JP3824738B2 - Method for producing solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization - Google Patents
Method for producing solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3824738B2 JP3824738B2 JP14911897A JP14911897A JP3824738B2 JP 3824738 B2 JP3824738 B2 JP 3824738B2 JP 14911897 A JP14911897 A JP 14911897A JP 14911897 A JP14911897 A JP 14911897A JP 3824738 B2 JP3824738 B2 JP 3824738B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- magnesium
- catalyst component
- solid titanium
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 105
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 79
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 78
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 76
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 45
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 magnesium halide Chemical class 0.000 description 51
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 18
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 8
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZWINORFLMHROGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-bis(methoxymethyl)fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(COC)(COC)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 ZWINORFLMHROGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SXSVTGQIXJXKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Ti] Chemical compound [Mg].[Ti] SXSVTGQIXJXKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- SJJCABYOVIHNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)C1CCCCC1 SJJCABYOVIHNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MQHNKCZKNAJROC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCC MQHNKCZKNAJROC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N i-Pr2C2H4i-Pr2 Natural products CC(C)CCC(C)C UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBEDSQVIWPRPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OCCC2=C1 HBEDSQVIWPRPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical group CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHIYOCUMCUWAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound COCC(COC)(CC(C)C)C(C)C RGHIYOCUMCUWAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpent-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)C=C LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FHUODBDRWMIBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl p-anisate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 FHUODBDRWMIBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N Triolein Natural products O([C@H](OCC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFLGSKRGOWRGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2COCC2=C1 SFLGSKRGOWRGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid diheptyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical class C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylalumane Chemical compound C(C)(C)[AlH2] ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZVJHJDDKYZXRJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrroline Natural products C1CC=NC1 ZVJHJDDKYZXRJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JHVNMGWNEQGGDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-diethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C(C)(C)C)OCC JHVNMGWNEQGGDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NETBVGNWMHLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)C(C)(C)C NETBVGNWMHLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclo[6.2.1.1(3,6).0(2,7)]dodec-4-ene Chemical class C1C(C23)C=CC1C3C1CC2CC1 XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYLIOGDFGLKMOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethanol Chemical compound OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl GYLIOGDFGLKMOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC(C)C)(OCC)OCC ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVGQCVJXVAMCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)CC=C SVGQCVJXVAMCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOPAQHDEQBHWEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-(2-methylcyclopentyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1CCCC1C IOPAQHDEQBHWEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTRWVPZONVTXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(oct-7-enyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CCCCCCC=C ZTRWVPZONVTXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJAJJFGMKAZGRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(phenoxy)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OJAJJFGMKAZGRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CC=C HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJHCUXCOGGKFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)OP(OC(C)C)OC(C)C SJHCUXCOGGKFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCOP(OCCC)OCCC QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NURJXHUITUPBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylpropyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)COP(OCC(C)C)OCC(C)C NURJXHUITUPBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、オレフィンの(共)重合体を製造するための触媒成分として用いられる固体状チタン触媒成分およびその製造方法、ならびにこの触媒成分を含むオレフィン重合用触媒およびこの触媒を用いるオレフィンの重合方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【発明の技術的背景】
従来より、α−オレフィンの単独重合体あるいはエチレン・α−オレフィン共重合体などのオレフィン共重合体を製造するために用いられる触媒として、活性状態のハロゲン化マグネシウムに担持されたチタン化合物を含む触媒が知られている。このようなオレフィン重合用触媒としては、マグネシウム、チタン、ハロゲンおよび電子供与体からなる固体状チタン触媒成分と有機金属化合物触媒成分からなる触媒が知られている。
【0003】
また、このようなマグネシウム、チタン、ハロゲンおよび電子供与体を必須成分とする固体状チタン触媒成分を炭素原子数3以上のα−オレフィンの重合時に使用することにより、高立体規則性を有する重合体を高い収率で製造することができることも知られている。
【0004】
固体状チタン触媒成分の調製方法としては、たとえばハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物の炭化水素溶液と液状のチタン化合物とを接触させて固体生成物を形成させる方法、あるいは、ハロゲン化マグネシウム化合物とチタン化合物との炭化水素溶液を形成した後、固体生成物を形成させ、この際、該固体生成物の形成を電子供与体の共存下に行う方法などが知られている。
【0005】
このように固体状チタン触媒成分の調製方法については多くの提案がなされているが、得られた固体状チタン触媒成分の性状についの研究はほとんどされていない。
【0006】
このような状況のもと本発明者らは、立体規則性の高いオレフィン(共)重合体をより高い重合活性で得られるような固体状チタン触媒成分を得ることを目的として研究を行った結果、固体状チタン触媒成分の微結晶サイズ(固体状チタン触媒成分を形成するハロゲン化マグネシウムの微結晶の大きさ)、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積および平均触媒粒径が特定の範囲にあると、この固体状チタン触媒成分を含むオレフィン重合触媒は、高い重合活性でオレフィン(共)重合体を製造することができ、かつ炭素原子数3以上のα−オレフィンを重合したときに立体規則性の高いオレフィン(共)重合体が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
【発明の目的】
本発明は、上記のような現状に鑑みなされたものであって、高い重合活性でオレフィンを(共)重合することができるような固体状チタン触媒成分およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とするとともに、このような固体状チタン触媒成分を含むオレフィン重合用触媒およびこの触媒を用いたオレフィンの重合方法を提供することを目的としている。
【0008】
【発明の概要】
【0010】
本発明に係る固体状チタン触媒成分は、たとえば液状のマグネシウム化合物と、液状のチタン化合物とを下記一般式(i)で表されるフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物の存在下に接触させることにより調製することができる;
【0011】
【化3】
【0012】
(式中、Ra およびRb は、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数が1〜6のアルキル基を示し、XおよびYは、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数が1〜6のアルキル基またはハロゲン原子を示し、mは0≦m≦4であり、nは0≦n≦4である。)。
【0013】
固体状チタン触媒成分は、液状のマグネシウム化合物と、上記一般式(i)で表されるフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物とを接触させ、
次いで上記で得られた溶液と、液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させることにより調製することができる。
【0014】
また、液状のマグネシウム化合物は、たとえばマグネシウム化合物と、アルコール、エステルおよびエーテルからなる群より選ばれる前記マグネシウム化合物を溶解しうる化合物とを炭化水素溶媒中で接触させて調製することができる。
【0017】
【発明の具体的説明】
以下、本発明に係るオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分の製造方法について具体的に説明する。
【0018】
なお、本明細書において「重合」という語は、単独重合だけでなく、共重合をも包含した意味で用いられることがあり、「重合体」という語は、単独重合体だけでなく、共重合体をも包含した意味で用いられることがある。
【0019】
固体状チタン触媒成分
本発明に係るオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分は、チタン、マグネシウムおよびハロゲンを必須成分としている。
【0020】
本発明に係るオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分は、チタンを0.3〜10重量%、好ましくは0.5〜8重量%、より好ましくは0.8〜6重量%、さらに好ましくは1〜5重量%の割合で含有し、
マグネシウムを5〜35重量%、好ましくは8〜30重量%、より好ましくは10〜28重量%、さらに好ましくは12〜25重量%の割合で含有し、
ハロゲンを30〜75重量%、好ましくは35〜75重量%、より好ましくは38〜72重量%、さらに好ましくは40〜70重量%の割合で含有している。
【0021】
本発明の固体状チタン触媒成分は、前記チタン、マグネシウムおよびハロゲンに加えて、電子供与体を含有することが好ましく、この場合、電子供与体は、0.5〜30重量%、好ましくは1〜27重量%、より好ましくは3〜25重量%、さらに好ましくは5〜23重量%の割合で含有されていることが望ましい。
【0022】
電子供与体としては、後述するような電子供与体(a)を例示することができ、なかでも下記一般式(i)で表されるフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物が好ましい。
【0023】
上記固体状チタン触媒成分の組成は、固体状チタン触媒成分を大量のヘキサンで充分洗浄し、0.1〜1Torr、室温の条件下で2時間以上乾燥した後、ICP(原子吸光分析)、GC(ガスクロマトグラフィー)などにより測定し決定される。
【0024】
本発明に係る固体状チタン触媒成分は、該触媒成分を形成するハロゲン化マグネシウム(微結晶)のX線回折による(110)面のピークから算出した微結晶サイズが、3〜100Å、好ましくは5〜80Å、より好ましくは10〜40Å、さらに好ましくは10〜30Åの範囲にある。
【0025】
微結晶サイズが、3Åよりはるかに小さくなると、触媒の粒子形状が悪化し、生成するオレフィン(共)重合体の見掛け嵩密度が低下することがあり、
微結晶サイズが、100Åよりはるかに大きくなると、重合活性が低下したり、生成するオレフィン(共)重合体の立体規則性が低下することがある。
【0026】
本発明に係る固体状チタン触媒成分は、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積が0.20cm3 /g以下、好ましくは0.15cm3 /g以下、より好ましくは0.01cm3 /g以下、さらに好ましくは0.005cm3 /g以下であり、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積が0.30cm3 /g以上、好ましくは0.40cm3 /g以上、より好ましくは0.45cm3 /g以上、特に好ましくは0.50cm3 /g以上である。
【0027】
半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積が0.20cm3 /gよりはるかに大きくなると、重合活性が低下したり、生成するオレフィン(共)重合体の立体規則性が低下することがあり、
半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積が0.30cm3 /gよりはるかに小さくなると、重合活性が低下することがある。
【0028】
本発明に係る固体状チタン触媒成分は、光透過式沈降法によって測定した平均触媒粒径(体積標準)が0.5〜80μm、好ましくは3〜70μm、より好ましくは3〜35μmの範囲にある。
【0029】
平均触媒粒径が、0.5μmよりはるかに小さくなると、生成するオレフィン(共)重合体に微粉が含まれることがある。
ここで微結晶サイズ、細孔の容積および平均触媒粒径は以下のようにして測定される。
【0030】
〔微結晶サイズ〕
微結晶サイズの大きさはX線回折装置(理学電機社製RU−300)により、(110)面の半値幅(FWHM)を測定し、かつ既知のScherrerの式(式中0.9は定数Kに帰着する)を適用することによって求めた。微結晶サイズの測定に用いた試料はすべて窒素雰囲気下で取り扱った。なおScherrerの式を用いた微結晶サイズの測定方法は、「カリティX線回折要論(松村源太郎訳)アグネ社刊」に詳しい。
【0031】
〔細孔の容積〕
細孔容積供試試料の約0.3gを窒素雰囲気下で精秤し、測定セルに入れ、室温で脱気(約0.7Pa到達)の後、水銀を注入した。このセルを装置に装着して測定を行った。以下に測定条件を示す。
【0032】
装置 :カルロエルバ社製 ポロシメーター2000
測定圧力範囲:約1000kPa〜190MPa
測定モード :上記圧力範囲の昇圧過程
セル容積 :15cm3
〔(数)平均触媒粒径の測定方法〕
数平均触媒粒径の測定は、光透過式沈降法により、既知のStokesの式(下記式)を適用して求めた。装置は、自動粒度分布測定装置 CAPA−300型(堀場社製)を用いた。また、分散剤にはデカリンとトリオレインとの混合液(デカリン/トリオレイン=1/4(重量比))を用いた。
【0033】
【数1】
【0034】
D :触媒粒径(cm)
η0 :分散媒粘性係数(piose)
ρ :試料密度(g/cm3 )
ρ0 :分散媒密度(g/cm3 )
t :沈降時間(sec.)
X1 :回転中心より沈降面までの距離(cm)
X2 :回転中心より測定面までの距離(cm)
ω :回転角速度(rad/sec.)
【0035】
固体状チタン触媒成分の調整
本発明に係るオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分の調製方法は、特に限定されないが、たとえば、以下の方法などにより調製することができる。
(1)液状のマグネシウム化合物を、電子供与体(a)の存在下で、液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させる方法。
(2)液状のマグネシウム化合物と、電子供与体(a)とを接触させ、次いで得られた溶液と、液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させた後、必要に応じてさらに電子供与体(b)および液状状態のチタン化合物と接触させる方法。
【0036】
次に、このような固体状チタン触媒成分の調製に用いられる各原料について説明する。
液状のマグネシウム化合物
液状のマグネシウム化合物は、還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物および還元能を有しないマグネシウム化合物から調製することができる。
【0037】
ここで還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物としては、たとえば式
Xn MgR2-n
(式中、nは0≦n<2であり、Rは水素または炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、たとえばアルキル基、アリール基またはシクロアルキル基であり、nが0である場合二個のRは同一でも異なっていてもよく、Xはハロゲンである)
で表される有機マグネシウム化合物を挙げることができる。
【0038】
このような還元能を有する有機マグネシウム化合物として具体的には、
ジメチルマグネシウム、ジエチルマグネシウム、ジプロピルマグネシウム、ジブチルマグネシウム、ジアミルマグネシウム、ジヘキシルマグネシウム、ジデシルマグネシウム、
エチル塩化マグネシウム、プロピル塩化マグネシウム、ブチル塩化マグネシウム、ヘキシル塩化マグネシウム、アミル塩化マグネシウム、
ブチルエトキシマグネシウム、エチルブチルマグネシウム、オクチルブチルマグネシウム、ブチルマグネシウムハイドライドなどを挙げることができる。これらのマグネシウム化合物は、単独で用いることもできるし、後述する有機アルミニウム化合物と錯化合物を形成していてもよい。また、これらのマグネシウム化合物は、液体であっても固体であってもよい。
【0039】
また、還元能を有しない有機マグネシウム化合物として具体的には、
塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、フッ化マグネシウムなどのハロゲン化マグネシウム;
メトキシ塩化マグネシウム、エトキシ塩化マグネシウム、イソプロポキシ塩化マグネシウム、ブトキシ塩化マグネシウム、オクトキシ塩化マグネシウムなどのアルコキシマグネシウムハライド;
フェノキシ塩化マグネシウム、メチルフェノキシ塩化マグネシウムなどのアリロキシマグネシウムハライド;
エトキシマグネシウム、イソプロポキシマグネシウム、ブトキシマグネシウム、n-オクトキシマグネシウム、2-エチルヘキソキシマグネシウムなどのアルコキシマグネシウム;
フェノキシマグネシウム、ジメチルフェノキシマグネシウムなどのアリロキシマグネシウム;
ラウリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウムなどのマグネシウムのカルボン酸塩などを挙げることができる。
【0040】
これら還元能を有しないマグネシウム化合物は、上述した還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物から誘導した化合物あるいは触媒成分の調製時に誘導した化合物であってもよい。還元能を有しないマグネシウム化合物を、還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物から誘導するには、たとえば、還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物をポリシロキサン化合物、ハロゲン含有シラン化合物、ハロゲン含有アルミニウム化合物、エステル、アルコールなどのハロゲン含有化合物やOH基や活性な炭素−酸素結合を有する化合物と接触させればよい。
【0041】
なお、マグネシウム化合物は上記の還元能を有するマグネシウム化合物および還元能を有しないマグネシウム化合物の他に、上記のマグネシウム化合物と他の金属との錯化合物、複化合物あるいは他の金属化合物との混合物であってもよい。さらに、上記の化合物を2種以上組み合わせた複合物であってもよい。
【0042】
これらの中でも、還元能を有しないマグネシウム化合物が好ましく、特に好ましくはハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物であり、これらの中でも塩化マグネシウム、アルコキシ塩化マグネシウム、アリロキシ塩化マグネシウムが好ましく、特に塩化マグネシウムが好ましく用いられる。
【0043】
固体マグネシウム化合物を可溶化しうる化合物としては、アルコール、エーテルおよびエステルからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物が挙げられる。
【0044】
具体的には、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、2-エチルヘキサノール、オクタノール、ドデカノール、オクタデシルアルコール、オレイルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、フェニルエチルアルコール、クミルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、イソプロピルベンジルアルコール、エチレングリコールなどの炭素原子数が1〜18のアルコール;
トリクロロメタノール、トリクロロエタノール、トリクロロヘキサノールなどの炭素原子数が1〜18のハロゲン含有アルコール;
メチルエーテル、エチルエーテル、イソプロピルエーテル、ブチルエーテル、アミルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、エチルベンジルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、アニソール、ジフェニルエーテルなどの炭素原子数が2〜20のエーテル;
テトラエトキシチタン、テトラ-n-プロポキシチタン、テトラ-i-プロポキシチタン、テトラブトキシチタン、テトラヘキソキシチタン、テトラブトキシジルコニウム、テトラエトキシジルコニウムなどの金属酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
【0045】
これらの中では、アルコールが好ましく、特に2-エチルヘキサノールが好ましい。
なお、上記マグネシウム化合物を可溶化しうる化合物は、後述する電子供与体(a)、(b)としても用いられる。
【0046】
液状のマグネシウム化合物の調製に用いられる炭化水素溶媒として具体的には、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、デカン、ドデカン、灯油などの脂肪族炭化水素;シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロペンタンなどの脂環族炭化水素;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素;エチレンクロリド、クロルベンゼンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素、あるいはこれらの混合物などを挙げることができる。これらの中では、脂肪族炭化水素が好ましく、特にデカンおよびヘキサンが好ましい。
【0047】
電子供与体(a)
固体状チタン触媒成分の調製に用いられる電子供与体(a)としては、マグネシウム化合物を可溶化しうる化合物として例示したアルコール、エーテル、金属酸エステル、および後述するような前記以外のアルコール、フェノール、ケトン、アルデヒド、アミン、ピリジン、有機酸エステル、脂肪族カルボン酸、酸無水物、脂肪族カーボネート、有機ケイ素化合物、有機リン化合物、多価カルボン酸エステル、ジエーテル、ポリエーテルなどを挙げることができる。
【0048】
具体的には、メチルカルビトール、2-メチルペンタノール、2-エチルブタノール、デカノール、テトラデシルアルコール、ウンデセノール、ステアリルアルコールなどの脂肪族アルコール;シクロヘキサノール、メチルシクロヘキサノールなどの脂環族アルコール;メチルベンジルアルコール、α−メチルベンジルアルコール、α,α−ジメチルベンジルアルコールなどの芳香族アルコール;n-ブチルセロソルブ、エチルセロソルブ、2-ブトキシエタノール、1-ブトキシ-2-プロパノールなどのアルコキシ基を含んだ脂肪族アルコールなどの前記以外のアルコール;
フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール、エチルフェノール、プロピルフェノール、ノニルフェノール、クミルフェノール、ナフトールなどの低級アルキル基を有してもよい炭素原子数が6〜20のフェノール;
アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、エチルn-ブチルケトン、アセトフェノン、ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾキノン、シクロヘキサノンなどの炭素原子数が3〜15のケトン;
アセトアルデヒド、プロピオンアルデヒド、オクチルアルデヒド、ベンズアルデヒド、トルアルデヒド、ナフトアルデヒドなどの炭素原子数が2〜15のアルデヒド;
トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、トリベンジルアミン、テトラメチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミンなどのアミン;
ピリジン、メチルピリジン、エチルピリジン、プロピルピリジン、ジメチルピリジン、エチルメチルピリジン、トリメチルピリジン、フェニルピリジン、ベンジルピリジン、塩化ピリジンなどのピリジン;
ギ酸メチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ビニル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸i-ブチル、酢酸t-ブチル、酢酸オクチル、酢酸シクロヘキシル、クロル酢酸メチル、ジクロル酢酸エチル、プロピオン酸エチル、ピルビン酸エチル、ピバリン酸エチル、酪酸メチル、吉草酸エチル、メタクリル酸メチル、クロトン酸エチル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸エチル、安息香酸メチル、安息香酸エチル、安息香酸プロピル、安息香酸ブチル、安息香酸オクチル、安息香酸シクロヘキシル、安息香酸フェニル、安息香酸ベンジル、トルイル酸メチル、トルイル酸エチル、トルイル酸アミル、エチル安息香酸エチル、アニス酸メチル、アニス酸エチル、エトキシ安息香酸エチル、γ-ブチロラクトン、δ-バレロラクトン、クマリン、フタリドなどの炭素原子数が2〜18の有機酸エステル;
ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸などの脂肪族カルボン酸;
無水酢酸、無水フタル酸、無水マレイン酸、無水安息香酸、無水トリメリット酸、無水テトラヒドロフタル酸などの酸無水物;
炭酸ジメチル、炭酸ジエチル、炭酸エチレンなどの脂肪族カーボネート;
ケイ酸メチル、ケイ酸エチル、ジフェニルジメトキシシランなどの有機ケイ素化合物、好ましくはR1 x R2 y Si(OR3 )z (R1 、R2 は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭化水素基またはハロゲンであり、R3 は炭化水素基であり、0≦x<2、0≦y<2、0<z≦4である。)で示される有機ケイ素化合物;
亜リン酸トリメチル、亜リン酸トリエチルなどのP−O−C結合を有する有機リン化合物などが挙げられる。
【0049】
多価カルボン酸エステルとしては、下記一般式で示される骨格を有する化合物が挙げられる。
【0050】
【化4】
【0051】
式中、R4 は置換または非置換の炭化水素基を示し、R5 、R8 、R9 は、水素あるいは置換または非置換の炭化水素基を示し、R6 、R7 は、水素あるいは置換または非置換の炭化水素基を示し、好ましくはその少なくとも一方は置換または非置換の炭化水素基である。またR6 とR7 とは互いに連結されて環状構造を形成していてもよい。炭化水素基R4 〜R9 が置換されている場合の置換基は、N、O、Sなどの異原子を含み、たとえば、C−O−C、COOR、COOH、OH、SO3H、−C−N−C−、NH2 などの基を有する。
【0052】
このような多価カルボン酸エステルとしては、具体的には、
コハク酸ジエチル、コハク酸ジブチル、メチルコハク酸ジエチル、α-メチルグルタル酸ジイソブチル、メチルマロン酸ジエチル、エチルマロン酸ジエチル、イソプロピルマロン酸ジエチル、ブチルマロン酸ジエチル、フェニルマロン酸ジエチル、ジエチルマロン酸ジエチル、ジブチルマロン酸ジエチル、マレイン酸モノオクチル、マレイン酸ジオクチル、マレイン酸ジブチル、ブチルマレイン酸ジブチル、ブチルマレイン酸ジエチル、β-メチルグルタル酸ジイソプロピル、エチルコハク酸ジアルリル、フマル酸ジ-2-エチルヘキシル、イタコン酸ジエチル、シトラコン酸ジオクチルなどの脂肪族ポリカルボン酸エステル;
1,2-シクロヘキサンカルボン酸ジエチル、1,2-シクロヘキサンカルボン酸ジイソブチル、テトラヒドロフタル酸ジエチル、ナジック酸ジエチルなどの脂環族ポリカルボン酸エステル;
フタル酸モノエチル、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸メチルエチル、フタル酸モノイソブチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸エチルイソブチル、フタル酸ジn-プロピル、フタル酸ジイソプロピル、フタル酸ジn-ブチル、フタル酸ジイソブチル、フタル酸ジn-ヘプチル、フタル酸ジ-2-エチルヘキシル、フタル酸ジn-オクチル、フタル酸ジネオペンチル、フタル酸ジデシル、フタル酸ベンジルブチル、フタル酸ジフェニル、ナフタリンジカルボン酸ジエチル、ナフタリンジカルボン酸ジブチル、トリメリット酸トリエチル、トリメリット酸ジブチルなどの芳香族ポリカルボン酸エステル;
3,4-フランジカルボン酸などの複素環ポリカルボン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
【0053】
また多価カルボン酸エステルの他の例としては、アジピン酸ジエチル、アジピン酸ジイソブチル、セバシン酸ジイソプロピル、セバシン酸ジn-ブチル、セバシン酸ジn-オクチル、セバシン酸ジ-2-エチルヘキシルなどの長鎖ジカルボン酸のエステルなどを挙げることもできる。
【0054】
ジエーテル化合物としては、下記一般式(i)で示されるフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物が挙げられる。
【0055】
【化5】
【0056】
式中、Ra およびRb は、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数が1〜6のアルキル基、たとえばメチル、エチル、n-プロピル、iso-プロピル、n-ブチル、iso-ブチル、tert-ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシルなどを示す。
【0057】
XおよびYは、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数が1〜6のアルキル基またはハロゲン原子を示す。
mは0≦m≦4であり、nは0≦n≦4である。
【0058】
このような前記一般式(i)で表されるフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物としては、たとえば
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレン、
9,9-ビス(エトキシメチル)フルオレン、
9-メトキシ-9-エトキシメチルフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-2,7-ジメチルフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-2,6-ジイソプロピルフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-3,6-ジイソブチルフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-2-イソブチル-7-イソプロピルフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-2,7-ジクロロフルオレン、
9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)-2-クロロ-7-イソプロピルフルオレン
などが挙げられる。
【0059】
ポリエーテル化合物としては、下記一般式で示される化合物が挙げられる。
【0060】
【化6】
【0061】
(式中、nは2≦n≦10の整数であり、R1 〜R26は炭素、水素、酸素、ハロゲン、窒素、イオウ、リン、ホウ素およびケイ素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を有する置換基であり、任意のR1 〜R26、好ましくはR1 〜R20は共同してベンゼン環以外の環を形成していてもよく、また主鎖中には炭素以外の原子が含まれていてもよい。)
このうち、1,3-ジエーテルが好ましく用いられ、特に、
2,2-ジイソブチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2-イソプロピル-2-イソブチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2-イソプロピル-2-イソペンチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2,2-ジシクロヘキシル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2,2-ビス(シクロヘキシルメチル)-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2-シクロヘキシル-2-イソプロピル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2-イソプロピル-2-s-ブチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2,2-ジフェニル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン、
2-シクロペンチル-2-イソプロピル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパンなどが好ましく用いられる。
【0062】
さらに電子供与体(a)として、アセチルクロリド、ベンゾイルクロリド、トルイル酸クロリド、アニス酸クロリドなどの炭素原子数が2〜15の酸ハライド;
酢酸N,N-ジメチルアミド、安息香酸N,N-ジエチルアミド、トルイル酸N,N-ジメチルアミドなどの酸アミド;
アセトニトリル、ベンゾニトリル、トリニトリルなどのニトリル;
メチルアミン、エチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミンなどの前記以外のアミン;
ピロール、メチルピロール、ジメチルピロールなどのピロール;
ピロリン;ピロリジン;インドール;ピペリジン、キノリン、イソキノリンなどの含窒素環状化合物;
テトラヒドロフラン、1,4-シネオール、1,8-シネオール、ピノールフラン、メチルフラン、ジメチルフラン、ジフェニルフラン、ベンゾフラン、クマラン、フタラン、テトラヒドロピラン、ピラン、ジヒドロピランなどの環状含酸素化合物なども挙げられる。
【0063】
これらの中で電子供与体(a)としては、酸無水物、アルコール、多価カルボン酸、ポリエーテルおよびフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましく、さらに酸無水物、アルコキシ基を含んだ脂肪族アルコール、芳香族ポリカルボン酸エステル、1,3-ジエーテルおよびフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましく、特にフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましい。
【0064】
電子供与体(b)
固体状チタン触媒成分の調製に用いられる電子供与体(b)としては、前記電子供与体(a)として例示した化合物と同じ化合物が例示される。
【0065】
これらの中で電子供与体(b)としては、酸無水物、アルコール、多価カルボン酸、ポリエーテルおよびフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましく、さらに酸無水物、アルコキシ基を含んだ脂肪族アルコール、芳香族ポリカルボン酸エステル、1,3-ジエーテルおよびフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましく、特にフルオレン環を有するジエーテルが好ましい。
【0066】
なお、電子供与体(a)と、電子供与体(b)とは、同一の化合物を用いてもよく、異なった化合物を用いてもよい。
液状状態のチタン化合物
固体状チタン触媒成分の調製に用いられる液状状態のチタン化合物としては、例えば、下記式で表される4価のハロゲン含有チタン化合物を挙げることができる。
【0067】
Ti(OR)m X4-m
(式中、Rは炭化水素基を示し、Xはハロゲン原子を示し、0≦m<4である。)
このようなハロゲン含有チタン化合物として具体的には、
TiCl4、TiBr4、TiI4 などのテトラハロゲン化チタン;
Ti(OCH3)Cl3、Ti(OC2H5)Cl3、Ti(On-C4H9)Cl3、Ti(OC2H5)Br3、Ti(Oiso-C4H9)Br3 などのトリハロゲン化アルコキシチタン;
Ti(OCH3)2Cl2、Ti(OC2H5)2Cl2、Ti(On-C4H9)2Cl2、Ti(OC2H5)2Br2 などのジハロゲン化アルコキシチタン;
Ti(OCH3)3Cl、Ti(OC2H5)3Cl、Ti(On-C4H9)3Cl、Ti(OC2H5)3Brなどのモノハロゲン化アルコキシチタン;
Ti(OCH3)4、Ti(OC2H5)4、Ti(On-C4H9)4、Ti(Oiso-C4H9)4、Ti(O-2-エチルヘキシル)4 などのテトラアルコキシチタンなどを挙げることができる。これらの中では、テトラハロゲン化チタンが好ましく、特に四塩化チタンが好ましい。
【0068】
これらのチタン化合物は単独で用いてもよく、混合物の形で用いてもよい。あるいは上記したような炭化水素溶媒に希釈して用いてもよい。
次にオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分の調製方法についてさらに具体的に説明する。なお、ここでは液状のマグネシウム化合物の調製にハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物を用い、ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物を可溶化しうる化合物としてアルコールを用い、かつ電子供与体(a)としてフルオレン環を有するジエーテルを用いた例を示す。
【0069】
まず、上記炭化水素溶媒中で、上記ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物と上記アルコールとを接触させ、ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物が、アルコールと炭化水素との混合溶媒中に溶解された均一溶液(マグネシウム化合物溶液)を調製する。
【0070】
この際、アルコールは、ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物1モルに対して、1〜40モル、好ましくは1.5〜20モルの量で用いられ、炭化水素溶媒は、ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物1モルに対して、1〜30モル、好ましくは1.5〜15モルの量で用いられる。接触温度は、65〜300℃、好ましくは100〜200℃であり、接触時間は、15〜300分、好ましくは30〜120分であることが望ましい。
【0071】
次に、上記マグネシウム化合物溶液と、フルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物とを接触させ均一溶液(マグネシウム−ジエーテル化合物溶液)を調製する。この際、フルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物は、マグネシウム化合物溶液中のハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物1モルに対して、0.01〜1.0モル、好ましくは0.1〜0.5モルの量で用いられる。接触温度は、−20〜300℃、好ましくは20〜200℃であり、接触時間は、5〜240分、好ましくは10〜120分であることが望ましい。
【0072】
次に、上記マグネシウム−ジエーテル化合物溶液と、液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させ、ハロゲン含有マグネシウム化合物と液状状態のチタン化合物とを含む混合液(マグネシウム−チタン溶液)を調製する。
【0073】
この際には、液状状態のチタン化合物は、マグネシウム−ジエーテル化合物溶液中のマグネシウム1グラム原子に対し、2〜100グラム原子、好ましくは4〜50グラム原子の量で用いられる。また、接触温度は、−70〜200℃、好ましくは−70〜50℃であり、接触時間は、5〜300分、好ましくは30〜180分であることが望ましい。
【0074】
次に、上記のようにして得られたマグネシウム−チタン溶液を20〜300℃、好ましくは50〜150℃に加熱することにより固体状チタン触媒成分が炭化水素溶媒中に懸濁された状態で得られる。この際、加熱時間は10〜360分、好ましくは30〜300分であることが望ましい。
【0075】
マグネシウム−ジエーテル化合物溶液と、液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させた後に、マグネシウム−チタン溶液と電子供与体(b)とを接触させてもよい。電子供与体(b)を接触させる場合には、マグネシウム−チタン溶液を加熱した後に接触させることが好ましい。ここで用いられる電子供与体(b)としては、上記のマグネシウム−ジエーテル化合物溶液を調製する際に用いたフルオレン環を有するジエーテル化合物を用いることができる。
【0076】
この際、電子供与体(b)は、マグネシウム化合物1モルに対して、0.01〜5モル、好ましくは0.1〜1モルの量で用いられる。
上記懸濁液を濾過などによって固液分離し、固体部(固体状チタン触媒成分)を採取した後、さらに該固体部と液状状態のチタン化合物とを接触させてもよい。また得られた固体状チタン触媒成分は、炭化水素溶媒で洗浄することが好ましい。
【0077】
このようにして得られた固体状チタン触媒成分は、炭化水素溶媒中に懸濁してオレフィン重合用触媒成分として用いることもできるが、この懸濁液から濾過などによって固液分離した後、乾燥させて用いてもよい。
【0078】
オレフィン重合用触媒
本発明に係るオレフィン重合用触媒は、
(A)前記固体状チタン触媒成分、
(B)有機金属化合物触媒成分、および
(C)電子供与体から形成される。
【0079】
(B)有機金属化合物触媒成分
有機金属化合物触媒成分は、周期律表第I族〜第III 族から選ばれる金属を含むものが好ましく、具体的には、有機アルミニウム化合物、第I族金属とアルミニウムとの錯アルキル化合物、第II族金属の有機金属化合物などを挙げることができる。
【0080】
このような有機アルミニウム化合物としては、たとえば、下記式で示される有機アルミニウム化合物を例示することができる。
Ra n AlX3-n
(但し式中、Ra は炭素原子数が1〜12の炭化水素基を示し、Xはハロゲンまたは水素を示し、nは1〜3である。)
上記式において、Ra は炭素原子数が1〜12の炭化水素基、たとえば、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基またはアリール基であるが、具体的には、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基、トリル基などである。
【0081】
このような有機アルミニウム化合物としては、具体的には、
トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリイソプロピルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリオクチルアルミニウム、トリ2-エチルヘキシルアルミニウムなどのトリアルキルアルミニウム;
イソプレニルアルミニウムなどのアルケニルアルミニウム;
ジメチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジエチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジイソプロピルアルミニウムクロリド、ジイソブチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジメチルアルミニウムブロミドなどのジアルキルアルミニウムハライド;
メチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、エチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、イソプロピルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、ブチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、エチルアルミニウムセスキブロミドなどのアルキルアルミニウムセスキハライド;
メチルアルミニウムジクロリド、エチルアルミニウムジクロリド、イソプロピルアルミニウムジクロリド、エチルアルミニウムジブロミドなどのアルキルアルミニウムジハライド;
ジエチルアルミニウムハイドライド、ジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライドなどのアルキルアルミニウムハイドライドなどが挙げられる。
【0082】
また有機アルミニウム化合物として、下記式で示される化合物を用いることもできる。
Ra n AlY3-n
(式中、Ra は上記と同様であり、Yは−ORb 基、−OSiRc 3 基、−OAlRd 2 基、−NRe 2 基、−SiRf 3 基または−N(Rg )AlRh 2 基を示し、nは1〜2であり、Rb 、Rc 、Rd およびRh はメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基などを示し、Re は水素、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、フェニル基、トリメチルシリル基などを示し、Rf およびRg はメチル基、エチル基などを示す。)
このような有機アルミニウム化合物としては、具体的には、以下のような化合物が用いられる。
(i)Ra n Al(ORb)3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
ジメチルアルミニウムメトキシド、ジエチルアルミニウムエトキシド、ジイソブチルアルミニウムメトキシドなど;
(ii)Ra n Al(OSiRc)3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
Et2 Al(OSiMe3)、(iso-Bu)2 Al(OSiMe3)、
(iso-Bu)2 Al(OSiEt3)など;
(iii)Ra n Al(OAlRd 2)3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
Et2 AlOAlEt2、(iso-Bu)2 AlOAl(iso-Bu)2 など;
(iv)Ra n Al(NRe 2)3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
Me2 AlNEt2、Et2 AlNHMe、Me2 AlNHEt、Et2 AlN(Me3Si)2 、(iso-Bu)2 AlN(Me3Si)2 など;
(v)Ra n Al(SiRf 3)3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
(iso-Bu)2AlSiMe3など;
(vi)Ra n Al〔N(Rg )AlRh 2 〕3-n で示される化合物、たとえば
Et2 AlN(Me)AlEt2 、(iso-Bu)2 AlN(Et)Al(iso-Bu)2 など(但し、Me:メチル基、Et:エチル基、Bu:ブチル基)。
【0083】
またこれらに類似した化合物、たとえば酸素原子、窒素原子を介して2以上のアルミニウムが結合した有機アルミニウム化合物を挙げることができる。より具体的に、
(C2H5)2 AlOAl(C2H5)2 、
(C4H9)2 AlOAl(C4H9)2 、
(C2H5)2 AlN(C2H5)Al(C2H5)2など。
【0084】
さらにメチルアルミノキサンなどのアルミノキサンを挙げることができる。
上記のような有機アルミニウム化合物のうちでも、
Ra 3 Al、Ra n Al(ORb )3-n 、Ra n Al(OAlRd 2 )3-n で表わされる有機アルミニウム化合物を好適な例として挙げることができる。
【0085】
第I族金属とアルミニウムとの錯アルキル化物としては、下記一般式で表される化合物を例示できる。
M1AlRj 4
(式中、M1 はLi 、NaまたはKを示し、Rj は炭素数1〜15の炭化水素基を示す)
具体的には、LiAl(C2H5)4 、LiAl(C7H15)4 などが挙げられる。
【0086】
第II族金属の有機金属化合物としては、下記一般式で表される化合物を例示できる。
Rk Rl M2
(式中、Rk 、Rl は炭素原子数が1〜15の炭化水素基またはハロゲンを示し、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよいが、いずれもハロゲンである場合は除く。M2 はMg、ZnまたはCdを示す。)
具体的には、ジエチル亜鉛、ジエチルマグネシウム、ブチルエチルマグネシウム、エチルマグネシウムクロリド、ブチルマグネシウムクロリドなどが挙げられる。
【0087】
これらの化合物は、2種以上併用することもできる。
(C)電子供与体
電子供与体(C)としては、たとえば下記一般式で示される有機ケイ素化合物を用いることができる。
【0088】
RnSi(OR’)4-n
(式中、RおよびR’は、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭化水素基を示し、0<n<4である)
このような一般式で示される有機ケイ素化合物としては、具体的には、下記のような化合物が挙げられる。
【0089】
トリメチルメトキシシラン、トリメチルエトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシシラン、ジイソプロピルジメトキシシラン、t-ブチルメチルジメトキシシラン、t-ブチルメチルジエトキシシラン、t-アミルメチルジエトキシシラン、ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、フェニルメチルジメトキシシラン、ジフェニルジエトキシシラン、ビスo-トリルジメトキシシラン、ビスm-トリルジメトキシシラン、ビスp-トリルジメトキシシラン、ビスp-トリルジエトキシシラン、ビスエチルフェニルジメトキシシラン、ジシクロヘキシルジメトキシシラン、シクロヘキシルメチルジメトキシシラン、シクロヘキシルメチルジエトキシシラン、エチルトリメトキシシラン、エチルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリメトキシシラン、n-プロピルトリエトキシシラン、デシルトリメトキシシラン、デシルトリエトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、γ-クロルプロピルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、エチルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、t-ブチルトリエトキシシラン、n-ブチルトリエトキシシラン、iso-ブチルトリエトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、γ-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、クロルトリエトキシシラン、エチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、ビニルトリブトキシシラン、シクロヘキシルトリメトキシシラン、シクロヘキシルトリエトキシシラン、2-ノルボルナントリメトキシシラン、2-ノルボルナントリエトキシシラン、2-ノルボルナンメチルジメトキシシラン、ケイ酸エチル、ケイ酸ブチル、トリメチルフェノキシシラン、メチルトリアリロキシ(allyloxy)シラン、ビニルトリス(β-メトキシエトキシシラン)、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、ジメチルテトラエトキシジシロキサン、
シクロペンチルトリメトキシシラン、2-メチルシクロペンチルトリメトキシシラン、2,3-ジメチルシクロペンチルトリメトキシシラン、シクロペンチルトリエトキシシラン、
ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシラン、ビス(2-メチルシクロペンチル)ジメトキシシラン、ビス(2,3-ジメチルシクロペンチル)ジメトキシシラン、ジシクロペンチルジエトキシシラン、p-トリルメチルジメトキシシラン、ジt-ブチルジメトキシシラン、
トリシクロペンチルメトキシシラン、トリシクロペンチルエトキシシラン、ジシクロペンチルメチルメトキシシラン、ジシクロペンチルエチルメトキシシラン、ヘキセニルトリメトキシシラン、ジシクロペンチルメチルエトキシシラン、シクロペンチルジメチルメトキシシラン、シクロペンチルジエチルメトキシシラン、シクロペンチルジメチルエトキシシランなど。
【0090】
これらのうち、エチルトリエトキシシラン、n-プロピルトリエトキシシラン、t-ブチルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリブトキシシラン、ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、フェニルメチルジメトキシシラン、ビスp-トリルジメトキシシラン、p-トリルメチルジメトキシシラン、ジシクロヘキシルジメトキシシラン、シクロヘキシルメチルジメトキシシラン、2-ノルボルナントリエトキシシラン、2-ノルボルナンメチルジメトキシシラン、ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシラン、ヘキセニルトリメトキシシラン、シクロペンチルトリエトキシシラン、トリシクロペンチルメトキシシラン、ジt-ブチルジメトキシシラン、シクロペンチルジメチルメトキシシランなどが好ましく用いられる。
【0091】
さらに本発明では、電子供与体(C)として、
2,6-置換ピペリジン類、2,5-置換ピペリジン類、
N,N,N',N'-テトラメチルメチレンジアミン、N,N,N',N'-テトラエチルメチレンジアミンなどの置換メチレンジアミン類、
1,3-ジベンジルイミダゾリジン、1,3-ジベンジル-2- フェニルイミダゾリジンなどの置換イミダゾリジン類などの含窒素電子供与体、
トリエチルホスファイト、トリn-プロピルホスファイト、トリイソプロピルホスファイト、トリn-ブチルホスファイト、トリイソブチルホスファイト、ジエチルn-ブチルホスファイト、ジエチルフェニルホスファイトなどの亜リン酸エステル類などリン含有電子供与体、
2,6-置換テトラヒドロピラン類、2,5-置換テトラヒドロピラン類などの含酸素電子供与体を用いることもできる。
【0092】
これらの電子供与体(C)は、2種以上併用することもできる。
本発明に係るオレフィン重合用触媒は、上記のような各成分以外にも、オレフィンの重合に有用な他の成分を含むことができる。
【0093】
また本発明に係るオレフィン重合用触媒は、オレフィンが予備重合されていてもよい。予備重合触媒は、固体状チタン触媒成分(A)、有機金属化合物触媒成分(B)および必要に応じて電子供与体(C)の存在下に、後述する本重合で用いられるオレフィン類さらにはポリエン化合物などを予備(共)重合させることにより得られる。
【0094】
オレフィンの重合方法
本発明に係るオレフィンの重合方法(本重合)では、上記のような固体状チタン触媒成分(A)、有機金属化合物触媒成分(B)および電子供与体(C)からなるオレフィン重合用触媒、または予備重合体を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下に、オレフィンを重合または共重合させる。
【0095】
本発明において重合されるオレフィンとしては、具体的に、炭素原子数が2〜20のα−オレフィンが挙げられ、具体的に、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、3-メチル-1-ブテン、3-メチル-1-ペンテン、3-エチル-1-ペンテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、4,4-ジメチル-1-ペンテン、4-メチル-1-ヘキセン、4,4-ジメチル-1-ヘキセン、4-エチル-1-ヘキセン、3-エチル-1-ヘキセン、1-オクテン、1-デセン、1-ドデセン、1-テトラデセン、1-ヘキサデセン、1-オクタデセン、1-エイコセンなどが挙げられる。これらは2種以上併用してもよい。
【0096】
これらは単独であるいは組み合わせて重合させることができる。
これらのうち、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、3-メチル-1-ブテン、3-メチル-1-ペンテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテンなどが好ましく用いられる。
【0097】
また上記のα−オレフィンとともに、必要に応じて、
スチレン、置換スチレン類、アリルベンゼン、置換アリルベンゼン類、ビニルナフタレン類、置換ビニルナフタレン類、アリルナフタレン類、置換アリルナフタレン類などの芳香族ビニル化合物、
ビニルシクロペンタン、置換ビニルシクロペンタン類、ビニルシクロヘキサン、置換ビニルシクロヘキサン類、ビニルシクロヘプタン、置換ビニルシクロヘプタン類、アリルノルボルナンなどの脂環族ビニル化合物、
シクロペンテン、シクロヘプテン、ノルボルネン、5-メチル-2-ノルボルネン、テトラシクロドデセン、2-メチル-1,4,5,8-ジメタノ-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-オクタヒドロナフタレンなどの環状オレフィン、
アリルトリメチルシラン、アリルトリエチルシラン、4-トリメチルシリル-1-ブテン、6-トリメチルシリル-1-ヘキセン、8-トリメチルシリル-1-オクテン、10-トリメチルシリル-1-デセンなどのシラン系不飽和化合物、
さらにはポリエン化合物などを用いることもできる。
【0098】
本発明では、重合は溶解重合、懸濁重合などの液相重合法あるいは気相重合法いずれにおいても実施することができる。
重合がスラリー重合の反応形態を採る場合、反応不活性な炭化水素を溶媒として用いることもできるし、反応温度において液状のオレフィンを用いることもできる。この炭化水素溶媒のうちでは、脂肪族炭化水素を用いることが好ましい。
【0099】
本発明の重合方法において、固体状チタン触媒成分(A)または予備重合触媒は、重合容積1リットル当りチタン原子に換算して、通常は約0. 001〜100ミリモル、好ましくは約0. 005〜20ミリモルとなるような量で用いられる。
【0100】
有機金属化合物触媒成分(B)は、該触媒成分(B)中の金属原子が、重合系中の固体状チタン触媒成分(A)中のチタン原子1モルに対し、通常約1〜2000モル、好ましくは約2〜500モルとなるような量で用いられる。
【0101】
電子供与体(C)は、該触媒成分(B)中の金属原子1モルに対し、通常約0. 001〜10モル、好ましくは0. 01〜5モルとなるような量で用いられる。
【0102】
重合時に水素を用いれば、得られる重合体の分子量を調節することができ、メルトフローレートの大きい重合体が得られる。
本発明に係る重合方法では、用いるオレフィンによっても異なるが、重合は通常、以下のような条件下で行われる。
【0103】
重合温度は、通常約20〜300℃、好ましくは約50〜150℃であり、重合圧力は、常圧〜100kg/cm2 、好ましくは約2〜50kg/cm2 である。
【0104】
本発明においては、重合を、バッチ式、半連続式、連続式のいずれの方法においても行うことができる。さらに重合を、反応条件を変えて2段以上に分けて行うこともできる。
【0105】
本発明では、オレフィンの単独重合体を製造してもよく、また2種以上のオレフィンからランダム共重合体またはブロック共重合体などを製造してもよい。
上記のようにオレフィン重合用触媒を用いてオレフィンの重合方法を行うと、極めて高い重合活性で製造することができ、炭素原子数が3以上のオレフィンを重合すると立体規則性の高いオレフィン重合体を製造することができる。
【0106】
上記のような本発明に係るオレフィンの重合方法によってたとえばプロピレンを重合させると、アイソタクチック立体特異性(立体規則性)I.I.が、94.5〜98.5%の高立体規則性ポリプロピレンを製造することができる。
【0107】
本発明で得られるオレフィン重合体のメルトフローレート(MFR、ASTMD1238E)は、通常5000g/10分以下、好ましくは0.01〜3000g/10分、より好ましくは0.02〜2000g/10分、特に好ましくは0.05〜1000g/10分の範囲にある。
【0108】
また135℃デカリン中で測定される極限粘度〔η〕が、通常0.05〜20dl/g、好ましくは0.1〜15dl/g、特に好ましくは0.2〜13dl/gの範囲にある。
【0109】
さらに本発明で得られるオレフィン重合体には、必要に応じて耐熱安定剤、耐候安定剤、帯電防止剤、アンチブロッキング剤、滑剤、核剤、顔料、染料、無機あるいは有機充填剤などを配合することもできる。
【0110】
【発明の効果】
本発明のオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分は、微結晶サイズの大きさ、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積および平均触媒粒径が特定の範囲にあるので高い重合活性でオレフィンを重合することができる。また、炭素原子数3以上のα−オレフィンを重合したときに立体規則性の高いオレフィン(共)重合体が得られる。
【0111】
本発明のオレフィン重合用固体状チタン触媒成分の製造方法は、上記のような優れた性質を有する触媒成分を製造することができる。
本発明のオレフィン重合用触媒およびオレフィンの重合方法は、高い重合活性でオレフィンを重合することができる。また、炭素原子数3以上のα−オレフィンを重合したときに立体規則性の高いオレフィン(共)重合体が得られる。
【0112】
【実施例】
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0113】
【実施例1】
[固体状チタン触媒成分(A)の調製]
無水塩化マグネシウム47.7g、精製トルエン235mlおよび2-エチルヘキシルアルコール195.3gを還流下120℃で3時間加熱して均一溶液とした後、この溶液中に下記のような構造を有する9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレン19.1gを添加し、さらに120℃還流下にて1時間撹拌混合を行い、9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレンを完全に溶解させた。
【0114】
【化7】
【0115】
このようにして得られた均一溶液を室温に冷却した後、−20℃に保持した四塩化チタン80ml中にこの均一溶液の内、30mlを20分間にわたって滴下装入した。装入終了後、この混合液の温度を4時間かけて110℃に昇温し、これより2時間同温度にて撹拌下保持した。
【0116】
2時間の反応終了後、熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、この固体部を110mlの四塩化チタンに再懸濁させた後、攪拌下で再び110℃まで昇温し、2時間の加熱反応を行った。
【0117】
反応終了後、再び熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、110℃のデカンで洗浄後さらに室温下、ヘキサンにて洗液中に遊離のチタン化合物が検出されなくなるまで充分洗浄した。
【0118】
以上の操作によって調製した固体状チタン触媒成分(A)はデカンスラリーとして保存したが、この内の一部を触媒組成を調べる目的で乾燥した。
このようにして得られた固体状チタン触媒成分(A)の微結晶サイズは26Åであり、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積が0.002cm3 /gであり、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積が0.560cm3 /gであり、光透過式沈降法によって測定した平均触媒粒径が11.2μmであった。また、固体状チタン触媒成分(A)は、チタンを4.7重量%、塩素を54重量%、マグネシウムを15重量%、9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレンを16.2重量%の割合で含有していた。
【0119】
[重 合]
内容積1リットルのオートクレーブに精製n-ヘプタン400mlを装入し、60℃、プロピレン雰囲気にてトリエチルアルミニウム0.4ミリモル、シクロヘキシルメチルジメトキシシラン0.04ミリモルおよび前記固体状チタン触媒成分(A)をチタン原子換算で0.004ミリモル装入した。
【0120】
さらに60℃で水素75mlを導入し、70℃に昇温した後これを1時間保持してプロピレン重合を行った。重合中の圧力は5kg/cm2-G に保った。
重合終了後、生成固体を含むスラリーを濾過して白色粉末と液相部に分離した。
【0121】
乾燥後の白色粉末状重合体の収量は90.5gであり、沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(I.I.)は98.74%であり、MFRは3.5g/10分であり、見掛嵩密度は0.41g/cm3 であった。一方液相部の濃縮により溶媒可溶性重合体0.2gを得た。従って活性は22,700g−PP/mmol−Ti、21,700g−PP/g−触媒であり、得られたポリマー全体における沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(t-I.I.)は98.5%であった。
【0122】
【実施例2】
[固体状チタン触媒成分(B)の調製]
無水塩化マグネシウム95.3g、デカン485mlおよび2-エチルヘキシルアルコール390.6gを140℃で3時間加熱して均一溶液とした後、この溶液中に無水フタル酸22.2gを添加し、さらに130℃にて1時間撹拌混合を行い、無水フタル酸をこの均一溶液に溶解させた。
【0123】
このようにして得られた均一溶液を室温に冷却した後、−20℃に保持した四塩化チタン80ml中にこの均一溶液の内、30mlを20分間にわたって滴下装入した。装入終了後、この混合液の温度を4時間かけて110℃に昇温し、110℃に達したところで予めトルエンに溶解させた9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレン1.91gを添加し、これより2時間同温度にて撹拌下保持した。
【0124】
2時間の反応終了後、熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、この固体部を110mlの四塩化チタンにて再懸濁させた後、攪拌下で再び110℃まで昇温し、2時間の加熱反応を行った。
【0125】
反応終了後、再び熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、110℃デカンおよびヘキサンにて洗液中に遊離のチタン化合物が検出されなくなるまで充分洗浄した。
以上の操作によって調製した固体状チタン触媒成分(B)はデカンスラリーとして保存したが、この内の一部を触媒組成を調べる目的で乾燥した。
【0126】
このようにして得られた固体状チタン触媒成分(B)の微結晶サイズは46Åであり、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積が0.128cm3 /gであり、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積が0.431cm3 /gであり、光透過式沈降法によって測定した平均触媒粒径が12.1μmであった。また、固体状チタン触媒成分(B)は、チタンを2.5重量%、塩素を60重量%、マグネシウムを18重量%および9,9-ビス(メトキシメチル)フルオレンを8.6重量%の割合で含有していた。
【0127】
[重 合]
実施例1において、固体状チタン触媒成分(A)に代えて、固体状チタン触媒成分(B)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてプロピレンの重合を行った。
【0128】
乾燥後の白色粉末状重合体の収量は89.3gであり、沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(I.I.)は98.33%であり、MFRは5.1g/10分であり、見掛嵩密度は0.38g/cm3 であった。一方液相部の濃縮により溶媒可溶性重合体1.0gを得た。従って活性は22,600g−PP/mmol−Ti、11,800g−PP/g−触媒であり、得られたポリマー全体における沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(t-I.I.)は97.3%であった。
【0129】
【比較例1】
[固体状チタン触媒成分(C)の調製]
無水塩化マグネシウム95.3g、デカン485mlおよび2-エチルヘキシルアルコール390.6gを140℃で2時間加熱して均一溶液とした後、この溶液中に下記のような構造を有する2-イソプロピル-2-イソブチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパン34.6mlを添加し、さらに、130℃にて1時間撹拌混合を行った。
【0130】
【化8】
【0131】
このようにして得られた均一溶液を室温に冷却した後、−20℃に保持した四塩化チタン80ml中にこの均一溶液の内、30mlを20分間にわたって滴下装入した。装入終了後、さらにメチルハイドロジュンポリシロキサン7.5mlを添加した後、この混合液の温度を4時間かけて110℃に昇温し、これより2時間同温度にて撹拌下保持した。
【0132】
2時間の反応終了後、熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、この固体部を110mlの四塩化チタンに再懸濁させた後、攪拌下で再び110℃まで昇温し、2時間の加熱反応を行った。
【0133】
反応終了後、再び熱濾過にて固体部を採取し、110℃のデカンで洗浄後さらに室温下、ヘキサンにて洗液中に遊離のチタン化合物が検出されなくなるまで充分洗浄した。
【0134】
以上の操作によって調製した固体状チタン触媒成分(C)はデカンスラリーとして保存したが、この内の一部を触媒組成を調べる目的で乾燥した。
このようにして得られた固体状チタン触媒成分(C)の微結晶サイズは153Åであり、半径0.1μm以下の細孔の容積が0.179cm3 /gであり、半径0.1〜7.5μmの細孔の容積が0.383cm3 /gであり、光透過式沈降法によって測定した平均触媒粒径が13.6μmであった。また、固体状チタン触媒成分(C)は、チタンを19.0重量%、塩素を53重量%、マグネシウムを6重量%、2-イソプロピル-2-イソブチル-1,3-ジメトキシプロパンを5.8重量%の割合で含有していた。
【0135】
[重 合]
実施例1において、固体状チタン触媒成分(A)に代えて、固体状チタン触媒成分(C)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてプロピレンの重合を行った。
【0136】
重合終了後、生成固体を含むスラリーを濾過して白色粉末と液相部に分離した。
乾燥後の白色粉末状重合体の収量は3.2gであり、沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(I.I.)は96.23%であり、メルトフローレート(MFR)は7.8g/10分であり、見掛嵩密度は0.26g/cm3 であった。一方液相部の濃縮によって溶媒可溶性重合体0.1gを得た。従って活性は800g−PP/mmol−Ti、3,300g−PP/g−触媒であり、得られたポリマー全体における沸騰ヘプタンによる抽出残率(t-I.I.)は93.3%であった。
【0137】
以上の結果を表1および表2に示す。
【0138】
【表1】
【0139】
【表2】
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solid titanium catalyst component used as a catalyst component for producing a (co) polymer of olefin, a method for producing the same, a catalyst for olefin polymerization containing the catalyst component, and a method for polymerizing olefin using the catalyst It is about.
[0002]
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventionally, a catalyst containing a titanium compound supported on an active magnesium halide as a catalyst used for producing an olefin copolymer such as an α-olefin homopolymer or an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer It has been known. As such an olefin polymerization catalyst, a catalyst comprising a solid titanium catalyst component comprising magnesium, titanium, halogen and an electron donor and an organometallic compound catalyst component is known.
[0003]
A polymer having high stereoregularity by using such a solid titanium catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium, halogen and an electron donor as essential components at the time of polymerization of an α-olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms. It is also known that can be produced in high yield.
[0004]
The solid titanium catalyst component may be prepared by, for example, contacting a hydrocarbon solution of a halogen-containing magnesium compound with a liquid titanium compound to form a solid product, or carbonizing a magnesium halide compound and a titanium compound. A method of forming a solid product after forming a hydrogen solution and forming the solid product in the presence of an electron donor is known.
[0005]
As described above, many proposals have been made on methods for preparing a solid titanium catalyst component, but little research has been conducted on the properties of the obtained solid titanium catalyst component.
[0006]
Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted research for the purpose of obtaining a solid titanium catalyst component capable of obtaining an olefin (co) polymer having high stereoregularity with higher polymerization activity. , Microcrystal size of the solid titanium catalyst component (magnesium halide microcrystal size forming the solid titanium catalyst component), pore volume of radius 0.1 μm or less, radius 0.1-7.5 μm When the pore volume and the average catalyst particle size are in a specific range, the olefin polymerization catalyst containing this solid titanium catalyst component can produce an olefin (co) polymer with high polymerization activity and carbon atoms. The inventors have found that an olefin (co) polymer having high stereoregularity can be obtained when polymerizing α-olefins of several or more, and have completed the present invention.
[0007]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object thereof is to provide a solid titanium catalyst component capable of (co) polymerizing olefins with high polymerization activity and a method for producing the same. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an olefin polymerization catalyst containing such a solid titanium catalyst component and an olefin polymerization method using the catalyst.
[0008]
Summary of the Invention
[0010]
The solid titanium catalyst component according to the present invention is prepared, for example, by bringing a liquid magnesium compound and a liquid titanium compound into contact with each other in the presence of a diether compound having a fluorene ring represented by the following general formula (i). be able to;
[0011]
[Chemical 3]
[0012]
(In the formula, R a and R b may be the same or different from each other and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X and Y may be the same or different from each other, and Represents an alkyl group of 1 to 6 or a halogen atom, m is 0 ≦ m ≦ 4, and n is 0 ≦ n ≦ 4.
[0013]
The solid titanium catalyst component is obtained by contacting a liquid magnesium compound with a diether compound having a fluorene ring represented by the above general formula (i),
Subsequently, it can prepare by contacting the solution obtained above and the titanium compound of a liquid state.
[0014]
The liquid magnesium compound can be prepared, for example, by bringing a magnesium compound into contact with a compound capable of dissolving the magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of alcohol, ester, and ether in a hydrocarbon solvent.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereafter, the manufacturing method of the solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization which concerns on this invention is demonstrated concretely.
[0018]
In the present specification, the term “polymerization” is sometimes used in the meaning including not only homopolymerization but also copolymerization, and the term “polymer” refers not only to homopolymer but also to copolymerization. It may be used in the meaning that also includes coalescence.
[0019]
Solid titanium catalyst component The solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization according to the present invention contains titanium, magnesium and halogen as essential components.
[0020]
In the solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization according to the present invention, titanium is 0.3 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably 0.8 to 6% by weight, and still more preferably 1 to 1. Containing 5% by weight,
Magnesium is contained in a proportion of 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 8 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 28% by weight, still more preferably 12 to 25% by weight,
Halogen is contained in an amount of 30 to 75% by weight, preferably 35 to 75% by weight, more preferably 38 to 72% by weight, and still more preferably 40 to 70% by weight.
[0021]
The solid titanium catalyst component of the present invention preferably contains an electron donor in addition to the titanium, magnesium and halogen. In this case, the electron donor is 0.5 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to It is desirable that it is contained in a proportion of 27% by weight, more preferably 3 to 25% by weight, still more preferably 5 to 23% by weight.
[0022]
Examples of the electron donor include an electron donor (a) as described later, and among them, a diether compound having a fluorene ring represented by the following general formula (i) is preferable.
[0023]
The composition of the solid titanium catalyst component was as follows. The solid titanium catalyst component was thoroughly washed with a large amount of hexane, dried at 0.1 to 1 Torr at room temperature for 2 hours or more, then ICP (atomic absorption analysis), GC It is determined by measuring (gas chromatography).
[0024]
The solid titanium catalyst component according to the present invention has a crystallite size calculated from the peak of the (110) plane by X-ray diffraction of the magnesium halide (microcrystal) forming the catalyst component is 3 to 100 mm, preferably 5 It is in the range of ˜80 よ り, more preferably in the range of 10˜40 Å, and still more preferably in the range of 10˜30 Å.
[0025]
When the crystallite size is much smaller than 3 mm, the particle shape of the catalyst is deteriorated, and the apparent bulk density of the olefin (co) polymer to be produced may be reduced.
When the crystallite size is much larger than 100 mm, the polymerization activity may be lowered, or the stereoregularity of the olefin (co) polymer to be produced may be lowered.
[0026]
The solid titanium catalyst component according to the present invention, the volume of the following pore radius 0.1μm is 0.20 cm 3 / g or less, preferably 0.15 cm 3 / g or less, more preferably 0.01 cm 3 / g or less More preferably, it is 0.005 cm 3 / g or less, and the volume of pores having a radius of 0.1 to 7.5 μm is 0.30 cm 3 / g or more, preferably 0.40 cm 3 / g or more, more preferably 0. .45 cm 3 / g or more, particularly preferably 0.50 cm 3 / g or more.
[0027]
When the volume of pores having a radius of 0.1 μm or less is much larger than 0.20 cm 3 / g, the polymerization activity may decrease, or the stereoregularity of the generated olefin (co) polymer may decrease,
When the volume of pores having a radius of 0.1 to 7.5 μm is much smaller than 0.30 cm 3 / g, the polymerization activity may be lowered.
[0028]
The solid titanium catalyst component according to the present invention has an average catalyst particle size (volume standard) measured by a light transmission precipitation method of 0.5 to 80 μm, preferably 3 to 70 μm, more preferably 3 to 35 μm. .
[0029]
If the average catalyst particle size is much smaller than 0.5 μm, the resulting olefin (co) polymer may contain fine powder.
Here, the crystallite size, pore volume and average catalyst particle size are measured as follows.
[0030]
[Microcrystal size]
The crystallite size is measured with an X-ray diffractometer (RU-300, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) by measuring the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the (110) plane, and a known Scherrer equation (where 0.9 is a constant) Obtained by applying K). All samples used for measuring the crystallite size were handled under a nitrogen atmosphere. The method for measuring the crystallite size using Scherrer's equation is detailed in “Karrit X-ray diffraction theory (translated by Gentaro Matsumura) published by Agne”.
[0031]
[Pore volume]
About 0.3 g of the pore volume test sample was precisely weighed under a nitrogen atmosphere, placed in a measurement cell, deaerated at room temperature (approx. 0.7 Pa reached), and then mercury was injected. This cell was attached to the apparatus and measured. The measurement conditions are shown below.
[0032]
Equipment: Porosimeter 2000 made by Carlo Elba
Measurement pressure range: about 1000 kPa to 190 MPa
Measurement mode: Pressurization process cell volume in the above pressure range: 15 cm 3
[(Method) for measuring (number) average catalyst particle size]
The number average catalyst particle size was measured by applying a known Stokes equation (the following equation) by a light transmission sedimentation method. As an apparatus, an automatic particle size distribution measuring apparatus CAPA-300 type (manufactured by Horiba) was used. As the dispersant, a mixed solution of decalin and triolein (decalin / triolein = 1/4 (weight ratio)) was used.
[0033]
[Expression 1]
[0034]
D: catalyst particle size (cm)
η 0 : Dispersion medium viscosity coefficient (piose)
ρ: Sample density (g / cm 3 )
ρ 0 : Dispersion medium density (g / cm 3 )
t: Settling time (sec.)
X 1 : Distance from the center of rotation to the settled surface (cm)
X 2 : Distance from the center of rotation to the measurement surface (cm)
ω: rotational angular velocity (rad / sec.)
[0035]
Process for the preparation of adjustment <br/> olefin polymerization solid titanium catalyst component according to the present invention of the solid titanium catalyst component is not particularly limited, for example, can be prepared by such the following method.
(1) A method in which a liquid magnesium compound is brought into contact with a liquid titanium compound in the presence of an electron donor (a).
(2) A liquid magnesium compound and an electron donor (a) are contacted, and then the obtained solution and a titanium compound in a liquid state are contacted, and then an electron donor (b) if necessary. And a method of contacting with a titanium compound in a liquid state.
[0036]
Next, each raw material used for preparation of such a solid titanium catalyst component will be described.
Liquid magnesium compound The liquid magnesium compound can be prepared from a magnesium compound having a reducing ability and a magnesium compound having no reducing ability.
[0037]
Here, as the magnesium compound having reducing ability, for example, the formula X n MgR 2-n
(In the formula, n is 0 ≦ n <2, R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a cycloalkyl group, and when n is 0, R may be the same or different and X is a halogen)
The organic magnesium compound represented by these can be mentioned.
[0038]
Specifically, as an organomagnesium compound having such reducing ability,
Dimethyl magnesium, diethyl magnesium, dipropyl magnesium, dibutyl magnesium, diamyl magnesium, dihexyl magnesium, didecyl magnesium,
Ethyl magnesium chloride, propyl magnesium chloride, butyl magnesium chloride, hexyl magnesium chloride, amyl magnesium chloride,
Examples thereof include butyl ethoxy magnesium, ethyl butyl magnesium, octyl butyl magnesium, butyl magnesium hydride and the like. These magnesium compounds may be used alone or may form a complex compound with an organoaluminum compound described later. These magnesium compounds may be liquid or solid.
[0039]
Further, as an organomagnesium compound having no reducing ability, specifically,
Magnesium halides such as magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium iodide, magnesium fluoride;
Alkoxy magnesium halides such as methoxy magnesium chloride, ethoxy magnesium chloride, isopropoxy magnesium chloride, butoxy magnesium chloride, octoxy magnesium chloride;
Allyloxymagnesium halides such as phenoxymagnesium chloride and methylphenoxymagnesium chloride;
Alkoxy magnesium such as ethoxy magnesium, isopropoxy magnesium, butoxy magnesium, n-octoxy magnesium, 2-ethylhexoxy magnesium;
Allyloxymagnesium such as phenoxymagnesium and dimethylphenoxymagnesium;
Examples thereof include magnesium carboxylates such as magnesium laurate and magnesium stearate.
[0040]
These magnesium compounds having no reducing ability may be compounds derived from the above-described magnesium compounds having reducing ability or compounds derived at the time of preparation of the catalyst component. In order to derive a magnesium compound having no reducing ability from a magnesium compound having a reducing ability, for example, a magnesium compound having a reducing ability is converted into a halogen such as a polysiloxane compound, a halogen-containing silane compound, a halogen-containing aluminum compound, an ester or an alcohol. What is necessary is just to make it contact with the compound which has a containing compound, OH group, and an active carbon-oxygen bond.
[0041]
The magnesium compound is a complex compound of the above magnesium compound and another metal, a complex compound or a mixture of another metal compound in addition to the magnesium compound having the reducing ability and the magnesium compound not having the reducing ability. May be. Furthermore, the composite material which combined 2 or more types of said compound may be sufficient.
[0042]
Among these, a magnesium compound having no reducing ability is preferable, and a halogen-containing magnesium compound is particularly preferable. Among these, magnesium chloride, alkoxy magnesium chloride, and allyloxy magnesium chloride are preferable, and magnesium chloride is particularly preferably used.
[0043]
Examples of the compound that can solubilize the solid magnesium compound include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, and esters.
[0044]
Specifically, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, octanol, dodecanol, octadecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, cumyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, isopropylbenzyl alcohol Alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as ethylene glycol;
Halogen-containing alcohols having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as trichloromethanol, trichloroethanol, trichlorohexanol;
Ethers having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as methyl ether, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, butyl ether, amyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl benzyl ether, dibutyl ether, anisole, diphenyl ether;
Examples thereof include metal acid esters such as tetraethoxytitanium, tetra-n-propoxytitanium, tetra-i-propoxytitanium, tetrabutoxytitanium, tetrahexoxytitanium, tetrabutoxyzirconium, and tetraethoxyzirconium.
[0045]
Among these, alcohol is preferable, and 2-ethylhexanol is particularly preferable.
In addition, the compound which can solubilize the said magnesium compound is used also as electron donor (a), (b) mentioned later.
[0046]
Specific examples of hydrocarbon solvents used for the preparation of liquid magnesium compounds include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, and kerosene; cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclopentane. And alicyclic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride and chlorobenzene, and mixtures thereof. Of these, aliphatic hydrocarbons are preferable, and decane and hexane are particularly preferable.
[0047]
Electron donor (a)
Examples of the electron donor (a) used for the preparation of the solid titanium catalyst component include alcohols, ethers, metal acid esters exemplified as compounds capable of solubilizing magnesium compounds, and alcohols other than those described above, phenol, Examples include ketones, aldehydes, amines, pyridine, organic acid esters, aliphatic carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, aliphatic carbonates, organic silicon compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, polyvalent carboxylic acid esters, diethers, and polyethers.
[0048]
Specifically, aliphatic alcohols such as methyl carbitol, 2-methylpentanol, 2-ethylbutanol, decanol, tetradecyl alcohol, undecenol and stearyl alcohol; alicyclic alcohols such as cyclohexanol and methylcyclohexanol; methyl Aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, α-methylbenzyl alcohol, α, α-dimethylbenzyl alcohol; aliphatics containing alkoxy groups such as n-butyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, 2-butoxyethanol, 1-butoxy-2-propanol Alcohols other than those mentioned above, such as alcohol;
Phenol having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a lower alkyl group such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, ethylphenol, propylphenol, nonylphenol, cumylphenol, naphthol;
Ketones having 3 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl n-butyl ketone, acetophenone, benzophenone, benzoquinone, cyclohexanone;
Aldehyde having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, such as acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, octylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, tolualdehyde, naphthaldehyde;
Amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, tribenzylamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine;
Pyridines such as pyridine, methylpyridine, ethylpyridine, propylpyridine, dimethylpyridine, ethylmethylpyridine, trimethylpyridine, phenylpyridine, benzylpyridine, pyridine chloride;
Methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, vinyl acetate, propyl acetate, i-butyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, octyl acetate, cyclohexyl acetate, methyl chloroacetate, ethyl dichloroacetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl pivalate , Methyl butyrate, ethyl valerate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl crotonic acid, ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, octyl benzoate, cyclohexyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, benzoate Carbon atoms such as benzyl acid, methyl toluate, ethyl toluate, amyl toluate, ethyl ethyl benzoate, methyl anisate, ethyl anisate, ethyl ethoxybenzoate, γ-butyrolactone, δ-valerolactone, coumarin, phthalide 2-1 8 organic acid esters;
Aliphatic carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid;
Acid anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, benzoic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride;
Aliphatic carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate;
Organosilicon compounds such as methyl silicate, ethyl silicate and diphenyldimethoxysilane, preferably R 1 x R 2 y Si (OR 3 ) z (R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other, Or halogen, R 3 is a hydrocarbon group, and 0 ≦ x <2, 0 ≦ y <2, 0 <z ≦ 4))
And organic phosphorus compounds having a P—O—C bond such as trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite.
[0049]
Examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid ester include compounds having a skeleton represented by the following general formula.
[0050]
[Formula 4]
[0051]
In the formula, R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, R 5 , R 8 and R 9 represent hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, and R 6 and R 7 represent hydrogen or a substituted group. Or an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, preferably at least one of which is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group. R 6 and R 7 may be connected to each other to form a cyclic structure. Substituents in the case where the hydrocarbon groups R 4 to R 9 are substituted include heteroatoms such as N, O, and S, for example, C—O—C, COOR, COOH, OH, SO 3 H, — It has groups such as C—N—C— and NH 2 .
[0052]
As such a polyvalent carboxylic acid ester, specifically,
Diethyl succinate, dibutyl succinate, diethyl methyl succinate, diisobutyl α-methylglutarate, diethyl methylmalonate, diethyl ethylmalonate, diethyl isopropylmalonate, diethyl butylmalonate, diethyl phenylmalonate, diethyl diethylmalonate, dibutyl Diethyl malonate, monooctyl maleate, dioctyl maleate, dibutyl maleate, dibutyl butyl maleate, diethyl butyl maleate, diisopropyl β-methylglutarate, diallyl ethyl succinate, di-2-ethylhexyl fumarate, diethyl itaconate, Aliphatic polycarboxylic esters such as dioctyl citraconic acid;
Alicyclic polycarboxylic acid esters such as diethyl 1,2-cyclohexanecarboxylate, diisobutyl 1,2-cyclohexanecarboxylate, diethyl tetrahydrophthalate, diethyl nadic acid;
Monoethyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, methyl ethyl phthalate, monoisobutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, ethyl isobutyl phthalate, di-n-propyl phthalate, diisopropyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, phthalate Di-n-heptyl acrylate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, dineopentyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, diphenyl phthalate, diethyl naphthalene dicarboxylate, dibutyl naphthalene dicarboxylate Aromatic polycarboxylic acid esters such as triethyl acid and dibutyl trimellitic acid;
And heterocyclic polycarboxylic acid esters such as 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid.
[0053]
Other examples of polyvalent carboxylic acid esters include long chains such as diethyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, di-n-butyl sebacate, di-n-octyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate Mention may also be made of esters of dicarboxylic acids.
[0054]
Examples of the diether compound include diether compounds having a fluorene ring represented by the following general formula (i).
[0055]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0056]
In the formula, R a and R b may be the same or different from each other, and are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl. , Tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like.
[0057]
X and Y may be the same as or different from each other, and represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.
m is 0 ≦ m ≦ 4, and n is 0 ≦ n ≦ 4.
[0058]
Examples of the diether compound having a fluorene ring represented by the general formula (i) include
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene,
9,9-bis (ethoxymethyl) fluorene,
9-methoxy-9-ethoxymethylfluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -2,7-dimethylfluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -2,6-diisopropylfluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -3,6-diisobutylfluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -2-isobutyl-7-isopropylfluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -2,7-dichlorofluorene,
9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) -2-chloro-7-isopropylfluorene and the like.
[0059]
Examples of the polyether compound include compounds represented by the following general formula.
[0060]
[Chemical 6]
[0061]
(In the formula, n is an integer of 2 ≦ n ≦ 10, and R 1 to R 26 have at least one element selected from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and silicon. Arbitrary R 1 to R 26 , preferably R 1 to R 20 may be combined to form a ring other than a benzene ring, and atoms other than carbon are contained in the main chain. May be.)
Of these, 1,3-diether is preferably used.
2,2-diisobutyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2-isopropyl-2-isobutyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2,2-dicyclohexyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2,2-bis (cyclohexylmethyl) -1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2-cyclohexyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2-isopropyl-2-s-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane,
2-cyclopentyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane and the like are preferably used.
[0062]
Furthermore, as the electron donor (a), an acid halide having 2 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, toluic acid chloride, anisic acid chloride;
Acid amides such as acetic acid N, N-dimethylamide, benzoic acid N, N-diethylamide, toluic acid N, N-dimethylamide;
Nitriles such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile, trinitrile;
Other amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine;
Pyrrole such as pyrrole, methylpyrrole, dimethylpyrrole;
Pyrroline; pyrrolidine; indole; nitrogen-containing cyclic compounds such as piperidine, quinoline, isoquinoline;
Examples thereof also include cyclic oxygenates such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-cineole, 1,8-cineole, pinolfuran, methylfuran, dimethylfuran, diphenylfuran, benzofuran, coumaran, phthalane, tetrahydropyran, pyran, and dihydropyran.
[0063]
Among these, the electron donor (a) is preferably an acid anhydride, an alcohol, a polyvalent carboxylic acid, a polyether and a diether having a fluorene ring, and further an acid anhydride, an aliphatic alcohol containing an alkoxy group, an aromatic Group polycarboxylic acid esters, 1,3-diethers and diethers having a fluorene ring are preferred, and diethers having a fluorene ring are particularly preferred.
[0064]
Electron donor (b)
Examples of the electron donor (b) used for the preparation of the solid titanium catalyst component include the same compounds as those exemplified as the electron donor (a).
[0065]
Among these, as the electron donor (b), acid anhydrides, alcohols, polyvalent carboxylic acids, polyethers and diethers having a fluorene ring are preferable, and acid anhydrides, aliphatic alcohols containing alkoxy groups, aromatics Group polycarboxylic acid esters, 1,3-diethers and diethers having a fluorene ring are preferred, and diethers having a fluorene ring are particularly preferred.
[0066]
The electron donor (a) and the electron donor (b) may be the same compound or different compounds.
Liquid state titanium compound Examples of the liquid state titanium compound used for the preparation of the solid titanium catalyst component include a tetravalent halogen-containing titanium compound represented by the following formula.
[0067]
Ti (OR) m X 4-m
(In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group, X represents a halogen atom, and 0 ≦ m <4.)
Specifically, as such a halogen-containing titanium compound,
Titanium tetrahalides such as TiCl 4 , TiBr 4 , TiI 4 ;
Ti (OCH 3) Cl 3, Ti (OC 2 H 5) Cl 3, Ti (On-C 4 H 9) Cl 3, Ti (OC 2 H 5) Br 3, Ti (Oiso-C 4 H 9) Br Trihalogenated alkoxytitanium such as 3 ;
Dihalogenated alkoxytitanium such as Ti (OCH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 , Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 Cl 2 , Ti (On—C 4 H 9 ) 2 Cl 2 , Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 Br 2 ;
Monohalogenated alkoxytitanium such as Ti (OCH 3 ) 3 Cl, Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 Cl, Ti (On—C 4 H 9 ) 3 Cl, Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 Br;
Tetra such as Ti (OCH 3 ) 4 , Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , Ti (On—C 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ti (Oiso-C 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ti (O-2-ethylhexyl) 4 An alkoxy titanium etc. can be mentioned. Among these, titanium tetrahalide is preferable, and titanium tetrachloride is particularly preferable.
[0068]
These titanium compounds may be used alone or in the form of a mixture. Or you may dilute and use for the above hydrocarbon solvents.
Next, the method for preparing the solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization will be described more specifically. Here, an example in which a halogen-containing magnesium compound is used for the preparation of a liquid magnesium compound, an alcohol is used as a compound capable of solubilizing the halogen-containing magnesium compound, and a diether having a fluorene ring is used as the electron donor (a). Indicates.
[0069]
First, the halogen-containing magnesium compound and the alcohol are brought into contact with each other in the hydrocarbon solvent to prepare a uniform solution (magnesium compound solution) in which the halogen-containing magnesium compound is dissolved in a mixed solvent of alcohol and hydrocarbon. To do.
[0070]
In this case, the alcohol is used in an amount of 1 to 40 mol, preferably 1.5 to 20 mol, relative to 1 mol of the halogen-containing magnesium compound, and the hydrocarbon solvent is used relative to 1 mol of the halogen-containing magnesium compound. It is used in an amount of 1 to 30 mol, preferably 1.5 to 15 mol. The contact temperature is 65 to 300 ° C, preferably 100 to 200 ° C, and the contact time is 15 to 300 minutes, preferably 30 to 120 minutes.
[0071]
Next, the magnesium compound solution is contacted with a diether compound having a fluorene ring to prepare a uniform solution (magnesium-diether compound solution). At this time, the diether compound having a fluorene ring is used in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 mol, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol, per 1 mol of the halogen-containing magnesium compound in the magnesium compound solution. . The contact temperature is -20 to 300 ° C, preferably 20 to 200 ° C, and the contact time is 5 to 240 minutes, preferably 10 to 120 minutes.
[0072]
Next, the magnesium-diether compound solution is brought into contact with the liquid titanium compound to prepare a mixed liquid (magnesium-titanium solution) containing the halogen-containing magnesium compound and the liquid titanium compound.
[0073]
In this case, the liquid titanium compound is used in an amount of 2 to 100 gram atoms, preferably 4 to 50 gram atoms, based on 1 gram atom of magnesium in the magnesium-diether compound solution. The contact temperature is −70 to 200 ° C., preferably −70 to 50 ° C., and the contact time is 5 to 300 minutes, preferably 30 to 180 minutes.
[0074]
Next, the magnesium-titanium solution obtained as described above is heated to 20 to 300 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C., so that the solid titanium catalyst component is obtained in a suspended state in a hydrocarbon solvent. It is done. At this time, the heating time is 10 to 360 minutes, preferably 30 to 300 minutes.
[0075]
After contacting the magnesium-diether compound solution and the liquid titanium compound, the magnesium-titanium solution and the electron donor (b) may be contacted. When contacting an electron donor (b), it is preferable to contact after heating a magnesium-titanium solution. As an electron donor (b) used here, the diether compound which has the fluorene ring used when preparing said magnesium-diether compound solution can be used.
[0076]
At this time, the electron donor (b) is used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 mol, preferably 0.1 to 1 mol, per 1 mol of the magnesium compound.
The suspension is subjected to solid-liquid separation by filtration or the like, and after the solid portion (solid titanium catalyst component) is collected, the solid portion may be further brought into contact with the liquid titanium compound. The obtained solid titanium catalyst component is preferably washed with a hydrocarbon solvent.
[0077]
The solid titanium catalyst component obtained in this way can be suspended in a hydrocarbon solvent and used as a catalyst component for olefin polymerization. May be used.
[0078]
Olefin polymerization catalyst The olefin polymerization catalyst according to the present invention comprises:
(A) the solid titanium catalyst component,
(B) formed from an organometallic compound catalyst component and (C) an electron donor.
[0079]
(B) Organometallic compound catalyst component The organometallic compound catalyst component preferably contains a metal selected from Group I to Group III of the Periodic Table, specifically, an organoaluminum compound, Group I Examples thereof include complex alkyl compounds of group metals and aluminum, and organometallic compounds of group II metals.
[0080]
As such an organoaluminum compound, for example, an organoaluminum compound represented by the following formula can be exemplified.
R a n AlX 3-n
(In the formula, Ra represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, X represents halogen or hydrogen, and n is 1 to 3).
In the above formula, R a is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group. Specifically, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, Examples thereof include isopropyl group, isobutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, phenyl group, and tolyl group.
[0081]
As such an organoaluminum compound, specifically,
Trialkylaluminums such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, tri-2-ethylhexylaluminum;
Alkenyl aluminum such as isoprenyl aluminum;
Dialkylaluminum halides such as dimethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum chloride, diisopropylaluminum chloride, diisobutylaluminum chloride, dimethylaluminum bromide;
Alkylaluminum sesquichlorides such as methylaluminum sesquichloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, isopropylaluminum sesquichloride, butylaluminum sesquichloride, ethylaluminum sesquibromide;
Alkylaluminum dihalides such as methylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, isopropylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dibromide;
Examples thereof include alkylaluminum hydrides such as diethylaluminum hydride and diisobutylaluminum hydride.
[0082]
Moreover, the compound shown by a following formula can also be used as an organoaluminum compound.
R a n AlY 3-n
(Wherein, R a is the same as above, Y is —OR b group, —OSiR c 3 group, —OAlR d 2 group, —NR e 2 group, —SiR f 3 group or —N (R g )) Represents an AlR h 2 group, n is 1 to 2, R b , R c , R d and R h represent a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, and the like ; Represents hydrogen, methyl group, ethyl group, isopropyl group, phenyl group, trimethylsilyl group, etc., and R f and R g represent methyl group, ethyl group, etc.)
As such an organoaluminum compound, specifically, the following compounds are used.
(I) R a n Al ( OR b) compound represented by the 3-n, e.g., dimethylaluminum methoxide, diethylaluminum ethoxide and diisobutylaluminum methoxide;
(Ii) R a n Al ( OSiR c) compound represented by the 3-n, e.g., Et 2 Al (OSiMe 3), (iso-Bu) 2 Al (OSiMe 3),
(Iso-Bu) 2 Al (OSiEt 3 ) and the like;
(Iii) R a n Al ( OAlR d 2) a compound represented by the 3-n, e.g., Et 2 AlOAlEt 2, such as (iso-Bu) 2 AlOAl ( iso-Bu) 2;
(Iv) R a n Al ( NR e 2) a compound represented by the 3-n, e.g., Me 2 AlNEt 2, Et 2 AlNHMe , Me 2 AlNHEt, Et 2 AlN (Me 3 Si) 2, (iso-Bu) 2 AlN (Me 3 Si) 2 etc .;
(V) R a n Al ( SiR f 3) a compound represented by 3-n, such as (iso-Bu) 2 AlSiMe 3 ;
(Vi) R a n Al [N (R g) AlR h 2 The compound represented by the 3-n, e.g., Et 2 AlN (Me) AlEt 2 , (iso-Bu) 2 AlN (Et) Al (iso-Bu ) 2 etc. (however, Me: methyl group, Et: ethyl group, Bu: butyl group).
[0083]
Further, compounds similar to these, for example, an organoaluminum compound in which two or more aluminums are bonded through an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom can be exemplified. More specifically,
(C 2 H 5) 2 AlOAl (C 2 H 5) 2,
(C 4 H 9 ) 2 AlOAl (C 4 H 9 ) 2 ,
Such as (C 2 H 5) 2 AlN (C 2 H 5) Al (C 2 H 5) 2.
[0084]
Furthermore, aluminoxane such as methylaluminoxane can be mentioned.
Among the above organoaluminum compounds,
Can be exemplified R a 3 Al, R a n Al (OR b) 3-n, an organic aluminum compound represented by R a n Al (OAlR d 2 ) 3-n Preferred examples.
[0085]
Examples of the complex alkylated product of a Group I metal and aluminum include compounds represented by the following general formula.
M 1 AlR j 4
(Wherein M 1 represents Li, Na or K, and R j represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms)
Specific examples include LiAl (C 2 H 5 ) 4 and LiAl (C 7 H 15 ) 4 .
[0086]
Examples of the organometallic compound of Group II metal include compounds represented by the following general formula.
R k R l M 2
(In the formula, R k and R l each represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms or a halogen, and may be the same or different from each other, except for the case where both are halogen. M 2 is Mg, Zn or Cd is shown.)
Specific examples include diethyl zinc, diethyl magnesium, butyl ethyl magnesium, ethyl magnesium chloride, and butyl magnesium chloride.
[0087]
Two or more of these compounds can be used in combination.
(C) Electron donor As the electron donor (C), for example, an organosilicon compound represented by the following general formula can be used.
[0088]
R n Si (OR ′) 4-n
(Wherein R and R ′ may be the same as or different from each other, each represents a hydrocarbon group, and 0 <n <4)
Specific examples of the organosilicon compound represented by such a general formula include the following compounds.
[0089]
Trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, diisopropyldimethoxysilane, t-butylmethyldimethoxysilane, t-butylmethyldiethoxysilane, t-amylmethyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, phenyl Methyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane, bis o-tolyldimethoxysilane, bism-tolyldimethoxysilane, bisp-tolyldimethoxysilane, bisp-tolyldiethoxysilane, bisethylphenyldimethoxysilane, dicyclohexyldimethoxysilane, cyclohexylmethyl Dimethoxysilane, cyclohexylmethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyl Trimethoxysilane, n-propyltriethoxysilane, decyltrimethoxysilane, decyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, t -Butyltriethoxysilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, iso-butyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, chlorotriethoxysilane, ethyltriisopropoxysilane, vinyltributoxysilane, cyclohexyl Trimethoxysilane, cyclohexyltriethoxysilane, 2-norbornanetrimethoxysilane, 2-norbornanetriethoxysilane, 2-norbornanemethyldimethoxysilane, ethyl silicate, silica Butyl, trimethyl phenoxy silane, methyl tri Lilo carboxylate (Allyloxy) silane, vinyltris (beta-methoxyethoxy silane), vinyl triacetoxy silane, dimethyl tetraethoxy disiloxane,
Cyclopentyltrimethoxysilane, 2-methylcyclopentyltrimethoxysilane, 2,3-dimethylcyclopentyltrimethoxysilane, cyclopentyltriethoxysilane,
Dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, bis (2-methylcyclopentyl) dimethoxysilane, bis (2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl) dimethoxysilane, dicyclopentyldiethoxysilane, p-tolylmethyldimethoxysilane, di-t-butyldimethoxysilane,
Tricyclopentylmethoxysilane, tricyclopentylethoxysilane, dicyclopentylmethylmethoxysilane, dicyclopentylethylmethoxysilane, hexenyltrimethoxysilane, dicyclopentylmethylethoxysilane, cyclopentyldimethylmethoxysilane, cyclopentyldiethylmethoxysilane, cyclopentyldimethylethoxysilane, and the like.
[0090]
Of these, ethyltriethoxysilane, n-propyltriethoxysilane, t-butyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, vinyltributoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, phenylmethyldimethoxysilane, bis-p- Tolyldimethoxysilane, p-tolylmethyldimethoxysilane, dicyclohexyldimethoxysilane, cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane, 2-norbornanetriethoxysilane, 2-norbornanemethyldimethoxysilane, dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, hexenyltrimethoxysilane, cyclopentyltriethoxysilane, tri Cyclopentylmethoxysilane, di-t-butyldimethoxysilane, cyclopentyldimethylmethoxysilane and the like are preferably used.
[0091]
Furthermore, in the present invention, as the electron donor (C),
2,6-substituted piperidines, 2,5-substituted piperidines,
Substituted methylenediamines such as N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylmethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraethylmethylenediamine,
Nitrogen-containing electron donors such as substituted imidazolidines such as 1,3-dibenzylimidazolidine and 1,3-dibenzyl-2-phenylimidazolidine,
Phosphorus-containing electrons such as phosphites such as triethyl phosphite, tri n-propyl phosphite, triisopropyl phosphite, tri n-butyl phosphite, triisobutyl phosphite, diethyl n-butyl phosphite, diethyl phenyl phosphite Donor,
Oxygen-containing electron donors such as 2,6-substituted tetrahydropyrans and 2,5-substituted tetrahydropyrans can also be used.
[0092]
Two or more of these electron donors (C) can be used in combination.
The catalyst for olefin polymerization according to the present invention can contain other components useful for olefin polymerization in addition to the above components.
[0093]
In the olefin polymerization catalyst according to the present invention, olefin may be preliminarily polymerized. The prepolymerization catalyst comprises olefins and polyenes used in the main polymerization described later in the presence of a solid titanium catalyst component (A), an organometallic compound catalyst component (B) and, if necessary, an electron donor (C). It is obtained by preliminarily (co) polymerizing a compound or the like.
[0094]
Olefin polymerization method In the olefin polymerization method (main polymerization) according to the present invention, the solid titanium catalyst component (A), organometallic compound catalyst component (B) and electron donor (C) as described above are used. The olefin is polymerized or copolymerized in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising or a olefin polymerization catalyst containing a prepolymer.
[0095]
Specific examples of the olefin polymerized in the present invention include α-olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 3 -Methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 3-ethyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 4,4-dimethyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-hexene, 4 , 4-Dimethyl-1-hexene, 4-ethyl-1-hexene, 3-ethyl-1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1 -Eikosen. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
[0096]
These can be polymerized alone or in combination.
Of these, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and the like are preferably used.
[0097]
In addition to the above α-olefin, if necessary,
Aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene, substituted styrenes, allylbenzene, substituted allylbenzenes, vinylnaphthalene, substituted vinylnaphthalene, allylnaphthalene, substituted allylnaphthalene,
Alicyclic vinyl compounds such as vinylcyclopentane, substituted vinylcyclopentanes, vinylcyclohexane, substituted vinylcyclohexanes, vinylcycloheptane, substituted vinylcycloheptanes, allyl norbornane,
Cyclopentene, cycloheptene, norbornene, 5-methyl-2-norbornene, tetracyclododecene, 2-methyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octa Cyclic olefins such as hydronaphthalene,
Silane unsaturated compounds such as allyltrimethylsilane, allyltriethylsilane, 4-trimethylsilyl-1-butene, 6-trimethylsilyl-1-hexene, 8-trimethylsilyl-1-octene, 10-trimethylsilyl-1-decene,
Furthermore, a polyene compound etc. can also be used.
[0098]
In the present invention, the polymerization can be carried out by either a liquid phase polymerization method such as solution polymerization or suspension polymerization or a gas phase polymerization method.
When the polymerization takes a reaction form of slurry polymerization, a reaction inert hydrocarbon can be used as a solvent, or a liquid olefin can be used at the reaction temperature. Of these hydrocarbon solvents, it is preferable to use aliphatic hydrocarbons.
[0099]
In the polymerization method of the present invention, the solid titanium catalyst component (A) or the prepolymerized catalyst is usually about 0.001 to 100 mmol, preferably about 0.005, in terms of titanium atom per liter of polymerization volume. The amount used is 20 mmol.
[0100]
In the organometallic compound catalyst component (B), the metal atom in the catalyst component (B) is usually about 1 to 2000 mol with respect to 1 mol of titanium atom in the solid titanium catalyst component (A) in the polymerization system, Preferably it is used in such an amount that it is about 2 to 500 mol.
[0101]
The electron donor (C) is generally used in an amount of about 0.001 to 10 mol, preferably 0.01 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the metal atom in the catalyst component (B).
[0102]
If hydrogen is used during the polymerization, the molecular weight of the resulting polymer can be adjusted, and a polymer having a high melt flow rate can be obtained.
In the polymerization method according to the present invention, although it depends on the olefin used, the polymerization is usually carried out under the following conditions.
[0103]
The polymerization temperature is usually about 20 to 300 ° C., preferably about 50 to 150 ° C., and the polymerization pressure is normal pressure to 100 kg / cm 2 , preferably about 2 to 50 kg / cm 2 .
[0104]
In the present invention, the polymerization can be carried out by any of batch, semi-continuous and continuous methods. Furthermore, the polymerization can be carried out in two or more stages by changing the reaction conditions.
[0105]
In the present invention, an olefin homopolymer may be produced, or a random copolymer or a block copolymer may be produced from two or more olefins.
When the olefin polymerization method is carried out using the olefin polymerization catalyst as described above, it can be produced with extremely high polymerization activity. When an olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms is polymerized, an olefin polymer having high stereoregularity can be obtained. Can be manufactured.
[0106]
When, for example, propylene is polymerized by the olefin polymerization method according to the present invention as described above, isotactic stereospecificity (stereoregularity). I. However, a highly stereoregular polypropylene of 94.5 to 98.5% can be produced.
[0107]
The melt flow rate (MFR, ASTM D1238E) of the olefin polymer obtained in the present invention is usually 5000 g / 10 min or less, preferably from 0.01 to 3000 g / 10 min, more preferably from 0.02 to 2000 g / 10 min, in particular. Preferably it exists in the range of 0.05-1000 g / 10min.
[0108]
The intrinsic viscosity [η] measured in decalin at 135 ° C. is usually in the range of 0.05 to 20 dl / g, preferably 0.1 to 15 dl / g, particularly preferably 0.2 to 13 dl / g.
[0109]
Furthermore, the olefin polymer obtained in the present invention is blended with a heat stabilizer, a weather stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an antiblocking agent, a lubricant, a nucleating agent, a pigment, a dye, an inorganic or organic filler, if necessary. You can also.
[0110]
【The invention's effect】
The solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization of the present invention has a crystallite size, a pore volume with a radius of 0.1 μm or less, a pore volume with a radius of 0.1 to 7.5 μm, and an average catalyst particle size. Since it is in a specific range, olefin can be polymerized with high polymerization activity. Further, when an α-olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms is polymerized, an olefin (co) polymer having high stereoregularity is obtained.
[0111]
The method for producing a solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization of the present invention can produce a catalyst component having the above excellent properties.
The olefin polymerization catalyst and olefin polymerization method of the present invention can polymerize olefins with high polymerization activity. Further, when an α-olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms is polymerized, an olefin (co) polymer having high stereoregularity is obtained.
[0112]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0113]
[Example 1]
[Preparation of solid titanium catalyst component (A)]
Anhydrous magnesium chloride (47.7 g), purified toluene (235 ml) and 2-ethylhexyl alcohol (195.3 g) were heated under reflux at 120 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a homogeneous solution. Bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene (19.1 g) was added, and the mixture was further stirred and mixed at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to completely dissolve 9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene.
[0114]
[Chemical 7]
[0115]
After cooling the homogeneous solution thus obtained to room temperature, 30 ml of this homogeneous solution was charged dropwise into 80 ml of titanium tetrachloride maintained at −20 ° C. over 20 minutes. After the completion of charging, the temperature of the mixed solution was raised to 110 ° C. over 4 hours, and then kept at the same temperature for 2 hours with stirring.
[0116]
After completion of the reaction for 2 hours, the solid part was collected by hot filtration, and the solid part was resuspended in 110 ml of titanium tetrachloride, and then the temperature was raised again to 110 ° C. with stirring and the reaction was continued for 2 hours Went.
[0117]
After completion of the reaction, the solid part was again collected by hot filtration, washed with decane at 110 ° C., and further thoroughly washed at room temperature with hexane until no free titanium compound was detected in the washing solution.
[0118]
The solid titanium catalyst component (A) prepared by the above operation was stored as a decane slurry, but a part thereof was dried for the purpose of examining the catalyst composition.
The solid titanium catalyst component (A) thus obtained has a crystallite size of 26 kg, a pore volume with a radius of 0.1 μm or less is 0.002 cm 3 / g, and a radius of 0.1 to 7 The pore volume of 0.5 μm was 0.560 cm 3 / g, and the average catalyst particle size measured by the light transmission precipitation method was 11.2 μm. The solid titanium catalyst component (A) is composed of 4.7% by weight of titanium, 54% by weight of chlorine, 15% by weight of magnesium, and 16.2% by weight of 9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene. Contained.
[0119]
[Polymerization]
An autoclave having an internal volume of 1 liter was charged with 400 ml of purified n-heptane, and at 60 ° C. in a propylene atmosphere, 0.4 mmol of triethylaluminum, 0.04 mmol of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane and the solid titanium catalyst component (A) were added. 0.004 mmol was charged in terms of titanium atoms.
[0120]
Further, 75 ml of hydrogen was introduced at 60 ° C., the temperature was raised to 70 ° C., and this was maintained for 1 hour to carry out propylene polymerization. The pressure during the polymerization was kept at 5 kg / cm 2 -G.
After completion of the polymerization, the slurry containing the produced solid was filtered to separate it into a white powder and a liquid phase part.
[0121]
The yield of the white powder polymer after drying is 90.5 g, the extraction residual ratio (II) with boiling heptane is 98.74%, the MFR is 3.5 g / 10 min, and the apparent bulk density is It was 0.41 g / cm 3 . On the other hand, 0.2 g of a solvent-soluble polymer was obtained by concentrating the liquid phase part. Therefore, the activity was 22,700 g-PP / mmol-Ti, 21,700 g-PP / g-catalyst, and the extraction residual ratio (tI.I.) with boiling heptane in the whole polymer was 98.5%. It was.
[0122]
[Example 2]
[Preparation of solid titanium catalyst component (B)]
95.3 g of anhydrous magnesium chloride, 485 ml of decane and 390.6 g of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol were heated at 140 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a homogeneous solution, and 22.2 g of phthalic anhydride was added to this solution, and the temperature was further increased to 130 ° C. The mixture was stirred and mixed for 1 hour, and phthalic anhydride was dissolved in this homogeneous solution.
[0123]
After cooling the homogeneous solution thus obtained to room temperature, 30 ml of this homogeneous solution was charged dropwise into 80 ml of titanium tetrachloride maintained at −20 ° C. over 20 minutes. After the completion of charging, the temperature of the mixture was raised to 110 ° C. over 4 hours, and when it reached 110 ° C., 1.91 g of 9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene previously dissolved in toluene was added. From this, the mixture was kept under stirring at the same temperature for 2 hours.
[0124]
After completion of the reaction for 2 hours, the solid part was collected by hot filtration, and this solid part was resuspended in 110 ml of titanium tetrachloride, and then heated again to 110 ° C. with stirring and heated for 2 hours. Reaction was performed.
[0125]
After completion of the reaction, the solid part was again collected by hot filtration, and washed thoroughly with 110 ° C. decane and hexane until no free titanium compound was detected in the washing solution.
The solid titanium catalyst component (B) prepared by the above operation was stored as a decane slurry, and a part thereof was dried for the purpose of examining the catalyst composition.
[0126]
The microcrystal size of the solid titanium catalyst component (B) thus obtained is 46 mm, the volume of pores having a radius of 0.1 μm or less is 0.128 cm 3 / g, and the radius is 0.1 to 7 The pore volume of 0.5 μm was 0.431 cm 3 / g, and the average catalyst particle size measured by the light transmission precipitation method was 12.1 μm. The solid titanium catalyst component (B) is composed of 2.5% by weight of titanium, 60% by weight of chlorine, 18% by weight of magnesium and 8.6% by weight of 9,9-bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene. Contained.
[0127]
[Polymerization]
In Example 1, propylene was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the solid titanium catalyst component (B) was used instead of the solid titanium catalyst component (A).
[0128]
The yield of the white powder polymer after drying was 89.3 g, the extraction residual ratio (II) with boiling heptane was 98.33%, the MFR was 5.1 g / 10 min, and the apparent bulk density was It was 0.38 g / cm 3 . On the other hand, 1.0 g of a solvent-soluble polymer was obtained by concentrating the liquid phase part. Therefore, the activity was 22,600 g-PP / mmol-Ti, 11,800 g-PP / g-catalyst, and the extraction residual ratio (tI.I.) with boiling heptane in the whole polymer was 97.3%. It was.
[0129]
[Comparative Example 1]
[Preparation of solid titanium catalyst component (C)]
An anhydrous magnesium chloride (95.3 g), decane (485 ml) and 2-ethylhexyl alcohol (390.6 g) were heated at 140 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a homogeneous solution, and then this solution was treated with 2-isopropyl-2-isobutyl having the following structure. 1,4.6 ml of 1,3-dimethoxypropane was added, and the mixture was further stirred and mixed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour.
[0130]
[Chemical 8]
[0131]
After cooling the homogeneous solution thus obtained to room temperature, 30 ml of this homogeneous solution was charged dropwise into 80 ml of titanium tetrachloride maintained at −20 ° C. over 20 minutes. After completion of the charging, 7.5 ml of methylhydropolysiloxane was further added, and then the temperature of the mixed solution was raised to 110 ° C. over 4 hours, and then kept at the same temperature for 2 hours with stirring.
[0132]
After completion of the reaction for 2 hours, the solid part was collected by hot filtration, and the solid part was resuspended in 110 ml of titanium tetrachloride, and then the temperature was raised again to 110 ° C. with stirring and the reaction was continued for 2 hours Went.
[0133]
After completion of the reaction, the solid part was again collected by hot filtration, washed with decane at 110 ° C., and further thoroughly washed at room temperature with hexane until no free titanium compound was detected in the washing solution.
[0134]
The solid titanium catalyst component (C) prepared by the above operation was stored as a decane slurry, and a part thereof was dried for the purpose of examining the catalyst composition.
The microcrystal size of the solid titanium catalyst component (C) thus obtained is 153 mm, the volume of pores having a radius of 0.1 μm or less is 0.179 cm 3 / g, and the radius is 0.1 to 7 The pore volume of 0.5 μm was 0.383 cm 3 / g, and the average catalyst particle size measured by the light transmission sedimentation method was 13.6 μm. The solid titanium catalyst component (C) was composed of 19.0% by weight of titanium, 53% by weight of chlorine, 6% by weight of magnesium, and 5.8 of 2-isopropyl-2-isobutyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane. It contained in the ratio of weight%.
[0135]
[Polymerization]
In Example 1, propylene was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the solid titanium catalyst component (C) was used instead of the solid titanium catalyst component (A).
[0136]
After completion of the polymerization, the slurry containing the produced solid was filtered to separate it into a white powder and a liquid phase part.
The yield of the white powder polymer after drying was 3.2 g, the extraction residual ratio (II) with boiling heptane was 96.23%, the melt flow rate (MFR) was 7.8 g / 10 min, The apparent bulk density was 0.26 g / cm 3 . On the other hand, 0.1 g of a solvent-soluble polymer was obtained by concentrating the liquid phase part. Therefore, the activity was 800 g-PP / mmol-Ti, 3,300 g-PP / g-catalyst, and the extraction residual ratio (tI.I.) by boiling heptane in the whole polymer was 93.3%.
[0137]
The above results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0138]
[Table 1]
[0139]
[Table 2]
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14911897A JP3824738B2 (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1997-06-06 | Method for producing solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8-147631 | 1996-06-10 | ||
| JP14763196 | 1996-06-10 | ||
| JP14911897A JP3824738B2 (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1997-06-06 | Method for producing solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization |
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| JP2006126005A Division JP4163220B2 (en) | 1996-06-10 | 2006-04-28 | Olefin polymerization catalyst and olefin polymerization method using the catalyst |
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| JP3824738B2 true JP3824738B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
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| ES2387885T5 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2019-11-28 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | Process for producing a solid catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins |
| ES2262131T3 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2006-11-16 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | CATALYST GRAIN SIZE. |
| US7153803B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-12-26 | Engelhard Corporation | High activity and good hydrogen response Ziegler-Natta polyethylene catalyst |
| DE602006007572D1 (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2009-08-13 | Basell Poliolefine Srl | PROPYLENE ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR |
| WO2007147714A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Basell Poliolefine Italia S.R.L. | Magnesium chloroalkolate-based catalyst precursors |
| ES2665889T3 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2018-04-30 | Borealis Ag | Catalytic component |
| CN109819654B (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2021-11-16 | 东邦钛株式会社 | Solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization, process for producing the same, and process for producing olefin polymer |
| JP7526587B2 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2024-08-01 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | Method for producing solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization |
| CN119816527A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2025-04-11 | 巴塞尔聚烯烃意大利有限公司 | Catalyst components for olefin polymerization |
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