JP3815787B2 - Seedling container loading device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a stacking device for stacking seedling containers on a pallet when a seedling taken out from a seedbed is stored and transported in a seedling container in transplantation cultivation of agricultural crops.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-205890, a seedling box as a seedling container is picked up and collected when it is collected from the seedbed and lifted by a lifting device. 2. Description of the Related Art A lifting device is known in which protrusions for lifting and holding the bottoms of both ends of a box are provided at predetermined intervals. And a raising / lowering apparatus pushes out several seedling boxes piled up upwards to a trolley | bogie simultaneously with a transfer apparatus, and is mounted.
[0003]
In beet radish (beet radish) transplantation cultivation, a heavy paper tube seedling is used, and the seedling is stored in a seedling container as a seedling container and used for transplantation. No. 2 and No. 2652508, the paper cylinder seedling is divided into two in the longitudinal direction, the seedling is stored in the seedling transport container, transported from the seedbed to the field, and supplied to the transplanter. As shown in Japanese Patent No. 2537452, there is known a seedling carrying container that can be transferred and continuously planted by simply placing a seedling carrying container containing a seedling on a seedling placing portion. The seedling transport containers are manually or generally crane-shaped on the pallet and stacked in order from the bottom, and are transported from the seedbed to the field by a truck or the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional raising / lowering device for seedling containers, the seedling containers are held and sequentially lifted, and the individual seedling containers are separated from each other. Therefore, the cart for replacing the seedling container requires a number of shelves corresponding to the number of the seedling containers lifted, and the structure of the cart becomes complicated.
[0005]
In addition, it is conceivable that the individual seedling containers are lifted sequentially from the bottom so that they are not separated from each other. However, in the case of heavy paper tube seedlings, it is necessary to lift a large number of seedling containers at a time in terms of strength and required force. It is impossible.
[0006]
If a seedling container is lifted with a wire rope in a general crane shape and is to be stacked, if it is stacked without correctly aligning the seedling container on the seedling container, it will fall down during transportation. Moreover, if it lifts with a wire and moves to a horizontal direction, a seedling container will shake. For this reason, positioning is difficult and time-consuming, and it is necessary to work carefully so as not to collide with the seedlings of the stacked seedling containers, which is inefficient.
[0007]
Therefore, a lifting device with a hanger that lifts and holds seedling containers arranged side by side in parallel has been tried, but if the intervals between the holding parts of the seedling containers are not uniform, the seedling container on one side may be dropped. there were. In other words, the hanger that lifts the seedling containers arranged in parallel in the left and right at a time is that when the distance between the holding parts is narrower when moved from the inside of the seedling container to the outside, the wider one is not sufficiently held. .
[0008]
In addition, in the case of lifting with a wire, if the wire is unwound too much, the winding of the winding drum is loosened, and the wire may be damaged when it is wound up again.
[0009]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and can reliably hold the seedling container even when the holding parts are not evenly spaced, so that the wire is not damaged even if the wire is unwound excessively. An object is to provide an upper apparatus.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The seedling container stacking device according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with a lifting device 40 that holds and lifts the seedling container C that stores the seedling P, and the lifting device 40 lifts and holds the seedling containers C arranged in parallel in the left-right direction. Left and right hangers 42, 43 are provided, and left and right levers 48, 49 for moving the left and right hangers 42, 43 from the inside of the seedling container C to the outside are provided in the lifting device 40, and only the left hanger 42 is opened by the left lever 48. The left seedling container C is moved in the direction and the right lever 49 is moved in the direction in which only the right hanger 43 is opened, and the right seedling container C is held.
[0011]
In the seedling container stacking device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the lifting device 40 is provided with safety hooks 50 and 51 for fixing the left and right levers 48 and 49 at predetermined positions where the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are opened.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the first aspect of the invention, only the left hanger 42 is moved in the opening direction by the left lever 48 to hold the left seedling container C, and only the right hanger 43 is moved in the opening direction by the right lever 49 and the right seedling container is moved. Since C is held, it can be held without being affected by the unevenness of the intervals between the holding portions of the seedling containers C aligned in the left-right direction.
[0013]
In the invention of claim 2, since the lifting device 40 is provided with the safety hooks 50, 51 for fixing the left and right levers 48, 49 at predetermined positions where the left and right hangers 42, 43 are opened, the left and right hangers 42, 43 are reliably closed without being closed. Can hold.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
As the seedling P, a paper tube seedling by a paper tube raising seedling container is shown. This paper tube raising seedling container is formed by pasting paper tubes with upper and lower openings, and seedlings P grow and become paper tube seedlings when the seedlings are packed and seeded in this paper tube.
[0016]
The seedling P that has completed the raising seedling is taken out from the seedbed by a seedling transporting vehicle including a large number of needles, wheels, and handles arranged in a fork.
[0017]
The seedling P taken out by the seedling transport vehicle is placed on the mounting table of the dividing machine 1 and divided into two. After the seedling P is separated into two by separating the seedling P by about 10 cm, the splitting machine 1 is moved to the seedling container C by tilting the mounting table and sliding it by its own weight. At this time, so as not to damage the seedling P, the seedling container C is placed at an inclination corresponding to the inclination of the mounting table.
[0018]
The seedling container C stores the seedling P divided into two by the splitting machine 1, transports it from the seedbed to the field and supplies it to the transplanting machine. The seedling container C stores the seedlings provided on the left and right sides of the bottom plate. A pair of grips higher than P and a mounting receiver that is placed on the grips when stacked on the lower ends of the pair of grips are provided. The pair of handles is a shape in which a thin round bar is bent into an approximately U shape and its opening faces downward, and its upper side is formed in a straight line, so that it is stable when the operator holds it by hand or lifts it with the lifting device 40. You can have it. The placement receiver is provided with a guide portion that can be placed correctly on the handle even if the positions of the seedling containers C to be stacked do not match somewhat.
[0019]
Next, a stacking apparatus 10 for arranging and stacking the seedling containers C storing the seedlings P on the pallet 2 will be described. This stacking device 10 can lift and place two seedling containers C at the same time, and can stack up to five levels on the pallet 2 in two rows on the left and right and in multiple rows on the front and back. The next seedling container C is stacked on the seedling container C in order from the bottom.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a lifting device. The lifting device 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular frame shape in plan view, and is placed on the ground E adjacent to the nursery. A pallet 2 having a flat upper surface on which the seedling containers C are stacked is placed on the ground E in the lifting device 10, and the divider 1 is placed on the ground E at one end of the lifting device 10.
[0021]
A pair of rear pillars 11 are provided vertically on both sides of the lifting device 10 on the divider 1 side, and freely rotating wheels 12 for moving the lifting device 10 are provided on the lower end of the rear pillar 11. A pair of front pillars 13 are provided vertically on both sides opposite to each other, and anchors 14 are provided at the lower ends of the front pillars 13 to stab and fix the ground E so as not to move.
[0022]
A pair of horizontal rails 15 horizontally provided in the front-rear direction are provided between the upper portions of the left and right front pillars 13 and the rear pillars 11, and the height of the horizontal rails 15 is higher than the height of the operator.
[0023]
A horizontal movement device 20 is provided between the upper parts of the pair of horizontal rails 15. The horizontal movement device 20 horizontally moves the lifting device 40. The horizontal movement device 20 is guided along the horizontal rail 15 and freely moved in the front-rear direction. Move horizontally.
[0024]
As the horizontal movement device 20, a girder 21 that is horizontally long in the left-right direction and is formed in a frame shape that is substantially rectangular in plan view is provided, and a pair of saddles 22 that are long in the front-rear direction are provided at both ends of the girder 21. A roller 23 that freely rotates in contact with the upper surface of the horizontal rail 15 from the side portion is provided, and a roller 24 that freely rotates in contact with the inner side surface of the horizontal rail 15 from the lower portion is provided. As the rollers 23 and 24 roll on the upper surface and the inner side surface of the horizontal rail 15, the horizontal movement device 20 freely moves in the front-rear direction and moves between the front column 13 and the rear column 11.
[0025]
A pair of guide supports 25 for guiding the vertical guide body 60 in the vertical direction is provided below the left and right ends of the girder 21.
[0026]
A hoisting device 30 for moving the lifting device 40 up and down is provided below the upper surface of the central portion of the girder 21 of the horizontal moving device 20. The hoisting device 30 includes an electric motor 31 that can rotate forward and backward with a speed reducer and a brake, a hoisting drum 32 fitted on the shaft of the motor 31, and a lower hoisting device 40 wound around the hoisting drum 32. A wire 33 as a steel wire rope for suspending the wire and a weight 34 at the lower end of the wire 33 are provided. The weight 34 is made of a heavy material such as steel and has a substantially cylindrical shape that is long in the horizontal direction. The wire 33 is wrapped around the center of the weight 34 and fixed to the lifting device 40 by a protrusion at both ends of the weight 34 only in the vertical direction. Stop freely.
[0027]
A lifting device 40 as a hand unit that holds and lifts the seedling container C that stores the seedling P is provided horizontally and horizontally below the horizontal movement device 20.
[0028]
The lifting device 40 is provided with a lifting device frame 41 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The lifting device frame 41 is horizontally provided with a length substantially equal to the length in the longitudinal direction of the seedling containers C aligned in the left-right direction. The left half of the lifting device frame 41 corresponds to the left seedling container C, and the right half corresponds to the right seedling container C.
[0029]
Left and right hangers 42 and 43 for lifting and holding the seedling containers C arranged side by side are provided on the front and rear sides of the lifting device frame 41. Four left and right hangers 42 and 43 are provided for one seedling container C, the left hanger 42 holds the left seedling container C, and the right hanger 43 holds the right seedling container C. The left and right hangers 42 and 43 are stopped so as to freely rotate at the intermediate portions in the vertical direction by pins, and the lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are rotated and moved in the left and right direction. The lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are formed as hooks that are notched to hold a pair of handles of the seedling container C.
[0030]
Left and right levers 48 and 49 for rotating the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are provided on the upper surface of the lifting device frame 41. The left and right levers 48 and 49 are substantially U-shaped and have an opening facing downward, and are supported by a pin on the upper surface of the upper surface of the lifting device frame 41 so as to freely rotate.
[0031]
The upper part of the pin of the left lever 48 and the upper part of the left hanger 42 are connected by a link 44, and the lower part of the pin of the left lever 48 and the upper part of the right hanger 42 are connected by a link 45. The upper part of the pin of the right lever 49 and the upper part of the right hanger 43 on the right side are connected by a link 46, and the lower part of the pin of the right lever 49 and the upper part of the right hanger 43 on the left side are connected by a link 47. The links 44, 45, 46, and 47 are stopped by pins on the left and right hangers 42 and 43 and the left and right levers 48 and 49, respectively. When the left and right levers 48 and 49 are rotated, Rotate.
[0032]
At the position where the left and right levers 48 and 49 are rotated and moved in the substantially vertical direction, the hooks at the lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are closed toward the center of the seedling container C, and the handle of the seedling container C is opened. . At the position where the left and right levers 48 and 49 are tilted inward and rotated, the hooks at the lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are opened to the outside of the seedling container C, and the handle of the seedling container C is held. That is, when the left and right levers 48 and 49 are tilted inward, the left and right hangers 42 and 43 rotate and move from the inside of the seedling container C to the outside to hold the handle.
[0033]
Here, the left and right levers 48, 49 and the left and right hangers 42, 43 are connected by independent links 44, 45, 46, 47, respectively, and the left lever 48 rotates and moves in the direction in which only the left hanger 42 is opened. C is held, and the right lever 49 is rotated to move only the right hanger 43 so that the right seedling container C is held.
[0034]
Safety hooks 50 and 51 for fixing the left and right levers 48 and 49 at predetermined positions where the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are opened are provided inside the left and right levers 48 and 49 on the upper surface of the lifting device frame 41.
[0035]
The safety hooks 50 and 51 have their lower ends fixed to the support on the upper surface of the lifting device frame 41 so as to freely rotate by pins, and are urged by a tension spring in a direction to fall outward, The hooks are notched so as to lock the upper ends of the levers 48 and 49. When the left and right levers 48 and 49 are tilted to hold the seedling container C, the hooks of the safety hooks 50 and 51 automatically lock the left and right levers 48 and 49. In order to unlock the safety hooks 50 and 51, the safety hooks 50 and 51 may be lifted inward by overcoming the bias of the tension spring.
[0036]
On the upper surface in the center of the lifting device frame 41, a pair of connecting fittings 52 that are connected to the hoisting device 30 are provided. The pair of connection fittings 52 is long upward and is provided at a predetermined distance with the weight 34 interposed therebetween. The connecting fitting 52 is formed with a long hole in the vertical direction, and protrusions at both ends of the weight 34 are fitted into the long hole, and the weight 34 can move only in the vertical direction by the distance of the long hole.
[0037]
Guide bodies 53 for guiding the lifting device 40 to the handle of the seedling container C are provided at the corners of the left and right side surfaces and the rear side surface of the lifting device frame 41.
[0038]
A pair of guide supports 54 are provided at both the left and right ends of the upper surface of the lifting device frame 41, respectively, for rotating the upper and lower guide bodies 60 and stopping them freely.
[0039]
Between the left and right ends of the lifting device frame 41 of the lifting device 40 and the pair of guide supports 25 of the horizontal movement device 20, a pair of vertical guide bodies 60 that guide the vertical movement of the lifting device 40 are provided.
[0040]
The vertical guide body 60 is composed of an upper pipe 61 and a lower pipe 63 that are elongated in the vertical direction, and the inner diameter of the upper pipe 61 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower pipe 63. The lower pipe 63 fits into the upper pipe 61, and the length is such that the fitting does not come out even at the position where the lifting device 40 is lowered to the lowest end. Thus, the upper pipe 61 can be moved only in the vertical direction by the guide support 25, and the lower pipe 63 can be moved only in the vertical direction by the upper pipe 61.
[0041]
At the upper end of the upper pipe 61, a retaining plate 62 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the upper pipe 61 is provided so that the retaining plate 62 hits the lifting device frame 41 so that it does not fall downward. Further, at the position where the lifting device 40 is raised to the uppermost end, the lower pipe 63 is completely fitted into the upper pipe 61, and the upper pipe 61 projects upward from the lifting device frame 41.
[0042]
At the lower end of the lower pipe 63, there is provided a horizontally round locking shaft 64 protruding in the left-right direction, and the locking shaft 64 is rotatably fitted in the hole of the guide support 54 of the lifting device 40. As a result, the lifting device 40 is locked to the vertical guide body 60 as a vertical swivel that is movable in the vertical direction and that can be rotated and displaced in the front-rear direction.
[0043]
The inner distance between the pair of guide supports 54 of the lifting device 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the lower pipe 63 and the upper pipe 61 of the upper and lower guide bodies 60, and the guide support 54 is a predetermined distance along the locking shaft 64. Only moveable. The length of the locking shaft 64 is also set so that it does not come out even if the guide support 54 moves. And even if there are some errors in the left and right positions of the seedling container C, the lifting device 40 can be moved accordingly.
[0044]
The pair of guide supports 54 of the lifting device 40 is provided with a stopper 55 that contacts the lower pipe 63 of the upper and lower guide body 60 that is rotated and displaced by a predetermined angle. Match with the angle of the tilted seedling container C placed.
[0045]
Next, the operation will be described together with the method of use.
[0046]
When the seedling P is stored in the inclined seedling container C placed on the dividing machine 1, the vertical guide body 60 is pushed by the horizontal moving device 20 to align the lifting device 40 with the seedling container C on the dividing machine 1. Move.
[0047]
The motor 31 is rotated by the switch, the wire 33 wound around the winding drum 32 is rewound, and the lifting device 40 is lowered along the vertical guide body 60. In order to adjust to the inclined seedling container C, the lifting device 40 is rotated backward by hand to guide the guide 53 to the holding of the seedling container C.
[0048]
At this time, a weight 34 is provided at the lower end of the wire 33. The weight 34 is fixed to the lifting device 40 so as to be movable a predetermined distance only in the vertical direction. Even if the wire 33 is unwound excessively, the weight 34 is lowered and the winding is loosened. Therefore, even if the switch 33 is accidentally unwound and the wire 33 is unwound too much, the wire 33 is not damaged.
[0049]
When the left and right levers 48 and 49 are tilted inward, the hooks at the lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 open outwardly of the seedling container C and hold the handle of the seedling container C. When the left and right levers 48 and 49 are tilted, the safety hooks 50 and 51 automatically lock the left and right levers 48 and 49.
[0050]
At this time, only the left hanger 42 moves in the opening direction by the left lever 48 to hold the left seedling container C, and only the right hanger 43 moves in the opening direction by the right lever 49 to hold the right seedling container C. Since the seedling containers C can be held without being affected by the uneven spacing of the handles of the seedling containers C arranged side by side in the left and right direction, both the right and left seedling containers C can be securely held, and the seedling container C is safe without dropping.
[0051]
Also, since the lifting device 40 is provided with safety hooks 50 and 51 for fixing the left and right levers 48 and 49 at predetermined positions where the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are opened, the right and left hangers 42 and 43 can be securely held without being closed. It is safe without dropping C.
[0052]
The motor 31 is rotated by the switch, the wire 33 wound around the winding drum 32 is wound up, and the lifting device 40 is raised along the vertical guide body 60. The vertical guide body 60 is pushed by the horizontal moving device 20 by hand, and the lifting device 40 is moved along with the foremost part of the pallet 2.
[0053]
The motor 31 is rotated by the switch, the wire 33 wound around the winding drum 32 is rewound, the lifting device 40 is lowered along the vertical guide body 60, and the seedling container C is lowered onto the pallet 2.
[0054]
At this time, a weight 34 is provided at the lower end of the wire 33. The weight 34 is fixed to the lifting device 40 so as to be movable a predetermined distance only in the vertical direction. Even if the wire 33 is unwound excessively, the weight 34 is lowered and the winding is loosened. Therefore, even if the switch 33 is accidentally unwound and the wire 33 is unwound too much, the wire 33 is not damaged.
[0055]
When the safety hooks 50 and 51 are lifted inward and unlocked, and the left and right levers 48 and 49 are turned outward, the hooks at the lower ends of the left and right hangers 42 and 43 are closed toward the center of the seedling container C, Release the handle. The motor 31 is rotated by the switch, the wire 33 wound around the winding drum 32 is wound up, and the lifting device 40 is raised along the vertical guide body 60.
[0056]
The above operation is repeated, and the seedling container C held in the lifting device 40 is lowered onto the seedling container C on the pallet 2 and stacked up to a predetermined number of stages. When the seedling containers C are stacked up to a predetermined number, they are similarly stacked on the adjacent empty pallet 2 and sequentially stacked in the direction of the divider 1.
[0057]
When the seedling container C is fully loaded on the pallet 2, the pallet 2 is taken out from the loading device 10 by a lift and loaded on a truck. Place the empty pallet 2 on the loading device 10 and repeat the same operation. When the seedling container C is loaded on the truck, it is transported to the field and used for transplantation.
[0058]
The nursery bed and the lifting device 10 are moved away from each other, or when the work is finished, the anchor 14 is pulled out and the lifting device 10 is moved by the wheel 12.
[0059]
In the above embodiment, an example in which the handle of the seedling container C is lifted and held by the left and right hangers 42 and 43 of the lifting device 40 has been shown. The lifting device 40 may be a device that holds and lifts the seedling container C from below.
[0060]
Moreover, although the hoisting device 30 has shown the example by the motor 31 and the wire 33, the hoisting device 30 is good also as actuators, such as a manual winding winch, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.
[0061]
In addition, although the example in which the cut-out hooks for locking the left and right levers 48 and 49 of the safety hooks 50 and 51 are shown is one, the reliability may be increased by using a plurality of hooks.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1, only the left hanger is moved in the opening direction by the left lever to hold the left seedling container, and only the right hanger is moved in the opening direction by the right lever to hold the right seedling container. Since the seedling containers can be held without being affected by the unevenness of the intervals between the holding parts of the seedling containers arranged side by side, the left and right seedling containers can be securely held and it is safe without dropping the seedling containers.
[0063]
According to the invention of claim 2, since the lifting device is provided with a safety hook for fixing the left and right levers at a predetermined position where the left and right hangers are opened, and the left and right hangers can be securely held without closing, it is safe without dropping the seedling container. It is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a seedling container stacking apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a front view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operating state in which a part of FIG. 1 is cut away;
4 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a main part of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 3;
6 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 2. FIG.
7 is a diagram showing another operation state of FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another operation state of FIG. 8;
10 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view in which a part of FIG. 6 is cut away.
[Explanation of symbols]
20 Horizontal movement device
30 Hoisting device
33 wires
34 Weight
40 Lifting device
42 Left hanger
43 Right hanger
48 Left lever
49 Right lever
50, 51 Safety hook C Seedling container P Seedling

Claims (2)

  A lifting device that holds and lifts the seedling container that holds seedlings is provided, and the lifting device is provided with left and right hangers that lift and hold seedling containers that are arranged side by side in the left and right direction. The left and right levers are provided on the lifting device, the left lever moves only in the direction in which the left hanger opens, the left seedling container is held, and the right lever only moves in the direction in which the right hanger opens and the right seedling container is held. Seedling container loading device.   The seedling container stacking device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is provided with a safety hook for fixing the left and right levers at a predetermined position where the left and right hangers are opened.

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