JP3820277B2

JP3820277B2 - Anti-asthma from rice

Info

Publication number: JP3820277B2
Application number: JP30263594A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 孝徳山
Original assignee: Soken Co Ltd
Current assignee: Soken Co Ltd
Priority date: 1993-11-15
Filing date: 1994-11-14
Publication date: 2006-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2021-09-13
Also published as: JPH07252159A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、米または発芽させた米を原料として得られる抗ぜんそく剤に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
現在、ぜんそく発作に苦しむ人が多くいるが、その原因は、ある物質が体内に入ってきたときに、生体が過剰な免疫反応を起こし、その物質自体が原因となる場合や、原因は別にあって、これらの物質が刺激となって発作を起こすきっかけ、すなわち、誘因としてはたらいている場合がある。
これらのぜんそくを治療するために、さまざまな薬剤が開発利用されてきた。しかし、これらの薬剤には、投与による副作用や使用量、使用期間に制限の問題があり、長期に亘る服用により起こる安全性の面からも問題になっている。
【０００３】
一方、ぜんそく治療として転地療法があるが、これは一時的でそこに長く住んでいるうちに、またぜんそく発作が起こってくることが多く、必ず効果があるとはかぎらない。ぜんそくのおこるしくみは複雑で、原因も単一ではなく、多元的であり、ぜんそくの治療に対して有効で、しかも、副作用がなく安全な抗ぜんそく剤は、未だ開発されていないのが現状である。
【０００４】
一方、米は主食以外に、清酒、焼酎、みりん、酢、麹などとして用途開発され、古くから生活に欠かせないものとなっている。このほかには、美容的用途として糠袋が知られている。これらは米を単なる主食であると見るか、またはせいぜい澱粉源としてしか見ていなかったということによるものであると思われる。また、糠袋にしても、皮膚によいとされ、慣例的にそのまま使用されてきたのみであり、有効成分という概念もなければ、その有効成分を利用するという考え方も全くなかったのである。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
現在、薬剤の人体に対する副作用が問題となっており、全く副作用がなく、しかも、長期間常用しても十分に安全な抗ぜんそく剤が要求されている。
本発明は、安全で安価であり、原料供給が安定しており、容易に加工ができ、長期間常用しても全く安全な米からの抗ぜんそく剤を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、動植物合和すの観点から、主食である米を中心に種々の植物成分の研究を進めてきた。その過程で、米には今まで予測できなかった数多くの可能性および効果があることが判明してきた。そこで、主食として用いられ、安全性が最も高いことが実証されている米をテーマとして取り上げ、米の総合利用研究を行ってきた。そのうちの一つのテーマとして、米からの抗ぜんそく剤について鋭意研究を重ねてきたのであるが、その過程で、米および発芽させた米には抗ぜんそく効果を有する成分が含有されていることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００７】
本発明において、米および発芽させた米に含有されている抗ぜんそく効果を有する成分は、未だ解明するに至っていないが、米および発芽させた米を、下記のように処理したものは、抗ぜんそく効果を示すことが判明した。
▲１▼ 発芽させた米の粉砕物をそのまま、あるいはこれを含有してなるもの。
▲２▼ 米または発芽させた米の抽出物をそのまま、あるいはこれを含有してなるもの。
【０００８】
▲３▼ 米または発芽させた米の加水物を酵素分解または麹を作用させたものをそのまま、あるいはこれを含有してなるもの。
▲４▼ 米または発芽させた米を抽出するに当たり、その抽出前、抽出と同時または抽出後に酵素分解または麹を作用させたものをそのまま、あるいはこれを含有してなるもの。
▲５▼ 米または発芽させた米の抽出物あるいは酵素分解または麹を作用させたものに、アルコール発酵あるいは有機酸発酵を行なったものをそのまま、あるいはこれを含有してなるもの。
【０００９】
本発明で使用される米とは、ジャポニカ，インディカ米を問わず、うるち米、および餅米等の玄米および白米を指し、品種、種類は問わない。さらに、精白時に出てくる９２％以上の赤糠、あるいは９２％以下の白糠を使用してもよく、安価で経済的である。また、発芽させた米が使用される。なお、有効成分は、熱および光に対して安定であるため、上記の原料は、浸漬、蒸煮、焙煎（砂焙り、網焙り、熱風焙煎等全てを指す）、蒸煮焙煎、凍結乾燥等の表面変性、ＵＶ照射等の光変性、パットライス等の加圧焙煎、揚げる等の原料処理をしてもよく、また、効果も変わらなかった。
【００１０】
米および発芽させた米は、そのまま用いても有効であるが、実用上の面から粉砕して用いるのが好ましい。米および発芽させた米を粉砕して粉体化するには、粉砕機または精米機を用い一般的な方法で行なえばよい。
米を発芽させる場合、胚芽のついた米を水に浸漬あるいは水を噴霧して発芽させる。発芽させる時の温度は５〜７０℃である。ただし、発芽さえすれば、温度および時間は問わない。また、発芽中に水が腐敗する危険性がある場合は、腐敗しないように水を取り替えるか、何らかの防腐を行うのが好ましい。ここで、発芽とは、発芽する直前から発芽したものまで全てを指す。この発芽させた米を良く洗浄して用いる。この時、乾燥して用いてもよい。
【００１１】
米または発芽させた米を抽出、あるいは酵素分解または麹を作用させる場合、原料の米を粉砕して顆粒あるいは粉体化すると、表面積が大きくなるため効率がよくなる。粉砕しなくてもよいが、この場合には、米組織の分解および抽出に長時間を要する。
【００１２】
米または発芽させた米を水抽出する場合、抽出温度は、高温が効率的であるが、低温でも十分に抽出を行うことができる。ただし、４０℃以下の低温の場合は、ｐＨを酸性あるいはアルカリ性にするか、防腐剤あるいはアルコールを加えて、米が腐敗しないように処理することが望ましい。抽出時間は、有効成分さえ抽出できれば、長くても短くてもよく、抽出温度により定めればよい。また、抽出は、加圧下または常圧下で行っても、減圧下で行ってもよい。
【００１３】
水抽出の場合、最も問題になるのは糊化現象である。糊状になれば、抽出効率が悪くなるばかりでなく、実作業においては困難を極める。これを防ぐためには、アミラーゼを加えて反応させるか、塩酸などで酸性にして澱粉を切ってやればよく、この方法を用いることにより、十分に解決でき、実用上も全く問題はない。
【００１４】
抽出物中の有効成分は、酸，アルカリに安定であるためか、酸分解抽出あるいはアルカリ分解抽出を行うのも有効である。この場合、必要により中和、脱塩を行う。
有機溶媒で抽出する場合も、米はなるべく微粉砕または粉体化して抽出することが望ましい。有機溶媒はアルコール，アセトン，ｎ−ヘキサン，メタノール等の一般的な有機溶媒でよいが、人体に対して有害なものは抽出後、溶媒を完全に除去する必要があるので安全なものがよい。
【００１５】
また、米あるいは発芽させた米を酵素分解、または麹を作用させてもよい。ここで言う酵素分解とは、澱粉分解酵素，蛋白分解酵素，脂肪分解酵素，繊維分解酵素，リグニン分解酵素，ペクチン分解酵素等米に働く酵素全てを指し、これらを１種または２種以上作用させることをいう。また、麹とは麹菌の種類および米の品種，種類は問わない。
さらに、前記の抽出を行うに当り、抽出の前，抽出と同時または抽出の後に、上記の酵素分解および麹を作用させてもよい。
【００１６】
本発明においては、さらに上記の処理を行なうと同時または処理後、アルコール発酵あるいは乳酸発酵、酢酸発酵等の有機酸発酵を行うと、次のような点でも有効である。
まず、アルコール発酵を行なえば、濃縮がしやすく、有効成分の濃縮が容易になる。また、乳酸発酵は飲料等の用途に使用する場合、風味をよくし、酢酸発酵は酢という調味液用途として本発明品を利用することができ、有機酸発酵することにより幅広い用途として使用することができる。
【００１７】
また、９２％以上の赤糠部分を調べてみたところ、効果はあるが、弱いことが判明した。
以上のようにして得られた本発明品は、残渣を分離することなくそのまま、あるいは圧搾、濾過して用いればよい。
以下、具体的に本発明品の抗ぜんそく剤としての効果を調べた結果について記載する。
【００１８】
（１）気管支ぜんそくモデル実験
体重約３００ｇのモルモットに、卵白アルブミンを百日咳死菌浮遊液に溶解したものを皮下注射して感作し、感作１４日目に実験に供した。
感作モルモットを麻酔後、側枝を有する気管カニューレを挿入し、人工呼吸器に連結した。ガラミン（Ｇａｌｌａｍｉｎｅ）の静注によりモルモットを不動化させ、７２回／分、送気量１０ｍｌ、排気量６ｍｌの条件で人工呼吸を行った。気道抵抗が一定に安定したことを確認した時点で、抗原（卵白アルブミン）を静注し、ぜんそく様発作を誘発した。すなわち、抗原抗体反応により気管支平滑筋が収縮した際、肺の換気容積が減少するが、その減少した分だけ、オーバーフローの量が増加する。このオーバーフローの増加より、気道抵抗の増大を測定した。
【００１９】
測定に際し、各本発明品は、抗原（卵白アルブミン）を静注する１時間前に経口投与し、対照（水投与）の気道抵抗値を０（％）とした場合の各本発明品投与における気道抵抗値を抑制率（％）として表した。その結果を表１に示した。
【００２０】
【表１】

【００２１】
表１で示すように、本発明品は、明らかに本実験において、気管支ぜんそくによる気道抵抗の増大を抑制することが分かった。
（２）ヒトでの臨床試験
気管支ぜんそく、小児ぜんそく、ぜんそく性気管支炎等で悩んでいるパネラーに本発明品をネブライザーで朝晩２回噴霧してもらい、１年間の経過を診断し、本発明品の有効性を判断した。その結果を表２に記載した。
なお、実施例１で得られた本発明品においては、１．０ｇを飲み薬の要領で飲用してもらった。また、対照には水を用いた。
【００２２】
【表２】

【００２３】
表２から分かるように、本発明品には全てぜんそくに対する効果があることが判明した。今回のパネラーにおいては、テオフィリン系薬、携帯用ネブライザー、抗アレルギー剤等を用いて発作をおさえている人もいたが、本発明品を飲用することにより、上記のものを飲用しなくても発作が防止できるばかりか、以後発作が起きない人もいた。また、飲用の中止をしなければならない人は１人もいなかった。
【００２４】
ぜんそくはなんの前ぶれもなく起こり、突然喘鳴と呼吸困難が起こり始めるものである。ときには、せきのため呼吸困難がいっそうひどくなり、突然意識を失うことさえあるものである。
本発明品は、副作用もなく全く安全なものであり、ぜんそくを悩んでいる人にとって画期的な発明であるといえる。
なお、実施例およびそれに伴うデータは、玄米の場合について記載したが、白米および９２％以下の白糠の場合も同様の効果が認められた。
【００２５】
【実施例】
（実施例１）
胚芽のついたままの米１ｋｇを２５℃の水につけ、３日間浸漬させ、米を発芽させた。この発芽米をよく洗浄した後，５０℃で２４時間乾燥し、その後、細かく微粉砕し、本発明品９９０ｇを得た。
（実施例２）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に水１５００ｍｌを添加、塩酸でｐＨを落とし１０日間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、得た清澄液を中和して、本発明品１２００ｍｌと残渣７６０ｇを得た。
【００２６】
（実施例３）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例３と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１１９０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例４）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に液化酵素１０ｇと水１５００ｍｌを添加した。その後、徐々に温度を上げていき、５分間煮沸抽出した後、冷却した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１４２０ｍｌと残渣５６０ｇを得た。
【００２７】
（実施例５）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例４と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例６）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に２Ｎ−ＮａＯＨ１５００ｍｌを添加して５日間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、清澄液１３５０ｍｌと残渣６５０ｇを得た。この清澄液を１０Ｎ−ＨＣｌで中和して、本発明品１４８０ｍｌを得た。
【００２８】
（実施例７）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例６と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４９０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例８）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に９５％エタノール１５００ｍｌを添加して、５日間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、清澄液１３００ｍｌと残渣６５０ｇを得た。この清澄液に水２０００ｍｌを添加し、ロータリーエバプレーターで濃縮し、本発明品１５００ｍｌを得た。
【００２９】
（実施例９）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例８と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１５００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例１０）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に麹３００ｇ、水１５００ｍｌを加え、５５℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１２３０ｍｌと残渣１０００ｇを得た。
【００３０】
（実施例１１）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例１０と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１２１０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例１２）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に蛋白分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５０℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１３１０ｍｌと残渣６７０ｇを得た。
【００３１】
（実施例１３）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例１２と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３８０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例１４）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に脂肪分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５０℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１２９０ｍｌと残渣６８０ｇを得た。
【００３２】
（実施例１５）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例１４と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３６０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例１６）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に繊維分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５０℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１３３０ｍｌと残渣６５０ｇを得た。
【００３３】
（実施例１７）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例１６と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３７０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例１８）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に澱粉分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５５℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１３８０ｍｌと残渣６００ｇを得た。
【００３４】
（実施例１９）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例１８と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例２０）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物にペクチン分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５０℃で２０時間放置した、その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１３２０ｍｌと残渣６６０ｇを得た。
【００３５】
（実施例２１）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例２０と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例２２）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に蛋白分解酵素２ｇ，脂肪分解酵素２ｇ，繊維分解酵素２ｇ，澱粉分解酵素２ｇ，ペクチン分解酵素２ｇと水１５００ｍｌを加え、５０℃で２０時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１４２０ｍｌと残渣５６０ｇを得た。
【００３６】
（実施例２３）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例２２と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４４０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例２４）
実施例２２と同様の操作をして、米の酵素分解物２０００ｇを得た。その後、徐々に温度を上げていき、５分間煮沸抽出した後、冷却した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１４００ｍｌと残渣５５０ｇを得た。
【００３７】
（実施例２５）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例２４と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４２０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例２６）
玄米を粉砕機にかけ、玄米の粉砕物５００ｇを得た。この粉砕物に麹３００ｇと４０％エタノール１５００ｍｌを加え、５５℃で４８時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、清澄液１３００ｍｌと残渣８５０ｇを得た。その後、清澄液に１０００ｍｌの水を加水し、ロータリーエバプレーターで濃縮し、本発明品１３００ｍｌを得た。
【００３８】
（実施例２７）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例２６と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例２８）
実施例４と同様にして、米の抽出物２０００ｇを得た。この抽出物に蛋白分解酵素２ｇ，脂肪分解酵素２ｇ，繊維分解酵素２ｇ，澱粉分解酵素２ｇ，ペクチン分解酵素２ｇを添加し、５０℃で２４時間放置した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１４００ｍｌと残渣５２０ｇを得た。
【００３９】
（実施例２９）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例２８と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１３９０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例３０）
実施例２４と同様にして、米の酵素分解抽出物２０００ｇを得た。この酵素分解抽出物に酵母を添加し、１６日間アルコール発酵した。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１８８０ｍｌと残渣８０ｇを得た。
【００４０】
（実施例３１）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例３０と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１８００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例３２）
実施例２４と同様にして、米の酵素分解抽出物２０００ｇを得た。この酵素分解抽出物を煮沸殺菌した後、３７℃まで冷却し、前もって乳酸菌を培養したスターター２００ｍｌを添加後、よく攪拌密閉し、３７℃で２日間乳酸発酵を行った。その後、絞り機で絞り、本発明品１３８０ｍｌと残渣５９０ｇを得た。
【００４１】
（実施例３３）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例３２と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１４００ｍｌを得た。
（実施例３４）
実施例２４で得られた本発明品１０００ｍｌに９５％エタノール８０ｍｌを添加し、２０日間酢酸発酵を行った。その後、濾過をし、本発明品９９０ｍｌを得た。
（実施例３５）
実施例１で得られた本発明品５００ｇを用いて、実施例３４と同様の操作を行い、別の本発明品１０００ｍｌを得た。
【００４２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、米を原料として簡単に、全て安全で、しかも、ぜんそくに対して非常に優れた効果を持つ抗ぜんそく剤が提供される。
米は今まで主食であったため、食以外の新規な分野での製法、利用用途はほとんど開発されていなかった。本発明は、非常に優れた効果を持つ抗ぜんそく剤を見出したばかりでなく、米の過剰生産といわれている現在、新たな利用用途を見出したこと、および米のイメージアップによる消費拡大を図り得ることは、極めて有意義なことである。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an anti-asthma agent obtained from rice or germinated rice as a raw material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, many people suffer from asthma attacks, but the cause is that when a substance enters the body, the body causes an excessive immune response, and the substance itself is the cause, or the cause is different. In some cases, these substances stimulate the seizures, that is, act as incentives.
Various drugs have been developed and used to treat these asthma. However, these drugs have problems such as side effects due to administration, amount of use, and limitation of use period, and are also problematic from the aspect of safety caused by long-term use.
[0003]
On the other hand, there is a transfer therapy as an asthma treatment, but this is temporary, and asthma attacks often occur while living there for a long time, so it is not always effective. The mechanism of asthma is complex, the cause is not single, multiple, effective for the treatment of asthma, and there are no side effects and safe anti-asthma agents have not yet been developed. is there.
[0004]
Rice, on the other hand, has been developed for sake, shochu, mirin, vinegar, koji, etc. in addition to staple foods, and has been indispensable for daily life. In addition, a bag is known as a cosmetic use. These may be due to seeing rice as a staple food, or at best only as a source of starch. Moreover, even if it is a bag, it is said that it is good for skin, and it has been used conventionally as it is, and there was no concept of an active ingredient, and there was no idea of using the active ingredient at all.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Currently, side effects of drugs on the human body have become a problem, and there is a demand for anti-asthma agents that have no side effects at all and that are sufficiently safe even after regular use over a long period of time.
An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-asthma agent from rice that is safe and inexpensive, has a stable raw material supply, can be easily processed, and is completely safe even after regular use over a long period of time. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have been researching various plant components, mainly rice, which is a staple food, from the viewpoint of combining plants and animals. In the process, it has been found that rice has many possibilities and benefits that could not have been predicted before. Therefore, we have taken up the theme of rice, which is used as a staple food and has proven to be the safest, and has conducted comprehensive rice research. As one of the themes, we have conducted extensive research on anti-asthma drugs from rice. In the process, we found that rice and germinated rice contain ingredients that have anti-asthma effects. The present invention has been completed.
[0007]
In the present invention, the ingredients having anti-asthmatic effect contained in rice and germinated rice have not yet been elucidated, but the following treatment of rice and germinated rice is as anti-asthma. It turned out to be effective.
(1) A rice pulverized rice as it is or containing it.
(2) Rice or germinated rice extract as it is or containing it.
[0008]
(3) Rice or sprouted rice hydrolyzate that has been subjected to enzymatic degradation or koji action, or that contains this.
{Circle around (4)} Extracting rice or germinated rice as it is, or containing it, that has been subjected to enzymatic degradation or koji before, simultaneously with or after extraction.
(5) Rice or germinated rice extract or enzyme-decomposed or rice bran that is subjected to alcoholic fermentation or organic acid fermentation as it is or contains it.
[0009]
The rice used in the present invention refers to brown rice and white rice such as glutinous rice and glutinous rice, regardless of japonica and indica rice, regardless of the variety and type. Furthermore, it is possible to use 92% or more of red cocoon that appears during whitening, or 92% or less of white cocoon, which is inexpensive and economical. In addition, germinated rice is used. In addition, since the active ingredient is stable to heat and light, the above-mentioned raw materials are dipping, steaming, roasting (pointing to all of sand roasting, net roasting, hot air roasting, etc.), steaming roasting, freeze drying Material treatment such as surface modification such as UV irradiation, photo modification such as UV irradiation, pressure roasting such as Patrice, frying, etc., and the effect was not changed.
[0010]
Rice and germinated rice are effective when used as they are, but are preferably pulverized for practical use. In order to pulverize rice and germinated rice into powder, a general method may be used using a pulverizer or a rice mill.
When germinating rice, the germinated rice is immersed in water or sprayed with water. The temperature at the time of germination is 5-70 degreeC. However, the temperature and time are not limited as long as germination occurs. In addition, when there is a risk of water rot during germination, it is preferable to replace the water so that it does not rot or to perform some preservative. Here, germination refers to everything from just before germination to germination. The germinated rice is washed thoroughly before use. At this time, you may dry and use.
[0011]
When rice or germinated rice is extracted or subjected to enzymatic degradation or koji, if the raw rice is pulverized into granules or powders, the surface area increases and efficiency increases. Although it is not necessary to grind, in this case, it takes a long time to decompose and extract the rice tissue.
[0012]
When rice or germinated rice is extracted with water, a high extraction temperature is efficient, but sufficient extraction can be performed even at a low temperature. However, in the case of a low temperature of 40 ° C. or lower, it is desirable that the pH is made acidic or alkaline, or a preservative or alcohol is added to prevent the rice from being spoiled. The extraction time may be long or short as long as the active ingredient can be extracted, and may be determined by the extraction temperature. The extraction may be performed under pressure, normal pressure, or reduced pressure.
[0013]
In the case of water extraction, the most serious problem is the gelatinization phenomenon. If it becomes paste-like, not only extraction efficiency will worsen but it will be extremely difficult in actual work. In order to prevent this, the reaction may be performed by adding amylase or acidifying with hydrochloric acid or the like to cut the starch. By using this method, the problem can be solved sufficiently and there is no problem in practical use.
[0014]
It is also effective to perform acid decomposition extraction or alkali decomposition extraction because the active ingredient in the extract is stable to acid and alkali. In this case, neutralization and desalting are performed as necessary.
Also when extracting with an organic solvent, it is desirable to extract rice by pulverizing or pulverizing it as much as possible. The organic solvent may be a common organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone, n-hexane, methanol or the like, but those which are harmful to the human body are preferably safe because the solvent needs to be completely removed after extraction.
[0015]
In addition, rice or germinated rice may be subjected to enzymatic degradation, or koji. Enzymatic degradation as used herein refers to all enzymes that act on rice, such as starch degrading enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes, fiber degrading enzymes, lignin degrading enzymes, pectin degrading enzymes, and one or more of these act on them. That means. In addition, koji is not limited to the type of koji mold and the variety and type of rice.
Furthermore, in performing the above-described extraction, the above-described enzymatic degradation and soot may be allowed to act before, simultaneously with or after the extraction.
[0016]
In the present invention, when the above-described treatment is further performed, or when the organic acid fermentation such as alcohol fermentation, lactic acid fermentation, or acetic acid fermentation is performed simultaneously or after the treatment, the following points are also effective.
First, if alcoholic fermentation is performed, concentration is easy and concentration of active ingredients becomes easy. In addition, when lactic acid fermentation is used for beverages, etc., the flavor is improved, and acetic acid fermentation can be used as a seasoning liquid application of vinegar, and can be used as a wide range of applications by organic acid fermentation. Can do.
[0017]
In addition, when the red cocoon portion of 92% or more was examined, it was found that although there was an effect, it was weak.
The product of the present invention obtained as described above may be used as it is or after being squeezed and filtered without separating the residue.
Hereinafter, the results of examining the effect of the product of the present invention as an anti-asthma agent will be described.
[0018]
(1) Bronchial Asthma Model Experiment A guinea pig having a body weight of about 300 g was sensitized by subcutaneously injecting ovalbumin dissolved in a pertussis suspension and subjected to an experiment on the 14th day of sensitization.
After anesthetizing the sensitized guinea pig, a tracheal cannula with side branches was inserted and connected to a ventilator. Guinea pigs were immobilized by intravenous injection of gallamine, and artificial respiration was performed under the conditions of 72 times / minute, air supply amount 10 ml, and exhaust amount 6 ml. When it was confirmed that the airway resistance was stably stabilized, an antigen (ovalbumin) was intravenously injected to induce an asthmatic attack. That is, when bronchial smooth muscle contracts due to an antigen-antibody reaction, the lung ventilation volume decreases, but the amount of overflow increases by the decreased amount. From this increase in overflow, an increase in airway resistance was measured.
[0019]
In the measurement, each product of the present invention is orally administered 1 hour before intravenous administration of the antigen (ovalbumin), and the airway resistance value of the control (water administration) is 0 (%). The airway resistance value was expressed as the inhibition rate (%). The results are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
[Table 1]

[0021]
As shown in Table 1, the product of the present invention was clearly found to suppress the increase in airway resistance due to bronchial asthma in this experiment.
(2) Clinical trials in humans A panelist suffering from bronchial asthma, childhood asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, etc. sprays the product twice a day with a nebulizer to diagnose the course of one year. Judged the effectiveness of. The results are shown in Table 2.
In addition, in this invention product obtained in Example 1, 1.0 g was drunk in the way of a medicine. In addition, water was used as a control.
[0022]
[Table 2]

[0023]
As can be seen from Table 2, all the products of the present invention were found to have an effect on asthma. In this panel, there were people who had seizures using theophylline drugs, portable nebulizers, antiallergic agents, etc., but by drinking the product of the present invention, seizures without taking the above-mentioned ones Not only can this be prevented, but some people have not had seizures. Also, no one had to stop drinking.
[0024]
Asthma occurs without any sensation, and sudden wheezing and dyspnea begin to occur. Sometimes coughing makes dyspnea worse and even suddenly loses consciousness.
The product of the present invention is completely safe with no side effects, and can be said to be an epoch-making invention for those who suffer from asthma.
In addition, although the Example and the data accompanying it described about the case of brown rice, the same effect was recognized also in the case of white rice and 92% or less of white rice.
[0025]
【Example】
Example 1
1 kg of rice with germs was placed in water at 25 ° C. and immersed for 3 days to germinate the rice. The germinated rice was washed thoroughly, dried at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, and then finely pulverized to obtain 990 g of the product of the present invention.
(Example 2)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 1500 ml of water was added, and the pH was lowered with hydrochloric acid and left for 10 days. Thereafter, the clarified liquid obtained by squeezing with a squeezer was neutralized to obtain 1200 ml of the present product and 760 g of a residue.
[0026]
Example 3
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 3 was performed to obtain 1190 ml of another product of the present invention.
Example 4
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. 10 g of liquefied enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added to this pulverized product. Thereafter, the temperature was gradually increased, followed by boiling extraction for 5 minutes and then cooling. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1420 ml of the product of the present invention and 560 g of residue.
[0027]
(Example 5)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 4 was performed to obtain 1400 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 6)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 1500 ml of 2N-NaOH was added and left for 5 days. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and obtained 1350 ml of clarified liquids, and 650 g of residue. The clear solution was neutralized with 10N HCl to obtain 1480 ml of the product of the present invention.
[0028]
(Example 7)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 6 was performed to obtain another 1490 ml of the product of the present invention.
(Example 8)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 1500 ml of 95% ethanol was added and left for 5 days. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and 1300 ml of clarified liquids and 650 g of residue were obtained. To this clarified liquid, 2000 ml of water was added and concentrated with a rotary evaporator to obtain 1500 ml of the product of the present invention.
[0029]
Example 9
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 8 was performed to obtain 1500 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 10)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 300 g of candy and 1500 ml of water were added, and the mixture was left at 55 ° C. for 20 hours. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and obtained 1230 ml of this invention products and 1000 g of residue.
[0030]
(Example 11)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 10 was performed to obtain 1210 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 12)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of proteolytic enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and left at 50 ° C. for 20 hours. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and obtained 1310 ml of this invention products and 670 g of residue.
[0031]
(Example 13)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 12 was performed to obtain 1380 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 14)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of lipolytic enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and left at 50 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1290 ml of the product of the present invention and 680 g of residue.
[0032]
(Example 15)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 14 was performed to obtain 1360 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 16)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of a fiber-degrading enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and left at 50 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1330 ml of the present product and 650 g of a residue.
[0033]
(Example 17)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 16 was performed to obtain 1370 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 18)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of amylolytic enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and left at 55 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1380 ml of the product of the present invention and 600 g of residue.
[0034]
(Example 19)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 18 was performed to obtain 1400 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 20)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of pectin-degrading enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and allowed to stand at 50 ° C. for 20 hours, and then squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1320 ml of the present product and 660 g of residue.
[0035]
(Example 21)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 20 was performed to obtain 1300 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 22)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 2 g of proteolytic enzyme, 2 g of lipolytic enzyme, 2 g of fiber degrading enzyme, 2 g of starch degrading enzyme, 2 g of pectin degrading enzyme and 1500 ml of water were added and left at 50 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1420 ml of the product of the present invention and 560 g of residue.
[0036]
(Example 23)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 22 was performed to obtain 1440 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 24)
The same operation as in Example 22 was performed to obtain 2000 g of an enzymatic degradation product of rice. Thereafter, the temperature was gradually increased, followed by boiling extraction for 5 minutes and then cooling. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and obtained 1400 ml of this invention products and 550 g of residue.
[0037]
(Example 25)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 24 was performed to obtain 1420 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 26)
Brown rice was put into a pulverizer to obtain 500 g of pulverized brown rice. To this pulverized product, 300 g of koji and 1500 ml of 40% ethanol were added and left at 55 ° C. for 48 hours. Then, it squeezed with the squeezer and 1300 ml of clarified liquids and 850 g of residue were obtained. Thereafter, 1000 ml of water was added to the clarified liquid and concentrated with a rotary evaporator to obtain 1300 ml of the product of the present invention.
[0038]
(Example 27)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 26 was performed to obtain 1300 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 28)
In the same manner as in Example 4, 2000 g of rice extract was obtained. To this extract, 2 g of proteolytic enzyme, 2 g of lipolytic enzyme, 2 g of fiber degrading enzyme, 2 g of starch degrading enzyme, and 2 g of pectin degrading enzyme were added and left at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1400 ml of the present product and 520 g of a residue.
[0039]
(Example 29)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 28 was performed to obtain another 1390 ml of the product of the present invention.
(Example 30)
In the same manner as in Example 24, 2000 g of an enzymatic degradation extract of rice was obtained. Yeast was added to this enzymatic degradation extract, and alcohol fermentation was performed for 16 days. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1880 ml of the product of the present invention and 80 g of residue.
[0040]
(Example 31)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 30 was performed to obtain 1800 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 32)
In the same manner as in Example 24, 2000 g of an enzymatic degradation extract of rice was obtained. The enzyme-degraded extract was sterilized by boiling, cooled to 37 ° C., added with 200 ml of a starter in which lactic acid bacteria had been cultured in advance, sealed well, and subjected to lactic acid fermentation at 37 ° C. for 2 days. Thereafter, the product was squeezed with a squeezer to obtain 1380 ml of the present product and 590 g of a residue.
[0041]
(Example 33)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 32 was performed to obtain 1400 ml of another product of the present invention.
(Example 34)
80 ml of 95% ethanol was added to 1000 ml of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 24, and acetic acid fermentation was performed for 20 days. Thereafter, filtration was performed to obtain 990 ml of the present product.
(Example 35)
Using 500 g of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1, the same operation as in Example 34 was performed to obtain 1000 ml of another product of the present invention.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the anti-asthma agent which has the very outstanding effect with respect to asthma is provided simply and all safely from rice.
Since rice has been a staple food until now, there has been almost no development of methods and uses in new fields other than food. The present invention has not only found an anti-asthma agent having a very excellent effect, but is now said to be overproduction of rice, and has found a new use and can expand consumption by improving the image of rice. That is extremely meaningful.

Claims

Anti-asthma agent that contains or contains white rice extract.

An anti-asthma agent comprising, as it is, a product obtained by subjecting white rice hydrolyzate to enzymatic decomposition or koji action.

An anti-asthma agent comprising, as it is, or a product which has been subjected to enzymatic degradation or koji before, during or after the extraction of white rice.

Furthermore, the anti-asthma agent of Claim 2 or 3 formed by using the thing which performed alcohol fermentation or organic acid fermentation as it is.