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JP3776038B2 - Styrenic resin particles and method for producing expandable styrene resin particles - Google Patents
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JP3776038B2 - Styrenic resin particles and method for producing expandable styrene resin particles - Google Patents

Styrenic resin particles and method for producing expandable styrene resin particles Download PDF

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JP3776038B2
JP3776038B2 JP2001394510A JP2001394510A JP3776038B2 JP 3776038 B2 JP3776038 B2 JP 3776038B2 JP 2001394510 A JP2001394510 A JP 2001394510A JP 2001394510 A JP2001394510 A JP 2001394510A JP 3776038 B2 JP3776038 B2 JP 3776038B2
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weight
styrene
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particles
monomer
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JP2003192704A (en
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恭伸 萬里小路
雅也 佐藤
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Sekisui Kasei Co Ltd
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Sekisui Kasei Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、スチレン系樹脂粒子及び発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法に関する。更に詳しくは、本発明は、水性媒体中に懸濁をせしめたスチレン系重合体粒子にスチレン系単量体を添加し重合せしめる際に発生する微粒子及び微粉末の生成を抑制し、粒度の揃ったスチレン系樹脂粒子及び発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子を効率よく製造する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
スチレン系樹脂粒子(以下、単に樹脂粒子ともいう)は、主にスチレン系単量体を水性媒体中で重合開始剤の存在下で懸濁重合させることにより製造されていた。しかし、この懸濁重合で得られる樹脂粒子は粒度分布幅が広いため、用途に応じて篩分級し使い分けていた。
【0003】
近年になって、目的とする粒度を高収率で得る重合方法として、懸濁重合によって得られたスチレン系樹脂粒子(以下、シード粒子ともいう)を予め篩い分けによって所望する粒子径の粒子のみを取り出し、これを水性媒体中に懸濁させ、スチレン系単量体を連続的もしくは断続的に添加し、重合開始剤存在下で重合させる、通称シード重合法が提案されている。この方法によれば、懸濁せしめた粒子の均一度に応じ、所望する狭い粒度分布を有する樹脂粒子を製造できる。
【0004】
しかしながら、シード重合法では、重合時に粒子が相互に合着したり、微粉末が大量に発生したりするため、製造効率が低下するという問題があった。更に、脱水時や乾燥後に、合着粒子や微粉末を分離するための篩工程を必要としたり、合着粒子や微粉末が製品に混入して成形時にトラブルを起こしたり、品質に影響を及ぼしたりと、多々問題を抱えていた。
【0005】
かかる問題に対し、種々の方法が提案されてきた。つい最近においては、重合開始時のスチレン部(スチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量)に対するスチレン系単量体の割合を25〜35重量%の範囲になるよう重合を開始させる方法(特許第3054014号公報)により、合着粒子や微粉末の発生が実用上支障のない程度まで抑制されてきたことが報告されている。
【0006】
しかし、上記公報に記載されているように初期に懸濁させておくシード粒子を重量で2倍以上に成長させるだけのスチレン系単量体を添加し重合をせしめる方法においては、スチレン系単量体を一度に入れると微粉末が多く発生しやすいため、スチレン系単量体の添加時間を3時間以上と長くする必要があった。
【0007】
また、発生した微粉末が正常な樹脂粒子に混入すると、樹脂粒子を輸送する際に管内壁に付着し輸送管を詰まらせるという問題を生じる。更に、樹脂粒子に発泡剤を含浸させて得られる発泡性樹脂粒子の場合、発泡成形金型の蒸気孔を詰まらせたりする原因となる。更に型内成形して得られる発泡成形品の外観を損ねる等の弊害をもたらす。
【0008】
以上のように、品質を損ねることなく微粉末の発生を限りなく減少させていくことと、反応時間を短縮し製造効率を上げることが望まれている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の発明者等は、懸濁重合系に存在する各成分の使用量を鋭意検討することで、最終製品の品質を損なうことなくシード重合法で発生する微粉末の発生をより抑制すると共に、それらの除去工程を削減し、更に重合時間の短縮を可能にし、製造効率を上げることができるスチレン系樹脂粒子及び発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法を見い出し、本発明にいたった。
【0010】
かくして本発明によれば、スチレン系重合体粒子を水性媒体中に懸濁させ、この水性懸濁液にスチレン系単量体を添加し、重合開始剤の存在下で懸濁重合を行うことでスチレン系樹脂粒子を製造するに際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で、スチレン系単量体を連続的もしくは断続的に供給することを特徴とするスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法が提供される。
【0011】
更に、本発明によれば、スチレン系重合体粒子を水性媒体中に懸濁させ、この水性懸濁液にスチレン系単量体を添加し、重合開始剤の存在下で懸濁重合を行うと共に、発泡剤を含浸させて発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子を製造するに際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で、スチレン系単量体を連続的もしくは断続的に供給することを特徴とする発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法が提供される。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、シード重合法によるスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造に際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子(シード粒子)の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で重合が行なわれる。
【0013】
なお、本発明の発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法は、懸濁重合時に発泡剤を含浸させる工程が更に追加されていること以外は、スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法と同じである。従って、特に断らない限り、用語「樹脂粒子」には、発泡性樹脂粒子も含まれる。
【0014】
重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)に対してシード粒子の重量(A)が0.46X未満の場合、スチレン系単量体の吸収率が低下し、未吸収分が微粉末として発生し易くなる。一方、1.22Xより多い場合、合着粒子や粗大粒子が発生してしまう。より好ましいAの範囲は、0.80X以上、1.10X以下である。
【0015】
また、シード粒子の重量(A)とスチレン系単量体の重量(B)に合わせて重合終了時の水性媒体量(Y)を1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)に伴い変化させないと、合着粒子や微粉末が発生してしまう。より好ましいA+Bの範囲は、1.4Y以上、1.5Y以下である。
【0016】
更に、シード粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%より多い場合、シード粒子がスチレン系単量体に溶解してしまい、スチレン系単量体の吸収能がなくなり、微粉末の生成量が増加する傾向がある。スチレン系単量体の割合は、25〜45重量%であることが好ましく、更に34〜45重量%であることが好ましい。単量体の添加量を25重量%以上とすることで、シード粒子を十分に軟化でき、スチレン系単量体の重合体内への吸収速度を上げることができる。その結果、微粉末の発生、重量平均分子量分布が均一な樹脂粒子を得ることができる。更に、発泡性樹脂粒子の場合、発泡セルサイズを均一にすることができる。
【0017】
本発明において、懸濁重合は、スチレン系重合体粒子をシード粒子として使用するいわゆるシード重合法により行われる。本発明において用いるシード粒子としては、スチレンの単独重合体や、50重量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上のスチレン成分と他の重合可能な単量体との共重合体等が用いられる。上記共重合可能な単量体としては、α−メチルスチレン、アクリロニトリル、アクリル又はメタクリル酸と1〜8個の炭素数を有するアルコールとのエステル、無水マレイン酸、N−ビニルカルバゾール等が挙げられる。
【0018】
シード重合法において、シード粒子の粒子径が、ある狭い範囲内にあれば得られる樹脂粒子の粒子径もよく揃ったものとなる。すなわち、予め粒径の揃ったシード粒子を用いて重合を行うことにより、用途に応じた所望とする粒径の樹脂粒子を、例えば0.3〜0.5mm、0.5〜0.7mm、0.7〜1.2mm、1.2〜1.5mm、1.5〜2.5mmのように狭い範囲に区分して、しかも区分毎にほぼ100%の収率で得ることができる。
【0019】
シード粒子は、懸濁重合法によって得られた重合体粒子を一旦ふるい分級し、粒径が平均粒径の±20%の範囲になるように調整するか、塊状重合法により得る場合には、所望の粒径にペレタイズすることで得られた粒子を使用することができる。
【0020】
シード粒子の使用量は、重合終了時の重合体全量(シード粒子も含む)に対して、10〜75重量%であることが好ましく、より好ましくは15〜50重量%である。シード粒子の使用量が10重量%未満ではスチレン系単量体を供給する際に、樹脂粒子の重合率を適正範囲に制御することが困難となり、得られる粒子が高分子量化したり、微粉末が多量に発生し、その結果製造効率が低下したりする等工業的に不利となる。逆に75重量%を越えると優れた成形性が得難くなる。
【0021】
また、シード粒子の重量平均分子量は、200000〜350000の範囲であることが好ましく、更に好ましくは220000〜300000の範囲である。
【0022】
本発明においてスチレン系単量体としては、スチレンや、α−メチルスチレン、パラメチルスチレン等のスチレン誘導体を単独もしくは混合して用いることができる。またジビニルベンゼン、アルキレングリコールジメタクリレート等の2官能性単量体を併用してもよい。更にアクリル又はメタクリル酸と1〜8個の炭素数を有するアルコールとのエステル、アクリロニトリル、ジメチルフマレート等のスチレンと共重合可能な各種単量体を併用することもできる。
【0023】
水性媒体としては、水、水と水溶性溶媒との混合液が挙げられる。水溶性溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール等のアルコールが挙げられる。
【0024】
本発明の発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造において用いる発泡剤としては、沸点が重合体の軟化点以下である易揮発性を有する、例えばプロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ヘキサン、HCFC−141b、HCFC−142b、HCFC−124、HFC−134a、HFC−152a等の発泡剤が好ましい。これらの発泡剤は、単独もしくは2種以上を併用して用いることができる。発泡剤の使用量は、得られる樹脂粒子100重量部に対して、1〜10重量部の範囲であることが好ましく、更に好ましくは2〜7重量部である。また上記発泡剤の添加は、重合前、重合中、重合後のいずれの時点でもよいが、通常重合後期あるいは重合後に圧入して添加することで樹脂粒子に含浸させる。
【0025】
本発明における重合開始剤としては、スチレンの懸濁重合において一般に使用されるラジカル発生型重合開始剤を用いることができる。例えばベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ラウリルパーオキサイド、t−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、t−ブチルパーオキシピバレート、t−ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、t−ブチルパーオキシアセテート、2、2−t−ブチルパーオキシブタン、t−ブチルパーオキシ3、3、5トリメチルヘキサノエート、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキシヘキサハイドロテレフタレート等の有機過酸化物やアゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビスジメチルバレロニトリル等のアゾ化合物が挙げられる。これらの重合開始剤は、単独で又は2種以上併用して用いることができる。
【0026】
特に、樹脂粒子の分子量を調整し、残存単量体を減少させるために、10時間の半減期を得るための分解温度が50〜80℃の範囲にある重合開始剤と、分解温度が80〜120℃の範囲にある異なる重合開始剤とを併用することが好ましい。そのような重合開始剤の組み合わせとして、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドとt−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ラウリルパーオキサイドとt−ブチルパオキシアセテート等の組み合わせが挙げられる。なお、分解温度が80〜120℃の高温分解型の重合開始剤を使用した場合、この開始剤が分解する温度以上に水性媒体を更に加熱し、この温度を通常30分以上保持して重合を完結させることが好ましい。
【0027】
上記の重合開始剤は、直接水性懸濁液中に添加すると、シード粒子に均一に吸収されにくくなるので、水性媒体に懸濁又は乳化させた状態で添加するか、あるいは少量のスチレン系単量体に溶解し、無機系懸濁安定剤とアニオン界面活性剤とを加え水性懸濁液として添加することが望ましい。
【0028】
なお、重合開始剤をシード粒子の表層に限らず、できるだけ内部にも拡散させることが、反応上あるいは品質上重要である。重合開始剤をシード粒子の内部にまで拡散して含有させることにより、粒子表層部と粒子内部とでほぼ均等な反応が行われ、均一性な重量平均分子量の樹脂粒子が得られる。重合開始剤をシード粒子の内部まで拡散させるためには、適量のスチレン系単量体をシード粒子に吸収させ、シード粒子を適度に軟化させておくことが有効である。シード粒子を適度に軟化させることにより、重合開始剤を含有するスチレン系単量体の吸収が促進され重合開始剤の吸収が促進できる。その結果、微粉末の生成が抑制できる。重合開始前に添加されるスチレン系単量体総量の割合がシード粒子と加えたスチレン系単量体との総量の合計に対して25重量%未満では、シード粒子が十分に軟化されず、重合開始剤を含むスチレン系単量体懸濁液のシード粒子内への吸収速度が遅くなり、重合開始剤の吸収が遅れる。この場合、シード粒子表層に重合開始剤を含有するスチレン系単量体が過度に多く付着することになり、重合開始剤がシード粒子内に吸収される前に粒子表面への付着と水性懸濁液への離脱を繰り返し、微粉末の発生が増加してくる。また、シード粒子の軟化が不足した場合、品質的にも得られる樹脂粒子内の重量平均分子量分布や発泡セルサイズの均一性を欠くことになる。よって、重合開始剤を使用する観点からもスチレン系単量体の添加量は25重量%以上が好ましい。
【0029】
本発明において、シード粒子を水性媒体中に懸濁させるために懸濁安定剤を用いることが好ましい。懸濁安定剤としては、従来、懸濁重合において一般に使用されている公知の懸濁安定剤を使用することができる。例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、メチルセルロース、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルピロリドン等の水溶性高分子や、第三リン酸カルシウム、ピロリン酸マグネシウム等の難溶性無機化合物等が挙げられる。難溶性無機化合物を用いる場合には、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ等のアニオン界面活性剤を併用することが好ましい。
【0030】
本発明におけるシード重合法において、可塑剤、発泡セル造核剤、充填剤、難燃剤、難燃助剤、滑剤、着色剤等、発泡性樹脂粒子を製造する際に用いられる添加剤を、必要に応じて適宜使用してもよい。
【0031】
本発明では、シード粒子の径が大きくなると重合開始剤の吸収効率及び内部拡散が小さくなり、分子量が高くなる傾向を示し、また重合終了後の樹脂粒子に対してシード粒子の使用量が少ないと、スチレン系単量体供給時の重合率の制御が難しくなり反応時間も延長し、分子量調節が困難となりやすい。樹脂粒子の重量平均分子量を、普通の成形に適合する範囲に調整するには、重合開始剤を効率よく働かせることが重要であり、無駄な分解を防ぎ重合工程全域でラジカル発生するような重合開始剤の分配、重合温度プログラム、単量体供給速度、重合時の重合率調整等の制御をすることが好ましい。
【0032】
重合開始剤の分配、重合温度プログラム及び単量体供給速度は相互に関係しており、これらのバランスがとれていれば、重合率が低下し過ぎることによる重合時間の延長を防ぎ、微粉末が多量に生成することを防ぎ、重合開始剤の効率の低下を防ぐことができる。スチレン系単量体の重合に要する重合開始剤の全量を重合開始前に添加した場合、重合開始剤の効率を高めるために、スチレン系単量体を比較的低い温度から供給し始め、重合開始剤のラジカルが適度に発生するように温度勾配をつけて加熱しながら連続的又は断続的に供給することが望ましい。スチレン系単量体の供給が終了した時点では、比較的温度が高くなっており、残存する重合開始剤は適度に消費されており、樹脂粒子の分子量を適度に調節することもできる。
【0033】
本発明では、スチレン系単量体を水性懸濁液として添加し、シード粒子に吸収させる。スチレン系単量体は、シード粒子に対して3〜20重量%の範囲で使用することが好ましい。添加量が3重量%未満では、シード粒子を軟化させて無機系懸濁安定剤を吸着させるに十分な効果が得られず、20重量%を超えると大容量のスチレン系単量体の水性懸濁液を作成する必要があり、工業的に不利となる。
【0034】
ここで、スチレン系単量体を水性懸濁液中に直接添加すると、シード粒子の表面が溶解されてシード粒子同士が結合しやすくなることから、最初に加えるスチレン系単量体は、水に比較的少量のピロリン酸マグネシウム等の難溶性無機化合物粉末(無機系懸濁安定剤)とドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ等のアニオン界面活性剤とを加えた水性媒体中に懸濁状態に分散させて水性懸濁液として添加することが好ましい。スチレン系単量体を水性懸濁液として添加することにより、シード粒子は、表面がスチレン系単量体の微粒子油滴で濡れ、スチレン系単量体がシード粒子中に均等に吸収されて行くと共に、無機系懸濁安定剤を吸着して懸濁安定化させることができる。このようにしてシード粒子表面に無機系懸濁安定剤が吸着されて懸濁安定化すれば、シード粒子が合着結合することが防止されるので、後はスチレン系単量体をそのまま添加しても支障がない。
【0035】
シード重合法において、重合開始剤をいかに効率よくシード粒子に吸収させるかということが微粉末発生の抑制に関係している。仮に重合開始剤が全量、シード粒子に吸収されておれば、供給されるスチレン系単量体が水性懸濁液中で重合することなくそのままシード粒子に吸収され、その結果微粉末が発生しない。すなわちスチレン系単量体を、水性懸濁液中で油滴状に分散した状態で重合が進行しないようして、シード粒子中に効果的に吸収させることによって微粉末の生成が防止されることとなる。重合開始剤をシード粒子中に、できるだけ速やかに、効率的に、しかも均一に吸収させるためには、重合開始剤を予めスチレン系単量体に溶解し、しかも水性懸濁液として添加することが有効である。
【0036】
本発明において、得られる樹脂粒子は、シード粒子の重量平均分子量と重合して得られる樹脂粒子の重量平均分子量とがほぼ同等となるようにすることが望ましい。より具体的には、重量平均分子量は、200000〜350000とすること好ましく、より好ましくは220000〜300000である。この範囲にすることで、樹脂粒子の品質を向上させることができる。
【0037】
【実施例】
実施例1
100リットルの反応器に、純水10kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ6.5g、ピロリン酸マグネシウム136gを入れ、粒子径が0.36〜0.71mmのポリスチレン粒子(スチレンをピロリン酸マグネシウム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダを使用した水性媒体中で、通常の懸濁重合を行って得たシード粒子)10kgを加えて攪拌し懸濁させた。
【0038】
次いで、予め用意した純水2kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ3.3g、ピロリン酸マグネシウム15g及びポリスチレン粒子に対して10重量%に相当するスチレン1kgをホモミキサーで攪拌して懸濁液を調製し、この懸濁液を75℃に保持した反応器に添加し、15分間ポリスチレン粒子に吸収させた。
【0039】
続いて、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド163g、t−ブチルパーベンゾエート8.4gをスチレン2kgに溶解して純水2kgに加え、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ2.6gを添加し、ホモミキサーで攪拌して懸濁液とし、これを反応器に添加し、20分間ポリスチレン粒子に吸収させた後に、スチレンを連続的に400g/min及び純水を連続的に250g/minの速度でそれぞれ80分間供給しながら、スチレンと純水の供給終了時に108℃になるように反応器を昇温した。引き続き120℃に昇温し60分間保持した後、シクロヘキサン760gを純水2kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ2.0g、ピロリン酸マグネシウム15gの溶液に加え、ホモミキサーで攪拌し懸濁液として反応器に添加し、100℃としてブタン5400gを圧入し、2時間保持した後、常温まで冷却して取り出し、粒子径が0.60〜1.00mmの発泡性ポリスチレン粒子を得た。発泡性ポリスチレン粒子の洗浄時に、JIS1000μm篩を通過しない合着粒子、及びJIS500μm篩を通過する微粉末を除きその重量を測定した。その結果を表3に示す。更に、微粉末を除いた後の粒子の平均粒径(D50)及び粒度分布(ピーク3メッシュ)を表3に示す。
【0040】
なお、ピーク3メッシュとはJIS標準ふるい目開き2.36mm(7.5メッシュ)、目開き2.00mm(8.6メッシュ)、目開き1.70mm(10メッシュ)、目開き1.40mm(12メッシュ)、1.18mm(14メッシュ)、目開き1.00mm(16メッシュ)、目開き0.85mm(18メッシュ)、目開き0.71mm(22メッシュ)、0.60mm(26メッシュ)、目開き0.50mm(30メッシュ)、目開き0.425mm(36メッシュ)、目開き0.355mm(42メッシュ)、0.300mm(50メッシュ)、目開き0.250mm(60メッシュ)、目開き0.212mm(70メッシュ)、目開き0.180mm(83メッシュ)で分級し、累積重量分布曲線を基にして累積重量が50%となる粒径(メディアン径)を平均粒径(D50)とし、D50の粒径が属する範囲から分布割合の多い3メッシュの範囲の粒度分布割合を合計した値を意味する。
【0041】
次いで、発泡性ポリスチレン粒子を脱水、乾燥した後、表面処理剤としてジンクステアレート45g、ヒドロキシステアリン酸トリグリセライド23gを粒子表面に被覆処理し、予備発泡機で水蒸気を用いて加熱発泡し、嵩倍数60倍の予備発泡粒子を得た。予備発泡粒子を、内寸300×400×100mm型枠を有する金型を備えた発泡ビーズ自動成形機(積水工機製作所製 エース3型)を用いて成形を行い、発泡成形体について融着度、表面状態及び外観等の品質を評価した。その結果を表3に示す。
【0042】
実施例2
100リットルの反応器に、純水12kg入れ、スチレンを連続的に400g/min及び純水を連続的に200g/minの速度でそれぞれ80分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0043】
実施例3
スチレンを連続的に256g/min及び純水を連続的に125g/minの速度でそれぞれ125分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0044】
比較例1
100リットルの反応器に、純水を40kg入れたこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0045】
比較例2
100リットルの反応器に、純水20kg入れ、スチレンを連続的に200g/min及び純水を連続的に87.5g/minの速度で160分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0046】
比較例3
100リットルの反応器に、純水を30kg入れ、スチレンを連続的に200g/minの速度で160分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0047】
比較例4
100リットルの反応器に、純水を8kg入れ、スチレンを連続的に256g/min及び純水を連続的に176g/minの速度で125分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0048】
比較例5
純水を連続的に150g/minの速度で80分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0049】
比較例6
100リットルの反応器に、純水を8kg入れ、純水を連続的に175g/minの速度で80分間供給したこと以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
【0050】
なお、シード粒子の重量(A)、重合開始時の水の重量(X)、スチレン単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水の重量(Y)をまとめて表1に示す。更に、式0.46X≦A≦1.22X及び式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Yに実施例及び比較例のA、B、X及びYの値を当てはめたときの値を表2に示す。
【0051】
【表1】

Figure 0003776038
【0052】
【表2】
Figure 0003776038
【0053】
【表3】
Figure 0003776038
【0054】
なお、表3中、成形品の融着が80%以上で成形品表面に粉末付着も無く外観が良好なものを○、上記の品質及び外観を満たさないものを△、△より更に満たさないものを×で示す。
【0055】
表3から、式0.46X≦A≦1.22X、式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)、かつポリスチレンとスチレン単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で懸濁重合を行なった実施例では、重合時間を短くしても微粒子等の発生が抑制され、その結果、得られる成形品の品質等を向上できることがわかった。
【0056】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、シード重合法によるスチレン系樹脂粒子又は発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造に際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子(シード粒子)の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で重合が行なわれる。
【0057】
その結果、重合時間を短縮することが可能で、樹脂粒子が相互に合着した合着粒子の生成が防止されると共に、従来よりも微粉末の発生が抑制され、粒度がよく揃ったスチレン系重合体粒子を高収率で得ることができ、生産性が大きく向上するという優れた効果を奏する。また、本発明により得られた発泡性スチレン系重合体粒子は、発泡成形性に優れ、品質及び外観の良好な発泡成形体を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing styrene resin particles and expandable styrene resin particles. More specifically, the present invention suppresses the formation of fine particles and fine powder generated when a styrenic monomer is added to a styrenic polymer particle suspended in an aqueous medium and polymerized, thereby achieving a uniform particle size. The present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing styrene resin particles and expandable styrene resin particles.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Styrenic resin particles (hereinafter also simply referred to as resin particles) have been produced mainly by suspension polymerization of styrene monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymerization initiator. However, since the resin particles obtained by this suspension polymerization have a wide particle size distribution range, they are classified and used properly according to the application.
[0003]
In recent years, as a polymerization method for obtaining a desired particle size in a high yield, only particles having a desired particle diameter are obtained by pre-sieving styrene resin particles (hereinafter also referred to as seed particles) obtained by suspension polymerization. A so-called seed polymerization method has been proposed in which a styrene monomer is added continuously or intermittently and polymerized in the presence of a polymerization initiator. According to this method, resin particles having a desired narrow particle size distribution can be produced according to the uniformity of the suspended particles.
[0004]
However, the seed polymerization method has a problem that the production efficiency is lowered because particles are coalesced with each other and a large amount of fine powder is generated during polymerization. In addition, after dehydration and after drying, a sieving process is required to separate the coalesced particles and fine powder, or the coalesced particles and fine powder are mixed into the product, causing trouble during molding, and affecting the quality. I had a lot of problems.
[0005]
Various methods have been proposed for this problem. More recently, the polymerization is initiated such that the ratio of the styrene monomer to the styrene portion (total amount of styrene polymer and styrene monomer) at the start of polymerization is in the range of 25 to 35% by weight ( (Patent No. 3054014) reports that the generation of coalesced particles and fine powders has been suppressed to a point where there is no practical problem.
[0006]
However, as described in the above publication, in the method of adding a styrenic monomer that allows the seed particles to be initially suspended to grow twice or more by weight to be polymerized, the styrenic monomer When a body is put at once, a lot of fine powder is likely to be generated, so it was necessary to increase the addition time of the styrene monomer to 3 hours or more.
[0007]
Further, when the generated fine powder is mixed into normal resin particles, there arises a problem that when the resin particles are transported, they adhere to the inner wall of the tube and clog the transport tube. Furthermore, in the case of expandable resin particles obtained by impregnating a resin particle with a foaming agent, it may cause clogging of the vapor holes of the foam molding die. Furthermore, it brings about adverse effects such as deteriorating the appearance of the foam molded product obtained by in-mold molding.
[0008]
As described above, it is desired to reduce the generation of fine powders as much as possible without deteriorating the quality, shorten the reaction time, and increase the production efficiency.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention, by intensively examining the amount of each component present in the suspension polymerization system, further suppresses the generation of fine powder generated by the seed polymerization method without impairing the quality of the final product. The present inventors have found a method for producing styrene resin particles and expandable styrene resin particles that can reduce the removal step, further shorten the polymerization time, and increase production efficiency, and have arrived at the present invention.
[0010]
Thus, according to the present invention, styrene polymer particles are suspended in an aqueous medium, a styrene monomer is added to the aqueous suspension, and suspension polymerization is performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator. When manufacturing styrene resin particles,
The weight (A) of the styrenic polymer particles and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y ), And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. There is provided a method for producing styrene resin particles, characterized in that the monomer is continuously or intermittently supplied.
[0011]
Furthermore, according to the present invention, styrene polymer particles are suspended in an aqueous medium, a styrene monomer is added to the aqueous suspension, and suspension polymerization is performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator. In producing foamable styrene resin particles by impregnating a foaming agent,
The weight (A) of the styrenic polymer particles and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y ), And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. There is provided a process for producing expandable styrene resin particles, characterized in that the monomer is continuously or intermittently supplied.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when producing styrene resin particles by seed polymerization,
The weight (A) of the styrene polymer particles (seed particles) and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. Done.
[0013]
The method for producing expandable styrene resin particles of the present invention is the same as the method for producing styrene resin particles, except that a step of impregnating a foaming agent during suspension polymerization is further added. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the term “resin particles” includes expandable resin particles.
[0014]
When the weight (A) of the seed particles is less than 0.46X with respect to the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization, the absorption rate of the styrene-based monomer decreases, and unabsorbed matter is generated as fine powder. It becomes easy. On the other hand, when it is more than 1.22X, coalescence particles and coarse particles are generated. A more preferable range of A is 0.80X or more and 1.10X or less.
[0015]
Further, the amount of aqueous medium (Y) at the end of polymerization is set to 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y) in accordance with the weight of seed particles (A) and the weight of styrene monomer (B). If the change is not accompanied, coalescence particles and fine powder are generated. A more preferable range of A + B is 1.4Y or more and 1.5Y or less.
[0016]
Furthermore, when the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the seed particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is more than 45% by weight, the seed particles are dissolved in the styrene monomer. As a result, the ability to absorb the styrene monomer is lost, and the amount of fine powder produced tends to increase. The proportion of the styrene monomer is preferably 25 to 45% by weight, and more preferably 34 to 45% by weight. By making the addition amount of the monomer 25% by weight or more, the seed particles can be sufficiently softened, and the absorption rate of the styrene monomer into the polymer can be increased. As a result, it is possible to obtain resin particles in which fine powder is generated and the weight average molecular weight distribution is uniform. Furthermore, in the case of foamable resin particles, the foamed cell size can be made uniform.
[0017]
In the present invention, the suspension polymerization is performed by a so-called seed polymerization method using styrene polymer particles as seed particles. As seed particles used in the present invention, a styrene homopolymer, a copolymer of 50% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more of a styrene component and another polymerizable monomer, or the like is used. Examples of the copolymerizable monomer include α-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, acrylic or methacrylic acid and an ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, maleic anhydride, N-vinylcarbazole and the like.
[0018]
In the seed polymerization method, if the particle diameter of the seed particles is within a narrow range, the particle diameters of the resin particles obtained are well aligned. That is, by performing polymerization using seed particles having a uniform particle size in advance, resin particles having a desired particle size according to the application, for example, 0.3 to 0.5 mm, 0.5 to 0.7 mm, It can be divided into narrow ranges such as 0.7 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.5 mm, and 1.5 to 2.5 mm, and can be obtained with a yield of almost 100% for each section.
[0019]
When the seed particles are obtained by sieving the polymer particles obtained by the suspension polymerization method and adjusting the particle size to be within a range of ± 20% of the average particle size, or by the bulk polymerization method, Particles obtained by pelletizing to a desired particle size can be used.
[0020]
The amount of seed particles used is preferably 10 to 75% by weight, more preferably 15 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of the polymer at the end of polymerization (including seed particles). When the amount of seed particles used is less than 10% by weight, it is difficult to control the polymerization rate of the resin particles within an appropriate range when supplying the styrene monomer, and the resulting particles have a high molecular weight or fine powder. It is industrially disadvantageous because it occurs in large quantities and, as a result, the production efficiency decreases. Conversely, when it exceeds 75% by weight, it becomes difficult to obtain excellent moldability.
[0021]
The weight average molecular weight of the seed particles is preferably in the range of 200,000 to 350,000, more preferably in the range of 220,000 to 300,000.
[0022]
In the present invention, as the styrene monomer, styrene, styrene derivatives such as α-methylstyrene and paramethylstyrene can be used alone or in combination. Moreover, you may use together bifunctional monomers, such as divinylbenzene and alkylene glycol dimethacrylate. Furthermore, various monomers copolymerizable with styrene such as esters of acryl or methacrylic acid and alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, acrylonitrile, dimethyl fumarate, etc. may be used in combination.
[0023]
Examples of the aqueous medium include water and a mixed liquid of water and a water-soluble solvent. Examples of the water-soluble solvent include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol.
[0024]
As the foaming agent used in the production of the expandable styrenic resin particles of the present invention, for example, propane, butane, pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, HCFC-141b, which has readily volatility whose boiling point is lower than the softening point of the polymer, Foaming agents such as HCFC-142b, HCFC-124, HFC-134a, HFC-152a are preferred. These foaming agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the foaming agent used is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 7 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin particles obtained. The foaming agent may be added before polymerization, during polymerization, or after polymerization, but is usually impregnated into resin particles by press-fitting and adding late or after polymerization.
[0025]
As the polymerization initiator in the present invention, a radical generating polymerization initiator generally used in suspension polymerization of styrene can be used. For example, benzoyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, t-butyl peroxypivalate, t-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, t-butyl peroxyacetate, 2,2-t-butyl peroxybutane, organic peroxides such as t-butylperoxy 3, 3, 5 trimethylhexanoate, di-t-butylperoxyhexahydroterephthalate, and azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisdimethylvaleronitrile. It is done. These polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0026]
In particular, in order to adjust the molecular weight of the resin particles and reduce the residual monomer, a polymerization initiator having a decomposition temperature in the range of 50 to 80 ° C. for obtaining a half-life of 10 hours, and a decomposition temperature of 80 to It is preferable to use in combination with different polymerization initiators in the range of 120 ° C. Examples of such a combination of polymerization initiators include combinations of benzoyl peroxide and t-butyl peroxybenzoate, lauryl peroxide and t-butyl peroxyacetate, and the like. When a high temperature decomposition type polymerization initiator having a decomposition temperature of 80 to 120 ° C. is used, the aqueous medium is further heated to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the initiator decomposes, and this temperature is usually maintained for 30 minutes or longer. It is preferable to complete.
[0027]
When the above polymerization initiator is directly added to an aqueous suspension, it is difficult to uniformly absorb the seed particles. Therefore, it is added in a state suspended or emulsified in an aqueous medium, or a small amount of a styrene-based monomer. It is desirable to dissolve in the body, add an inorganic suspension stabilizer and an anionic surfactant and add as an aqueous suspension.
[0028]
It is important in terms of reaction or quality to diffuse the polymerization initiator not only to the surface layer of the seed particles but also to the inside as much as possible. By allowing the polymerization initiator to diffuse into the inside of the seed particles, a substantially uniform reaction is performed between the particle surface layer and the inside of the particles, and resin particles having a uniform weight average molecular weight are obtained. In order to diffuse the polymerization initiator to the inside of the seed particles, it is effective to absorb an appropriate amount of the styrene monomer into the seed particles and soften the seed particles appropriately. By appropriately softening the seed particles, absorption of the styrene monomer containing the polymerization initiator is promoted, and absorption of the polymerization initiator can be promoted. As a result, the production of fine powder can be suppressed. If the ratio of the total amount of styrene monomer added before the start of polymerization is less than 25% by weight with respect to the total amount of seed particles and added styrene monomer, the seed particles are not sufficiently softened and polymerization is performed. The absorption rate of the styrene monomer suspension containing the initiator into the seed particles becomes slow, and the absorption of the polymerization initiator is delayed. In this case, an excessive amount of styrenic monomer containing a polymerization initiator adheres to the surface of the seed particle, and adhesion to the particle surface and aqueous suspension before the polymerization initiator is absorbed into the seed particle. The release to the liquid is repeated, and the generation of fine powder increases. Further, when the seed particles are not sufficiently softened, the uniformity of the weight average molecular weight distribution and the foamed cell size in the resin particles obtained in terms of quality is lacking. Therefore, the addition amount of the styrenic monomer is preferably 25% by weight or more from the viewpoint of using the polymerization initiator.
[0029]
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a suspension stabilizer to suspend the seed particles in an aqueous medium. As the suspension stabilizer, known suspension stabilizers conventionally used generally in suspension polymerization can be used. Examples thereof include water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and poorly soluble inorganic compounds such as tribasic calcium phosphate and magnesium pyrophosphate. When using a hardly soluble inorganic compound, it is preferable to use an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate together.
[0030]
In the seed polymerization method of the present invention, an additive used when producing expandable resin particles such as a plasticizer, a foamed cell nucleating agent, a filler, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, a lubricant, and a colorant is necessary. You may use suitably according to.
[0031]
In the present invention, when the diameter of the seed particles is increased, the absorption efficiency and internal diffusion of the polymerization initiator are decreased, and the molecular weight tends to be increased, and when the amount of seed particles used is small with respect to the resin particles after the completion of polymerization. In addition, it is difficult to control the polymerization rate at the time of supplying the styrene monomer, the reaction time is extended, and the molecular weight adjustment tends to be difficult. In order to adjust the weight average molecular weight of the resin particles to a range suitable for normal molding, it is important to make the polymerization initiator work efficiently, and polymerization initiation that prevents unnecessary decomposition and generates radicals throughout the polymerization process. It is preferable to control the distribution of the agent, the polymerization temperature program, the monomer supply rate, the polymerization rate adjustment during the polymerization, and the like.
[0032]
The distribution of the polymerization initiator, the polymerization temperature program, and the monomer supply rate are interrelated, and if these are balanced, it is possible to prevent the polymerization time from being extended due to excessive decrease in the polymerization rate, Generation | occurrence | production in large quantities can be prevented and the fall of the efficiency of a polymerization initiator can be prevented. When the entire amount of the polymerization initiator required for the polymerization of the styrene monomer is added before the start of polymerization, in order to increase the efficiency of the polymerization initiator, the styrene monomer starts to be supplied from a relatively low temperature, and the polymerization starts. It is desirable to supply continuously or intermittently while heating with a temperature gradient so that radicals of the agent are appropriately generated. At the time when the supply of the styrene monomer is completed, the temperature is relatively high, the remaining polymerization initiator is appropriately consumed, and the molecular weight of the resin particles can be appropriately adjusted.
[0033]
In the present invention, the styrenic monomer is added as an aqueous suspension and absorbed by the seed particles. The styrene monomer is preferably used in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight based on the seed particles. If the amount added is less than 3% by weight, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained to soften the seed particles and adsorb the inorganic suspension stabilizer. If the amount added exceeds 20% by weight, an aqueous suspension of a large volume of styrene monomer can be obtained. It is necessary to create a turbid liquid, which is industrially disadvantageous.
[0034]
Here, when the styrenic monomer is directly added to the aqueous suspension, the surface of the seed particles is dissolved and the seed particles are easily bonded to each other. Disperse in suspension in an aqueous medium containing a relatively small amount of a poorly soluble inorganic compound powder such as magnesium pyrophosphate (inorganic suspension stabilizer) and an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Addition as a suspension is preferred. By adding the styrenic monomer as an aqueous suspension, the surface of the seed particles is wetted with fine oil droplets of the styrenic monomer, and the styrenic monomer is evenly absorbed in the seed particles. At the same time, the inorganic suspension stabilizer can be adsorbed to stabilize the suspension. In this way, if the inorganic suspension stabilizer is adsorbed on the surface of the seed particles to stabilize the suspension, the seed particles are prevented from being coalesced and bonded. There is no problem.
[0035]
In the seed polymerization method, how efficiently the polymerization initiator is absorbed by the seed particles is related to the suppression of fine powder generation. If the entire amount of the polymerization initiator is absorbed by the seed particles, the supplied styrenic monomer is directly absorbed by the seed particles without being polymerized in the aqueous suspension, and as a result, no fine powder is generated. That is, the formation of fine powder is prevented by effectively absorbing the styrenic monomer in the seed particles so that the polymerization does not proceed in the form of oil droplets dispersed in the aqueous suspension. It becomes. In order to absorb the polymerization initiator into the seed particles as quickly, efficiently and uniformly as possible, the polymerization initiator can be dissolved in a styrene monomer in advance and added as an aqueous suspension. It is valid.
[0036]
In the present invention, it is desirable that the obtained resin particles have a weight average molecular weight of the seed particles and a weight average molecular weight of the resin particles obtained by polymerization being substantially equal. More specifically, the weight average molecular weight is preferably 200000-350,000, more preferably 220,000-300000. By setting it within this range, the quality of the resin particles can be improved.
[0037]
【Example】
Example 1
A 100 liter reactor is charged with 10 kg of pure water, 6.5 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 136 g of magnesium pyrophosphate, and polystyrene particles having a particle size of 0.36 to 0.71 mm (styrene is magnesium pyrophosphate, dodecylbenzenesulfone). In an aqueous medium using acid soda, 10 kg of seed particles obtained by ordinary suspension polymerization were added, and the mixture was stirred and suspended.
[0038]
Next, 2 kg of pure water prepared in advance, 3.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 15 g of magnesium pyrophosphate, and 1 kg of styrene corresponding to 10% by weight with respect to polystyrene particles were stirred with a homomixer to prepare a suspension. This suspension was added to a reactor maintained at 75 ° C. and absorbed by polystyrene particles for 15 minutes.
[0039]
Subsequently, 163 g of benzoyl peroxide and 8.4 g of t-butyl perbenzoate were dissolved in 2 kg of styrene and added to 2 kg of pure water, 2.6 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added, and the suspension was stirred with a homomixer. This was added to the reactor and absorbed in polystyrene particles for 20 minutes, and then styrene and styrene were continuously fed at a rate of 400 g / min and pure water at a rate of 250 g / min for 80 minutes. The temperature of the reactor was raised to 108 ° C. at the end of the supply of pure water. Subsequently, the temperature was raised to 120 ° C. and maintained for 60 minutes, and then 760 g of cyclohexane was added to a solution of 2 kg of pure water, 2.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 15 g of magnesium pyrophosphate, and stirred with a homomixer to form a suspension in the reactor. Then, 5400 g of butane was press-fitted at 100 ° C. and held for 2 hours, then cooled to room temperature and taken out to obtain expandable polystyrene particles having a particle size of 0.60 to 1.00 mm. When the expandable polystyrene particles were washed, the weight was measured except for the coalesced particles that did not pass through the JIS 1000 μm sieve and the fine powder that passed through the JIS 500 μm sieve. The results are shown in Table 3. Furthermore, the average particle diameter (D 50 ) and particle size distribution (peak 3 mesh) of the particles after removing the fine powder are shown in Table 3.
[0040]
The peak 3 mesh means JIS standard sieve opening 2.36 mm (7.5 mesh), opening 2.00 mm (8.6 mesh), opening 1.70 mm (10 mesh), opening 1.40 mm ( 12 mesh), 1.18 mm (14 mesh), aperture 1.00 mm (16 mesh), aperture 0.85 mm (18 mesh), aperture 0.71 mm (22 mesh), 0.60 mm (26 mesh), Aperture 0.50 mm (30 mesh), Aperture 0.425 mm (36 mesh), Aperture 0.355 mm (42 mesh), 0.300 mm (50 mesh), Aperture 0.250 mm (60 mesh), Aperture Classification with 0.212 mm (70 mesh) and mesh size 0.180 mm (83 mesh), cumulative weight 50% based on cumulative weight distribution curve Consisting particle diameter (median diameter) as the average particle diameter (D 50), means the total value of the particle size distribution ratio of 3 mesh ranging often from a range with the size belongs distribution ratio of D 50.
[0041]
Next, after dehydrating and drying the expandable polystyrene particles, 45 g of zinc stearate as a surface treatment agent and 23 g of hydroxystearic acid triglyceride are coated on the surface of the particles, heated and foamed with water vapor in a preliminary foaming machine, and a bulk multiple of 60. Double pre-expanded particles were obtained. Pre-expanded particles are molded using a foam bead automatic molding machine (Ace 3 model, manufactured by Sekisui Koki Co., Ltd.) equipped with a mold having an inner dimension of 300 × 400 × 100 mm. The quality of the surface condition and appearance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0042]
Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 12 kg of pure water was placed in a 100 liter reactor, and styrene was continuously supplied at a rate of 400 g / min and pure water was continuously supplied at a rate of 200 g / min for 80 minutes.
[0043]
Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that styrene was continuously supplied at a rate of 256 g / min and pure water was continuously supplied at a rate of 125 g / min for 125 minutes.
[0044]
Comparative Example 1
The same operation as in Example 1 was conducted except that 40 kg of pure water was put into a 100 liter reactor.
[0045]
Comparative Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that 20 kg of pure water was placed in a 100 liter reactor, and styrene was continuously supplied at a rate of 200 g / min and pure water at a rate of 87.5 g / min for 160 minutes. .
[0046]
Comparative Example 3
The same operation as in Example 1 was conducted except that 30 kg of pure water was put into a 100 liter reactor and styrene was continuously supplied at a rate of 200 g / min for 160 minutes.
[0047]
Comparative Example 4
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 8 kg of pure water was charged into a 100 liter reactor, and styrene was continuously supplied at a rate of 256 g / min and pure water at a rate of 176 g / min for 125 minutes.
[0048]
Comparative Example 5
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that pure water was continuously supplied at a rate of 150 g / min for 80 minutes.
[0049]
Comparative Example 6
The same operation as in Example 1 was conducted except that 8 kg of pure water was put into a 100 liter reactor and pure water was continuously supplied at a rate of 175 g / min for 80 minutes.
[0050]
Table 1 summarizes the weight of seed particles (A), the weight of water at the start of polymerization (X), the weight of styrene monomer (B), and the weight of water at the end of polymerization (Y). Further, Table 2 shows values obtained when the values of A, B, X, and Y in Examples and Comparative Examples are applied to Formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X and Formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y. .
[0051]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003776038
[0052]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003776038
[0053]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003776038
[0054]
In Table 3, ○ indicates that the fusion of the molded product is 80% or more and there is no powder adhesion on the surface of the molded product, and that the appearance is good. Is indicated by ×.
[0055]
From Table 3, formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X, formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y), and the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of polystyrene and styrene monomer In an example in which suspension polymerization was performed under a condition of 45% by weight or less, generation of fine particles and the like was suppressed even when the polymerization time was shortened, and as a result, it was found that the quality and the like of the obtained molded product could be improved. It was.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, when producing styrene resin particles or expandable styrene resin particles by seed polymerization,
The weight (A) of the styrene polymer particles (seed particles) and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. Done.
[0057]
As a result, the polymerization time can be shortened, and the generation of coalesced particles in which the resin particles are coalesced with each other is prevented, and the generation of fine powder is suppressed as compared to the conventional styrene system. The polymer particles can be obtained in a high yield, and an excellent effect that productivity is greatly improved is achieved. In addition, the expandable styrene polymer particles obtained by the present invention are excellent in foam moldability, and can provide a foam molded article having good quality and appearance.

Claims (3)

スチレン系重合体粒子を水性媒体中に懸濁させ、この水性懸濁液にスチレン系単量体を添加し、重合開始剤の存在下で懸濁重合を行うことでスチレン系樹脂粒子を製造するに際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で、スチレン系単量体を連続的もしくは断続的に供給することを特徴とするスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。
Styrene polymer particles are produced by suspending styrene polymer particles in an aqueous medium, adding a styrene monomer to the aqueous suspension, and performing suspension polymerization in the presence of a polymerization initiator. On the occasion
The weight (A) of the styrenic polymer particles and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y ), And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. A method for producing styrene resin particles, characterized in that the monomer is continuously or intermittently supplied.
スチレン系重合体粒子を水性媒体中に懸濁させ、この水性懸濁液にスチレン系単量体を添加し、重合開始剤の存在下で懸濁重合を行うと共に、発泡剤を含浸させて発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子を製造するに際して、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)と重合開始時の水性媒体の重量(X)とが式0.46X≦A≦1.22Xを満足し、
スチレン系重合体粒子の重量(A)、スチレン系単量体の重量(B)と重合終了時の水性媒体の重量(Y)とが式1.3Y≦A+B≦1.6Y(但しX≦Y)を満足し、かつ
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が45重量%以下になる条件下で、スチレン系単量体を連続的もしくは断続的に供給することを特徴とする発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。
Suspend styrenic polymer particles in an aqueous medium, add a styrenic monomer to this aqueous suspension, perform suspension polymerization in the presence of a polymerization initiator, and impregnate a foaming agent to foam. When producing the functional styrenic resin particles,
The weight (A) of the styrenic polymer particles and the weight (X) of the aqueous medium at the start of polymerization satisfy the formula 0.46X ≦ A ≦ 1.22X,
The weight of the styrene polymer particles (A), the weight of the styrene monomer (B), and the weight of the aqueous medium at the end of the polymerization (Y) are expressed by the formula 1.3Y ≦ A + B ≦ 1.6Y (where X ≦ Y ), And the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is 45% by weight or less. A process for producing expandable styrenic resin particles, characterized in that a monomer is supplied continuously or intermittently.
スチレン系重合体粒子、懸濁重合したスチレン系重合体とスチレン系単量体の総量の合計に対するスチレン系単量体の割合が、25〜45重量%の範囲である請求項2に記載の製造方法。The production according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the styrene monomer to the total of the total amount of the styrene polymer particles, the suspension-polymerized styrene polymer and the styrene monomer is in the range of 25 to 45% by weight. Method.
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