JP3759554B2 - Grooving method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grooving method for performing highly accurate grooving by cutting using a diamond tool.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 55-48716 discloses a processing method for forming square grooves on the surface of a substrate made of glass. In this processing method, the diamond particles are moved along the square groove forming direction while rotating a disk that forms the same cutting edge angle as that of the embedded square groove on the outer periphery to perform the groove processing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although it is possible to form a square groove by the processing method of the above-mentioned announcement technique, there are the following problems.
In the case of the processing tool of the above-mentioned announcement technique, the cutting edge is embedded with diamond particles, and the tip of the tool cannot be sharpened, so that a groove having a trough radius R of 10 μm or less as shown in FIG. 14 is processed. Is difficult.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a groove processing method capable of performing highly accurate groove processing by a relatively simple method that does not require complicated setup.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the grooving method according to claim 1 includes a cutting edge angle α, a lateral clearance angle β, a rake angle γ, and a clearance angle δ corresponding to the processing groove angle θ of the workpiece. Cutting that forms the tool to be formed on the outer periphery of a rotating body with the Z axis as the rotation axis, and scans the workpiece in the direction of the processing groove while rotating the rotating body to transfer the tool shape of the processing tool A groove processing method for performing groove processing by performing processing, wherein the groove angle θ of the processing groove and the cutting edge angle ψ on the processing surface on which the processing tool acts on the workpiece are matched. The groove machining is performed by tilting or moving the tool on the XY plane and tilting on the YZ plane.
[0006]
The grooving method according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the processing tool is tilted and fixed by an angle a about the tool tip.
[0007]
Further, in the grooving method according to claim 3, the means for inclining by the angle a is appropriately spaced on a support plate disposed along the longitudinal direction of the processing tool so as to support the processing tool. A cylinder having different diameters is disposed, and the processing tool is mounted on the cylinder to form the angle a.
[0008]
The grooving method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the rake face height of the working tool is shifted from the center of the rotating body on the XY plane.
[0009]
The grooving method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the processing tool is inclined on the YZ plane by an angle b around an axis connecting a tool rotation center of the processing tool and a tool tip. To do.
[0010]
Further, a grooving method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the grooving method according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the height of the rake face is shifted from the center of the rotating body on the XY plane, or the addition is performed on the YZ plane. The value of the rake angle γ, flank δ or side clearance angle β of the work tool, which changes by inclining by an angle b about the axis connecting the center of tool rotation and the tool tip, is maintained at a predetermined angle. Preferably, each of the corners is formed to be larger or smaller in advance.
[0011]
A tool having a cutting edge angle α, a lateral clearance angle β, a rake angle γ, a clearance angle δ, etc. is fixed to the outer periphery of a rotating body having the Z axis as a rotation axis, and the direction of the machining groove of the workpiece while rotating this The desired machining groove is formed by performing a cutting process for transferring the tool shape. In this case, by tilting or moving the processing tool in the XY plane, or by tilting the processing tool in the YZ plane, the angle ψ at which the processing tool acts on the workpiece is adjusted to match the groove angle θ to be manufactured. Further, since the adjustment method can be relatively easily performed without complicated setup, the processing efficiency can be improved.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the groove processing method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the outline of the processing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1A shows a linear workpiece 2 in which a triangular groove 4 having a linear groove angle θ is formed, and FIG. 1B shows a curved triangular workpiece in a curved workpiece 2a. 4a is formed. The processing tool 1 is composed of a diamond tool having a triangular cutting edge corresponding to the triangular grooves 4 and 4a, and is fixed to the outer periphery 6 of the rotating body 5 having the Z axis as a rotation axis. Groove machining is performed by rotating the rotator 5 while scanning the rotator 5 in the groove direction in which the triangular grooves 4 and 4a of the workpieces 2 and 2a are formed and transferring the tool shape. FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the angle ψ acting on the workpieces 2 and 2a of the processing tool 1 corresponding to the groove angle θ of the workpieces 2 and 2a is schematically superposed, and the processing tool 1 is applied to the workpiece. Working angle (blade edge angle on the machining surface) ψ needs to be adjusted so that ψ matches θ.
[0013]
FIG. 3 schematically shows a method for adjusting the angle ψ at which the processing tool 1 acts on the workpieces 2 and 2a in the processing method of the present invention. The angle at which the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece is ψ, which corresponds to the required groove angle θ. In the XY plane, the processing tool 1 is arranged along the X-axis direction with the tip 7 aligned on the X-axis passing through the rotation center O of the rotating body 5, and forms a rake angle γ and a clearance angle δ on the surface. . Further, as shown in the drawing, the processing tool 1 will be described in detail later, but is fixed to the rotating body 5 in a state in which the processing tool 1 is rotated by an angle a around the distal end portion 7 as indicated by a dotted line. Further, as shown by a two-dot chain line, the processing tool 1 may be fixed to the rotating body 5 and used with the tip 7 moved by D in some cases.
[0014]
Further, on the YZ plane in FIG. 3, the processing tool 1 is formed so as to form a lateral clearance angle β up and down, and at the time of processing, the processing tool 1 rotates by an angle b around the axis connecting the center of tool rotation and the tip 7 of the tool. Used in a moving state.
[0015]
FIG. 4 shows one specific means for inclining the processing tool 1 by an angle a on the XY plane. In this example, arc-shaped guide grooves 8 and 9 are formed in the rotating body 5 as shown in the figure, and guide pins 10 and 11 that fit into the guide grooves 8 and 9 are fixed to the processing tool 1 side. By turning the processing tool 1 along the guide grooves 8 and 9 around the tip 7 of the processing tool 1, the processing tool 1 is inclined by an angle a.
[0016]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the angle a (tool inclination) in FIG. 4 and the amount of increase in the angle ψ acting on the workpiece when the tool edge angle α is 90 degrees. That is, it is necessary to make ψ and θ coincide at the time of machining, but when fine adjustment is required, the angle is based on the same diagram as FIG. 5 corresponding to the tool edge angle α of the working tool used. The value of a may be set and the processing tool 1 may be inclined.
[0017]
FIG. 6 shows another means for inclining the processing tool 1 as in the case of FIG. In this example, as shown in the figure, a support plate 12 is disposed substantially parallel to the processing tool 1 on the XY plane, and V grooves 13 and 14 are formed on the support plate 12 with an appropriate interval L _1. The cylinders 15 and 16 of d ₁ and d _{2 having} different diameters are placed on the cylinders 13 and 14, and the V grooves 17 and 18 provided on the processing tool 1 side are fitted into the cylinders 15 and 16. As described above, the processing tool 1 can be inclined by the angle a as in FIG. In the case of FIG. 6 as well, a diagram similar to FIG. 5 corresponding to the tool cutting edge angle α of the working tool used is used.
[0018]
FIG. 7 shows still another means for adjusting the angle ψ at which the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece. In this example, the rake face 19 of the processing tool 1 is shifted by the dimension D from the center O of the rotating body 5. In this case, the angle c is cos ⁻¹ (L / (L ² + D ² ) ^1/2 , where c is the intersection angle between the line connecting the tip 7 of the processing tool 1 and the center O of the rotating body 5 and the X axis. ). L is the length from the center O to the tip 7 along the X axis.
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the rake face height deviation D and the amount of increase in the angle ψ at which the work tool 1 acts on the workpiece when the tool edge angle α is 90 degrees and L is 45 mm. Is. Accordingly, from the same diagram as FIG. 8 corresponding to the tool cutting edge angles α and L used, the height deviation D of the rake face 19 is changed by an amount that can correct the angle corresponding to the error between ψ and θ. Thus, ψ can be made to coincide with θ.
[0019]
FIG. 9 shows changes in the rake angle γ and clearance angle δ of the processing tool 1 during the movement of the processing tool 1 in FIG. The rake angle 19 shown in FIG. 9 (A) as shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by shifting the rake face 19 by the dimension D as shown in FIG. 7 and inclining the work tool 1 from the X axis by the angle c. γ and clearance angle δ change to γ + c and δ−c as shown in FIG.
In this case, when c> δ, the value of δ−c becomes negative and does not function as the second, and conversely, the rake angle becomes too large as γ + c. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 9C, the rake angle and clearance angle of the processing tool 1 are formed in advance to values of γ−φ and δ + φ, and even in the case shown in FIG. I have to. Here, φ is a value satisfying c ′ <φ, where c ′ is the maximum expected value of c.
[0020]
FIG. 10 shows a case where the processing tool 1 is inclined by an angle b about the axis connecting the center of tool rotation of the processing tool 1 and the tool tip on the YZ plane. As a result, the value of the angle ψ at which the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece changes. FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the angle b (tool tilt) when the tool edge angle α is 90 degrees and the minute amount of the angle ψ that the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece. By obtaining the value of the inclination angle b of the processing tool 1 from the same diagram as FIG. 11 corresponding to the tool cutting edge angle α, the angle ψ that the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece can be matched with the groove angle θ. It becomes possible.
[0021]
As described above, the processing tool 1 has a lateral clearance angle β formed vertically. As shown in FIG. 12 (a), when the processing tool 1 is not inclined, a lateral clearance angle of an angle β is formed vertically. When the processing tool 1 is inclined by the angle b as described above, the upper side clearance angle is β + b and the lower side clearance angle is β−b as shown in FIG. In this case, when b> β, the lower side clearance angle becomes negative and does not function as No. 2, and the upper side clearance angle becomes too large.
Accordingly, the side clearance angle of the processing tool 1 is formed in advance at an angle β ′ larger than the angle β as shown in FIG. 13A, and the lower side clearance angle is prevented in advance from becoming negative, or As shown in FIG. 13B, the upper side clearance angle is set to β−b, the lower side clearance angle is set to β + b, and the side clearance angle β is maintained even when the processing tool 1 is inclined by the angle b. To do.
[0022]
As described above, in the present invention, the processing tool 1 attached to the rotating body 5 is tilted and moved so that the angle ψ acting on the workpiece is adjusted so as to match the groove angle θ. Accurate grooving can be performed. Furthermore, since the cutting edge can be sharpened, it is possible to process a groove having a trough radius R of 10 μm or less as shown in FIG. Further, the inclination and movement of the processing tool 1 can be relatively simplified, and the angle ψ at which the processing tool 1 acts on the workpiece can be adjusted easily and accurately.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
1) According to the grooving method according to claim 1 of the present invention, the processing tool is fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body, and the rotating tool is scanned while rotating the rotating body in the grooving direction of the workpiece. Since the groove with a small radius of the part is machined and the cutting edge angle on the machining surface can be adjusted to exactly match the groove angle of the workpiece by tilting or moving the mounting position of the machining tool relative to the rotating body, Highly accurate grooving can be performed by relatively simple adjustment.
[0024]
2) According to the grooving method according to claim 2 of the present invention, fine adjustment of the edge angle can be performed easily and accurately by inclining the processing tool by an angle a about the tip of the tool.
[0025]
3) According to the grooving method according to claim 3 of the present invention, the inclination angle of the processing tool can be adjusted accurately and easily by changing the diameter of the column on the support plate.
[0026]
4) According to the grooving method according to claim 4 of the present invention, it is possible to make a fine adjustment of the edge angle by moving the rake face of the processing tool, and the adjustment is accurately performed by simple means.
[0027]
5) According to the grooving method according to claim 5 of the present invention, fine adjustment of the cutting edge surface is easily performed by inclining the processing tool by an angle b on the YZ plane.
[0028]
6) According to the grooving method according to claim 6 of the present invention, it is possible to always keep the second number that changes by tilting or moving the processing tool in a normal state, thereby improving the workability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a groove processing method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an engaged state during processing of a workpiece and a processing tool.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the entire method for finely adjusting the edge angle in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an XY plan view showing one specific means for inclining the processing tool by an angle a along the rotation direction of the rotating body.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between an angle a (tool inclination) in FIG. 4 and an increase amount of a cutting edge angle on a machining surface.
FIG. 6 is an XY plan view showing specific means for inclining the processing tool along the rotation direction of the rotating body.
FIG. 7 is an XY plan view for explaining a method for finely adjusting the blade edge surface by moving the rake face of the processing tool by a deviation D on the XY plane;
8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rake face height deviation D in FIG. 7 and the amount of increase in the cutting edge angle on the machined surface.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining a change in the rake angle and clearance angle accompanying the movement of the processing tool in FIG. 7 and a second adjustment method thereof.
FIG. 10 is a YZ plan view for explaining a method of performing a fine adjustment of the blade edge angle by inclining the processing tool by an angle b on the YZ plane.
11 is a diagram showing a relationship between an angle b (tool inclination) in FIG. 10 and an angle reduction amount of a cutting edge surface on a machining surface.
12 is a schematic diagram showing a change in the lateral clearance angle β in FIG.
13 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second method of adjusting the lateral clearance angle β in FIG. 12. FIG.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the shape of a trough of a groove of a workpiece in the prior art and the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tool 2 Workpiece 2a Workpiece 3 Valley part 4 Triangular groove 4a Triangular groove 5 Rotating body 6 Outer periphery 7 Tip part 8 Guide groove 9 Guide groove 10 Guide pin 11 Guide pin 12 Support plate 13 V groove 14 V groove 15 Cylinder 16 Cylinder 17 V groove 18 V groove 19 Rake face

Claims (6)

A processing tool that forms a cutting edge angle α, a lateral clearance angle β, a rake angle γ, and a clearance angle δ corresponding to the processing groove angle θ of the workpiece is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating body with the Z axis as the rotation axis. A grooving method for performing grooving by scanning in the direction of the machining groove of the workpiece while rotating the rotating body and performing a cutting process to transfer the tool shape of the processing tool,
Groove machining is performed by tilting or moving the processing tool on the XY plane and tilting on the YZ plane so that the cutting edge angle ψ on the processing surface on which the processing tool acts on the workpiece coincides with the processing groove angle θ. A groove processing method characterized by the above.   The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein the processing tool is fixed while being inclined by an angle a about the tool tip.   The means for inclining by the angle a disposes cylinders of different diameters at appropriate intervals on a support plate disposed along the longitudinal direction of the processing tool to support the processing tool, The groove processing method according to claim 2, wherein the processing tool is mounted on a cylinder to form the angle a.   The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein a height of the rake face is shifted from a center of the rotating body on the XY plane.   2. The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein the processing tool is inclined on the YZ plane by an angle b around an axis connecting a center of tool rotation of the processing tool and a tool tip.   The height of the rake face on the XY plane is shifted from the center of the rotator, or the angle b about the axis connecting the tool rotation center of the tool and the tool tip on the YZ plane. The rake angle γ, the clearance angle δ or the lateral clearance angle β of the processing tool, which is changed by being inclined only, is formed in advance so that the respective angles are made larger or smaller in order to maintain the values at a predetermined angle. The groove processing method according to claim 4 or 5.

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