JP3789595B2 - Automatic vent opening / closing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation opening that can automatically perform summer ventilation and winter insulation in a highly airtight and highly insulated house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, ventilation openings are provided in the foundation and the back of a hut for ventilation of buildings, but many have provided a lattice with respect to the opening. Although such an open-type ventilation opening provides good ventilation in the summer, it has poor heat insulation in the winter and is not suitable for a highly airtight and highly insulated house. Recently, a method of manually opening and closing the ventilation opening with respect to the base part is also seen, but it is cumbersome and there is a question as to whether it is used properly. A number of ventilation openings that automatically open and close using a shape memory material have been developed. However, the structure is complicated, and there is a problem in durability in the case of an extrusion method using a pitch spring.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is intended to provide a ventilator capable of automatically performing summer ventilation and winter insulation in a highly airtight and highly insulated house.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Here, the inventor first has a large number of projections at regular intervals that mesh with gears that rotate integrally with the ventilation plate on the same axis as the rotation axis of the heat insulating ventilation plate attached to the ventilation port. A shape memory material that expands and contracts with temperature at one end of a rod-shaped body, a coil spring is joined to the other end, and an automatic opening / closing device for a building with both ends fixed is attached to the ventilation port. The slider crank mechanism is composed of a rotating shaft of a heat-insulating ventilation plate, a pair connecting a pair provided on a surface orthogonal to the rotating shaft of the ventilation plate and a pair provided on a moving piece reciprocating in a fixed groove. The shape memory material that expands and contracts with temperature and the coil spring are connected to the moving piece so as to face each other, and the automatic opening / closing device for the building ventilating structure in which both ends thereof are fixed, and the ventilation opening having the third rotating shaft Reciprocate between the back of the heat insulating ventilation plate and the fixed groove A moving piece is connected with a wire via a pulley, a shape memory material that expands and contracts with temperature is connected to the moving piece, its tip is fixed, and a coil spring for closing the vent is attached to the ventilation plate Each of these automatic vent opening / closing devices is found, and fourthly, in these automatic vent opening / closing devices, a switch pressing projection for energizing the ventilation fan is provided via a compression spring at the tip of the ventilation plate. I found it.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The heat insulating ventilation plate attached to the ventilation port used in the present invention is formed using a synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane in order to obtain heat insulation, and the shape thereof can be circular, square, or the like. . Further, the automatic opening / closing device for the ventilation opening is incorporated in a frame body made of synthetic resin or the like, so that the installation work is facilitated. The rotating shaft of the heat insulating ventilation plate is pivotally supported or pivotally supported by the frame. One or two ventilation plates are suitable for use, and the opening and closing thereof is based on the rotation in the horizontal direction. However, the ventilation plate can also be constituted by the rotation in the vertical direction.
[0006]
The shape memory material that expands and contracts depending on the temperature used in the present invention uses a contact spring in consideration of durability. Therefore, the shape memory material used in the present invention is selected from those that soften and lose their elasticity and lose their shape when cold at 5 to 10 ° C. In a hot period of 20 to 30 ° C., the springs contract and come into close contact, and a tensile force is generated during this time.
[0007]
In the present invention, the tensile force of the shape memory material is used at a predetermined temperature or higher, and the tensile force of a coil spring called a bias spring is used at a predetermined temperature or lower, and a reciprocating motion is formed in accordance with a temperature change. It is like that. For this reason, the tensile force of the coil spring is inferior to the tensile force of the shape memory material at the time of contraction, but when the tensile force of the shape memory material acts, it is set to such an extent that the coil spring cushions it. In addition, the part where the shape memory material is built in is installed at the tip of the ventilation opening so that the outside air temperature can be easily detected. In addition, a metal net is attached to the outer surface of the ventilation port to prevent small animals such as insects and garbage from entering, and the automatic opening / closing device for the ventilation port is maintained.
[0008]
In the first invention, the rod-shaped body having a large number of protrusions at equal intervals moves backward in the winter and forward in the summer. With this movement, the gear rotates, and the ventilation plate integrated with the gear closes and opens. However, when closing, instead of setting the end position of the coil spring, a stopper is installed at the closed position of the ventilation plate. In addition, since a rack is included in the rod-shaped body which has many protrusion parts at equal intervals, the relationship with a gearwheel corresponds to what is called a rack and a pinion.
[0009]
When there is one ventilation plate, the rotation axis of the ventilation plate is provided in the central direction of the ventilation plate, usually in the vertical direction. When there are two ventilation plates, the rotation shaft is provided close to the adjacent portion of the ventilation plate, that is, the central portion of the whole. In this case, gears are used for each, but a single rod-shaped body having a large number of protrusions is sufficient. When there are two ventilation plates, it is easy to take the left and right of the ventilation opening.
[0010]
In the second invention, a rotating shaft of a heat insulating ventilation plate attached to the ventilation port, a pair provided on a surface orthogonal to the rotating shaft of the ventilation plate and a pair provided on a moving piece reciprocating in the fixed groove Since the slider crank mechanism is constituted by the link connecting the two and the rotating shaft is fixed, the pair provided on the surface perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the ventilation plate makes a circular motion by the reciprocating motion in the fixed groove of the moving piece. As a result, the ventilation plate forming the radius closes and opens the ventilation opening at both end positions at an angle of 90 degrees.
[0011]
In order to make the reciprocating motion of the moving piece correspond to a change in the outside air temperature, a shape memory material that expands and contracts by temperature and a coil spring are connected to the moving piece so as to face each other. The ventilation plate can usually be composed of one sheet or two sheets. In addition, the horizontal direction is appropriate for the opening and closing direction of the ventilation plate.
[0012]
In the third aspect of the invention, a moving piece that reciprocates in the fixed groove and a back surface of a heat insulating ventilation plate for attachment to a ventilation opening having a rotating shaft is connected by a wire through a pulley, and is expanded and contracted by temperature. A deformable shape memory material is connected, and a torsion spring for closing the ventilation port is attached in the vicinity of the rotation axis of the ventilation plate.
[0013]
As a result, since the close spring of the shape memory material is softened in winter, the torsion spring expands and the ventilation plate closes the ventilation opening. At that time, the closed position of the ventilation plate is determined by a stopper. In the summer, the close contact spring of the shape memory material contracts to the limit and exerts a tensile force to close the torsion spring, so that the ventilation plate opens the ventilation opening. It is necessary to adjust each part to operate in this way. It is sufficient to use one or two ventilation plates.
[0014]
In the above vent opening automatic opening / closing device, if you want to automatically activate the ventilator when the ventilator reaches a predetermined high temperature and is fully opened, a switch for energizing the ventilator at the tip of the ventilating plate A pressing projection may be provided via a compression spring. The compression spring suppresses the pressing of the projection so that the switch pressing projection is activated only when the ventilation port reaches a predetermined high temperature and the shape memory material contracts to a predetermined position. Therefore, if the compression spring is set outside the projection so as to surround the projection, for example, it is effective.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
(Part 1) By reciprocating motion of a rod-like moving body FIGS. 1 and 2 show a case in which one ventilation plate 1 is used. The vent is circular. A rotating shaft 2 of the ventilation plate 1 is located in a portion corresponding to the diameter of the cross section in the cylindrical frame, and a gear 3 is provided near the upper end surface of the ventilation plate 1 coaxially with the rotating shaft 2. A rod-shaped body having a large number of annular projections at equal intervals, that is, a rod-shaped moving body 4 is installed so as to mesh with the gear 3. There are a cylinder A having a shape memory material 12 built in a close contact spring in front of the rod-shaped moving body 4 and a cylinder B having a tension spring 13 in the rear, which are fixed. The shaft portion of the rod-like moving body 4 can go in and out of the cylinder A, and the projection portion of the rod-like moving body 4 can go in and out of the cylinder B. As the shape memory material, a material that softens at 5 ° C. or less and closes the ventilation plate 1 and contracts at 25 ° C. or more to open the ventilation plate 1 is used. In addition, while reaching 30 ° C. and the ventilation plate is further opened, the projection 14 of the ventilation plate pushes the attached compression spring to push the switch of the ventilation fan. Moreover, in order to set the position where the ventilation board 1 closes, the stopper-11 is attached.
[0016]
3 and 4 show a case where two ventilation plates 1 are used. In this case, the rod-shaped moving body 4 is shared by the ventilation plates 1.
[0017]
(Part 2) By reciprocating slider crank mechanism FIGS. 5 and 6 show a case where two ventilation plates 1 are used. The ventilation port has a circular shape, and the ventilation plate 1 has a butterfly shape according to this. The slider crank mechanism is composed of a rotary shaft 2 of the ventilation plate 1, a pair 5 provided on the end surface portion of the ventilation plate 1 and a link 6 connecting the pair 5 provided on a moving piece (not shown) reciprocating in the fixed groove. In this configuration, two sets of slider crank mechanisms are formed by one fixed groove. A shape memory material 12 that expands and contracts with temperature is connected to the front side of the moving piece, and a tension spring 13 is connected to the rear side so as to face each other. The shape change with respect to the temperature change of the shape memory material 12 and the tension spring 13 is the same as that described above, and the moving piece reciprocates in response to them, and the ventilation plate 1 opens and closes. Using the stopper-11, the ventilation plate 1 is positioned when closed. A wire mesh is attached to the ventilation opening.
[0018]
(Part 3) Using a torsion spring and an opening wire FIG. 7 shows the structure of a ventilation plate 1 that opens and closes in the vertical direction, which is used for a ventilator having a rectangular shape. A rotary shaft 1 is provided in the horizontal direction, and a moving piece 7 reciprocating in the fixed groove and one place on the back surface of the ventilation plate 1 is connected by a wire 9 via a pulley 8, and a temperature is set before the moving piece 7. A shape memory material 12 that expands and contracts is connected, and a torsion spring 10 for closing the ventilation opening is attached to the ventilation plate 1.
[0019]
With this device, the shape memory material 12 is softened in winter, so the torsion spring 10 is activated and the ventilation plate 1 is closed. At this time, the closed position of the ventilation plate 1 is determined by the stopper 11. On the other hand, since the shape memory material 12 overcomes the torsion spring 10 and contracts in summer, the wire 9 is pulled and the ventilation plate 1 is opened. The wire-9 is suitably a twisted steel wire. A wire mesh is attached to the ventilation opening.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
By using the automatic vent opening / closing device of the present invention, in a conventional building, in the summer season, the moist air can be discharged from the vent under the floor with a ventilator to stop the moisture under the floor. When the back of the hut becomes quite hot and invites a tropical night, the temperature can be lowered by exhausting hot air from the vent with a ventilator. Even in the room, it is possible to ventilate by releasing hot air. In winter, the entrance of cold air can be prevented by closing the ventilation opening with a heat insulating ventilation plate.
In the case of a cold-resistant house that uses air circulation by the so-called air cycle method, the ventilation opening is closed and high insulation is maintained in the winter, and the summer is designed to protect against heat and open the ventilation opening in the back of the hut for natural ventilation. However, when the temperature is high, the lack of ventilation can be resolved with a ventilation fan. In summer, it can be used as a cold air intake by opening the ventilation opening on the floor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes one ventilation plate by reciprocating movement of a rod-shaped moving body.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a front view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes one ventilation plate by a reciprocating motion of a rod-like moving body.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes two ventilation plates by reciprocating movement of a rod-shaped moving body.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes two ventilation plates by a reciprocating motion of a rod-shaped moving body.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes two ventilation plates by a reciprocating slider crank mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes two ventilation plates by a reciprocating slider crank mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a ventilating automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes one ventilation plate by a torsion spring and an opening wire.
8 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIG. 7. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Ventilation plate 2 Rotating shaft 3 Gear 4 Rod-like moving body 5 Pair 6 Link 7 Moving piece 8 Pulley 9 Wire
10 Torsion spring 11 Stopper
12 shape memory material 13 tension spring 14 protrusion 15 compression spring

Claims (4)

It expands and contracts due to temperature at one end of a rod-like body that has a large number of protrusions meshed with gears that rotate integrally with the ventilation plate on the same axis as the rotation axis of the heat insulating ventilation plate attached to the ventilation port. A ventilating automatic opening / closing device for a building in which a shape memory material is joined to a coil spring at the other end, and both ends thereof are fixed. Slider with link that connects rotating shaft of heat-insulating ventilation plate to be installed in ventilation port, pair provided on surface orthogonal to rotation axis of ventilation plate and moving piece reciprocating in fixed groove A building vent automatic opening / closing device comprising a crank mechanism, a shape memory material which expands and contracts with temperature and a coil spring facing each other and connected to a moving piece, and both ends thereof are fixed. A shape memory material that is connected to a moving piece that reciprocates in a fixed groove with a back surface of a heat-insulating ventilation plate for attachment to a ventilation opening having a rotating shaft by a wire through a pulley, and that expands and contracts due to temperature with the moving piece. A ventilating automatic opening / closing device for a building which is connected and fixed at its tip, and a coil spring for closing the ventilating hole is attached to the ventilating plate. 4. The automatic opening / closing device for a ventilation opening of a building according to claim 1, wherein a projection for pressing a switch for energizing the ventilation fan is provided at a tip of the ventilation plate via a compression spring.

Images