JP3796311B2 - Chemical substance measuring apparatus and measuring method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chemical substance measuring apparatus and a measuring method for measuring harmful gaseous chemical substances diffused from building materials.
[0002]
[Background]
Building materials, for example, formaldehyde (HCHO), which is a colorless gas that gives irritation and discomfort to the eyes and throat, may be emitted from panel plywood. Because this formaldehyde is harmful, WTO, Sweden, the Netherlands, and the US states have established indoor standards for formaldehyde when panel plywood is used.
[0003]
Conventionally, there are JAS desiccator method, perforator method, large chamber method, small chamber method and flask method as methods for measuring the amount of formaldehyde emission.
The desiccator method is mainly used for plywood and flooring. Ten test pieces with dimensions of 50 mm x 150 mm are prepared, and these test pieces are fixed with a support bracket and distilled water is added to the bottom. The sample is left in the interior at a temperature of 20 ± 1 ° C. for 24 hours, and formaldehyde released from these test pieces is absorbed in distilled water and measured as a test solution. In the measurement, colorimetric determination is performed using a photoelectric spectrophotometer or a photoelectric colorimeter. The measurement result is expressed in mg / l. The larger the value, the greater the amount of formaldehyde emitted.
[0004]
In the perforator method, which is used for wood panels, a small piece of a test piece cut into a 2 cm square is placed in a round bottom flask so as to be 105 to 110 g, and 600 ml of toluene is further added. A liquid extraction tube containing 1 liter of distilled water is placed on the round bottom flask, an Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 ml of distilled water is placed on the liquid extraction tube, and the round bottom flask has a distillation rate of toluene. After heating to 30 ml / min and distilling for 2 hours, formaldehyde contained in water in the liquid extraction tube is quantified by the iodine method.
[0005]
The large chamber method (ASTM E 1333-90 method) uses a chamber with a predetermined volume maintained at a temperature of 25 ± 3 ° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%. The ratio of the area of the sample per unit volume of the chamber is a predetermined value. The sample is left in the chamber for 16 to 20 hours, then air for formaldehyde measurement is collected, and the sample is taken out for 30 to 60 minutes at a predetermined rate through an absorption bottle containing 20 ml of 1% sodium sulfite aqueous solution. Then, the amount of formaldehyde dissolved in the absorption bottle is quantified by a modified chromotropic acid method.
[0006]
In the small chamber method (FTM3-1996 method), the small chamber is used instead of the large chamber, and the quantity is determined by the chromotrope acid method.
In the flask method, a 25 mm square test piece sealed at the mouth is placed in a flask kept at 40 ° C., formaldehyde is absorbed in 50 ml of water at 20 ° C., and colorimetric determination is performed after 24 hours.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the desiccator method, a small test piece having a size of 50 mm × 150 mm must be prepared, and there is a problem that preparation work for measurement is complicated. Furthermore, there is a problem that it takes more than 24 hours to determine. Moreover, since measurement cannot be performed without a photoelectric spectrophotometer or photoelectric colorimeter, there is a problem that equipment investment or outsourcing for inspection is necessary and costs are high.
In the perforator method, a small test piece of 2 cm square must be prepared, and a measurement time of about 2 hours is required to distill toluene and the like. In addition, many kinds of measuring instruments have to be prepared for the measurement, and the measurement work is complicated.
[0008]
Furthermore, in the large chamber method or the small chamber method, the sample must be placed in the chamber, so that the sample is limited to a certain size. Moreover, since the sample must be left in the chamber for 16 to 20 hours during measurement, a long measurement time is required. Furthermore, there is a problem that a complicated measurement work such as sampling air for formaldehyde measurement and extracting it at a predetermined rate for 30 to 60 minutes through an absorption bottle containing 20 ml of 1% sodium sulfite aqueous solution is required. .
In addition, the flask method has a problem that a test piece as small as 25 mm square has to be prepared, and the measurement time is also over 24 hours.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical substance measuring apparatus and a measuring method which can easily perform a measuring operation in a short time without preparing a small test piece.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention aims to achieve the above object by covering at least a part of the building material with a gas storage member and measuring the concentration of the gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space of the gas storage member with a concentration measuring tube. It is what.
Specifically, the chemical substance measuring apparatuses 1 and 13 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The chemical substance measuring apparatuses 1 and 13 cover at least a part of the building material 2 and are diffused from the building material 2 Gas storage members 3 and 14 for storing substances in the internal spaces 3A and 14A, and a concentration measuring tube 4 for measuring the concentration of gaseous chemical substances stored in the internal spaces 3A and 14A of the gas storage members 3 and 14 The gas storage member is provided with a gas collector for collecting a gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space, and the concentration measuring tube is provided at the tip of the gas sampling portion of the gas collector, The gas storage member can seal the internal space, the gas sampling device sucks gaseous chemical substances in the internal space, and the concentration measuring tube is disposed facing the internal space. And
[0011]
Moreover, the method for measuring a chemical substance according to the present invention is a method for measuring a chemical substance that is diffused from the building material 2, wherein the gaseous chemical substance that is diffused from the building material is measured. A gas storage member stored in the internal space; and a concentration measuring tube for measuring a concentration of a gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space of the gas storage member, wherein the gas storage member includes a gas stored in the internal space. A gas sampling device for collecting the gaseous chemical substance is provided, and the concentration measuring tube is provided at the tip of the gas sampling part of the gas sampling device, and the gas sampling device sucks the gaseous chemical substance in the internal space. Using the measuring device in which the concentration measuring tube is arranged facing the internal space, the gas storage member covers at least a part of the building material in a sealed state, and the gas storage members 3 and 14 Interior space A, and measuring the concentration of gaseous chemicals housed in 14A at a concentration measurement pipe 4.
[0012]
In the present invention having such a configuration, the gas storage members 3 and 14 of a predetermined size are attached in a sealed state to the building material 2 that is the object to be measured in a temperature-controlled room, and the gas is left for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour). The internal spaces 3 </ b> A and 14 </ b> A of the storage members 3 and 14 are filled with a gaseous chemical substance released from the building material 2.
Thereafter, the concentration of the gaseous chemical substance filled in the internal spaces 3A and 14A is measured with a concentration measuring tube 4 (for example, a gas detector manufactured by Gastec).
[0013]
Therefore, in the present invention, it is sufficient that the building material 2 has a size that a part of the building material 2 is covered with the gas storage members 3, 14. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately prepare a small-sized test piece. For example, the building material 2 having a size to be constructed on site can be measured as it is.
Further, since the gaseous chemical substances are securely stored in the gas storage members 3 and 14 and the concentration measurement is directly performed by the concentration measuring tube 4, the measurement work can be easily performed in a short time.
[0014]
Moreover , in the present invention, the gas storage members 3 and 14 are provided with a gas sampling device 5 that collects gaseous chemical substances stored in the internal spaces 3A and 14A, and the gas sampling unit 9 of the gas sampling device 5 includes Is a structure in which the concentration measuring tube 4 is provided.
In this structure, the gaseous chemical substances stored in the internal spaces 3A and 14A of the gas storage members 3 and 14 are forcibly collected by the gas sampling device 5, and the concentration measurement of the collected dense gaseous chemical substances is performed. Since it can be performed with the concentration measuring tube 4, the measurement can be performed reliably and quickly.
Here, in the present invention, the concentration measuring tube 4 may be a tube for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde diffused from the building material 2 (for example, a gas detection tube for HCHO manufactured by Gastec).
[0015]
Further, in the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, the gas storage member 3 includes a cylindrical member 6 having an opening on one side facing the building material 2 and an opening on the other side of the cylindrical member 6. The structure provided with the plate-shaped member 7 which obstruct | occludes may be sufficient.
In this structure, the structure of the gas storage member 3 is simplified, and the cost for measurement can be reduced.
On the other hand, the gas storage member 14 includes a cylindrical member 6 having an opening on one side facing the building material 2 and a flexible member that closes the opening on the other side of the cylindrical member 6. The structure provided with the bag member 15 may be sufficient.
In this structure, when sucking the gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space 14A of the gas storage member 14 with the gas collector 5, the bag member 14 bends even if a negative pressure is generated in the internal space 14A. The outside air does not enter the internal space 14A. Therefore, highly accurate measurement can be performed.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Here, in each embodiment, the same component is attached | subjected with the same code | symbol, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
1 and 2 show a chemical substance measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which the measuring device 1 is attached to the building material 2, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the measuring device 1.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, a measuring device 1 measures formaldehyde (gaseous chemical substance) emitted from a plywood that is a building material 2, and covers a part of the building material 2 and from the building material 2. A gas storage member 3 for storing diffused formaldehyde in the internal space 3A, a concentration measuring tube 4 for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde stored in the internal space 3A of the gas storage member 3, and collecting formaldehyde in the internal space 3A It is the structure provided with the gas sampling device 5 to do.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas storage member 3 includes a cylindrical member 6 having an opening on one side facing the building material 2, and a plate-like member 7 that closes the opening on the other side of the cylindrical member 6. And.
The cylindrical member 6 is formed from four square members in a prismatic shape with an outer dimension of 300 mm × 450 mm and an inner dimension of 240 mm × 390 mm, and a hole 3B for inserting the concentration measuring tube 4 into the inner space 3A is formed in a part thereof. Has been. The plate-like member 7 is composed of an acrylic plate whose outer method is the same as the outer dimension of the tubular member 6, and the space between the plate-like member 7 and the tubular member 6 is sealed by packing or the like.
[0019]
The concentration measuring tube 4 is a gas detection tube (for HCHO) manufactured by Gastec Co., which measures the concentration of formaldehyde, and has a structure in which a portion discolored by formaldehyde is read from a scale 4A provided in advance and the concentration is measured. . The number of discolored parts increases in proportion to the formaldehyde concentration.
The gas sampling device 5 is a gas sampling device manufactured by Gastec Co., which is provided on the cylindrical member 6 of the gas storage member 3, and has a cylindrical main body 8 and a gas sampling portion provided at the tip of the main body 8. 9, a suction mechanism 10 provided inside the main body 8, and an operation lever 11 for operating the suction mechanism 10.
A concentration measuring tube 4 is detachably provided in the gas sampling unit 9.
[0020]
In order to measure the concentration of formaldehyde in the building material 2 using the measuring apparatus 1 of the first embodiment having this configuration, first, the hole 3B of the gas storage member 3 is closed with a tape (not shown), and the internal space 3A. A part of the building material 2 is covered with the gas storage member 3 in a state facing the building material 2 which is the object to be measured.
Between the gas storage member 3 and the building material 2, the gap between the two is paved with a tape 12 as necessary (see FIG. 1).
The building material 2 to which the gas storage member 3 is attached is left in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. for 1 hour. In this state, formaldehyde diffused from the building material 2 fills the internal space 3 </ b> A of the gas storage member 3.
[0021]
After 1 hour, the concentration of formaldehyde stored in the internal space 3A of the gas storage member 3 is measured. First, the concentration measuring tube 4 is attached to the gas sampling portion 9 of the gas collector 5, and then the gas storage member 3 is attached. The concentration measurement tube 4 is inserted into the internal space 3A so that the tape covering the hole 3B is broken by the concentration measurement tube 4, and the operation lever 11 of the gas sampling device 5 is operated to collect formaldehyde. For example, the operation lever 11 is advanced and retracted five times at intervals of about 15 seconds so that formaldehyde is forced to contact the concentration measuring tube 4.
Thereafter, the concentration measuring tube 4 is extracted from the gas storage member 3 and removed from the gas sampling device 5, and the discolored portion of the concentration measuring tube 4 is read from the scale 4 </ b> A to measure the concentration of formaldehyde.
[0022]
Therefore, according to (1) the first embodiment, the measuring device 1 is a gas that covers a part of the building material 2 and stores formaldehyde (gaseous chemical substance) emitted from the building material 2 in the internal space 3A. Since the housing member 3 and the concentration measuring tube 4 for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde housed in the internal space 3A of the gas housing member 3 are provided, the building material 2 is partly a gas housing member. Since the size covered with 3 is sufficient, there is no need to prepare a small test piece separately.
[0023]
For example, since a building material (for example, 3 × 6 scale) of a size to be constructed on site can be measured as it is, sample preparation is not complicated as in the conventional example.
Further, since the gas storage member 3 securely stores formaldehyde without leaking and the concentration measurement is directly performed by the concentration measuring tube 4, the measurement operation can be easily performed in a short time of one hour.
In addition, the member to be consumed in one measurement is the single concentration measuring tube 4, and a measuring device such as a photoelectric spectrophotometer is not required, so that the cost for measurement can be reduced.
[0024]
Further, (2) the gas storage member 3 is provided with a gas sampling device 5 for collecting formaldehyde stored in the internal space 3A, and the concentration measuring tube 4 is detachably attached to the gas sampling portion 9 of the gas sampling device 5. Because of the provided structure, the formaldehyde stored in the internal space 3A of the gas storage member 3 is forcibly sampled by the gas collector 5 and the concentration of the collected formaldehyde is measured by the concentration measuring tube 4. As a result, measurement can be performed reliably and quickly.
(3) In the first embodiment, the gas storage member 3 closes the cylindrical member 6 whose opening on one side faces the building material 2 and the opening on the other side of the cylindrical member 6. Since the plate-like member 7 is provided, the structure of the gas storage member 3 is simplified, and the cost for measurement can be reduced.
[0025]
In addition, in order to verify the measurement result of 1st Embodiment, the building material 2 measured in 1st Embodiment was measured by the desiccator method of JAS.
When the first building material (9 mm plywood) was used, the formaldehyde concentration was 2.0 ppm in the first embodiment, and the measured value was 10 mg / l in JAS.
When the second building material (4 mm plywood) was used, the formaldehyde concentration was 1.0 ppm in the first embodiment, and the measured value was 5 mg / l in JAS.
When the third building material (9 mm plywood) was used, the formaldehyde concentration was lower than the detection lower limit in the first embodiment, and in JAS, the test value was 2 mg / l.
When the fourth building material (4 mm plywood) was used, the formaldehyde concentration was 2.5 ppm in the first embodiment, and the measured value was 10 mg / l in JAS.
From the above results, it can be seen that the formaldehyde concentration, which is the measurement value obtained in the first embodiment, has a correlation with the JAS measurement value, and the first embodiment is consistent with the JAS desiccator method.
[0026]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the gas storage member, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the measuring device 13 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is attached to the building material 2.
In FIG. 3, the measuring device 13 of the second embodiment includes a gas storage member 14 that covers a part of the building material 2 and stores formaldehyde diffused from the building material 2 in the internal space 14 </ b> A, and the gas storage member. 14, the concentration measuring tube 4 for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde stored in the internal space 14 </ b> A, and the gas collector 5 for collecting formaldehyde in the internal space 14 </ b> A.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3, the gas storage member 14 has a flexible structure in which the opening on one side opposes the building material 2 and the opening on the other side of the tubular member 6 is closed. The bag member 15 and a hose 16 provided on the bag member 15 are provided.
The end edge of the bag member 15 is fixed to the inner edge portion of the tubular member 6 and has a predetermined size so that it can be deformed even if a negative pressure is generated in the internal space 14A.
The material of the bag member 15 may be a non-adsorbing, non-breathing tedlar (vinyl fluoride resin) or the like.
One end of the hose 16 communicates with the inside of the bag member 15, and the other end can be inserted through the concentration measuring tube 4.
[0028]
Therefore, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects (1) and (2) of the first embodiment, (4) the gas storage member 14 has an opening on one side of the building material 2. And the flexible bag member 15 that closes the opening on the other side of the cylindrical member 6. When the formaldehyde stored in the space 14A is sucked, even if a negative pressure is generated in the internal space 14A, the bag member 15 is bent, so that outside air does not intrude into the internal space 14A by mistake. Therefore, highly accurate measurement can be performed.
[0029]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and includes the following modifications as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the concentration measuring tube 4 measures the concentration of formaldehyde released from the building material 2, but in the present invention, other gaseous chemical substances may be measured.
Further, the building material 2 may be other than plywood, for example, a wood panel, flooring and the like.
[0030]
Further, the gas sampling device 5 is not always necessary, and the concentration measuring tube 4 may be disposed in the internal spaces 3A and 14A of the gas storage members 3 and 14 so as to naturally absorb formaldehyde with the concentration measuring tube. In this case, a different type of concentration measuring tube is used as the concentration measuring tube.
In addition, as long as at least a part of the building material 2 is covered, the sizes of the gas storage members 3 and 14 are not limited to those of the above embodiments.
Furthermore, the cylindrical members 6 of the gas storage members 3 and 14 include shapes other than the planar rectangular shape such as a planar circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, and a pentagonal shape.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the gas storage member that covers at least a part of the building material and stores the gaseous chemical substance diffused from the building material in the internal space, and is stored in the internal space of the gas storage member Since the measuring device is provided with a concentration measuring tube that measures the concentration of the gaseous chemical substance that has been formed, it is sufficient that the building material is large enough to be covered with a gas storage member. It is not necessary to prepare a small test piece separately, and the measurement work can be easily performed in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is attached to a building material.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the measuring device. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is attached to a building material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,13 Measuring device 2 Building material 3,14 Gas storage member
3A, 14A Internal space 4 Concentration measuring tube 5 Gas sampling device 6 Tubular member 7 Plate member 15 Bag member

Claims (5)

A gas storage member that covers at least a part of the building material and stores a gaseous chemical substance diffused from the building material in the internal space, and a concentration of the gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space of the gas storage member a concentration measurement pipe for measuring a,
The gas extractor for collecting gaseous chemicals housed in the internal space is provided in the gas storing member, this is the tip of the gas sampling portion of the gas extractor the concentration measurement pipe is provided, said gas storage The member is capable of sealing the internal space, the gas collector sucks a gaseous chemical substance in the internal space, and the concentration measuring tube is disposed facing the internal space. Chemical substance measuring device. 2. The chemical substance measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration measuring tube measures the concentration of formaldehyde diffused from the building material. 3. The chemical substance measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the gas storage member includes a cylindrical member having an opening on one side facing the building material, and an opening on the other side of the cylindrical member. An apparatus for measuring a chemical substance, comprising: a plate-like member to be closed. 3. The chemical substance measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the gas storage member includes a cylindrical member having an opening on one side facing the building material, and an opening on the other side of the cylindrical member. A chemical substance measuring apparatus comprising: a flexible bag member for closing. A method for measuring a chemical substance that measures a gaseous chemical substance released from a building material,
A gas storage member that stores a gaseous chemical substance diffused from the building material in an internal space; and a concentration measuring tube that measures the concentration of the gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space of the gas storage member; The gas storage member is provided with a gas sampling device for collecting a gaseous chemical substance stored in an internal space, and the concentration measuring tube is provided at the tip of the gas sampling portion of the gas sampling device. A vessel is for sucking gaseous chemical substances in the internal space, and using a measuring device in which the concentration measuring tube is arranged facing the internal space,
The gas storage member covers at least a part of the building material in a sealed state, and the concentration of the gaseous chemical substance stored in the internal space of the gas storage member is measured with a concentration measuring tube. Measuring method.

Images