JP3811399B2 - Pile driver support structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a leader support structure for a pile driver that supports a leader in a undulating manner by a backstay cylinder, and more particularly to a leader support structure adapted to a large pile driver with a relatively long leader.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A pile driving machine that performs foundation work such as pile driving has a leader for raising and lowering a working device such as an auger, and the leader is provided so as to be raised and lowered with respect to a base machine. In the case of a small pile driver with a relatively short leader length, the support of the leader that enables such ups and downs is such that one backstay cylinder is pivotally attached to the leader, and the leader is raised during construction by its expansion and contraction operation. , Is configured to fall on transport. On the other hand, in the case of a large pile driver with a relatively long leader, a three-point support system using two backstay cylinders has been adopted in order to ensure stability when standing. Assembly and removal had to be performed during construction and transportation, and workability was poor. Therefore, even in the case of a large pile driver with a relatively long leader, it is desired to have a support structure that supports the leader with a single backstay cylinder.
[0003]
Therefore, a brief description will be given of a leader support structure for supporting a leader by a single backstay cylinder employed in a small pile driver. FIG. 9 is a view showing a front portion of a pile driving machine having such a leader support structure, and FIG. 10 is a view of the leader support structure as viewed from the front. In the pile driving machine 100, brackets 103 and 104 are formed on the upper surface of a front bracket 102 projecting from the front part of a base machine 101, and a leader support frame 105 is pivotally supported by the leader support frame 105 so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction of the machine body. . The leader support frame 105 is pivotally attached to a turning cylinder 106 provided upright on the front bracket 102, and the turning to the left and right can be adjusted by the expansion and contraction operation.
[0004]
The leader support frame 105 is formed with a leader support bracket 107 at the upper front and a cylinder support bracket 108 at the upper rear. A leader 110 is pivotally mounted on the leader support bracket 107 protruding forward, and a backstay cylinder 111 for raising and lowering the leader is mounted on the rear cylinder support bracket 108. It is pivotally attached so that it can rotate in the front-rear direction of 100. The backstay cylinder 111 is thus pivotally attached to the base machine 101 side, while the tip bearing portion of the piston rod is pivotally attached to the middle of the reader 110, and the leader 110 can be raised and lowered by its expansion and contraction operation. Yes.
[0005]
In the pile driving machine 100 having such a leader support structure, at the time of construction, the leader 110 stands up by the extension operation of the backstay cylinder 111 as shown in the figure. For example, when a steel pipe pile is driven perpendicularly to a ground surface with an inclination, the inclination of the leader 110 is adjusted by the hoisting cylinder 111 in the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction is adjusted by the rotating cylinder 106. On the other hand, when the pile driving machine 100 is transported, the leader 110 is tilted backward with the connecting shaft with the leader support bracket 107 as a fulcrum by the contraction operation of the backstay cylinder 111, and is stored substantially horizontally in the upper part of the base machine 101. The
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, as described above, the large pile driver employs a three-point support system as the leader support structure. Instead, the leader support structure of the pile driver 100 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is used. It is possible to divert. This is because the leader can be easily raised and lowered, and the problems of the three-point support method such as the need for assembly can be eliminated. However, the leader support structure as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 could not be simply diverted to a large pile driver.
[0007]
In the large pile driver, the backstay cylinder 111 must be made long in accordance with the length of the leader 110. However, the leader support frame 105 cannot be extended rearward, and therefore, the fulcrum 201 of the leader 110 and the backstay cylinder. This is because the distance from the fulcrum 202 at the lower end of the cylinder 111 is shortened. That is, if the distance between the two fulcrums 201 and 202 is short, the angle formed between the leader 110 and the backstay cylinder 111 also becomes small, the stability of the standing state of the leader 105 becomes worse, and the cylinder that causes the leader 105 to rise and fall. This is because the vertical component force Fy of the thrust F becomes small. Therefore, a three-point support method has been conventionally adopted for large pile driving machines, and a leader support structure in which the leader is raised and lowered by a backstay cylinder has been forgotten.
[0008]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a leader support structure for a pile driving machine that enables the leader to be raised and lowered by a backstay cylinder even in a large pile driving machine.
[0009]
The leader support structure of the pile driving machine according to the present invention pivotally supports the leader so that it can turn in the front-rear direction with respect to the leader support frame that can turn in the left-right direction, and supports the leader so that it can be raised and lowered by the backstay cylinder. The backstay cylinder Is Attached to the main body side frame provided on the pile driver main body behind the leader and the leader support frame by a universal joint. The main body side frame protrudes from the pile driving machine main body, and a support frame provided integrally with the main body side frame is applied to the leader support frame from behind. Or arranged with a slight gap It is characterized by being.
[0010]
Therefore, according to the present invention, by adopting a universal joint in the shaft mounting portion of the backstay cylinder, the backstay cylinder can be tilted back and forth and left and right according to the tilt of the leader, whereby the backstay cylinder can be tilted to the leader support frame. I was able to remove it. Therefore, the distance from the pivot shaft of the leader to the lower end bearing portion of the backstay cylinder can be increased, the stability of the standing state of the leader is improved, and a sufficiently large cylinder thrust for raising and lowering the leader is provided. Since it was possible to obtain a component force, it was possible to provide a structure that allows the leader to be raised and lowered by the backstay cylinder even in a large pile driver.
[0011]
And When the fallen leader is raised by the extension operation of the backstay cylinder, the backward horizontal component of the cylinder thrust acts on the leader support frame via the leader. However, since the leader support frame is supported by the support frame, It is possible to prevent deformation and breakage of the bearing part that is weak to the surface.
[0012]
Further, the leader support structure of the pile driving machine according to the present invention is characterized in that a sliding member having a low friction coefficient is attached to a portion where the support frame and the leader support frame come into contact with each other.
The sliding member is preferably an abrasion resistant resin.
Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the reader is tilted in a state where the support frame is abutted against the leader support frame, the leader support frame that is rotated to the left and right and the fixed support frame are abutted by the sliding member. Can slide and operate smoothly without being twisted.
[0013]
Further, the leader support structure of the pile driving machine according to the present invention is such that the thickness of the sliding member is adjusted in order to reduce the axial backlash of the leader support frame pivotally supported. Alternatively, the shim material is sandwiched between the leader support frame and the support frame.
Therefore, according to the present invention, since the backlash is almost eliminated so that the leader support frame does not move greatly to the front where the impact force acts when the reader is stored, the impact between the tilt bracket and the support bracket is reduced, thereby The impact sound is suppressed and the tilt bracket can be prevented from being damaged.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of a leader support structure for a pile driving machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a part of a pile driving machine provided with a leader support structure of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the pile driving machine excluding the leader. In addition, the pile driver shown here is a large-sized thing with a comparatively long leader length. First, the structure of the pile driving machine will be briefly described. The pile driving machine 1 includes a base machine in which a revolving body 3 capable of turning is provided on a traveling unit 2 provided with a crawler. In the revolving structure 3, a driver's cab 6 and a power unit 7 including a hydraulic pump and the like are arranged on the left and right on a main frame 5, and a leader 8 pivotally supported on the front of the main frame 5 is connected to a backstay cylinder 9 from the rear. Is supported in a undulating manner.
[0015]
The leader 8 is pivotally supported near the lower part at the center position in front of the main frame 5. That is, the lower bracket 8a projecting from the leader 8 is pivotally attached to the leader support frame 11 provided on the main frame 5 side, and this shaft is used as a fulcrum in the front-rear direction (the front-rear direction with respect to the pile driver 1, the same applies hereinafter). It is pivotally attached. Here, FIG. 3 is a side view showing a frame portion of the reader support structure, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof. The leader support frame 11 is constructed by assembling two frame plates 11a and 11b having a shape as shown in FIG. 3 with a predetermined width as shown in FIG.
[0016]
The leader support frame 11 is formed with two sets of tilt brackets 12 and 12 that are disposed on the front and rear sides of the frame plate 11b so as to protrude laterally. The tilt brackets 12 and 12 are fitted to support brackets 31 and 31 (see FIG. 2) projecting from the main frame 5, and are pivotally attached by coaxial rotating shafts 32 and 32, respectively. 11 is rotatable in the left-right direction (the left-right direction with respect to the pile driver 1, the same applies hereinafter) with the rotation shafts 32, 32 as fulcrums.
[0017]
The leader support frame 11 is formed with a cylinder bracket 14 protruding laterally on the opposite frame plate 11b. As shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder bracket 14 holds a rotating cylinder 35 by a holding shaft 33 attached in parallel to the rotating shafts 32, 32, and the tip of the piston rod 35 of the rotating cylinder 35 is the main frame. 5 is pivotally attached to a bracket 36 projecting from 5. Therefore, in this leader support structure, the leader support frame 11 rotates about the rotation shafts 32 and 32 when the rotation cylinder 35 performs expansion / contraction operation while changing its inclination, and the leader support frame 11 is pivoted on the leader support frame 11. The left / right inclination of the worn reader 8 can be adjusted.
[0018]
By the way, in this embodiment, only the reader 8 is pivotally attached to such a reader support frame 11, and the reader 110 and the backstay cylinder 111 are attached to the same reader support frame 105 as in the conventional reader support structure shown in FIG. It is not. In this embodiment, since the leader 8 is long, if the backstay cylinder 9 is attached to the leader support frame 11, the distance between the fulcrums that pivotally support the leader 8 and the backstay cylinder 9 is shortened, so that the stability when the leader stands up is reduced. Inconvenience such as worsening Arise Because.
[0019]
If the conventional structure is adopted and the distance between the fulcrums is to be increased, the leader support frame 105 may be simply enlarged and the leader 8 and the backstay cylinder 9 may be attached to both front and rear ends. However, if the leader support frame 105 is enlarged to the rear of the main frame 5, it interferes with the driver's cab 6 and the power unit 7. On the other hand, if the interference is to be avoided, the main frame 5 is lengthened and the pile driving machine 1 is wasted. It will be bigger. Therefore, in this embodiment, another structure different from the conventional one is proposed.
[0020]
That is, the structure in which the backstay cylinder 9 is removed from the leader support frame 11 in consideration of the necessity of pivoting the backstay cylinder 9 behind the pile driving machine 1 and the difficulty in increasing the size of the leader support frame 11. It has become. The backstay cylinder 9 is disposed at a position where the lower end bearing portion is inserted between the cab 6 and the power portion 7 so that the backstay cylinder 9 is axially attached to the rear side, and in particular, a subframe 15 fixed to the main frame 5 is provided in a protruding manner. And there It is designed to be attached to a shaft. The sub-frame 15 is constructed by assembling substantially triangular frame plates 15a and 15b as shown in FIG. 3 with a narrow width as shown in FIG.
[0021]
Thus, by removing the backstay cylinder 9 from the leader support frame 11, the backstay cylinder 9 can be pivoted more rearward, and the long leader 8 can be supported by the long backstay cylinder 9. It has become possible. However, on the other hand, such a structure has a problem that the backstay cylinder 9 cannot be tilted in the same manner when the leader 8 is tilted to the left and right. That is, the conventional leader support structure attaches the backstay cylinder 111 to the leader support frame 105 as shown in FIG. 9 because the backstay cylinder 111 can be tilted in the same manner when the reader 110 tilts. It is because it is doing.
[0022]
Therefore, when the backstay cylinder 9 is removed from the leader support frame 11, it is necessary to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the bearing portion because the backstay cylinder 9 cannot follow the inclination of the leader 8. One possible solution is to make the subframe 15 pivotable in the same manner as the reader support frame 11. However, this is not an effective measure because the structure is complicated and the cost is increased. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the subframe 15 is fixed to the main frame 5 and is pivotally attached to the backstay cylinder 9 by using the following universal joint.
[0023]
The backstay cylinder 9 has cylinder tube and piston rod bearings at both ends pivotally attached to a bracket (not shown) formed on the subframe 15 and the leader 8, both of which are constituted by joints having the same structure. ing. FIG. 5 shows a first example of a joint, particularly a view showing a lower end side shaft-attached portion of the backstay cylinder 9, wherein FIG. 5 (a) shows a side surface side, and FIG. The back side is shown. Since the joint structure at the tip of the piston rod that is pivotally attached to the reader 8 side is configured in the same manner, description thereof is omitted here.
[0024]
The backstay cylinder 9 has a bearing portion 52 formed at the lower end of the cylinder tube 51, and a spherical bush 55 is fitted in a through hole 53 opened there, and is stopped by a snap ring. Therefore, the spherical shaft 58 is fixed to the subframe 15 through the through hole 53, and the spherical bush 55 fitted in the through hole 53 and the spherical portion 59 of the spherical shaft 58 are fitted together. Therefore, the spherical bush 55 slidably holds the spherical body portion 59 at both ends of the backstay cylinder 9 and can freely tilt in the left-right direction following the reader 8 as well as the front-rear direction. .
[0025]
FIG. 6 shows a second example of the joint, particularly a view showing a lower end side shaft-attached portion of the backstay cylinder 9, wherein FIG. 6 (a) shows the rear side, and FIG. ) Indicates a plane. Since the joint structure at the tip of the piston rod that is pivotally attached to the reader 8 side is configured in the same manner, the description thereof is omitted here.
In the backstay cylinder 9, a through hole 63 is formed at the lower end of the cylinder tube 61, and a bearing portion 62 is formed. On the other hand, rotating shafts 65 and 66 are fixed to the frame plates 15a and 15b on both sides of the subframe 15, respectively, and a rotating frame 67 as shown in FIG. It is pivotally supported so that it can rotate in the direction. The bearing portion 62 is inserted into the rotary frame 67 and is rotatably supported in the left-right direction by a rotary shaft 68 fixed to the rotary frame 67 through the through hole 63. Therefore, the backstay cylinder 9 can be tilted in the front-rear direction via the rotating frame 67 and can be freely tilted in the left-right direction with respect to the rotating frame 67.
[0026]
Therefore, according to the above-described leader support structure according to the present embodiment, the leader 8 is stored in the retracted state and the standing state in which the back stay cylinder 9 extends and retracts around the support shaft with the leader support frame 11 as a fulcrum. And can be changed. For example, when the leader is tilted due to the inclination of the ground in a standing work state, when the rotating cylinder 35 is expanded and contracted, the leader support frame 11 rotates around the rotation shafts 32 and 32 of the tilt brackets 12 and 12 as fulcrums. The left and right inclination of the reader 8 is adjusted by moving. At this time, the backstay cylinder 9 also follows the leader 8 and tilts in the left-right direction by the joint shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. Bearing part No excessive load is applied.
[0027]
Therefore, by removing the backstay cylinder 9 from the leader support frame 11 as described above, the distance between the fulcrum points of the leader 8 and the backstay cylinder 9 can be increased. And it was solved by adopting the universal joint shown in FIG. Therefore, even in the large pile driving machine 1, the leader support structure of the pile driving machine that allows the leader 8 to be raised and lowered by the back stay cylinder 9 can be achieved.
[0028]
However, although the purpose has been achieved by removing the backstay cylinder 9 from the leader support frame 11 in this way, another problem has arisen. That is, when the lying substantially horizontal leader 8 is raised by the extension operation of the backstay cylinder 9, the leader supporting frame 11 may be damaged by the horizontal component force acting on the leader 8. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the forces acting when the reader stands up.
[0029]
As shown in the figure, when the leader 8 lying down almost horizontally is raised by the backstay cylinder 9, the cylinder thrust F acts on the leader 8 by the extension operation of the backstay cylinder 9. The vertical component force Fy of the cylinder thrust F is a force that causes the reader 8 to be raised. In addition to the vertical component force Fy, the cylinder component force F also acts as a horizontal component force Fx. However, since the inclination between the leader 8 and the backstay cylinder 9 is small when standing, the horizontal component force Fy is larger than the vertical component force Fy. The force Fx is much larger, and the leader support bracket 11 is pulled backward by this large horizontal component force Fx.
[0030]
On the other hand, the leader support bracket 11 is only pivotally supported via tilt brackets 12 and 12 as shown in FIG. 3, so that the bearing portion has a structure with low rigidity. Therefore, when the leader support frame 11 is pulled with a strong tensile force Fx, the tilt brackets 12 and 12 may be broken and damaged. Therefore, as a solution, a structure in which a support frame 16 is provided between the leader support frame 11 and the subframe 15 is adopted. The support frame 16 is constructed by assembling two frame plates 16a and 16b having the shape shown in FIG. 3 with the same width as the subframe 15 as shown in FIG. 4, and is fixed to the subframe 15 by welding. ing. Although the subframe 15 and the support frame 16 are separate members here, they may be configured as a single member.
[0031]
The support frame 16 needs to have its front end abutted against the rear end of the leader support frame 11 so as to receive the tensile force Fx. On the other hand, the leader support frame 11 swings to the left and right together with the leader 8, but the support frame 16 is fixed and immovable, so that the abutting portions of both are rubbed. For this reason, sliding members 21 and 22 made of wear-resistant resin are attached to the fittings 23 and 24 at the contact portions between the leader support frame 11 and the support frame 16 so that the leader support frame 11 rotates smoothly. Is attached by.
[0032]
Therefore, when the backstay cylinder 9 is extended from the lying down state and the leader 8 is raised, the leader support frame 11 is pressed against the support frame 16 by the backward horizontal component force Fx acting via the leader 8. In other words, the movement of the leader support frame 11 is limited by the support frame 16 and is supported without being pulled by the horizontal component force Fx. In particular, in this embodiment, the reaction force F ′ (see FIG. 7) acts on the backstay cylinder 9 that has been extended, and the horizontal component force Fx is in the opposite direction and is equal in magnitude to the horizontal component force Fx. .
[0033]
Therefore, the leader support frame 11 supported in the pulling direction is not subjected to an excessive load on the tilt brackets 12 and 12 and can be prevented from being deformed or damaged. Further, when the inclination of the reader 8 is adjusted, the reader support frame 11 rotates in the left-right direction. However, since the support frame 16 is abutted against the support frame 16 via the sliding members 21 and 22, the reader support frame 11 is smooth without being twisted. Can be operated. Therefore, the problem caused by removing the backstay cylinder 9 from the leader support frame 11 can be solved by the support frame 16 and the sliding members 21 and 22.
[0034]
However, the support frame 16 causes a new problem. This is because an impact occurs on the leader support frame 11 due to the reversal of the force acting on the backstay cylinder 9 during storage, and a severe impact sound is generated thereby, and there is a possibility that the leader support frame 11 may be damaged by an impact force pushing it forward. That is. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the forces acting when the reader is stored.
[0035]
When the standing leader 8 falls down due to the contraction operation of the backstay cylinder 9, the leader 8 is stored in a state where it is applied to the cradle 38 and maintained in a substantially horizontal posture at the final stage. Until the leader 8 hits the cradle 38, a force in the extending direction is applied to the backstay cylinder 9 due to the load of the leader 8, but when the leader 8 hits, the leader 8 is applied to the cradle 38 and is applied to the backstay cylinder 9. The force reverses from the stretching direction to the shrinking direction. In particular, when the leader is placed on the cradle 38, a certain amount of momentum is inevitably applied. Therefore, the reversed force N is abruptly applied to the backstay cylinder 9, and a large horizontal component Nx acting forward is further added to the subframe 15 in particular. And the support frame 16 and the reader support frame 11.
[0036]
The leader support frame 11 is pivotally supported by the support brackets 31 and 31 with a backlash that is movable in the axial direction, and when the movable direction is the acting direction of the horizontal component force Nx, the horizontal component force When Nx acts, the leader support frame 11 is pushed forward and moved by a backlash, and the tilt brackets 12 and 12 are applied to the support brackets 31 and 31 vigorously. At this time, a severe impact sound is generated by the collision of the tilt brackets 12 and 12, and the tilt brackets 12 and 12 may be damaged by the impact. Such a situation may occur when the reader 8 jumps on the cradle 38 due to vibration during transportation other than during storage.
[0037]
Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to suppress an impact when the force N is applied to the backstay cylinder 9, the playable movement of the leader support frame 11 is reduced. The leader support frame 11 is attached with a slight gap between the tilt brackets 12 and 12 and the support brackets 31 and 31 and between the leader support frame 11 itself and the support frame 16, so that the play is reduced. It is sufficient if such a gap is narrowed. Therefore, the sliding members 21 and 22 are made thicker by wear-resistant resin or the like interposed between the support frame 16 and the leader support frame 11, or a shim material is separately added to the support frame 16 and the leader support frame 11. Directly between the sliding members 21 or 22 Pinch The gap was adjusted accordingly.
[0038]
Thereby, the play which enables the leader support frame 11 to move can be almost eliminated. Therefore, even when the leader 8 hits the cradle 38, the leader support frame 11 does not move vigorously forward where the horizontal component force Nx acts, and the impact acting on the tilt brackets 12 and 12 is mitigated. In addition, the impact sound is suppressed, and damage to the tilt brackets 12 and 12 can be prevented.
[0039]
Therefore, according to the leader supporting structure of the pile driving machine according to the present embodiment described above, the backstay cylinder 9 is removed from the leader supporting frame 11 and connected by a universal joint. Even with a hitting machine, the backstay cylinder 9 could make the long leader 8 undulate.
Further, problems such as impact sound and breakage caused by such a structure can be solved by taking the above-mentioned means, and a leader support structure in which a long leader is raised and lowered by the backstay cylinder 9 Could have been as good as possible.
[0040]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the thing of the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the previous embodiment, the support frame 16 for supporting the leader support frame 11 on which the horizontal component force Fx acts is configured integrally with the subframe 15, but is provided on the main frame 5 separately from the subframe 15. You may do it.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the backstay cylinder is configured to be pivotally attached to the main body side frame provided in the pile driver main body behind the leader and the leader support frame by a universal joint. The leader support structure of the pile driver that enables the leader to be raised and lowered by the cylinder can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a part of a pile driving machine including a leader support structure according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the pile driving machine including the leader support structure according to the embodiment, excluding the leader.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a frame portion of a reader support structure.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a frame portion of a reader support structure.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a first example of a joint portion of a backstay cylinder.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a second example of the joint portion of the backstay cylinder.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between forces acting when a reader stands up.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship of forces acting when the reader is stored.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a front portion of a pile driving machine having a conventional leader support structure.
FIG. 10 is a view of a conventional leader support structure as viewed from the back of the pile driver.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pile driver
5 Main frame
8 leader
9 Backstay cylinder
11 Leader support frame
15 subframes
16 Support frame
21 Sliding member
55 Spherical bush
58 Spherical axis
67 Rotating frame

Claims (4)

In the leader support structure of a pile driving machine that pivotally supports the reader so that it can rotate in the front-rear direction with respect to the leader support frame that can rotate in the left-right direction,
The backstay cylinder is pivotally attached by a universal joint to the leader and a main body side frame provided in the pile driving machine main body behind the leader support frame ,
The main body side frame protrudes from the pile driver main body, and a support frame provided integrally with the main body side frame is applied to the leader support frame from the rear or slightly. Pile driver supporting structure characterized by being arranged with a large gap . In the leader support structure of the pile driver according to claim 1 ,
The leader support structure of a pile driving machine, wherein the support frame and the leader support frame are each provided with a sliding member having a low coefficient of friction attached to the abutting portion. In the leader support structure of the pile driver according to claim 2 ,
The leader supporting structure of a pile driving machine, wherein the sliding member is a wear-resistant resin. In the leader support structure of the pile driver according to claim 2 or claim 3 ,
The thickness of the sliding member is adjusted in order to reduce the axial play of the leader support frame pivotally supported, or a shim is placed between the leader support frame and the support frame. Pile driver support structure characterized by being sandwiched between two.

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