JP3781065B2 - Photocatalyst - Google Patents
Photocatalyst Download PDFInfo
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- JP3781065B2 JP3781065B2 JP24730796A JP24730796A JP3781065B2 JP 3781065 B2 JP3781065 B2 JP 3781065B2 JP 24730796 A JP24730796 A JP 24730796A JP 24730796 A JP24730796 A JP 24730796A JP 3781065 B2 JP3781065 B2 JP 3781065B2
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- film
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- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 98
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000012735 amaranth Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004178 amaranth Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 TiO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水浄化、空気浄化、消臭、油分の分解等に有効に用いられる光触媒体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、TiO2,ZnO,WO3,Fe2O3,SrTiO3等の金属酸化物が光触媒として水浄化、空気浄化、消臭、油分の分解などに広く使用されている。このような光触媒は、通常粉末状で用いられている。この粉末状の光触媒を固定化するためには、例えば粉末にバインダーとして樹脂やゴムなどを混ぜて練り、それを基材に塗って数百℃で焼結させるバインダー固定法がある。また、光触媒を基材に膜状に密着させる方法として金属アルコキシド溶液を用いてゲルコーティング膜を作成し、それを数百℃で加熱するゾル−ゲル法で得た金属酸化物膜を光触媒に用いることも知られている。しかし、バインダー固定法もゾル−ゲル法も、上述したように金属酸化物膜の作成時に高温で加熱するため、耐熱性の基材しか用いることができない。一方、スパッタリング法により得られる金属酸化物膜を光触媒膜として用いれば、基材の種類を選ばないで光触媒膜がコーティングされた光触媒体を得ることができるが、この場合であっても、例えば有機物質の基材を用いると、基材と光触媒膜が直接接触するために、基材自身が光触媒作用を受けて劣化したり、また、基材に例えばガラスなどのアモルファス(無定形、非晶質)な材料を用いた場合、光触媒膜が薄い程、基材の影響を受けてその結晶性や配向性が悪くなり、光触媒膜の触媒活性が低下する可能性が生じる。
【0003】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたもので、担持する基材の種類を選ばず、取扱性及び耐久性に優れるのみならず、触媒効率も良好な光触媒体を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段及び発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するため鋭意検討を行った結果、基材と光触媒膜との間に金属薄膜や金属酸化物薄膜などの下地膜を設けることにより、基材の種類によらず、その劣化を防止することができると共に、光触媒膜の結晶性や配向性などを高めることができ、これによって光触媒活性を向上させることができることを知見すると共に、この場合、特に下地膜及び光触媒膜として、スパッタリング法により得られる薄膜を使用すれば、基材の耐熱性も問題とならず、上記目的をより有効に達成できることを見出し、本発明をなすに至った。
【0005】
従って、本発明は、以下の光触媒体及びその製造方法を提供する。
請求項1:
基材上に下地膜を介在して光触媒膜が積層された光触媒体であって、前記下地膜が、Ti,Al,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Au,Ag,Pt,Pd,In,Mg,Sn,若しくはZnよりなる金属薄膜、又は、SiO,BeO,若しくはSnO 2 よりなる金属酸化物薄膜であることを特徴とする光触媒体。
請求項2:
基材が有機系材料からなる請求項1記載の光触媒体。
請求項3:
下地膜が、金属ターゲットを用いてスパッタリングを行うことによって得られる金属薄膜、又は酸素分子を有するガスを含有する不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いてリアクティブスパッタリングを行うことによって得られる金属酸化物薄膜であると共に、光触媒膜が、酸素分子を有するガスを含有する不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いてリアクティブスパッタリングを行うことによって得られる金属酸化物膜である請求項1又は2記載の光触媒体。
請求項4:
有機系材料からなる基材がプラスチックフィルムであり、該プラスチックフィルムの表面に下地膜を介在して光触媒膜が積層されると共に、このプラスチックフィルムの裏面に粘着加工が施された請求項2又は3記載の光触媒体。
請求項5:
基材上に、Ti,Al,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Au,Ag,Pt,Pd,In,Mg,Sn,若しくはZnよりなる金属薄膜、又は、SiO,BeO,若しくはSnO 2 よりなる金属酸化物薄膜を下地膜として積層した後、更に光触媒膜を積層する光触媒体の製造方法であって、前記下地膜を、金属ターゲットを用いて行うスパッタリング法、又は酸素分子を有するガスを含有する不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いて行うリアクティブスパッタリング法により形成すると共に、前記光触媒膜を、酸素分子を有するガスを含有する不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いて行うリアクティブスパッタリング法により形成することを特徴とする光触媒体の製造方法。
【0006】
以下、本発明につき図面を参照して更に詳しく説明する。
図1は、本発明の光触媒体の構成を説明する光触媒体1の断面図である。この光触媒体1は、基材2上に下地膜3を介在させて光触媒膜4を形成したものである。ここで、該基材としては、その材質や形状は特に限定されず、通常光触媒体の基材として用いられているものであればいずれのものでもよく、例えばポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、シリコーン、ポリスチレン等のプラスチック材、ポリエステル系,ポリアミド系,ポリビニルアルコール系などの合成繊維、天然繊維、半合成繊維等からなる織布又は不織布などの有機系材料やガラス、石英、セラミックス、シリカ等の無機質材料及びアルミ、ステンレス等の金属材料などの無機系材料を使用することができるが、本発明は、基材が有機系材料(有機物質)からなる場合に、特に効果的である。
【0007】
下地膜としては、上記基材と光触媒膜との間に介在させることができ、基材を劣化させることなく、光触媒膜の触媒活性を損わないものであれば、その種類は特に限定されず、例えばTi,Al,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Au,Ag,Pt,Pd,In,Mg,Sn,Zn等の金属薄膜やSiO,SiO2,BeO,MgO,Al2O3,SnO2,ZrO2等の金属酸化物薄膜などを挙げることができるが、本発明の目的を鑑みれば、金属薄膜の場合、これらの中でも特にAg,Ni,Cu,Au,Ti,Al,Pt,Pd等が好適に使用され、金属酸化物薄膜の場合、光触媒活性を有さないSiO,SiO2,Al2O3,SnO2等が好適に使用される。この下地膜の厚さは特に制限されるものではないが、本発明の目的を達成するには、通常数十〜数千Åの範囲とすることが好ましい。下地膜は、公知の湿式めっき、無電解めっき、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法、CVD法、ゾル−ゲル法等によって上記基材上に膜形成することもできるが、後述するスパッタリング法により成膜すれば、成膜に際して基材の耐熱性が問題とならず、基材の材質の選択の余地が広がるので好適である。
【0008】
光触媒膜としては、TiO2,ZnO,WO3,Fe2O3,SrTiO3等の金属酸化物膜が用いられる。ここで、光触媒膜の厚さは特に制限されるものではなく、光触媒体の用途等により種々選定することできるが、本発明の場合、上記下地膜の存在によって光触媒膜の触媒活性を良好に発揮するものであるので、数百〜数千Åの比較的薄い光触媒膜の場合、特に触媒活性の向上という点において効果的である。なお、下地膜と光触媒膜との膜厚比は、特に制限されるものではないが、通常下地膜/光触媒膜=0.1〜10程度とすると好適である。光触媒膜も上記下地膜と同様に、公知のバインダー固定法、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法、CVD法、ゾル−ゲル法等の方法によって成膜することができるが、スパッタリング法が好適に採用される。
【0009】
以下、本発明の下地膜及び光触媒膜を成膜する方法として好適に採用されるスパッタリング法について述べる。
【0010】
金属薄膜からなる下地膜を形成するスパッタリング法は、真空又は不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いてスパッタリングを行うものであるが、ここで用いる金属ターゲットとしては、上述した金属薄膜の中で所望する金属薄膜を形成する金属である。
【0011】
また、金属酸化物からなる下地膜を形成する(リアクティブ)スパッタリング法は、酸素分子を含むガスを含有する不活性ガス中で金属ターゲットを用いて、これらを酸化させながらスパッタリングを行うものであるが、ここで用いる金属ターゲットとしては、上述した金属酸化物薄膜の中で所望する金属酸化物MeOx(MeはSi,Al,Mg,Be,Zr等の金属を示し、xは金属の種類によって異なるが、0〜10、好ましくは0〜5の範囲の正数であり、xは必ずしも金属の価数に相当していなくともよい)に対応したSi,Al,Mg,Be,Zr等の金属である。
【0012】
また、光触媒膜の場合、金属ターゲットとしては、所望する金属酸化物MeOx(MeはFe,W,SrTi,Ti,Zn等の金属を示し、xは金属の種類によって異なるが、0〜10、好ましくは0〜5の範囲の正数であり、xは必ずしも金属の価数に相当していなくともよい)に対応した金属であり、特には光触媒として優れたTiO2,ZnO,WO3,Fe2O3,SrTiO3等に対応した金属であり、このような金属ターゲットを酸素分子を含むガスを含有する不活性ガス中で酸化させながらスパッタリングを行って、光触媒作用を有する金属酸化物膜からなる光触媒膜を形成する。
【0013】
ここで、スパッタリング用の不活性ガスとしては、ヘリウム、アルゴン等が用いられ、特に工業的に安価なアルゴンが好ましい。また、リアクティブスパッタリング法の場合、酸素分子を有するガス(酸化性ガス)を含有する不活性ガスの存在下で上記金属ターゲットより金属をスパッタさせ、所望の基材(下地膜の場合)又は下地膜(光触媒膜の場合)上にこのスパッタされた金属の酸化物膜を形成するものであるが、上記酸化性ガスとしては、酸素、オゾン、空気、水等が挙げられ、通常は酸素が用いられる。なお、上記不活性ガスと酸化性ガスとの流量比(容量比)は適宜選定されるが、不活性ガス:酸化性ガス=100:0.1〜100:1000の範囲とすることが好ましい。
【0014】
本発明において、スパッタリング装置、リアクティブスパッタリング装置、スパッタリング圧力等のスパッタリング条件などは特に制限されず、公知の装置、条件を採用することができる。例えば、DCマグネトロンスパッタリング、対向スパッタリングなどの装置を用いることができ、またスパッタリング時の圧力は高真空下から大気圧下とすることができるが、通常1mTorr〜1Torrの真空下で行われる。
【0015】
なお、本発明の光触媒体は、基材としてプラスチックフィルムを使用し、その表面に上記下地膜を成膜し、さらにその上に上記光触媒膜を形成した後に、プラスチックフィルムの裏面に粘着加工を施したものとすることもできる。このような光触媒体によれば、例えば蛍光灯の反射板の表面に貼着することによって、既存の蛍光灯にでも貼り替え可能に使用することができる。この場合、プラスチックフィルムとしては、特に制限されないが、上記のような使用方法を考慮すれば、通常ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリ塩化ビニル等のプラスチックを厚さ数十〜数百μm程度のフィルム状に成形したものが好適に使用される。また、粘着加工としては、例えば室内用品のような種々の対象物に上記プラスチックフィルムを貼り付けることができる限りその手段は特に制限されるものではない。
【0016】
本発明の光触媒体は、公知の光触媒体と同様にして使用することができ、例えばこの光触媒体の表面に光を照射することによって表面に形成された光触媒膜が励起し、殺菌、脱臭等の作用を発揮するもので、水浄化、空気浄化、消臭、油分の分解などに用いることができるものである。この際、基材と光触媒膜との間に下地膜が介在していることにより、基材が例えば有機系材料からなる場合であっても基材が劣化することもなく長時間使用することができ、また、例えば基材がアモルファスな材料からなる場合であっても光触媒膜の光触媒活性を良好に発揮させることができる。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明の光触媒体は、基材を劣化させることなく長時間使用することが可能であると共に、光触媒膜の光触媒活性を良好に発揮させることができ、光触媒膜が薄い場合であっても高い光触媒活性が得られる。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例に制限されるものではない。
【0019】
〔実施例1,比較例1〕
4×5(cm2)のポリエステル不織布を基材として使用し、この基材に対し、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット Ti)で、不活性ガスとしてアルゴンガス5ml/分をスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.2kWで基材表面全体に5分成膜を行って、基材上に3000ÅのTi薄膜からなる下地膜を形成した後、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット Ti)で、酸化用ガスとして酸素5ml/分をアルゴンガス5ml/分とともにスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.2kWで基材表面に形成された下地膜表面全体に60分成膜を行って、3000ÅのTiO2薄膜からなる光触媒膜を形成して実施例1の光触媒体を得た。一方、実施例1において、下地膜を介在させない以外は実施例1と同様にして基材表面全体に光触媒膜を形成して比較例1の光触媒体を得た。
【0020】
これらの光触媒体について、サンシャインウェザーメーターに500時間暴露する前後の光触媒体の破壊強度を測定し、その破壊強度の変化を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0021】
【表1】
表1によれば、本発明の光触媒体は光暴露による基材の劣化を防止することが認められる。
【0022】
〔実施例2,比較例2〕
実施例1において、基材として4×5(cm2)のパイレックスガラスを使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして実施例2の光触媒体を得た。一方、比較例1において、基材として4×5(cm2)のパイレックスガラスを使用した以外は比較例1と同様にして比較例2の光触媒体を得た。
【0023】
これらの光触媒体を22mlのアマランス(赤色顔料)溶液(3mg/リットル)中に浸し、250W超高圧水銀灯(300nm以下をカット)を照射して、その濃度変化を紫外−可視分光光度計で測定し、アマランスの分解率を求めた。結果を表2に示す。
【0024】
【表2】
表2によれば、本発明の光触媒体は光触媒活性を良好に発揮することが認められる。
【0025】
〔実施例3,比較例3〕
4×5(cm2)のポリエステルフィルムを基材として使用し、この基材に対し、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット Al)で、不活性ガスとしてアルゴンガス5ml/分をスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.0kWで基材表面全体に1分間成膜を行って、基材上に500ÅのAl薄膜からなる下地膜を形成した後、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット Ti)で、酸化用ガスとして酸素5ml/分をアルゴンガス5ml/分とともにスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.2kWで基材表面に形成された下地膜表面全体に60分間成膜を行って、3000ÅのTiO2薄膜からなる光触媒膜を形成して実施例3の光触媒体を得た。一方、実施例3において、下地膜を介在させない以外は実施例3と同様にして基材表面全体に光触媒膜を形成して比較例3の光触媒体を得た。
【0026】
これらの光触媒体を22mlのアマランス溶液(3mg/リットル)中に浸し、250W超高圧水銀灯(300nm以下をカット)を照射して、その濃度変化を紫外−可視分光光度計で測定し、アマランスの分解率を求めた。なお、基材のみについても同様の測定を行った。結果を表3に示す。
【0027】
【表3】
表3によれば、本発明の光触媒体は光触媒活性を良好に発揮することが認められる。
【0028】
〔実施例4,比較例4〕
4×5(cm2)のポリエステルフィルムを基材として使用し、この基材に対し、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット SnO2)で、不活性ガスとしてアルゴンガス5ml/分をスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.2kWで基材表面全体に5分成膜を行って、基材上に3000ÅのSnO2薄膜からなる下地膜を形成した後、対向スパッタリング法(ターゲット Ti)で、酸化用ガスとして酸素5ml/分をアルゴンガス5ml/分とともにスパッタ装置内に流し、ガス圧5mTorr、ターゲット投入パワー1.2kWで基材表面に形成された下地膜表面全体に60分成膜を行って、3000ÅのTiO2薄膜からなる光触媒膜を形成して実施例4の光触媒体を得た。一方、実施例4において、下地膜を介在させない以外は実施例4と同様にして基材表面全体に光触媒膜を形成して比較例4の光触媒体を得た。
【0029】
これらの光触媒体について、サンシャインウェザーメーターに500時間暴露する前後の光触媒体の破壊強度を測定し、その破壊強度の変化を調べた。結果を表4に示す。
【0030】
【表4】
表4によれば、本発明の光触媒体は光暴露による基材の劣化を防止することが認められる。
【0031】
〔実施例5,比較例5〕
実施例4において、基材として4×5(cm2)のパイレックスガラスを使用した以外は実施例4と同様にして実施例5の光触媒体を得た。一方、比較例4において、基材として4×5(cm2)のパイレックスガラスを使用した以外は比較例4と同様にして比較例5の光触媒体を得た。
【0032】
これらの光触媒体を22mlのアマランス溶液(3mg/リットル)中に浸し、250W超高圧水銀灯(300nm以下をカット)を照射して、その濃度変化を紫外−可視分光光度計で測定し、アマランスの分解率を求めた。結果を表5に示す。
【0033】
【表5】
表5によれば、本発明の光触媒体は光触媒活性を良好に発揮することが認められる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の構成を説明する断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 光触媒体
2 基材
3 下地膜
4 光触媒膜[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a photocatalyst that is effectively used for water purification, air purification, deodorization, oil decomposition, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, metal oxides such as TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and SrTiO 3 have been widely used as photocatalysts for water purification, air purification, deodorization, oil decomposition, and the like. Such a photocatalyst is usually used in powder form. In order to immobilize this powdery photocatalyst, for example, there is a binder immobilization method in which a powder is mixed with a resin or rubber as a binder, kneaded, applied to a base material, and sintered at several hundred degrees Celsius. In addition, as a method for closely attaching the photocatalyst to the substrate, a metal coating film is prepared using a metal alkoxide solution, and a metal oxide film obtained by a sol-gel method in which the gel coating film is heated at several hundred degrees Celsius is used as the photocatalyst. It is also known. However, since both the binder fixing method and the sol-gel method are heated at a high temperature when forming the metal oxide film as described above, only a heat-resistant substrate can be used. On the other hand, if a metal oxide film obtained by a sputtering method is used as a photocatalyst film, a photocatalyst body coated with the photocatalyst film can be obtained regardless of the type of the base material. When a base material is used, the base material and the photocatalyst film are in direct contact with each other, so that the base material itself is subject to photocatalytic action, and the base material is amorphous such as glass (amorphous, amorphous ), The thinner the photocatalyst film, the lower the crystallinity and orientation of the photocatalyst film due to the influence of the substrate, and the possibility that the catalytic activity of the photocatalyst film will decrease.
[0003]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalyst having not only excellent handling properties and durability, but also good catalytic efficiency, regardless of the type of substrate to be supported.
[0004]
Means for Solving the Problem and Embodiment of the Invention
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have provided a base film such as a metal thin film or a metal oxide thin film between the base material and the photocatalyst film, thereby depending on the type of the base material. In addition, it has been found that the deterioration can be prevented and the crystallinity and orientation of the photocatalyst film can be improved, thereby improving the photocatalytic activity. When a thin film obtained by a sputtering method is used as the film, the heat resistance of the substrate does not become a problem, and the above object can be achieved more effectively, and the present invention has been made.
[0005]
Accordingly, the present invention provides the following photocatalyst and a method for producing the same.
Claim 1:
A photocatalyst body in which a photocatalyst film is laminated on a base material with a base film interposed therebetween, wherein the base film is Ti, Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, In, Mg A photocatalyst that is a metal thin film made of Sn, Sn, or Zn, or a metal oxide thin film made of SiO, BeO, or SnO 2 .
Claim 2:
The photocatalyst body according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of an organic material.
Claim 3:
Metal oxide obtained by performing reactive sputtering using a metal target in a metal thin film obtained by performing sputtering using a metal target, or an inert gas containing a gas having oxygen molecules The photocatalyst according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the photocatalyst film is a metal oxide film obtained by performing reactive sputtering using a metal target in an inert gas containing a gas having oxygen molecules. body.
Claim 4:
The base material made of an organic material is a plastic film, a photocatalyst film is laminated on the surface of the plastic film with a base film interposed therebetween, and adhesive processing is applied to the back surface of the plastic film. The photocatalyst described.
Claim 5:
A metal thin film made of Ti, Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, In, Mg, Sn, or Zn, or a metal made of SiO, BeO, or SnO 2 on the substrate. A method of manufacturing a photocatalyst body in which an oxide thin film is stacked as a base film and then a photocatalyst film is further stacked, wherein the base film is formed by a sputtering method using a metal target or a gas containing oxygen molecules. The photocatalytic film is formed by a reactive sputtering method performed using a metal target in an inert gas containing a gas having oxygen molecules while being formed by a reactive sputtering method performed using a metal target in an active gas. A method for producing a photocatalyst body.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a photocatalyst body 1 illustrating the configuration of the photocatalyst body of the present invention. This photocatalyst body 1 is obtained by forming a photocatalyst film 4 on a base material 2 with a base film 3 interposed therebetween. Here, the material and shape of the substrate are not particularly limited, and any material can be used as long as it is usually used as a substrate of a photocatalyst, for example, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, silicone, polystyrene. Such as plastic materials, polyester-based, polyamide-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based synthetic fibers, organic materials such as woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics made of natural fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, etc., and inorganic materials such as glass, quartz, ceramics, silica, etc. Inorganic materials such as metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel can be used, but the present invention is particularly effective when the substrate is made of an organic material (organic substance).
[0007]
The base film is not particularly limited as long as it can be interposed between the base material and the photocatalyst film and does not deteriorate the base material and does not impair the catalytic activity of the photocatalyst film. , for example Ti, Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, in, Mg, Sn, metal thin film and SiO such as Zn, SiO 2, BeO, MgO, Al 2 O 3, SnO 2 , there may be mentioned a metal oxide thin film such as ZrO 2, in view of the purposes of the present invention, when the metal thin film, in particular Ag of these, Ni, Cu, Au, Ti , Al, Pt, Pd , etc. In the case of a metal oxide thin film, SiO, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SnO 2 or the like having no photocatalytic activity is preferably used. The thickness of the undercoat film is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably in the range of several tens to several thousand to achieve the object of the present invention. The undercoat film can be formed on the substrate by a known wet plating, electroless plating, vacuum deposition method, ion plating method, CVD method, sol-gel method or the like. When the film is formed, the heat resistance of the base material does not become a problem at the time of film formation, and the room for selection of the material of the base material is widened.
[0008]
As the photocatalytic film, a metal oxide film such as TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and SrTiO 3 is used. Here, the thickness of the photocatalyst film is not particularly limited and can be variously selected depending on the use of the photocatalyst body. In the case of the present invention, the photocatalyst film exhibits good catalytic activity due to the presence of the base film. Therefore, in the case of a relatively thin photocatalyst film of several hundred to several thousand liters, it is particularly effective in improving the catalytic activity. The film thickness ratio between the base film and the photocatalyst film is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to set the base film / photocatalyst film to about 0.1 to 10. The photocatalyst film can be formed by a known binder fixing method, vacuum deposition method, ion plating method, CVD method, sol-gel method, etc., as well as the above base film, but the sputtering method is preferably employed. Is done.
[0009]
Hereinafter, a sputtering method suitably employed as a method for forming the base film and the photocatalytic film of the present invention will be described.
[0010]
The sputtering method for forming a base film made of a metal thin film is a method in which sputtering is performed using a metal target in a vacuum or an inert gas. The metal target used here is desired in the above-described metal thin film. It is a metal that forms a metal thin film.
[0011]
In addition, the (reactive) sputtering method for forming a base film made of a metal oxide is a method in which sputtering is performed while oxidizing a metal target in an inert gas containing a gas containing oxygen molecules. However, as the metal target used here, the desired metal oxide MeO x (Me represents a metal such as Si, Al, Mg, Be, Zr, etc.) in the above-described metal oxide thin film, and x represents the metal type. A metal such as Si, Al, Mg, Be, Zr corresponding to a positive number in the range of 0 to 10, preferably 0 to 5, and x does not necessarily correspond to the valence of the metal. It is.
[0012]
In the case of a photocatalytic film, the metal target is a desired metal oxide MeO x (Me represents a metal such as Fe, W, SrTi, Ti, Zn, etc., and x varies depending on the type of metal, but 0 to 10, Preferably, it is a positive number in the range of 0 to 5, and x does not necessarily correspond to the valence of the metal), and particularly TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe excellent as a photocatalyst. It is a metal corresponding to 2 O 3 , SrTiO 3, etc., and is sputtered while oxidizing such a metal target in an inert gas containing a gas containing oxygen molecules, and from a metal oxide film having a photocatalytic action A photocatalytic film is formed.
[0013]
Here, as the inert gas for sputtering, helium, argon or the like is used, and industrially inexpensive argon is particularly preferable. In the case of reactive sputtering, a metal is sputtered from the metal target in the presence of an inert gas containing oxygen molecule-containing gas (oxidizing gas), and a desired substrate (in the case of a base film) or below The sputtered metal oxide film is formed on the base film (in the case of a photocatalyst film). Examples of the oxidizing gas include oxygen, ozone, air, and water. Usually, oxygen is used. It is done. In addition, although the flow rate ratio (capacity ratio) of the said inert gas and oxidizing gas is selected suitably, it is preferable to set it as the range of inert gas: oxidizing gas = 100: 0.1-100: 1000.
[0014]
In the present invention, sputtering conditions such as sputtering apparatus, reactive sputtering apparatus, and sputtering pressure are not particularly limited, and known apparatuses and conditions can be employed. For example, an apparatus such as DC magnetron sputtering or counter sputtering can be used, and the pressure during sputtering can be from high vacuum to atmospheric pressure, but it is usually performed under a vacuum of 1 mTorr to 1 Torr.
[0015]
In the photocatalyst of the present invention, a plastic film is used as a base material, the base film is formed on the surface, the photocatalyst film is further formed thereon, and then the back surface of the plastic film is subjected to adhesive processing. It can also be made. According to such a photocatalyst body, it can be used so that it can be pasted on an existing fluorescent lamp, for example, by sticking to the surface of a reflector of the fluorescent lamp. In this case, the plastic film is not particularly limited, but in consideration of the above-described usage, plastics such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polyvinyl chloride are usually several tens to several hundreds of micrometers in thickness. Those formed into a film are preferably used. Moreover, as an adhesive process, the means in particular is not restrict | limited as long as the said plastic film can be affixed on various objects, such as indoor goods, for example.
[0016]
The photocatalyst of the present invention can be used in the same manner as known photocatalysts. For example, by irradiating the surface of the photocatalyst with light, the photocatalyst film formed on the surface is excited, and sterilization, deodorization, etc. It exerts its action and can be used for water purification, air purification, deodorization, oil decomposition, and the like. At this time, since the base film is interposed between the base material and the photocatalyst film, the base material can be used for a long time without deterioration even if the base material is made of an organic material, for example. In addition, for example, even when the substrate is made of an amorphous material, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic film can be exhibited well.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
The photocatalyst of the present invention can be used for a long time without deteriorating the base material, can exhibit the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst film well, and has a high photocatalyst even when the photocatalyst film is thin. Activity is obtained.
[0018]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are shown and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited to the following Example.
[0019]
[Example 1, Comparative Example 1]
A polyester nonwoven fabric of 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) is used as a base material, and an argon gas of 5 ml / min as an inert gas is caused to flow into the sputtering apparatus by an opposing sputtering method (target Ti), and the gas pressure is increased. A film was formed on the entire surface of the substrate for 5 minutes at 5 mTorr and a target input power of 1.2 kW to form a base film made of a 3000 Ti Ti thin film on the substrate, and then subjected to oxidation by a counter sputtering method (target Ti). Oxygen 5 ml / min as argon gas was allowed to flow into the sputtering apparatus together with argon gas 5 ml / min, and film formation was performed for 60 minutes on the entire base film surface formed on the substrate surface with a gas pressure of 5 mTorr and a target input power of 1.2 kW. A photocatalyst film composed of a 3000 TiO 2 thin film was formed to obtain the photocatalyst of Example 1. On the other hand, in Example 1, a photocatalyst film was formed on the entire surface of the substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no base film was interposed, so that a photocatalyst of Comparative Example 1 was obtained.
[0020]
For these photocatalysts, the breaking strength of the photocatalyst before and after exposure to a sunshine weather meter for 500 hours was measured, and the change in the breaking strength was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
[Table 1]
According to Table 1, it is recognized that the photocatalyst of the present invention prevents the deterioration of the substrate due to light exposure.
[0022]
[Example 2, Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, the photocatalyst of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) Pyrex glass was used as the base material. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, a photocatalyst of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) Pyrex glass was used as the substrate.
[0023]
These photocatalysts are immersed in 22 ml of amaranth (red pigment) solution (3 mg / liter), irradiated with a 250 W ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (cut below 300 nm), and the concentration change is measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The decomposition ratio of amaranth was obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0024]
[Table 2]
According to Table 2, it is recognized that the photocatalyst of the present invention exhibits a good photocatalytic activity.
[0025]
Example 3 and Comparative Example 3
A polyester film of 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) is used as a base material, and an argon gas of 5 ml / min as an inert gas is allowed to flow into the sputtering apparatus by an opposing sputtering method (target Al). After forming a film on the entire surface of the substrate for 1 minute at 5 mTorr and target input power of 1.0 kW to form a base film made of a 500 Å Al thin film on the substrate, the surface is oxidized by a counter sputtering method (target Ti). Oxygen 5 ml / min as argon gas was allowed to flow into the sputtering apparatus together with argon gas 5 ml / min, and a film was formed for 60 minutes on the entire surface of the base film formed on the substrate surface with a gas pressure of 5 mTorr and a target input power of 1.2 kW. A photocatalyst film composed of a 3000 TiO 2 thin film was formed to obtain a photocatalyst of Example 3. On the other hand, in Example 3, a photocatalyst film of Comparative Example 3 was obtained by forming a photocatalyst film on the entire substrate surface in the same manner as in Example 3 except that no base film was interposed.
[0026]
These photocatalysts are immersed in 22 ml of amaranth solution (3 mg / liter), irradiated with a 250 W ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (300 nm or less cut), the concentration change is measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and amaranth is decomposed. The rate was determined. In addition, the same measurement was performed only on the base material. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0027]
[Table 3]
According to Table 3, it is recognized that the photocatalyst of the present invention exhibits a good photocatalytic activity.
[0028]
[Example 4, Comparative Example 4]
A polyester film of 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) is used as a base material, and an argon gas of 5 ml / min as an inert gas is allowed to flow in the sputtering apparatus by an opposing sputtering method (target SnO 2 ) to form a gas. A film was formed on the entire surface of the substrate at a pressure of 5 mTorr and a target input power of 1.2 kW for 5 minutes to form a base film made of a 3000 S SnO 2 thin film on the substrate, and then a counter sputtering method (target Ti). Oxygen 5 ml / min as an oxidizing gas is flowed into the sputtering apparatus together with argon gas 5 ml / min, and film formation is performed for 60 minutes on the entire surface of the base film formed on the substrate surface with a gas pressure of 5 mTorr and a target input power of 1.2 kW. A photocatalyst film made of 3000 TiO 2 thin film was formed to obtain a photocatalyst of Example 4. On the other hand, in Example 4, the photocatalyst film of Comparative Example 4 was obtained by forming a photocatalyst film on the entire substrate surface in the same manner as in Example 4 except that no base film was interposed.
[0029]
For these photocatalysts, the breaking strength of the photocatalyst before and after exposure to a sunshine weather meter for 500 hours was measured, and the change in the breaking strength was examined. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0030]
[Table 4]
According to Table 4, it is recognized that the photocatalyst of the present invention prevents the deterioration of the substrate due to light exposure.
[0031]
[Example 5, Comparative Example 5]
In Example 4, the photocatalyst of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) Pyrex glass was used as the base material. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, a photocatalyst of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 4 except that 4 × 5 (cm 2 ) Pyrex glass was used as the substrate.
[0032]
These photocatalysts are immersed in 22 ml of amaranth solution (3 mg / liter), irradiated with a 250 W ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (300 nm or less cut), the concentration change is measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and amaranth is decomposed. The rate was determined. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0033]
[Table 5]
According to Table 5, it is recognized that the photocatalyst of the present invention exhibits a good photocatalytic activity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Photocatalyst body 2 Base material 3 Base film 4 Photocatalyst film
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24730796A JP3781065B2 (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Photocatalyst |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24730796A JP3781065B2 (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Photocatalyst |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1066878A JPH1066878A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
| JP3781065B2 true JP3781065B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24730796A Expired - Lifetime JP3781065B2 (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Photocatalyst |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3781065B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4521644B2 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2010-08-11 | シャープ株式会社 | Method for forming photocatalytic film |
| JP2001240960A (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-09-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Article coated with photocatalytic film, method for manufacturing the article, and sputtering target used to coat the film |
| KR100956214B1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2010-05-04 | 니혼 이타가라스 가부시키가이샤 | Member having photocatalytic function and manufacturing method thereof |
| US7230255B2 (en) | 2003-06-04 | 2007-06-12 | Jong-Seob Shim | Photocatalyst sterilizer |
| JP4362476B2 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2009-11-11 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Member having a photocatalytic function and multi-layer glass |
| JP2005206229A (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2005-08-04 | Mosho Tei | Bottle-shaped container with protective film |
| JP5309006B2 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2013-10-09 | 株式会社細川洋行 | Laminated body and method for producing the same |
| DE102011050758A1 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-06 | Fritz Nauer Ag | Optofluidics reactor |
| JP2014054599A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-27 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Method for producing photocatalytic function material and photocatalytic substrate |
| CN113274995B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-08-08 | 天津大学 | A doped strontium titanate semiconductor material and its preparation method |
| US20250297352A1 (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2025-09-25 | Intermolecular, Inc. | Oxide buffer layer to promote ti02 crystallinity and increase ti02 refractive index for optical applications |
-
1996
- 1996-08-29 JP JP24730796A patent/JP3781065B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| JPH1066878A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
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