JP3760038B2 - Composition for resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding, resin-bonded magnet, and method for producing resin-bonded magnet - Google Patents
Composition for resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding, resin-bonded magnet, and method for producing resin-bonded magnet Download PDFInfo
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- JP3760038B2 JP3760038B2 JP30968597A JP30968597A JP3760038B2 JP 3760038 B2 JP3760038 B2 JP 3760038B2 JP 30968597 A JP30968597 A JP 30968597A JP 30968597 A JP30968597 A JP 30968597A JP 3760038 B2 JP3760038 B2 JP 3760038B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/083—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together in a bonding agent
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物、樹脂結合型磁石及び樹脂結合型磁石の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、フェライト磁石、アルニコ磁石、希土類磁石等がモーター、音響機器、OA機器等の種々の用途に用いられている。しかし、これらの磁石は主に焼結法により製造されるために、一般に脆く、薄肉又は複雑な形状の磁石を製造するのは困難である。また焼結法では焼結時の収縮が15〜20%と大きいため、寸法精度の高い磁石が得られず、精度を上げるには研磨等の後加工が必要であるという欠点を有している。一方、これらの欠点を解消すると共に、新しい用途も期待できる磁石として、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂をバインダーとして、磁性粉末を結合した樹脂結合型磁石も知られている。この樹脂結合型磁石は、射出成型法により製造されるので、成形性に優れ、複雑な形状の磁石も製造できるが、原料、即ち磁性粉末を含む樹脂組成物は200℃以上の高温下にさらされるため、得られる磁石の磁気特性、特に保磁力や角型性の低下は免れず、従って磁気特性の低下率を低く抑えた樹脂結合型磁石の製造は困難である上、熱可塑性樹脂を用いるため、成形後、磁石の耐熱変形性(以下、耐熱性という)も不十分である。
【0003】
また、エポキシ樹脂やビス・マレイミドトリアジン樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂をバインダーとして、磁性粉末を結合した樹脂結合型磁石も提案されている。この樹脂結合型磁石は、熱硬化性樹脂を用いて圧縮成型法で製造されるため、得られる磁石の耐熱性は良好であるものの、バインダー量を微量(組成物に対し5重量%以下)に抑えなければならない上、単純な形状の磁石しか得られていない。しかも樹脂結合型磁石には、機器の小型化に伴って、特に磁気特性に優れ、且つ複雑な形状のものが要求されているが、従来の製造方法で得られる樹脂結合型磁石の磁気特性と形状との関係は、小型機器用として使用するには不十分であり、樹脂結合型磁石の早期改良が望まれていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の目的は、従来の樹脂結合型磁石における上記欠点を解消し、磁気特性、形状自由度、成形性、耐熱性のいずれも優れた射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物、樹脂結合型磁石及び樹脂結合型磁石の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するために、種々検討を行った結果、磁性粉末及びスチレンによって特定の粘度に調整した不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含む組成物を150℃以下で射出成形法やトランスファー成形法に適用すると、磁気特性及び形状自由度のみならず、成形性及び耐熱性も優れた樹脂結合型磁石が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成した。
即ち、本発明の第1の発明によれば、異方性磁場(HA)が50kOe以上である磁性粉末と、熱硬化性樹脂を含むバインダー系成分とからなる、射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物であって、1)上記熱硬化性樹脂は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂であり、かつ上記バインダー系成分に対して60重量%以上の割合で含有し、2)上記バインダー系成分の含有量は、上記磁性粉末100重量部に対して7〜15重量部であり、さらに、 3)上記バインダー系成分の粘度は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂にスチレンからなる反応性希釈剤を上記磁性粉末100重量部に対して1〜4重量部の割合で添加することによって粘度調整を行い、その結果、−20℃〜150℃のいずれかの成形温度において500mPa・s〜3000mPa・sであることを特徴とする射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物が提供される。
また、本発明の第2の発明によれば、第1の発明に係る樹脂結合型磁石用組成物を成形してなる樹脂結合型磁石が提供される。
さらに、本発明の第3の発明によれば、第2の発明において、射出成形機を用い、第1の発明に係る射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物を前記成形温度で型内に射出し、引き続き前記型内で10〜150℃の温度で加熱硬化させることを特徴とする樹脂結合型磁石の製造方法が提供される。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
樹脂結合型磁石用組成物
本発明の樹脂結合型磁石用組成物は、磁性粉末と、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と、その粘度を調整するスチレンを含むバインダー系成分とで構成される。
<磁性粉末>
磁性粉末としては、一般の樹脂結合型磁石に用いられているものでよく、例えば希土類−コバルト合金系(例えばSm−Co合金系)、希土類−鉄−ほう素合金系(例えばNd−Fe−B合金系)、希土類−鉄−窒素合金系(例えばSm−Fe−N合金系)等の、異方性磁場(HA)が50kOe以上である合金系磁性粉末が挙げられる。前記合金系磁性粉末に使用される稀土類としては、 Nd及びSmの他に、Sc,Y,La,Ce,Pr,Pm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu等が例示できる。なお、これら合金系磁性粉末中の各成分の割合は、異方性磁場(HA)が50kOe以上となるような割合である。
【0007】
本発明の組成物においては、上記例示したNd−Fe−B合金系、Sm−Co合金系、Sm−Fe−N合金系等の異方性磁場(HA)が50kOe以上である磁性粉末を用いることにより、組成物に対し、90重量%以上の高充填化が可能であり、その結果、特に優れた磁気特性を有する樹脂結合型磁石が得られる。なお、希土類−鉄−ほう素系磁性粉末は、液体急冷法によって調製されるので、鱗片状の特異な形状を有している。このため、希土類−鉄−ほう素系磁性粉末の場合はジェットミルやボールミル等で粉砕して使用した方が良い。以上のような磁性粉末の粒径は、平均粒径で、通常200μm以下、好ましくは100μm以下、更に好ましくは50μm以下である。
【0008】
<バインダー系成分>
バインダー系成分は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と、その粘度を調整するスチレンを必須成分として含有し、その他に任意成分として、前記樹脂用の硬化剤、反応性希釈剤、樹脂変性剤、増粘剤、滑剤、離型剤、紫外線吸収剤、難燃剤、熱安定剤等の添加剤を含有することができる。
不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と、その粘度を調整するスチレンを含むバインダー系成分は、上記任意成分を含有していても、−20℃〜150℃のいずれかの温度において500mPa・s〜3000mPa・s(又は−20℃において3000mPa・s以下、150℃において500mPa・s以上)の範囲の粘度を有していなければならない。
この粘度は800mPa・s〜2000mPa・s(又は−20℃において2000mPa・s以下、150℃において800mPa・s以上)の範囲が好ましく、更に好ましくは10℃において2500mPa・s以下、80℃において600mPa・s以上の範囲である。上記粘度は、JIS K7117(液状樹脂の回転粘度計による粘度試験方法)に準じて、−20℃〜150℃の範囲のいずれかの温度に維持された恒温槽内で測定される。なお、この温度は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の成形温度(成形時のシリンダー温度)に由来するものである。
【0009】
バインダー系成分の粘度が、150℃において500mPa・s未満では、磁石の製造時、即ち組成物の射出成形時に磁性粉末とバインダー間に分離現象が生じるため成形できない。また、−20℃において3000mPa・sを越えると、著しい混練トルクの上昇、流動性の低下を招き、成形困難になる。
バインダー系成分に含まれる不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は、磁性粉末のバインダーとして働く成分であり、150℃以下で硬化できるものであれば、特に限定されず、一般に市販されている不飽和ポリエステル樹脂でよい。この不飽和ポリエステル樹脂としては、特に限定されず、一般に市販されている不飽和ポリエステル樹脂でよい。この不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の状態は、特に限定されないが、磁性粉末との均一混合性や成形性の点から液状が望ましい。
【0010】
上記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は、バインダー系成分が任意成分を含有していても、バインダー系成分の粘度が上記範囲にある限り、分子量(又は重合度)や粘度に制約されることなく使用することができる。勿論、1種類の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂で所望の粘度が得られない場合は、分子量(又は重合度もしくは粘度)等の異なる2種以上の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を混合するか、或いはスチレンのような反応性希釈剤を添加して、バインダー系成分としての動粘度の調整を行ってもよい。
不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含むバインダー系成分の含有量は、磁性粉末100重量部に対して7〜15重量部、好ましくは10〜13重量部である。なお、バインダー系成分中に占める不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の割合は、バインダー系成分が上記動粘度の範囲になるような割合であればよい。具体的には不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の分子量、任意成分の種類及び含有量によっても異なるが、バインダー系成分に対し、通常50〜100重量%、好ましくは60〜100重量%である。
なお、組成物中のバインダー系成分の含有量が少なすぎると、著しい混練トルクの上昇、流動性の低下を招いて成形困難になることがあり、また多すぎると、所望の磁気特性が得られないことがある。
【0011】
不飽和ポリエステル樹脂用の硬化剤は、有機過酸化物が使用される。
【0012】
ここで有機過酸化物としては、例えばメチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、3,3,5トリメチルシクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、メチルシクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、メチルアセトアセテートパーオキサイド、アセチルアセトンパーオキサイド等のケトンパーオキサイド系過酸化物、1,1−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、2,2−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)オクタン、n−ブチル4,4−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)バレレート、2,2−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ブタン等のパーオキシケタール系過酸化物、t−ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド、ジーイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキサイド、P−メンタンハイドロパーオキサイド、2,5−ジメチルヘキサン2,5−ジハイドロパーオキサイド、1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチルハイドロパーオキサイド等のハイドロパーオキサイド系過酸化物、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド、t−ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、ジ−クミルパーオキサイド、α,α’−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ−m−イソプロピル)ベンゼン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキシン等のジアルキルパーオキサイド系過酸化物、アセチルパーオキサイド、イソブチリルパーオキサイド、オクタノイルパーオキサイド、デカノイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、2,4−クロロベンゾイルパーオキサイド、m−トルオイルパーオキサイド等のジアシルパーオキサイド系過酸化物、ジ−イソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス−(4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシル)、ジ−ミリスチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ−2−エトキシエチルペロキシジカーボネート、ジ−メトキシイソプロピルペロキシジカーボネート、ジ(3−メチル−3−メトキシブチル)、ジ−アリルペロキシジカーボネート等のパーオキシジカーボネート系過酸化物、t−ブチルパーオキシアセテート、t−ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、t−ブチルパーオキシピバレート、t−ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t−ブチルパーオキシ2−エチルヘキサノエート、t−ブチルパーオキシ3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノエート、t−ブチルパーオキシラウレート、t−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキシイソフタレート、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t−ブチルパーオキシマレイックアサイド、t−ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、クミルパーオキシオクトエート、t−ヘキシルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t−ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート、t−ブチルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート、t−ヘキシルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート、クミルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート等のパーオキシエステル系過酸化物等が挙げられる。
【0016】
以上の硬化剤の使用量は、磁性粉末100重量部に対し、通常0〜40重量部、好ましくは1〜30重量部である。
反応性希釈剤としては、スチレン等の反応性モノマー系有機化合物、特にスチレンが挙げられる。その使用量は磁性粉末100重量部に対し、通常0〜40重量部、好ましくは1〜30重量部である。
【0017】
滑剤又は離型剤としては、例えばパラフィンワックス、流動パラフィン、ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス、エステルワックス、カルナウバ、マイクロワックス等のワックス類、ステアリン酸、1,2−オキシステアリン酸、ラウリン酸、パルミチン酸、オレイン酸等の脂肪酸類、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸バリウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸リチウム、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ラウリン酸カルシウム、リノール酸亜鉛、リシノール酸カルシウム、2−エチルヘキソイン酸亜鉛等の脂肪酸塩(金属石鹸類)ステアリン酸アミド、オレイン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミド、ベヘン酸アミド、パルミチン酸アミド、ラウリン酸アミド、ヒドロキシステアリン酸アミド、メチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスラウリン酸アミド、ジステアリルアジピン酸アミド、エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド、ジオレイルアジピン酸アミド、N−ステアリルステアリン酸アミド等脂肪酸アミド類、ステアリン酸ブチル等の脂肪酸エステル、エチレングリコール、ステアリルアルコール等のアルコール類、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、及びこれら変性物からなるポリエーテル類、ジメチルポリシロキサン、シリコーングリース等のポリシロキサン類、弗素系オイル、弗素系グリース、含弗素樹脂粉末等の弗素化合物、窒化珪素、炭化珪素、酸化マグネシウム、アルミナ、二酸化珪素、二硫化モリブデン等の無機化合物粉体が挙げられる。その使用量は磁性粉末100重量部に対し、通常0〜10重量部、好ましくは0.1〜5重量部である。
【0018】
紫外線吸収剤としては、例えばフェニルサリシレート、p−t−ブチルフェニルサリシレート等のサリチル酸誘導体;2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシベンゾフェノン等のベンゾフェノン系化合物;2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール等のベンゾトリアゾール系化合物等が挙げられる。難燃剤としては、例えば三酸化アンチモン等のアンチモン系化合物;水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム等の水酸化物;トリアリルホスフェート、トリス(クロロエチル)ホスフェート等のリン酸エステル又はリン化合物;赤リン系難燃剤;塩素化パラフィン等の塩素系難燃剤;ヘキサブロモベンゼン等の臭素系難燃剤等が挙げられる。
【0019】
本発明の組成物は、通常の混合機又は混練機、例えばリボンブレンダー、タンブラー、ナウターミキサー、ヘンシェルミキサー、スーパーミキサー等の混合機、或いはバンバリーミキサー、ニーダー、ロール、ニーダールーダー、単軸押出機、二軸押出機等の混練機を使用して上記各成分を混合することにより、塊状で得られる。
【0020】
樹脂結合型磁石の製造方法
本発明の樹脂結合型磁石は、以上のようにして得られる本発明の組成物を150℃以下、好ましくは10〜130℃で型内に射出し、引き続き前記型内で150℃以下、好ましくは10〜130℃で熱硬化させることにより製造される。
組成物の射出及び硬化、即ち射出成形は射出成形機を使用して行う。この場合、射出時の温度も硬化時の温度も150℃以下に維持する必要がある。150℃を越えると、得られる磁石の磁気特性が急激に低下する。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1〜8、比較例3〜5
下記に示す材料を使用し、下記に示す製造方法に従って、樹脂結合型磁石用組成物及び樹脂結合型磁石を製造し、それらの性能を評価した。
【0022】
材料:
A 磁性粉末
・磁性粉末1:Nd−Fe−B合金系磁性粉末
(商品名:MQP−B、米国ゼネラルモーターズ社製)
異方性磁場:70.4kOe
・磁性粉末2:Sm−Co合金系磁性粉末
(商品名:RCo5合金、住友金属鉱山(株)製)
異方性磁場:246kOe
B 熱硬化性樹脂
・不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(UP樹脂1)
(商品名:リゴラックM−500D、昭和高分子(株)製)
・不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(UP樹脂2)
(商品名:リゴラック4214、昭和高分子(株)製)
・エポキシ樹脂(EP樹脂1)、ノボラック型液状エポキシ樹脂
(商品名:ダウ・エポキシ樹脂D.E.N.431、ダウ・ケミカル日本(株)製)
・エポキシ樹脂(EP樹脂2)、ビスフェノールA型固形エポキシ樹脂
(商品名:エポトートYD−013、東都化成(株)製)
C 硬化剤
・硬化剤1;パーオキシエステル系過酸化物(t−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート)
(商品名:パーブチルZ、日本油脂(株)製)
・硬化剤2;エポキシ樹脂加熱速硬化用硬化剤(アミン系硬化剤)
(商品名:エピキュアー170、油化シェルエポキシ(株)製)
・硬化剤3;エポキシ樹脂用潜在性硬化剤(ジシアンジアミド)
(商品名:DICY7、油化シェルエポキシ(株)製)
【0023】
樹脂結合型磁石の製造方法:
(1)結合型磁石用組成物の調製
表1〜3(但し、各表中の部は重量部を表す)に示す実施例1〜8及び比較例3〜5の各組成に従って、磁性粉末、熱硬化性樹脂、及び硬化剤等の添加剤をプラネタリーミキサー中で十分混合、撹拌(40rpm,30℃)し、樹脂結合型磁石用組成物を作製した。 比較例4及び5の各組成物の場合は、20mmφのシングル押出機(L/D=25、CR=2.0、回転数=20rpm、5mmφのストランドダイ使用、シリンダー温度は比較例4の場合は200℃、比較例5の場合は220℃、ダイス温度は比較例4の場合は200℃、比較例5の場合は220℃)で押し出した後、ホットカットペレタイザーを用いて樹脂結合型磁石用ペレットコンパウンドを作製した。
(2)射出成形による樹脂結合型磁石の製造
各コンパウンドを射出成形機により表1〜3に示す成形温度で金型内に射出成形し、引き続き表1〜3に示す温度に維持された金型内で熱硬化させ、直径10mm×長さ15mmの円柱試験用樹脂結合型磁石を製造した。但し、磁性粉末2を使用した組成物又はコンパウンド(実施例5、比較例5)については、15〜20kOeの磁場中で同様に成形を行った。
(3)各種特性の評価方法
以上のようにして得られた樹脂結合型磁石試料又は組成物について、磁気特性〔(BH)maxとして〕、成形性、耐熱性(熱変形温度として)を下記評価方法に従って評価した。
・磁気特性
各磁石試料の磁気特性として(BH)maxをチオフィー型自記磁束計により常温で測定した。(BH)maxの測定結果を表1〜3に示す。従来の製造方法で得られた樹脂結合型磁石の場合、(BH)maxは6.5MGOeであることから、7.0MGOe以上を”効果あり”と評価した。
・成形性
各樹脂結合型磁石の製造時に、得られた磁石成型品を10個抽出し、重量を測定した。
その重量バラツキの範囲(最大値−最小値)が、
0.05g未満の場合を極めて良好 ◎
0.05g以上0.10g未満の場合を良好 ○
0.10g以上0.15g未満の場合を普通 △
0.10g以上の場合を悪い ×
として評価した。
・耐熱性
各樹脂結合型磁石の製造時に、別途幅4.0mm×高さ11.0mm×長さ120mmの試験片を成形し、これをJIS K7207(硬質プラスチックの荷重たわみ温度試験方法)に準じて熱変形温度を測定し、耐熱性を評価した。
以上の結果を表1〜3に示した。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
【表2】
【0026】
【表3】
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、磁性粉末、及びスチレンで粘度調整した不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含むバインダー系成分からなる組成物を150℃以下で射出成形し、引き続き150℃以下の型内で熱硬化させることにより、磁気特性、形状自由度、耐熱性等に優れた樹脂結合型磁石を製造することができる。こうして得られた樹脂結合型磁石は、例えば、一般家電製品から通信・音響機器、医療機器を経て一般産業機器に至る幅広い分野で特に有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a resin-bonded magnet composition used for injection molding , a resin-bonded magnet, and a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, rare earth magnets, and the like have been used in various applications such as motors, acoustic equipment, and OA equipment. However, since these magnets are mainly manufactured by a sintering method, they are generally fragile and it is difficult to manufacture magnets with thin or complicated shapes. In addition, since the shrinkage during sintering is as large as 15 to 20%, a magnet with high dimensional accuracy cannot be obtained, and post-processing such as polishing is necessary to improve accuracy. . On the other hand, a resin-bonded magnet in which a magnetic powder is bonded using a thermoplastic resin such as a polyamide resin or a polyphenylene sulfide resin as a binder is also known as a magnet that can solve these drawbacks and can be expected to be used in new applications. Since this resin-bonded magnet is manufactured by an injection molding method, it is excellent in moldability and can manufacture a magnet having a complicated shape, but the raw material, that is, the resin composition containing magnetic powder is exposed to a high temperature of 200 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the magnetic properties of the obtained magnet, in particular the coercive force and the squareness, are unavoidable. Therefore, it is difficult to produce a resin-bonded magnet with a reduced rate of decrease in magnetic properties and a thermoplastic resin is used. For this reason, after the molding, the heat resistance of the magnet (hereinafter referred to as heat resistance) is also insufficient.
[0003]
In addition, a resin-bonded magnet in which a magnetic powder is bonded using a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin or a bis-maleimide triazine resin as a binder has been proposed. Since this resin-bonded magnet is manufactured by compression molding using a thermosetting resin, the resulting magnet has good heat resistance, but the binder amount is very small (5% by weight or less based on the composition). In addition to being suppressed, only simple shaped magnets are obtained. Moreover, resin-bonded magnets are required to have a particularly complex shape with excellent magnetic properties as equipment is downsized. The relationship with the shape is insufficient for use in small devices, and an early improvement of the resin-bonded magnet has been desired.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional resin-bonded magnets and to use a resin-bonded magnet composition that is excellent in magnetic properties, shape flexibility, moldability, and heat resistance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a resin-bonded magnet and a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a composition containing an unsaturated polyester resin adjusted to a specific viscosity with magnetic powder and styrene is subjected to an injection molding method or a transfer at 150 ° C. or lower. It was found that when applied to a molding method, a resin-bonded magnet having excellent moldability and heat resistance as well as magnetic properties and shape freedom was obtained, and the present invention was completed.
That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a magnetic powder anisotropy field (HA) is equal to or greater than 50 kOe, ing and a binder system component comprising a thermosetting resin, resin bond used in the injection molding 1) The thermosetting resin is an unsaturated polyester resin and is contained in a proportion of 60% by weight or more based on the binder component, and 2) the binder component. The content is 7 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder. 3) The viscosity of the binder component is a reactive diluent composed of unsaturated polyester resin and styrene. The viscosity is adjusted by adding 1 to 4 parts by weight with respect to parts by weight. As a result, at a molding temperature of -20 ° C to 150 ° C, 500 mPa · s to 3000 mPa · s. A composition for a resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding is provided .
Moreover, according to 2nd invention of this invention, the resin-bonded magnet formed by shape | molding the composition for resin-bonded magnets concerning 1st invention is provided .
Furthermore, according to the third invention of the present invention , in the second invention, an injection molding machine is used, and the resin-bonded magnet composition used for injection molding according to the first invention is molded in the mold at the molding temperature . injection, subsequently producing method of the resin bonded magnet, characterized in that cured by heating at a temperature of. 10 to 0.99 ° C. in the mold is provided.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Resin-bonded magnet composition The resin-bonded magnet composition of the present invention is composed of a magnetic powder, an unsaturated polyester resin, and a binder component containing styrene for adjusting the viscosity thereof .
<Magnetic powder>
The magnetic powder may be one used for general resin-bonded magnets, for example, rare earth-cobalt alloy type (for example, Sm-Co alloy type), rare earth-iron-boron alloy type (for example, Nd-Fe-B). Alloy-based magnetic powder having an anisotropic magnetic field (HA) of 50 kOe or more, such as an alloy system) or a rare earth-iron-nitrogen alloy system (for example, Sm—Fe—N alloy system). In addition to Nd and Sm, rare earths used for the alloy-based magnetic powder include Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. Etc. can be illustrated. In addition, the ratio of each component in these alloy type magnetic powder is a ratio that an anisotropic magnetic field (HA) will be 50 kOe or more.
[0007]
In the composition of the present invention, magnetic powder having an anisotropic magnetic field (HA) of 50 kOe or more, such as the Nd—Fe—B alloy system, Sm—Co alloy system, and Sm—Fe—N alloy system exemplified above is used. As a result, the composition can be filled to 90% by weight or more, and as a result, a resin-bonded magnet having particularly excellent magnetic properties can be obtained. Note that the rare earth-iron-boron magnetic powder is prepared by a liquid quenching method, and thus has a unique scale-like shape. For this reason, in the case of rare earth-iron-boron magnetic powder, it is better to use after pulverizing with a jet mill or a ball mill. The particle size of the magnetic powder as described above is an average particle size of usually 200 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or less, and more preferably 50 μm or less.
[0008]
<Binder component>
The binder component contains an unsaturated polyester resin and styrene for adjusting the viscosity as essential components, and as other optional components, a curing agent for the resin, a reactive diluent, a resin modifier, a thickener, Additives such as lubricants, mold release agents, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, and heat stabilizers can be contained.
Even if the binder system component containing the unsaturated polyester resin and the styrene for adjusting the viscosity contains the above-mentioned optional components, it is 500 mPa · s to 3000 mPa · s (or at any temperature of −20 ° C. to 150 ° C.). The viscosity must be in the range of 3000 mPa · s or less at −20 ° C. and 500 mPa · s or more at 150 ° C.) .
This viscosity is preferably in the range of 800 mPa · s to 2000 mPa · s (or less than 2000 mPa · s at −20 ° C., 800 mPa · s or more at 150 ° C.), more preferably 2500 mPa · s or less at 10 ° C. and 600 mPa · s at 80 ° C. The range is s or more. The viscosity is measured in a constant temperature bath maintained at a temperature in the range of −20 ° C. to 150 ° C. according to JIS K7117 (Viscosity test method for liquid resin using a rotational viscometer). In addition, this temperature originates in the molding temperature (cylinder temperature at the time of shaping | molding) of unsaturated polyester resin.
[0009]
When the viscosity of the binder system component is less than 500 mPa · s at 150 ° C., molding cannot be performed because a separation phenomenon occurs between the magnetic powder and the binder during manufacture of the magnet, that is, during injection molding of the composition. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3000 mPa · s at −20 ° C., the kneading torque will be significantly increased and the fluidity will be lowered, making it difficult to mold.
The unsaturated polyester resin contained in the binder component is a component that acts as a binder for the magnetic powder and is not particularly limited as long as it can be cured at 150 ° C. or lower, and may be a commercially available unsaturated polyester resin. The unsaturated polyester resin is not particularly limited and may be a commercially available unsaturated polyester resin. The state of the unsaturated polyester resin is not particularly limited, but liquid is desirable from the viewpoint of uniform mixing with the magnetic powder and moldability.
[0010]
The unsaturated polyester resin may be used without being restricted by molecular weight (or polymerization degree) or viscosity as long as the viscosity of the binder component is in the above range even if the binder component contains an optional component. it can. Of course, when the desired viscosity cannot be obtained with one type of unsaturated polyester resin, two or more types of unsaturated polyester resins having different molecular weights (or polymerization degrees or viscosities) are mixed, or a reaction such as styrene. It is also possible to adjust the kinematic viscosity as a binder component by adding a functional diluent.
The content of the binder component containing the unsaturated polyester resin is 7 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 13 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder. In addition, the ratio of the unsaturated polyester resin which occupies in a binder system component should just be a ratio that a binder system component becomes the range of the said kinematic viscosity. Specifically, although it varies depending on the molecular weight of the unsaturated polyester resin, the kind and content of the optional component, it is usually 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 60 to 100% by weight, based on the binder component.
If the content of the binder component in the composition is too small, molding may be difficult due to a significant increase in kneading torque and fluidity, and if it is too large, desired magnetic properties can be obtained. There may not be.
[0011]
An organic peroxide is used as the curing agent for the unsaturated polyester resin.
[0012]
Examples of organic peroxides include ketone peroxide peroxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexanone peroxide, methylcyclohexanone peroxide, methyl acetoacetate peroxide, and acetylacetone peroxide. 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy) octane , N-butyl 4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy) valerate, peroxyketal peroxides such as 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydro Peroxide, di Hydroperoxides such as isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, P-menthane hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane 2,5-dihydroperoxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide , Di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butylcumyl peroxide, di-cumyl peroxide, α, α′-bis (t-butylperoxy-m-isopropyl) benzene, 2,5-dimethyl-2, Dialkyl peroxides such as 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexyne, acetyl peroxide, isobutyryl peroxide, Octanoyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide peroxides such as oxide, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, 2,4-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, m-toluoyl peroxide, di-isopropyl peroxydicarbonate , Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, bis- (4-t-butylcyclohexyl), di-myristyl peroxydicarbonate, di-2-ethoxyethylperoxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate peroxides such as di-methoxyisopropylperoxydicarbonate, di (3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl), di-allylperoxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxyacetate, t-butyl Peroxyiso Tylate, t-butylperoxypivalate, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate, cumylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxy3,5,5 -Trimethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxylaurate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, di-t-butylperoxyisophthalate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (benzoylperoxy) hexane, t -Butyl peroxymaleic side, t-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, cumyl peroxy octoate, t-hexyl peroxyneodecanoate, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, t-butyl peroxyneohexanoate, t-hexylperoxyneohexanoate, cumyl Peroxyester peroxides, and the like, such as over-oxy neo hexanoate.
[0016]
The amount of the curing agent used is usually 0 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder.
Examples of the reactive diluent include reactive monomer-based organic compounds such as styrene, particularly styrene. The amount used is usually 0 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder.
[0017]
Examples of the lubricant or mold release agent include waxes such as paraffin wax, liquid paraffin, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, ester wax, carnauba, and microwax, stearic acid, 1,2-oxystearic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, Fatty acids such as oleic acid, fatty acid salts such as calcium stearate, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, lithium stearate, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, calcium laurate, zinc linoleate, calcium ricinoleate, zinc 2-ethylhexoate (Metal soaps) Stearic acid amide, oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide, behenic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, lauric acid amide, hydroxystearic acid amide, methylene vinyl Stearic acid amide, ethylene bis stearic acid amide, ethylene bis lauric acid amide, distearyl adipic acid amide, ethylene bis oleic acid amide, dioleyl adipic acid amide, fatty acid amides such as N-stearyl stearic acid amide, butyl stearate, etc. Fatty acid esters, alcohols such as ethylene glycol and stearyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, and polyethers composed of these modified products, polysiloxanes such as dimethylpolysiloxane and silicone grease, fluorine-based oils, Fluorine compounds such as fluorine-based grease and fluorine-containing resin powder, and inorganic compound powders such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, alumina, silicon dioxide, and molybdenum disulfide . The amount used is usually 0 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder.
[0018]
Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include salicylic acid derivatives such as phenyl salicylate and pt-butylphenyl salicylate; benzophenone-based compounds such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; 2- (2′-hydroxy Benzotriazole compounds such as -3 ', 5'-di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole. Examples of the flame retardant include antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide; hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; phosphate esters or phosphorus compounds such as triallyl phosphate and tris (chloroethyl) phosphate; Flame retardants; Chlorinated flame retardants such as chlorinated paraffin; Brominated flame retardants such as hexabromobenzene.
[0019]
The composition of the present invention is a conventional mixer or kneader, for example, a blender such as a ribbon blender, tumbler, nauter mixer, Henschel mixer, super mixer, or Banbury mixer, kneader, roll, kneader ruder, single screw extruder. By using a kneader such as a twin screw extruder, the above components are mixed to obtain a lump.
[0020]
Production method of resin-bonded magnet The resin-bonded magnet of the present invention is obtained by injecting the composition of the present invention obtained as described above into a mold at 150 ° C. or less, preferably 10 to 130 ° C. It is manufactured by thermosetting at 150 ° C. or less, preferably 10 to 130 ° C.
Injection and curing of the composition, ie injection molding, is performed using an injection molding machine. In this case, it is necessary to maintain the temperature at the time of injection and the temperature at the time of curing at 150 ° C. or less. If the temperature exceeds 150 ° C., the magnetic properties of the obtained magnet will deteriorate rapidly.
[0021]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 3-5
Using the materials shown below, a resin-bonded magnet composition and a resin-bonded magnet were manufactured according to the manufacturing method described below, and their performance was evaluated.
[0022]
material:
A Magnetic powder Magnetic powder 1: Nd-Fe-B alloy magnetic powder (trade name: MQP-B, manufactured by General Motors, USA)
Anisotropic magnetic field: 70.4kOe
Magnetic powder 2: Sm-Co alloy based magnetic powder (trade name: RCo5 alloy, manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.)
Anisotropic magnetic field: 246 kOe
B Thermosetting resin ・ Unsaturated polyester resin ( UP resin 1 )
(Product name: Rigolac M-500D, manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.)
・ Unsaturated polyester resin (UP resin 2)
(Product name: Rigolac 4214, manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.)
・ Epoxy resin (EP resin 1), novolak liquid epoxy resin
(Brand name: Dow epoxy resin DEN431, manufactured by Dow Chemical Japan Co., Ltd.)
・ Epoxy resin (EP resin 2), bisphenol A type solid epoxy resin
(Product name: Epototo YD-013, manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd.)
C Curing agent ・ Curing agent 1; Peroxyester peroxide (t-butylperoxybenzoate)
(Product name: Perbutyl Z, manufactured by NOF Corporation)
・ Curing agent 2: Curing agent for epoxy resin heating fast curing (amine curing agent)
(Product name: Epicure 170, manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.)
・ Curing agent 3; latent curing agent for epoxy resin (dicyandiamide)
(Product name: DICY7, manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.)
[0023]
Manufacturing method of resin bonded magnet:
(1) Preparation of composition for combined magnets According to the compositions of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 shown in Tables 1 to 3 (wherein the parts represent parts by weight), magnetic powder, A thermosetting resin and additives such as a curing agent were sufficiently mixed and stirred (40 rpm, 30 ° C.) in a planetary mixer to prepare a resin-bonded magnet composition. In the case of each composition of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 , a 20 mmφ single extruder (L / D = 25, CR = 2.0, rotation speed = 20 rpm, 5 mmφ strand die used, cylinder temperature is in Comparative Example 4) Was extruded at 200 ° C., 220 ° C. in Comparative Example 5 and the die temperature was 200 ° C. in Comparative Example 4 and 220 ° C. in Comparative Example 5), and then used for a resin-bonded magnet using a hot cut pelletizer A pellet compound was prepared.
(2) Manufacture of resin-bonded magnets by injection molding Each compound was injection-molded in a mold at the molding temperatures shown in Tables 1 to 3 by an injection molding machine, and subsequently maintained at the temperatures shown in Tables 1 to 3 The resin-bonded magnet for cylinder test having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 15 mm was manufactured. However, the composition or compound (Example 5 , Comparative Example 5 ) using the magnetic powder 2 was similarly molded in a magnetic field of 15-20 kOe.
(3) Evaluation method of various characteristics About the resin-bonded magnet sample or composition obtained as described above, the magnetic characteristics [as (BH) max], moldability, and heat resistance (as heat distortion temperature) are evaluated as follows. Evaluation was made according to the method.
-Magnetic properties (BH) max was measured at room temperature with a thiophy-type self-recording magnetometer as the magnetic properties of each magnet sample. The measurement results of (BH) max are shown in Tables 1 to 3 . In the case of a resin-bonded magnet obtained by a conventional manufacturing method, (BH) max is 6.5 MGOe, and thus 7.0 MGOe or more was evaluated as “effective”.
-Moldability At the time of manufacture of each resin-bonded magnet, 10 obtained magnet molded products were extracted, and the weight was measured.
The range of the weight variation (maximum value-minimum value)
Very good when less than 0.05 g ◎
Good when 0.05g or more and less than 0.10g ○
Usually 0.10g or more and less than 0.15g △
Bad if 0.10g or more ×
As evaluated.
・ Heat resistance At the time of manufacturing each resin-bonded magnet, a test piece of 4.0mm width x 11.0mm height x 120mm length was separately formed, and this was conformed to JIS K7207 (Test method for deflection temperature under load of hard plastic) The heat distortion temperature was measured to evaluate the heat resistance.
The above results are shown in Tables 1 to 3 .
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
[Table 2]
[0026]
[Table 3]
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a composition comprising a binder component containing a magnetic powder and an unsaturated polyester resin whose viscosity is adjusted with styrene is injection-molded at 150 ° C. or lower, and subsequently in a mold at 150 ° C. or lower. By thermosetting, a resin-bonded magnet having excellent magnetic properties, flexibility in shape, heat resistance, etc. can be produced. The resin-bonded magnets thus obtained are particularly useful in a wide range of fields, from general home appliances to communication / acoustic equipment, medical equipment, and general industrial equipment.
Claims (3)
1)上記熱硬化性樹脂は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂であり、かつ上記バインダー系成分に対して60重量%以上の割合で含有し
2)上記バインダー系成分の含有量は、上記磁性粉末100重量部に対して7〜15重量部であり、さらに、
3)上記バインダー系成分の粘度は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂にスチレンからなる反応性希釈剤を上記磁性粉末100重量部に対して1〜4重量部の割合で添加することによって粘度調整を行い、その結果、−20℃〜150℃のいずれかの成形温度において500mPa・s〜3000mPa・sであることを特徴とする射出成形に用いられる樹脂結合型磁石用組成物。A magnetic powder anisotropy field (HA) is equal to or greater than 50 kOe, ing and a binder system component comprising a thermosetting resin, a resin-bonded magnet composition for use in injection molding,
1) The thermosetting resin is an unsaturated polyester resin and is contained in a proportion of 60% by weight or more based on the binder component.
2) The content of the binder component is 7 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder,
3) The viscosity of the binder component is adjusted by adding a reactive diluent composed of styrene to the unsaturated polyester resin at a ratio of 1 to 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnetic powder. As a result, it is 500 mPa · s to 3000 mPa · s at any molding temperature of −20 ° C. to 150 ° C., and a resin-bonded magnet composition used for injection molding .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30968597A JP3760038B2 (en) | 1997-10-24 | 1997-10-24 | Composition for resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding, resin-bonded magnet, and method for producing resin-bonded magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30968597A JP3760038B2 (en) | 1997-10-24 | 1997-10-24 | Composition for resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding, resin-bonded magnet, and method for producing resin-bonded magnet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11126709A JPH11126709A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| JP3760038B2 true JP3760038B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30968597A Expired - Fee Related JP3760038B2 (en) | 1997-10-24 | 1997-10-24 | Composition for resin-bonded magnet used for injection molding, resin-bonded magnet, and method for producing resin-bonded magnet |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3760038B2 (en) |
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| JPH11126709A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
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