JP3816145B2 - Method for producing Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet excellent in surface properties and etching perforation - Google Patents
Method for producing Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet excellent in surface properties and etching perforation Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、表面性状が良好でエッチング穿孔不良のないFe−Ni合金冷延板を安価に製造する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
Niを30〜50重量%含有するFe−Ni合金は、磁性材料,リードフレーム,シャドウマスク等を始めとして各種機能材料として使用されている。一般にFe−Ni合金は、用途に応じて製品板厚が数百〜数十μmの冷延板に加工される。そのため、素材中に硬質の非金属介在物が存在すると、非金属介在物に起因した線状の表面疵が圧延等の加工の際に発生し易くなる。特に、鋼塊の状態でクラスター状に非金属介在物が存在すると、冷延時に圧延方向に沿って数十cmから十数mの長さに及ぶ表面疵が発生する場合もある。硬質でなくても粗大な介在物が存在すると、冷延板での膨れ疵に至る場合もある。その結果、製品の歩留りが著しく低下する。
【0003】
Fe−Ni合金は、精錬時にAlが微量に含まれていても、約60重量%のAl2 O3 を含むMgO・Al2 O3 やMn・Al2 O3 等の硬質のスピネル型アルミナ系介在物を生成し易い。この種の介在物は、凝集し易く、いわゆるクラスター状の介在物として観察される。更には、冷延板からシャドウマスク材を製造する場合、介在物がエッチング穿孔性に悪影響を及ぼし、著しい歩留り低下を招く。
このような短所をもつFe−Ni合金から磁性材料,リードフレーム,シャドウマスク等に使用される冷延板を製造する場合、冷延板に表面疵を発生させ、エッチング歩留りを大きく低下させる原因となる介在物を極力除去する必要がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
介在物を除去するため、溶湯の温度補償が可能な真空誘導炉等の専用設備を使用し、介在物の浮上時間を十分確保している。しかし、Fe−Ni合金の需要が増大している現状では、高周波誘導炉等の専用設備を使用する製造法は生産性が低く、量的な対応をとることができない。また、製造されたFe−Ni合金もコスト高になる。したがって、生産性やコスト面における不利を解消し、製品歩留りを向上させるためには、従来の鉄鋼製品を製造する場合と同様な大量生産設備を用いた製造法が要求される。
大量生産設備の精錬工程で使用される容器の内張耐火物には、約30重量%のCr2 O3 を含むMgO・Cr2 O3 系のマグクロレンガが通常使用されている。一般に、Fe−Ni合金は高清浄度が要求される鋼種であることから、スラグを高塩基度にして精錬される。そのため、耐火物の溶損が大きくなる。スラグの塩基度を通常の溶鋼と同レベルにしても、Fe−Ni合金の精錬では、耐火物の溶損が大きく、溶湯中にCr2 O3 系介在物が不可避的に混入する。
【0005】
Cr2 O3 系介在物は、硬質の介在物であり、鋳造ままの状態で小さいものであっても30μm程度の大きさに成長しており、ほぼ圧延前の大きさのままで冷延板に残存し易い。残存したCr2 O3 系介在物は、冷延板に表面疵を発生させる原因となる。更には、冷延板からシャドウマスク材を製造する場合、Cr2 O3 系介在物がエッチング穿孔性を著しく阻害し、エッチング不良を発生させる。
他方、鋳造工程では、Ar等の不活性ガスで鋳造時の注入流をシールし、溶湯に接するガス中のO2 濃度をなるべく低く設定することにより、再酸化が生じない処置が施されている。しかし、再酸化を完全に防止することは工業的に容易ではなく、多大な設備費が必要とされる。溶湯が再酸化すると再び介在物が生成し易く、再酸化により粒径が数十μmを超えるような大型介在物が生成することもある。大型介在物がインゴットからスラブにかけて残存すると、圧延時に膨れ疵が発生し易くなる。更には、冷延板からシャドウマスク材を製造する場合に、大型の介在物がエッチング穿孔性を著しく阻害し、エッチング不良を発生させる。
本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、Cr2 O3 含有量が2重量%以下の耐火物でライニングされた取鍋等の容器を脱酸精錬工程で使用することにより、表面疵発生原因となる非金属介在物が規制されたFe−Ni合金を一度に大量且つ安価に製造し、表面性状に優れたFe−Ni合金冷延板を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のFe−Ni合金冷延板の製造方法は、その目的を達成するため、溶湯と接する部分がCr2O3含有量2重量%以下の耐火物でライニングされ且つ前チャージでAl含有量0.010重量%以下の溶鋼の脱酸精錬に使用された容器を使用して脱酸精錬し、Ni:30〜50重量%,Cr:1.5重量%以下,Mn:0.1〜0.5重量%,Si:0.02〜0.3重量%,Al:0.003重量%以下を含み、Al含有量とSi含有量との間に(Si%)/(Al%)≧10の関係が成立するように成分調整した溶鋼を、当該溶鋼の液相線温度よりも25℃以上高い温度で鋳造することを特徴とする。
【0007】
以下、本発明のFe−Ni合金に含まれる合金成分及び含有量等を説明する。
Ni:30〜50重量%
Fe−Ni合金の熱膨張率に大きな影響を与える合金元素である、30〜50重量%の範囲で熱膨張率が小さくなる。Ni含有量が30重量%に満たないと熱膨張率が高くなり、逆に50重量%を超えても熱膨張率が高くなる。熱膨張率の高いFe−Ni合金の冷延板をシャドウマスクとして使用すると、色ズレ等の欠陥発生原因になる。
Cr:1.5重量%以下
Fe−Ni合金の熱膨張率に影響を及ぼし、1.5重量%を超える多量のCrが含まれると熱膨張率が高くなり過ぎ、製品としての価値が失われる。
【0008】
Mn:0.1〜0.5重量%
介在物を伸延し易い組成、すなわちMn−シリケート系の介在物にする作用を呈する。このようなMnの添加効果は、0.1重量%以上の含有量で顕著になる。しかし、0.5重量%を超える多量のMnが含まれると、合金板の硬度が過度に高くなり過ぎ、たとえばシャドウマスク等の用途に適さなくなる。
Si:0.02〜0.3重量%
脱酸剤として添加される元素であるが、0.02重量%より少ないSi含有量では脱酸効果が小さい。このとき、Fe−Ni合金にCrが含まれていると、脱酸が不十分ではCr2 O3 系介在物が発生し易くなり、冷延板に表面疵を発生させる原因となる。また、シャドウマスク材として製造する際には、エッチング穿孔欠陥が生じ易くなる。しかし、0.3重量%を超える多量のSiが含まれると、シャドウマスク材を製造する際、エッチング穿孔時にエッチング液が汚れ、生産性を低下させる。また、Fe−Ni合金の硬さが上昇するため、リードフレームやシャドウマスク材としての用途に適さなくなる。
【0009】
Al:0.003重量%以下
脱酸剤として添加される元素であるが、Al含有量が0.003重量%を超えると、クラスター状のスピネル型アルミナ系介在物が生成し易くなり、表面疵の発生原因となる。また、シャドウマスク材として製造する際、エッチング穿孔不良を引き起こす。したがって、本発明のFe−Ni合金においては、Al含有量の上限を0.003重量%に規定した。
また、Al含有量が0.003重量%以下でも、生成する介在物のAl2 O3 含有量が40重量%よりも多くなることがある。このような介在物の組成になると、後述するように冷延板の疵発生原因やエッチング穿孔不良原因となる。これら欠陥を防止するためには、Al含有量に応じたSi含有量の添加が不可欠になる。具体的には、Si含有量をAl含有量で除した値(Si%)/(Al%)が10以上となるように合金設計することが好ましい。
【0010】
非金属介在物:Cr2 O3 5重量%以下,Al2 O3 40重量%以下
Fe−Ni合金にCr2 O3 含有量が5重量%以上の非金属介在物が含まれていると、通常行われている熱間圧延の温度範囲では介在物の形態がほとんど変化しない。その結果、数十〜数百μmの薄さの板厚まで冷間圧延したとき、この非金属介在物が板表面に疵を発生させ、エッチング穿孔不良の原因となる。非金属介在物中のCr2 O3 含有量は、Fe−Ni合金中のSiやAlの含有量を規制すると共に、脱酸精錬に使用される取鍋等の容器の内張耐火物の材質を選択することによって制御される。この点、内張耐火物に含まれているCr2 O3 量を2重量%以下にすることが有効である。2重量%を超える量のCr2 O3 が含まれている耐火物を使用すると、非金属介在物に取り込まれるCr2 O3 が多くなり易い。
また、Al2 O3 含有量が40重量%を超える非金属介在物がFe−Ni合金に分散していると、この非金属介在物は、熱間圧延の温度範囲では粘性変形せず、JISに規定されているB系やC系の介在物になる。この場合も、介在物が冷延板に表面疵を発生させ、エッチング穿孔不良の原因となる。非金属介在物中のAl2 O3 含有量は、Cr2 O3 含有量と同様にFe−Ni合金中のSiやAlの含有量を規制すると共に、精錬に使用される取鍋等の容器の内張耐火物に付着しているAl2 O3 量を規制することにより制御される。付着Al2 O3 量の程度は、脱酸精錬する際に前チャージで精錬した溶鋼中のAl含有量から把握できる。この点、前チャージの溶鋼におけるAl含有量を0.010重量%以下にすることが必要である。
【0011】
前チャージにおける溶鋼のAl含有量:0.010重量%以下
工業的には、種々の鋼を溶製している間で溶製時期を限定せずにFe−Ni合金を溶製する必要があるが、鋼種によってはAlを積極的に添加するものがある。その結果、Al添加時に生成したAl2 O3 が溶湯容器の耐火物に付着し易い。このような溶湯容器を用いて精錬すると、付着したAl2 O3 が脱酸剤によって一旦メタルに還元され、溶湯中にAlとして移行し、更に介在物と溶湯中のAlが反応し、スピネル型アルミナ系介在物が生成し易い。このようなことからも、アルミナ系介在物に起因する悪影響を避けるため、Al含有量が0.010重量%以下の溶鋼を前チャージで精錬した後の溶湯容器を使用して、Fe−Ni合金を溶製する。
【0012】
鋳造温度:液相線温度よりも25℃以上高い温度
大型介在物を除去するためには十分な温度補償が必要となるが、大量生産設備では鋳造時間が長時間に及び、鋳造末期ではかなりの温度低下が生じる。その結果、温度低下に応じた溶湯の粘性上昇によって大型介在物が浮上し切れずに鋳型内まで持ち込まれ、最終的にインゴットやスラブに残存する傾向が強くなる。残存した介在物は、圧延時の表面疵やエッチング穿孔不良を招く。そこで、合金の液相線温度よりも25℃以上高い温度に鋳造温度を設定し、介在物の浮上分離を促進させ、鋳型への持込みを抑制する。
【0013】
【実施例】
Ni含有量が36重量%のFe−Ni合金溶湯約80トンを電気炉で溶解した後、上底吹き転炉に溶湯を装入し、酸化精錬によってCr,P等の不純物を除去した。精錬後に脱滓し、得られた溶湯を取鍋に移し、真空脱ガス精錬炉に装入した。このとき、取鍋の内張り耐火物の影響を調査するため、Cr2 O3 含有量が異なるMgO系の耐火物やCaO系の耐火物をライニングした取鍋を使用した。また、前チャージで精錬した鋼のAl含有量がFe−Ni合金の精錬に及ぼす影響を調査するため、Al含有量が異なる溶鋼を前チャージで精錬した。
精錬炉において、Mnを0.3重量%の含有量とし、種々の含有量となるようにSi,Alを添加し脱酸した。その後、鋳造温度を変えて得られたスラブを1200℃の抽出温度で熱延し、冷延−焼鈍を経て板厚0.2mmの冷延板を製造した。得られた冷延板について、表面疵発生の有無及び介在物の形態調査を行った。なお、この合金の液相線温度は、1450℃であった。
【0014】
調査結果を示す表1にみられるように、Fe−Ni合金中のSi,Al含有量,内張り耐火物組成,前チャージで精錬した溶鋼中のAl含有量,鋳造温度と表面疵の発生状況との間に明らかな相関関係があることが判る。
すなわち、ヒートNo.1〜5に示すように内張り耐火物にCr2 O3 がほとんど含まれていないMgO系やCaO系の耐火物でライニングし、且つ内張り耐火物に付着スラグが少ない取鍋を用いて精錬したものでは、Si含有量及び鋳造温度に拘らず、Al含有量が0.003重量%を超えると、Al2 O3 含有量が40重量%より多くクラスター化した介在物が観察されるケースが多くなった。このヒートNo.1〜5から得られた冷延板は、何れも製品として許容できない介在物起因の表面疵が発生していた。
【0015】
Al含有量が0.003重量%以下で鋳造温度が1475℃以上(液相線温度1450℃+25℃)であっても、Si含有量が0.02重量%未満の場合、ヒートNo.6〜9にみられるように、酸化精錬時に生成したCr2 O3 が持ち込まれて脱酸剤の量が十分でないために改質されず、Cr2 O3 含有量が20〜40重量%程度含まれる介在物が生成した。これらヒートNo.6〜9とも、介在物起因の表面疵が冷延板に観察された。
Al含有量が0.003重量%以下で鋳造温度が1475℃以上であっても、ヒートNo.10〜12にみられるように、取鍋の内張り耐火物に含まれているCr2 O3 が2重量%を超えると、溶出した耐火物が原因で溶湯中の介在物にCr2 O3 が取り込まれ、Cr2 O3 含有量が5重量%を超える非金属介在物が生成した。この介在物も、表面疵の発生原因となった。
【0016】
ヒートNo.13〜15では、溶湯成分としてのAl含有量が0.003重量%以下、取鍋の内張り耐火物に含まれているCr2 O3 が2重量%以下であっても、鋳造温度に依存せず、前チャージでAl含有量が0.010重量%を超える溶鋼の酸化精錬に使用した取鍋を使用してFe−Ni合金を溶製したものでは、Al2 O3 含有量が40重量%を超える非金属介在物が生成した。これらヒートNo.13〜15から得られた冷延板にも、介在物起因の表面疵が発生していた。
ヒートNo.16〜19では、溶湯成分としてのAl含有量が0.003重量%以下で取鍋の内張耐火物に含まれているCr2 O3 が2重量%以下,前チャージでAl含有量が0.010重量%以下の溶鋼の精錬に使用した取鍋を使用してFe−Ni合金を溶製した。しかし、鋳造温度が1475℃以下となったヒートでは、粒径約100μmの大型介在物が観察された。これらのヒートから得られた冷延板にも、介在物起因の表面疵が発生していた。
【0017】
【0018】
他方、内張り耐火物に含まれているCr2 O3 が2重量%以下で、前チャージでAl含有量0.010重量%以下の溶鋼の精錬に使用した取鍋を使用してAl含有量が0.003重量%以下で且つSi含有量をAl含有量で除した値を10以上としたFe−Ni合金を鋳造温度1475℃以上で溶製した場合、表2に示されるように、得られたスラブに観察される非金属介在物のAl2 O3 含有量が40重量%以下になっており、しかも粒径約10μmの単体で存在するMn−シリケート系の介在物であった。この介在物組成では熱間圧延により介在物が粘性変形し、更に冷間圧延によって微細に分散するため、冷延板段階での介在物は2μm程度以下であった。そのため、介在物に起因した表面疵は皆無となった。
最終板厚まで冷延して得られた冷延板を洗浄し、フォトレジストを塗布し露光した後、塩化第二鉄でエッチングし、ピッチ0.38mmの円状開孔をもつ14インチ用のシャドウマスクを製造した。形成された開孔の形状を目視観察し、全体にわたって開孔が均一に形成されているか否かを判定した。判定結果をエッチング穿孔不良率として表2に示すように、介在物起因のエッチング穿孔不良は全く検出されなかった。
また、各種製造条件が表面疵発生に及ぼす影響は、液相線温度が異なる36重量%Ni以外のFe−Ni合金においても同様な関係にあることが確認された。
【0019】
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明においては、Cr2O3含有量2重量%以下の耐火物でライニングされ且つ前チャージでAl含有量0.010重量%以下の溶鋼の精錬に使用された容器を使用して脱酸精錬し、含有されるMn,Si,Al等を成分調整した溶鋼を鋳造する際に、鋳造温度を当該溶鋼の液相線温度+25℃以上に設定することにより、大型介在物の浮上分離を促進させ、鋳型への持込みを抑制している。その結果、非金属介在物中のAl2O3及びCr2O3含有量を定められた範囲に制御することができ、非金属介在物を伸延し易いMn−シリケート系に改質することができる。そして、スラブ等の鋼塊に残存する非金属介在物は、熱延工程で伸延され、冷延工程で微細な介在物となる。
したがって、表面疵がなく、磁性材料,シャドウマスク,リードフレーム等の高機能材料として使用される可能な冷延板が得られる。得られた冷延板は、特にエッチング穿孔性が良好であることから、高精細用のシャドウマスク材料として好適に使用される。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing an Fe—Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet having a good surface property and no defective etching perforation at low cost.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fe-Ni alloys containing 30 to 50% by weight of Ni are used as various functional materials including magnetic materials, lead frames, shadow masks and the like. In general, an Fe—Ni alloy is processed into a cold-rolled plate having a product plate thickness of several hundred to several tens of μm depending on the application. Therefore, if hard non-metallic inclusions exist in the material, linear surface defects caused by non-metallic inclusions are likely to occur during processing such as rolling. In particular, when nonmetallic inclusions are present in the form of a cluster in the state of a steel ingot, surface flaws extending from several tens of centimeters to several tens of meters along the rolling direction may occur during cold rolling. If coarse inclusions are present even if not hard, they may lead to blisters on the cold-rolled sheet. As a result, the product yield is significantly reduced.
[0003]
Fe-Ni alloys, even Al during refining is not included in the trace, spinel alumina rigid such MgO · Al 2 O 3 and Mn · Al 2 O 3 containing Al 2 O 3 of about 60 wt% It is easy to produce inclusions. This kind of inclusion is easy to aggregate and is observed as a so-called cluster-like inclusion. Furthermore, when manufacturing a shadow mask material from a cold-rolled sheet, inclusions adversely affect the etching perforation property, resulting in a significant decrease in yield.
When manufacturing cold-rolled plates used for magnetic materials, lead frames, shadow masks, etc. from Fe-Ni alloys having such disadvantages, it is possible to cause surface flaws on the cold-rolled plates and greatly reduce the etching yield. It is necessary to remove the inclusions as much as possible.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to remove inclusions, special equipment such as a vacuum induction furnace capable of compensating the temperature of the molten metal is used to ensure sufficient floating time of inclusions. However, in the present situation where the demand for Fe—Ni alloys is increasing, a manufacturing method using dedicated equipment such as a high-frequency induction furnace is low in productivity and cannot take a quantitative measure. Further, the manufactured Fe—Ni alloy is also expensive. Therefore, in order to eliminate the disadvantages in productivity and cost and improve the product yield, a manufacturing method using a mass production facility similar to the case of manufacturing conventional steel products is required.
For the lining refractory used in the refining process of mass production facilities, MgO · Cr 2 O 3 magcro bricks containing about 30 wt% Cr 2 O 3 are usually used. In general, Fe—Ni alloys are steel types that require high cleanliness, and therefore are refined with high slag basicity. As a result, the refractory melts more. Even if the basicity of the slag is set to the same level as that of ordinary molten steel, in the refining of the Fe—Ni alloy, the refractory has a large melting loss, and Cr 2 O 3 inclusions are inevitably mixed in the molten metal.
[0005]
Cr 2 O 3 inclusions are hard inclusions and grow to a size of about 30 μm even if they are small in the cast state. Easily remain. The remaining Cr 2 O 3 inclusions cause surface flaws on the cold rolled sheet. Furthermore, when producing a shadow mask material from a cold-rolled sheet, Cr 2 O 3 inclusions significantly impair etching piercing properties and cause etching defects.
On the other hand, in the casting process, the injection flow at the time of casting is sealed with an inert gas such as Ar, and the O 2 concentration in the gas in contact with the molten metal is set as low as possible to prevent reoxidation. . However, it is not industrially easy to completely prevent reoxidation, and a large equipment cost is required. When the molten metal is re-oxidized, inclusions are easily generated again, and re-oxidation may generate large inclusions having a particle size exceeding several tens of μm. If large inclusions remain from the ingot to the slab, swollen wrinkles are likely to occur during rolling. Furthermore, when manufacturing a shadow mask material from a cold-rolled sheet, large inclusions significantly hinder etching piercing properties and cause etching defects.
The present invention has been devised to solve such a problem, and a container such as a ladle lined with a refractory having a Cr 2 O 3 content of 2% by weight or less is used in the deoxidation refining process. An object of the present invention is to provide a Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet excellent in surface properties by producing a large amount and a low cost of Fe-Ni alloy in which non-metallic inclusions that cause surface flaws are regulated at once. And
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, the method for producing a Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet according to the present invention is such that the portion in contact with the molten metal is lined with a refractory having a Cr 2 O 3 content of 2% by weight or less, and the Al content in the pre-charge. Deoxidizing and refining using a vessel used for deoxidizing and refining 0.010% by weight or less of molten steel, Ni: 30 to 50% by weight, Cr: 1.5% by weight or less, Mn: 0.1 to 0 .5 wt%, Si: 0.02 to 0.3 wt%, Al: 0.003% by weight or less, and between the Al content and the Si content (Si%) / (Al%) ≧ 10 The molten steel whose components are adjusted so as to satisfy the above relationship is cast at a temperature that is 25 ° C. or more higher than the liquidus temperature of the molten steel.
[0007]
Hereinafter, alloy components and contents contained in the Fe—Ni alloy of the present invention will be described.
Ni: 30 to 50% by weight
The thermal expansion coefficient decreases in the range of 30 to 50% by weight, which is an alloy element that greatly affects the thermal expansion coefficient of the Fe—Ni alloy. If the Ni content is less than 30% by weight, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases. Conversely, even if it exceeds 50% by weight, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases. If a cold-rolled sheet made of an Fe—Ni alloy having a high thermal expansion coefficient is used as a shadow mask, defects such as color misregistration occur.
Cr: 1.5% by weight or less This affects the thermal expansion coefficient of the Fe-Ni alloy. If a large amount of Cr exceeding 1.5% by weight is included, the thermal expansion coefficient becomes too high and the value as a product is lost. .
[0008]
Mn: 0.1 to 0.5% by weight
It exhibits the effect of making inclusions easy to distract, that is, Mn-silicate inclusions. Such an effect of adding Mn becomes remarkable at a content of 0.1% by weight or more. However, when a large amount of Mn exceeding 0.5% by weight is contained, the hardness of the alloy plate becomes excessively high and becomes unsuitable for use as a shadow mask, for example.
Si: 0.02 to 0.3% by weight
Although it is an element added as a deoxidizer, the deoxidation effect is small when the Si content is less than 0.02% by weight. At this time, if the Fe—Ni alloy contains Cr, if the deoxidation is insufficient, Cr 2 O 3 inclusions are likely to be generated, which causes surface flaws on the cold-rolled sheet. Further, when manufacturing as a shadow mask material, etching perforation defects are likely to occur. However, when a large amount of Si exceeding 0.3% by weight is contained, the etching solution becomes dirty at the time of etching drilling when the shadow mask material is manufactured, and productivity is lowered. In addition, since the hardness of the Fe—Ni alloy increases, it is not suitable for use as a lead frame or a shadow mask material.
[0009]
Al: 0.003% by weight or less Al is an element added as a deoxidizer. If the Al content exceeds 0.003% by weight, cluster-like spinel-type alumina inclusions are likely to be formed, Cause the occurrence of Moreover, when manufacturing as a shadow mask material, etching perforation defects are caused. Therefore, in the Fe—Ni alloy of the present invention, the upper limit of the Al content is regulated to 0.003% by weight.
Even if the Al content is 0.003% by weight or less, the inclusions produced may have an Al 2 O 3 content of more than 40% by weight. If it becomes the composition of such an inclusion, it will become a cause of wrinkle generation | occurrence | production of a cold-rolled sheet and etching perforation defect as mentioned later. In order to prevent these defects, it is indispensable to add Si content according to Al content. Specifically, it is preferable to design the alloy so that a value obtained by dividing the Si content by the Al content (Si%) / (Al%) is 10 or more.
[0010]
Nonmetallic inclusions: Cr 2 O 3 5 wt% or less, Al 2 O 3 40 wt% or less When the Fe—Ni alloy contains nonmetallic inclusions with a Cr 2 O 3 content of 5 wt% or more, The form of inclusions hardly changes in the temperature range of hot rolling that is usually performed. As a result, when cold-rolling to a thickness of several tens to several hundreds of μm, this non-metallic inclusion causes wrinkles on the surface of the plate and causes etching perforation defects. The Cr 2 O 3 content in the non-metallic inclusions regulates the content of Si and Al in the Fe—Ni alloy, and the material of the lining refractory for containers such as ladle used for deoxidation refining Controlled by selecting In this respect, it is effective to make the amount of Cr 2 O 3 contained in the lining refractory 2% by weight or less. With refractory material in the amount of Cr 2 O 3 of more than 2 wt% included, it tends often Cr 2 O 3 incorporated into the non-metallic inclusions.
Further, when non-metallic inclusions having an Al 2 O 3 content exceeding 40% by weight are dispersed in the Fe—Ni alloy, the non-metallic inclusions do not undergo viscous deformation in the hot rolling temperature range, and JIS It becomes the inclusion of B system and C system specified in the above. In this case as well, the inclusions cause surface flaws on the cold-rolled plate, causing defective etching perforations. The content of Al 2 O 3 in the non-metallic inclusions regulates the content of Si and Al in the Fe—Ni alloy in the same manner as the Cr 2 O 3 content, and a container such as a ladle used for refining. It is controlled by regulating the amount of Al 2 O 3 adhering to the lining refractory. The degree of the attached Al 2 O 3 amount can be grasped from the Al content in the molten steel refined by the pre-charge when deoxidizing and refining. In this respect, it is necessary to make the Al content in the precharged molten steel 0.010% by weight or less.
[0011]
Al content of molten steel in pre-charge: 0.010% by weight or less Industrially, it is necessary to melt the Fe-Ni alloy without limiting the melting time while melting various steels. However, some steel types actively add Al. As a result, Al 2 O 3 generated when Al is added easily adheres to the refractory in the molten metal container. When refining using such a molten metal container, the adhering Al 2 O 3 is once reduced to metal by the deoxidizer, transferred to the molten metal as Al, and further the inclusions and Al in the molten metal react to form a spinel type Alumina inclusions are easily generated. For this reason, in order to avoid adverse effects caused by alumina inclusions, an Fe-Ni alloy is used by using a molten metal container after refining molten steel having an Al content of 0.010% by weight or less by pre-charge. Melt.
[0012]
Casting temperature: 25 ° C or more higher than the liquidus temperature. To remove large inclusions, sufficient temperature compensation is required, but the casting time takes a long time in mass production facilities, and it is considerable at the end of casting. A temperature drop occurs. As a result, the increase in the viscosity of the molten metal in response to the temperature decrease causes the large inclusions to be brought into the mold without being completely lifted, and finally tends to remain in the ingot or slab. The remaining inclusions cause surface defects during etching and poor etching perforations. Therefore, the casting temperature is set to a temperature 25 ° C. or higher than the liquidus temperature of the alloy to promote the floating separation of inclusions and suppress the carry-in to the mold.
[0013]
【Example】
About 80 tons of molten Fe—Ni alloy having a Ni content of 36% by weight was melted in an electric furnace, and then the molten metal was charged into the top-bottom blowing converter, and impurities such as Cr and P were removed by oxidation refining. After refining, it was degassed, and the resulting molten metal was transferred to a ladle and charged into a vacuum degassing refining furnace. At this time, in order to investigate the influence of the refractory lining the ladle, a ladle lined with MgO-based refractories and CaO-based refractories having different Cr 2 O 3 contents was used. Moreover, in order to investigate the influence which Al content of the steel refined by the pre-charge has on the refining of the Fe—Ni alloy, molten steels having different Al contents were refined by the pre-charge.
In the smelting furnace, the content of Mn was 0.3% by weight, and Si and Al were added and deoxidized so as to obtain various contents. Thereafter, the slab obtained by changing the casting temperature was hot-rolled at an extraction temperature of 1200 ° C., and a cold-rolled sheet having a thickness of 0.2 mm was manufactured through cold rolling and annealing. About the obtained cold-rolled sheet, the presence or absence of surface flaw generation and the form of inclusions were investigated. The liquidus temperature of this alloy was 1450 ° C.
[0014]
As can be seen in Table 1 showing the survey results, the Si and Al contents in the Fe-Ni alloy, the lining refractory composition, the Al content in the molten steel refined by pre-charging, the casting temperature and the occurrence of surface defects It can be seen that there is a clear correlation between the two.
That is, as shown in heat No. 1 to 5, a ladle lining with a refractory of MgO type or CaO type that hardly contains Cr 2 O 3 in the lining refractory and having little slag adhering to the lining refractory When the Al content exceeds 0.003% by weight, inclusions in which the Al 2 O 3 content is more than 40% by weight are observed regardless of the Si content and the casting temperature. There were more cases. All of the cold-rolled plates obtained from the heat Nos. 1 to 5 had surface defects due to inclusions that were unacceptable as a product.
[0015]
Even if the Al content is 0.003% by weight or less and the casting temperature is 1475 ° C. or higher (liquidus temperature 1450 ° C. + 25 ° C.), if the Si content is less than 0.02 wt%, heat No. 6 to 9, Cr 2 O 3 produced during oxidative refining is brought in and the amount of the deoxidizer is not sufficient, so that it is not modified, and the content of Cr 2 O 3 is about 20 to 40% by weight. Inclusions were formed. In these heat Nos. 6 to 9, surface defects due to inclusions were observed on the cold-rolled sheet.
Even when the Al content is 0.003% by weight or less and the casting temperature is 1475 ° C. or higher, as seen in heat Nos. 10 to 12, Cr 2 O 3 contained in the refractory lining the ladle is If it exceeds 2% by weight, Cr 2 O 3 was taken into the inclusions in the molten metal due to the eluted refractory, and non-metallic inclusions with a Cr 2 O 3 content exceeding 5% by weight were produced. This inclusion also caused surface defects.
[0016]
In heat Nos. 13-15, even if the Al content as the molten metal component is 0.003% by weight or less and the Cr 2 O 3 contained in the refractory lining the ladle is 2% by weight or less, the casting temperature In the case where the Fe—Ni alloy was melted using the ladle used for the oxidation refining of the molten steel whose Al content exceeds 0.010 wt% in the pre-charge, the Al 2 O 3 content is Over 40% by weight of non-metallic inclusions were produced. Also on the cold-rolled sheets obtained from these heat Nos. 13 to 15, surface defects due to inclusions were generated.
In Heat Nos. 16-19, the Al content as the molten metal component is 0.003% by weight or less, and Cr 2 O 3 contained in the refractory lining of the ladle is 2% by weight or less. An Fe—Ni alloy was melted by using a ladle used for refining molten steel having an amount of 0.010 wt% or less. However, large inclusions having a particle size of about 100 μm were observed in the heat at a casting temperature of 1475 ° C. or lower. Also on the cold-rolled sheet obtained from these heats, surface defects due to inclusions were generated.
[0017]
[0018]
On the other hand, using a ladle used for refining molten steel whose Cr 2 O 3 contained in the lining refractory is 2% by weight or less and Al content is 0.010% by weight or less in the previous charge, the Al content is As shown in Table 2, when an Fe—Ni alloy having a value of 0.003% by weight or less and a value obtained by dividing the Si content by the Al content is 10 or more is melted at a casting temperature of 1475 ° C. or more, as shown in Table 2. The Al 2 O 3 content of the non-metallic inclusions observed in the slab was 40% by weight or less, and it was a Mn-silicate-based inclusion having a particle size of about 10 μm. In this inclusion composition, the inclusions were viscously deformed by hot rolling and further finely dispersed by cold rolling, so the inclusions at the cold-rolled plate stage were about 2 μm or less. Therefore, there were no surface defects caused by inclusions.
The cold-rolled sheet obtained by cold-rolling to the final sheet thickness is washed, coated with a photoresist, exposed, etched with ferric chloride, and used for 14 inches having circular openings with a pitch of 0.38 mm. A shadow mask was manufactured. The shape of the formed aperture was visually observed to determine whether the aperture was uniformly formed throughout. As shown in Table 2 as the etching perforation failure rate as the determination result, no etching perforation failure due to inclusions was detected.
Moreover, it was confirmed that the influence which various manufacturing conditions have on surface flaw generation has the same relationship also in Fe-Ni alloys other than 36 weight% Ni from which liquidus temperature differs.
[0019]
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, a container lined with a refractory having a Cr 2 O 3 content of 2% by weight or less and used for refining molten steel having an Al content of 0.010% by weight or less in a pre-charge. When casting molten steel with components adjusted to contain Mn, Si, Al, etc., which is deoxidized and refined using a steel, the casting temperature is set to the liquidus temperature of the molten steel + 25 ° C. It promotes the floating separation of objects and suppresses them from being brought into the mold. As a result, the content of Al 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 in the nonmetallic inclusions can be controlled within a predetermined range, and the nonmetallic inclusions can be modified into a Mn-silicate system that is easy to extend. it can. And the nonmetallic inclusions remaining in the steel ingot such as the slab are stretched in the hot rolling process and become fine inclusions in the cold rolling process.
Therefore, there can be obtained a cold-rolled plate that has no surface defects and can be used as a high-functional material such as a magnetic material, a shadow mask, and a lead frame. The obtained cold-rolled sheet is particularly suitable for use as a high-definition shadow mask material because of its good etching perforation properties.
Claims (1)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12658396A JP3816145B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 1996-04-22 | Method for producing Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet excellent in surface properties and etching perforation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7-206673 | 1995-07-20 | ||
| JP20667395 | 1995-07-20 | ||
| JP12658396A JP3816145B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 1996-04-22 | Method for producing Fe-Ni alloy cold-rolled sheet excellent in surface properties and etching perforation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JPH0987813A JPH0987813A (en) | 1997-03-31 |
| JP3816145B2 true JP3816145B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
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