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JP3811083B2 - Brush seal and gas turbine - Google Patents
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JP3811083B2 - Brush seal and gas turbine - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3811083B2
JP3811083B2 JP2002063284A JP2002063284A JP3811083B2 JP 3811083 B2 JP3811083 B2 JP 3811083B2 JP 2002063284 A JP2002063284 A JP 2002063284A JP 2002063284 A JP2002063284 A JP 2002063284A JP 3811083 B2 JP3811083 B2 JP 3811083B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wire
brush seal
rotating body
wires
tip
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002063284A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003262279A (en
Inventor
陵 秋山
和彦 川池
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3284Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
    • F16J15/3288Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ブラシシール及びガスタービンに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
蒸気タービンやガスタービンなどの回転機械では、高圧側空間から低圧側空間に作動流体が漏出しないように回転体と静止体との隙間をシールするシール機構を必要とする。シール機構として、例えば、特開2002−13647号公報、特開2001−50396号公報、特開平11−223265号公報、特開平9−119526号公報に記載のようなブラシシール等を設ける技術がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のブラシシールには、高圧側空間から低圧側空間へ漏れる作動流体の流れや回転体の回転の影響によるワイヤの周辺における作動流体の流れによってワイヤには振動が発生する。その結果、ワイヤ先端と回転体の表面が接触している方式の場合には、振動によってワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間に大きなこすれが生じる。
【0004】
このため、ワイヤ先端或いは回転体の表面が急速に磨耗してワイヤと回転体の表面との間に隙間ができ、吹き抜けの状態が生じシール機能が損なわれ長期間にわたるシール性能の確保が困難となる問題や、ワイヤの振動現象によりワイヤとワイヤの間の間隙が変動する。
【0005】
この間隙からの作動流体の漏れ量が増大してシール性能が低下する問題や、高圧側空間から低圧側空間に流れる作動流体によってワイヤが周方向にばらけて、その隙間から作動流体が流れ、シール性能が低下する課題がある。
【0006】
本発明はこのような点に鑑み、ワイヤの振動現象を抑制することによって、ワイヤ先端又は回転体が急速に磨耗して、ワイヤ先端と回転体表面との間に隙間が生じて吹き抜け状態が発生することを防止すると共に、ワイヤとワイヤが周方向にばらける現象も抑制することによって、長期間に渡って高いシール性能を確保することが可能なブラシシールを得ることを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のブラシシールは、内周縁がワイヤ先端の内径より大きな径を有する環状のワイヤ前板と、内周縁がワイヤ先端の内径より大きな径を有し且つその内周縁が前記ワイヤ前板の内周縁より小さな径を有する環状のワイヤ背板とを備え、各々がワイヤ先端に自由端を有する複数のワイヤの束を、前記ワイヤ前板と前記ワイヤ背板の間に、回転体に向かって伸びるように周方向に配設したブラシシールであって、複数のワイヤを任意の自由度をもって拘束したことを特徴とする。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
まず、蒸気タービンやガスタービンなどの回転機械に使用されるブラシシールの一例について図5〜図7を用い説明する。図5において、101は機械の回転中心軸であり、矢印102は作動流体の流れである。ここで、103は高圧側空間であり、104は低圧側空間である。ブラシシール105は、高圧側空間103から低圧側空間104に作動流体が漏出しないように回転体106と静止体107との隙間をシールするものである。
【0009】
次に、図6にブラシシールの拡大図を示す。ブラシシールは、ワイヤ前板111とワイヤ背板112、及びワイヤ113からなる。ワイヤ113の素材としては、比較的細い金属製ワイヤ或いは樹脂系材料などが考えられる。前記ワイヤ113を束にして回転体106の周方向に環状に配置し、ワイヤ113の先端が、回転体106の外周面に接触するか、或いは極めてごく狭い隙間をもつように取付けている。
【0010】
ブラシシールには、機械の高圧側空間103から流れてくる高圧の作動流体が作用するため、ワイヤ113の前後での差圧が大きい。従って、ワイヤ113は、高圧側空間103から低圧側空間104に向かって倒れるように変形しようとする。ワイヤ113の先端と回転体106の外周面との間の隙間が大きくなると、吹き抜けの状態になってシール機能が損なわれる為、ワイヤ113には、ある程度の剛性が付与されていると共に、低圧側空間104に設けたワイヤ背板112により支えることでワイヤ113の変形を防止している。
【0011】
また、図7にブラシシールの正面図を示す。本図は、ブラシシールを図5における高圧側空間103より見たものである。113はワイヤ、111はワイヤ前板である。106は回転体であり、矢印115は回転体の回転方向である。通常、ワイヤ113はロータ回転方向に45°程度傾斜するようにブラシシールに取付けられている。
【0012】
高圧側空間の作動流体102は、ワイヤ113の束の間を通り抜けようとするが、ワイヤ113の密度は、非常に密になっているので、作動流体とワイヤ113との間には摩擦抵抗が発生し、流体の機外側への漏出を防止することができ、効率の良いシールを提供可能となっている。
【0013】
図5〜図7に示すブラシシールでは、高圧側空間から低圧側空間へ漏れる作動流体の流れや回転体の回転の影響によるワイヤの周辺における作動流体の流れによってワイヤには振動が発生する。その結果、ワイヤ先端と回転体の表面が接触している方式の場合には、振動によってワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間に大きなこすれが生じて、ワイヤ先端或いは回転体の表面が急速に磨耗してワイヤと回転体の表面との間に隙間ができる。
【0014】
この間隙により、吹き抜けの状態が生じシール機能が損なわれ長期間にわたるシール性能の確保が困難となる問題や、ワイヤの振動現象によりワイヤとワイヤの間の間隙が変動することによって、この間隙からの作動流体の漏れ量が増大してシール性能が低下する問題や、高圧側空間から低圧側空間に流れる作動流体によってワイヤが周方向にばらけて、その隙間から作動流体が流れ、シール性能が低下する課題がある。
【0015】
この課題を解決するブラシシールとして、図1に示すブラシシールが考えられる。図1は、本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールを示す。
【0016】
1は回転体、2は回転体の回転中心線、3は静止体である。4は高圧側空間、5は低圧側空間である。6はその内周側に自由端を有する多数本のワイヤ、7はワイヤ6より高圧側に位置するワイヤ前板、8はワイヤ6より低圧側に位置するワイヤ背板である。ワイヤ6の素材としては、比較的細い金属製ワイヤあるいは樹脂系材料などが考えられる。
【0017】
前記ワイヤ6は、多数本を束にして層状に緻密に配設して回転体1の周方向に環状に配置され、ワイヤ6の先端(ワイヤの回転体側端面)が、回転体1の外周面に接触するか、或いは極めてごく狭い隙間をもつように取付けられる。9はワイヤ背板の内周縁であり、10はワイヤ前板7の内周縁である。ワイヤ背板9の内周縁9の径はワイヤ6における束の先端の内径より大きく、且つワイヤ前板10の内周縁10の径よりも小さい。ここで、ブラシシールは静止体3の溝に固定されている。
【0018】
作動流体は、高圧側空間4から低圧側空間5に向かって、矢印11の方向に流れる。ブラシシールはこの作動流体の流れをシールすることが目的であり、高圧側空間4から低圧側空間5にながれる作動流体の流れが小さいほどブラシシールのシール性能が高いと言える。
【0019】
本発明の実施の形態におけるブラシシールでは、ワイヤ6とワイヤ6の間に粘弾性体21(図1における左下向き斜線部)が封入されている。ここで粘弾性体とは、外力に対する変形が弾性的変形と粘性的変形の重なりとして現れる物質である。粘弾性体の材質としては、合成ゴム材やシリコン材などが挙げられる。
【0020】
図2は本発明におけるブラシシールを高圧側空間4から見た正面図である。ワイヤ6は細いため容易に弾性変形して、その結果ワイヤの束の先端も容易に変形する。この為、ブラシシールのワイヤ先端は、回転体1の軸振動や芯ずれによるなどによる半径方向の変動に追従して、ワイヤ6や回転体1を損傷することなく、常に回転体6とワイヤ1の先端との隙間を小さく(又は皆無に)することができる。
【0021】
本発明の実施の形態におけるブラシシールのワイヤ6は、回転体の回転方向に約45°程度傾斜して取付けられているが、本発明の実施の形態ではこれに制限されない。ワイヤ6とワイヤ6の間には粘弾性体21が周方向全域に渡って封入されている。
【0022】
従って、本発明の実施の形態におけるブラシシールでは、ワイヤ6とワイヤ6がその間に封入された粘弾性体21によって拘束されている(ここで21は粘弾性体であるため、ワイヤとワイヤは剛には拘束されておらず、ワイヤ1本1本がある程度自由に動ける自由度をもって拘束されている。)。この任意の自由度を備えた拘束部材によって、ワイヤ6が自由に動ける自由度が制限されてワイヤ周辺における作動流体の流れによるワイヤ6の振動現象を抑制することができる。
【0023】
又、粘弾性体は一般に大きな減衰を有するため、この減衰効果による振動現象の抑制も期待できる。ワイヤの振動現象を抑制することによって、ワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間のこすれを抑制することができ、ワイヤ先端或いは回転体表面の急速な磨耗を抑制してワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間に隙間ができることを抑制でき、その結果、シール性能を向上させることができる。
【0024】
又、ワイヤ6とワイヤ6がその間に封入された粘弾性体21によって拘束されているため、ワイヤが周方向にばらけにくく、ワイヤとワイヤがばらけた隙間からの作動流体の漏れを抑制することができ、その結果シール性能を向上させることができる。
【0025】
本発明の実施の形態における図においては、粘弾性体21が封入される半径位置は、ワイヤ前板の内周縁10の径より低く、ワイヤ背板9の内周縁の径より大きくなっているが、封入位置がワイヤ6のどの半径位置となっても、ワイヤ6とワイヤ6間に粘弾性体21が封入されていれば、上記に述べたシール性能の向上効果が得られることが容易に想像される。この為、粘弾性体21が封入される半径位置は、本図における位置に制限されるものではない。
【0026】
しかし、十分な制振効果及びワイヤ6のばらけを防止する効果を得る為、又ワイヤ6がばらけようとする力によって粘弾性体21が破断しない為、粘弾性体21の封入範囲は、ワイヤ長さの少なくとも10%以上とすることが望ましい。
【0027】
又、粘弾性体21の封入位置がワイヤ先端まで及ぶと、ワイヤ6の束の弾性変形が拘束されて、回転体の軸振動や芯ずれによる半径方向の動きに対する追従性が失われる為、封入位置をワイヤ背板の内周縁の径より高い位置とすることが望ましい。
【0028】
図3に、本発明における別の実施の形態であるブラシシールを示す。本図における発明の実施の形態では、図1における発明のブラシシールにおけるワイヤ前板7の内周側に、その外周がワイヤ前板7の内周縁10に隣接し、且つその内径がワイヤ6の先端の内径よりも大きい環状の制動板31を、ワイヤ前板側に位置するワイヤ6に隣接するように設けている。ここでワイヤ6とワイヤ6の間には、図1と同様に粘弾性体21が封入されている。この為、制動板31はワイヤ前板側のワイヤ6とワイヤの間に封入されている粘弾性体21に隣接していることもある。この束及びワイヤ6とワイヤの間の粘弾性体21を所定の面圧にて押さえるように取付けられている。
【0029】
本図における制動板31の外径は、ワイヤ前板7の内周縁10の内径と同じとなっているが、締り嵌めにて制動板31をワイヤ前板7の内周に嵌め込むときは、組み立て前の制動板31の外径はワイヤ前板7の内周縁10の内径より大きくなっていることもある。
【0030】
図4は本発明におけるブラシシールを高圧側空間4から見た正面図である。ワイヤ6は細いため容易に弾性変形して、その結果、ワイヤ6の束の先端も容易に変形する。この為、ブラシシールのワイヤ先端は、回転体1の軸振動や芯ずれによるなどによる半径方向の変動に追従して、ワイヤ6や回転体1を損傷することなく、常に回転体1とワイヤ6の先端との隙間を小さく(又は皆無に)することができる。
【0031】
本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールのワイヤ6は、回転体1の回転方向に約45°程度傾斜して取付けられているが、本発明はこれに制限されない。ワイヤ6とワイヤの間には粘弾性体21が周方向全域に渡って封入されおり、更にワイヤ前板の内周には制動板31が設けられている。
【0032】
また、本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールでは、制動板31によってワイヤ6の束及びワイヤとワイヤの間に封入されている粘弾性体21が所定の面圧にて押さえられている。この為、粘弾性体21によるワイヤの拘束力が強まる為、図1において説明した実施例よりも更にワイヤ6が周方向にばらけにくく、ワイヤとワイヤがばらけた隙間からの作動流体の漏れを抑制することができ、その結果、シール性能を更に向上させることができる。
【0033】
本発明の実施の形態における図においては、粘弾性体21が封入される半径位置は、ワイヤ前板7の内周縁10の径より低く、ワイヤ背板の内周縁9の径より大きくなっているが、封入位置がワイヤのどの半径位置となっても、ワイヤとワイヤの間に粘弾性体が封入されていれば、上記に述べたシール性能の向上効果が得られることが容易に想像される。この為、粘弾性体21が封入される半径位置は、本図における位置に制限されるものではない。
【0034】
しかし、十分な制振効果及びワイヤのばらけを防止する効果を得る為、又ワイヤがばらけようとする力によって粘弾性体21が破断しない為、粘弾性体21の封入範囲は、ワイヤ長さの少なくとも10%以上とすることが望ましい。
【0035】
又、粘弾性体21の封入位置がワイヤ先端まで及ぶと、ワイヤの束の弾性変形が拘束されて、回転体の軸振動や芯ずれによる半径方向の動きに対する追従性が失われる為、封入位置をワイヤ背板の内周縁の径より高い位置とすることが望ましい。
【0036】
以上のように、本発明の実施の形態によって提供されるブラシシールには、ワイヤとワイヤの間に粘弾性体が封入されているため、ワイヤとワイヤが粘弾性体によって拘束され、ワイヤが自由に動ける自由度が制限されてワイヤ周辺の作動流体の流れによるワイヤの振動現象を抑制することができる。
【0037】
又、粘弾性体は一般に大きな減衰を有するため、この減衰効果によってワイヤの振動現象が抑制される。ワイヤの振動現象を抑制することによって、ワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間のこすれを抑制することができ、ワイヤ先端或いは回転体表面の急速な磨耗を抑制してワイヤ先端と回転体表面の間に隙間ができることを抑制でき、その結果シール性能を向上させることができる。
【0038】
又、ワイヤとワイヤが粘弾性体によって拘束されているため、ワイヤが周方向にばらけにくく、ワイヤとワイヤがばらけた隙間からの作動流体の漏れを抑制することができ、その結果シール性能を向上させることができる。
【0039】
更に別の形態におけるブラシシールでは、制動板によってワイヤの束及び前記ワイヤとワイヤの間に封入されている粘弾性体が所定の面圧にて押さえられている為、粘弾性体によるワイヤとワイヤの拘束力が強まる為、更にワイヤが周方向にばらけにくくなり、ワイヤとワイヤがばらけた隙間からの作動流体の漏れを抑制することができ、その結果シール性能を更に向上させることができる。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
本発明によると、ワイヤの振動現象を抑制することによって、ワイヤ先端又は回転体が急速に磨耗して、ワイヤ先端と回転体表面との間に隙間が生じて吹き抜け状態が発生することを防止すると共に、ワイヤとワイヤが周方向にばらける現象も抑制することによって、長期間に渡って高いシール性能を確保することが可能なブラシシールを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールを示す断面図。
【図2】本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールの正面図。
【図3】本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールを示す断面図。
【図4】本発明の実施の形態であるブラシシールの正面図。
【図5】回転機械に使用されるブラシシールの一例を示す断面図。
【図6】図5におけるブラシシールの拡大断面図。
【図7】回転機械に使用されるブラシシールの正面図。
【符号の説明】
1…回転体、3…静止体、6…ワイヤ、7…ワイヤ前板、8…ワイヤ背板、21…粘弾性体、31…制動板、105…ブラシシール。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a brush seal and a gas turbine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A rotary machine such as a steam turbine or a gas turbine requires a seal mechanism that seals the gap between the rotating body and the stationary body so that the working fluid does not leak from the high-pressure side space to the low-pressure side space. As a sealing mechanism, for example, there is a technique of providing a brush seal or the like as described in JP-A-2002-13647, JP-A-2001-50396, JP-A-11-223265, and JP-A-9-119526. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional brush seal, vibration is generated in the wire due to the flow of the working fluid leaking from the high pressure side space to the low pressure side space and the flow of the working fluid around the wire due to the influence of the rotation of the rotating body. As a result, in the case where the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body are in contact with each other, large rubbing occurs between the wire tip and the rotating body surface due to vibration.
[0004]
For this reason, the tip of the wire or the surface of the rotator is rapidly worn, creating a gap between the wire and the surface of the rotator, resulting in a state of blow-out, impairing the sealing function, and ensuring long-term sealing performance is difficult. The gap between the wires fluctuates due to the problems described above and the vibration phenomenon of the wires.
[0005]
There is a problem that the amount of leakage of the working fluid from the gap increases and the sealing performance deteriorates, and the working fluid flowing from the high pressure side space to the low pressure side space is scattered in the circumferential direction, and the working fluid flows from the gap, There is a problem that the sealing performance deteriorates.
[0006]
In view of these points, the present invention suppresses the vibration phenomenon of the wire, so that the tip of the wire or the rotating body is rapidly worn, and a gap is generated between the tip of the wire and the surface of the rotating body to generate a blow-by state. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a brush seal capable of ensuring high sealing performance over a long period of time by preventing the phenomenon and preventing the phenomenon that the wires are scattered in the circumferential direction.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The brush seal of the present invention includes an annular wire front plate having an inner peripheral edge larger than the inner diameter of the wire tip, an inner peripheral edge having a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the wire tip, and the inner peripheral edge of the wire front plate. An annular wire back plate having a smaller diameter than the peripheral edge, and a bundle of a plurality of wires each having a free end at the wire tip extends between the wire front plate and the wire back plate toward the rotating body. A brush seal disposed in a circumferential direction, wherein a plurality of wires are constrained with an arbitrary degree of freedom.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, an example of a brush seal used in a rotary machine such as a steam turbine or a gas turbine will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 5, 101 is a rotation center axis of the machine, and an arrow 102 is a flow of working fluid. Here, 103 is a high-pressure side space, and 104 is a low-pressure side space. The brush seal 105 seals the gap between the rotating body 106 and the stationary body 107 so that the working fluid does not leak from the high pressure side space 103 to the low pressure side space 104.
[0009]
Next, FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the brush seal. The brush seal includes a wire front plate 111, a wire back plate 112, and a wire 113. As a material of the wire 113, a relatively thin metal wire or a resin-based material can be considered. The wires 113 are bundled and arranged in an annular shape in the circumferential direction of the rotating body 106, and the tips of the wires 113 are attached so as to contact the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 106 or have a very narrow gap.
[0010]
Since the high-pressure working fluid flowing from the high-pressure side space 103 of the machine acts on the brush seal, the differential pressure before and after the wire 113 is large. Therefore, the wire 113 tends to be deformed so as to fall from the high-pressure side space 103 toward the low-pressure side space 104. When the gap between the tip of the wire 113 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 106 is increased, the seal function is impaired due to the blow-through state. The wire 113 is prevented from being deformed by being supported by the wire back plate 112 provided in the space 104.
[0011]
FIG. 7 shows a front view of the brush seal. This figure shows the brush seal as seen from the high-pressure side space 103 in FIG. Reference numeral 113 denotes a wire, and 111 denotes a wire front plate. Reference numeral 106 denotes a rotating body, and an arrow 115 indicates the rotation direction of the rotating body. Usually, the wire 113 is attached to the brush seal so as to be inclined by about 45 ° in the rotor rotation direction.
[0012]
The working fluid 102 in the high-pressure side space tends to pass between the bundles of the wires 113, but the density of the wires 113 is so dense that a frictional resistance is generated between the working fluid and the wires 113. The fluid can be prevented from leaking to the outside of the machine, and an efficient seal can be provided.
[0013]
In the brush seal shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, vibration is generated in the wire due to the flow of the working fluid leaking from the high-pressure side space to the low-pressure side space and the flow of the working fluid around the wire due to the rotation of the rotating body. As a result, in the case where the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body are in contact with each other, a large rubbing occurs between the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body due to vibration, and the wire tip or the surface of the rotating body wears rapidly. Thus, a gap is formed between the wire and the surface of the rotating body.
[0014]
Due to this gap, a state of blow-through occurs, the sealing function is impaired, and it is difficult to ensure long-term sealing performance, and the gap between the wires varies due to the vibration phenomenon of the wire. There is a problem that the sealing performance decreases due to an increase in the amount of leakage of the working fluid, and the working fluid flowing from the high-pressure side space to the low-pressure side space causes the wires to circulate in the circumferential direction, causing the working fluid to flow from the gaps and reducing the sealing performance There is a problem to do.
[0015]
As a brush seal for solving this problem, the brush seal shown in FIG. 1 can be considered. FIG. 1 shows a brush seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating body, 2 denotes a rotation center line of the rotating body, and 3 denotes a stationary body. 4 is a high-pressure side space, and 5 is a low-pressure side space. Reference numeral 6 denotes a plurality of wires having free ends on the inner peripheral side thereof, 7 denotes a wire front plate positioned on the high voltage side of the wire 6, and 8 denotes a wire back plate positioned on the low voltage side of the wire 6. As the material of the wire 6, a relatively thin metal wire or a resin material can be considered.
[0017]
The wires 6 are densely arranged in a bundle with a large number of bundles arranged in an annular shape in the circumferential direction of the rotating body 1, and the tip of the wire 6 (the end surface on the rotating body side of the wire) is the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 1. Or is attached so as to have a very narrow gap. Reference numeral 9 denotes an inner peripheral edge of the wire back plate, and reference numeral 10 denotes an inner peripheral edge of the wire front plate 7. The diameter of the inner peripheral edge 9 of the wire back plate 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the tip of the bundle in the wire 6 and smaller than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate 10. Here, the brush seal is fixed to the groove of the stationary body 3.
[0018]
The working fluid flows in the direction of arrow 11 from the high pressure side space 4 toward the low pressure side space 5. The purpose of the brush seal is to seal the flow of the working fluid, and it can be said that the smaller the flow of the working fluid flowing from the high pressure side space 4 to the low pressure side space 5, the higher the sealing performance of the brush seal.
[0019]
In the brush seal according to the embodiment of the present invention, a viscoelastic body 21 (a left-downward oblique line portion in FIG. 1) is enclosed between the wires 6. Here, the viscoelastic body is a substance in which deformation with respect to external force appears as an overlap of elastic deformation and viscous deformation. Examples of the material of the viscoelastic body include a synthetic rubber material and a silicon material.
[0020]
FIG. 2 is a front view of the brush seal according to the present invention as viewed from the high-pressure side space 4. Since the wire 6 is thin, it is easily elastically deformed, and as a result, the tip of the bundle of wires is also easily deformed. For this reason, the tip of the wire of the brush seal always follows the variation in the radial direction due to axial vibration or misalignment of the rotating body 1, so that the wire 6 and the rotating body 1 are not damaged, and the rotating body 6 and the wire 1 are always damaged. It is possible to reduce (or eliminate) the gap with the tip of the.
[0021]
The wire 6 of the brush seal in the embodiment of the present invention is attached with an inclination of about 45 ° in the rotation direction of the rotating body, but is not limited to this in the embodiment of the present invention. A viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed between the wires 6 over the entire circumferential direction.
[0022]
Therefore, in the brush seal in the embodiment of the present invention, the wire 6 and the wire 6 are restrained by the viscoelastic body 21 enclosed between them (here, since 21 is a viscoelastic body, the wire and the wire are rigid). The wire is restrained with a degree of freedom that each wire can move freely to some extent.) By the restraining member having an arbitrary degree of freedom, the degree of freedom in which the wire 6 can freely move is limited, and the vibration phenomenon of the wire 6 due to the flow of the working fluid around the wire can be suppressed.
[0023]
In addition, since viscoelastic bodies generally have a large damping, it can be expected that the vibration phenomenon is suppressed by this damping effect. By suppressing the vibration phenomenon of the wire, rubbing between the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed, and rapid wear of the wire tip or the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed and the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed. Formation of a gap can be suppressed, and as a result, sealing performance can be improved.
[0024]
Moreover, since the wire 6 and the wire 6 are restrained by the viscoelastic body 21 enclosed between them, the wire is difficult to disperse in the circumferential direction, and the leakage of the working fluid from the gap between the wire and the wire is suppressed. As a result, the sealing performance can be improved.
[0025]
In the figure in the embodiment of the present invention, the radial position where the viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed is lower than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate and larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge of the wire back plate 9. It is easily imagined that the effect of improving the sealing performance described above can be obtained if the viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed between the wires 6 regardless of the radial position of the wire 6. Is done. For this reason, the radial position where the viscoelastic body 21 is sealed is not limited to the position in the figure.
[0026]
However, in order to obtain a sufficient damping effect and an effect of preventing the wire 6 from being scattered, and because the viscoelastic body 21 is not broken by the force that the wire 6 tries to separate, the enclosing range of the viscoelastic body 21 is as follows. Desirably, the wire length is at least 10% or more.
[0027]
Further, when the sealing position of the viscoelastic body 21 reaches the tip of the wire, the elastic deformation of the bundle of wires 6 is constrained, and the followability to the radial movement due to the axial vibration or misalignment of the rotating body is lost. It is desirable that the position be higher than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge of the wire back plate.
[0028]
FIG. 3 shows a brush seal which is another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the invention in this figure, the outer periphery is adjacent to the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate 7 and the inner diameter is the wire 6 of the wire seal in the brush seal of the invention in FIG. An annular braking plate 31 larger than the inner diameter of the tip is provided adjacent to the wire 6 located on the wire front plate side. Here, a viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed between the wires 6 as in FIG. For this reason, the brake plate 31 may be adjacent to the viscoelastic body 21 enclosed between the wire 6 on the wire front plate side and the wire. The bundle and the viscoelastic body 21 between the wire 6 and the wire are attached so as to be pressed with a predetermined surface pressure.
[0029]
The outer diameter of the brake plate 31 in this figure is the same as the inner diameter of the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate 7, but when fitting the brake plate 31 into the inner periphery of the wire front plate 7 by an interference fit, The outer diameter of the brake plate 31 before assembly may be larger than the inner diameter of the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate 7.
[0030]
FIG. 4 is a front view of the brush seal according to the present invention as viewed from the high-pressure side space 4. Since the wire 6 is thin, it is easily elastically deformed. As a result, the tip of the bundle of wires 6 is also easily deformed. For this reason, the wire tip of the brush seal always follows the variation in the radial direction due to the axial vibration or misalignment of the rotator 1 and does not damage the wire 6 or the rotator 1, and always the rotator 1 and the wire 6. It is possible to reduce (or eliminate) the gap with the tip of the.
[0031]
The wire 6 of the brush seal according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached with an inclination of about 45 ° in the rotation direction of the rotating body 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. A viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed between the wires 6 over the entire circumferential direction, and a brake plate 31 is provided on the inner periphery of the wire front plate.
[0032]
In the brush seal according to the embodiment of the present invention, the bundle of wires 6 and the viscoelastic body 21 enclosed between the wires are pressed by the braking plate 31 at a predetermined surface pressure. For this reason, since the binding force of the wire by the viscoelastic body 21 is strengthened, the wire 6 is more difficult to disperse in the circumferential direction than in the embodiment described in FIG. 1, and the working fluid leaks from the gap where the wire and the wire disperse. As a result, the sealing performance can be further improved.
[0033]
In the figure in the embodiment of the present invention, the radial position where the viscoelastic body 21 is enclosed is lower than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge 10 of the wire front plate 7 and larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge 9 of the wire back plate. However, no matter what the radial position of the wire is, if the viscoelastic body is sealed between the wires, it is easily imagined that the effect of improving the sealing performance described above can be obtained. . For this reason, the radial position where the viscoelastic body 21 is sealed is not limited to the position in the figure.
[0034]
However, since the viscoelastic body 21 does not break due to a sufficient damping effect and an effect of preventing the wire from being broken, and the force that the wire tries to break, the enclosing range of the viscoelastic body 21 is the wire length. It is desirable to set it to at least 10% of the thickness.
[0035]
Further, when the sealing position of the viscoelastic body 21 reaches the tip of the wire, the elastic deformation of the bundle of wires is constrained, and the followability to the radial movement due to the axial vibration or misalignment of the rotating body is lost. Is preferably higher than the diameter of the inner peripheral edge of the wire back plate.
[0036]
As described above, in the brush seal provided by the embodiment of the present invention, since the viscoelastic body is enclosed between the wires, the wire and the wire are restrained by the viscoelastic body, and the wire is free. The degree of freedom of movement is limited, and the vibration phenomenon of the wire due to the flow of working fluid around the wire can be suppressed.
[0037]
Further, since the viscoelastic body generally has a large damping, the vibration phenomenon of the wire is suppressed by this damping effect. By suppressing the vibration phenomenon of the wire, rubbing between the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed, and rapid wear of the wire tip or the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed and the wire tip and the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed. The formation of a gap can be suppressed, and as a result, the sealing performance can be improved.
[0038]
In addition, since the wire and the wire are constrained by the viscoelastic body, the wire is not easily scattered in the circumferential direction, and the leakage of the working fluid from the gap between the wire and the wire can be suppressed. Can be improved.
[0039]
In a brush seal according to another embodiment, a bundle of wires and a viscoelastic body sealed between the wires are pressed by a braking plate at a predetermined surface pressure. Therefore, the wire is less likely to scatter in the circumferential direction, and the leakage of the working fluid from the gap between the wire and the wire can be suppressed. As a result, the sealing performance can be further improved.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by suppressing the vibration phenomenon of the wire, the tip of the wire or the rotating body is rapidly worn, and a gap is generated between the tip of the wire and the surface of the rotating body, thereby preventing a blow-through state from occurring. At the same time, by suppressing the phenomenon that the wires are separated in the circumferential direction, it is possible to provide a brush seal that can ensure high sealing performance over a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a brush seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a brush seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a brush seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a brush seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a brush seal used in a rotating machine.
6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the brush seal in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a brush seal used in a rotating machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating body, 3 ... Stationary body, 6 ... Wire, 7 ... Wire front board, 8 ... Wire back board, 21 ... Viscoelastic body, 31 ... Brake board, 105 ... Brush seal.

Claims (1)

内周縁がワイヤ先端の内径より大きな径を有する環状のワイヤ前板と、内周縁がワイヤ先端の内径より大きな径を有し且つその内周縁が前記ワイヤ前板の内周縁より小さな径を有する環状のワイヤ背板とを備え、各々がワイヤ先端に自由端を有する複数のワイヤの束を、前記ワイヤ前板と前記ワイヤ背板の間に、回転体に向かって伸びるように周方向に配設した蒸気タービン又はガスタービンに使用されるブラシシールであって、
前記複数のワイヤ間に粘弾性体が封入されており、前記粘弾性体は、前記ワイヤ背板の内周縁より外周側のワイヤ部分に封入されていることを特徴とするブラシシール。
An annular wire front plate having an inner peripheral edge larger than the inner diameter of the wire front end, and an annular inner wire having an inner peripheral edge larger than the inner diameter of the wire front end and an inner peripheral edge smaller than the inner peripheral edge of the wire front plate. A plurality of wire bundles each having a free end at the tip of the wire, and a steam disposed in the circumferential direction so as to extend toward the rotating body between the wire front plate and the wire back plate. A brush seal used in a turbine or gas turbine,
A brush seal, wherein a viscoelastic body is sealed between the plurality of wires, and the viscoelastic body is sealed in a wire portion on an outer peripheral side from an inner peripheral edge of the wire back plate.
JP2002063284A 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Brush seal and gas turbine Expired - Fee Related JP3811083B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002063284A JP3811083B2 (en) 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Brush seal and gas turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002063284A JP3811083B2 (en) 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Brush seal and gas turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003262279A JP2003262279A (en) 2003-09-19
JP3811083B2 true JP3811083B2 (en) 2006-08-16

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
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