JP3759403B2

JP3759403B2 - Cell energy adjustment device and energy storage device

Info

Publication number: JP3759403B2
Application number: JP2000352295A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和也森
Original assignee: NEC Tokin Corp
Current assignee: Tokin Corp
Priority date: 2000-11-20
Filing date: 2000-11-20
Publication date: 2006-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-20
Also published as: JP2002159145A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、直列に接続された電気エネルギ貯蔵セルによって構成されるエネルギ貯蔵装置に貯蔵されたエネルギ量に対して、それぞれのセルおよび複数のセルを一つの貯蔵単位としたエネルギ貯蔵装置の貯蔵エネルギ量の比率を目標の値に設定するエネルギ配分回路を備えた電気エネルギ貯蔵装置に関するもので、特にそれに使用されるセルエネルギ量調節装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
キャパシタなどの電気エネルギ貯蔵セルを直列に接続して、単体のセルより端子電圧が高くエネルギ貯蔵量が大きい電気エネルギ貯蔵システムを構成する際に、それぞれのセルにツェナーダイオードのような定電圧素子を並列に接続したりすることにより、各セルの電圧を均一にして、エネルギ貯蔵量を高める装置が従来から用いられている。しかし、これらの従来の方法では、エネルギ効率や平準化自由度が低い。
【０００３】
そこで、複数の電気エネルギ貯蔵セルを接続して構成するエネルギ貯蔵装置を運用するために、新規なセル電圧平準化装置として各セルのエネルギ量を管理し、エネルギの再配分を行う機構を備えたセルエネルギ量調節装置が非常に有望である。
【０００４】
図７は、従来のセルエネルギ量調節装置の代表例１を示す図である。図７において、まずは各キャパシタセル１の電圧を測定するために、それぞれのキャパシタセルに接続されているスイッチング素子であるＦＥＴ２を順次ＯＮにして、二次側コイル７に励起される電圧を電圧入力回路９で測定し、電圧メモリに記録する。
【０００５】
すべてのキャパシタセルの電圧を測定後、その結果から、例えば、二つ目のキャパシタセルの電圧が他のキャパシタセルの電圧よりも高い場合、すなわち二つ目のキャパシタセルのエネルギ量が他のキャパシタセルのエネルギ量よりも過剰である場合、二つ目のキャパシタセルに接続されているＦＥＴ２のＯＮ・ＯＦＦを中央制御ユニット１０がスイッチ駆動回路１２を用いて制御することにより、二次側コイル７、ダイオード３を通って直列に接続されているキャパシタセル全体にエネルギを移送する。
【０００６】
図８は、従来のセルエネルギ量調節装置の代表例２を示す図である。図８において、実用的にはセルを複数個直列に接続したエネルギ貯蔵装置をさらに複数個直列に接続して構成し、全体のエネルギ量を高めて稼動される。その動作は図７と同様である。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記セルエネルギ量調節装置で各キャパシタセルのエネルギを調整するためには、トランスの二次側コイルに制御装置を設けなければならない。。この二次側コイルは一般的に一次側コイルの巻数のセル個数倍の巻数を必要とし、トランス自体のおよそ半分を占めている。
【０００８】
また、前記制御装置は、各キャパシタセルの電圧を測定する機構とその情報を記録するメモリとその測定結果を判断するＣＰＵおよびスイッチング回路を制御するコントローラを必要とする。この方法では、効率は最大限まで引き出すことができるが、回路が大きくなり制御系が複雑になる。
【０００９】
従って、本発明の目的は、スイッチング回路を制御する制御装置を簡略化して、エネルギ効率を最大限まで引き出すことができるセルエネルギ量調節装置を提供することである。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、キャパシタセルもしくは二次電池セルを複数個直列に接続して任意のセルから該セルに充電されているエネルギを移送する機構を備えたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、制御機構が複雑になることを防ぐ手段を提供する。
【００１１】
本発明によれば、複数のキャパシタセルもしくは二次電池セルで構成したエネルギ量調節装置において、スイッチング回路をＦＥＴとショットキーバリアダイオードを並列接続して構成し、前記スイッチング回路を順番にＯＮ・ＯＦＦする回路を備えたことを特徴とするセルエネルギ量調節装置が得られる。
【００１２】
さらに、本発明によれば、前記のセルエネルギ量調節装置のキャパシタセルもしくは二次電池セルの代わりに、複数のキャパシタセルもしくは二次電池セルで構成したエネルギ貯蔵装置やさらにエネルギ量を調節する機構を備えたエネルギ貯蔵装置を用いてひとつの大きなセルエネルギ量調節装置を構成した場合に、前述のＦＥＴとショットキーバリアダイオードを並列接続して構成したスイッチング回路を用いたことを特徴とするセルエネルギ量調節装置が得られる。
【００１３】
即ち、本発明は、キャパシタセルの複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とをそろえており、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタと複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一次側のコイルに直列に接続し、前記キャパシタセルが複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００１５】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個のキャパシタセルとで構成される単位エネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方向と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とはそろえており、前記スイッチング回路を、単位エネルギ貯蔵装置と、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列に接続し、前記単位エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００１６】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個の単位エネルギ貯蔵装置とで構成されるエネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方向と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とはそろえており、前記スイッチング回路を、エネルギ貯蔵装置と、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列に接続し、前記エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００１７】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個のキャパシタセルとで構成される単位エネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタセルと、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列接続し、複数個あるすべての前記スイッチング回路を同時にスイッチング動作させることができるスイッチ駆動回路を前記制御装置内に備え、前記単位エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００１９】
また、本発明は、二次電池セルの複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方向と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とをそろえており、前記スイッチング回路を二次電池セルと複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列に接続し、前記二次電池セルが複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２０】
また、本発明は、二次電池セルの複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路を二次電池セルと、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列接続し、複数個あるすべての前記スイッチング回路を同時にスイッチング動作させることができるスイッチ駆動回路を前記制御装置内に備え、前記二次電池セルが複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２１】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個の二次電池セルとで構成される単位エネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方向と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とはそろえており、前記スイッチング回路を、単位エネルギ貯蔵装置と、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列に接続し、前記単位エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２２】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個の単位エネルギ貯蔵装置とで構成されるエネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路は、ＦＥＴのドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオードが並列接続されて構成され、前記ショットキーバリアダイオードの極性方向と、ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードの極性方向とはそろえており、前記スイッチング回路を、エネルギ貯蔵装置と、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列に接続し、前記エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２３】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個の二次電池セルとで構成される単位エネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタセルと、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列接続し、複数個あるすべての前記スイッチング回路を同時にスイッチング動作させることができるスイッチ駆動回路を前記制御装置内に備え、前記単位エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２４】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置と、複数個の単位エネルギ貯蔵装置とで構成されるエネルギ貯蔵装置の複数個に対して、それぞれスイッチング回路と、トランスと、制御装置とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置において、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタセルと、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一つのコイルに直列接続し、複数個あるすべての前記スイッチング回路を同時にスイッチング動作させることができるスイッチ駆動回路を前記制御装置内に備え、前記エネルギ貯蔵装置が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２５】
また、本発明は、前記セルエネルギ量調節装置を用いたエネルギ貯蔵装置である。
【００２６】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例によるセルエネルギ量調節装置およびエネルギ貯蔵装置について、以下に説明する。
【００２７】
（実施例１）
図１は、本発明によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の第１の実施例の説明図であり、４個のキャパシタセルを直列に接続して構成したセルエネルギ量調節装置を示している。
【００２８】
即ち、キャパシタセル１の４個に対して、それぞれＦＥＴ２と、ショットキーバリアダイオード８と、トランスと、制御装置１３とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置であって、前記ＦＥＴ２のドレインとソースに対し、ショットキーバリアダイオード８が並列接続されていてスイッチング回路を構成し、前記ショットキーバリアダイオード８の極性方向と、ＦＥＴ２の極性方向とはそろえており、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタセル１と複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一次側コイル６に直列に接続し、前記キャパシタセル１が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００２９】
従来のセルエネルギ量調節装置の構成と比較して、一般的に巻数が多い二次側コイルを省略し、それに伴い、制御回路も電圧測定機構・メモリ機構を省略し、各スイッチング回路を順番にＯＮ・ＯＦＦする機能のみを備えている。この装置を運用する際のアルゴリズムをフローチャートとして図２に示す。
【００３０】
例えば、二つ目のキャパシタセルの電圧が他のキャパシタセルの電圧より高いとする。一つ目のキャパシタセルに接続されているＦＥＴをＯＮしても、一つ目のキャパシタセルの電圧よりも高い電圧である二つ目のキャパシタセル、電圧が等しい三つ目および四つ目のキャパシタセルには、エネルギは移送されない。次に、二つ目のキャパシタセルに接続されているＦＥＴをＯＮすることによって、二つ目のキャパシタセルの電圧よりも低い電圧である一つ目、三つ目および四つ目のキャパシタセルにはエネルギが移送される。
【００３１】
この平準化動作を順次行い、適当なサイクル数だけ行ってから、一定の時間を空けて再度同じ平準化動作を繰り返す。制御回路では、充電の回数および放電の回数のみを測定しておき、一定の回数に到達した場合に平準化動作を再度行っても構わない。
【００３２】
この平準化動作を順次行い、適当なサイクル数だけ行ってから、一定の時間を空けて再度同じ平準化動作を繰り返す。制御装置１３では、充電の回数のみを測定しておき、一定の回数に到達した場合に平準化動作を再度行っても構わない。
【００３３】
（実施例２）
図３は、本発明によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の第２の実施例の説明図であり、４個のキャパシタセルを直列に接続して構成したセルエネルギ量調節装置を示している。即ち、キャパシタセル１の４個に対して、それぞれＦＥＴ２と、トランスと、制御装置１３とが組合わされて構成されたセルエネルギ量調節装置であって、前記ＦＥＴ２を用いてスイッチング回路を構成し、前記スイッチング回路をキャパシタセル１と、複数のコイルを備えたトランスの一次側コイル６に直列接続し、複数個あるすべての前記スイッチング回路を同時にスイッチング動作させることができるスイッチ駆動回路１２ａを備え、前記キャパシタセル１が複数個直列に接続されたセルエネルギ量調節装置である。
【００３４】
ここで、制御回路１２ａでは、各スイッチング回路を同時にＯＮ・ＯＦＦする機能のみを備えている。図３のセルエネルギ量調節装置は、先の図１のセルエネルギ量調節装置の構成と比較して、ショットキーバリアダイオードを省略できる。
【００３５】
図４は、このセルエネルギ量調節装置を運用する際のアルゴリズムを示すフローチャートである。
【００３６】
図１の場合と同様に、例えば、二つのキャパシタセルの電圧が、他のキャパシタセルの電圧より高いとする。この場合、全てのＦＥＴをＯＮすることにより、電圧の高い二つ目のキャパシタセルの電圧値が、すべてのキャパシタセルのコイルに誘起され、その電圧より低い電圧値のキャパシタセルにその差の分に相当するだけエネルギが移送される。この平準化動作を適当な間隔で行うことにより、常に平準化しておくことが可能となる。
【００３７】
（実施例３）
図５は、本発明によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の第３の実施例の説明図であり、３個のキャパシタセルを直列に接続して構成したエネルギ量調節装置をさらに３個直列に接続して構成したエネルギ量調節装置を示している。最も巻数が多い二次側コイルが省略されるために、このようにセル数が多い場合は、回路構成が非常に小型化される。動作は、先の図２と同様であり、３個直列に接続されたキャパシタセルをまず平準化してから、さらに３個のキャパシタセルを直列接続して構成したエネルギ貯蔵装置を平準化することにより、効率よく平準化することができる。
【００３８】
（実施例４）
図６は、本発明によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の第４の実施例の説明図であり、４個のエネルギ貯蔵装置を直列に接続して全体のエネルギ量をさらに高くしたエネルギ量調節装置を示している。この個々のエネルギ貯蔵装置は、複数のキャパシタセルや複数の二次電池セルを直列に接続してセルエネルギ量調節装置を構成し、さらに、それらを接続した構造になっていても構わなし、複数のエネルギ貯蔵装置を直列に接続した構造になっていても構わない。
【００３９】
上記の説明において、キャパシタセルの代わりに二次電池セルもしくは複数のキャパシタセルか二次電池セルで構成したエネルギ貯蔵装置を一つのセルとして用いても構わない。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
以上に示したように、本発明によれば、複数個の電気エネルギ貯蔵セルで構成したエネルギ貯蔵装置のセルエネルギ量調節装置を、制御装置を簡単化して全体の構成を小型化したセルエネルギ量調節装置およびエネルギ貯蔵装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の説明図。
【図２】図１の本発明の実施例１によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の動作アルゴリズム例を示すフローチャート。
【図３】本発明の実施例２によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の説明図。
【図４】図３の本発明の実施例２によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の動作アルゴリズム例を示すフローチャート。
【図５】本発明の実施例３によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の説明図。
【図６】本発明の実施例４によるセルエネルギ量調節装置の説明図。
【図７】従来のセルエネルギ量調節装置の代表例１を示す図。
【図８】従来のセルエネルギ量調節装置の代表例２を示す図。
【符号の説明】
１キャパシタセル
２ＦＥＴ
２ａ（ＦＥＴの）寄生ダイオード
３ダイオード
４抵抗器
５キャパシタ
６（トランスの）一次側コイル
７（トランスの）二次側コイル
８ショットキーバリアダイオード
９電圧入力回路
１０中央制御ユニット
１１電圧メモリ
１２，１２ａ，１２ｂスイッチ駆動回路
１３制御装置
１４単位エネルギ貯蔵装置
１５エネルギ貯蔵装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the amount of energy stored in an energy storage device constituted by electric energy storage cells connected in series, and the stored energy of the energy storage device with each cell and a plurality of cells as one storage unit. The present invention relates to an electrical energy storage device having an energy distribution circuit for setting a quantity ratio to a target value, and more particularly to a cell energy amount adjusting device used therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When electric energy storage cells such as capacitors are connected in series to form an electric energy storage system having a higher terminal voltage and a larger energy storage capacity than a single cell, a constant voltage element such as a Zener diode is provided in each cell. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a device for increasing the energy storage amount by making the voltage of each cell uniform by connecting them in parallel has been used. However, these conventional methods have low energy efficiency and leveling freedom.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to operate an energy storage device configured by connecting a plurality of electrical energy storage cells, a new cell voltage leveling device is provided with a mechanism for managing the energy amount of each cell and redistributing energy. A cell energy adjustment device is very promising.
[0004]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a representative example 1 of a conventional cell energy amount adjusting device. In FIG. 7, first, in order to measure the voltage of each capacitor cell 1, the FET 2 that is a switching element connected to each capacitor cell is sequentially turned on, and the voltage excited by the secondary coil 7 is input as a voltage. Measure with circuit 9 and record in voltage memory.
[0005]
After measuring the voltages of all the capacitor cells, the result shows that, for example, when the voltage of the second capacitor cell is higher than the voltage of the other capacitor cell, that is, the energy amount of the second capacitor cell is different from the other capacitor cell. When the amount of energy exceeds the cell, the central control unit 10 uses the switch drive circuit 12 to control ON / OFF of the FET 2 connected to the second capacitor cell, whereby the secondary coil 7 The energy is transferred to the entire capacitor cell connected in series through the diode 3.
[0006]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a representative example 2 of a conventional cell energy amount adjusting device. In FIG. 8, practically, a plurality of energy storage devices in which a plurality of cells are connected in series are further connected in series to increase the overall energy amount. The operation is the same as in FIG.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to adjust the energy of each capacitor cell by the cell energy amount adjusting device, a control device must be provided in the secondary coil of the transformer. . This secondary coil generally requires a number of turns that is twice the number of turns of the primary side coil, and occupies about half of the transformer itself.
[0008]
Further, the control device requires a mechanism for measuring the voltage of each capacitor cell, a memory for recording the information, a CPU for judging the measurement result, and a controller for controlling the switching circuit. In this method, the efficiency can be maximized, but the circuit becomes large and the control system becomes complicated.
[0009]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cell energy amount adjusting device that can simplify the control device that controls the switching circuit and maximize the energy efficiency.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a cell energy amount adjusting device having a mechanism for transferring energy charged in an arbitrary cell by connecting a plurality of capacitor cells or secondary battery cells in series, and the control mechanism is complicated. Provides a means to prevent
[0011]
According to the present invention, in the energy amount adjusting device configured by a plurality of capacitor cells or secondary battery cells, the switching circuit is configured by connecting the FET and the Schottky barrier diode in parallel , and the switching circuit is sequentially turned ON / OFF. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a circuit for performing the above operation is obtained.
[0012]
Further, according to the present invention, instead of the capacitor cell or the secondary battery cell of the cell energy amount adjusting device, an energy storage device constituted by a plurality of capacitor cells or secondary battery cells and a mechanism for further adjusting the energy amount. A cell energy characterized by using a switching circuit configured by connecting the FET and the Schottky barrier diode in parallel when one large cell energy amount adjusting device is configured using an energy storage device including A quantity adjusting device is obtained.
[0013]
That is, the present invention relates to a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by combining a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device for a plurality of capacitor cells, wherein the switching circuit includes an FET drain and a source. In contrast, the Schottky barrier diode is configured to be connected in parallel, and the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned, and the switching circuit includes a capacitor and a plurality of coils. The cell energy amount adjusting device is connected in series to a primary coil of a transformer, and a plurality of the capacitor cells are connected in series.
[0015]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of capacitor cells. In the thus configured cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit is configured such that a Schottky barrier diode is connected in parallel to the drain and source of the FET, the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode, and the parasitic diode of the FET A cell in which the switching circuit is connected in series to a unit energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and the unit energy storage devices are connected in series. It is an energy amount adjusting device.
[0016]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of unit energy storage devices. In the cell energy amount adjusting device configured as described above, the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to the drain and source of the FET, the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode, and the parasitic diode of the FET The switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the energy storage devices are connected in series. It is a quantity adjustment device.
[0017]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of capacitor cells. In the configured cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit can be connected in series to a capacitor cell and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and all the plurality of switching circuits can be switched simultaneously. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a switch drive circuit in the control device, wherein a plurality of the unit energy storage devices are connected in series.
[0019]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by combining a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device for a plurality of secondary battery cells, wherein the switching circuit includes a drain of an FET. The Schottky barrier diode is connected in parallel with the source, and the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned. This is a cell energy amount adjusting device that is connected in series to one coil of a transformer having the above coil, and a plurality of the secondary battery cells are connected in series.
[0020]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by combining a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device with respect to a plurality of secondary battery cells. A switch drive circuit connected in series to one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils and capable of simultaneously switching all the plurality of the switching circuits, and the secondary battery cell Is a cell energy amount adjusting device in which a plurality of are connected in series.
[0021]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are provided for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of secondary battery cells. In the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus configured by combining the Schottky barrier diodes, the switching circuit is configured by connecting the drain and the source of the FET in parallel, the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode, and the parasitic characteristics of the FET. The switching circuit is connected in series to a unit energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the unit energy storage devices are connected in series. Cell energy amount adjusting device.
[0022]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of unit energy storage devices. In the cell energy amount adjusting device configured as described above, the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to the drain and source of the FET, the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode, and the parasitic diode of the FET The switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the energy storage devices are connected in series. It is a quantity adjustment device.
[0023]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are provided for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of secondary battery cells. In the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus configured in combination, the switching circuit is connected in series to a capacitor cell and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the switching circuits are simultaneously switched. The cell energy amount adjusting device is provided with a switch drive circuit that can be configured in the control device, and a plurality of the unit energy storage devices are connected in series.
[0024]
According to the present invention, a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device and a plurality of unit energy storage devices. In the cell energy amount adjusting device configured as described above, the switching circuit is connected in series to a capacitor cell and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the switching circuits are simultaneously switched. The cell energy amount adjusting device is provided with a switch driving circuit that can be provided in the control device, and a plurality of the energy storage devices are connected in series.
[0025]
Further, the present invention is an energy storage device using the cell energy amount adjusting device.
[0026]
【Example】
A cell energy amount adjusting device and an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
[0027]
Example 1
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of a cell energy amount adjusting device according to the present invention, and shows a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by connecting four capacitor cells in series.
[0028]
That is, each of the four capacitor cells 1 is a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by combining an FET 2, a Schottky barrier diode 8, a transformer, and a control device 13. A Schottky barrier diode 8 is connected in parallel to the source and constitutes a switching circuit, the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode 8 and the polarity direction of the FET 2 are aligned, and the switching circuit is connected to the capacitor cell 1 And a plurality of the capacitor cells 1 connected in series to a primary coil 6 of a transformer having a plurality of coils.
[0029]
Compared with the configuration of the conventional cell energy amount adjustment device, the secondary side coil having a large number of turns is generally omitted, and accordingly, the control circuit also omits the voltage measuring mechanism and the memory mechanism, and each switching circuit is sequentially arranged. Only the function to turn on and off is provided. An algorithm for operating this apparatus is shown as a flowchart in FIG.
[0030]
For example, assume that the voltage of the second capacitor cell is higher than the voltages of the other capacitor cells. Even if the FET connected to the first capacitor cell is turned ON, the second capacitor cell, which is higher than the voltage of the first capacitor cell, No energy is transferred to the capacitor cell. Next, by turning on the FET connected to the second capacitor cell, the first, third and fourth capacitor cells, which are lower in voltage than the second capacitor cell, are turned on. Energy is transferred.
[0031]
This leveling operation is performed sequentially, and after an appropriate number of cycles, the same leveling operation is repeated again after a certain period of time. In the control circuit, only the number of times of charging and the number of times of discharging may be measured, and the leveling operation may be performed again when a certain number of times is reached.
[0032]
This leveling operation is performed sequentially, and after an appropriate number of cycles, the same leveling operation is repeated again after a certain period of time. The control device 13 may measure only the number of times of charging and perform the leveling operation again when a certain number of times is reached.
[0033]
(Example 2)
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, and shows a cell energy amount adjusting apparatus configured by connecting four capacitor cells in series. That is, a cell energy amount adjusting device configured by combining FET2, a transformer, and a control device 13 for four capacitor cells 1, respectively, and using the FET2, a switching circuit is configured, The switching circuit is connected in series to a capacitor cell 1 and a primary coil 6 of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and includes a switch driving circuit 12a capable of simultaneously switching all the switching circuits. This is a cell energy amount adjusting device in which a plurality of capacitor cells 1 are connected in series.
[0034]
Here, the control circuit 12a has only a function of simultaneously turning on / off each switching circuit. The cell energy amount adjusting device of FIG. 3 can omit the Schottky barrier diode as compared with the configuration of the cell energy amount adjusting device of FIG.
[0035]
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an algorithm for operating the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus.
[0036]
As in the case of FIG. 1, for example, it is assumed that the voltages of two capacitor cells are higher than the voltages of other capacitor cells. In this case, by turning on all the FETs, the voltage value of the second capacitor cell having a higher voltage is induced in the coils of all the capacitor cells, and the difference value is applied to the capacitor cell having a voltage value lower than that voltage. As much energy as is transferred. By performing this leveling operation at an appropriate interval, leveling can always be performed.
[0037]
Example 3
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment of the cell energy amount adjusting device according to the present invention, in which three energy amount adjusting devices configured by connecting three capacitor cells in series are further connected in series. 1 shows a configured energy adjustment device. Since the secondary coil having the largest number of turns is omitted, when the number of cells is thus large, the circuit configuration is very miniaturized. The operation is the same as in FIG. 2 described above, by first leveling three capacitor cells connected in series, and then leveling an energy storage device configured by connecting three capacitor cells in series. Can be leveled efficiently.
[0038]
(Example 4)
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a fourth embodiment of a cell energy amount adjusting device according to the present invention, and shows an energy amount adjusting device in which four energy storage devices are connected in series to further increase the overall energy amount. ing. The individual energy storage devices may be configured in such a manner that a plurality of capacitor cells and a plurality of secondary battery cells are connected in series to form a cell energy amount adjusting device, and further connected to each other. The energy storage devices may be connected in series.
[0039]
In the above description, instead of the capacitor cell, an energy storage device constituted by a secondary battery cell, a plurality of capacitor cells, or a secondary battery cell may be used as one cell.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the cell energy amount adjusting device of the energy storage device constituted by a plurality of electric energy storage cells is simplified, the control device is simplified, and the overall configuration is miniaturized. An adjustment device and an energy storage device can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation algorithm of the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation algorithm of the cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a cell energy amount adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a representative example 1 of a conventional cell energy amount adjusting device.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a representative example 2 of a conventional cell energy amount adjusting device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Capacitor cell 2 FET
2a Parasitic diode (of FET) 3 Diode 4 Resistor 5 Capacitor 6 Primary coil (of transformer) Secondary coil 8 (of transformer) Schottky barrier diode 9 Voltage input circuit 10 Central control unit 11 Voltage memory 12, 12a , 12b Switch drive circuit 13 Controller 14 Unit energy storage device 15 Energy storage device

Claims

A plurality of capacitor cells, each of which is configured by combining a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device, and is a cell energy amount adjusting device including a circuit for sequentially turning on and off the switching circuit , The switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to the drain and source of the FET, and aligns the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode with the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET. A cell energy amount adjusting device, wherein a circuit is connected in series to one coil of a transformer having a capacitor cell and a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the capacitor cells are connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 1 and a plurality of capacitor cells , A cell energy amount adjusting device having a circuit for sequentially turning on and off a switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to a drain and a source of an FET, and the Schottky The polarity direction of the barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned, and the switching circuit is connected in series to a unit energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and the unit Cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a plurality of energy storage devices connected in series

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 2 and a plurality of unit energy storage devices , A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a circuit for sequentially turning on and off the switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to a drain and a source of an FET, and The polarity direction of the key barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned. The switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and the energy A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a plurality of storage devices connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 1 and a plurality of capacitor cells. In the cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit is connected in series to a unit energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the switching circuits are simultaneously switched. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a switch driving circuit capable of being provided in the control device, wherein a plurality of the unit energy storage devices are connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 4 and a plurality of unit energy storage devices. In the constructed cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the switching circuits are simultaneously switched. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a switch driving circuit capable of being provided in the control device, wherein a plurality of the energy storage devices are connected in series.

A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a circuit for switching a switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device for a plurality of secondary battery cells, each of which includes a circuit for sequentially turning on and off the switching circuit. The switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to the drain and source of the FET, and aligns the polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET, A cell energy amount adjusting apparatus, wherein the switching circuit is connected in series to a secondary battery cell and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the secondary battery cells are connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 6 and a plurality of secondary battery cells. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a circuit for sequentially turning ON / OFF the switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to the drain and source of the FET. The polarity direction of the Schottky barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned, and the switching circuit is connected in series with one coil of a unit energy storage device and a transformer having a plurality of coils. A plurality of unit energy storage devices connected in series; Section apparatus.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 7 and a plurality of unit energy storage devices , A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a circuit for sequentially turning on and off the switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit is configured by connecting a Schottky barrier diode in parallel to a drain and a source of an FET, and The polarity direction of the key barrier diode and the polarity direction of the parasitic diode of the FET are aligned. The switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and the energy A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a plurality of storage devices connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of unit energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 6 and a plurality of secondary battery cells. In the cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit can be connected in series to a unit energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and all the switching circuits can be simultaneously switched. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a switch drive circuit in the control device, wherein a plurality of the unit energy storage devices are connected in series.

A switching circuit, a transformer, and a control device are combined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices including the cell energy amount adjusting device according to claim 9 and a plurality of unit energy storage devices. In the constructed cell energy amount adjusting device, the switching circuit is connected in series to an energy storage device and one coil of a transformer having a plurality of coils, and a plurality of the switching circuits are simultaneously switched. A cell energy amount adjusting device comprising a switch driving circuit capable of being provided in the control device, wherein a plurality of the energy storage devices are connected in series.

An energy storage device using the cell energy amount adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 .