JP3813177B2 - Method and apparatus for simultaneously drilling and lining holes - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for drilling, in particular rotary percussion or percussion drilling, and lining holes in the ground or rocks, a hole (13) is percussion and/or rotation drilled by a cutter (1, 2, 3) mounted on boring rods (9) and a lining is formed by a jacket tube (5). During drilling, at least one jacket tube (5, 5') coupled to the cutter (1, 2) is drawn in the axial direction by the cutter (1, 2, 3) into the bore hole (13) and once drilling is finished, the cutter (3) is at least partially removed from the jacket tube (5, 5') together with the boring rods (9). In a device for drilling, in particular percussion or rotary percussion drilling, and lining holes in the ground or rocks, a cutter (1, 2, 3) mounted on boring rods (9) drills a bore hole by percussion and/or rotary drilling. The cutter (1, 2, 3) is divided in the radial direction. At least one jacket tube (5, 5') which surrounds the boring rods (9) is located at the end of the cutter (3) away from the drilling surface, around the outer circumference of the cutter (3), and is form-fittingly joined to the cutter (1) by at least one coupling element (6) so as to be drawn in the longitudinal direction of the bore hole (13).

Description

The present invention forms a drill hole (boring hole) by impact and / or rotational movement using a bit (drill bit) attached to a drill rod (boring rod) assembly, and forms a lining using an outer tube. The invention relates to a method for drilling (drilling) in soil or rock materials, in particular impact or rotary impact drilling and lining of holes. Furthermore, the present invention provides for drilling in soil or rock, particularly impact drilling or rotational impact drilling and hole lining, where a bit attached to a drill rod assembly creates a drill hole by impact and / or rotational movement. Relates to a device for
This type of method and apparatus for drilling in soil or rock materials, in particular impact or rotary impact drilling, and subsequent lining of holes is known in various configurations. Thereby, a hole or drill hole extending over an arbitrarily significant length is formed with the aid of a bit attached to the drill rod assembly, the drill hole being formed by impact and / or rotational movement. In rotary impact drilling, the bit is usually rotated by a certain angle after each impact pressure is applied to it, and is newly acted on by the impact tool, and the debris is created by alternating movement of the bit in the direction of rotation and intermittent impact. Is deliberately collapsed and leaves the surface covered by the bit during the rotational movement. To prevent material (digging) from entering a drill hole that optionally extends over a considerable length and / or to prepare a lining having an essentially smooth surface after completing the drill hole, for example, Use a correspondingly rigidly designed jacket tube (jacket tube), on the other hand, for example, to exert an impulsive motion on the bit via the jacket tube and, strictly speaking, this jacket tube is a drilling device or advancing It has been proposed to constitute part of the operating device. Such a jacket tube must be correspondingly stiff and thick in order to introduce the necessary high impact forces, and accordingly, in order to account for the wall thickness of the jacket tube, it is correspondingly large. It is immediately obvious that the cross-section must be drilled. Such excavation cross sections, which increase with the wall thickness of the jacket tube, increase the drilling time accordingly, especially in the case of hard rocks, and at the same time require a correspondingly larger and more rigidly designed bit.
Instead of using a jacket tube to guide the impact force, in addition to removing the bit from the drill hole after completing the drill hole, and then to insert a lining or jacket tube into the drill hole Methods are known in which time consuming work steps are provided. Such a procedural approach is only applicable if material entry into the finished drill hole can be reliably eliminated and further lining or insertion of the jacket tube is feasible. It is immediately obvious that a correspondingly large cross-section must be drilled. In order to be able to insert such a lining or jacket tube having a large length, these tubes must also have a relatively large wall thickness to allow their safe introduction. Therefore, in this case too, a bit having a relatively large diameter must be used, which is commensurate with the jacket tube dimensions.
After inserting the lining or jacket tube, for example, a roof bolt can be inserted into the jacket tube, and in addition or instead, a corresponding fast-curing material can be inserted to solidify the surrounding material. it can. Alternatively, such a lining can be used for receiving ducts or the like or for the discharge and discharge of liquids when preparing through holes.
Thus, the present invention moves away from methods for drilling in soil or rock materials, in particular impact or rotary drilling, and hole lining, at least one by a rapid and simple method almost simultaneously with the formation of drill holes. Further development is aimed at enabling the insertion of the outer tube. Furthermore, the present invention has small dimensions, especially a low wall thickness, compared to known shapes so that the additional costs required for one or more jacket tubes during drilling can be minimized. It is intended to use one or more jacket tubes. In order to solve this problem, the method according to the invention essentially consists in that at least one jacket tube connected to the bit is guided axially into the drill hole by the bit by a forward movement during drilling. And after the drilling operation is completed, the bit is removed from the jacket tube at least partially together with the drill rod assembly. According to the present invention, the lining of the drill hole is reliably carried out immediately after drilling by guiding the jacket tube connected to the bit into the drill hole only in the axial direction by pulling action by the forward movement during drilling. It is possible to reliably avoid breaking rocks that may be loose and thus block drill holes. By guiding at least one outer tube directly into the drill hole by means of an axial action by means of a bit, the outer tube is subjected to an impact force, for example via a correspondingly rigid outer tube. It is not necessary to absorb and transmit all forces, as is the case with the prior art, but only to show sufficient strength to ensure that bending or cross-sectional reduction caused by rocks that may be loose is avoided. So it is also possible to use a jacket tube with a very thin wall. In order to easily and reliably remove the bit together with the drill rod assembly without changing the position of the jacket tube within the drill hole after drilling is completed, the present invention further drills the bit at least partially from the jacket tube. It is proposed to be removed together with the rod assembly. For this purpose, the bit can be divided, for example, into a substantially central part and an outer part that surrounds the central part in a generally annular manner, so that the separation of this central part allows the main component of the bit to be drilled. From the interior of the at least one jacket tube together with the drill rod assembly.
Nonetheless, during rotation of the bit, one or more jacket tubes connected to the bit are simply guided in the axial direction of the drill hole by the pulling action in the forward movement direction when drilling. It is further suggested that the bit be arranged to be rotatable relative to one or more jacket tubes.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the book is such that after removal of the drill rod assembly and the bit central part, the roof bolt is inserted into one or more jacket tubes and / or filled with a solidified material. The method according to the invention has been further developed.
In order to easily discharge the drilled material, the drilled material is introduced into one or more jacket pipes via at least one opening provided in the area following the bit. It is further suggested that the drill hole is discharged in a free space provided between the tube and the drill rod assembly. The external dimension of the drill hole is approximately matched to the outer diameter of the outer jacket pipe by discharging the drilled material from the drill hole in the free space provided between the one or more jacket pipes and the drill rod assembly. The required cross-sectional area of the drill hole can be further reduced, preferably only slightly above it.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, drilling in soil or rock material, especially impact drilling or rotary impact drilling and drilling, where a bit attached to a drill rod assembly forms a hole by impact and / or rotational movement The device according to the invention for the lining of the drill rod assembly is designed so that the bit is divided in its radial direction and at the end of the bit that is remote from the work surface at the outer periphery. The essential feature is that the surrounding at least one jacket tube is closely connected to the bit via at least one connecting element for tensioning in the longitudinal direction of the drill hole. The bit is designed to be split radially so that at the completion of the drill hole, at least one jacket tube is brought into the drill hole during drilling of the drill hole by applying tension in the longitudinal direction of the drill hole. While directly introduced and remaining inside the drill hole after the drill hole is completed, it is easily ensured that, for example, the central bit of the bit can be removed with the drill rod assembly from the drill hole through the jacket tube. In order for one or more jacket tubes attached to the outer periphery of the bit to act only in the axial direction of the drill hole, even during the rotational movement of the bit, the bit is connected via a connecting element. It is preferably further proposed to be rotatably connected to the outer tube.
In order to provide a particularly simple connection between the bit and the jacket tube drawn in the axial direction during the forward movement of the bit, a specially shaped annular member is optionally inserted so that the bit and the jacket tube It is further suggested that the connecting element be formed by offset surrounding areas having complementary contours. For example, even if the wall thickness of the outer tube is relatively thin, such an offset peripheral region designed by a method using a stepped convex portion and a complementary concave portion is used. Secure retraction is guaranteed.
In order to provide a simple connection between the bit and one or more jacket tubes that are retracted during the forward movement of the bit, the connecting element is formed by a plurality of balls, which balls are arranged according to the invention. Corresponding to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the bit is provided in a recess having a substantially semicircular cross section provided in the bit and in a recess complementary to that provided in the coupling piece of one or more jacket tubes following the bit. Is proposed as an alternative. By using balls arranged in corresponding recesses in both the bit and the coupling piece of one or more jacket tubes, a correspondingly simple coupling between the bit and one or more jacket tubes The connection can be carried out by means of a ball bearing system, thus enabling a correspondingly easy turnability to the bit of at least one jacket tube during the rotary movement and / or rotary impact movement of the bit during drilling To. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, in this connection, at least one jacket tube coupling piece and / or a coupling area of the bit is made of metal, a synthetic material or a coated material, and The matching of the individual material of both the concave coupling pieces of the outer tube and the end piece of the bit can each be carried out when using, for example, balls of metal or synthetic material. A correspondingly easy movement of the ball into the recess provided for receiving the connecting element formed by the ball can of course be obtained by introducing a lubricant, for example oil.
In order to prevent the force that starts to act on the bit during forward movement being guided into the jacket tube, optionally having a very small cross-section or thin wall thickness, and possibly deforming the jacket tube. Corresponding to a further preferred embodiment of the device, it is further possible that the connecting element between the bit and the one or more jacket tubes is at least partly made of or coated with a damping material Proposed.
The drilled object in the free space provided between the inner jacket tube and the drill rod assembly can be easily removed, thereby protecting a correspondingly small drill hole cross-section that approximately matches the outer dimension of the outer jacket tube. In order to ensure that one or more jacket tubes have at least one passage opening in their end region facing the bit, in particular several holes or passages distributed evenly around the jacket tube Having a slit is preferably provided.
As already mentioned above, the jacket tube is not only used for subsequently inserting a roof bolt and thus generally fixing the object, but also for example a drilled drill hole and inserted therein It can also be used for draining through the jacket tube. For this purpose, the present invention preferably proposes that one or more jacket tubes are designed to have perforations distributed substantially evenly around their entire length.
To ensure easy removal of the central part of the bit after the drill hole is completed, the bit consists of a central inner part and an outer part that are detachably connected to each other for a common forward movement, It is preferably proposed that the part has an outer diameter that is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner envelope tube. In order to enable a particularly simple and reliable connection of the individual elements of such a multi-part bit, the central inner part of the bit has an off-circular cross section for rotational retraction, and the outer part of the bit It is preferably proposed to be drawn through a suitable opening.
As already mentioned several times, the jacket tube is introduced directly through the bit by an axial movement during a forward or drilling movement, so that the diameter of the drill hole, in particular the introduction of the jacket tube, is It does not need to be very large with respect to the outer diameter of the outer jacket tube or lining tube, as was necessary in the subsequent prior art. Accordingly, the outer diameter of the outer jacket tube substantially corresponds to the outer dimension of the bit in the radial direction.
The jacket tube used in accordance with the present invention needs only to resist material that may invade and to capture and transmit forces, such as impact forces in the case of rotational impact drilling, for example. A correspondingly thin walled tube is sufficient. In this context, the present invention provides that one or more jacket tubes have a wall thickness of 1 to 3 mm, in particular about 2 mm, and thus by preparing the jacket tube, the entire surface to be drilled or drilled is It is immediately obvious that only a small increase needs to be made, and that the material and weight for one or more jacket tubes will be reduced accordingly.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the one or more jacket tubes are made of metal or synthetic material, so that the drilling holes can be adapted correspondingly easily to the soil material or rock material to be drilled. It becomes like this. Metal envelopes have a correspondingly high mechanical strength, but in such a configuration, a loose or soft soil or rock layer is potentially bent against a very thin wall envelope. Or it can be said to be a disadvantage that it can be affected by causing cross-sectional shrinkage, which can make it difficult or completely prevented the subsequent removal of the bit and the subsequent introduction of the roof bolt. Especially in such loose soil or rock layers, the use of a jacket tube made of synthetic material and thus providing a certain flexibility temporarily changes the cross section of one or more jacket tubes. Even if the jacket tube takes its same cross-sectional shape, it will regain its original cross-sectional shape during the advancement of the bit, and the subsequent removal of the bit and optional subsequent roof bolt insertion will be done after the drill hole is completed It has proven to be advantageous because it can be carried out without difficulty. In particular, when using a jacket tube made of a synthetic material, the use of the above-mentioned ball bearing type connecting element uses a jacket tube made of a synthetic material in which the retraction of the jacket tube by a bit is made. It is particularly advantageous to allow free and almost unobstructed rotation between the bit and the jacket tube during the rotary or rotary impact drilling movement of the bit, as it is sometimes considered disadvantageous.
In particular, according to the present invention, in order to minimize the frictional force as much as possible in soil layers or rock formations that contain easily invading materials and thus particularly increase the frictional force acting on the jacket pipe, The jacket tubes are arranged substantially concentrically with each other and spaced apart from each other by using spacer elements or stopper elements provided in the space of both jacket tubes, preferably on one of the opposite jacket tube surfaces. It is suggested to keep. Since the two envelope tubes are arranged approximately concentrically in space, on the one hand, one of the two envelope tubes arranged substantially concentrically due to the invading material and this destruction or damage to the envelope tube Even if the outer jacket tube is overstressed by a bit with only a bit, it is definitely possible to avoid damage to the drill rod assembly, while on the other hand it is feasible to provide a drill hole lining whose outer diameter is not constant over its entire length. is there. Such varying external dimensions of the drill hole lining help to minimize friction forces on the jacket tube, especially in areas where the drill hole lining diameter is small.
In order to protect such a telescoping fit, i.e. the individual retraction of each of the two concentrically arranged envelope tubes, the invention essentially consists of at least an externally arranged envelope tube. In the region of at least one junction of adjacent envelope tube parts, including several parts, the envelope tube can be removed by relative rotation of adjacent elements, in particular the inner tube via a plug joint And is detachably connected. One outer tube part comes to rest after removing the fixtures of two adjacent outer tube parts by the multi-part design of the outer pipe tube placed outside and the detachable connection of the adjacent outer tube parts It is possible to draw in the other jacket tube parts that remain, thus obtaining a drill hole lining having a varying diameter.
In order to ensure a complete lining of the drill hole and a retraction associated with either one of the inner or outer jacket tube parts, the device according to the invention is provided with a concentrically arranged jacket tube each Having a stopper element in at least one end region, which extends into an annular space provided between the jacket tubes and guides and links for adjacent outer jacket tube parts It is preferred that the release means is devised so as to be arranged in the region of the connecting element, in particular the inner tube sleeve element. The complete outer tube is located inside and outside by means of a concentrically arranged outer tube with a stop element in at least one end region extending into an annular space provided between the outer tubes Release is reliably avoided, and the present invention further ensures the associated retraction of the inner and / or outer tube portions by providing an inner tube sleeve element with guiding and disconnecting means.
In order to ensure removal of the part located inside the bit through the annular space defined by the jacket tube, it is preferred that the concentrically arranged jacket tube can be connected to the outer region of the bit. In this case, in particular, at least the outer jacket tube is secured to the bit so that a reliable retraction of at least the outer jacket tube is ensured in the region of the bit.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In this drawing,
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a part of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out the invention.
FIG. 2 is a view of the bit of the device according to the invention as seen in the direction of arrow II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional side view of the device of the invention according to FIG. 1 after removing the bit center portion and the drill rod assembly, compared to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drill hole produced by the apparatus according to the invention with a set of roof bolts.
FIG. 5 shows a modified embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method of the invention, as in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view of the bit of the second embodiment when viewed in the direction of the arrow VI in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and shows a modified embodiment of the device according to the invention for carrying out the method of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the jacket tube located inside and outside, and FIG. 8a is a view of the first jacket tube portion in a state of being telescoped in a direction toward the bit. Fig. 8b is a view of the first and second inner and outer jacket tube portions in a state of being telescopically fitted, as seen from the bit, and Fig. 8c is a partially extended state. FIG. 8d is a view showing the same jacket tube portion as shown in FIG. 8b, and FIG.
1 and 2, the bit indicated by 1 as a whole is composed of a central portion, a so-called pilot bit 2, and an annular bit 3 surrounding the pilot bit 2. The front end faces of the pilot bit 2 and the annular bit 3 are provided with conventional drilling tools known per se, such as, for example, a plug 4 made of a substantially hemispherical hard substance for acting on the material.
At the end of the bit 1 facing away from the excavation surface, a wall with a relatively thin wall, for example a wall with a thickness of 2 mm, is connected to the bit 1, which is connected to the annular bit 3 and the outside. This is done by using a specially shaped annular intermediate piece 6 that engages corresponding recesses provided in both regions of the foremost part of the jacket tube 5 via a stepped or projecting projection 7. The retracting inner jacket tube 5 ′ has a stopper element 29 in its upper end region which fits tightly on the outer jacket tube 5. Retraction (continuous connection) of the outer jacket tube 5 in the drilling direction indicated by the arrow 8, that is, the forward direction, is performed through the coupling portion (coupling) 6 by the axial pulling action. In order not to be disturbed during the drilling operation of the bit 1, it is rotatably attached to the jacket tube 5, 5 '. Thus, the jacket tube 5, 5 ′ with a correspondingly thin wall design is retracted by the bit 1, and the jacket tube 5, 5 ′ surrounds the drill rod assembly shown schematically at 9 and forms a free space 10. It is clear.
Furthermore, the outer tube 5 and the outer tube 5 'include a plurality of passage openings 11 distributed in the periphery at the foremost portion thereof, which overlap each other in the inserted state, through which the drilled article is drill rod assembly. It is clear from FIG. 1 that it can be taken into the free space between 9 and the tubes 5, 5 ′ according to the arrow 12 and subsequently carried outside. The drill rod assembly 9 is designed as a tube and can be provided with any other conduit through which a gaseous or liquid cleaning agent is fed between the bit 1 and the passage opening 11. It can be extruded into the free space 10 through the provided opening.
The outer contour of the drill hole to be formed is indicated schematically at 13 in FIGS. Using a correspondingly thin jacket tube 5, 5 'which is only exposed to the axial pulling action of the drill hole provided by the bit 1 during the drilling procedure, the diameter of the drill hole 13 is generally sized accordingly. What you can do is immediately obvious. After the drill hole 13 is completed, the pilot bit 2, which preferably has a cross-section deviating from a circle, leaves the entire interior space defined by the jacket tube 5 ', for example for the introduction of roof bolts or filler materials. Thus, it is removed from the annular bit 3 and taken out through the jacket tube 5 'together with the drill rod assembly.
The illustration according to FIG. 3 shows that only the jacket tube or lining tube 5, 5 ′ and the annular bit 3 remain in the drill hole 13 since the pilot bit or central part 2 of the bit has already been removed with the drill rod assembly. The larger longitudinal part being shown is shown. From FIG. 3, it is further clear that the corresponding connecting element 14 is connected to the bit at the foremost part, side by side with the connecting part 6 between the bit, ie the remaining annular bit 3 and the jacket tube 5. is there. Via a passage 11 provided in the front part, for example, a filling substance is inserted into the drill hole 13 for securing fixation, and also in the free space between the boundary of the drill hole 13 and the outer tube 5 located outside. Can be introduced. Furthermore, each part in the longitudinal direction of the jacket tube 5 located on the outside includes projecting portions 31 and 32 at their end portions, and these projecting portions 31 and 32 are two of the sheath tube 5 ′ located on the inside. It is connected to a sleeve 30 that firmly joins the two parts.
In FIG. 4, the roof bolt, indicated generally at 15, is placed in the jacket tube 5, 5 ', schematically shown in a fully extended state after the drill rod assembly has been removed. It is shown that the roof bolt 15 can be inserted, in particular by screwing, and that the roof bolt 15 is further supported or reinforced in the exposed area by means of a screw assembly 16. In this case, in order to securely fix the foremost part to the annular bit 3 remaining in the soil, an appropriate filling material may be further directly placed in the jacket tube 5, 5 ′ together with the insertion of the roof bolt 15. it can.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show a modified embodiment similar to FIG. 1, in which the jacket tube, also denoted by 5, is rotatably fixed directly on the outer periphery of the annular bit 17 and is cut. A pilot bit with blade 18 is indicated at 19. The fixing of the annular bit 17 to the outer periphery in this embodiment is carried out through appropriately offset or stepped areas in both the annular bit 17 and the end of the jacket tube 5 facing the front of the bit 1. The corresponding cross-sectional shapes are indicated by 20 and 21. Furthermore, the jacket tube located on the inside and its stopper element are indicated by 5 'and 29, respectively. A drill rod assembly connected to bit 1 is shown at 22. Further in this embodiment, the bit 1 center portion or pilot bit 19 is withdrawn with the drill rod assembly 22 through the inside of the jacket tube 5, 5 ′ after completion of the drill hole, after which, for example, a roof bolt It can also be inserted and / or further filled with solidified material, in particular grout.
Instead of inserting roof bolts or anchors into drill holes 13 lined with jacket tubes 5, 5 ', such drill holes 13 can also be used as drainage channels, for example, Perforations or openings should be distributed over the length as well as around the outer tube 5, 5 '.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, an arbitrarily multi-part bit having an inset 4 of hard material is again indicated by 1 and the jacket tube drawn into the bit 1 is indicated by 5, 5 ′. The jacket tube 5, 5 ′ in the previous embodiment can be made of, for example, a metal material, but the jacket tube 5, 5 ′ in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is made of a synthetic material in the same way as the stopper element 29. .
The fixing to the bit 1 consists of a plurality of connecting elements in the form of balls 23 received in corresponding recesses 24 of the semicircular cross-section provided on the rear side of the bit 1 and complementary semicircular recesses 25 of the coupling piece 26. The connecting piece 26 is directly coupled to the outer tube 5 of synthetic material. Thus, the ball 23 forming the connecting element between the bit 1 and the outer tube 5 constitutes a ball bearing type connecting part, and thereby, the outer tube 5 and the bit 1 during the rotation or rotational impact motion. A correspondingly simple rotation between them. Since the outer tube 5 made of synthetic material has a correspondingly high flexibility, a support tube 27 is additionally provided on the inner side so as to overlap the outer tube 5 in an area directly connected to the bit 1, and a support tube 28 is additionally provided on the outer side. Between these supporting tubes, the outer tube 5 made of synthetic material is suitably clamped or clamped in succession directly to the connecting piece 26, the additional support means 27, 28 being made of metal, for example. it can.
In order to adapt the material properties of the balls 23 made of metal or synthetic material to the bearing surface or bearing element in the region of the recesses 24, 25, the connecting piece 26 and the extension of the bit 1 are likewise made of metal or synthetic material. Can be provided, or provided with a suitable coating.
FIG. 8 shows that the inner jacket tube 5 ′ and the outer jacket tube 5 are displaced relative to each other during the advancement of the bit into the rock material or the soil material, respectively. Or schematically shown in a slidable manner along each other. FIG. 8a shows the first jacket tube part 5, 5 ′ in the telescoping position, ie the drilling start position, as viewed in the direction towards the bit 1. FIG. The outer envelope tube part 5 generally comprises an intermediate member 6 at its front end, which intermediate member 6 fixes the outer envelope tube part 5 to the bit 1 not shown in FIG. The forward direction of bit 1 is indicated by arrow 33 in FIG. At the end away from the bit, the outer jacket tube 5 includes a protrusion 34 slidably mounted on the inner jacket tube 5 ′. In a similar manner, a protrusion 29 is provided at the end of the inner jacket tube 5 'facing the bit 1 and this protrusion interacts with the protrusion 34 of the outer jacket tube 5 in the extended state. can do.
FIG. 8b schematically shows two first jacket tube parts in both the outer jacket tube and the inner jacket tube 5, 5 ′, the first jacket tube as viewed in the direction towards the bit 1. The part 5 again comprises a protrusion 34 at the end remote from the bit 1, which in the extended state interacts with the protrusion 29 of the inner jacket tube 5 '. The two outer envelope tubes 5 shown are not directly interconnected, but are only connected via a sleeve 30 that tightly couples the two inner envelope tubes 5 '. For this connection, two outer jacket tubes 5 in opposite end regions are provided with protrusions 31, 32 which engage in respective recesses of the sleeve element 30. Thus, in the nested state, both the outer jacket tube part 5 and the inner jacket tube part 5 ′ are tightly interconnected by the sleeve 30.
In order to make the length of the inner jacket tube part available as a lining for the drill hole during further advancement to the rock or soil material, look in the direction towards the bit 1 as shown in FIG. 8c. Thus, the rotational movement of the second jacket tube portion 5 relative to the sleeve 30 of the inner jacket tube 5 ′ causes the projection 31 to engage with the associated recess of the sleeve 30, after which the outer jacket tube 5 is moved to the arrow 33. Further advancement of the bit 1 in the direction of slidably guides on the inner jacket tube 5 'until the stoppers 29, 34 respectively provided on the jacket tube 5, 5' abut each other.
In order to be able to use the length of the first jacket tube part 5 'as seen from the direction of the bit 1 to also line the drill hole, it is separated from the bit 1 by holding the outer jacket tube 5 firmly. Then, a tension opposite to the forward movement is continuously generated at the other end portion, and thus the protruding portion 32 of the first outer jacket tube portion 5 is pulled away from each recess of the sleeve 30 of the inner jacket tube 5 ′. The outer tube portion 5 is slid on the first outer tube portion 5 ′ and pulled in the forward movement direction when viewed in the direction toward the bit 1 of the outer tube tube.
In the fully extended state, as shown in FIG. 8d, the drill hole lining is specifically designed with a cross-section to clearly reduce the frictional forces acting on the jacket tube.

Claims (22)

A drill hole (13) is formed by impact and / or rotational movement using a bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) attached to a drill rod assembly (9), and an outer tube (5) Drilling into soil material or rock material, in particular impact drilling, in which the lining is formed using and the bit is at least partly removed from the jacket tube (5) with the drill rod assembly (9) after the drilling procedure is finished Or a method for rotational impact drilling and lining of holes and / or insertion of roof bolts into holes, wherein the bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) and at least one thin-walled outer tube connected at the end remote from the excavation surface, only by pulling action using bits (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) After being introduced into the drill hole (13) in the direction and removing the drill rod assembly and bit, a roof bolt (15) is introduced into one or more jacket tubes (5), and A method characterized in that it is filled with a solidifying material. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bits (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) are arranged to be rotatable relative to one or more jacket tubes (5). The drilled material is guided into one or more jacket tubes (5) via at least one passage (11) provided in the area leading to the bits (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) and drilled. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is discharged from the hole (13) into a free space between the one or more jacket tubes (5) and the drill rod assembly (9). The method described. Drilling into soil or rock material, especially where the bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) attached to the drill rod assembly (9) forms a drill hole (13) by impact and / or rotational movement, in particular A device for impact drilling or rotary impact drilling and lining of holes and / or insertion of roof bolts into holes, with bits (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) split radially And at least one thin-walled jacket tube (9, 22) surrounding the drill rod assembly (9, 22) at the outer periphery of the end of the bit (1) away from the drilling surface. 5) the assembly is characterized in that it is securely connected to the bit (1) by means of at least one connecting element (6, 20, 21, 23) only for pulling and pulling in the longitudinal direction of the drill hole (13). . The bit (1, 13, 17) is rotatably connected to one or more jacket tubes (5) by connecting elements (6, 20, 21, 23). The device according to item. The connecting element (6, 20, 21) is optionally an annular intermediate member of special shape, depending on the offset peripheral region of the bit (2, 17) and the jacket tube (5) having complementary contours that match each other The apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the apparatus is formed by interposing (6). The connecting element is formed by a plurality of balls (23), and the balls (23) have a substantially semicircular cross section provided in the bit (1) and an outer tube connected to the bit (1). Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it is arranged in a complementary recess (25) provided in the coupling piece (26) of (5). 8. The coupling part (26) of the at least one jacket tube (5) and / or the coupling region of the bit (1) is made of a metal, a synthetic material or a covering material. The device described in 1. The connecting element (6, 20, 21, 23) between the bit (2, 17) and the one or more jacket tubes (5) is at least partly made of damping material, or damping material A device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that it is coated with One or more jacket tubes (5) are evenly distributed in the end region facing its bit (1) at least around the passage opening (11), in particular around the jacket tube (5) 10. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a number of holes or passage slits. 11. One or more jacket tubes (5) according to claims 4 to 10, characterized in that they are formed with through-holes distributed substantially uniformly around their entire length. The device according to any one of the above. The bit (1) consists of at least one central inner part (2, 19) and one outer part (3), these parts being detachably connected for a common forward movement, 12. The central inner part (2, 19) according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that it has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner jacket tube (5). apparatus. Due to the rotational retraction, the central inner part (12) of the bit (1) has a cross-section out of circle and passes through a suitable opening in the outer part (3) of the bit (1) and out of the bit (1). Device according to claim 12, characterized in that it is guided to The outer diameter of the outer jacket tube (5) substantially matches the outer dimension of the bit (1, 2, 3, 17, 19) in the radial direction. The device according to any one of the above. 15. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the one or more jacket tubes (5) have a wall thickness of 1 to 3 mm, in particular about 2 mm. 16. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the one or more jacket tubes (5) are made of metal or synthetic material. After removing the bit (3, 19) and the drill rod assembly (9, 22), for example, a roof bolt (15) which can be reinforced at a portion protruding from the soil region (16) is attached to the outer tube (5). 17. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 16, characterized in that it can be inserted in, in particular screwed on. Two envelope tubes (5, 5 ') are arranged substantially concentrically with each other, preferably in the space between the envelope tubes (5, 5'), preferably on the surface of the envelope tube (5, 5 ') facing each other 18. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 17, characterized in that they are held apart from one another by means of a single spacer element or stopper element (29). The outer tube (5) arranged at least on the outside is composed of a plurality of parts, and the outer tube is decoupled by the relative rotation of the adjacent elements in the region of at least one junction of the adjacent outer tube parts. 19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that it is detachably connected to the inner tube (5 ') via a possible fastener (31, 32), in particular via an insertion joint. Each of the concentrically arranged jacket tubes (5, 5 ') has, in at least one end region, a stopper element (29, 34) extending into the annular space between the jacket tubes (5, 5'). And in the region of the connecting element, in particular the sleeve element (30) of the inner envelope tube, guide and decoupling means for coupling the outer envelope tube are arranged The apparatus of claim 18 or 19 in the range. 21. The enclosure according to claim 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that the concentrically arranged jacket tubes (5, 5 ') are connectable to the outer region of the bit (1). apparatus. Device according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that at least the outer envelope tube (5) is detachably fixed to the bit (1).

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