JP3825525B2 - Inspection method and apparatus for joint device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, for example, in a manufacturing process of a joint device such as an automobile transfer device, inspects noise generated by rotating the joint device, and determines the quality of the joint device, and its method Relates to the device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, when a rotational driving force is transmitted from an automobile transmission to an axle, a joint device is used. In the manufacturing process of this joint device, the joint device is rotated under the same conditions as when mounted on an automobile, and inspections such as confirming the meshing state of a plurality of gears constituting the joint device from the noise generated at this time are performed. This is done, and the quality of the joint device is judged. In this case, an inspection method in which the measurer judges the noise generated from the joint device by hearing can be considered, but in this method, the judgment result may differ if the measurer changes, and the error may be large depending on the measurement environment etc. There was a problem of becoming.
[0003]
Therefore, when the joint device is fixed to a predetermined measuring device in advance and the joint device is rotated, tracking analysis of vibration generated from the joint device is performed, and on the other hand, the joint device is rotated while mounted on the automobile. The noise generated in the vehicle is judged by hearing, and the mutual relationship is obtained from the results of both the case where the joint device is fixed to the measuring device and the case where the joint device is mounted on the automobile. There is a method of determining the sound pressure level threshold value of noise when measured in a fixed manner, and judging the quality of the joint device depending on whether the noise of the joint device is larger or smaller than the threshold value in the manufacturing process. .
[0004]
Further, in the invention “Gear Abnormal Sound Detection Device” (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 1) disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-164938, noise generated from a gear unit is detected by a microphone, The rotational speed is detected by a speed detector, only the frequency component proportional to the rotational speed is extracted from the output signal of the microphone, and the characteristic diagram of the rotational speed or frequency versus sound pressure is recorded by an XY recorder. The quality of the gear unit is judged based on
[0005]
Further, the invention “Gear Inspection Device” (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 2) disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-43258 discloses in advance a predetermined vibration generation site and a vibration frequency generated at the vibration generation site. The relationship is stored in the storage means as a table, and the vibration generating part of the auto transmission is confirmed based on the table from the frequency of the abnormal sound detected by the detecting means when the auto transmission is rotated. Judgment of quality.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the joint device is actually mounted on an automobile and the noise is judged by hearing, many unpleasant sounds are comprehensively judged, whereas the joint device is used as a measuring device as in the prior art. When the measurement is performed in a fixed manner or when measurement is performed using the devices of the conventional example 1 and the conventional example 2, the measurement of vibration or noise for the determination is performed using vibration, sound pressure with respect to the rotational speed or frequency, or a difference. Since the frequency of the sound is measured independently, it is difficult to increase the correlation between the determination result based on the measurement result and the determination result based on the audibility, and the measurement result and the result determined based on the audibility may be different. is there. Further, when the quietness in the interior of a vehicle is increased and a low noise level is required for the joint device, the correlation at a low noise level is further reduced. For this reason, the measurement result of the conventional example does not necessarily match the noise generated by an actual automobile, and there is a problem that the reliability of the measurement result is lowered.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the correlation between the measurement results of the joint device measured by being fixed to the measurement device and the respective measurement results when measured by mounting on an actual automobile. In other words, various conditions are set so that the measurement result of the joint device measured while fixed to the measuring device is as close as possible to the noise generated by the joint device mounted on an actual automobile. It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint apparatus inspection method and apparatus capable of preventing the determination result based on the measurement result from being erroneously determined.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the present invention is a method for inspecting a joint device based on noise generated from the joint device during rotational driving,
A rotational drive step of rotating the input shaft of the joint device;
A detection step of detecting sound pressure and vibration of noise generated from the joint device by a sound pressure sensor and a vibration sensor provided in the vicinity of the joint device;
Of the sound pressure and vibration detected in the detection step, a tracking analysis step of measuring a frequency component proportional to the rotation speed of the joint device by tracking analysis,
The sound pressure and vibration magnitude obtained from the result of the tracking analysis is compared with the sound pressure setting value and vibration setting value divided into a plurality of predetermined sounds according to the sound pressure and vibration magnitude. A level setting step of selecting a pressure level setting value and a vibration level setting value, and multiplying the level setting value by a preset constant to obtain a sound pressure level value and a vibration level value;
While the detection step, the tracking analysis step, and the level setting step are performed, after the rotation driving step, the noise level of the joint device is judged by hearing to select a predetermined noise level setting value corresponding to the noise level. , A noise level setting step for obtaining a noise level value by multiplying the noise level setting value by a preset constant;
A determination step of adding the sound pressure level value, the vibration level value and the noise level value, and determining the quality of the joint device based on the added value;
It is characterized by having.
[0009]
According to the present invention, one of level setting values divided into a plurality of levels is selected from the results of noise and vibration tracking analysis, and the level setting value is multiplied by a preset constant to obtain a noise magnitude. Therefore, by setting this constant to an appropriate value, the correlation between the measurement result when the joint device is fixed to the measurement device and the measurement result when the measurement is mounted on an automobile is measured. Therefore, it is suitable as a method for inspecting a joint device.
[0010]
In this case, in the tracking analysis step, the frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the joint device is multiplied by the number of gear teeth provided in the joint device and a predetermined integer value set in advance. A plurality of the predetermined integer values are set, and when the sound pressure and the magnitude of vibration are measured corresponding to each integer value, the quality of the joint device is determined according to the measurement results of the plurality of integer values. Therefore, the measurement accuracy is improved, which is more suitable as a method for inspecting a joint device.
[0011]
Further, the present invention provides an apparatus for inspecting a joint device based on noise generated from the joint device during rotational driving.
Rotation drive means for engaging with the input shaft of the joint device and rotating the input shaft;
A sound pressure sensor that is provided in the vicinity of the joint device and detects the sound pressure of noise generated from the joint device when the input shaft of the joint device is rotating under the biasing action of the rotation drive means; ,
A vibration sensor provided in proximity to the coupling device and detecting vibrations of the coupling device when an input shaft of the coupling device is rotating under the biasing action of the rotation driving means;
A sound regenerator for a measurer to hear the noise of the joint device detected by the sound pressure sensor;
A tracking analyzer that measures, by tracking analysis, a frequency component proportional to the rotational speed of the joint device among the sound pressure detected by the sound pressure sensor and the vibration detected by the vibration sensor;
The sound pressure and vibration magnitude obtained by the tracking analyzer are compared with a plurality of sound pressure setting values and vibration setting values, and a predetermined sound pressure corresponding to the sound pressure and vibration magnitude is compared. Select a level set value and vibration level set value, and multiply the level set value by a preset constant to obtain a sound pressure level value and a vibration level value. Meanwhile, the noise level of the joint device is judged by hearing. A predetermined noise level setting value corresponding to the noise level is selected, a noise level value is obtained by multiplying the noise level setting value by a preset constant, and the sound pressure level value, vibration level value, and noise level value are determined. And an arithmetic device that determines the quality of the joint device based on the added value;
It is characterized by providing.
[0012]
According to the present invention, the rotational drive means rotates the input shaft of the joint device while changing its rotational speed, and the sound pressure of the noise generated from the joint device at this time is detected by the sound pressure sensor. The vibration of the joint device is detected by the vibration sensor. Further, the noise is reproduced by the sound reproducer, and the measurer measures this noise by hearing. From the sound pressure and the vibration, a tracking analyzer analyzes the magnitude of the sound pressure and the vibration having a frequency proportional to the rotation speed of the joint device, and inputs it to the arithmetic unit. In the arithmetic unit, a predetermined level setting value is selected from the sound pressure and vibration magnitude analyzed by the tracking, and the sound pressure level value and the vibration level value are obtained by multiplying the level setting value by a predetermined constant. obtain. Further, a predetermined level setting value is selected from the noise level measured by the measurer through hearing, and a noise level value is obtained by multiplying the level setting value by a predetermined constant, and the noise level value and the sound pressure level are obtained. The value and the vibration level value are added, and the quality of the joint device is determined from the added result.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inspection method for a joint device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by giving a preferred embodiment in relation to the device for performing the method.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates an inspection device for a joint device according to the present embodiment. The inspection apparatus 10 includes a table 12 formed in a substantially L shape, and a measurement table 16 on which a transfer apparatus 14 as a joint apparatus is placed and positioned is fixed to the upper part of the table 12. A motor 18 that is a rotational drive source is provided on the upper portion of the table 12, and a rotating shaft 20 of the motor 18 extends coaxially with an input shaft 56 of the transfer device 14. The rotating shaft 20 is connected to an input shaft 56 of the transfer device 14 by a connecting rod 24. The table 12 is provided with a rotational torque detector 26, and one end of a rotational shaft 28 of the rotational torque detector 26 is connected to an output shaft 70 of the transfer device 14 by a connecting member 30. A brake device 32 is provided at the other end of the rotary shaft 28 of the rotational torque detector 26, and the brake device 32 is controlled so that the torque applied to the output shaft 70 is constant.
[0015]
A vibration sensor 34 for detecting the vibration of the transfer device 14 is disposed on the measurement table 16. The vibration sensor 34 may be configured to be pressed and fixed to the transfer device 14 by an elastic member (not shown) such as a coil spring. The table 12 is provided with a microphone 36 as a sound pressure sensor on an extension line of the input shaft 56 of the transfer device 14. The vibration sensor 34 and the microphone 36 are electrically connected to an amplifier 38, and the amplifier 38 is connected to a headphone 40 which is a sound regenerator. The noise of the transfer device 14 detected by the microphone 36 is amplified by the amplifier 38 and input to the headphones 40. A general purpose tracking analyzer 42 is connected to the amplifier 38, and a computer 44, which is an arithmetic unit, is connected to the general purpose tracking analyzer 42.
[0016]
The joint device inspection device 10 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, the transfer device 14 used in the inspection method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Will be described with reference to FIG.
[0017]
The transfer device 14 includes a hollow casing 50 formed in an approximately L shape. The casing 50 has holes 50a to 50d, and the two holes 50a and 50b are closed by lid members 52 and 54. Covered. An input shaft 56 is rotatably supported by bearings 58 and 60 inside the casing 50. A gear 62 is formed at one end of the input shaft 56, and the gear 62 projects outward from the hole 50 c of the casing 50. A bevel gear 64 is fixed to the other end of the input shaft 56, and the bevel gear 64 is rotatably supported by the casing 50 by a bearing 66.
[0018]
An output shaft 70 is provided in the casing 50 so as to be orthogonal to the input shaft 56, and the output shaft 70 is rotatably supported by bearings 72 and 74. A bevel gear 76 is formed at one end of the output shaft 70, and the bevel gear 76 meshes with the bevel gear 64. The other end portion of the output shaft 70 protrudes from the hole 50d, and a companion flange 78 for connecting the output shaft 70 to an axle (not shown) or the like is fixed. An oil seal 80 is provided between the companion flange 78 and the wall portion forming the hole 50d, and the oil seal 80 leaks lubricating oil or the like introduced into the transfer device 14 from the transfer device 14. To prevent it.
[0019]
The transfer device 14 used in the inspection method of the present embodiment is configured as described above. Next, with respect to the inspection method of the joint device according to the present embodiment, refer to the flowchart of FIG. explain.
[0020]
First, the transfer device 14 is placed and positioned on the measurement table 16 of the inspection device 10 (see FIG. 1). In this case, the input shaft 56 is engaged with the main shaft of the motor 18 via the connecting rod 24, while the output shaft 70 is connected to the rotational torque detector 26 via the connecting member 30. For this reason, the input shaft 56 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 20 of the motor 18, while the output shaft 70 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 28 of the rotational torque detector 26.
[0021]
Next, the motor 18 is energized to rotate the input shaft 56 (step S1), and the rotational speed of the input shaft 56 is gradually increased. Inside the transfer device 14, when the input shaft 56 rotates as described above, the bevel gear 64 rotates integrally with the input shaft 56, and thus the output shaft 70 rotates via the bevel gear 76 (see FIG. 2). . When the output shaft 70 rotates, the rotation shaft 28 of the rotational torque detector 26 rotates and the torque (load) applied to the output shaft 70 is measured. The brake device 32 is controlled so that this torque becomes a predetermined value, and accordingly, a specific torque is applied to the output shaft 70.
[0022]
Next, the sound pressure of the noise generated from the transfer device 14 is detected by the microphone 36 (step S2), converted into an electric signal as a sound pressure signal, and the sound pressure signal is amplified by the amplifier 38. The amplified sound pressure signal is input to the general-purpose tracking analyzer 42 and the headphones 40.
[0023]
At the same time, the vibration sensor 34 detects the vibration of the transfer device 14 as a vibration signal (step S3), converts this into an electric signal, and amplifies the vibration signal by the amplifier 38. This amplified vibration signal is input to the general purpose tracking analyzer 42.
[0024]
The general-purpose tracking analyzer 42 measures a frequency component proportional to the rotational speed of the transfer device 14 from the input sound pressure signal and vibration signal (steps S5 and S6). More specifically, when the input shaft 56 of the transfer device 14 rotates, one tooth of the bevel gear 64 meshes with one tooth of the bevel gear 76, and this is repeated to transmit the rotational force of the bevel gear 64 to the bevel gear 76. Is done. Therefore, noise and vibration are generated according to the period in which the teeth mesh with each other, and the noise and vibration generated when the input shaft 56 rotates correspond to the period in which the teeth of the bevel gear 64 and the bevel gear 76 mesh with each other. The frequency component and a component that is an integral multiple of this frequency are included. That is, when the rotational speed of the input shaft 56 is i and the number of teeth of the bevel gear 64 is K, the noise and vibration are
f = h ・ K ・ i
The component of the frequency f represented by these is included a lot. Here, h is a predetermined integer value set in advance, such as 1, 2, 3, 5, etc., and is referred to as an order.
[0025]
The sound pressure with respect to the rotational speed i of the input shaft 56 is graphically shown in FIG. This graph shows the result of frequency analysis of the sound pressure signal when the rotational speed i of the input shaft 56 changes. For example, when the rotational speed i ₁ , the sound pressure signal has components of frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ . Indicates that it is included in many.
[0026]
Therefore, in the general-purpose tracking analyzer 42, the frequency f = h · K with respect to the rotational speed i when the order h is 1, 2, 3, 5 from the sound pressure signal and the vibration signal input to the general-purpose tracking analyzer 42.・ Measure the component of i. For example, in the case of the primary sound pressure signal, that is, the case of the order h = 1, the general-purpose tracking analyzer 42 calculates the noise on the straight line (the straight line M in FIG. 5) representing the frequency f = K · i. The sound pressure (plane N) is measured, and the measurement result is expressed as a sound pressure a with respect to the rotational speed i as shown in FIG. 6A.
[0027]
The peak value a ₁ of the sound pressure signal is detected from the result of the tracking analysis obtained in this way and input to the computer 44 (step S51 in FIG. 4). The computer 44 compares the peak value a ₁ with a plurality of divided sound pressure setting values B _{a to} B _c and selects a predetermined level setting value c ₁ according to the sound pressure peak value (step S52). ). For example, if the level set value c ₁ is set to 0 to B _a if 1, B _a .about.B _b if 2, B _b .about.B _c if 3, B _c or if 4, the sound pressure peak value a ₁ If B _{b to} B _c , 3 is selected as the level setting value c ₁ .
[0028]
The level value d ₁ is obtained by multiplying the selected level setting value c ₁ by a predetermined constant N ₁ set as a weight (step S53). In this case, constants N _{1 to} N ₈ are provided for the respective orders of the sound pressure signal and the vibration signal, and the values of the constants N _{1 to} N ₈ are determined based on the sound pressure and vibration when the transfer device 14 is mounted on the automobile in advance. It is a value set by the result of measuring the size of.
[0029]
Similarly, the peak values of the sound pressure signal and the vibration signal for the second, third, fifth, and primary, second, third, and fifth tracking analysis results of the sound pressure signal. a ₂ select the level setting value c ₂ to c ₈ from ~a _8, obtains the level value d ₂ to d ₈ multiplied by a predetermined constant N ₂ to N ₈ in the level setting value c ₂ to c ₈ (FIG. 6B-6D and 7A-7D).
[0030]
On the other hand, the measurer measures noise from the headphones 40 by hearing (step S4). In this case, measuring person sound long period included in the noise (beat), listening irregular sound or the like generated from the bearings, etc., the computer level setting value c ₉ if such sound is heard as 4 type 44, if such sounds are not heard, the magnitude of the noise, to enter one of the judged by tone, etc. 1-3 as a level set value c ₉ to the computer 44 (step S71). Then, the level value d ₉ is obtained by multiplying the constant N ₉ which is set as a weighting to the level setting value c ₉ (step S72). The level values d _{1 to} d ₉ obtained in this way are all added to obtain a total value D.
[0031]
When all the level setting values c _{1 to} c ₉ are 1, which is the lowest level, the computer 44 determines that the transfer device 14 has no abnormality (step S81).
[0032]
On the other hand, when at least one of the level setting values c _{1 to} c ₉ has two or more values, the total level D is compared with the total level setting values E _{a to} E _c to determine the total level g. Overall level setting value E _a to E _c is E _a <E _b <E _c, the total value D 1 as the total level g is less than total level setting value E _a, sum D comprehensive level set value E 2 if _a to E _b, the total value D is a 3 if comprehensive level setting value E _b to E _c, the total value D to select a 4 if overall level setting value E _c above (step S82 ). If the overall level g is 1, the transfer device 14 is determined to be normal (step S91), the motor 18 is deenergized, and the rotation of the input shaft 56 and the output shaft 70 is stopped (FIG. 3, step S11). ). Then, the transfer device 14 is transported to the next process and assembled to the automobile (step S13). On the other hand, if the total level g is 2 to 4, it is determined that the transfer device 14 is abnormal (step S91). Then, after the rotation of the input shaft 56 and the output shaft 70 is stopped (step S10), the transfer device 14 is removed from the manufacturing process (step S12).
[0033]
As described above, the noise of the frequency synchronized with the rotation speed and the magnitude of vibration are accurately measured by tracking analysis to judge whether the transfer device 14 is good or bad, and scratches on the tooth surfaces such as gears, tooth surfaces by hearing Noise that is difficult to detect by tracking analysis, such as periodic noise due to vibration of the bearing and abnormal noise generated from the bearing, can be determined, and the noise inspection of the transfer device 14 is performed with high accuracy.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the inspection method and apparatus for a joint device according to the present invention, the following effects and advantages can be obtained.
[0035]
The sound pressure and vibration level of the noise of the joint device is detected by the sound pressure sensor and vibration sensor, and tracking analysis is performed by the tracking analyzer based on the sound pressure and vibration level. In order to determine the noise level by selecting any one of the set values and multiplying this level set value by a preset constant, the joint device is set to a measuring device by setting this constant to an appropriate value. It is possible to increase the correlation between the measurement results when the measurement is fixed to the vehicle and the measurement results when the measurement is mounted on an automobile. Since the noise that cannot be detected is detected, the reliability of the measurement result can be improved.
[0036]
Furthermore, in the tracking analysis step, a plurality of predetermined integer values are set in advance, sound pressure level values and vibration level values are obtained for each integer value, and the quality of the joint device is determined based on the level values. The correlation can be further increased, and therefore the measurement accuracy is further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an inspection apparatus for a joint device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transfer device used in the joint device inspection method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a joint device inspection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a detailed flowchart showing a tracking analysis process of the flowchart of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the inspection method for the joint device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a graph showing the frequency analysis result of the magnitude of noise with respect to the rotational speed of the joint device.
FIG. 6 is a graph of rotational speed versus sound pressure signal that has been subjected to tracking analysis by the joint device inspection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6A shows the primary sound pressure signal,
FIG. 6B shows the secondary sound pressure signal,
FIG. 6C shows a third order sound pressure signal,
FIG. 6D shows a fifth-order sound pressure signal.
FIG. 7 is a graph of rotational speed versus vibration signal that has been subjected to tracking analysis by the joint device inspection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7A shows the primary vibration signal,
FIG. 7B shows the secondary vibration signal,
FIG. 7C shows the third order vibration signal,
FIG. 7D shows a fifth order vibration signal.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Inspection apparatus 14 ... Transfer apparatus 18 ... Motor 56 ... Input shaft 26 ... Rotary torque detector 32 ... Brake device 34 ... Vibration sensor 36 ... Microphone 42 ... General purpose tracking analyzer 44 ... Computer 70 ... Output shaft

Claims (3)

A method for inspecting a joint device based on noise generated from the joint device during rotational driving,
A rotational drive step of rotating the input shaft of the joint device;
A detection step of detecting sound pressure and vibration of noise generated from the joint device by a sound pressure sensor and a vibration sensor provided in the vicinity of the joint device;
Of the sound pressure and vibration detected in the detection step, a tracking analysis step of measuring a frequency component proportional to the rotation speed of the joint device by tracking analysis,
The sound pressure and vibration magnitude obtained from the result of the tracking analysis is compared with the sound pressure setting value and vibration setting value divided into a plurality of predetermined sounds according to the sound pressure and vibration magnitude. A level setting step of selecting a pressure level setting value and a vibration level setting value, and multiplying the level setting value by a preset constant to obtain a sound pressure level value and a vibration level value;
While the detection step, the tracking analysis step, and the level setting step are performed, after the rotation driving step, the noise level of the joint device is judged by hearing to select a predetermined noise level setting value corresponding to the noise level. , A noise level setting step for obtaining a noise level value by multiplying the noise level setting value by a preset constant;
A determination step of adding the sound pressure level value, the vibration level value and the noise level value, and determining the quality of the joint device based on the added value;
A method for inspecting a joint device, comprising: In the inspection method of the joint device according to claim 1,
In the tracking analysis step, the frequency proportional to the rotation speed of the joint device is obtained by multiplying the rotation speed by the number of gear teeth provided in the joint device and a predetermined integer value set in advance. A plurality of the predetermined integer values are set, and the sound pressure and the magnitude of vibration are measured corresponding to each of the integer values. In the device for inspecting the joint device based on the noise generated from the joint device during rotation,
Rotation drive means for engaging with the input shaft of the joint device and rotating the input shaft;
A sound pressure sensor that is provided in the vicinity of the joint device and detects the sound pressure of noise generated from the joint device when the input shaft of the joint device is rotating under the biasing action of the rotation drive means; ,
A vibration sensor provided in proximity to the coupling device and detecting vibrations of the coupling device when an input shaft of the coupling device is rotating under the biasing action of the rotation driving means;
A sound regenerator for a measurer to hear the noise of the joint device detected by the sound pressure sensor;
A tracking analyzer that measures, by tracking analysis, a frequency component proportional to the rotational speed of the joint device among the sound pressure detected by the sound pressure sensor and the vibration detected by the vibration sensor;
The sound pressure and vibration magnitude obtained by the tracking analyzer are compared with a plurality of sound pressure setting values and vibration setting values, and a predetermined sound pressure corresponding to the sound pressure and vibration magnitude is compared. Select a level set value and vibration level set value, and multiply the level set value by a preset constant to obtain a sound pressure level value and a vibration level value. Meanwhile, the noise level of the joint device is judged by hearing. A predetermined noise level setting value corresponding to the noise level is selected, a noise level value is obtained by multiplying the noise level setting value by a preset constant, and the sound pressure level value, vibration level value, and noise level value are determined. And an arithmetic device that determines the quality of the joint device based on the added value;
An inspection device for a joint device, comprising:

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