JP3798358B2 - Joint structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joint structure using male and female joints, and more particularly to a joint structure that facilitates automatic coupling and that is particularly suitable for joining tunnel segment blocks.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in tunnel construction, a segment made of steel, reinforced concrete or the like is joined in a cylindrical shape to form a lining. FIG. 6 shows an outline of the assembly.
[0003]
Reference numeral 31 denotes a segment, which is adjacent in the circumferential direction and is joined to the joining surface 31 a of the existing segment 31 from the direction of the arrow and extended in the joining direction to form a segment ring 30.
[0004]
In such a joining method on the joining surface 31a, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a method of fastening the joining surfaces with bolts and nuts, a hole is provided in the joining surface, and a pin member is fitted. There was a method of fixing by adhesion. Further, as described in Patent Document 2, there is a system in which a triangular pyramid-shaped guide pin is closely fitted into a triangular pyramid-shaped hole and fitted.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-238789 (page 2-4, FIGS. 1-4, FIG. 9)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-10-169380 (page 2-4, FIG. 1-2)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these conventional joint structures have the following problems.
In the bolt and nut fastening described in Patent Document 1, fastening is performed from the inside of the tunnel in a state where the segments are opposed to each other.
In addition, the methods using the pin members described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require high positional accuracy between the pin member and the fitting hole in order to fit the pin member in close contact with each other. As a result, the production cost of the segments is high, and there is a problem that the workability is poor because it takes time to align the positions during the joining operation. In addition, since the pin member is fixed when fitted to one segment, there is a problem that when the other segment is pushed in, the position is slightly shifted and the other segments are damaged.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a joint structure in which joining workability is improved and manufacturing at low cost is possible.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the male mold is provided between members to be joined, each of which has a receiving hole having a bottom on each joint surface, and a male joint is fixed to the center of the bottom of the receiving hole. A joint structure in which a female joint that can be locked to a joint is joined via joint units provided on both sides, wherein the joint unit is attached to both ends of a cylindrical housing that is open at both ends. A configuration that is detachably engaged is used.
Therefore, there is no need for separate parts for fixing and pressing, and the number of parts can be reduced accordingly.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the joint structure according to the first aspect, a configuration is used in which the female joint is engaged with the cylindrical housing by a screw.
Therefore, it can be assembled easily and high-engagement engagement can be performed.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the joint structure according to the first or second aspect, the male joint has a configuration in which an engagement protrusion having a taper on the distal end side is provided at the distal end of the shaft-like member. The female joint includes a plurality of claw-shaped members extending obliquely from the inner peripheral surface on the end side of the cylindrical housing toward the center on the back side of the cylindrical housing, A structure in which the member is an elastic flexible body is used.
Therefore, it can engage only by pushing a male coupling into the opening of a coupling unit. Further, even after the engagement, the claw-like member extending obliquely to the central portion is elastically pressed by the engagement protrusion and the shaft-like member, so that the engagement is reliably maintained even if a pulling force is generated.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected the same or equivalent member through all the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view in the thickness direction of a segment showing an embodiment of a joint structure according to the present invention.
[0012]
The joint surfaces 1a and 1a of the segments 1 and 1 (members to be joined) are provided with receiving holes 1b and 1b that are recessed inwardly at positions facing each other. A male joint 3 is fixed in the normal direction of the surface 1a. In this example, the segments 1 and 1 are made of reinforced concrete, and the reinforcing bars 6 are embedded avoiding the receiving holes 1b.
[0013]
The male joint 3 is made of, for example, a metal rod-shaped member such as mild steel that has a large tensile strength and can be configured with a relatively small cross-sectional area, and a retaining protrusion 3c... On the outer periphery of the tip portion protruding inside 1b, a taper 3b is provided on the joining surface 1a side, and an end surface parallel to the joining surface 1a is provided on the opposite side, and the engaging protrusion projecting in the outer circumferential direction. 3a is provided.
[0014]
Each segment 1, 1 is engaged by a joint unit 2 provided at both ends with a female joint 4 which can be locked to the engagement protrusion 3 a of the male joint 3 from the side opposite to the taper 3 b.
[0015]
Next, the details of the joint unit 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The joint unit 2 is obtained by directly attaching a female joint 4 from both ends to a housing 2a (cylindrical housing) having openings at both ends.
[0016]
First, the configuration of the housing 2a will be described with reference to FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the housing 2a, and FIG. 2B is a partial cross-sectional view showing a side surface thereof.
As shown in FIG. 2B, the housing 2a is provided with a disk-like plate-like portion 2b at the center thereof, and a cylindrical portion 2c is extended from both ends of the housing 2a in the vertical direction. On the outer side of the cylindrical portion 2c, there are provided thin plate-like fins 2e... Extending in the circumferential direction at appropriate intervals in the axial direction. The enveloping surface that connects the tips of the fins 2e has a truncated cone shape that is slightly larger than the inner surface of the receiving hole 1b. Between the fins 2e, ribs 2f continuous in the axial direction are provided. The tips of the ribs 2f are slightly smaller than the inner surface of the receiving hole 1b, and the spacing between the ribs 2f is such that the fins 2e are bent in the axial direction and do not hinder proper elasticity. It is dawned. The ribs 2f ... and the fins 2e ... constitute insertion parts 2d, 2d by their tips and their enveloping surfaces.
[0017]
Inside the cylindrical portion 2c, female screw portions 2g for fixing the female joint 4 with screws are provided at both ends thereof, and a space for accommodating the female joint 4 is formed on the inner side.
[0018]
In addition, the magnitude | size of the plate-shaped part 2b is set as the magnitude | size which straddles the joint surface 1a of each segment 1, and adjoins the opening diameter in the joint surface 1a of the receiving hole 1b. The length of the cylindrical portion 2c is slightly shorter than twice the depth of the receiving hole 1b. Moreover, the inside of the cylindrical part 2c should just be a shape which avoids the female joint 4, and in order to raise the compressive strength of the cylindrical part 2c, thickening and rib reinforcement may be performed suitably, and it makes a cylindrical shape correctly. There is no need.
[0019]
Next, the configuration of the female joint 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 3A is a left side view of the female joint 4, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. 3C is a right side view. The female joint 4 is roughly divided into a male screw ring portion 4b provided with a male screw that can be screwed into the female screw portion 2g of the housing 2a, and an end surface thereof obliquely from the inner peripheral surface of the ring toward the center of the ring. The locking claw portions 4a... Are projected, and the locking claw portions 4a... And the male screw ring portion 4b are elastically connected between the ring inner peripheral surface of the male screw ring portion 4b by the hinge portion 4g. For this reason, the locking claw portions 4a... Have a circular diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the male joint 3 when the arcuate surface 4c formed on the inner peripheral side of the distal end thereof is in a single state where the joint is not engaged. It is configured to be aligned in a state where the locking planes 4d are aligned in the ring axis direction at the tip thereof.
[0020]
The locking claw portion 4a is designed, for example, in terms of thickness and the like so as to have a strength that does not buckle even when a predetermined load is applied in the ring axis direction from the locking plane 4d. In order to satisfy a predetermined buckling strength with as little material as possible, it is preferable to set the inclination angle of the locking claw portion 4a with respect to the ring axis direction to be shallow.
[0021]
The internal diameter of the male thread ring portion 4b is such that the engagement protrusion 3a of the male joint 3 can penetrate, and the total length of the female joint 4 in the ring axial direction is a male joint 3 fixed to the receiving hole 1b. Is slightly shorter than the axial length from the bottom to the engaging ridge 3a.
[0022]
The hinge part 4g has a cross section as shown in FIG. 4, for example, can be bent toward the center part side, and has appropriate elasticity. Therefore, as shown by the arrow in the figure, the locking claw portion 4a is flexible in the ring shaft radial direction, and is configured to urge an elastic restoring force in the opposite direction to the bending direction.
[0023]
In addition, although the example comprised by four latching claw parts 4a was shown in the figure as an example, it is not restricted to four. If it is more, the width of the hinge portion 4g becomes narrower and more linear, so it becomes easier to give elasticity.
[0024]
In the drawing, the locking claws 4a are drawn so as to be aligned with a relatively narrow gap, but it goes without saying that a larger gap may be provided as long as the joint strength is maintained.
[0025]
In the above configuration, the housing 2a and the female joint 4 can be made of a single material such as engineering plastic or super engineering plastic, alloy, or synthetic resin containing reinforcing fibers. Any of these materials may be used according to the required strength, and the materials used for each member may be different from each other. For example, the housing 2a is made of a reinforced resin mixed with a reinforcing filler such as glass fiber or carbon fiber so as to have high strength, and the female joint 4 is a non-reinforced resin or low-reinforced resin material so as to have flexibility and elasticity. Depending on the material, the material may be properly used.
[0026]
Further, according to such a configuration, since the female joint 4 that requires a complicated structure such as a claw-like member is separated from the housing 2a, there is an advantage that the mold can be easily manufactured.
[0027]
In the above configuration, the screw pitch, the effective screw length, and the like are set so that the screw portions of the female screw portion 2g and the male screw ring portion 4b satisfy a predetermined screwing strength according to the respective material constants. Needless to say. Further, when the engagement is performed with screws in this way, there is an advantage that not only the assembly is facilitated but also the design change of the strength condition can be easily handled.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the joint structure according to the present invention will be described. First, the process in which the joints are engaged and the segments 1 are joined together will be described. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the state in which the joint unit 2 is engaged with one segment 1 in order.
[0029]
The engagement between the joint unit 2 and the male joint 3 is automatically performed only by pushing the joint unit 2 in the axial direction of the male joint 3. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the joint unit 2 is pushed in at a position where it can be received in the receiving hole 1b. Since the insertion portion 2d has a shape slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the receiving hole 1b, the insertion portion 2d is guided in the direction along the receiving hole 1b as it is pushed in even if it is displaced from the center. Returned to When pushed in to some extent, the taper 3b at the tip of the engaging protrusion 3a penetrates into the inner peripheral portion of the male thread ring portion 4b (FIG. 5B).
[0030]
When the joint unit 2 is further pushed in, the engaging protrusion 3a pushes the locking claw portions 4a ... outward (FIG. 5 (c)). When the engaging protrusion 3a protrudes from the locking claw 4a ..., the elastic restoring force of the locking claw 4a ... works and the locking claw 4a ... tries to return to its original state, The tip of the locking claw 4a... Is bitten into the base of the protrusion 3a and is elastically engaged (FIG. 5 (d)). That is, the engagement flat surface 4d (FIG. 3) and the engaging protrusion 3a are abutted in the pulling direction of the joint unit 2, so that the arc surface 4c ( 3), the elastic restoring force is applied to the shaft portion of the male joint 3, whereby the movement in that direction is restricted.
[0031]
There is a gap between the locking claw portion 4a and the male screw ring portion 4b in a single state (FIG. 3 (b), FIG. 4). When the compressive force is applied in the axial direction, the hinge portion 4g is bent and elastically deformed toward the ring center, the gap is filled, and the locking claw portion 4a and the male thread ring portion 4b are brought into contact with each other, and the compressive force is transmitted. It is. Therefore, the hinge part 4g does not need to bear a compressive force.
[0032]
In this case, since the male thread ring portion 4b has an inner diameter that allows at least the engagement protrusion 3a to pass therethrough, there is room for space after passing through the engagement protrusion 3a. Therefore, the hinge portion 4g is provided on the inner periphery of the ring. Bending toward the part saves space and is very convenient.
[0033]
In the state shown in FIG. 5D, the fins 2e... Slightly protruding from the insertion portion 2d abut against the receiving holes 1b and are elastically deformed in the direction opposite to the pushing direction. Therefore, the joint unit 2 is supported floatingly with respect to the receiving hole 1b via the fins 2e. That is, the joint unit 2 can move within the gap between the insertion portion 2d and the receiving hole 1b when an external force that resists the elastic force of the fins 2e is applied, and returns to its original state when the external force disappears. It is supported.
[0034]
Next, since the joint unit 2 is engaged with one segment 1 in this way and the female joint 4 is formed on the joint surface 1a, the other one provided with the male joint 3 in the receiving hole 1b. When the segments 1 are engaged with each other, the joining of the segments 1 is completed. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the state of the joining.
[0035]
In the process of engaging the joints, the other segment having the male joint 3 is pushed in depending on whether the one segment 1 is the already fixed side or the side to be joined. The relative operation is exactly the same as described above, with the only difference being 1 or one segment 1 from which the female joint 4 protrudes.
[0036]
In any case, unlike the case where the joint unit 2 is pushed into the segment 1 alone, the position of the receiving hole 1b or the male joint 3 is difficult to confirm because the segment 1 itself is pushed in. However, according to the present invention, if the end of the joint unit 2 is pushed in at a position where it enters the receiving hole 1b, then it can be guided along the receiving hole 1b or the male joint 3 and automatically engaged. Therefore, reliable joining can be performed very easily (FIG. 6).
[0037]
At that time, since the joint unit 2 already engaged with the one segment 1 is supported in a floating manner with respect to the receiving hole 1b, the joint unit 2 having a large positional deviation can escape in the direction of receiving an external force. Therefore, it can be smoothly engaged without being pushed and resisted.
[0038]
Next, the operation after the completion of joining will be described with reference to FIG.
The joint unit 2 according to the present invention is embedded in a segment 1 that can be regarded as a rigid body. Therefore, the external force that the joint unit 2 receives from the segment 1 is mainly the shearing force in the joining surface direction that is generated when the segments 1 are displaced within the joining surface 1a, and when the segments 1 and 1 are about to separate. It can be divided into the resulting tensile force.
[0039]
First, the shearing force can be mainly carried by providing a plate-like portion 2b straddling each segment 1 in the vicinity of the joint surface 1a. Since the plate-like portion 2b has a size close to the opening diameter at the joint surface 1a of the receiving hole 1b, the plate-like portion 2b can effectively resist the shearing force.
[0040]
Further, the tensile force is transmitted to the cylindrical portion 2c via the engaging protrusion 3a and the locking claw portion 4a. Since the inclination of the locking claw portion 4b is relatively shallow with respect to the male joint 3, it is possible to suppress elastic deformation due to the compressive force applied to the locking claw portion 4a. Furthermore, since the hinge part 4g is provided in order to make the latching claw part 4a an elastic flexible body, the latching claw part 4a can be thickened to carry a compressive force. Therefore, there exists an advantage which can bear the big compressive force accompanying extraction.
[0041]
Further, by providing the cylindrical portion 2c so as to surround the male joint 3, it is possible to obtain a relatively large cross-sectional area for receiving a load.
[0042]
In the present invention, as described above, by devising the configuration, it is possible to efficiently arrange the members for the main load components. For this reason, the amount of material used can be reduced, and in particular, there is an advantage that it can be formed into a shape convenient for manufacturing by resin molding.
[0043]
Further, since the plate-like portion 2b is a disk having a size close to the inner surface of the receiving hole 1b, the plate-like portion 2b contacts the receiving hole 1b when an external force is applied to cause the joining surface to shift. Further, there is an advantage that further displacement can be prevented unless the plate-like portion 2b is destroyed.
[0044]
In the above description, since the locking claw portion 4a is an elastic flexible body, the example in which the hinge portion 4g is provided between the locking claw portion 4a and the male screw ring portion 4b has been described. The hinge portion 4g may not be provided by appropriately selecting the material and shape of 4a. For example, the base of the latching claw portion 4a may be narrowed to be easily bent, or the whole latching claw portion 4a is made to have an appropriate thickness so that the entire latching claw portion 4a forms an elastic flexible body. You may form in.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, there is no need for separate parts for fixing and pressing, the number of parts can be reduced, and a low-cost joint unit can be provided. Play.
[0046]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the cylindrical housing and the female joint are engaged by screwing, it can be easily assembled and high-strength engagement can be performed. There is an effect that a unit can be provided.
[0047]
In the invention according to the third aspect, since the male joint can be engaged only by being pushed into the opening of the joint unit, the workability of the joining work is improved.
Further, even after the engagement, the claw-like member extending obliquely to the central portion is elastically pressed by the engagement protrusion and the shaft-like member, so that the engagement is reliably maintained even if a pulling force is generated. There is an effect.
As a result, there is an effect that it is suitable for automatic assembly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of a segment, showing an embodiment of a joint structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cylindrical housing according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a left side view, an axial sectional view, and a right side view showing an example of a female joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an example of a hinge part of a female joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a joint unit according to the present invention is engaged with a segment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of joining of segments according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing how segments are assembled.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 segment (members to be joined)
1a Joint surface 1b Receiving hole 2 Joint unit 2a Housing (tubular housing)
2b Plate-like part 2c Cylindrical part 2d Insertion part 2e Fin 2f Rib 2g Female thread part 3 Male joint 3a Engagement protrusion 3b Taper 3c Retaining protrusion 4 Female joint 4a Locking claw part (claw-like member)
4b Male thread ring part 4c Arc surface 4d Locking plane 4g Hinge part

Claims (3)

A female which can be locked to the male joint between members to be joined, each having a receiving hole having a bottom portion on each joint surface, and a male joint fixed to the center of the bottom of the receiving hole. A joint structure in which mold joints are joined via joint units provided on both sides,
The joint unit is
A joint structure in which the female joint is detachably engaged with both ends of a cylindrical housing having both ends opened. In the joint structure according to claim 1,
A joint structure characterized in that the female joint is engaged with the cylindrical housing by a screw. In the joint structure according to claim 1 or 2,
The male joint has a configuration in which an engagement protrusion having a taper on the distal end side is provided at the distal end of the shaft-shaped member,
The female joint is provided with a plurality of claw-like members extending obliquely from the inner peripheral surface on the end side of the cylindrical housing toward the center on the back side of the cylindrical housing,
A joint structure, wherein the claw-like member is configured as an elastic flexible body.

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