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JP3797825B2 - Building materials - Google Patents
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JP3797825B2 - Building materials - Google Patents

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JP3797825B2
JP3797825B2 JP20396099A JP20396099A JP3797825B2 JP 3797825 B2 JP3797825 B2 JP 3797825B2 JP 20396099 A JP20396099 A JP 20396099A JP 20396099 A JP20396099 A JP 20396099A JP 3797825 B2 JP3797825 B2 JP 3797825B2
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cfc
binder
decomposition
decomposition product
mechanical strength
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昭 小島
朗 中嶋
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カースチール株式会社
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/12Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/20Waste materials; Refuse organic from macromolecular compounds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物を原料とする建築材料(壁材、天井板、間仕切り板等)に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
特定フロン(以下、単にフロンと称する)は、極めて安定した化合物であり、冷媒、発泡剤、洗浄剤等として広く使用されてきた。しかし、大気中に放出されたフロンは、成層圏のオゾン層を破壊することが明らかになったため、我が国では1995年以降その生産が中止されている。
【0003】
しかし、オゾン層の破壊を防ぐためには、フロンの生産を中止するだけでは不十分で、これまでに生産され使用されている大量のフロンを廃棄処分するにあたっては分解無害化処理が不可欠である。
【0004】
フロンの分解無害化処理に供される装置(フロン分解無害化装置)としては、アークプラズマ方式、高周波プラズマ方式、化学的熱分解方式、触媒方式、液中分解方式等がある。最近、上記各種フロン分解無害化装置のなかでも小型・低コストで分解処理能力の高いアークプラズマ方式(特開平10−249161号等)が注目されている。
【0005】
かかるアークプラズマ方式のフロン分解無害化装置は、放電によって空気をプラズマ化して超高温(約10,000℃)のアークを発生させ、そこにフロン〔例えば、フロン12(CCl)〕と水蒸気(HO)とを送り込んで瞬時に分解処理する。
【0006】
CCl+2HO → 2HCl + 2HF + CO
【0007】
分解ガスは、消石灰〔Ca(OH)〕で急冷されながら中和してフッ化カルシウム(CaF)と炭酸カルシウム(CaCO)とからなる無害化物質(フロン分解物)となる。下記反応式中のCaClは水溶性であるので、固形物化しない。なお、CaClが固形物中に残留した場合には、水洗することで容易に除去できる。
【0008】
HCl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2
【0009】
HF + Ca(OH)2 → CaF2
【0010】
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3
【0011】
なお、プラズマアーク方式以外のフロン分解無害化装置でも、上記したのと同様にフロン分解物が生成される。
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記したフロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物は、一般廃棄物とは異なり厳格な廃棄物流出防止措置が施された管理型処分場で埋立て処分しなければならず、廃棄処理費用が嵩む欠点を有している。廃棄処分されるフロンは年々増加しており、今後廃棄処理費用が高騰化するものと推測される。
【0012】
ここに、フロン分解物を単に廃棄処分してしまうことは経済的にも得策ではなく、資源の有効利用の観点からいっても問題がある。そこで、フロン分解物を再資源化する技術の開発が強く望まれている。
【0013】
本発明の目的は、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物を再資源化して軽量で機械的強度が大きくしかも耐火性に優れた建築材料を提供することにある。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成された、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO )とフッ化カルシウム(CaF )との混合物であるフロン分解物を結合材で硬化させて成る建築材料である。
【0015】
かかる発明の場合、フロン分解物(炭酸カルシウム、フッ化カルシウム)は、密度が小さい(2.7g/cm、3.18g/cm)ので、結合材と水とを加えて硬化させても硬化物は軽量である。また、フロン分解物と結合材とが強固に結合するので、機械的強度(曲げ強度、圧縮強度)も大きい。また、炭酸カルシウムの分解温度が900℃、フッ化カルシウムの分解温度が1403℃であるので、硬化物も耐火性に優れている。なお、800℃程度の加熱・分解で生じるガスは、炭酸ガスであるので人体には無害である。
【0016】
したがって、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物を再資源化して軽量で機械的強度も大きくしかも耐火性に優れた建築材料を提供できる。
【0017】
請求項2の発明は、前記結合材が石膏であることを特徴とする建築材料である。
【0018】
かかる発明の場合、フロン分解物と石膏とが強固に結合して硬化するので、請求項1記載の発明と同様な作用・効果を奏する他、市販の石膏ボードに比べて大幅に機械的強度を増大させることができる。
【0019】
請求項3の発明は、前記結合材がセメントであることを特徴とする建築材料である。
【0020】
かかる発明の場合、フロン分解物とセメントとが強固に結合して硬化するので、請求項1記載の発明と同様な作用・効果を奏する他、機械的強度が大きいセメント2次製品を簡単に製造できる。
【0021】
請求項4の発明は、前記結合材が合成樹脂であることを特徴とする建築材料である。
【0022】
かかる発明の場合、請求項1記載の発明と同様な作用・効果を奏する他、機械的強度が大きいエクステリア製品、マンホール蓋、側溝蓋、ステップ等を簡単に製造できる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。
【0024】
本発明に係る建築材料は、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物を結合材で硬化させて成る。
【0025】
この実施形態では、フロンとしては、カーエアコンの冷媒として使用されていたフロン12(CCl)が選定されている。なお、フロン12以外の特定フロンを選定してもよい。フロン分解物は、前記フロン12をプラズマアーク方式のフロン分解無害化装置で分解無害化処理することによって生成される。具体的には、フロン分解物は、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO)とフッ化カルシウム(CaF)との混合物である。
【0026】
また、結合材としては、焼き石膏が選定されている。 焼き石膏は、無機系結合材で水と混合することによって反応が生じ固形化する。この焼き石膏は、半水石膏で硫酸カルシウムの1/2水和物で、1.5水を含み硬化物を形成する。
【0027】
CaSO・1/2HO+HO→CaSO・2H
【0028】
この焼き石膏は、安価で、耐火性、不燃性が特徴である。
ここに、本建築材料の製造条件等を決定するに当って、上記フロン分解物と結合材(石膏)との混合割合と機械的強度(曲げ強度、圧縮強度,曲げ弾性率等)がどのような関係にあるかを実験した。以下、図1に基き実験について説明する。
【0029】
〔実験方法〕
【0030】
▲1▼. まず、水分を相当量含んだフロン分解物を、乾燥器中で1日間90℃で乾燥し、その後粉砕して粉末状とした(ステップST1)。
【0031】
▲2▼.次に、粉末状のフロン分解物と焼き石膏とを表1に示す配合で混合した(ST2)。フロン分解物(F)の配合率(%)は、0、10、15、20、25、30、50、60、70、80とした。ここで、配合率とは、フロン分解物(F)と石膏(S)との混合物(F+S)中にどれだけの割合でフロン分解物(F)が配合されているかを重量パーセントで表した値である。すなわち、〔F/(F+S)〕×100(%)である。なお、硬化後に同一の形状で機械的強度等を測定できるように、配合率が変わってもフロン分解物(F)と石膏(S)との混合物(F+S)の重量が一定値(例えば、150g)となるようにした。例えば、配合率が10%の場合には、フロン分解物(F)の重量を15g、石膏(S)の重量を135gとした。
【0032】
▲3▼.次に、混合物(F+S)に水を所定量(例えば、90ml)加えて攪拌混合した(ST3)。
【0033】
▲4▼.攪拌混合された泥状の混合物(F+S)を、シリコン系離形剤を塗布した型枠(1cm×6.4cm×3.5cm)へ注入し(ST4)、所定時間経過してある程度乾燥したところで脱型した(ST5)。脱型後の硬化物(板状の試料No.1〜No.10)は、10日間室内で乾燥させた(ST6)。
【0034】
▲5▼.また、上記した場合と同様の手順で、石膏(S)の使用量を増やして上記混合物(F+S)の水(W)に対する比率〔(F+S)/W〕が2以上の試料(表3のNo.11〜No.16)も作成した。
【0035】
▲6▼.試料(No.1〜No.16)の密度、機械的強度(曲げ強度、圧縮強度、曲げ弾性率)を測定した。
【0036】
ここにおいて、密度は、試料(No.1〜No.16)の重量を化学天秤で測定するとともにノギスで3辺を測定して体積を算出して求めた。曲げ強度は、万能試験機(ORIENTEC-1S)を使用し三点曲げで測定した。その際の荷重レンジは1000kgf、クロスヘッド速度 1.00mm/min.、支点間距離3.9cmであった。曲げ弾性率は、曲げ強度測定時の荷重−変形曲線の初期直線部の傾きから算出した。圧縮強度は、上記万能試験機で圧縮試験治具を装着して、荷重レンジ1000kgf、クロスヘッド速度 5.00mm/minで測定した。
【0037】
〔実験結果〕
【0038】
1.混合物(F+S)の水(W)に対する比率〔(F+S)/W〕が1.67である試料(No.1〜No.10)の密度、機械的強度を、表1および表2に示す。なお、表1および表2に基き、フロン分解物の配合率と機械的強度等との関係を図2(A),(B),(C),(D)で実線の折れ線グラフで示した。
【0039】
▲1▼.密度は、フロン分解物配合率が60%までは1.16g/cm程度でほぼ一定であった。なお、60%および80%添加した場合ではやや低くなり1.0g/cmになった。
【0040】
▲2▼.曲げ強度は、フロン分解物を10%および15%含む場合は、無配合の場合(石膏のみ)より増大した。これは、フロン分解物が、石膏の補強材として作用しているものと考えられる。また、20%含む場合ではほぼ同一であった。なお、フロン分解物配合率が増すと、曲げ強度は低下した。しかし、80%配合の場合でも、市販石膏ボードが両面の紙を剥がすとボロボロで極めて弱いことに比較すれば形状は維持しており、くずれ落ちることはなかった。
【0041】
▲3▼.曲げ弾性率は、曲げ強度とほぼ同様の傾向であった。
【0042】
▲4▼.圧縮強度は、フロン分解物の配合率が増加するにつれて低下する傾向にある。
【0043】
2.上記比率〔(F+S)/W〕が2以上である各試料(No.11〜No.16)の密度、機械的強度および曲げ弾性率は、表3に示す。なお、表3に基き、フロン分解物の配合率と機械的強度等との関係を図2(A),(B),(C),(D)で破線の折れ線グラフで示した。
【0044】
機械的強度(曲げ強度、圧縮強度、弾性率)は、比率〔(F+S)/W〕が1.67である各試料(No.1〜No.10)よりも大きい。
【0045】
3.なお、試料(No.1〜No.16)をガスバーナー中で加熱しても、分解や破壊されることはなかった。これは、炭酸カルシウムの分解温度が900℃、フッ化カルシウムの分解温度が1403℃であるので、硬化物も耐火性に優れていることによるものと考えられる。なお、800℃程度の加熱・分解で生じるガスは、炭酸ガスであるので人体には無害である。
【0046】
4.以上、上記実験結果によれば、フロン分解物を石膏で硬化させて成る試料(No.1〜No.16)は、軽量で従来の市販石膏ボードと比較すれば機械的強度がはるかに大きく、耐火性にも優れていることが判明した。
【0047】
〔製造条件〕
【0048】
上記実験結果から、より軽量の建築材料を製造する場合には、上記混合物(F+S)の水(W)に対する比率〔(F+S)/W〕を小さくする(例えば、2以下)。なお、さらに軽量化が求められる場合には、シラスバルーンなどの軽量骨材を添加すれば容易に解決可能である。
【0049】
また、より機械的強度の大きい建築材料を製造する場合には、上記フロン分解物の配合率を低くする(例えば、10%〜20%)。なお、フロン分解物の配合率を高くした場合でも、繊維(アスベスト、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、ロックウール、セラミックファイバー、スチールファイバー、ビニロン、パルプ等)を混合することで機械的強度を増大させることができる。こうした補強策を講じるなどすることで、上記フロン分解物配合率5%〜90%の範囲で実用化可能である。また、機械的強度および流動性確保等の観点から、上記比率〔(F+S)/W〕が0.1〜10.0で実用化可能で望ましくは1.0〜3.0である。
【0050】
こうして、製造された建築材料は、軽量で機械的強度も大きくしかも耐火性に優れている。また、フロン分解物は、微生物や太陽光の照射等によって性能が低下しないので、耐久性にも優れている。さらに、廃棄後の環境付加であるが、構成化合物はいずれも水に対する溶解度は低く、しかも有機物を含むことはないので環境への付加は低い。
【0051】
なお、上記実験では、フロン分解物を乾燥してから結合材(石膏)を混合したが、フロン分解無害化装置から取りだしたフロン分解物を脱水した後、結合材を加えて硬化物(建築材料)を製造してもよい。これにより、フロン分解物を乾燥させ粉末化する手間を掛ける必要がなくなり、一段と製造時間の短縮・製造コストの低減を図ることができる。
【0052】
また、上記実施形態では、結合材として石膏を用いたが、セメントでもよい。ここに、 結合材としてセメントを使用した場合、セメントとフロン分解物と水とを混練し、型枠中に充填、あるいは吹きつけ、あるいは押出し、型込めなどセメント製品の成形法を用いてセメント2次製品が簡単に製造できる。強度や耐久性などの点から、場合によっては砂や砂利などの細骨材を添加してもよい。
【0053】
また、結合材として合成樹脂を使用してもよい。合成樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂および熱可塑性樹脂のいずれも使用可能である。これらの合成樹脂と混合し、一般的な成形法で熱、圧力を加えることにより、エクステリア製品、マンホール蓋、側溝蓋、ステップなどを簡単に製造できる。
【0054】
また、上記したアークプラズマ方式のフロン分解無害化装置以外の装置によって生成されたフロン分解物を原料としてもよい。
【0055】
【表1】

Figure 0003797825
【0056】
【表2】
Figure 0003797825
【0057】
【表3】
Figure 0003797825
【0058】
【発明の効果】
請求項1の発明によれば、フロン分解無害化処理によって生成されたフロン分解物を結合材で硬化させて成るので、フロン分解物を再資源化して軽量で機械的強度も大きくしかも耐火性に優れた建築材料を提供することができる。
【0059】
請求項2の発明によれば、前記結合材が石膏であるので、請求項1記載の発明と同様な効果を奏する他、市販の石膏ボードに比べて大幅に機械的強度を増大させることができる。
【0060】
請求項3の発明によれば、前記結合材がセメントであるので、請求項1記載の発明と同様な効果を奏する他、機械的強度が大きいセメント2次製品を簡単に製造できる。
【0061】
請求項4の発明によれば、前記結合材が合成樹脂であるので、請求項1記載の発明と同様な効果を奏する他、機械的強度の大きいエクステリア製品、マンホール蓋、側溝蓋、ステップ等を製造できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態を説明するための図である。
【図2】同じく、フロン分解物配合率と機械的強度等の関係を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
ST1〜ST6 実験の各ステップ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building material (a wall material, a ceiling board, a partition board, etc.) which uses a CFC decomposition product generated by CFC decomposition detoxification processing as a raw material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Specific chlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter simply referred to as chlorofluorocarbons) are extremely stable compounds and have been widely used as refrigerants, foaming agents, cleaning agents, and the like. However, chlorofluorocarbons released into the atmosphere have been found to destroy the stratospheric ozone layer, and production has been suspended in Japan since 1995.
[0003]
However, in order to prevent the destruction of the ozone layer, it is not enough to stop the production of chlorofluorocarbons. Decomposition and detoxification treatment is indispensable for disposal of a large amount of chlorofluorocarbons produced and used so far.
[0004]
Examples of the apparatus used for the decomposition and detoxification treatment of CFCs (CFC decomposition and detoxification apparatus) include an arc plasma system, a high frequency plasma system, a chemical thermal decomposition system, a catalyst system, and a submerged decomposition system. Recently, among the various chlorofluorocarbon decomposition detoxification devices, an arc plasma system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-249161, etc.) which is small and low in cost and has a high decomposition treatment capacity has attracted attention.
[0005]
Such an arc plasma type chlorofluorocarbon decomposition detoxification device converts air into plasma by discharge to generate an ultra-high temperature (about 10,000 ° C.) arc, and chlorofluorocarbon (for example, chlorofluorocarbon 12 (CCl 2 F 2 )) and Steam (H 2 O) is sent in and instantaneously decomposed.
[0006]
CCl 2 F 2 + 2H 2 O → 2HCl + 2HF + CO 2
[0007]
The cracked gas is neutralized while quenched with slaked lime [Ca (OH) 2 ] to become a detoxifying substance (fluorocarbon decomposed product) composed of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Since CaCl 2 in the following reaction formula is water-soluble, it is not solidified. If CaCl 2 remains in the solid, it can be easily removed by washing with water.
[0008]
HCl + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCl 2
[0009]
HF + Ca (OH) 2 → CaF 2
[0010]
CO 2 + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCO 3
[0011]
In addition, in the chlorofluorocarbon decomposition detoxification device other than the plasma arc method, chlorofluorocarbon decomposition products are generated in the same manner as described above.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the chlorofluorocarbon decomposition products generated by the above-mentioned chlorofluorocarbon decomposition detoxification treatment must be disposed of in landfills at a managed disposal site where strict waste spill prevention measures have been taken, unlike ordinary waste. It has the disadvantage of increasing processing costs. The amount of CFCs that are disposed of is increasing year by year, and it is estimated that the disposal costs will rise in the future.
[0012]
Here, simply disposing of the CFC decomposition product is not economically advantageous, and there is a problem from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. Therefore, development of a technology for recycling chlorofluorocarbon decomposition products is strongly desired.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a building material that is lightweight, has high mechanical strength, and is excellent in fire resistance by recycling the CFC decomposition product produced by CFC decomposition detoxification treatment.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 is a building material obtained by curing a CFC decomposition product, which is a mixture of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) , produced by CFC decomposition detoxification treatment with a binder. is there.
[0015]
In the case of this invention, the CFC-decomposed product (calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride) has a low density (2.7 g / cm 3 , 3.18 g / cm 3 ), so that it can be cured by adding a binder and water. The cured product is lightweight. Further, since the CFC decomposition product and the binder are firmly bonded, the mechanical strength (bending strength, compressive strength) is also high. Further, since the decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate is 900 ° C. and the decomposition temperature of calcium fluoride is 1403 ° C., the cured product is also excellent in fire resistance. In addition, since the gas generated by heating and decomposition at about 800 ° C. is carbon dioxide gas, it is harmless to the human body.
[0016]
Therefore, it is possible to provide a building material that is lightweight, has high mechanical strength, and is excellent in fire resistance by recycling the CFC decomposition product generated by CFC decomposition detoxification treatment.
[0017]
The invention of claim 2 is a building material characterized in that the binder is plaster.
[0018]
In the case of such an invention, since the CFC decomposition product and the gypsum are firmly bonded and hardened, the same effect and effect as the invention of claim 1 can be obtained, and the mechanical strength is significantly higher than that of a commercially available gypsum board. Can be increased.
[0019]
The invention of claim 3 is a building material characterized in that the binder is cement.
[0020]
In the case of such an invention, since the CFC decomposition product and the cement are firmly bonded and hardened, the cement secondary product having the high mechanical strength can be easily produced in addition to the same operation and effect as the invention of the first aspect. it can.
[0021]
The invention of claim 4 is a building material characterized in that the binding material is a synthetic resin.
[0022]
In the case of this invention, in addition to the effects and advantages similar to those of the invention described in claim 1, exterior products, manhole covers, side groove covers, steps and the like having high mechanical strength can be easily manufactured.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
The building material according to the present invention is obtained by curing a CFC decomposition product generated by CFC decomposition detoxification treatment with a binder.
[0025]
In this embodiment, Freon 12 (CCl 2 F 2 ) that has been used as a refrigerant for car air conditioners is selected as the Freon. A specific chlorofluorocarbon other than chlorofluorocarbon 12 may be selected. The chlorofluorocarbon decomposition product is generated by decomposing and detoxifying the chlorofluorocarbon 12 using a plasma arc type chlorofluorocarbon detoxifying device. Specifically, the CFC decomposition product is a mixture of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ).
[0026]
In addition, baked gypsum is selected as the binder. The calcined gypsum is reacted and solidified by mixing with water with an inorganic binder. This calcined gypsum is hemihydrate gypsum, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, containing 1.5 water to form a cured product.
[0027]
CaSO 4 · 1 / 2H 2 O + H 2 O → CaSO 4 · 2H 2 O
[0028]
This calcined gypsum is inexpensive and is characterized by fire resistance and nonflammability.
Here, in determining the manufacturing conditions, etc. of this building material, what is the mixing ratio and mechanical strength (bending strength, compressive strength, flexural modulus, etc.) of the above-mentioned CFC decomposition product and binder (gypsum)? Experimented with the relationship. Hereinafter, the experiment will be described with reference to FIG.
[0029]
〔experimental method〕
[0030]
(1). First, the CFC-decomposed material containing a substantial amount of moisture was dried at 90 ° C. for 1 day in a drier, and then pulverized into a powder (step ST1).
[0031]
(2). Next, the powdered CFC decomposition product and the calcined gypsum were mixed in the composition shown in Table 1 (ST2). The blending ratio (%) of the CFC decomposition product (F) was 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50, 60, 70, 80. Here, the blending ratio is a value expressed in weight percent to what proportion of the CFC decomposition product (F) is mixed in the mixture (F + S) of CFC decomposition product (F) and gypsum (S). It is. That is, [F / (F + S)] × 100 (%). It should be noted that the weight of the mixture (F + S) of the CFC decomposition product (F) and gypsum (S) is constant (for example, 150 g) even if the blending ratio is changed so that the mechanical strength and the like can be measured with the same shape after curing. ). For example, when the blending ratio is 10%, the weight of the CFC decomposition product (F) is 15 g, and the weight of the gypsum (S) is 135 g.
[0032]
(3). Next, a predetermined amount (for example, 90 ml) of water was added to the mixture (F + S) and mixed by stirring (ST3).
[0033]
(4). The stirred and mixed mud mixture (F + S) is poured into a mold (1 cm × 6.4 cm × 3.5 cm) coated with a silicon-based mold release agent (ST4), and when it has been dried to some extent after a predetermined time. Demolded (ST5). The cured products (plate-like samples No. 1 to No. 10) after demolding were dried indoors for 10 days (ST6).
[0034]
(5). Further, in the same procedure as described above, the amount of gypsum (S) used was increased and the ratio of the mixture (F + S) to water (W) [(F + S) / W] was 2 or more (No in Table 3). .11 to No. 16) were also prepared.
[0035]
(6). The density and mechanical strength (bending strength, compressive strength, bending elastic modulus) of the samples (No. 1 to No. 16) were measured.
[0036]
Here, the density was obtained by measuring the weight of the sample (No. 1 to No. 16) with an analytical balance and measuring the three sides with a caliper to calculate the volume. The bending strength was measured by three-point bending using a universal testing machine (ORIENTEC-1S). The load range at that time was 1000 kgf, the crosshead speed was 1.00 mm / min, and the distance between the fulcrums was 3.9 cm. The flexural modulus was calculated from the slope of the initial linear portion of the load-deformation curve when measuring the bending strength. The compressive strength was measured at a load range of 1000 kgf and a crosshead speed of 5.00 mm / min with the above universal testing machine equipped with a compression test jig.
[0037]
〔Experimental result〕
[0038]
1. Tables 1 and 2 show the density and mechanical strength of the samples (No. 1 to No. 10) in which the ratio [(F + S) / W] of the mixture (F + S) to water (W) is 1.67. In addition, based on Table 1 and Table 2, the relationship between the blending ratio of the CFC decomposition product and the mechanical strength is shown by a solid line graph in FIGS. 2 (A), (B), (C), (D). .
[0039]
(1). The density was approximately constant at about 1.16 g / cm 3 up to 60% of the CFC decomposition product. In addition, when 60% and 80% were added, it was slightly lowered to 1.0 g / cm 3 .
[0040]
(2). The bending strength was increased when 10% and 15% of chlorofluorocarbon degradation products were contained, compared to the case of no blending (gypsum only). This is considered that the CFC decomposition product is acting as a gypsum reinforcing material. Further, when 20% was included, it was almost the same. In addition, bending strength fell, when the freon decomposition product compounding ratio increased. However, even in the case of 80% blending, the shape was maintained compared to the fact that the commercially available gypsum board peeled off both sides of the paper, and it was very weak and was not broken down.
[0041]
(3). The flexural modulus was almost the same tendency as the flexural strength.
[0042]
(4). The compressive strength tends to decrease as the content of the CFC decomposition product increases.
[0043]
2. Table 3 shows the density, mechanical strength, and flexural modulus of each sample (No. 11 to No. 16) in which the ratio [(F + S) / W] is 2 or more. In addition, based on Table 3, the relationship between the blending ratio of the CFC decomposition product and the mechanical strength is shown by a broken line graph in FIGS. 2 (A), (B), (C), and (D).
[0044]
Mechanical strength (bending strength, compressive strength, elastic modulus) is larger than each sample (No. 1 to No. 10) having a ratio [(F + S) / W] of 1.67.
[0045]
3. In addition, even if it heated the sample (No.1-No.16) in the gas burner, it was not decomposed | disassembled or destroyed. This is considered to be due to the fact that the decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate is 900 ° C. and the decomposition temperature of calcium fluoride is 1403 ° C., so that the cured product is also excellent in fire resistance. In addition, since the gas generated by heating and decomposition at about 800 ° C. is carbon dioxide gas, it is harmless to the human body.
[0046]
4). As described above, according to the above experimental results, the samples (No. 1 to No. 16) obtained by curing the CFC decomposition product with gypsum are lighter in weight and mechanical strength is much larger than conventional gypsum boards. It turned out that it was excellent also in fire resistance.
[0047]
[Production conditions]
[0048]
From the above experimental results, when producing a lighter building material, the ratio [(F + S) / W] of the mixture (F + S) to water (W) is reduced (for example, 2 or less). In addition, when further weight reduction is required, it can be easily solved by adding a lightweight aggregate such as a shirasu balloon.
[0049]
Moreover, when manufacturing a building material with larger mechanical strength, the mixing | blending rate of the said CFC decomposition product is made low (for example, 10%-20%). Even if the blending rate of CFC decomposition products is increased, the mechanical strength can be increased by mixing fibers (asbestos, glass fiber, carbon fiber, rock wool, ceramic fiber, steel fiber, vinylon, pulp, etc.). Can do. By taking such reinforcement measures, it can be put into practical use within the range of 5% to 90% of the above CFC decomposition product blending ratio. In addition, from the viewpoint of ensuring mechanical strength and fluidity, the ratio [(F + S) / W] is 0.1 to 10.0 and can be put into practical use, and is preferably 1.0 to 3.0.
[0050]
Thus, the manufactured building material is lightweight, has high mechanical strength, and is excellent in fire resistance. In addition, CFC degradation products are excellent in durability because their performance does not deteriorate due to irradiation with microorganisms or sunlight. Furthermore, although it is an environment addition after disposal, all the constituent compounds have low solubility in water, and since they do not contain organic substances, the addition to the environment is low.
[0051]
In the above experiment, the binder (gypsum) was mixed after the CFC decomposition product was dried. However, after the CFC decomposition product taken out from the CFC decomposition detoxification device was dehydrated, the binder was added and the cured product (building material) ) May be manufactured. As a result, it is not necessary to take the trouble of drying and pulverizing the chlorofluorocarbon decomposition product, and the manufacturing time and manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
[0052]
In the above embodiment, gypsum is used as the binder, but cement may be used. Here, when cement is used as the binder, the cement 2 is decomposed with CFCs and water, and is then filled in, blown into, or extruded into a mold, extruded, and molded using a cement product molding method. The next product can be easily manufactured. From the viewpoint of strength and durability, fine aggregates such as sand and gravel may be added in some cases.
[0053]
Moreover, you may use a synthetic resin as a binder. As the synthetic resin, any of a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin can be used. By mixing with these synthetic resins and applying heat and pressure by a general molding method, exterior products, manhole covers, side groove covers, steps, etc. can be easily manufactured.
[0054]
Moreover, it is good also considering the CFC decomposition product produced | generated by apparatuses other than the above-mentioned arc plasma type CFC decomposition detoxification apparatus as a raw material.
[0055]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003797825
[0056]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003797825
[0057]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003797825
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the CFC decomposition product generated by the CFC decomposition detoxification treatment is cured with the binder, so that the CFC decomposition product is recycled to reduce the weight, increase the mechanical strength, and make it fire resistant. Excellent building materials can be provided.
[0059]
According to the invention of claim 2, since the binder is gypsum, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1 can be obtained, and the mechanical strength can be greatly increased compared to a commercially available gypsum board. .
[0060]
According to the invention of claim 3, since the binding material is cement, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1 can be obtained and a cement secondary product having high mechanical strength can be easily produced.
[0061]
According to the invention of claim 4, since the binding material is a synthetic resin, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1 can be obtained, and an exterior product having a high mechanical strength, a manhole cover, a side groove cover, a step, etc. Can be manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also a graph showing the relationship between the CFC decomposition product blending ratio and the mechanical strength.
[Explanation of symbols]
ST1 to ST6 Each step of the experiment

Claims (4)

フロン分解無害化処理によって生成された、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO )とフッ化カルシウム(CaF )との混合物であるフロン分解物を結合材で硬化させて成る建築材料。A building material obtained by curing a CFC decomposition product, which is a mixture of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) , produced by CFC decomposition detoxification treatment with a binder. 前記結合材が石膏であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築材料。  The building material according to claim 1, wherein the binder is plaster. 前記結合材がセメントであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築材料。  The building material according to claim 1, wherein the binder is cement. 前記結合材が合成樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築材料。  The building material according to claim 1, wherein the binder is a synthetic resin.
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JP2003002709A (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-01-08 Zenjiro Osawa Utilizing method fo caught material obtained by detoxification treatment of fluorocarbon
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JP3847323B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2006-11-22 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 Freon decomposed material mixed road pavement, Freon decomposed material mixed roadbed material, and manufacturing method thereof

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