JP3783454B2 - Sliding performance input device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a slide-type performance input device suitable for inputting a performance operation of a musical instrument that produces a continuous sound by a slide operation of an operation unit, such as a musical sound of an electronic musical instrument such as a bowed instrument or a wind instrument. The present invention relates to a slide-type performance input device that inputs force information by pressing an operation unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in an electronic musical instrument using a physical model sound source, in order to input parameters such as bow speed and bow pressure of a bowed instrument, breath pressure and embouchure (a quantity corresponding to the pressing force of the lips) of a wind instrument, for example, Patent No. As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2616148, the slide-type performance input device shown in FIG. 8 is used. In this slide-type performance input device, a slide volume 100 having a knob 91 is attached to a main body frame or an operator frame (not shown) with pressure-sensitive sensors 92 and 93 sandwiched between lower ends of both ends.
[0003]
In this slide-type performance input device, speed information corresponding to the bow speed and breath pressure is obtained by detecting the position of the knob 91 with the slide volume 100 and performing time differentiation, and the pressing force applied to the knob 91 is changed. By sensing with the pressure-sensitive sensors 92 and 93, force information (or pressure information) corresponding to arch pressure or embouchure is obtained. Note that force information can be obtained from an added value or an arithmetic average value of the outputs of the pressure sensitive sensors 92 and 93.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional slide-type performance input device as described above, since the outputs of the pressure-sensitive sensors 92 and 93 corresponding to the pressing force applied to the knob 91 have a substantially linear characteristic, force information such as bow pressure and embouchure is obtained. It was difficult to input the sudden rise of.
[0005]
For example, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a time change of speed information and force information obtained by operating the conventional slide type performance input device. By moving the knob 91, the speed information v gradually increases. It becomes a substantially constant value and then gradually decreases. This is a normal slide operation method. On the other hand, the force information F rises at the start of the movement of the knob 91 or just before it, increases gradually as the pressing force increases, and then changes according to the pressing force. However, this force information F can only be changed as shown in the drawing, and it is difficult to delay the rising point or to make a sudden change. For this reason, it is insufficient for performing a variety of performance inputs.
[0006]
It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to make a sudden change in force information in a slide-type performance input device, and to allow arbitrary operation of the rising point of the force information, thereby enabling a variety of performance inputs. And
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slide-type performance input device that includes an operation unit moving means that can move in any one direction substantially parallel to a fixed surface of a fixed base, and movement information that detects movement information of the operation unit moving means. A detecting means, an elastic displacement member provided in the operating portion moving means and capable of elastic displacement in the fixed surface direction and having a maximum displacement portion; a displacement detecting means for detecting displacement of the elastic displacement member; and the elasticity An operating portion that is provided in the vicinity of the maximum displacement portion of the displacement member and is floated by an elastic means that is more easily elastically deformed than the elastic displacement member with respect to the elastic displacement member. It is characterized in that it can be arbitrarily displaced from a position to a connected state to the elastic displacement member. In addition, the arbitrary one direction substantially parallel to the fixed surface of the fixing base includes the case where one direction is completely parallel to the fixed surface. In addition, the term “arbitrary” means that there are innumerable directions parallel to the fixed surface, but one of them.
[0008]
According to the sliding performance input device of claim 1 configured as described above, the operation portion is floated by the elastic means in the vicinity of the maximum displacement portion of the elastic displacement member, and the elastic displacement member is provided in the operation portion moving means. Therefore, when the operation unit is moved in one direction substantially parallel to the fixed surface, the movement information can be detected by the movement information detecting means, and for example, speed information can be obtained from the movement information. Further, when the operating portion is pressed toward the elastic displacement member, the elastic displacement member is displaced by the pressing force, and the displacement can be detected by the displacement detection means, and force information can be obtained from the displacement information.
[0009]
Here, when the elastic displacement member is elastically displaced by the pressing of the operation portion, when the pressing force is applied to the elastic displacement member via the elastic means (hereinafter referred to as “first state”), the elastic means. May be deformed elastically so that the operating portion is in contact with the elastic displacement member, and a pressing force is applied directly from the operating portion to the elastic displacement member (hereinafter referred to as “second state”).
[0010]
In the first state, since the elastic means is more easily elastically deformed than the elastic displacement member, most of the displacement of the operation portion is absorbed by the elastic means, and the amount of displacement of the elastic displacement member is smaller than the displacement of the operation portion. On the other hand, in the second state, the displacement of the operation portion is directly the displacement of the elastic displacement member. Further, the first state and the second state can be arbitrarily switched by pressing force. Therefore, when pressing the operation unit, the force information can be abruptly raised by changing from the first state to the second state, and this rising can be set to an arbitrary time point.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a principal block diagram of an instrument system using the slide performance input device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The slide-type performance input device 1 includes a potentiometer 11 as movement information detecting means, and the potentiometer 11 is fixed to the instrument body A as a fixed base. Further, the potentiometer 11 is provided with a gondola 12 as an operation unit moving means so as to be movable, and this gondola 12 is in one direction parallel to the fixed surface A1 of the musical instrument main body (indicated by an arrow (1) in FIG. 2). Direction). Thereby, when the position of the gondola 12 is changed by the slide operation by the performer, the position information of the gondola 12 is obtained by the potentiometer 11, and this position information is input to the speed information detection unit 10. Further, a metal plate 13 as an elastic displacement member is disposed on the gondola 12, and as will be described later, the displacement of the metal plate 13 is detected by a strain gauge 14, and displacement information is obtained. Is input to the force information detector 20.
[0012]
The speed information detection unit 10 time-differentiates the change in position based on the position information to obtain speed information when the gondola 12 is slid, and this speed information is input to the MIDI signal conversion unit 30. The force information detection unit 20 converts the displacement information into force information corresponding to the pressing force, and the force information is input to the MIDI signal conversion unit 30. The MIDI signal converter 30 converts speed information and force information into MIDI standard parameters, and outputs each parameter to the sound source 40 together with data indicating the type of the parameter. The MIDI standard parameters are obtained by converting the dynamic range of speed information and force information into numerical values of 0 to 127, for example.
[0013]
The sound source 40 is a physical model sound source that simulates, for example, a bowed instrument or a wind instrument, and generates a sound by controlling a musical tone according to a MIDI standard parameter. For example, in the case of a physical model sound source of a bowed instrument, the velocity information parameter output from the MIDI signal conversion unit 30 is processed as the bow speed parameter, and the force information parameter is processed as the bow pressure parameter. In the case of a wind instrument physical model sound source, the velocity information parameter output from the MIDI signal conversion unit 30 is processed as a breath pressure parameter, and the force information parameter is processed as an embouchure parameter.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a partially fragmented front view showing the main part around the operation unit of the slide-type performance input device 1 of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a metal plate 13 made of aluminum, iron or the like as an elastic displacement member is laid on the gondola 12 in a doubly supported state by a block portion 13a. The metal plate 13 can be elastically displaced in the direction of the fixed surface of the musical instrument main body A (the direction of the arrow (2) in FIGS. 1 and 2), and is supported at both ends by the block portion 13a. The central part is the maximum displacement part. Further, a strain gauge 14 as a displacement detection means for taking out the displacement of the metal plate 13 as a signal is attached to a part of the metal plate 13.
[0015]
A square column post 15 is erected at the center of the metal plate 13 (near the maximum displacement portion), and a cylinder 16 having a vertical hole 16 a aligned with the outer periphery of the column 15 is fitted into the column 15. ing. A knob 17 is attached to the upper end of the cylinder 16 with a screw 19. The cylinder 16 and the knob 17 constitute an operation unit. FIG. 3 is a top view ((A)), a side view ((B)), and a front view ((C)) of the cylinder 16, with the lower end portion of the cylinder 16 being lowered on the front side and the back side of the cylinder 16. A projecting piece 16b is formed so that both side surfaces of the lower end portion of the cylinder 16 are stepped back 16c. A boss portion 16d and a screw hole 16e for attaching a knob 17 are formed at the upper end portion of the cylinder 16.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, between the step 16c of the cylinder 16 and the metal plate 13, a block-shaped elastic material 18 having a height higher than the length in the vertical direction of the protruding piece 16b is disposed as an elastic means. ing. The cylinder 16 and the knob 17 (operation part) are suspended from the metal plate 13 by the elastic material 18. That is, a gap is formed between the lower end surface of the projecting piece 16 b that is the lowermost end of the cylinder 16 and the upper surface of the metal plate 13.
[0017]
The elastic material 18 is a member (for example, felt, silicon rubber, or the like) that acts as a cushioning material to the metal plate 13 against the pressing force of the cylinder 16. The elastic material 18 is more elastically deformed than the metal plate 13. It is easy. For this reason, it acts as follows. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the cylinder 16, the elastic member 18, and the metal plate 13. FIG. 4 (A) shows the first state, and FIG. 4 (B) shows the second state. Yes. 4 corresponds to the state shown in FIG.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 4A, when a pressing force is applied to the cylinder 16 by operating the knob 17, the elastic member 18 is elastically deformed by the pressing force. At this time, the metal plate 13 is interposed via the elastic member 18. In addition, since the pressing force is applied, the metal plate 13 is also elastically deformed downward. However, since the elastic member 18 is elastically deformed, the downward displacement d of the metal plate 13 is smaller than the downward displacement D of the cylinder 16. However, as shown in FIG. 4B, when a further pressing force is applied to the cylinder 16, the elastic material 18 is elastically deformed, and the projecting piece 16 b of the cylinder 16 comes into contact with the metal plate 13. Therefore, thereafter, the downward displacement of the cylinder 16 becomes the downward displacement of the metal plate 13 as it is.
[0019]
Therefore, the relationship between the displacement of the operation unit (cylinder 16, knob 17) and the displacement output output from the strain gauge 14 is as shown in FIG. In general, when the player operates the knob 17 by hand, a large load is applied when a large displacement is applied to the operation unit, and a small load is applied when a small displacement is applied to the operation unit. That is, it can be said that the displacement of the operation unit corresponds to the virtual load of the performer. In the range a (first state) in which the elastic member 18 acts as a cushion, the change in displacement output with respect to the displacement of the operating portion is small (the inclination is small), and the projecting piece 16b of the cylinder 16 contacts the metal plate 18. In the range b (second state) after the contact, the displacement change with respect to the displacement of the operation unit is large (the inclination is small).
[0020]
Therefore, by performing the slide operation for operating the knob 17 in the horizontal direction with the displacement of the range a (the load corresponding thereto), for example, the position information (the force information) by the potentiometer 11 is hardly changed. Therefore, only the speed information) can be changed. However, by appropriately setting the cross-sectional shape or cross-sectional area of the beam structure portion of the metal plate 13 and taking into account the sensitivity of the bending sensor such as the secondary moment of the cross-section and the strain gauge 14, it is possible to obtain information that changes rapidly. It is also possible to obtain the position information while obtaining appropriate displacement information (which corresponds to the force information F). For example, simultaneous progress information is obtained by a combination of force information F and velocity information v that change slowly as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In addition, even when a slide operation is being performed, the load can be changed at any time from the range a to the range b, so that the displacement information (and hence the force information) can be suddenly started at that time, Further, the displacement information (and hence the force information) can be rapidly lowered by returning the load so as to change from the range a to the range b.
[0021]
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of changes in force information and speed information due to a performance operation of the slide performance input device 1 according to the embodiment. In this example, when the operation is started, the slide operation is performed while adjusting the pressing force to the pressing force corresponding to the range a (first state), and the speed information v starts to increase. Then, at the time t1 when the speed information v increases to some extent, the pressing force is increased and switched to the pressing force corresponding to the range b (second state), so that the force information F is suddenly started up. Thereby, the intersection of the speed information v and the force information F can be delayed from the operation start. Such an operation is not possible with a conventional slide-type performance input device. Further, as indicated by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 6, the force information F can be changed abruptly even during the slide operation, and various performance inputs can be performed. For example, since force information can be raised suddenly, for example, when force information is used as arch pressure, a staccato performance method is possible, and when it is used as an embouchure, tongue playing method is possible. . Furthermore, since the characteristics of the slide-type performance input device 1 according to the structure of the metal plate 13 and the sensitivity of the strain gauge 14 and the operational feeling can be easily understood, for example, it is shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. As described above, it is possible to obtain force information F that gradually changes according to the performance of the performer.
[0022]
As described above, according to the present invention, force information that suddenly rises can be given to a physical model sound source such as a bowed instrument or a wind instrument, but the present invention is not limited to a physical model sound source, and is not limited to a waveform memory. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to various sound sources such as type sound sources and FM sound sources. In addition, various performances can be performed by applying to various types of musical instruments regardless of the type of musical instrument.
[0023]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the metal plate 13 as an elastic displacement member is a cantilever structure, a cantilever structure may be sufficient. In this case, the maximum displacement portion of the elastic displacement member is a free end. In this case, if the line connecting the cantilever and the free end is orthogonal to the sliding direction of the potentiometer or the like, the elastic displacement member can be equally displaced during any operation in the sliding direction. it can.
[0024]
In the above embodiment, the example in which the slide-type performance input device is attached to the instrument body as a fixed base has been described. However, the slide-type performance input device of the present invention is separate from a musical instrument or the like, and is a table. Alternatively, it may be fixed on a desk or operated.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the slide type performance input device of the first aspect of the present invention, in the slide type performance input device, it is possible to add a sudden change to the force information, and to arbitrarily set the rising point of the force information. It can be operated, and a variety of performance input becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially fragmented front view showing a main part around an operation unit in a slide performance input device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a principal block diagram of a musical instrument system using the slide performance input device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view, a side view, and a front view of a cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a cylinder, an elastic material, and a metal plate in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement of the operation unit and the displacement output detected by the strain cage in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of changes in force information and speed information according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a time change of speed information and force information obtained by operating a conventional slide-type performance input device.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional slide performance input device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Slide-type performance input device, 11 ... Potentiometer (movement information detection means), 12 ... Gondola (operation part movement means), 13 ... Metal plate (elastic displacement member), 14 ... Strain gauge (displacement detection means), 16 ... cylinder, 17 ... knob, 18 ... elastic material (elastic means)

Claims (1)

An operation unit moving means capable of moving in any one direction substantially parallel to the fixed surface of the fixed base;
Movement information detecting means for detecting movement information of the operation unit moving means;
An elastic displacement member provided in the operating portion moving means, capable of elastic displacement in the fixed surface direction and having a maximum displacement portion;
Displacement detecting means for detecting the displacement of the elastic displacement member;
An operating portion that is provided in the vicinity of the maximum displacement portion of the elastic displacement member and is floated by elastic means that is more easily elastically deformed than the elastic displacement member with respect to the elastic displacement member;
Consists of
A slide-type performance input device characterized in that the operation unit can be arbitrarily displaced from the floating position to a state of contact with the elastic displacement member.

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