JP3773454B2 - Hair restorer - Google Patents
Hair restorer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3773454B2 JP3773454B2 JP2002032420A JP2002032420A JP3773454B2 JP 3773454 B2 JP3773454 B2 JP 3773454B2 JP 2002032420 A JP2002032420 A JP 2002032420A JP 2002032420 A JP2002032420 A JP 2002032420A JP 3773454 B2 JP3773454 B2 JP 3773454B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tocopherol
- hair
- pantothenic acid
- proanthocyanidins
- procyanidin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229920002770 condensed tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 pentadecenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 102000003923 Protein Kinase C Human genes 0.000 claims description 23
- 108090000315 Protein Kinase C Proteins 0.000 claims description 23
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-NFJBMHMQSA-N Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin Natural products C1([C@@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]([C@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-NFJBMHMQSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2R,2'R,3R,3'R,4R)-3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(48)-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavan Natural products C=12OC(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)C(O)CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=1C(C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O1)C(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003779 hair growth Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002948 pantothenic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 claims description 18
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003611 tocopherol derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N Procyanidin C2 Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c([C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](c4cc(O)c(O)cc4)Oc4c3c(O)cc(O)c4)c(O)cc(O)c2[C@@H]1c1c(O)cc(O)c2c1O[C@@H]([C@H](O)C2)c1cc(O)c(O)cc1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002350 Procyanidin B2 Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N D-alpha-tocopherylacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940042585 tocopherol acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-WNCKYJNFSA-N Catechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C2=C3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](C3=C(O)C=C2O)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]([C@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-WNCKYJNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011627 DL-alpha-tocopherol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001815 DL-alpha-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-HNTGQZGLSA-N Procyanidin B3 Natural products C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]([C@@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-HNTGQZGLSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FQVWZTFVSA-N Procyanidin C1 Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c([C@@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@@H](c4cc(O)c(O)cc4)Oc4c3c(O)cc(O)c4)c(O)cc(O)c2[C@H]1c1c(O)cc(O)c2c1O[C@H]([C@H](O)C2)c1cc(O)c(O)cc1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FQVWZTFVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-AVFWISQGSA-N procyanidin B3 Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]([C@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-AVFWISQGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-XILRTYJMSA-N procyanidin C1 Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C2=C3O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C3=C(O)C=C2O)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]([C@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-XILRTYJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UKWJTHFESA-N procyanidin B1 Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)C=2C(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]([C@H](OC3=2)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UKWJTHFESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- MRAMPOPITCOOIN-VIFPVBQESA-N (2r)-n-(3-ethoxypropyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CCOCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)CO MRAMPOPITCOOIN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SNPLKNRPJHDVJA-ZETCQYMHSA-N D-panthenol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCCO SNPLKNRPJHDVJA-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004866 D-panthenol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011703 D-panthenol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011626 DL-alpha-tocopherylacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001809 DL-alpha-tocopherylacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZFMITUMMTDLWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Minoxidil Chemical compound NC1=[N+]([O-])C(N)=CC(N2CCCCC2)=N1 ZFMITUMMTDLWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XOMRRQXKHMYMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-palmitoylcarnitine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C XOMRRQXKHMYMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010093965 Polymyxin B Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940123924 Protein kinase C inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MSCCTZZBYHQMQJ-AZAGJHQNSA-N Tocopheryl nicotinate Chemical compound C([C@@](OC1=C(C)C=2C)(C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)CC1=C(C)C=2OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 MSCCTZZBYHQMQJ-AZAGJHQNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- LSUTUUOITDQYNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N calphostin C Chemical compound C=12C3=C4C(CC(C)OC(=O)C=5C=CC=CC=5)=C(OC)C(O)=C(C(C=C5OC)=O)C4=C5C=1C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C(O)C(OC)=C3CC(C)OC(=O)OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LSUTUUOITDQYNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JKNIRLKHOOMGOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cladochrome D Natural products COC1=C(CC(C)OC(=O)Oc2ccc(O)cc2)c3c4C(=C(OC)C(=O)c5c(O)cc(OC)c(c45)c6c(OC)cc(O)c(C1=O)c36)CC(C)OC(=O)c7ccc(O)cc7 JKNIRLKHOOMGOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はホスファチジン酸を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする育毛剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ホスファチジン酸を含有する毛髪関連化粧料、医薬品に関する発明としては、奇数直鎖炭素鎖の脂肪酸残基を有するホスファチジン酸、すなわち、式(II)
【0003】
【化2】
【0004】
(式中、R2およびR3は脂肪族炭化水素基を表し、R2およびR3のうち少なくとも一方は偶数の炭素鎖長を有する直鎖式脂肪族炭化水素基である)で表されるホスファチジン酸を含む養毛剤が知られている(特公昭63−41363号公報)。また、特開昭61−7205号公報には2つの分岐鎖脂肪酸残基を有するホスファチジン酸を有効成分とする細胞賦活剤が記載されている。しかしながら、偶数直鎖炭素鎖の脂肪酸残基のみを脂肪酸残基として有し、かつ、グリセリン残基の2位にアセチル基を有するホスファチジン酸を含む育毛剤は知られていない。また、奇数の炭素鎖長を有する脂肪酸と、ビオチンまたはビタミンB12とを有効成分とする細胞賦活剤が知られている(特開昭61−15809)。
【0005】
また、育毛剤の活性成分としてではないが、育毛活性成分であるミノキシジルに添加されるリポソーム用製剤基剤として、ホスファチジン酸が用いられることが知られている(US 5030442)。
ホスファチジン酸を含むいくつかのリン脂質の混合物に、脱毛抑制効果があること(WO 97/09989)、また、リン脂質混合物を含む育毛剤が知られている(DE 3222016、DE 4113346)。
【0006】
プロアントシアニジンを含有する育毛剤が、WO96/00561に記載されている。また、トコフェロール[毛の医学、283頁(1987年)、文光堂;ヘアサイエンス、80頁(1986年)、社団法人 日本毛髪科学教会]、パントテン酸およびビオチン[フレグランス ジャーナル、95-103頁(1989年)、フレグランス ジャーナル社]、ならびにプロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤[スキン ファーマコロジー アンド アプライド スキン フィジオロジー(Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology), 13, 133-142 (2000)]がそれぞれ育毛作用を有することが知られている。しかしながら、ホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを有効成分とする育毛剤については知られていない。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、ホスファチジン酸を有効成分とする、頭髪の育毛・発毛効果に優れた育毛剤を提供し、また、ホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを有効成分とする育毛剤を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、以下に関する。
(1) 式(I)
【0009】
【化3】
【0010】
(式中、R1は奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルキル、奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルケニルまたは奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルキニルを表す)で表されるホスファチジン酸を含有することを特徴とする育毛剤。
【0011】
(2) 奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルキルが、ウンデシル、トリデシル、ペンタデシルまたはヘプタデシルであり、奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルケニルがペンタデセニルまたはヘプタデセニルである上記(1)記載の育毛剤。
【0012】
(3) 上記(1)または(2)に記載のホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを有効成分として含有する育毛剤。
【0013】
(4) プロアントシアニジンを含有することを特徴とする上記(1)または(2)に記載の育毛剤。
【0014】
(5) プロアントシアニジンがプロシアニジンB-1、プロシアニジンB-2、プロシアニジンB-3、プロシアニジンC-1およびプロシアニジンC-2からなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のプロアントシアニジンである上記(4)記載の育毛剤。
【0015】
(6) トコフェロールまたはトコフェロール誘導体を含有することを特徴とする上記(1)、(2)、(4)または(5)のいずれかに記載の育毛剤。
【0016】
(7) トコフェロールまたはトコフェロール誘導体がdl-α-トコフェロール、d-α-トコフェロール、酢酸dl-α-トコフェロール、酢酸d-α-トコフェロールおよびニコチン酸dl-α-トコフェロールからなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のトコフェロールまたはトコフェロール誘導体である上記(6)記載の育毛剤。
【0017】
(8) パントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体を含有することを特徴とする上記(1)、(2)または(4)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の育毛剤。
【0018】
(9) パントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体がパントテン酸カルシウム、パントテン酸ナトリウム、D-パントテニルアルコール、DL-パントテニルアルコールおよびパントテニルエチルエーテルからなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のパントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体である上記(8)記載の育毛剤。
【0019】
(10) プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を含有することを特徴とする上記(1)、(2)または(4)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の育毛剤。
【0020】
(11) プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤がカルフォスチンC、ヘキサデシルホスフォコリン、パルミトイル-DL-カルニチンおよびポリミキシンBから選ばれる一種または二種以上のプロテインキナーゼC阻害剤である上記(10)記載の育毛剤。
【0021】
(12) ビオチンを含有することを特徴とする上記(1)、(2)または(4)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の育毛剤。
【0022】
(13) 実質的にミノキシジルを含有しない上記(1)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の育毛剤。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
式(I)の各基の定義において、奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルキルとしては、例えば炭素数1〜23、好ましくは7〜19の、より具体的には、メチル、プロピル、ペンチル、ヘプチル、ノニル、ウンデシル、トリデシル、ペンタデシル、ヘプタデシル、ノナデシル、ヘンエイコシル、トリコシル等があげられ、より好ましくはウンデシル、トリデシル、ペンタデシルまたはヘプタデシルがあげられる。奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルケニルとしては、例えば炭素数3〜23、好ましくは7〜19の、より具体的にはアリル、1−プロペニル、2−ペンテニル、4−ペンテニル、ペンタジエニル、ヘプテニル、ノネニル、ウンデセニル、トリデセニル、ペンタデセニル、ヘプタデセニル、ノナデセニル、ヘンエイコセニル、トリコセニル等があげられ、より好ましくはペンタデセニルまたはヘプタデセニルがあげられる。奇数直鎖の炭素鎖のアルキニルとしては、例えば炭素数3〜23、好ましくは7〜19の、より具体的にはプロピニル、ペンチニル、ヘプチニル、ノニル、ウンデシニル、トリデシニル、ペンタデシニル、ヘプタデシニル、ノナデシニル、ヘンエイコシニル、トリコシニル等があげられる。アルケニルおよびアルキニルにおける不飽和結合の個数および位置は特に限定されることはない。
【0024】
これらのホスファチジン酸は、主に化学合成により得ることができる[ジャーナル オブ バイオロジカル ケミストリー(Journal of Biological Chemistry), 189, 235-247 (1951)参照]。すなわち、脂肪酸をグリセリンの1位に導入したのち、グリセリンの2位にアセチル基を導入、グリセリンの3位をリン酸化することによって得ることができる。なお、各合成ステップでは、必要により、保護基の導入を行う。また、リン脂質誘導体の酵素分解により、例えば、ホスファチジルコリン誘導体を原料とする場合、ホスフォリパーゼD等の酵素を用い、コリンとのリン酸結合を加水分解することで、目的のホスファチジン酸を得ることもできる[奥山治美、脂質の生化学(生化学実験講座3)、日本生化学会編、289頁 (1974年)、東京化学同人]。しかしながら、製造法はこれらに限定されるものではなく、いかなる方法によって得た該ホスファチジン酸も本発明で用いることができる。
【0025】
本発明に用いられるプロアントシアニジンは、式(III)
【0026】
【化4】
【0027】
(式中、R4およびR5は同一または異なって水素原子または水酸基を表す)等で表されるフラバン-7-オール誘導体を構成単位として重合した化合物群をいう。
フラバン-7-オール誘導体の具体例としては、カテキン、エピカテキン、ガロカテキン、エピガロカテキン、アフゼレチン、エピアフゼレチン等があげられ、これらの光学異性体もすべて含まれるが、本発明では、エピカテキンまたはカテキンを構成単位とするプロアントシアニジンがより好ましく用いられる。
【0028】
式(III)で表されるフラバン-7-オール誘導体の結合様式としては、いかなるものも含まれるが、例えばフラバン-7-オール誘導体が2個重合した2量体としては、式(IV)
【0029】
【化5】
【0030】
(式中、R6およびR7ならびにR6aおよびR7aはそれぞれ前記R4およびR5と同義である)で表される結合様式をとるものがあげられ、3量体以上の重合体としては、同一または異なるこれらの結合様式の組み合わせによるものがあげられる。
本発明に用いられるプロアントシアニジンは、フラバン-7-オール誘導体の2量体以上であればよいが、好ましくは2〜10量体、より好ましくは2〜5量体、さらに好ましくは2〜3量体である。フラバン-7-オール誘導体の2量体としては、例えばエピカテキン-(4β→8)-カテキン等のエピカテキンとカテキンの結合体、エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン等のエピカテキンの2量体、カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン等のカテキンの2量体等があげられ、フラバン-7-オール誘導体の3量体としては、例えばエピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン等のエピカテキンの3量体、カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン等のカテキンの3量体、エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン-(4β→8)-カテキン等のエピカテキンとカテキンの混合3量体等があげられる。
【0031】
また、これらプロアントシアニジンに没食子酸やグルコース、ラムノース等の糖類が付加した化合物も本発明に用いられるプロアントシアニジンに含まれる。
プロアントシアニジンは、ブドウ属、リンゴ属、オオムギ属、カキ属、ココヤシ属、カカオ属、マツ属、インゲン属、ナンキンマメ属等に属するブドウ、リンゴ、オオムギ、カキ、ヤシ、カカオ、マツ、アズキ、ピーナッツ等の各種の植物から抽出精製して得られる他、化学合成によっても得ることができる。
【0032】
例えば、プロアントシアニジンの植物からの抽出精製は、次のような公知の方法で行うことができる。
原料である植物の果実、種子、葉、茎、根、根茎等を適当な時期に採取した後、そのままあるいは通常空気乾燥等の乾燥工程に付し、抽出原料とする。乾燥した植物体からプロアントシアニジンの抽出を行う場合は、公知の方法[ケミカルアンド ファーマシューティカル ブリテン(Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin), 3, 3218 (1990)および同, 40, 889-898 (1992)]に準じて行うことができる。
【0033】
すなわち、原料を粉砕もしくは細切した後、溶媒を用いて抽出を行う。抽出溶媒としては、水、エタノール、メタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコール類、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル等のエステル類等の親水性もしくは親油性の溶媒を、単独でもしくは混合溶媒として用いることができる。抽出温度は、通常0〜100℃、好ましくは5〜50℃である。抽出時間は、1時間〜10日間程度であり、溶媒量は、乾燥原料に対して通常1〜30倍重量、好ましくは5〜10倍重量である。抽出操作は、攪拌または浸漬放置により行い、必要に応じて2〜3回繰り返す。
【0034】
上記の操作で得られた粗抽出液から不溶性残渣を濾過もしくは遠心分離により取り除いた抽出液、または植物の搾汁液や樹液からのプロアントシアニジンの精製方法は、公知の分離精製方法であればどのようなものでもよいが、二相溶媒分配法、カラムクロマトグラフィー法、分取高速液体クロマトグラフィー法等を単独でもしくは組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。例えば二相溶媒分配法としては、前記の抽出液から油溶性成分や色素をn-ヘキサン、石油エーテル等により抽出除去する方法、該抽出液からn-ブタノール、メチルエチルケトン等の溶媒と水との分配により、溶媒相へプロアントシアニジンを回収する方法等があげられる。カラムクロマトグラフィー法としては、順相系シリカゲルを用いる方法、逆相系シリカゲルを用いる方法、担体としてダイヤイオンHP-20、セパビーズSP-207等を用いる吸着カラムクロマトグラフィー法、担体としてセファデックスLH-20等を用いるゲル濾過法等があげられ、これらを単独でもしくは組み合わせて用い、反復して使用することもできる。分取高速液体クロマトグラフィー法としては、オクタデシルシリカ等を用いる逆相系のカラムを用いる方法、シリカゲル等を用いる順相系のカラムを用いる方法等があげられる。
【0035】
上記精製方法により、前記の抽出液から塩類等水溶性のイオン性物質、糖類・多糖類等の非イオン性物質、油分、色素等を除去し、プロアントシアニジンを精製することができる。
また、ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジンは、アクタ デルマト ベネレオロジカ(Acta Dermato Venereologica), 78, 428-432 (1998)に記載の方法またはその方法に準じて、プロシアニジンB-1[エピカテキン-(4β→8)-カテキン]、プロシアニジンB-2[エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン]、プロシアニジンB-3[カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン]、プロシアニジンC-1[エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン-(4β→8)-エピカテキン]およびプロシアニジンC-2[カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン-(4α→8)-カテキン]は、ジャーナル オブ インヴェスティゲイティブ デルマトロジー(The Journal of Investigative Dermatology), 112, 310-316 (1999)に記載の方法またはその方法に準じてそれぞれ抽出精製することができる。
【0036】
プロアントシアニジンの化学合成による製造は、エピカテキンまたはカテキンの2量体の製造方法が記載されているジャーナル オブ ケミカル ソサエティー パーキン トランサクション I (Journal of Chemical Society, Perkin Transaction I), 1535-1543 (1983)またはフィトケミストリー(Phytochemistry), 25, 1209-1215 (1986)に記載の方法あるいはそれらに準じた方法により行うことができる。
【0037】
プロアントシアニジンを本発明の有効成分として用いる場合、プロアントシアニジンは、一種または二種以上混合してもよく、具体的な例としては、ブドウ種子由来プロアントシアニジン、リンゴ由来プロアントシアニジン、大麦由来プロアントシアニジン、マツ由来プロアントシアニジン、精製プロシアニジンオリゴマー、プロシアニジンB-1、プロシアニジンB-2、プロシアニジンB-3、プロシアニジンC-1、プロシアニジンC-2等から選ばれる一種または二種以上があげられ、中でもプロシアニジンB-1、プロシアニジンB-2、プロシアニジンB-3、プロシアニジンC-1およびプロシアニジンC-2から選ばれる一種または二種以上が好ましく用いられる。
【0038】
本発明に用いられるトコフェロールまたはトコフェロール誘導体としては、例えば市販されている天然由来品、合成品のいずれも用いることができ、また、酢酸エステルやニコチン酸エステル等の誘導体を用いることもできる。具体的には、dl-α-トコフェロール、d-α-トコフェロール、酢酸dl-α-トコフェロール、酢酸d-α-トコフェロール、ニコチン酸dl-α-トコフェロール等があげられる。
【0039】
本発明に用いられるパントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体としては、例えば市販されている天然由来品、合成品のいずれも用いることができ、パントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体であればどのようなものでもよく、具体的には、パントテン酸カルシウム、パントテン酸ナトリウム、D-パントテニルアルコール、DL-パントテニルアルコール、パントテニルエチルエーテル等があげられる。
【0040】
本発明に用いられるプロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤としては、プロテインキナーゼCを特異的に阻害するものであればいかなるものでも用いられるが、好ましくは、プロテインキナーゼC(PKC)阻害活性とプロテインキナーゼA(PKA)阻害活性を以下に示すPKC阻害活性測定法およびPKA阻害活性測定法で測定したとき、PKAの50%阻害定数(以下、PKA-IC50と略す)とPKCの50%阻害定数(以下、PKC-IC50と略す)の比(以下、PKA-IC50/PKC-IC50と略す)が3以上、好ましくは3〜109、より好ましくは10〜109であるプロテインキナーゼ阻害剤が用いられる。具体的には、カルフォスチンC、ヘキサデシルホスフォコリン、パルミトイル-DL-カルニチンおよびポリミキシンBまたはそれらの薬理学的に許容される塩等から選ばれる一種または二種以上をあげることができる。
【0041】
これらの薬理学的に許容される塩としては、塩酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、蟻酸塩、酢酸塩、安息香酸塩、マレイン酸塩、フマル酸塩、コハク酸塩、酒石酸塩、クエン酸塩、シュウ酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、トルエンスルホン酸塩、アスパラギン酸塩、グルタミン酸塩等があげられる。
PKC阻害活性測定法およびPKA阻害活性測定法について以下に示す。
【0042】
(1)PKC阻害活性測定法
PKCの阻害活性の測定は、吉川らの方法[ジャーナル オブ バイオロジカル ケミストリー(Journal of Biological Chemistry), 257, 13341 (1982)]に準じて行うことができる。
【0043】
2.5μmol酢酸マグネシウム、50μgヒストンタイプIIIS(シグマ社製)、20μgホスファチジルセリン、0.8μgダイオレイン、25nmol塩化カルシウム、5μg粗酵素(吉川らの方法によりラットの脳より部分精製したもの)および5μmolトリス塩酸緩衝液(pH7.5)を含む250μl水溶液に検体を含む前記水溶液(10μl)を加え、30℃で3分間インキュベートする。インキュベート後、1.25nmol[γ-32P]ATP(5〜10×103cpm/nmol)を加え、30℃で3分間リン酸化反応を行い、25%トリクロロ酢酸を加えて反応を停止させる。該反応液を酢酸セルロース膜(ポアサイズ0.45μm)(東洋濾紙社製)で濾過し、5%トリクロロ酢酸で4回洗浄後、該膜上に残った放射活性を測定し検体値とする。また、上記操作を検体を加えないで行い、放射活性を測定し対照値とする。
【0044】
対照値に対して、50%の検体値を示すときの検体のモル濃度を、PKCの50%阻害定数(PKC-IC50)とする。
(2)PKA阻害活性測定法
PKAの阻害活性の測定は、クオ(Kuo)らの方法[バイオケミストリー(Biochemistry), 64, 1349 (1969)]に準じて行うことができる。
【0045】
5μmolトリス塩酸緩衝液(pH6.8)、2.5μmol酢酸マグネシウム、100μgヒストンタイプIIS(シグマ社製)、0.25nmol c-AMPおよび200μg粗酵素[クオ(Kuo)らの方法により子牛の心臓より部分精製したもの]を含む250μlの水溶液に検体を含む前記水溶液(10μl)を加え、30℃で3分間インキュベートする。インキュベート後、1.25nmol[γ-32P]ATP(5〜10×103cpm/nmol)を加え、30℃で3分間リン酸化反応を行い、25%トリクロロ酢酸を加えて反応を停止させる。該反応液を酢酸セルロース膜(ポアササイズ0.45μm)(東洋濾紙社製)で濾過し、5%トリクロロ酢酸で4回洗浄後、該膜上に残った放射活性を測定し検体値とする。また、上記操作を検体を加えないで行い、放射活性を測定し対照値とする。
【0046】
対照値に対して、50%の検体値を示すときの検体のモル濃度をPKAの50%阻害定数(PKA-IC50)とする。
本発明に用いられるビオチンとしては、例えば市販されている天然由来品、合成品のいずれも用いることができ、D-ビオチンを用いてもよい。
本発明の育毛剤の剤型としては、ホスファチジン酸、あるいは該ホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを配合しうる剤型であればどのような剤型を用いることもできる。例えば、適当な医薬基剤と配合して液状または固形状の育毛剤として用いることができる。
【0047】
液状または固形状の育毛剤型としては、ヘヤーリキッド、ヘヤートニック、ヘヤーローション等の液状剤型、軟膏、ヘヤークリーム等の固形状剤型があげられ、各々好適な基剤に本発明に用いられるホスファチジン酸、あるいは該ホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを添加し、常法により製造することができる。
【0048】
本発明の育毛剤中のホスファチジン酸の含有量は、ホスファチジン酸の種類や物性に由来する経皮吸収性によって大きく異なるが、単独または混合物として通常0.01〜5.0重量%(以下、単に%という)、好ましくは0.01〜3.0%、より好ましくは、0.1〜1.0%である。プロアントシアニジンの含有量は、精製度によって異なるが、通常0.01〜10.0%、好ましくは0.1〜5.0%、より好ましくは0.3〜2.0%である。トコフェロールまたはトコフェロール誘導体の含有量は、通常0.01〜2%、好ましくは0.05〜2%、より好ましくは0.05〜1%である。パントテン酸またはパントテン酸誘導体の含有量は、通常0.01〜2%、好ましくは0.05〜1%、より好ましくは0.1〜0.5%である。プロテインキナーゼC阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩の含有量は、阻害活性の強さや物性に由来する経皮吸収性によって大きく異なるが、単独または混合物として通常0.00001〜1%、好ましくは0.0001〜1%、より好ましくは0.001〜0.1%である。ビオチンの含有量は、通常0.0001〜0.1%、好ましくは0.001〜0.1%、より好ましくは0.001〜0.05%である。
【0049】
液状剤型に好適な基剤としては、育毛剤に通常使用されているもの、例えば精製水、エチルアルコール、多価アルコール類等があげられ、必要により添加剤を添加してもよい。
多価アルコールとしては、グリセロール、1,3-ブチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等があげられる。
【0050】
添加剤としては、界面活性剤、ビタミン類、消炎剤、殺菌剤、ホルモン剤、生薬エキス、チンキ類、清涼剤、保湿剤、酸化防止剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、香料等があげられる。
界面活性剤としては、ポリオキシエチレン(60)硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン(8)オレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン(10)オレイルエーテル、モノオレイン酸ポリオキシエチレン(10)、ポリオキシエチレン(30)グリセリルモノステアレート、モノステアリン酸ソルビタン、モノステアリン酸ポリオキシエチレン(30)グリセリル、モノオレイン酸ポリオキシエチレン(20)ソルビタン、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、モノオレイン酸ヘキサグリセリン、モノラウリン酸ヘキサグリセリン、ポリオキシエチレン還元ラノリン、ポリオキシエチレン(20)ラノリンアルコール、ポリオキシエチレン(25)グリセリルピログルタミン酸イソステアリン酸ジエステル、N-アセチルグルタミンイソステアリルエステル等があげられる。
【0051】
ビタミン類としては、ニコチン酸ベンジル、ニコチン酸アミド、塩酸ピリドキシン、リボフラビン等があげられる。
消炎剤としては、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウム、β-グリチルレチン酸、アラントイン、塩酸ジフェンヒドラミン、グアイアズレン、l-メントール等があげられる。
【0052】
殺菌剤としては、トリクロロヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル、ヒノキチオール、トリクロサン、クロルヘキシジングルコン酸塩、フェノキシエタノール、レゾルシン、イソプロピルメチルフェノール、アズレン、サリチル酸、ジンクピリチオン、塩化ベンザルコニウム、感光素301号、モノニトログアヤコールナトリウム等があげられる。
【0053】
ホルモン剤としては、エチニルエストラジオール、エストロン、エストラジオール等があげられる。
生薬エキスとしては、センブリエキス、ニンニクエキス、ニンジンエキス、アロエエキス、キナエキス、冬虫夏草エキス、サフランエキス等があげられる。
チンキ類として、トウガラシチンキ、ショウキョウチンキ、カンタリスチンキ等があげられる。
【0054】
清涼剤としては、トウガラシチンキ、l-メントール、カンフル等があげられる。
保湿剤としては、L-ピロリドンカルボン酸、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、コンドロイチン硫酸等があげられる。
酸化防止剤としては、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール、イソプロピルガレート、没食子酸プロピル、エリソルビン酸等があげられる。
【0055】
金属イオン封鎖剤としては、エチレンジアミンテトラアセテートまたはその塩等があげられる。
香料としては、オレンジ油、レモン油、ベルガモット油、ライム油、レモングラス油、ラベンダー油等の天然香料およびメントール、ローズオキサイド、リナロール、シトラール、酢酸リナリル等の合成香料があげられる。
【0056】
上記の液状剤型を噴霧剤として用いるときは、可燃ガス、不燃ガス等を用いることができる。可燃ガスとしては、LPG(液化石油ガス)、ジメチルエーテル等があげられ、不燃ガスとしては、窒素ガス、炭酸ガス等があげられる。
固体状剤型の基剤としては、ワセリン、固形パラフィン、植物油、鉱物油、ラノリン、ろう類、マクロゴール等があげられ、必要により前記の添加剤、エチルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール等の低級アルコール等を添加してもよい。
【0057】
本発明の育毛剤の投与量は年齢、体重、症状、治療効果、投与方法、処理時間等により異なるが、成人一人当たり、一回にホスファチジン酸として0.1〜250mg、好ましくは1mg〜100mgが一日一回から数回、経皮投与される。
次に、実施例により本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0058】
【実施例】
上記混合物に精製水を加えて100%とし、これを攪拌しながら均一にして、組成物1を調製した。
上記組成物において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の代わりに精製水を加えて、組成物2として調製した。
【0059】
プロシアニジンB-2は、ジャーナル オブ インヴェスティゲイティブ デルマトロジー(The Journal of Investigative Dermatology), 112, 310-316 (1999)に記載の方法に従って製造した。
上記混合物に精製水を加えて100%とし、これを攪拌しながら均一にして、組成物3を調製した。
上記組成物において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の代わりに精製水を加えて、組成物4として調製した。
【0060】
上記混合物に精製水を加えて100%とし、これを攪拌しながら均一にして、組成物5を調製した。
上記組成物において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の代わりに精製水を加えて組成物6として調製した。
【0061】
上記混合物に精製水を加えて100%とし、これを攪拌しながら均一にして、組成物7を調製した。
上記組成物において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の代わりに精製水を加えて、組成物8として調製した。
【0062】
上記混合物に精製水を加えて100%とし、これを攪拌しながら均一にして、組成物9を調製した。
上記組成物において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の代わりに精製水を加えて、組成物10として調製した。
【0063】
参考例1: 1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸(1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルホスファチジン酸)の合成
1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸の合成は、ジャーナル オブ メディシナル ケミストリー (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry), 2038-2044 (1986)に記載の方法またはこれに準じた方法で行うことができる。1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセロール(フナコシ社)(20.0 mg)のクロロホルム(8.0 ml)溶液を、オキシ塩化リン700μl、トリエチルアミン1000μlおよびヘキサン50 mlの混合溶液に、室温下で攪拌しながら滴下した。15時間攪拌を行った後、精製水10 mlを加え、さらに室温下で1時間攪拌した。有機層を取得し、シリカゲル薄層クロマトグラフィープレートを用い、クロロホルム:メタノール:酢酸:水=170:25:25:6の移動相で展開したのち、目的物を含むバンドをかきとった。このシリカゲル粉にジエチルエーテルを加え、有機層を取得した。さらにこの有機層を減圧濃縮し、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸55 mgを得た。
【0064】
次に、本発明の育毛剤の作用について、試験例により具体的に示す。
試験例1: マウス毛包上皮細胞培養に対する促進効果
毛包上皮細胞の分離および培養はTanigakiらの方法[アーカイヴズ オブ デルマトロジカル リサーチ(Archives of Dermatological Research), 284, 290-296 (1992)]を改変して行った。
【0065】
すなわち、4日令のC3Hマウス(日本チャールスリバー)の背部皮膚を採取し、500単位/mlのディスパーゼ(合同酒清)および5%ウシ胎児血清(FCS)を含むMEM培地(Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium)で4℃、16時間処理した。
得られた皮膚切片から表皮を剥離し、真皮層を0.25%コラゲナーゼN-2(新田ゼラチン)および10%FCSを含むDMEM培地(Dulbecco's modified Eagle Medium)で37℃、1時間処理し真皮懸濁液を得た。真皮懸濁液を212ミクロンのナイロンメッシュ(日本理化学機械)で濾過後、濾液を1000rpmで5分間遠心分離し、毛包組織を含むペレットを得た。ペレットに、カルシウム・マグネシウムフリーPBS(Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline)溶液を加え、ピペットを用いて懸濁後、15分間静置することにより毛包組織を沈降させた。得られた毛包組織を用いて、上記ペレットで行った、カルシウム・マグネシウムフリーPBS溶液の添加、ピペットによる懸濁、15分間静置・沈降操作と同様の操作を3回繰り返した。
【0066】
得られた毛包組織に0.1%エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)−0.25%トリプシン液(ギブコ社製)を加え、37℃で5分間処理後、10%FCSを含むDMEM培地を加え、3×105/mlの細胞濃度の毛包組織細胞液を調製した。毛包組織細胞液を24穴コラーゲンコートプレート(イワキガラス社製)へ1ml/ウェルずつ播種し、37℃、5%CO2下で24時間培養を行った。
【0067】
培養後、MCDB153培地(極東製薬社製)にウシインシュリン(シグマ社製)5mg/L;マウス上皮増殖因子(EGF)(宝酒造社製)5μg/L;ウシ下垂体抽出物(極東製薬社製)40mg/L;ヒトトランスフェリン(シグマ社製)10mg/L;ハイドロコーチゾン(シグマ社製)0.4mg/L;プロゲステロン(コラボラティブ リサーチ社製)0.63μg/L;O-ホスホエタノールアミン(シグマ社製)14mg/L;エタノールアミン(シグマ社製)6.1mg/L;ペニシリン(和光社製)50U/ml;ストレプトマイシン(和光社製)50μg/ml;参考例1で得た1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸、および/またはプロシアニジンB-2もしくはdl-α-トコフェロールを含むDMSO溶液(1/100体積加えた)を添加した培地へ培地交換し、さらに、37℃、5%CO2存在下で5日間培養を行った。なお培地は一日おきに交換した。
【0068】
なお、上記培地において、1-O-オレオイル-2-O-アセチルグリセリル-3-リン酸、および/またはプロシアニジンB-2またはdl-α-トコフェロールを含むDMSO溶液の代わりにDMSOのみを1/100体積量加えた培地で培養したものを対照群とした。
細胞増殖度の測定は、MTT[3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide]を用いた方法で行った[実験医学別冊 バイオマニュアルUPシリーズ 分子生物学研究のための培養細胞実験法、89-92頁、羊土社(1995年)]。
【0069】
24穴マイクロプレート(2cm2/ウェル)の各ウェルに培養液1mlに対し1/10体積のMTTのPBS溶液(5mg/ml)を加え、揺らして均一にし、37℃、5%CO2存在下で4時間培養した。4時間後培養液を吸引し、各々のプレートに1mlの0.04mol/L HClイソプロピルアルコール溶液を加え、ウェル中に生成したフォルマザンが完全に溶けるまで混和した。
【0070】
650nmを対照とし、570nmにおける吸光度を測定し、細胞の増殖度を測定した。
本発明における化合物の増殖促進活性を第1表に示す。
【0071】
【表1】
【0072】
第1表に示すように、本発明におけるホスファチジン酸は、顕著なマウス毛包上皮細胞増殖促進活性を示した。また、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール各々のマウス毛包上皮細胞増殖促進活性は、前記ホスファチジン酸と混合することによって増強された。
試験例2: マウスの発毛に対する効果
小川らの方法[ジャーナル オブ デルマトロジー(The Journal of Dermatology), 10, 45-54 (1983)]を参考に、マウスによる発毛効果の試験を行った。
【0073】
毛周期の休止期にある9週令のC3H/HeSlc雄性マウス(一群4〜5匹)の背部毛を電気バリカンと電気シェーバーで剃毛し、実施例1〜5で作製した組成物1〜10を一日一回、剃毛部に200μlずつ均一に塗布した。組成物2を対照群とした。
試験塗布開始18日後のマウス背部皮膚を採取し、写真撮影を行った後、画像解析処理装置(アビオニクス社製、スピカII)を用いて背部皮膚全面積に対する発毛部の100分率を求め、被検薬剤群の発毛率の値から対照群の発毛率の値を差し引いた値を増加発毛面積率(%)とした。
【0074】
結果を第2表に示す。
【0075】
【表2】
【0076】
第2表に示したように、本発明に示すホスファチジン酸を含有する育毛剤では、顕著なマウスの発毛促進効果が見られた。また、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、パントテン酸誘導体、ビオチン各々の発毛促進効果は、ホスファチジン酸と混合することによって増強された。
【0077】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、1位の脂肪酸残基部分が偶数かつ直鎖の炭素鎖の脂肪酸残基から構成され、2位がアセチル基であるホスファチジン酸を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、頭髪の育毛・発毛効果に優れた育毛剤、また、ホスファチジン酸と、プロアントシアニジン、トコフェロール、トコフェロール誘導体、パントテン酸、パントテン酸誘導体、プロテインキナーゼC特異的阻害剤またはその薬理学的に許容される塩、およびビオチンからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上の成分とを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする育毛剤を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hair restorer comprising phosphatidic acid as an active ingredient.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The invention relating to hair-related cosmetics and pharmaceuticals containing phosphatidic acid includes phosphatidic acid having an odd linear carbon chain fatty acid residue, that is, formula (II)
[0003]
[Chemical 2]
[0004]
(Wherein R 2 and R 3 represent an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and at least one of R 2 and R 3 is a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon group having an even carbon chain length) A hair nourishing agent containing phosphatidic acid is known (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-41363). JP-A-61-7205 describes a cell activator containing phosphatidic acid having two branched chain fatty acid residues as an active ingredient. However, there is no known hair restorer containing phosphatidic acid having only an even-chain carbon chain fatty acid residue as a fatty acid residue and having an acetyl group at the 2-position of the glycerin residue. Further, a fatty acid having a carbon chain length of odd, cell activator is known to biotin or vitamin B 12 and the active ingredient (JP 61-15809).
[0005]
Moreover, it is known that phosphatidic acid is used as a formulation base for liposomes added to minoxidil, which is a hair-growth active ingredient, although it is not as an active ingredient of the hair-growth agent (US 5304442).
It is known that a mixture of several phospholipids containing phosphatidic acid has an inhibitory effect on hair loss (WO 97/09998), and hair restoration agents containing a phospholipid mixture are known (DE 3222016, DE 4113346).
[0006]
A hair restorer containing proanthocyanidins is described in WO 96/00561. Also, tocopherol [Hair Medicine, 283 (1987), Bunkodo; Hair Science, 80 (1986), Japan Hair Science Church], pantothenic acid and biotin [Fragrance Journal, 95-103 ( 1989), Fragrance Journal, Inc.], and protein kinase C specific inhibitors [Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, 13 , 133-142 (2000)] have hair growth action, respectively. It is known. However, one or more selected from the group consisting of phosphatidic acid and proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives, protein kinase C specific inhibitors or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, and biotin It is not known about the hair restorer which uses as an active ingredient.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a hair growth agent having phosphatidic acid as an active ingredient and having excellent hair growth / hair growth effect, and phosphatidic acid and proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives Another object of the present invention is to provide a hair restorer comprising as an active ingredient one or more components selected from the group consisting of a protein kinase C specific inhibitor or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof and biotin.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to the following.
(1) Formula (I)
[0009]
[Chemical 3]
[0010]
Wherein R 1 represents an phosphatidic acid represented by an odd linear carbon chain alkyl, an odd linear carbon chain alkenyl or an odd linear carbon chain alkynyl. Hair restorer.
[0011]
(2) The hair-restoring agent according to (1), wherein the alkyl of the odd-numbered linear carbon chain is undecyl, tridecyl, pentadecyl, or heptadecyl, and the alkenyl of the odd-numbered linear carbon chain is pentadecenyl or heptadecenyl.
[0012]
(3) The phosphatidic acid according to (1) or (2) above and proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives, protein kinase C specific inhibitors or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof And one or more components selected from the group consisting of biotin as active ingredients.
[0013]
(4) The hair restorer according to (1) or (2) above, which contains proanthocyanidins.
[0014]
(5) The above (4), wherein the proanthocyanidins are one or more proanthocyanidins selected from the group consisting of procyanidin B-1, procyanidin B-2, procyanidin B-3, procyanidin C-1 and procyanidin C-2. The hair restorer described.
[0015]
(6) The hair restorer according to any one of (1), (2), (4) and (5) above, which contains tocopherol or a tocopherol derivative.
[0016]
(7) One or two tocopherols or tocopherol derivatives selected from the group consisting of dl-α-tocopherol, d-α-tocopherol, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, d-α-tocopherol acetate and dl-α-tocopherol nicotinate The hair restorer according to the above (6), which is at least one kind of tocopherol or tocopherol derivative.
[0017]
(8) The hair restorer according to any one of (1), (2), and (4) to (7) above, which contains pantothenic acid or a pantothenic acid derivative.
[0018]
(9) One or more pantothenic acids or pantothenic acids selected from the group consisting of pantothenic acid or pantothenic acid derivatives consisting of calcium pantothenate, sodium pantothenate, D-pantothenyl alcohol, DL-pantothenyl alcohol and pantothenyl ethyl ether The hair restorer according to (8) above, which is an acid derivative.
[0019]
(10) The protein kinase C-specific inhibitor or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which is described in any one of (1), (2) and (4) to (9) above Hair restorer.
[0020]
(11) The protein kinase C-specific inhibitor is one or more protein kinase C inhibitors selected from calphostin C, hexadecylphosphocholine, palmitoyl-DL-carnitine and polymyxin B. Hair restorer.
[0021]
(12) The hair restorer according to any one of (1), (2) or (4) to (11) above, which contains biotin.
[0022]
(13) The hair restorer according to any one of (1) to (12), which does not substantially contain minoxidil.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the definition of each group of the formula (I), the odd-chain carbon chain alkyl may be, for example, 1 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 7 to 19 carbon atoms, and more specifically methyl, propyl, pentyl, heptyl, Nonyl, undecyl, tridecyl, pentadecyl, heptadecyl, nonadecyl, heneicosyl, tricosyl and the like are preferable, and undecyl, tridecyl, pentadecyl and heptadecyl are more preferable. Examples of the alkenyl having an odd straight chain include, for example, 3 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 7 to 19 carbon atoms, more specifically allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, pentadienyl, heptenyl, nonenyl, Examples include undecenyl, tridecenyl, pentadecenyl, heptadecenyl, nonadecenyl, heneicosenyl, tricosenyl, and more preferably pentadecenyl or heptadecenyl. As the alkynyl of the odd-numbered straight chain, for example, having 3 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 7 to 19, more specifically propynyl, pentynyl, heptynyl, nonyl, undecynyl, tridecynyl, pentadecynyl, heptadecynyl, nonadecynyl, heneicosinyl, Examples include tricosinyl. The number and position of unsaturated bonds in alkenyl and alkynyl are not particularly limited.
[0024]
These phosphatidic acids can be obtained mainly by chemical synthesis [see Journal of Biological Chemistry, 189 , 235-247 (1951)]. That is, it can be obtained by introducing a fatty acid at the 1st position of glycerol, introducing an acetyl group at the 2nd position of glycerol, and phosphorylating the 3rd position of glycerol. In each synthesis step, a protecting group is introduced as necessary. In addition, for example, when a phosphatidylcholine derivative is used as a raw material by enzymatic decomposition of a phospholipid derivative, the target phosphatidic acid can be obtained by hydrolyzing the phosphate bond with choline using an enzyme such as phospholipase D. [Osamu Okuyama, Biochemistry of Lipids (Biochemistry Experiment Course 3), The Biochemical Society of Japan, 289 (1974), Tokyo Chemical Doujin]. However, the production method is not limited to these, and the phosphatidic acid obtained by any method can be used in the present invention.
[0025]
The proanthocyanidins used in the present invention have the formula (III)
[0026]
[Formula 4]
[0027]
(Wherein R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group) and the like, and a compound group obtained by polymerization using a flavan-7-ol derivative represented by a structural unit.
Specific examples of the flavan-7-ol derivatives include catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, afuzeletin, and epiafzeletin. These optical isomers are all included, but in the present invention, epicatechin or catechin Of these, proanthocyanidins having a structural unit of 5 are more preferably used.
[0028]
Any form of coupling of the flavan-7-ol derivative represented by the formula (III) is included. For example, a dimer obtained by polymerizing two flavan-7-ol derivatives may be represented by the formula (IV)
[0029]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0030]
(Wherein R 6 and R 7 and R 6a and R 7a have the same meanings as R 4 and R 5 , respectively). And a combination of these same or different binding modes.
The proanthocyanidin used in the present invention may be a dimer or more of a flavan-7-ol derivative, but is preferably a 2-10 mer, more preferably a 2-5 mer, still more preferably 2-3 mer. Is the body. Examples of dimers of flavan-7-ol derivatives include epicatechin- (4β → 8) -catechin and other epicatechin-catechin conjugates, epicatechin- (4β → 8) -epicatechin and other epicatechins. Dimers, catechin dimers such as catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin, and the like, and the trimer of flavan-7-ol derivatives include, for example, epicatechin- (4β → 8) -epicatechin Epicatechin trimers such as-(4β → 8) -epicatechin, catechin-trimers such as catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin, epicatechin- (4β → 8 ) -Epicatechin- (4β → 8) -catechin and the like.
[0031]
Further, compounds obtained by adding sugars such as gallic acid, glucose, and rhamnose to these proanthocyanidins are also included in the proanthocyanidins used in the present invention.
Proanthocyanidins are grapes, apples, barleys, oysters, palms, cacao, pine, azuki bean, peanut In addition to extraction and purification from various plants such as, it can also be obtained by chemical synthesis.
[0032]
For example, extraction and purification of proanthocyanidins from plants can be performed by the following known methods.
Fruits, seeds, leaves, stems, roots, rhizomes, and the like, which are raw materials of the plant, are collected at an appropriate time and then subjected to a drying process such as air drying or the like as an extraction raw material. When proanthocyanidins are extracted from dried plant bodies, a known method [Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 3 , 3218 (1990) and 40 , 889-898 (1992)] It can be done according to this.
[0033]
That is, the raw material is pulverized or chopped and then extracted using a solvent. As the extraction solvent, hydrophilic or lipophilic solvents such as water, alcohols such as ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, and esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate may be used alone or in combination. It can be used as a solvent. The extraction temperature is usually 0-100 ° C, preferably 5-50 ° C. The extraction time is about 1 hour to 10 days, and the amount of the solvent is usually 1 to 30 times by weight, preferably 5 to 10 times by weight with respect to the dry raw material. The extraction operation is performed by stirring or dipping, and is repeated 2-3 times as necessary.
[0034]
What is the method for purifying proanthocyanidins from the extract obtained by removing insoluble residues from the crude extract obtained by the above operation by filtration or centrifugation, or the method for purifying proanthocyanidins from plant juice or sap? However, it is preferable to use a two-phase solvent distribution method, a column chromatography method, a preparative high performance liquid chromatography method alone or in combination. For example, as a two-phase solvent partitioning method, a method of extracting and removing oil-soluble components and pigments from the extract with n-hexane, petroleum ether, etc., partitioning a solvent such as n-butanol and methyl ethyl ketone from the extract with water. Can be used to recover proanthocyanidins into the solvent phase. The column chromatography method includes a method using normal phase silica gel, a method using reverse phase silica gel, an adsorption column chromatography method using Diaion HP-20, Sepabead SP-207, etc. as a carrier, and Sephadex LH- The gel filtration method using 20 etc. is mention | raise | lifted, These can be used individually or in combination, and can also be used repeatedly. Examples of the preparative high performance liquid chromatography method include a method using a reverse phase column using octadecyl silica and the like, a method using a normal phase column using silica gel and the like.
[0035]
By the above purification method, proanthocyanidins can be purified by removing water-soluble ionic substances such as salts, nonionic substances such as saccharides / polysaccharides, oils and pigments from the extract.
In addition, grape-derived proanthocyanidins can be obtained from procyanidin B-1 [epicatechin- (4β → 8)-, according to the method described in Acta Dermato Venereologica, 78 , 428-432 (1998) or according to the method thereof. Catechin], procyanidin B-2 [epicatechin- (4β → 8) -epicatechin], procyanidin B-3 [catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin], procyanidin C-1 [epicatechin- (4β → 8) -Epicatechin- (4β → 8) -epicatechin] and procyanidin C-2 [catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin- (4α → 8) -catechin] are published in The Journal of Investigative Dermatology (The Journal of Investigative Dermatology), 112 , 310-316 (1999) or according to the method.
[0036]
The production of proanthocyanidins by chemical synthesis is described in Journal of Chemical Society, Perkin Transaction I, 1535-1543 (1983), which describes a method for producing epicatechin or a dimer of catechin. Alternatively, it can be carried out by the method described in Phytochemistry, 25 , 1209-1215 (1986) or a method analogous thereto.
[0037]
When proanthocyanidins are used as the active ingredient of the present invention, the proanthocyanidins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples include grape seed-derived proanthocyanidins, apple-derived proanthocyanidins, barley-derived proanthocyanidins, One or two or more types selected from pine-derived proanthocyanidins, purified procyanidin oligomers, procyanidin B-1, procyanidin B-2, procyanidin B-3, procyanidin C-1, procyanidin C-2, etc., among which procyanidin B- One, two or more selected from 1, procyanidin B-2, procyanidin B-3, procyanidin C-1 and procyanidin C-2 are preferably used.
[0038]
As the tocopherol or tocopherol derivative used in the present invention, for example, any commercially available natural product or synthetic product can be used, and derivatives such as acetate ester and nicotinate ester can also be used. Specific examples include dl-α-tocopherol, d-α-tocopherol, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, d-α-tocopherol acetate, dl-α-tocopherol nicotinate, and the like.
[0039]
As the pantothenic acid or pantothenic acid derivative used in the present invention, for example, any commercially available natural product or synthetic product can be used, and any pantothenic acid or pantothenic acid derivative may be used. Specifically, calcium pantothenate, sodium pantothenate, D-pantothenyl alcohol, DL-pantothenyl alcohol, pantothenyl ethyl ether and the like can be mentioned.
[0040]
As the protein kinase C specific inhibitor used in the present invention, any protein kinase C specific inhibitor can be used as long as it specifically inhibits protein kinase C. Preferably, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitory activity and protein kinase A are used. When the inhibitory activity of (PKA) was measured using the following PKC inhibitory activity assay and PKA inhibitory assay, PKA 50% inhibition constant (hereinafter abbreviated as PKA-IC 50 ) and PKC 50% inhibition constant (hereinafter referred to as “PKA”) , the ratio of abbreviated as PKC-IC 50) (hereinafter, PKA-IC abbreviated as 50 / PKC-IC 50) of 3 or more, preferably 3 to 10 9, protein kinase inhibitors and more preferably from 10 to 10 9 Used. Specifically, one or two or more kinds selected from calphostin C, hexadecylphosphocholine, palmitoyl-DL-carnitine and polymyxin B, or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof can be mentioned.
[0041]
These pharmacologically acceptable salts include hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, nitrate, formate, acetate, benzoate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartaric acid. Examples thereof include salts, citrates, oxalates, methanesulfonates, toluenesulfonates, aspartates and glutamates.
A method for measuring PKC inhibitory activity and a method for measuring PKA inhibitory activity are shown below.
[0042]
(1) PKC inhibitory activity measurement method
PKC inhibitory activity can be measured according to the method of Yoshikawa et al. [Journal of Biological Chemistry, 257 , 13341 (1982)].
[0043]
2.5 μmol magnesium acetate, 50 μg histone type IIIS (manufactured by Sigma), 20 μg phosphatidylserine, 0.8 μg diolein, 25 nmol calcium chloride, 5 μg crude enzyme (partially purified from rat brain by Yoshikawa et al.) And 5 μmol Tris-HCl The aqueous solution (10 μl) containing the sample is added to a 250 μl aqueous solution containing a buffer (pH 7.5), and incubated at 30 ° C. for 3 minutes. After incubation, 1.25 nmol [γ- 32 P] ATP (5-10 × 10 3 cpm / nmol) is added, phosphorylated at 30 ° C. for 3 minutes, and 25% trichloroacetic acid is added to stop the reaction. The reaction solution is filtered through a cellulose acetate membrane (pore size 0.45 μm) (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.), washed four times with 5% trichloroacetic acid, and the radioactivity remaining on the membrane is measured to obtain a sample value. In addition, the above operation is performed without adding a sample, and the radioactivity is measured and used as a control value.
[0044]
The molar concentration of the specimen when showing a specimen value of 50% with respect to the control value is defined as the 50% inhibition constant (PKC-IC 50 ) of PKC.
(2) PKA inhibitory activity assay
The PKA inhibitory activity can be measured according to the method of Kuo et al. [Biochemistry, 64 , 1349 (1969)].
[0045]
5 μmol Tris-HCl buffer (pH 6.8), 2.5 μmol magnesium acetate, 100 μg histone type IIS (manufactured by Sigma), 0.25 nmol c-AMP and 200 μg crude enzyme [part from the calf heart by the method of Kuo et al. The aqueous solution (10 μl) containing the sample is added to 250 μl of the aqueous solution containing the purified product, and incubated at 30 ° C. for 3 minutes. After incubation, 1.25 nmol [γ- 32 P] ATP (5-10 × 10 3 cpm / nmol) is added, phosphorylated at 30 ° C. for 3 minutes, and 25% trichloroacetic acid is added to stop the reaction. The reaction solution is filtered through a cellulose acetate membrane (pore size 0.45 μm) (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.), washed 4 times with 5% trichloroacetic acid, and the radioactivity remaining on the membrane is measured to obtain a sample value. In addition, the above operation is performed without adding a sample, and the radioactivity is measured and used as a control value.
[0046]
The molar concentration of the sample when showing a sample value of 50% with respect to the control value is defined as the PKA 50% inhibition constant (PKA-IC 50 ).
As biotin used in the present invention, for example, any commercially available natural product or synthetic product can be used, and D-biotin may be used.
The dosage form of the hair restorer of the present invention includes phosphatidic acid or the phosphatidic acid and proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives, protein kinase C specific inhibitors or pharmacologically acceptable thereof. Any dosage form can be used as long as it is a dosage form in which one or more components selected from the group consisting of biotin and biotin can be blended. For example, it can be blended with an appropriate pharmaceutical base and used as a liquid or solid hair restorer.
[0047]
Examples of the liquid or solid hair-growth dosage form include liquid dosage forms such as hair liquid, hair tonic and hair lotion, and solid dosage forms such as ointment and hair cream, each of which is used in the present invention as a suitable base. It is selected from the group consisting of phosphatidic acid or the phosphatidic acid and proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives, protein kinase C specific inhibitors or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, and biotin. One or more components can be added and produced by conventional methods.
[0048]
The content of phosphatidic acid in the hair restorer of the present invention varies greatly depending on the transdermal absorbability derived from the type and physical properties of phosphatidic acid, but usually 0.01 to 5.0% by weight (hereinafter simply referred to as%) alone or as a mixture, Preferably it is 0.01 to 3.0%, More preferably, it is 0.1 to 1.0%. The content of proanthocyanidins varies depending on the degree of purification, but is usually 0.01 to 10.0%, preferably 0.1 to 5.0%, more preferably 0.3 to 2.0%. The content of the tocopherol or tocopherol derivative is usually 0.01-2%, preferably 0.05-2%, more preferably 0.05-1%. The content of pantothenic acid or pantothenic acid derivative is usually 0.01 to 2%, preferably 0.05 to 1%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5%. The content of the protein kinase C inhibitor or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof varies greatly depending on the percutaneous absorbability derived from the strength and physical properties of the inhibitory activity, but usually 0.00001 to 1% alone or as a mixture, preferably 0.0001 to 1%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1%. The content of biotin is usually 0.0001 to 0.1%, preferably 0.001 to 0.1%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.05%.
[0049]
Suitable bases for liquid dosage forms include those usually used for hair restorers, such as purified water, ethyl alcohol, polyhydric alcohols, and the like, and additives may be added as necessary.
Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include glycerol, 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol and the like.
[0050]
Examples of additives include surfactants, vitamins, anti-inflammatory agents, bactericides, hormone agents, herbal extracts, tinctures, refreshing agents, moisturizers, antioxidants, sequestering agents, and fragrances.
Surfactants include polyoxyethylene (60) hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene (8) oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene (10) oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene monooleate (10), polyoxyethylene (30) Glyceryl monostearate, sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene (30) glyceryl monostearate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate, sucrose fatty acid ester, hexaglyceryl monooleate, hexaglycerin monolaurate, polyoxy Examples thereof include ethylene-reduced lanolin, polyoxyethylene (20) lanolin alcohol, polyoxyethylene (25) glyceryl pyroglutamic acid isostearic acid diester, N-acetylglutamine isostearyl ester, and the like.
[0051]
Examples of vitamins include benzyl nicotinate, nicotinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and riboflavin.
Anti-inflammatory agents include dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, β-glycyrrhetinic acid, allantoin, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, guaiazulene, l-menthol and the like.
[0052]
Examples of bactericides include trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, hinokitiol, triclosan, chlorhexidine gluconate, phenoxyethanol, resorcin, isopropylmethylphenol, azulene, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, benzalkonium chloride, photosensitizer 301, mononitroguaiacol sodium, etc. .
[0053]
Examples of hormone agents include ethinyl estradiol, estrone, estradiol and the like.
Herbal extracts include assembly extract, garlic extract, carrot extract, aloe extract, kina extract, cordyceps extract, saffron extract and the like.
Examples of the tincture include chili tincture, ginger tincture, cantharis tincture and the like.
[0054]
Examples of the refreshing agent include chili pepper, l-menthol, camphor and the like.
Examples of the humectant include L-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate and the like.
Examples of the antioxidant include butylhydroxyanisole, isopropyl gallate, propyl gallate, erythorbic acid and the like.
[0055]
Examples of the sequestering agent include ethylenediaminetetraacetate or a salt thereof.
Examples of the fragrances include natural fragrances such as orange oil, lemon oil, bergamot oil, lime oil, lemongrass oil, and lavender oil, and synthetic fragrances such as menthol, rose oxide, linalool, citral, and linalyl acetate.
[0056]
When the above liquid dosage form is used as a spray, a combustible gas, an incombustible gas, or the like can be used. Examples of the combustible gas include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and dimethyl ether, and examples of the non-combustible gas include nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas.
Examples of solid dosage forms include petrolatum, solid paraffin, vegetable oil, mineral oil, lanolin, waxes, macrogol and the like. If necessary, the above additives, lower alcohols such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, etc. It may be added.
[0057]
The dose of the hair restorer of the present invention varies depending on age, body weight, symptoms, therapeutic effect, administration method, treatment time, etc., but 0.1 to 250 mg, preferably 1 to 100 mg as phosphatidic acid per day for each adult. It is administered transdermally once to several times.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
[0058]
【Example】
Purified water was added to the above mixture to make 100%, and this was made uniform with stirring to prepare Composition 1.
In the above composition, purified water was added instead of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate to prepare as composition 2.
[0059]
Procyanidin B-2 was produced according to the method described in The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 112 , 310-316 (1999).
Purified water was added to the above mixture to 100%, and this was made uniform with stirring to prepare Composition 3.
In the above composition, purified water was added instead of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate to prepare as composition 4.
[0060]
Purified water was added to the above mixture to make 100%, and this was made uniform with stirring to prepare Composition 5.
In the above composition, purified water was added instead of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate to prepare composition 6.
[0061]
Purified water was added to the above mixture to make 100%, and this was made uniform with stirring to prepare Composition 7.
In the above composition, purified water was added instead of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate to prepare composition 8.
[0062]
Purified water was added to the above mixture to make 100%, and this was made uniform with stirring to prepare Composition 9.
In the above composition, purified water was added instead of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate to prepare composition 10.
[0063]
Reference Example 1: Synthesis of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate (1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylphosphatidic acid)
The synthesis of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate was carried out by the method described in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2038-2044 (1986) or a method analogous thereto. It can be carried out. Stir 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglycerol (Funakoshi) (20.0 mg) in chloroform (8.0 ml) into a mixed solution of phosphorus oxychloride 700 μl, triethylamine 1000 μl and hexane 50 ml at room temperature. While dripping. After stirring for 15 hours, 10 ml of purified water was added, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The organic layer was obtained, and developed using a silica gel thin layer chromatography plate with a mobile phase of chloroform: methanol: acetic acid: water = 170: 25: 25: 6, and then a band containing the target product was scraped. Diethyl ether was added to this silica gel powder to obtain an organic layer. Further, the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 55 mg of 1-O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate.
[0064]
Next, the action of the hair restorer of the present invention will be specifically shown by test examples.
Test Example 1: Promoting effect on mouse hair follicle epithelial cell culture Hair follicle epithelial cells were isolated and cultured by the method of Tanigaki et al. [Archives of Dermatological Research, 284 , 290-296 (1992)]. Made by modification.
[0065]
That is, the back skin of 4 day old C3H mice (Nippon Charles River) was collected, and MEM medium (Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium) containing 500 units / ml dispase (joint sake) and 5% fetal calf serum (FCS) For 4 hours at 4 ° C.
The epidermis was peeled from the obtained skin section, and the dermis layer was treated with DMEM medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle Medium) containing 0.25% collagenase N-2 (Nitta gelatin) and 10% FCS for 1 hour at 37 ° C. A liquid was obtained. The dermis suspension was filtered through a 212 micron nylon mesh (Nippon Riken), and the filtrate was centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a pellet containing hair follicle tissue. A calcium / magnesium-free PBS (Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline) solution was added to the pellet, suspended using a pipette, and allowed to stand for 15 minutes to precipitate the hair follicle tissue. Using the obtained follicular tissue, the same operations as in the above pellet addition of calcium / magnesium-free PBS solution, suspension with a pipette, and 15-minute standing / sedimentation were repeated three times.
[0066]
To the obtained hair follicle tissue, 0.1% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) -0.25% trypsin solution (manufactured by Gibco) was added, treated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then added with DMEM medium containing 10% FCS, 3 × 10 5 A hair follicle tissue cell solution with a cell concentration of / ml was prepared. The hair follicle tissue cell solution was seeded at 1 ml / well on a 24-well collagen-coated plate (manufactured by Iwaki Glass Co., Ltd.) and cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 24 hours.
[0067]
After culture, MCDB153 medium (manufactured by Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) bovine insulin (manufactured by Sigma) 5 mg / L; mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) (manufactured by Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd.) 5 μg / L; 40 mg / L; human transferrin (manufactured by Sigma) 10 mg / L; hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma) 0.4 mg / L; progesterone (manufactured by Collaborative Research) 0.63 μg / L; O-phosphoethanolamine (manufactured by Sigma) 14 mg / L; ethanolamine (Sigma) 6.1 mg / L; penicillin (Wako) 50 U / ml; streptomycin (Wako) 50 μg / ml; 1-O-oleoyl-2- obtained in Reference Example 1 The medium was changed to a medium supplemented with DMSO solution (added 1/100 volume) containing O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate and / or procyanidin B-2 or dl-α-tocopherol. Culturing was performed in the presence of% CO 2 for 5 days. The medium was changed every other day.
[0068]
In the above medium, 1 / O-oleoyl-2-O-acetylglyceryl-3-phosphate and / or DMSO alone was used instead of DMSO solution containing procyanidin B-2 or dl-α-tocopherol. What was cultured with the culture medium which added 100 volume amount was made into the control group.
Cell proliferation was measured by a method using MTT [3- (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] [Experimental Medicine Separate Volume BioManual UP Series Molecular Biology Research Cultured cell experiment method for pp. 89-92, Yodosha (1995)].
[0069]
To each well of a 24-well microplate (2 cm 2 / well), add 1/10 volume of MTT in PBS (5 mg / ml) to 1 ml of the culture, shake to homogenize, and in the presence of 37 ° C and 5% CO 2 For 4 hours. After 4 hours, the culture solution was aspirated, 1 ml of 0.04 mol / L HCl isopropyl alcohol solution was added to each plate, and mixed until the formazan formed in the wells was completely dissolved.
[0070]
The absorbance at 570 nm was measured using 650 nm as a control, and the degree of cell proliferation was measured.
The growth promoting activity of the compounds in the present invention is shown in Table 1.
[0071]
[Table 1]
[0072]
As shown in Table 1, the phosphatidic acid in the present invention showed a remarkable mouse hair follicle epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity. Further, the mouse hair follicle epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity of each of proanthocyanidins and tocopherols was enhanced by mixing with phosphatidic acid.
Test Example 2: Effect on hair growth in mice A test of hair growth effect in mice was performed with reference to the method of Ogawa et al. [The Journal of Dermatology, 10 , 45-54 (1983)].
[0073]
Compositions 1 to 10 prepared in Examples 1 to 5 were obtained by shaving back hair of 9 week old C3H / HeSlc male mice (4 to 5 mice per group) in the resting period of the hair cycle with an electric clipper and an electric shaver. Was applied evenly to the shaved part once a day. Composition 2 served as a control group.
After collecting the dorsal skin of the mouse 18 days after the start of the test application and taking a picture, the image analysis processing device (Avionics, Spica II) was used to determine the percentage of hair growth on the total area of the back skin, The value obtained by subtracting the value of the hair growth rate of the control group from the value of the hair growth rate of the test drug group was defined as the increased hair growth area ratio (%).
[0074]
The results are shown in Table 2.
[0075]
[Table 2]
[0076]
As shown in Table 2, with the hair restorer containing phosphatidic acid shown in the present invention, a remarkable effect of promoting hair growth in mice was observed. In addition, the hair growth promoting effects of proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, pantothenic acid derivatives, and biotin were enhanced by mixing with phosphatidic acid.
[0077]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the fatty acid residue part at the 1-position is composed of an even and straight chain fatty acid residue, and the phosphatidic acid having an acetyl group at the 2-position is contained as an active ingredient, Hair growth agent with excellent hair growth and hair growth effects, phosphatidic acid, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocopherol derivatives, pantothenic acid, pantothenic acid derivatives, protein kinase C specific inhibitors or pharmacologically acceptable It is possible to provide a hair growth agent characterized by containing, as an active ingredient, one or more components selected from the group consisting of a salt and biotin.
Claims (12)
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| JP2002032420A JP3773454B2 (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2002-02-08 | Hair restorer |
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| JP2001040350 | 2001-02-16 | ||
| JP2001-40350 | 2001-02-16 | ||
| JP2002032420A JP3773454B2 (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2002-02-08 | Hair restorer |
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| JP3773454B2 true JP3773454B2 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
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