JP3780332B2 - Compounding method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy - Google Patents
Compounding method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy Download PDFInfo
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- JP3780332B2 JP3780332B2 JP2001149849A JP2001149849A JP3780332B2 JP 3780332 B2 JP3780332 B2 JP 3780332B2 JP 2001149849 A JP2001149849 A JP 2001149849A JP 2001149849 A JP2001149849 A JP 2001149849A JP 3780332 B2 JP3780332 B2 JP 3780332B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910018459 Al—Ge Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000927 Ge alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は、NbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、この出願の発明は、極細芯径1μm以下の極細多芯化を可能とする、延性に富むNb/Al-Ge複合線材を実現することのできるNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術とその課題】
Nbと、共晶系Al-X合金の一つであるAl-Ge合金とを拡散反応させて複合化したNb3(Al,Ge)超伝導体の線材化は、Nb3(Al,Ge)超伝導体が高磁界特性においてきわめて高いポテンシャルを持つことから、1GHzクラスのNMRマグネットなどの強磁場マグネットに有益であると考えられる。
【0003】
しかしながら、Al-Ge合金は難加工性であり、このため、NbとAl-Ge合金との拡散距離を短縮化させるのに有効な、芯径1μm以下のAl-Ge極細芯が多数Nbマトリックス中に埋め込まれたNb/Al-Ge複合多芯線を作製することがなかなか難しく、Nb3(Al,Ge)超伝導複合線材を開発する上での大きな障害となっている。
【0004】
Al-Ge合金は、たとえば、加工と焼鈍を繰り返し、Ge相を球状化処理することによりある程度加工性が改善される。このようにしてGe相を微細化したAl-Ge合金ロッドをNb管の中に入れて組み込み、伸線し、この伸線材を多数本スタックしてさらに伸線し、これを数回繰り返し、多芯化する。だが、Ge相の微細化には限界があり、また、Ge粒子のサイズが多芯線の最小フィラメント径となるため、それ以上微細化することのできないGe粒子は、複合線材の加工限界や極細多芯化における断線などの原因となる。このことから、実用可能なNb3(Al,Ge)超伝導複合線材は実現にまで至っていない。
【0005】
また、ロール法などにより微細化された凝固組織を有する共晶合金の急冷薄板材が知られているが、この急冷薄板材とNb管との複合化は容易でない。
さらに、粒径が1μm以下のGe粉末とAl粉末との混合粉末をNb管の中に充填し、これを出発原料として極細複合線材を作製することも一応考えられるが、粒径1μm以下のGe粉末は非常に高価であり、これを用いることは製造コストに反映するため、実用化技術として現実的でない。
【0006】
この出願の発明は、以上の通りの事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、極細芯径1μm以下の極細多芯化を可能とする、延性に富むNb/Al-Ge複合線材を実現することのできるNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法を提供することを課題としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するものとして、Nbマトリックス中に、共晶系のAl-Ge合金のバルク若しくは粉末、又はAlとGeとの混合粉末を芯として入れ、この複合体を線状に加工した後、800 〜 1200 ℃に急熱し、その後室温に急冷する急熱急冷処理を行い、平均粒径が1μ m のAl-Ge共晶組織を形成させることを特徴とするNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法(請求項1)を提供する。
【0008】
この出願の発明は、急熱急冷処理後Al-Geが準安定相を形成したとき、準安定相を安定
相に変態させる熱処理を行うこと(請求項2)を好ましい態様の一つとして提供する。
【0009】
この出願の発明は、以上において、Ge の含有量(公称組成)は 30at% 以下であること(請求項3)、急熱急冷処理後に得られる組織には、 Al に Ge が固溶した面心立方体相の他、準安定γ 1 (斜方晶)相、準安定γ 2 (単斜晶)相、又は準安定γ 3 (六方晶)相の少なくともいずれか一種の準安定相が存在し、これらの準安定相を Al-Ge 合金の融点以下の温度において熱処理し、安定相に変態させること(請求項4)、Al と Ge との混合粉末の粒径が 500 μ m 以下であること(請求項5)をそれぞれ好ましい態様として提供する。
【0012】
以下、この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法についてさらに詳しく説明する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法では、Nbマトリックス中に、共晶系のAl-Ge合金のバルク若しくは粉末、又はAlとGeとの混合粉末を芯として入れ、この複合体をある程度伸線し、線状に加工した後、急熱急冷処理する。急熱により芯であるAl-Ge合金のバルク若しくは粉末、又はAlとGeとの混合粉末は溶融状態となった後、急冷により平均粒径が1μ m 以下の微細なAl-Ge合金の急冷凝固組織となる。急熱急冷処理としては、たとえば、伸線加工した線材を、銅ブロックなどの電極と、電極と冷媒の両方を兼ねる液体金属浴との間で自己通電加熱し、その後、速やかに線材を液体金属浴に浸漬し、急冷却させる方式を例示することができる。線材が長尺の場合には、線材を液体金属浴に向けて移動させ、銅ブロックと液体金属浴との間で通電加熱し、線材の急熱急冷処理を行うことが可能である。液体金属には、たとえばGaなどを用いることができる。
【0014】
この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法における急熱及び急冷が意味する具体的な数値を例示することは、必ずしも容易なことではない。一応の目安として、急熱に関しては、1000℃/s以上の加熱速度を例示することができる。おそらく1000℃/s以上の加熱速度であれば、Al-Ge共晶合金とNbマトリックスとの反応は進まないものと期待される。急冷に関しても同様であり、確たる数値を例示することは必ずしも容易ではないが、急熱と同じ1000℃/s以上の冷却速度を一応の目安とすることができる。これ未満であると、おそらく凝固組織の粗大化が起こりやすくなるものと思われる。
【0015】
急熱急冷処理後に得られる組織には、Ge相(AlにGeが固溶した面心立方体相)の他、準安定γ1(斜方晶)相、準安定γ2(単斜晶)相、準安定γ3(六方晶)相などの準安定相が少なくとも一種形成されることがある。しかしながら、これらの準安定相は、Al-Ge合金の融点以下の温度において熱処理することにより安定相に変態させることができる。安定相に変態させるための熱処理温度が、Al-Ge合金の融点を超えると、結晶粒の粗大化が起こり、加工性が低下するおそれがある。
【0016】
Al-Ge共晶組織は微細であり、その粒径は、平均して1μm(最大のものでも数μm、最小のものでは数十nmである)である。スタックして縮径加工(極細多芯化)後に得られる粒径は、すべて1μm以下となる。このAl-Ge共晶組織により、延性に富むNb/Al-Ge複合線材が得られる。得られたNb/Al-Ge複合線材は、以上から明らかなように、すでにAl-Ge合金芯がNbマトリックスに複合されているため、そのままの状態で極細多芯化のための加工を適用することができる。しかも、微細なAl-Ge共晶組織は線材芯の強度を高め、Nbマトリックスとの強度のバランスが取れ、これもまた、加工性の改善に有効に働く。
【0017】
この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法では、AlとGeとの混合粉末を芯とする場合、その各々の粉末の粒径は1μm以下とする必要はなく、500μm以下であれば充分であり、したがって、高価なGe粉末を必要としない。このため、大幅なコスト低減が図れる。また、この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法では、Nbマトリックスとは別に微細化されたAl-Ge合金を作製する必要もないため、Al-Ge合金芯の場合にもコスト低減は実現される。
【0018】
なお、この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法では、急熱急冷処理する線材は、単芯線、多芯線のいずれであってもよい。また、前述したような連続的な加熱方式を採用することができる場合には、長尺の複合線材の作製も可能である。
【0019】
この出願の発明のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法では、 Geの含有量(公称組成)は30at%以下とすることが好ましい。Geの含有量が30at%を超えると、Al-Ge合金の加工性が低下し、急熱急冷処理以前の伸線加工が難しくなるおそれがある。
【0020】
急熱時の加熱到達温度は、800〜1200℃とする。加熱到達温度が800℃を下回ると、前述の準安定相が粗大化し、安定相に変態させても結晶粒の粗大化は抑制されず、加工性が低下するおそれがある。加熱到達温度の上限を1200℃とするのは、これを超えると、NbマトリックスとAl-Ge共晶合金との界面にNbとの化合物相(たとえばNbAl3など)が形成され、この化合物相もまた加工性の低下を招く原因となり得るからである。
【0021】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
外径20mmのNb管の中にAl-15at%Ge合金ロッドを7本入れ、縮径加工して0.85mmφのNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材を作製した。このNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材を通電加熱方式により1200℃まで急熱した後、室温にまで急冷した。その後、安定相への変態処理として350℃に2時間保持した。図1(a)(b)(c)は、各々、未急冷処理、急熱急冷処理時、さらに変態熱処理時のNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真及びSEM画像であり、図2は、それら試料のX線回折結果である。
【0022】
これらの図1及び図2から確認されるように、未急冷処理の複合線材ではAl面心立方体相とダイヤモンド型格子のGe相の混合相であった組織が、急冷処理によりGe相がほとんど消失し、Al面心立方体相及び準安定相の微細な混合組織となっている。さらに、急冷処理後の変態熱処理により、微細なAl-Geの安定相に変態している。
【0023】
次に、表1に示したように、未熱処理のNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材(試料#1)と、急熱急冷処理及び変態処理を行ったNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材(試料#4)との特性などの比較を行った。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
この表1に示した結果から確認されるように、変態処理後の試料#4では、Al-Ge合金芯とNbマトリックスと硬さにバランスが取れ、Ge相又は準安定相のサイズが1μmに微細化され、良好な密着曲げ特性が得られている。
【0026】
さらに、通電加熱電流値を130A(試料#2)、180A(試料#5)とした場合の組織に現れる変化を観察した。図3(a)(b)は、各々、試料#2、試料#5の急熱急冷処理後の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真である。
【0027】
この図3(a)(b)の比較から、通電加熱電流値が130A(試料#2)では急熱時の加熱到達温度が試料#4より低くなり、第二相であるGe相又は準安定相が粗大化することが確認される。また、通電加熱電流値が180A(試料#5)では、NbマトリックスとAl-Ge合金との界面にNbAl3化合物相が形成することも確認される。
【0028】
次に、機械的特性の良好な試料#4を10m作製し、これをNb管の中に121本入れて組み込み、1mmφまで縮径加工し、この7×121芯Nb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材をさらにNb管の中に85本入れて組み込み、縮径加工を行った。その結果、図4(a)に示したように、Al-Ge合金の芯径が0.7μmまで縮径加工することができ、粗大なGe相や準安定相が残存することはなかった。
【0029】
比較として、未熱処理の単芯Nb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材をNb管の中に121本入れて組み込み、2mmφまで縮径加工し、この121芯Nb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材をさらにNb管の中に85本入れて組み込み、縮径加工を行った。しかしながら、この場合には、図4(b)に示したように、数μmのGe粒子が残留し、均一なAl-Ge合金にすることができなかった。
(実施例2)
粒径40μmのAl粉末及びGe粉末を85:15の公称組成比で混合し、Nb管の中に充填し、これを複数本束ねて縮径加工し、複合線材を作製した後、実施例1と同様に通電加熱方式により1200℃までの急熱処理とこれに引き続く急冷処理、そして安定相への変態処理を行った。
【0030】
作製された複合線材は、実施例1の試料#4と同様の良好な曲げ特性ならびに延性を示した。
勿論、この出願の発明は、以上の実施形態及び実施例によって限定されるものではない。急熱急冷方式、複合線材の構造等の細部については様々な態様が可能であることは言うまでもない。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上詳しく説明した通り、この出願の発明によって、極細芯径1μm以下の極細多芯化が可能な、延性に富むNb/Al-Ge 複合線材が実現される。1GHzクラスのNMRマグネットなどの強磁場マグネットに有益なNb3(Al,Ge)超伝導体の線材化が期待される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 (a)(b)(c)は、各々、未急冷処理、急熱急冷処理時、さらに変態熱処理時のNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真及びSEM画像である。
【図2】実施例1で作製した試料のX線回折結果を示したチャートである。
【図3】 (a)(b)は、各々、試料#2、試料#5の急熱急冷処理後の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真である。
【図4】 (a)(b)は、各々、到達加熱温度1200℃の急熱急冷処理、そして変態熱処理を行ったNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材を用いた多芯線材の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真、未熱処理のNb/Al-15at%Ge複合線材を用いた多芯線材の断面図に代る顕微鏡写真である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy. More specifically, the invention of this application is a composite of Nb and Al eutectic alloy that can realize a Nb / Al- Ge composite wire with high ductility that enables ultra-fine multi-cores with an ultra-fine core diameter of 1 μm or less. It is about the method.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Nb and, eutectic Al-X, one of the alloys Al-Ge Nb 3 of the alloy was complexed by diffusion reaction (Al, Ge) wire of superconductor, Nb 3 (Al, Ge) Since superconductors have extremely high potential in high magnetic field characteristics, it is considered useful for high-field magnets such as 1 GHz class NMR magnets.
[0003]
However, Al-Ge alloys are difficult to process, and for this reason, many Al-Ge ultrafine cores with a core diameter of 1 µm or less are effective in shortening the diffusion distance between Nb and Al-Ge alloys. It is quite difficult to fabricate Nb / Al-Ge composite multi-core wire embedded in the Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconducting composite wire, which is a major obstacle to development.
[0004]
An Al—Ge alloy is improved to some extent by, for example, repeating processing and annealing and spheroidizing the Ge phase. In this way, Al-Ge alloy rods with a refined Ge phase are placed in an Nb tube, assembled, drawn, and a number of these drawn wires are stacked and further drawn, and this is repeated several times. To be cored. However, there is a limit to the refinement of the Ge phase, and the Ge particle size is the minimum filament diameter of the multifilamentary wire. This may cause disconnection in the centering. Therefore, a practical Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconducting composite wire has not been realized.
[0005]
Further, a quenched thin plate material of a eutectic alloy having a solidified structure refined by a roll method or the like is known, but it is not easy to combine the quenched thin plate material with an Nb tube.
Furthermore, it is conceivable to fill a mixed powder of Ge powder and Al powder with a particle size of 1 μm or less into an Nb tube and use this as a starting material to make an ultrafine composite wire, but Ge particles with a particle size of 1 μm or less. The powder is very expensive and its use is reflected in the manufacturing cost, so it is not practical as a practical technique.
[0006]
The invention of this application was made in view of the circumstances as described above, and realizes a ductile Nb / Al- Ge composite wire material that enables ultra-fine multi-core with an ultra-fine core diameter of 1 μm or less. It is an object to provide a composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application, as to solve the foregoing problems, in Nb matrix, placed in bulk young properly of Al- Ge alloy eutectic powder powder, or a mixed powder of Al and Ge as a core, after processing the complex linear, rapidly heated to 800 ~ 1200 ° C., then subjected to rapid thermal quenching treatment to rapidly cooled to room temperature, characterized in that the average particle size to form Al- Ge eutectic structure of 1 [mu] m And a composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy (claim 1).
[0008]
The invention of this application provides, as one of the preferred embodiments, a heat treatment for transforming the metastable phase into a stable phase when Al— Ge forms a metastable phase after the rapid quenching treatment (Claim 2). .
[0009]
In the invention of this application, the Ge content (nominal composition) is 30 at% or less (Claim 3), and the structure obtained after the rapid heating and quenching treatment has a face center in which Ge is dissolved in Al. In addition to the cubic phase, there is at least one metastable phase of metastable γ 1 (orthorhombic) phase, metastable γ 2 (monoclinic) phase, or metastable γ 3 (hexagonal) phase, these metastable phase was heat-treated at a temperature below the melting point of the Al-Ge alloy, be transformed into a stable phase (claim 4), the particle size of the mixed powder of Al and Ge is less than 500 mu m ( Each of claims 5) is provided as a preferred embodiment.
[0012]
Hereinafter, the composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy according to the invention of this application will be described in more detail.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The combined method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application, in Nb matrix, the bulk young properly of Al- Ge alloy eutectic powder powder, or a mixed powder of Al and Ge as a core The composite is drawn to some extent, processed into a linear shape, and then subjected to rapid heating and cooling. The rapid heating is core Al- Ge bulk Wakashi Ku is flour powder alloys, or mixed powder of Al and Ge After a molten state, the average particle diameter is less fine 1 [mu] m Al- Ge alloy by quenching Of rapidly solidified structure. In the rapid heating and quenching treatment, for example, the drawn wire is self-energized and heated between an electrode such as a copper block and a liquid metal bath that serves as both the electrode and the refrigerant, and then the wire is quickly transferred to the liquid metal. A method of immersing in a bath and rapidly cooling can be exemplified. When the wire is long, the wire can be moved toward the liquid metal bath, energized and heated between the copper block and the liquid metal bath, and the wire can be rapidly heated and cooled. For example, Ga or the like can be used as the liquid metal.
[0014]
It is not always easy to exemplify specific numerical values meant by rapid heating and rapid cooling in the method for compounding Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application . As a measure of the tentatively, for rapid heating, it can be exemplified a heating rate of more than 1000 ° C. / s. It is expected that the reaction between the Al 2 -Ge eutectic alloy and the Nb matrix will not proceed at a heating rate of 1000 ° C / s or more. The same applies to rapid cooling, and it is not always easy to exemplify a certain numerical value, but the same cooling rate of 1000 ° C./s or more as rapid heating can be used as a temporary measure. If it is less than this, it is likely that coarsening of the coagulated tissue is likely to occur.
[0015]
The tissue obtained after rapid heating and quenching treatment, other Ge phase (face-centered cubic phase Ge is solid solution in Al), metastable .gamma.1 (orthorhombic) phase, metastable .gamma.2 (monoclinic) phase, semi At least one metastable phase such as a stable γ3 (hexagonal) phase may be formed. However, these metastable phases can be transformed into stable phases by heat treatment at a temperature below the melting point of the Al—Ge alloy. When the heat treatment temperature for transforming into a stable phase exceeds the melting point of the Al—Ge alloy, the crystal grains become coarse and the workability may be reduced.
[0016]
The Al— Ge eutectic structure is fine, and its particle size is 1 μm on average (several μm at the maximum and several tens of nm at the minimum). The particle diameters obtained after stacking and reducing the diameter (ultrafine multi-core) are all 1 μm or less. With this Al— Ge eutectic structure, a Nb / Al— Ge composite wire with high ductility can be obtained. As can be seen from the above, the obtained Nb / Al- Ge composite wire already has an Al- Ge alloy core composited with the Nb matrix, so the processing for ultrafine multi-core is applied as it is. be able to. In addition, the fine Al- Ge eutectic structure increases the strength of the wire core and balances the strength with the Nb matrix, which also effectively improves the workability.
[0017]
In the composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application, when the mixed powder of Al and Ge is used as a core, the particle size of each powder does not need to be 1 μm or less, and may be 500 μm or less. Is sufficient and therefore does not require expensive Ge powder. For this reason, significant cost reduction can be achieved. Cost Also, in the composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application, there is no need to prepare a separate miniaturized Al- Ge alloys and Nb matrix, in the case of Al- Ge alloy cores Reduction is realized.
[0018]
In the composite method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application, the wire material to be subjected to rapid heating and quenching may be either a single core wire or a multi-core wire. In addition, when a continuous heating method as described above can be adopted, a long composite wire can be produced.
[0019]
The combined method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy of the invention of this application, the content of G e (nominal composition) is preferably less 30 at%. When the Ge content exceeds 30 at%, the workability of the Al—Ge alloy is lowered, and there is a possibility that the wire drawing before the rapid heating and quenching process becomes difficult.
[0020]
It reached heating temperature during rapid heating shall be from 800 to 1 2 00 ° C.. When the heating attainment temperature is lower than 800 ° C., the above-mentioned metastable phase becomes coarse, and even when transformed to a stable phase, the coarsening of crystal grains is not suppressed, and the workability may be lowered. To the upper limit of the heating temperature reached and 1 2 00 ° C. is beyond which compound phase with Nb at the interface between the Nb matrix and Al -Ge eutectic alloy (for example, NbAl 3) is formed, this compound This is because the phase can also cause deterioration of workability.
[0021]
【Example】
Example 1
Seven Al-15at% Ge alloy rods were placed in an Nb tube with an outer diameter of 20 mm, and the diameter was reduced to produce a 0.85 mmφ Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire. The Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire was rapidly heated to 1200 ° C. by an electric heating method and then rapidly cooled to room temperature. Thereafter, it was maintained at 350 ° C. for 2 hours as a transformation treatment to a stable phase. Fig. 1 (a), (b) and (c) show micrographs and SEM images instead of cross-sectional views of Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire during unquenched, quenched and quenched, and transformation heat treatment, respectively. FIG. 2 shows the X-ray diffraction results of these samples.
[0022]
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, in the unquenched composite wire, the structure that was a mixed phase of the Al face-centered cubic phase and the Ge phase of the diamond-type lattice is almost disappeared by the quenching process. However, it has a fine mixed structure of Al face-centered cubic phase and metastable phase. Furthermore, it is transformed into a fine Al-Ge stable phase by transformation heat treatment after quenching.
[0023]
Next, as shown in Table 1, an unheated Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire (sample # 1) and an Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire subjected to rapid thermal quenching and transformation treatment ( Comparison with characteristics of sample # 4) was performed.
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
As confirmed from the results shown in Table 1, in the sample # 4 after the transformation treatment, the Al—Ge alloy core, the Nb matrix, and the hardness are balanced, and the size of the Ge phase or metastable phase is 1 μm. It is miniaturized and good adhesion bending characteristics are obtained.
[0026]
Furthermore, the changes appearing in the structure when the energization heating current values were 130 A (sample # 2) and 180 A (sample # 5) were observed. 3A and 3B are photomicrographs replacing the cross-sectional views of sample # 2 and sample # 5 after the rapid heating and cooling treatment, respectively.
[0027]
From the comparison of Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), when the heating current value is 130A (sample # 2), the heating temperature during rapid heating is lower than that of sample # 4, and the second phase is the Ge phase or metastable It is confirmed that the phase becomes coarse. It is also confirmed that an NbAl 3 compound phase is formed at the interface between the Nb matrix and the Al—Ge alloy when the energization heating current value is 180 A (sample # 5).
[0028]
Next, 10m of sample # 4 with good mechanical properties was manufactured, 121 pieces were put in an Nb tube and incorporated, and the diameter was reduced to 1mmφ. This 7 × 121 core Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite Further, 85 wires were put into an Nb tube and incorporated, and the diameter was reduced. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4A, the core diameter of the Al—Ge alloy could be reduced to 0.7 μm, and no coarse Ge phase or metastable phase remained.
[0029]
For comparison, 121 unheat-treated single-core Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire rods were put in 121 Nb tubes and assembled, and the diameter was reduced to 2 mmφ. Ninety-five Nb pipes were put in and assembled to reduce the diameter. However, in this case, as shown in FIG. 4B, Ge particles of several μm remained, and a uniform Al—Ge alloy could not be obtained.
(Example 2)
Example 1 After mixing Al powder and Ge powder with a particle size of 40 μm at a nominal composition ratio of 85:15, filling in an Nb tube, bundling a plurality of these and reducing the diameter to produce a composite wire, Example 1 In the same way, rapid heat treatment up to 1200 ° C, subsequent rapid cooling treatment, and transformation to a stable phase were performed by the electric heating method.
[0030]
The produced composite wire showed good bending characteristics and ductility similar to those of Sample # 4 of Example 1.
Of course, the invention of this application is not limited by the above embodiments and examples . It goes without saying that various aspects are possible for details such as the rapid heating and quenching method and the structure of the composite wire.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the invention of this application, ultrafine core diameter 1μm following multifilamentary sinkers capable, Nb / Al-G e double coupling wire is realized ductile. Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconductors that are useful for high-field magnets such as 1GHz class NMR magnets are expected to be used as wires.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a), (b) and (c) are photomicrographs in place of cross-sectional views of Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire during unquenched, quenched and quenched, and transformation heat treatment, respectively. SEM image.
2 is a chart showing X-ray diffraction results of the sample manufactured in Example 1. FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are photomicrographs replacing the cross-sectional views of sample # 2 and sample # 5 after the rapid heating and quenching treatment, respectively.
[Fig. 4] (a) and (b) are cross-sectional views of multi-core wires using Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wires subjected to rapid heating and quenching treatment at an ultimate heating temperature of 1200 ° C and transformation heat treatment, respectively. FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph of an alternative, a photomicrograph of a cross-sectional view of a multi-core wire using an unheat-treated Nb / Al-15at% Ge composite wire.
Claims (5)
はAlとGeとの混合粉末を芯として入れ、この複合体を線状に加工した後、800 〜 1200 ℃に
急熱し、その後室温に急冷する急熱急冷処理を行い、平均粒径が1μ m のAl-Ge共晶組織を形成させることを特徴とするNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法。During Nb matrix, the bulk young properly of Al- Ge alloy eutectic powder powder, or charged with a mixed powder of Al and Ge as the core, after processing the complex linear, 800 ~ 1200 ° C. In
Suddenly heated, then subjected to rapid thermal quenching treatment to rapidly cooled to room temperature, combined method of Nb and Al eutectic alloy average particle size is characterized by the formation of Al- Ge eutectic structure of 1 [mu] m.
に変態させる熱処理を行う請求項1記載のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法。The method for combining Nb and an Al eutectic alloy according to claim 1, wherein when Al- Ge forms a metastable phase after the rapid quenching treatment, heat treatment is performed to transform the metastable phase into a stable phase.
とAl共晶合金の複合化方法。 The Nb content according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Ge content (nominal composition) is 30 at% or less.
Of Al and Al eutectic alloy.
少なくともいずれか一種の準安定相が存在し、これらの準安定相を Al-Ge 合金の融点以下
の温度において熱処理し、安定相に変態させる請求項1乃至3いずれか1項に記載のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法。 The structure obtained after the rapid thermal quenching process includes a metastable γ 1 (orthorhombic) phase, metastable γ 2 (monoclinic) phase, or metastable in addition to the face-centered cubic phase in which Ge is dissolved in Al. of the γ 3 (hexagonal) phase
At least one kind of metastable phase exists, and these metastable phases are below the melting point of the Al-Ge alloy.
The method for forming a composite of Nb and an Al eutectic alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alloy is heat-treated at a temperature of 5 to transform to a stable phase .
か1項に記載のNbとAl共晶合金の複合化方法。 One of claims 1 to 4 the particle size of the mixed powder of Al and Ge is less than 500 mu m
2. A method for compounding Nb and Al eutectic alloy according to claim 1 .
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