JP3797024B2 - Scaled hot rolled steel wire with excellent protection and cold mechanical descaling - Google Patents
Scaled hot rolled steel wire with excellent protection and cold mechanical descaling Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、スケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材に関し、より詳しくは、保管中や輸送中の保護性と冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性に優れたスケールで表面が覆われたスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、コードワイヤーなどの素材となる鋼線材は、熱間圧延された後、750〜950℃で巻取られ、必要に応じて冷却速度などを制御することで所望の組織に制御されている。
【0003】
上記の製造工程において、鋼線材の表面には、不可避的に酸化物スケール(以下単にスケールという)が生成する。このスケールは、通常、コードワイヤーなどの最終製品に伸線加工される前に種々の方法によって除去される。
【0004】
すなわち、塩酸などの酸による酸洗法やベンディングロールなどで冷間曲げ加工を加えて剥離脱落させる冷間メカニカルデスケーリング法によって除去される。そして、最近では、近年の公害問題への配慮と製造効率の観点から、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング法が多用されるようになっている。
【0005】
したがって、そのスケールは、冷間で歪みを与えた際に容易に剥離脱落する一方で、保管中や運搬中の製品に錆を発生させない保護性(環境遮断性)にも優れていることが重要で、そのためには表面が膨れたり割れたり、さらには剥離脱落した欠陥部分がない方が望ましい。
【0006】
しかし、上記の従来方法で製造されたスケールは、熱間圧延工程においてすでに鋼表面から剥離して円形または楕円形に膨れており、その多くの表面が割れたり脱落している部分が多い。そして、この膨れが生じた部分とその近傍のスケールの冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性が劣り、完全には除去されないために、伸線工程において残存スケールが原因の噛み込み疵が発生するほか、表面性状が劣化し、出荷までの保管中に赤錆が発生するという問題があった。
【0007】
このため、熱間圧延工程でのスケールの表面性状を向上(欠陥の減少)させる方法が種々検討されており、例えば、スケール中のFe3O4量を30%未満にする方法(特開平8−295991号公報)や、スケールと鋼の界面粗度を10μm以下にする方法(特開平8−295592号公報)などが提案されている。
【0008】
しかし、上記の提案方法は、熱間圧延工程において雰囲気制御などを行うための特殊な設備が必要で、既存設備による製造が困難であるという欠点を有している。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、熱間圧延工程において特別な処理を施す必要がなく、既存設備によって容易に製造することが可能であり、表面が膨れたり割れたり、さらには脱落した欠陥部分が極めて少なく、保管中や輸送中の保護性に優れ、しかもメカニカルデスケーリング性に優れたスケール層で表面が覆われたスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の要旨は、下記の保護性と冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性に優れたスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材にある。
【0011】
素材が、重量%で、C:0.7〜1.1%、Si:0.1〜1.5%、Mn:0.2〜1%、Cr:0〜1%、Al:0.003%以下、S:0.01%以下およびY:0.0005〜0.02%を含み、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる熱間圧延線材である。さらに、Ce、La、NdおよびPrのうちの1種以上を前記Yの含有量と合わせ合計で0.0005〜0.02%を含み、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる熱間圧延線材である。
【0012】
また、素材が、重量%で、C:0.7〜1.1%、Si:0.1〜1.5%、Mn:0.2〜1%、Ca:0.001〜0.01%、Cr:0〜1%、Al:0.003%以下およびS:0.01%以下を含み、さらに、Y、Ce、La、NdおよびPrのうちの1種以上を合計で0.0005〜0.02%を含み、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる熱間圧延線材である。
【0013】
上記の本発明は、下記の知見に基づいて完成させた。すなわち、本発明者らは、上記の目的を達成するために、保護性と冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性に及ぼすスケールの性状と、このスケールの性状に及ぼす鋼の化学組成について鋭意実験研究を行う一方、実機による多くの製造実験を行った結果、以下のことを知見した。
【0014】
熱間圧延工程での巻き取り温度が850℃以上の場合、鋼表面にブリスターが部分的に発生し、この部分のスケールが鋼表面から剥離して円形または楕円形に膨れ、その多くの表面が割れたり脱落している。
【0015】
このブリスターが発生した部分とその周辺の鋼表面には、地金との密着性が高いFe3O4を主成分とするスケールが生成付着しており、膨れたスケール自体は容易に脱落するものの、その近傍に生成付着しているFe3O4を主成分とするスケールが残るのに加え、このスケールの生成付着と膨れにより応力が解放されることとの相乗作用により膨れ部近傍のスケールが残るためにデスケーリング性が劣る。
【0016】
そして、ブリスターの発生に起因して生じ、スケールが鋼表面から剥離して円形または楕円形に膨れ、その多くの表面が割れたり脱落した部分である欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%を超えると、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング法のみではスケールを十分に除去できず、酸洗法による除去が必要になり、生産効率が著しく低下する。
【0017】
また、ブリスターは、スケールの表面性状を劣化させ、保管中や輸送中における赤錆発生の起点になっており、上記の欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%を超えると、赤錆の発生が顕著になる。
【0018】
ブリスターの主たる発生原因は、スケール内の圧縮応力である。しかし、この圧縮応力は、Caを適量(0.001〜0.01%重量%)含有させれば小さくなり、巻き取り温度が850℃以上の場合であっても、ブリスターの発生が抑制され、欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%以下のスケールになる。
【0019】
また、スケール内の圧縮応力は、スケール厚さが厚ければ厚いほど大きいが、Y、Ce、La、NdおよびPrのうちの1種以上を適量(合計で、0.0005〜0.02%)含有させれば二次スケールの生成が抑制されてスケール厚さが薄くなるとともに、母材に対する密着性が向上し、巻き取り温度が850℃以上の場合であっても、ブリスターの発生が抑制され、欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%以下のスケールになる。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明のスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材について詳細に説明する。なお、以下において、特に断らない限り、「%」は「重量%」を意味する。
【0021】
《スケールの欠陥発生部の面積割合》
本発明のスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材は、鋼線材表面を覆うスケール層が、前述したブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%以下のスケールでなければならない。これは、前述したように、ブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%を超えると、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング法のみでは伸線加工時に問題が生じない程度にまでスケール除去できなくなるだけでなく、保管中や輸送中の製品の赤錆発生が顕著になるためである。
【0022】
なお、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性の観点からは、ブリスター起因以外、例えば圧延作業中や圧延終了後のハンドリングの衝撃などにより生じた表面割れや剥離脱落などの欠陥発生部は幾ら多くてもよいが、赤錆発生防止、すなわち保護性の観点からは、このようなブリスター起因以外の欠陥発生部は、ブリスター起因の欠陥発生部を含めて少なければ少ないほどよい。
【0023】
また、スケール層の厚さは特に制限しない。しかし、その全厚が厚すぎると、出荷前後の保管や輸送などのハンドリング時に上記ブリスター起因の膨れ部は勿論であるが、その余の部分のスケールも剥離しやすくなって赤錆がより発生しやすくなるので、30μm以下とするのが好ましい。
【0024】
さらに、ブリスター起因の欠陥であるか否かについては、鋼表面の地金と接する部分のスケールを調べることで弁別でき、そのスケールがFe3O4を主成分とするスケールの場合がブリスター起因の欠陥であり、FeOを主成分とするスケールの場合がブリスター起因以外の欠陥である。
【0025】
また更に、本発明のスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材を構成する素材鋼は、通常、コードワイヤーなどに用いられる炭素鋼や低合金鋼であればよく、特に制限されない。
【0026】
しかし、熱間圧延後に750〜950℃で巻き取る通常の方法によって製造する際には、前述したように、Caを0.001〜0.01%、またはY、Ce、La、NdおよびPrのうちの1種以上を合計で0.0005〜0.02%のうちのいずれか一方または両方を含む炭素鋼や低合金鋼を用いるのが好ましく、この場合にはブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が10%以下のスケール層で覆われた本発明のスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材が何らの特別な処理を施すことなく得られる。
【0027】
また、本発明の鋼線材が、例えばコードワイヤーの素材として用いられる場合には、必要とされる強度や耐断線性を確保する必要があるが、そのための素材鋼としては次に述べる化学組成を有する炭素鋼または低合金鋼を用いる。すなわち、本発明の熱間圧延線材で必要とされる強度や耐断線性を確保するには、次の化学組成を必要とする。
【0028】
《本発明で規定する素材鋼の化学組成》
C:Cは、鋼線材の強度を上げるのに有効な元素である。しかし、その含有量が0.7%未満では線径を0.2mmまで伸線する場合の強度が4000MPaに達しない。一方、1.1%を超えて含有させると、初析セメンタイトが生成し、冷間伸線時に断線が頻発する。このため、C含有量は、0.7〜1.1%とするのがよい。
【0029】
Si:
Siは、鋼線材の強度を上げるのに有効な元素であるほか、脱酸剤として必要な元素である。しかし、その含有量が0.1%未満では、十分な脱酸効果が得られない。一方、1.5%を超えて含有させると、伸線加工性が低下する。このため、Si含有量は、0.1〜1.5%とするのがよい。
【0030】
Mn:
Mnは、鋼線材の強度、特に引張り強さ(TS)を上げるのに有効な元素であるほか、Sによる熱間加工性の低下を防止するのに必要である。これらの効果を十分に発揮させるためには0.2%以上の含有量が必要である。しかし、1%を超えて含有させると、鋼線材の軸心部に偏析しやすいために、熱間圧延後の鋼線材の軸心部にマルテンサイトやベイナイトが生成して加工性が低下し、伸線時に断線しやすくなる。このため、Mn含有量は、0.2〜1%とするのがよい。
【0031】
Cr:
Crは、添加しなくてもよいが、添加すれば、パーライトのラメラ間隔を小さくし、強度(TS)を向上させる作用がある。したがって、その効果を得たい場合には添加することができ、その効果は0.1%以上で顕著になる。しかし、1%を超えて含有させると、オーステナイトからパーライトへの変態所要時間が長く(>30秒)なり、生産性が低下する。このため、添加する場合のCr含有量は、0.1〜1%とするのがよい。
【0032】
Al:
Alは、通常、脱酸剤として添加されるが、その含有量が0.003%を超えると、Al2O3を主とする介在物を形成して鋼中に残存し、伸線時の加工性が低下して断線が発生しやすくなる。このため、Al含有量は、0.003%以下にするのがよい。
【0033】
S:
Sは、鋼中に不可避的に含まれ、鋼の延性を劣化させる元素である。しかし、その含有量が0.01%以下であれば特に支障はない。なお、S含有量は低くければ低いほど好ましい。
【0034】
Ca:
Caは、熱間圧延工程において鋼線材の表面に生成するスケール層内の圧縮応力を緩和し、ブリスターの発生を防止するのに有効な元素である。しかし、その含有量が0.001%未満では、前記の効果が得られない。一方、0.01%を超えて含有させると、酸化物系介在物として鋼中に残存して加工性が低下し、伸線時に断線しやすくなる。このため、Ca含有量は、0.001〜0.01%とするのがよい。
【0035】
Y、Ce、Nd、Pr、La:
これらの元素は、上記のCaに代えて添加する元素であり、いずれか1種を単独または2種以上を複合で添加すれば、二次スケールの生成を抑制してスケール厚さを薄くし、上記のCaと同様に、熱間圧延工程において鋼線材の表面に生成するスケール層内の圧縮応力を緩和し、ブリスターの発生を防止するとともに、母材に対するスケールの密着性を向上させる作用を有している。しかし、いずれの元素も、その含有量が0.0005%未満では、前記の効果が得られない。一方、その合計含有量が0.02%超になると、酸化物系介在物として鋼中に残存して加工性が低下し、伸線時に断線しやすくなる。このため、これらの元素の含有量は、合計で0.0005〜0.02%とするのがよい。なお、これらの元素のうち、Yを除いたCe、Nd、PrおよびLaは、通常、ミッシュメタル(M.M)として添加分析される。
【0053】
【実施例】
《実施例2》表3に示す化学組成を有する24種類の炭素鋼(鋼No.B9、B10除く)を溶製し、連続鋳造機により断面が125mm角で長さが6000mmの鋳片とし、この鋳片を1150℃に加熱してから熱間圧延に供し、仕上げ温度870〜930℃で線径5.5mmの線材に仕上げて直ちに巻き取り、その後大気中で室温まで放冷した。
【0054】
【表3】
【0055】
そして、放冷後の各線材の表面スケール層を目視観察し、ブリスターの発生の有無の確認を行うとともに、ブリスター起因の欠陥発生状況を調べる一方、ブリスター起因の欠陥発生部分の面積を測定し、この面積を全観察面積で除すことにより、その欠陥発生部の面積割合(面積%)を調べた。その際、紛らわしい欠陥は、地金と接する部分のスケールを調べることで弁別したが、以下の試験に供した各線材にはブリスター起因以外の欠陥はほとんど認められなかった。
【0056】
上記調査後の各線材から長さ300mmの試験片を採取し、下記の冷間メカニカルデスケール試験に供してその冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性を調べた。
《冷間メカニカルデスケール試験》採取した試験片に、6%の引張歪を付与してスケール層を除去し、スケール除去後のスケール残存率Rを下式によって求め、その冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性を調べた。
R={(W 1 −W 2 )/W 1 }×100(%)
ただし、
W 1 :6%引張歪付与後の試験片重量
W 2 :6%引張歪付与後の試験片の表面に残存するスケール層のみを除去した後の試験片重量
なお、スケール層のみの除去は、塩酸による酸洗で行った。
【0057】
さらに、各線材を下記の伸線試験に供して伸線加工性も調べた。
《伸線試験》ベンディングロール式の冷間メカニカルデスケーリング装置を備え、その後段にアプローチ角度が20゜のダイスを備える11基のダイスタンドが連設された連続伸線機を用い、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング処理を施しながら、線径5.5mmから1.5mmにまで一気に連続伸線した。
その際、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング装置では、上記の冷間メカニカルデスケール試験で付与したのと同等の歪みを付与した。また、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング処理後の線材には、燐酸塩の潤滑皮膜を施す一方、各ダイスタンドの入側では粉末状の金属石鹸を供給した。さらに、各ダイスタンドでの減面率は、平均で20%とした。
【0058】
本実施例における伸線加工性の評価は、次の基準に従って行った。すなわち、目標仕上げ線径の1.5mmにまで一気に加工でき、加工後の線材表面に残存スケール起因のダイス焼付き疵やスケール押し込み疵が認められなかった場合を良好「○」とし、それ以外、具体的には、目標仕上げ線径の1.5mmにまで加工はできたが、加工後の線材表面に残存スケール起因のダイス焼付き疵やスケール押し込み疵が認められた場合を不良1「△」、目標仕上げ線径の1.5mmに達するまでに断線した場合を不良2「×」として評価した。
【0059】
【表4】
【0060】
表4に示すように、表面スケール層のブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が2.5〜6.0%の本発明例の線材(鋼No.B1〜B15、ただし、鋼No.B9、B10除く)は、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング後の残存スケール率が0.012%以下と少なく、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性に優れていた。
【0061】
また、本発明例の線材(鋼No.B1〜B15、ただし、鋼No.B9、B10除く)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きを引き起こすなく目標仕上げ線径の1.5mmにまで一気に加工でき、伸線加工性も良好であった。
【0062】
しかし、素材鋼のC含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. B16)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、初析セメンタイトが多量に析出していたために線径が1.6mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0063】
素材鋼のSi含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. B17)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、母材の延性が低下したために線径が1.6mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0064】
素材鋼のSi含有量が少なすぎる線材(鋼No. B18)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、脱酸不足で非金属介在物が多量に存在し、鋼の加工性が劣っていたために線径が1.6mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0065】
素材鋼のMn含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. B19)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、素線材の軸心部濡にマルテンサイトやベイナイトが多量に生成していたために線径が1.6mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0066】
素材鋼のS含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. B20)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、母材の延性が劣化したために線径が1.7mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0067】
素材鋼のYまたは/およびミッシュメタル(Ce、Nd、PrおよびLa)の含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. 21〜23)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、酸化物系介在物が多量に存在し、鋼の加工性が劣っていたために線径がいずれも1.8mになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0068】
素材鋼のAl含有量が多すぎる線材(鋼No. B24)は、残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きは生じなかったが、Al2O3を主とする介在物が多量に存在し、鋼の加工性が劣っていたために線径が1.7mmになった時点で断線し、伸線加工性が悪かった。
【0069】
これに対し、表面スケール層のブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が12.5%と13.0%である比較例の線材(鋼No.B25とB26)は、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング後の残存スケール率が0.070%と0.080%で、本発明の線材の約7倍と多く、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性が著しく劣っていた。このため、伸線加工後の線材表面には残存スケールに起因するダイス焼付きが発生していて、伸線加工性も悪かった。
【0070】
なお、鋼No.B25とB26の線材の表面スケール層のブリスター起因の欠陥発生部の面積割合が12.5%と13.0%と高かったのは、素材鋼のYまたは/およびミッシュメタル(Ce、Nd、PrおよびLa)の含有量が本発明で規定する範囲内を外れているためである。また、この鋼No.B25とB26の線材には、多くのブリスターが発生し、該部のスケールは膨れて鋼表面から剥離しており、その近傍には主成分がFe3O4のデスケーリング性に劣るスケールの発生が確認された。
【0071】
さらに、データは省略するが、本発明例の線材は、その製造後、建家内に1ケ月間放置しても赤錆はほとんど発生しなかったが、比較例の線材には多くの赤錆が発生した。
【0072】
【発明の効果】
本発明のスケール付き熱間圧延鋼線材は、鋼表面がブリスター起因の欠陥の少ない保護性に優れたスケール層で覆われいるので保管中や輸送中に赤錆がほとんど発生しない。また、そのスケール層は、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング性に優れるので、高能率に除去することができ、冷間メカニカルデスケーリング装置を備える連続伸線機による伸線加工に供して極めて好適である。
【0073】
また、その線材は、素材鋼にCa、または/およびY、Ce、La、NdおよびPrのうちの1種以上を添加した鋼を用いれば、既存設備を用いて常法にしたがって製造できるので、設備改造などが不要である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel wire rod with a scale, and more particularly to a hot-rolled steel wire rod with a scale whose surface is covered with a scale excellent in protection and cold mechanical descaling properties during storage and transportation. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, steel wire used as a material such as a cord wire is hot-rolled, wound at 750 to 950 ° C., and controlled to a desired structure by controlling a cooling rate or the like as necessary.
[0003]
In the above manufacturing process, an oxide scale (hereinafter simply referred to as scale) is inevitably generated on the surface of the steel wire. This scale is usually removed by various methods before being drawn into a final product such as a cord wire.
[0004]
That is, it is removed by a pickling method using an acid such as hydrochloric acid or a cold mechanical descaling method in which a cold bending process is applied by a bending roll or the like to peel off. In recent years, the cold mechanical descaling method has been frequently used from the viewpoint of consideration of recent pollution problems and production efficiency.
[0005]
Therefore, it is important for the scale to have excellent protection (environmental barrier) that does not cause rust on the product during storage or transportation while it easily peels and drops when it is strained cold. For this purpose, it is desirable that the surface does not swell or crack, and that there is no defect part that is peeled off.
[0006]
However, the scale manufactured by the above-described conventional method has already peeled off from the steel surface in the hot rolling process and swelled into a circle or an ellipse, and many of the surfaces are cracked or dropped off. In addition, since the cold mechanical descaling property of the portion where the swelling has occurred and the scale in the vicinity thereof is inferior and is not completely removed, biting flaws caused by the residual scale occur in the wire drawing process, and the surface texture There was a problem that red rust occurred during storage before shipping.
[0007]
For this reason, various methods for improving the surface properties of the scale in the hot rolling process (decreasing defects) have been studied. For example, a method for reducing the amount of Fe 3 O 4 in the scale to less than 30% (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8). -295991) and a method of making the interface roughness between the scale and the steel 10 μm or less (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-295592) have been proposed.
[0008]
However, the above proposed method has a drawback that special equipment for performing atmosphere control or the like in the hot rolling process is required, and that it is difficult to manufacture with existing equipment.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is that there is no need to perform a special treatment in the hot rolling process, it can be easily manufactured by existing equipment, the surface is swollen or cracked, and there are very few defective parts that have dropped off, An object of the present invention is to provide a hot-rolled steel wire with scale whose surface is covered with a scale layer that is excellent in protection during storage and transportation, and also excellent in mechanical descaling properties.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention resides in a hot-rolled steel wire with scale excellent in the following protective properties and cold mechanical descaling properties.
[0011]
The material is% by weight, C: 0.7 to 1.1%, Si: 0.1 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.2 to 1%, Cr: 0 to 1%, Al: 0.003 %, S: 0.01% or less, and Y: 0.0005 to 0.02%, with the balance being hot-rolled wire made of Fe and impurities . Furthermore, it is a hot rolled wire rod in which one or more of Ce, La, Nd, and Pr are combined with the Y content and contain 0.0005 to 0.02% in total, with the balance being Fe and impurities .
[0012]
Moreover, a raw material is weight%, C: 0.7-1.1%, Si: 0.1-1.5%, Mn: 0.2-1%, Ca: 0.001-0.01% , Cr: 0 to 1%, Al: 0.003% or less, and S: 0.01% or less, and one or more of Y, Ce, La, Nd and Pr in total 0.0005 A hot-rolled wire rod containing 0.02%, the balance being Fe and impurities .
[0013]
The present invention has been completed based on the following findings. That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted extensive experimental research on the properties of the scale that affect the protection and cold mechanical descaling properties and the chemical composition of the steel that affects the properties of this scale. As a result of many manufacturing experiments using actual machines, the following were found.
[0014]
When the coiling temperature in the hot rolling process is 850 ° C. or more, blisters are partially generated on the steel surface, the scale of this part peels off from the steel surface and swells into a circle or ellipse, and many surfaces thereof It breaks or falls off.
[0015]
A scale mainly composed of Fe 3 O 4 with high adhesion to the metal is formed and adhered to the blistered part and the surrounding steel surface, but the swollen scale itself is easily dropped off. In addition to the fact that the scale mainly composed of Fe 3 O 4 formed and adhered in the vicinity remains, the scale in the vicinity of the swollen portion is formed by a synergistic effect of the generated adhesion of the scale and the release of stress due to the swelling. Descalability is inferior because it remains.
[0016]
And when it occurs due to the occurrence of blisters, the scale peels off from the steel surface and swells into a circle or an ellipse, and the area ratio of the defect occurrence part, which is a part where many surfaces are cracked or dropped, exceeds 10%. The cold mechanical descaling method alone cannot sufficiently remove the scale, and the removal by the pickling method is required, so that the production efficiency is remarkably lowered.
[0017]
Moreover, the blister deteriorates the surface properties of the scale, and is the starting point of red rust generation during storage and transportation. When the area ratio of the defect generation part exceeds 10%, the generation of red rust becomes significant. .
[0018]
The main cause of blisters is the compressive stress in the scale. However, this compressive stress is reduced if Ca is contained in an appropriate amount (0.001 to 0.01% by weight), and even if the winding temperature is 850 ° C. or higher, the generation of blisters is suppressed, The area ratio of the defect occurrence portion becomes a scale of 10% or less.
[0019]
Further, the compressive stress in the scale increases as the thickness of the scale increases, but an appropriate amount of one or more of Y, Ce, La, Nd and Pr (in total, 0.0005 to 0.02%). ) If contained, secondary scale formation is suppressed and the thickness of the scale is reduced, adhesion to the base material is improved, and even when the winding temperature is 850 ° C. or higher, the generation of blisters is suppressed. Thus, the area ratio of the defect occurrence portion becomes a scale of 10% or less.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the hot-rolled steel wire with scale of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following, “%” means “% by weight” unless otherwise specified.
[0021]
《Area ratio of scale defect occurrence part》
In the hot-rolled steel wire with scale of the present invention, the scale layer covering the surface of the steel wire must be a scale in which the area ratio of the above-described blister-induced defect occurrence portion is 10% or less. This is because, as described above, when the area ratio of the blister-induced defect generation portion exceeds 10%, not only the mechanical mechanical descaling method but also the scale removal cannot be performed to the extent that no problem occurs during the wire drawing process. This is because red rust is prominent in products during storage and transportation.
[0022]
In addition, from the viewpoint of cold mechanical descaling properties, there may be many defect occurrence parts such as surface cracks and peeling off caused by blistering, for example, handling impact during rolling operation or after completion of rolling. From the viewpoint of preventing red rust, that is, from the viewpoint of protection, it is better that the number of defect occurrence parts other than blister origin is small, including the blister origin defect occurrence part.
[0023]
Further, the thickness of the scale layer is not particularly limited. However, if the total thickness is too thick, not only the blistering caused by blistering during handling before and after shipping, but also handling of the blister, the scale of the remaining part is easy to peel off and red rust is more likely to occur. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 30 μm or less.
[0024]
Furthermore, whether or not it is a blister-induced defect can be discriminated by examining the scale of the part in contact with the metal on the steel surface, and the case where the scale is composed mainly of Fe 3 O 4 is caused by the blister. A defect that is a scale mainly composed of FeO is a defect other than blisters.
[0025]
Furthermore, the material steel constituting the hot-rolled steel wire with scale of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a carbon steel or a low alloy steel usually used for a cord wire or the like.
[0026]
However, when manufacturing by a normal method of winding at 750 to 950 ° C. after hot rolling, as described above, Ca is 0.001 to 0.01%, or Y, Ce, La, Nd and Pr. It is preferable to use carbon steel or low alloy steel containing one or both of 0.0005 to 0.02% in total in one or more of them. In this case, the area of the defect occurrence part due to blister The hot-rolled steel wire with scale of the present invention covered with a scale layer having a ratio of 10% or less can be obtained without any special treatment.
[0027]
In addition, when the steel wire material of the present invention is used as a material for, for example, a cord wire, it is necessary to ensure the required strength and breakage resistance. Ru using carbon steel or low alloy steel has. That is, the following chemical composition is required to ensure the strength and breakage resistance required for the hot rolled wire rod of the present invention .
[0028]
<< Chemical composition of material steel specified in the present invention >>
C: C is an element effective for increasing the strength of the steel wire rod. However, if the content is less than 0.7%, the strength when the wire diameter is drawn to 0.2 mm does not reach 4000 MPa. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.1%, pro-eutectoid cementite is generated, and disconnection frequently occurs during cold drawing. Therefore, the C content is preferably 0.7 to 1.1%.
[0029]
Si:
Si is an element that is effective for increasing the strength of a steel wire, and is an element necessary as a deoxidizer. However, if the content is less than 0.1%, a sufficient deoxidizing effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it contains exceeding 1.5%, wire drawing workability will fall. For this reason, the Si content is preferably 0.1 to 1.5%.
[0030]
Mn:
Mn is an element effective for increasing the strength of the steel wire, particularly the tensile strength (TS), and is necessary for preventing a decrease in hot workability due to S. In order to sufficiently exhibit these effects, a content of 0.2% or more is necessary. However, if it is contained in excess of 1%, it tends to segregate in the axial center portion of the steel wire, so that martensite and bainite are generated in the axial center portion of the steel wire after hot rolling, and the workability is reduced. It becomes easy to break when drawing. For this reason, the Mn content is preferably 0.2 to 1%.
[0031]
Cr:
Cr does not need to be added, but if added, it has the effect of reducing the lamella spacing of pearlite and improving the strength (TS). Therefore, when it is desired to obtain the effect, it can be added, and the effect becomes remarkable at 0.1% or more. However, if the content exceeds 1%, the time required for transformation from austenite to pearlite becomes longer (> 30 seconds), and the productivity decreases. For this reason, when Cr is added, the Cr content is preferably 0.1 to 1%.
[0032]
Al:
Al is usually added as a deoxidizer. However, if its content exceeds 0.003%, it forms inclusions mainly of Al 2 O 3 and remains in the steel, and during wire drawing, Workability is reduced and disconnection is likely to occur. For this reason, the Al content is preferably 0.003% or less.
[0033]
S:
S is an element which is inevitably contained in steel and deteriorates the ductility of steel. However, there is no particular problem if the content is 0.01% or less. In addition, the lower the S content, the better.
[0034]
Ca:
Ca is an element effective in relieving the compressive stress in the scale layer generated on the surface of the steel wire rod in the hot rolling process and preventing the generation of blisters. However, if the content is less than 0.001%, the above effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.01%, it remains in the steel as oxide inclusions and the workability is lowered, and breakage is likely to occur during wire drawing. For this reason, the Ca content is preferably 0.001 to 0.01%.
[0035]
Y, Ce, Nd, Pr, La:
These elements are elements to be added instead of Ca, and if any one of them is added alone or in combination of two or more, the generation of secondary scale is suppressed and the scale thickness is reduced, Similar to the above Ca, it has the effect of relaxing the compressive stress in the scale layer generated on the surface of the steel wire in the hot rolling process, preventing the generation of blisters and improving the adhesion of the scale to the base material. is doing. However, the above effects cannot be obtained when the content of any element is less than 0.0005%. On the other hand, when the total content exceeds 0.02%, it remains in the steel as oxide inclusions and the workability is lowered, and it is easy to break at the time of wire drawing. Therefore, the total content of these elements is preferably 0.0005 to 0.02%. Of these elements, Ce, Nd, Pr and La excluding Y are usually added and analyzed as Misch metal (MM).
[0053]
【Example】
<< Example 2 >> 24 types of carbon steel (except steel Nos. B9 and B10) having the chemical composition shown in Table 3 were melted and made into a slab having a cross section of 125 mm square and a length of 6000 mm by a continuous casting machine, The slab was heated to 1150 ° C. and then subjected to hot rolling, finished to a wire rod having a finishing diameter of 870 to 930 ° C. and a wire diameter of 5.5 mm, and immediately wound, and then allowed to cool to room temperature in the atmosphere.
[0054]
[Table 3]
[0055]
Then, the surface scale layer of each wire after cooling was visually observed, and performs a check as to the presence of a blister occurs, while Ru examined defect occurrence of blisters due to measure the area of defect portions of the blister caused By dividing this area by the total observation area, the area ratio (area%) of the defect occurrence portion was examined. At that time, confusing defects were discriminated by examining the scale of the part in contact with the bare metal, but almost no defects other than blisters were found in each of the wires used in the following tests.
[0056]
A test piece having a length of 300 mm was collected from each wire after the above investigation, and subjected to the following cold mechanical descale test to examine its cold mechanical descaling property .
<Cold mechanical descaling test> A tensile strain of 6% is applied to the collected specimen to remove the scale layer, and the scale residual rate R after the scale removal is obtained by the following equation. I investigated .
R = {(W 1 −W 2 ) / W 1 } × 100 (%)
However,
W 1 : Weight of the test piece after applying 6% tensile strain
W 2 : Weight of the test piece after removing only the scale layer remaining on the surface of the test piece after applying 6% tensile strain
The scale layer alone was removed by pickling with hydrochloric acid .
[0057]
Furthermore, each wire was subjected to the following wire drawing test to examine wire drawing workability.
<< Wire Drawing Test >> Using a continuous wire drawing machine equipped with a bending roll type cold mechanical descaling device and 11 die stands with a die with an approach angle of 20 ° in the subsequent stage, cold mechanical While performing the descaling process, the wire was continuously drawn from 5.5 mm to 1.5 mm in diameter.
At that time, in the cold mechanical descaling apparatus, a strain equivalent to that given in the cold mechanical descaling test was applied. Further, a phosphate lubricant film was applied to the wire after the cold mechanical descaling treatment, while powder metal soap was supplied on the entrance side of each die stand. Furthermore, the area reduction rate at each die stand was 20% on average .
[0058]
The drawing workability in this example was evaluated according to the following criteria. In other words, it can be processed at once to the target finished wire diameter of 1.5 mm, and if the die surface seizure or scale indentation due to residual scale is not observed on the surface of the processed wire, it is judged as “good” , otherwise Specifically, although the target finish wire diameter could be processed to 1.5 mm, a case where a die seizure flaw or a scale indentation flaw due to the residual scale was found on the surface of the processed wire rod was defective 1 “△ ”, The case where the wire was broken before reaching the target finished wire diameter of 1.5 mm was evaluated as a defect 2“ × ”.
[0059]
[Table 4]
[0060]
As shown in Table 4, the area ratio of the blister-induced defect generation part of the surface scale layer is 2.5 to 6.0% of the wire of the present invention example (steel No. B1 to B15, where steel No. B9, (Excluding B10 ) had a low residual scale ratio of 0.012% or less after cold mechanical descaling and was excellent in cold mechanical descaling.
[0061]
Moreover, the wire rods of the inventive examples (steel Nos. B1 to B15, except for steel Nos. B9 and B10 ) do not cause die seizure due to the residual scale, but at a stretch to the target finished wire diameter of 1.5 mm. It could be processed and the wire drawing workability was also good.
[0062]
However, the wire rod (steel No. B16) with too much C content in the raw steel did not cause die seizure due to the residual scale, but a large amount of proeutectoid cementite was precipitated, so the wire diameter was 1. When it became 6 mm, it was disconnected and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0063]
The wire rod (steel No. B17) in which the Si content of the material steel was too high did not cause die seizure due to the residual scale, but when the wire diameter became 1.6 mm because the ductility of the base material decreased. The wire was disconnected and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0064]
The wire steel (steel No. B18) with too little Si content in the material steel did not cause die seizure due to residual scale, but there was a large amount of non-metallic inclusions due to insufficient deoxidation, and the workability of the steel Since the wire diameter was 1.6 mm, the wire was broken and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0065]
The wire rod (steel No. B19) with too much Mn content in the material steel did not cause die seizure due to the residual scale, but a large amount of martensite and bainite was generated due to the wet shaft core of the wire rod. Therefore, the wire was disconnected when the wire diameter became 1.6 mm, and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0066]
The wire rod (steel No. B20) with too much S content in the material steel did not cause die seizure due to the residual scale, but when the wire diameter became 1.7 mm because the ductility of the base material deteriorated. The wire was disconnected and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0067]
The wire rods (steel Nos. 21 to 23) containing too much Y or / and misch metal (Ce, Nd, Pr and La) in the material steel did not cause die seizure due to residual scale, but were oxidized. Since there were a large amount of inclusions and the workability of the steel was inferior, the wire diameter was all broken at 1.8 m, and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0068]
Although the wire rod (steel No. B24) having a too high Al content in the material steel did not cause die seizure due to residual scale, a large amount of inclusions mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 existed. Since the workability was inferior, the wire was broken when the wire diameter became 1.7 mm, and the wire drawing workability was poor.
[0069]
In contrast, the area ratio of the defect portion of the blister caused the surface scale layer is 12.5% and 13.0% der Ru ratio Comparative Examples wire material (steel No.B25 and B26), the cold mechanical descaling The remaining scale ratios after that were 0.070% and 0.080%, about 7 times that of the wire of the present invention, and the cold mechanical descaling property was remarkably inferior. For this reason, die seizure due to the remaining scale occurred on the surface of the wire after the wire drawing, and the wire drawing workability was also poor.
[0070]
Steel No. The area ratio of the defect generation part due to blisters in the surface scale layer of the wire rods of B25 and B26 was as high as 12.5% and 13.0% because of Y or / and Misch metal (Ce, Nd, Pr) And the content of La) is out of the range defined in the present invention. In addition, this steel No. Many blisters are generated in the wires of B25 and B26, the scales of the parts are swollen and peeled off from the steel surface, and in the vicinity thereof, the generation of scales whose main component is inferior in descaling properties of Fe 3 O 4 Was confirmed.
[0071]
Furthermore, although the data is omitted, the wire of the example of the present invention hardly generated red rust even after being left in the building for 1 month after its manufacture, but a lot of red rust was generated in the wire of the comparative example. .
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
In the hot-rolled steel wire with scale according to the present invention, the steel surface is covered with a scale layer excellent in protection with few defects caused by blisters, so that red rust hardly occurs during storage and transportation. Moreover, since the scale layer is excellent in cold mechanical descaling property, it can be removed with high efficiency, and is very suitable for wire drawing by a continuous wire drawing machine equipped with a cold mechanical descaling device.
[0073]
Moreover, since the wire can be manufactured according to a conventional method using existing equipment, if steel using Ca or / and Y, Ce, La, Nd and Pr added to the material steel is used, No equipment modification is required.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19037099A JP3797024B2 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-07-05 | Scaled hot rolled steel wire with excellent protection and cold mechanical descaling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10-364567 | 1998-12-22 | ||
| JP36456798 | 1998-12-22 | ||
| JP19037099A JP3797024B2 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-07-05 | Scaled hot rolled steel wire with excellent protection and cold mechanical descaling |
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| JP2000239796A JP2000239796A (en) | 2000-09-05 |
| JP3797024B2 true JP3797024B2 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
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