JP3827593B2 - Topical skin preparation - Google Patents
Topical skin preparation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3827593B2 JP3827593B2 JP2002070107A JP2002070107A JP3827593B2 JP 3827593 B2 JP3827593 B2 JP 3827593B2 JP 2002070107 A JP2002070107 A JP 2002070107A JP 2002070107 A JP2002070107 A JP 2002070107A JP 3827593 B2 JP3827593 B2 JP 3827593B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- extract
- hydroquinone
- extraction
- cordyceps
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、日焼け後の色素沈着・しみ・ソバカス等の予防及び改善に有効で、皮膚美白効果の高い皮膚外用剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、紫外線による皮膚の黒化や、シミ,ソバカスといった皮膚の色素沈着を防止又は改善するため、メラニン産生を阻害したり、生成したメラニン色素を還元する作用を有する成分がスクリーニングされ、皮膚外用剤に配合されてきた。例えば、アスコルビン酸,システイン,ハイドロキノン,胎盤抽出物,2−ヒドロキシ酸及びこれらの誘導体、植物,藻類よりの抽出物などが利用されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、アスコルビン酸,システイン,ハイドロキノンは、酸化還元反応を受けやすく不安定であり、2−ヒドロキシ酸は有効量を配合すると皮膚刺激性を生じる場合があり、胎盤抽出物や植物,藻類よりの抽出物は有効量を配合すると皮膚外用剤に好ましくない臭いや色を付与しかねない、等の問題点があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明においては、上記のような問題点を解決し、日焼け後の色素沈着・しみ・ソバカス等の予防及び改善に有効で、皮膚美白効果の高い皮膚外用剤を得ることを目的とした。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するにあたり、種々検討を行ったところ、冬中夏草を超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体により抽出して得られる抽出物と美白剤を併用することにより、美白効果が相乗的に増強され、しかも安定で、皮膚刺激性や皮膚感作性といった安全性上の問題もない皮膚外用剤が得られることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
【0007】
本発明で用いる冬虫夏草は、蝶蛾類鱗翅目及び鞘翅目の昆虫またはその幼虫に寄生してその体内に菌核を形成し、夏季に宿主である昆虫またはその幼虫の体表面に形成される子実体である。冬虫夏草は、世界におよそ400種が知られており、古くから人体に対して全く毒性が無く、様々な効果を示すために漢方薬として経口投与される物質であり、今日では中国の漢方薬に関する書物である「中草葯学」や「中葯大辞典」などに収載され、本邦においても「新訂和漢薬」その他多数の漢方書に記載されている。
【0008】
本発明において使用可能な抽出原料である冬虫夏草は特に制限はなく、一般に知られている蝶蛾類鱗翅目および鞘翅日の昆虫又はその幼虫に寄生してその体内の菌核を形成し、夏季に宿主である昆虫又はその幼虫の体表面に形成される子実体であればよい。本発明においては特に好ましく使用可能な冬虫夏草としては、コウモリ蛾科の幼虫(Hepialus armoricanus Ober.)に寄生してその体内に菌核を形成し、夏季に頭部から根棒状の子実体を形成するコルダイセプシネンシス(Cordyceps sinensis)が挙げられる。また、コルダイセプシネンシス以外の冬虫夏草で生薬として薬効のあるものとしてはセミタケ(Cordyceps sobolifera B.)やサナギタケ(Cordyceps militaris Link)、ミミカキタケ(Cordyceps nutans Pat.)などが知られており、これらも本発明において好ましく使用できるものである。本発明にかかる方法により、これらの冬虫夏草であって、有効成分を産生するものであればいずれの場合も抽出可能である。また、本発明にかかる方法を用いることにより、子実体又は被子体の区別なく抽出可能であるが、特に高収量で得るためには、コルダイセプシネンシスの子実体からの抽出が好ましい。
【0009】
[超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体抽出物]
次に、超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体を用いて抽出する方法について説明する。超臨界(又は亜臨界)流体抽出装置に冬虫夏草の全草又は子実体又は被子体の1又は2以上の箇所を生のまま若しくは乾燥させたもの、あるいは、水、エタノール、メタノール、イソプロパノール、イソブタノール、n-ヘキサノール、メチルアミルアルコール、2-エチルブタノール、n-オクチルアルコール等の1価アルコール類、グリセリン、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコール、1,3-ブチレングリコール、へキシレングリコール等の多価アルコール又はその誘導体、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、メチル-n-プロピルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル、酢酸イソプロピル等のエステル類、エチルエーテル、イソプロピルエーテル、n-ブチルエーテル等のエーテル類、スクワラン、ワセリン、パラフィンワックス、パラフィン油などの炭化水素類、オリーブ油、小麦胚芽油、米油、ゴマ油、マカダミアンナッツ油、アルモンド油、ヤシ油等の植物油脂、牛脂、豚脂、鯨油等の動物油脂、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水等の無機塩類を添加した極性溶媒、界面活性剤を添加した溶媒などを用いて予め抽出した抽出物を濃縮した後に減圧乾燥させた成分を投入し、超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体によって抽出する。
【0010】
超臨界流体抽出法又は亜臨界流体抽出法で用いる抽出剤には特に制限はなく、例えば、水、二酸化炭素、エチレン、プロピレン、エタン、プロパン、一酸化二窒素、クロロジフルオロメタン、クロロトリフルオロメタン、キセノン、アンモニア、メタノール、エタノールなどを使用することができるが、最終製品が食品や医薬品または化粧品や医薬部外品であるときには、取り扱い上において、あるいは安全性、製品への混入による毒性の問題などを考慮すると、二酸化炭素を使用することが好ましい。抽出圧力は、使用する抽出剤の臨界圧力に応じて適宜選定することができるが、通常は3〜70MPaであることが好ましく、特に二酸化炭素を使用するときは4〜60MPa、好ましくは5〜40MPa、最も好ましくは6〜20MPaである。抽出温度は、使用する抽出剤の臨界温度に応じて適宜選定することができるが、通常は10〜700℃であることが好ましく、特に抽出剤として二酸化炭素を使用するときは15〜200℃、好ましくは20〜150℃、最も好ましくは25〜100℃である。
【0011】
抽出の際の冬虫夏草と抽出剤との比率は特に限定されないが、冬虫夏草1に対して溶媒0.1〜1000重量倍、特に抽出操作、効率の点で、0.5〜100重量倍が好ましい。また、抽出時間は抽出条件などにより異なるが2時間〜2週間の範囲とするのが好ましい。
【0012】
また、抽出剤の溶解度を向上させるためにエントレーナを用いることもできる。エントレーナとしては、水、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、アセトン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、トルエン等の溶媒が挙げられるが、特に限定されない。
【0013】
これらの抽出剤の1種または2種以上を組み合わせてエントレーナとして用いる。特にエントレーナとして、水、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノールなどを用いた場合、エントレーナ濃度として好ましくは、0.000001〜30.0%、より好ましくは、0.00001〜10.0%、最も好ましくは、0.0001〜1.0%である。これらのエントレーナを用いることで炭酸ガス中への有効成分の溶解度を向上させる効果が高く、抽出率も高くなる。
【0014】
このようにして得られた冬虫夏草の抽出物は、抽出物をそのまま用いることもできるが、その効果を失わない範囲で、脱臭、脱色、濃縮などの精製操作を加えたり、さらにはカラムクロマトグラフィーなどを用いて分画物として用いてもよい。これらの抽出物や精製物、分画物は、これらから溶媒を除去することによって乾固物とすることもでき、さらに、アルコールなどの溶媒に可溶化した形態、或いは乳剤の形態で用いることができる。
【0015】
なお、冬中夏草を超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体により抽出して得られる抽出物の皮膚外用剤への配合量は、特に限定されないが、あまり多量に配合しても、その効果に変化はなく、固形分として0.0001〜5重量%、さらには0.001〜1重量%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
【0016】
本発明においては、上記の冬中夏草を超臨界流体又は亜臨界流体により抽出して得られる抽出物と美白剤を併用して用いる。係る美白剤としては、通常皮膚外用剤に使用し得るものであれば特に限定されないが、その効果の点から、L−アスコルビン酸及びその塩又はその誘導体、リポ酸及びその誘導体並びにそれらの塩、レゾルシン及びその誘導体、グラブリジン、グラブレン、リクイリチン、イソリクイリチン、グルタチオン、エラグ酸及びその誘導体並びにそれらの塩、ハイドロキノン及びその誘導体、システイン及びその誘導体、グルコサミン及びその誘導体、アゼライン酸及びその誘導体、ヒノキチオール及びその誘導体、胎盤抽出物、マンサク属,ユキノシタ属,ジンコウ属,ツバキ属,トチノキ属,タデ属,セイヨウヤマハッカ属,イブキジャコウソウ属,ヨモギ属,ノコギリソウ属,ヒヨドリバナ属,シナノキ属,オトギリソウ属,イワユキノシタ属,ジンチョウゲ属,ガンピ属,ミツマタ属,ボタン属,カンゾウ属,クワ属,エンジュ属に属する1種又は2種以上の植物の抽出物及び、カイメンソウ属,サンゴモ属,ヤハズグサ属,アミジグサ属,ヒジキ属,ソゾ属,フシツナギ属,イワヒゲ属,ダルス属,ホンダワラ属,イシモズク属に属する1種又は2種以上の藻類の抽出物より成る群から1種又は2種以上を選択して用いることが好ましい。
【0017】
本発明で使用するL−アスコルビン酸及びその塩又はその誘導体としては、例えばL−アスコルビン酸モノステアレート,L−アスコルビン酸モノパルミテート,L−アスコルビン酸モノオレエート等のアスコルビン酸モノアルキル若しくはモノアルケニルエステル類、L−アスコルビン酸モノリン酸エステル,L−アスコルビン酸-2-硫酸エステル等のアスコルビン酸モノエステル誘導体、L−アスコルビン酸ジステアレート,L−アスコルビン酸ジパルミテート,L−アスコルビン酸ジオレエート等のL−アスコルビン酸ジアルキル若しくはジアルケニルエステル誘導体、L−アスコルビン酸トリステアレート,L−アスコルビン酸トリパルミテート,L−アスコルビン酸トリオレエート等のL−アスコルビン酸トリアルキル若しくはトリアルケニルエステル誘導体、L−アスコルビン酸トリリン酸エステル等のL−アスコルビン酸トリエステル誘導体等を挙げることが出来る。これらのL−アスコルビン酸及びその塩又はその誘導体のうち、特に好ましいものは、L−アスコルビン酸,L−アスコルビン酸リン酸エステル及びこれらの塩である。
【0018】
本発明で使用するリポ酸及びその誘導体並びにそれらの塩としては、特に限定されないが、例えはリポ酸、リポ酸のナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、アルキルエステル、アルケニルエステル、アミド類、及び還元体のジヒドロリポ酸、ジヒドロリポアミド等が挙げられる。
【0019】
本発明で使用するレゾルシン及びその誘導体は、従来より抗菌剤として認知されており、また、メラニン産生抑制作用や色素沈着症改善効果を有することも確認されている(特開平4−1116号公報、特開平10−194951号公報)。本発明では、特に限定されないが、例えば、レゾルシン配糖体などが好ましい。
【0020】
本発明で使用するグラブリジン、グラブレンは、天然には、甘草の一種であるGlycyrrhiza glabra Lin.(通称ロシア・アフガン・トルコカンゾウ)に微量含まれている。グラブリジンについては、抗菌作用、抗酸化作用、抗う蝕作用、抗プラスミン作用等の薬理作用を有することが確認されており、さらに、メラニン生成抑制作用を有することも知られている(特開平1−311011号公報)。
【0021】
本発明で使用するリクイリチンやイソリクイリチンは、甘草中に含有される化合物である。原料である甘草はマメ科の薬用植物であり、その粉末は古くから去痰、消炎、鎮痙薬として用いられていた。また甘草エキスは経口投与剤として鎮咳、去痰、胃炎、胃腸機能調整、湿疹等の治療薬として日本薬局方にも掲載されている。
【0022】
本発明で使用するグルタチオンは、通常の皮膚外用剤に用いられるもので、従来より日焼けなどにより生じる皮膚の黒色化防止、シミやそばかすなどの色素沈着の予防あるいはこれらの治療を目的とした化粧料が開発されている。グルタチオンは生体内に存在し、グルタチオンを化粧料あるいは外用剤に配合することは知られており、グルタチオン誘導体の化粧料への配合も種々知られている(特公昭48−1505号公報、特公昭48−29139号公報、WO86/05783、 Ger. Offen.2245903)。
【0023】
本発明で使用するエラグ酸及びその誘導体並びにそれらの塩は、従来より、美白効果を有することが知られており、動物、ヒトレベルでの効果が確認されている(特公平5−52806号公報)。
【0024】
本発明で使用するハイドロキノン及びその誘導体としては、特に限定されないが、ハイドロキノン配糖体が好ましく用いられ、例えば、ハイドロキノン−α−D−グルコース,ハイドロキノン−β−D−グルコース,ハイドロキノン−α−L−グルコース,ハイドロキノン−β−L−グルコース,ハイドロキノン−α−D−ガラクトース,ハイドロキノン−β−D−ガラクトース,ハイドロキノン−α−L−ガラクトース,ハイドロキノン−β−L−ガラクトース等の六炭糖配糖体、ハイドロキノン−α−D−リボース,ハイドロキノン−β−D−リボース,ハイドロキノン−α−L−リボース,ハイドロキノン−β−L−リボース,ハイドロキノン−α−D−アラビノース,ハイドロキノン−β−D−アラビノース,ハイドロキノン−α−L−アラビノース,ハイドロキノン−β−L−アラビノース等の五炭糖配糖体、ハイドロキノン−α−D−グルコサミン,ハイドロキノン−β−D−グルコサミン,ハイドロキノン−α−L−グルコサミン,ハイドロキノン−β−L−グルコサミン,ハイドロキノン−α−D−ガラクトサミン,ハイドロキノン−β−D−ガラクトサミン,ハイドロキノン−α−L−ガラクトサミン,ハイドロキノン−β−L−ガラクトサミン等のアミノ糖配糖体、ハイドロキノン−α−D−グルクロン酸,ハイドロキノン−β−D−グルクロン酸,ハイドロキノン−α−L−グルクロン酸,ハイドロキノン−β−L−グルクロン酸,ハイドロキノン−α−D−ガラクツロン酸,ハイドロキノン−β−D−ガラクツロン酸,ハイドロキノン−α−L−ガラクツロン酸,ハイドロキノン−β−L−ガラクツロン酸等のウロン酸配糖体等を挙げることができる。またその誘導体としては、アセチル化物等のエステル体、メチル化物などのエーテル体等を挙げることができ、これらの中でもハイドロキノン−β−D−グルコースが本発明の効果の面から最も好ましい。
【0025】
本発明で使用するシステイン及びその誘導体としては、特に限定されないが、例えばシステイン、システインのリン脂質エステル、スフィンゴシン及びその誘導体のエステル、糖脂質エステル、糖エステル、ステロールエステル及び炭素数8から20のアルキル若しくはアルケニルエステル等が挙げられる。
【0026】
本発明で使用するグルコサミン及びその誘導体としては、特に限定されないが、例えばグルコサミン、アセチルグルコサミン等のグルコサミンエステル類、グルコサミンメチルエーテル等のグルコサミンエーテル類等が挙げられる。
【0027】
本発明で使用するアゼライン酸及びその誘導体としては、特に限定されないが、例えばアゼライン酸、アゼライン酸モノアルキルエステル等のアゼライン酸モノエステル類、アゼライン酸ジアルキルエステル等のアゼライン酸ジエステル類等が挙げられる。
【0028】
美白剤として用いるヒノキチオール及びその誘導体としては、特に限定されず、ヒノキチオール,ヒノキチオール亜鉛錯体,ヒノキチオール配糖体等が例示される。
【0029】
本発明で使用する胎盤抽出物としては、通常の皮膚外用剤に用いられるものであれば、特にその基原は問わない。
【0030】
本発明で使用する抽出物を得る植物,藻類としては、マンサク(Hamamelis japonica Sieb. et Zucc.),シナマンサク(Hamamelis mollis Oliv.),ハマメリス(Hamamelis virginiana L.)等のマンサク属植物、ホシツヅリ(Saxifraga aizoon Jacq.),シコタンソウ(Saxifraga cherlerioides D. Don var. rebunshirensis (Engl. et Irmsch.) Hara),ジンジソウ(Saxifraga cortusaefolia Sieb. et Zucc.),ダイモンジソウ(Saxifraga fortunei Hook. f. var. incisolobata (Engl. et Irmsch.) Nakai),ハルユキノシタ(Saxifraga nipponica Makino),センダイソウ(Saxifraga sendaica Maxim.),ユキノシタ(Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.),フキユキノシタ(Saxifraga japonica Boiss.),クロクモソウ(Saxifraga fusca Maxim.),クモマグサ(Saxifraga merkii Fish. var. laciniata Nakai),クモマユキノシタ(Saxifraga laciniata Nakai et Takeda),シコタンソウ(Saxifraga bronchialalis L.),ムカゴユキノシタ(Saxifraga cernua L.),ヤマハナソウ(Saxifraga sachalinensis Fr. Schm.)等のユキノシタ属植物、ジンコウ(Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.)に代表されるジンコウ属植物、ツバキ(Camellia japonica L.)及びその変種,チャ(Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)及びその変種等のツバキ属植物、ベニバナトチノキ(Aesculus carnea Hayne),シナトチノキ(Aesculus chinensis Bunge),セイヨウトチノキ(Aesculus hippocastanum L.),トチノキ(Aesculus turbinata Bl.)等のトチノキ属植物、イタドリ(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.),ハチジョウイタドリ(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. var. hachidyoense Ohwi),オオイタドリ(Polygonum sachalinense Fr. Schm.)等のタデ属植物、メリッサ(Melissa officinalis L.)に代表されるセイヨウヤマハッカ属植物、イブキジャコウソウ(Thymus serphyllum L. subsp. quinquecostatus (Aelak.) Kitamura),タイム(Thymus vulgaris L.)等のイブキジャコウソウ属植物、ニガヨモギ(Artemisia absinthium L.),クソニンジン(Artemisia annua L.),カワラニンジン(Artemisia apiacea Hance),カワラヨモギ(Artemisia capillaris Thunb.),シナヨモギ(Artemisia cina Berg.),タラゴン(Artemisia dracunculus L.),オトコヨモギ(Artemisia japonica Thunb.),ミブヨモギ(Artemisia maritima L.),ヨモギ(Artemisia princeps Pamp.)等のヨモギ属植物、ノコギリソウ(Achillea alpina L.),セイヨウノコギリソウ(Achillea milleifolium L.),ジャコウノコギリソウ(Achillea moschata Jacq.)等のノコギリソウ属植物、フジバカマ(Eupatorium japonicum Thunb.),サワヒヨドリ(Eupatorium lindleyanum DC.),ヒヨドリバナ(Eupatorium chinense L. var. oppositifolium (Koidz.) Murata et H. Koyama)等のヒヨドリバナ属植物、アメリカシナノキ(Tilia americana L.),フユボダイジュ(Tilia cordata Mill.),セイヨウシナノキ(Tilia europaea L.),シナノキ(Tilia japonica (Miq.) Simonk.),ボダイジュ(Tilia miqueliana Maxim.),ナツボダイジュ(Tilia platyphyllos Scop.)等のシナノキ属植物、トモエソウ(Hypericum ascyron L.),オトギリソウ(Hypericum erectum Thunb.),ヒメオトギリソウ(Hypericum japonicum Thunb.),セイヨウオトギリソウ(Hypericum perforatum L.)等のオトギリソウ属植物、イワユキノシタ(Tanakaea radicans Fr. et Sav.)に代表されるイワユキノシタ属植物、サツマフジ(Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc.),コショウノキ(Daphne kiusiana Miq.),コウシュジンチョウゲ(Daphne mezereum L.),ジンチョウゲ(Daphne odora Thunb.),オニシバリ(Daphne opseud-mezereum A. Gray),ナニワズ(Daphne kamtchatica Maxim. var. yezoensis Ohwi),カラスシキミ(Daphne miyabeana Makino)等のジンチョウゲ属植物、オオシマガンピ(Diplomorpha phymatoglossa (Koidz.) Nakai),ガンピ(Diplomorpha sikokiana (Fr. et Sav.) Honda ),キガンピ(Diplomorpha trichotoma (Thunb.) Nakai)等のガンピ属植物、ミツマタ(Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl.)に代表されるミツマタ属植物、シャクヤク(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.),オランダシャクヤク(Paeonia officinalis L.),ボタン(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)等のボタン属植物,スペインカンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza glabra L.),キカンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza kansuensis Chang et Peng),カンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.)等のカンゾウ属植物、クワ(Morus alba L.)に代表されるクワ属植物、クララ(Sophora flavescens Ait.),エンジュ(Sophora japonica L.)等のエンジュ属植物、カイメンソウ(Ceratodictyon spongiosum)に代表されるカイメンソウ属藻類、無節サンゴモ(Corallina sp.),サンゴモ(Corallina officinalis),ピリヒバ(Corallina pilurifera)等のサンゴモ属藻類、ヤハズグサ(Dictyopteris latiuscula),シワヤハズ(Dictyopteris undulata),ヘラヤハズ(Dictyopteris prolifera),スジヤハズ(Dictyopteris plagiogramma),ヒメヤハズ(Dictyopteris repens),エゾヤハズ(Dictyopteris divaricata),ウラボシヤハズ(Dictyopteris polypodioides)等のヤハズグサ属藻類、ハリアミジ(Dictyota spinulosa)に代表されるアミジグサ属藻類、ヒジキ(Hizikia fusiformis)に代表されるヒジキ属藻類、ソゾsp.(Laurencia sp.),クロソゾ(Laurencia intermedia),ミツデソゾ(Laurencia okamurai),ソゾノハナ(Laurencia grevilleana),オオソゾ(Laurencia glandulifera),ハネソゾ(Laurencia pinnata),コブソゾ(Laurencia undulata)等のソゾ属藻類、フシツナギ(Lomentaria catenata),コスジフシツナギ(Lomentaria hakodatensis)等のフシツナギ属藻類、イワヒゲ(Myelophycus caespitosus)に代表されるイワヒゲ属藻類、ダルス(Palmaria palmata)に代表されるダルス属藻類、ホンダワラ(Sargassum fulvellum),エンドウモク(Sargassum yendoi),マメタワラ(Sargassum piluriferum),ヤツマタモク(Sargassum patens),アカモク(Sargassum horneri),ノコギリモク(Sargassum serratifolium),オオバノコギリモク(Sargassum giganteifolium),ヨレモク(Sargassum tortile),ヤナギモク(オオバモク:Sargassum ringgoldianum),ネジモク(Sargassum sagamianum),ハハキモク(Sargassum kjellmanianum),ウミトラノオ(Sargassum thunbergii),フシスジモク(Sargassum confusum),イソモク(Sargassum hemiphyllum),ナラサモ(Sargassum nigrifolium),トゲモク(Sargassum micracanthum),タマナシモク(Sargassum nipponicum),ジンメソウ(Sargassum vulgare),フタエモク(ヒイラギモク:Sargassum duplicatum),エゾノネジモク(Sargassum yezoense)等のホンダワラ属藻類、イシモズク(Sphaerotrichia divaricata)に代表されるイシモズク属藻類等が例示される。
【0031】
上記の植物及び藻類のなかでも、ハマメリス(Hamamelis virginiana L.),ユキノシタ(Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.),ジンコウ(Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.),チャ(Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)及びその変種,イタドリ(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.),メリッサ(Melissa officinalis L.),タイム(Thymus vulgaris L.),カワラヨモギ(Artemisia capillaris Thunb.),セイヨウノコギリソウ(Achillea milleifolium L.),オトギリソウ(Hypericum erectum Thunb.),セイヨウオトギリソウ(Hypericum perforatum L.),シャクヤク(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.),ボタン(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.),スペインカンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza glabra L.),カンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.),クワ(Morus alba L.),クララ(Sophora flavescens Ait.),ヘラヤハズ(Dictyopteris prolifera),ハリアミジ(Dictyota spinulosa),ヒジキ(Hizikia fusiformis),ソゾsp.(Laurencia sp.),フシツナギ(Lomentaria catenata),イワヒゲ(Myelophycus caespitosus),ダルス(Palmaria palmata),ヤナギモク(オオバモク:Sargassum ringgoldianum),エゾノネジモク(Sargassum yezoense),フシスジモク(Sargassum confusum),イシモズク(Sphaerotrichia divaricata)から選択される1種又は2種以上の植物,藻類が好ましく用いられる。
【0032】
これらの植物及び藻類からの抽出物は、各種の全草又はその葉,樹皮,根,花,枝等の1又は2以上の箇所を生のまま若しくは乾燥させて使用する。抽出溶媒としては特に限定されず、水、エタノール,メタノール,イソプロパノール,イソブタノール,n-ヘキサノール,メチルアミルアルコール,2-エチルブタノール,n-オクチルアルコール等の1価アルコール類、グリセリン,エチレングリコール,エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル,プロピレングリコール,プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル,プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル,トリエチレングリコール,1,3-ブチレングリコール,へキシレングリコール等の多価アルコール又はその誘導体、アセトン,メチルエチルケトン,メチルイソブチルケトン,メチル-n-プロピルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル,酢酸イソプロピル等のエステル類、エチルエーテル,イソプロピルエーテル,n-ブチルエーテル等のエーテル類、スクワラン,ワセリン,パラフィンワックス,パラフィン油などの炭化水素類、オリーブ油,小麦胚芽油,米油,ゴマ油,マカダミアンナッツ油,アルモンド油,ヤシ油等の植物油脂、牛脂,豚脂,鯨油等の動物油脂などが例示される。また、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水等の無機塩類を添加した極性溶媒、界面活性剤を添加した溶媒を用いることもでき、特に限定されない。
【0033】
さらに抽出方法としては、室温,冷却又は加熱した状態で含浸させて抽出する方法、水蒸気蒸留などの蒸留法を用いて抽出する方法、植物又は藻類を圧搾して抽出物を得る圧搾法などが例示され、これらの方法を単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて抽出を行う。
【0034】
抽出の際の植物又は藻類と溶媒との比率は特に限定されないが、植物又は藻類1に対して溶媒0.1〜1000重量倍、特に抽出操作,効率の点で、0.5〜100重量倍が好ましい。また抽出圧力及び抽出温度は常圧下で0℃から溶媒の沸点以下の範囲とするのが便利であり、抽出時間は抽出温度などにより異なるが2時間〜2週間の範囲とするのが好ましい。
【0035】
このようにして得られた植物又は藻類の抽出物は、抽出物をそのまま用いることもできるが、その効果を失わない範囲で、脱臭,脱色,濃縮などの精製操作を加えたり、さらにはカラムクロマトグラフィーなどを用いて分画物として用いてもよい。これらの抽出物や精製物,分画物は、これらから溶媒を除去することによって乾固物とすることもでき、さらに、アルコールなどの溶媒に可溶化した形態、或いは乳剤の形態で用いることができる。
【0036】
植物抽出物から精製,分画して得られる成分としては、ハマメリスの葉に多く含まれるハマメリタンニン、甘草の油溶性抽出成分に含まれるフラボノイド類,特にグラブリジン,ヒスパグラブリジン、タデ属植物抽出物中に含まれる(-)-エピカテキン等が例示される。
【0037】
これらのチロシナーゼ活性を阻害する作用を有する成分の皮膚外用剤への配合量は、その効果や添加した際の臭い,色調の点から考え、0.0001〜10重量%の濃度範囲とすることが望ましい。
【0038】
本発明の皮膚外用剤には、必要に応じて、通常医薬品,医薬部外品,皮膚化粧料,毛髪用化粧料及び洗浄料に配合される、油脂,保湿剤,粉体,色素,乳化剤,可溶化剤,洗浄剤,紫外線吸収剤,増粘剤,薬剤,香料,樹脂,アルコール類等を適宜配合することができる。また、本発明の皮膚外用剤の剤型は任意であり、例えば化粧水などの可溶化系,クリーム,乳液などの乳化系,カラミンローション等の分散系として、提供することもでき、また噴射剤と共に充填したエアゾールの剤型をとってもよい。
【0039】
【実施例】
さらに実施例により、本発明の特徴について詳細に説明する。まず、本発明で用いる、冬中夏草の超臨界流体抽出物、及び美白剤として配合する胎盤抽出物,植物,藻類抽出物の調製例を示す。
【0040】
[冬中夏草の超臨界流体抽出物]
冬虫夏草(Cordyceps sinensis)粉末50gを500mLの熱水で5時間抽出した後、抽出残試料を乾燥粉砕する。エントレーナとして0.003%のエタノールを加えた後、40℃において15MPaの二酸化炭素を分離槽出口での大気圧下での二酸化炭素の流量が700リットル/時間となるように調節しながら超臨界状態の二酸化炭素を供給した。その後、抽出槽の圧力を減圧し抽出物を取り出した。
【0041】
[胎盤抽出物]
市販されている水溶性プラセンタエキス(ニチレイ社製)を用いた。
【0042】
[イタドリ抽出物]
イタドリ(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.)の根茎550gを乾燥,粉砕し、50容量%エタノール水溶液1,500ml中にて25℃で5日間撹拌抽出した。次いで、抽出液をろ過し、ろ液をイタドリ抽出物とした。
【0043】
[イタドリ抽出分画物]
イタドリ(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.)の根茎の乾燥粉末200gを50容量%エタノール水溶液2,000ml中に浸漬し、室温で7日間抽出した。次いで、抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を減圧濃縮し、30容量%エタノール水溶液800mlに溶解して、DIAION MCI Gel HP−20カラム(三菱化成株式会社製)にかけ、40容量%エタノール水溶液にて溶出される画分を回収した。次いで前記画分をシリカゲル薄層クロマトグラフィーにてクロロホルム・メタノール混合物(容量比=5:1)を展開溶媒として用いて分画した。得られた画分のうち、(-)-エピカテキンを含む画分を掻き取り、50容量%エタノール50mlに溶解してイタドリ抽出分画物とした。
【0044】
[ハマメリス抽出物]
ハマメリス(Hamamelis virginiana L.)の葉500gを乾燥,粉砕し、50容量%エタノール水溶液1,000ml中にて25℃で5日間撹拌抽出した。次いで抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収してハマメリス抽出物とした。
【0045】
[ハマメリス抽出分画物]
ハマメリス(Hamamelis virginiana L.)の葉及び樹皮計500gを細切し、熱水1,500ml中にて5時間撹拌抽出した。ついで抽出液をろ過し、ろ液をDIAION MCI Gel HP−20カラム(三菱化成株式会社製)にかけ、エタノール・水混合溶媒で溶出し、ハマメリタンニン含量が50重量%以上の画分を回収してハマメリス抽出分画物とした。
【0046】
[セイヨウオトギリソウ抽出物]
セイヨウオトギリソウ(Hypericum perforatum L.)の開花期の全草350gを細切し、オリーブ油1,000ml中にて20℃で7日間浸漬して抽出した。抽出液をろ過してろ液を回収してセイヨウオトギリソウ抽出物とした。
【0047】
[甘草抽出物]
カンゾウ(Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.)の根及び根茎500gを乾燥,粉砕し、無水エタノール水溶液1,000ml中にて25℃で24時間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過してろ液を回収し、減圧濃縮した後、凍結乾燥により乾固させる。乾固物を酢酸エチル1,000ml中にて20℃で2日間撹拌抽出した。抽出後、減圧乾燥して甘草エキスとした。
【0048】
[ジンコウ抽出物]
ジンコウ(Aquillaria agallocha Roxb.)の枝及び幹,計300gを乾燥,粉砕し、エタノール1,000中にて20℃で10日間浸漬した。次いで、抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を1/10容量まで濃縮してジンコウ抽出物とした。
【0049】
[ウーロン茶抽出物]
ウーロン茶(Thea sinensis L. var. viridis Szkzyl.)の葉440gを乾燥,粉砕し、精製水1,000ml中にて50℃で24時間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を1/5容量まで濃縮してウーロン茶抽出物とした。
【0050】
[メリッサ抽出物]
メリッサ(Melissa officinalis L.)の葉300gを粉砕し、1,3-ブチレングリコール1,000ml中にて25℃で5日間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収してメリッサ抽出物とした。
【0051】
[タイム抽出物]
タイム(Thymus vulgaris L.)の全草450gを乾燥,粉砕し、50容量%グリセリン水溶液1,500ml中にて25℃で5日間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収してタイム抽出物とした。
【0052】
[ボタン抽出物]
ボタン(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)の根皮300gを乾燥,粉砕し、95容量%エタノール水溶液1,000ml中にて25℃で5日間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収してボタン抽出物とした。
【0053】
[クワ抽出物]
クワ(Morus alba L.)の根皮350gを細切し、1,3-ブチレングリコール1,000ml中にて20℃で7日間浸漬して抽出した。抽出液をろ過してろ液を回収してクワ抽出物とした。
【0054】
[セイヨウノコギリソウ抽出物]
セイヨウノコギリソウ(Achillea milleifolium L.)の花320gを生理食塩水2,000ml中にて10℃にてホモジナイズし、さらに4時間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収してセイヨウノコギリソウ抽出物とした。
【0055】
[ヘラヤハズ抽出物],[ハリアミジ抽出物],[ソゾsp.抽出物],[ダルス抽出物]
海から採取した、ヘラヤハズ(Dictyopteris prolifera),ハリアミジ(Dictyota spinulosa),ソゾsp.(Laurencia sp.),ダルス(Palmaria palmata)の全藻を水洗した後細切し、等量のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(pH7.4)に分散後、ブレンダーミルで3時間撹拌抽出した。抽出液をろ過し、ろ液を回収して上記各抽出物とした。
【0056】
[実施例及び比較例]美容液
(1)1,3-ブチレングリコール 80.0(重量%)
(2)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.15
(3)精製水 残量
(4)表1及び表2に示した成分及び配合量
製法:(1)〜(4)の成分を混合,均一化する。
【0057】
【表1】
【0058】
【表2】
【0059】
上記処方にて調製した本発明の実施例1〜実施例9及び比較例1〜比較例10について、色素沈着症状の改善効果の評価を行った。色素沈着症状の改善効果は、顕著なシミ,ソバカス等の色素沈着症状を有する女性パネラー20名を一群とし、各群に実施例又は比較例をそれぞれブラインドにて1日2回ずつ1ヶ月間使用させ、1ヶ月後の皮膚の色素沈着の状態を観察して使用前と比較して評価した。色素沈着の状態は、表3に示す判定基準に従って評価し、20名の平均値を算出して表4に示した。
【0060】
【表3】
【0061】
【表4】
【0062】
表4より明らかなように、本発明に係る実施例使用群では、全群で顕著な色素沈着症状の改善が認められており、使用試験終了後には、軽度若しくはわずかな色素沈着が認められるにすぎない程度まで症状が改善されていた。特に、冬中夏草の超臨界流体抽出物と、L−アスコルビルリン酸マグネシウムを併用した実施例1,イタドリ抽出分画物を併用した実施例8,ハマメリス抽出分画物を併用した実施例9使用群において、良好な改善が見られていた。これに対し、冬中夏草の超臨界流体抽出物のみを配合した比較例1においては、全く色素沈着症状の改善は認められなかった。また、チロシナーゼ活性阻害作用を有する物質を単独で配合した比較例2〜比較例10使用群においては、色素沈着症状の改善は認められるものの、それぞれ対応する実施例使用群に比べ、改善の程度は明らかに小さいものであった。
【0063】
なお、本発明の実施例1〜実施例9については、上記使用試験期間中に含有成分の析出,分離,凝集,変臭,変色といった製剤の状態変化は全く見られなかった。また、各実施例使用群において、皮膚刺激性反応や皮膚感作性反応を示したパネラーは存在しなかった。
【0064】
本発明の他の実施例を示す。
【0065】
[実施例10] 美容液
(1)ミツロウ 6.0(重量%)
(2)セタノール 5.0
(3)還元ラノリン 8.0
(4)スクワラン 37.5
(5)脂肪酸グリセリン 4.0
(6)親油型モノステアリン酸グリセリル 2.0
(7)ポリオキシエチレン(20EO)ソルビタンモノラウレート 2.0
(8)冬中夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.2
(9)プロピレングリコール 5.0
(10)クワ抽出物 0.3
(11)精製水 30.0
製法:(1)〜(8)の油性成分、及び(9)〜(11)の水性成分をそれぞれ混合均一化して75℃に加熱する。水性成分に油性成分を添加して乳化し、撹拌しながら冷却する。
【0066】
[実施例11] 美容液
(1)スクワラン 5.0(重量%)
(2)白色ワセリン 2.0
(3)ミツロウ 0.5
(4)ソルビタンセスキオレエート 0.8
(5)ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル(20EO) 1.2
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 1.5
(7)プロピレングリコール 5.0
(8)精製水 58.2
(9)カルボキシビニルポリマー(1重量%水溶液) 20.0
(10)水酸化カリウム 0.1
(11)エタノール 5.0
(12)香料 0.2
(13)アスコルビルリン酸マグネシウム 0.5
製法:(1)〜(6)の油相成分を混合し、75℃に加熱して溶解,均一化する。一方、(7)〜(9)の水相成分を混合,溶解して75℃に加熱し、前記の油相成分を添加してホモミキサーにて均一に乳化し、(10)を加えてpHを調整する。冷却後40℃にて(11)〜(13)を添加,混合する。
【0067】
[実施例12] 皮膚用ローション
(1)エタノール 10.0(重量%)
(2)ヒドロキシエチルセルロース 1.0
(3)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 1.0
(4)グリセリン 7.0
(5)グアイアズレンスルホン酸ナトリウム 0.5
(6)ボタン抽出物 0.5
(7)精製水 80.0
製法:(1)〜(7)を混合し、均一とする。
【0068】
[実施例13] 皮膚用乳剤
(1)ステアリン酸 0.2(重量%)
(2)セタノール 1.5
(3)ワセリン 3.0
(4)流動パラフィン 7.0
(5)ポリオキシエチレン(10EO)モノオレイン酸エステル 1.5
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 1.0
(7)グリセリン 5.0
(8)トリエタノールアミン 1.0
(9)精製水 79.0
(10)乳酸菌抽出物 0.5
(11)胎盤抽出物 0.3
製法:(1)〜(6)の油相成分を混合,加熱して均一に溶解し、70℃に保つ。一方、(7)〜(9)の水相成分を混合,加熱して均一とし、70℃とする。この水相成分に油相成分を撹拌しながら徐々に添加して乳化した後冷却し、40℃で(10),(11)の成分を添加する。
【0069】
[実施例14] 皮膚用ゲル剤
(1)精製水 90.9(重量%)
(2)カルボキシビニルポリマー 0.5
(3)ジプロピレングリコール 8.0
(4)水酸化カリウム 0.1
(5)ジンコウ抽出物 0.2
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.3
製法:(1)に(2)加えて均一に溶解した後、(3)を添加し、次いで(4)を加えて増粘させ、(5)〜(6)を添加して均一に混合する。
【0070】
[実施例15] 皮膚用クリーム
(1)ミツロウ 6.0(重量%)
(2)セタノール 5.0
(3)還元ラノリン 8.0
(4)スクワラン 29.5
(5)親油型グリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル 4.0
(6)ポリオキシエチレン(20EO)
ソルビタンモノラウリン酸エステル 5.0
(7)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.5
(8)プロピレングリコール 5.0
(9)ウーロン茶抽出物 0.2
(10)精製水 36.8
製法:(1)〜(7)の油相成分を混合,溶解して75℃に加熱する。一方、(8)〜(10)の水相成分を混合,溶解して75℃に加熱する。次いで、上記水相成分に油相成分を添加して予備乳化した後、ホモミキサーにて均一に乳化する。
【0071】
[実施例16] 水中油型乳剤性軟膏
(1)白色ワセリン 25.0(重量%)
(2)ステアリルアルコール 25.0
(3)グリセリン 10.0
(4)ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム 1.0
(5)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.5
(6)メリッサ抽出物 0.2
(7)精製水 38.3
製法:(1)〜(5)の油相成分を混合,溶解して均一とし、75℃に加熱する。一方、(6)を(7)に溶解して75℃にて加熱溶解し、これに前記油相成分を添加して乳化する。
【0072】
[実施例17] 化粧水
(1)エタノール 10.0(重量%)
(2)1,3-ブチレングリコール 10.0
(3)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.5
(4)グリチルリチン酸ジカリウム 0.5
(5)タイム抽出物 0.2
(6)香料 0.1
(7)精製水 78.7
製法:(1)〜(6)を順次(7)に添加して均一に混合,溶解する。
【0073】
[実施例18] メイクアップベースクリーム
(1)ステアリン酸 12.0(重量%)
(2)セタノール 2.0
(3)グリセリントリ-2-エチルヘキサン酸エステル 2.5
(4)自己乳化型グリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル 2.0
(5)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.5
(6)プロピレングリコール 10.0
(7)水酸化カリウム 0.3
(8)精製水 69.0
(9)酸化チタン 1.0
(10)ベンガラ 0.1
(11)黄酸化鉄 0.4
(12)香料 0.1
(13)ボタン抽出物 0.1
製法:(1)〜(5)の油相成分を混合し、75℃に加熱して均一とする。一方、(6)〜(8)の成分を混合し、75℃に加熱,溶解して均一とし、これに(9)〜(11)の顔料を添加し、ホモミキサーにて均一に分散させ水相成分とする。この水相成分に前記油相成分を添加し、ホモミキサーにて乳化した後冷却し、40℃にて(12),(13)の成分を添加,混合する。
【0074】
[実施例19] 乳液状ファンデーション
(1)ステアリン酸 2.0(重量%)
(2)スクワラン 5.0
(3)ミリスチン酸オクチルドデシル 5.0
(4)セタノール 1.0
(5)デカグリセリンモノイソパルミチン酸エステル 9.0
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.3
(7)1,3-ブチレングリコール 8.0
(8)水酸化カリウム 0.1
(9)精製水 51.2
(10)酸化チタン 9.0
(11)タルク 7.4
(12)ベンガラ 0.5
(13)黄酸化鉄 1.1
(14)黒酸化鉄 0.1
(15)香料 0.1
(16)クワ抽出物 0.2
製法:(1)〜(6)の油相成分を混合し、75℃に加熱して均一とする。一方、(7)〜(9)の水相成分を混合し、75℃に加熱,溶解して均一とし、これに(10)〜(14)の顔料を添加し、ホモミキサーにて均一に分散させる。油相成分を添加して乳化した後冷却し、40℃にて(15),(16)の成分を添加,混合する。
【0075】
[実施例20] ハンドクリーム
製法:(1)〜(7)の油相成分を混合,溶解して75℃に加熱する。一方、(8)〜(11)の水相成分を混合,溶解して75℃に加熱する。ついで、水相成分に油相成分を添加して予備乳化した後、ホモミキサーにて均一に乳化する。
【0076】
[実施例21] ゼリー状ピールオフパック
(1)ポリビニルアルコール 15.0(重量%)
(2)カルボキシメチルセルロース 5.0
(3)1,3-ブチレングリコール 3.0
(4)エタノール 6.0
(5)ポリオキシエチレン(20EO)オレイルエーテル 0.5
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.2
(7)セイヨウノコギリソウ抽出物 0.1
(8)精製水 70.2
製法:(8)に(3)を加えて75℃に加熱する。これに(1),(2)を添加して溶解させ、(4)〜(7)を添加して可溶化する。
【0077】
[実施例22] マッサージゲル
(1)ジプロピレングリコール 7.0(重量%)
(2)グリセリン 8.0
(3)ポリオキシエチレン(15EO)オレイルエーテル 1.0
(4)カルボキシビニルポリマー 0.4
(5)メチルセルロース 0.2
(6)冬虫夏草の超臨界流体抽出物 0.4
(7)セイヨウオトギリソウ抽出物 0.2
(8)水酸化カリウム 0.1
(9)精製水 82.7
製法:75℃に加熱した(9)に、(1)〜(8)の成分を順次添加,溶解,均一化する。
【0078】
[実施例23] 洗顔料
製法:(1)〜(8)の油相成分を混合,加熱溶解し、70℃とする。一方、(9)〜(11)の水相成分を混合して加熱溶解し、70℃とする。この水相成分に油相成分を徐々に添加して予備乳化し、次いでホモミキサーにて均一に乳化後冷却し、40℃で(12)の成分を添加する。
【0079】
上述の実施例10〜実施例23について、色素沈着症状の改善効果の評価を行ったところ、全ての実施例において、良好な色素沈着症状の改善効果が認められた。
【0080】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明により、日焼け後の色素沈着・しみ・ソバカス等の予防及び改善に有効で、皮膚美白効果の高い皮膚外用剤を得ることが出来た。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an external preparation for skin which is effective in preventing and improving pigmentation, blotches, buckwheat, etc. after sunburn and has a high skin whitening effect.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to prevent or improve skin darkening due to ultraviolet rays and skin pigmentation such as spots and freckles, ingredients that have been screened for inhibiting melanin production or reducing the produced melanin pigment have been screened for external use. Has been blended into the agent. For example, ascorbic acid, cysteine, hydroquinone, placenta extract, 2-hydroxy acid and derivatives thereof, extracts from plants and algae, and the like are used.
[0003]
However, ascorbic acid, cysteine, and hydroquinone are susceptible to oxidation-reduction reactions and are unstable, and 2-hydroxy acid may cause skin irritation when incorporated in an effective amount, and is extracted from placenta extracts, plants, and algae. When an effective amount is blended, there is a problem that an unpleasant odor or color may be imparted to the external preparation for skin.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to obtain an external preparation for skin which is effective in preventing and improving pigmentation, stains, buckwheat and the like after sunburn and has a high skin whitening effect.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, various studies have been conducted, and a whitening effect is synergistically enhanced by using a whitening agent in combination with an extract obtained by extracting winter summer grass with a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid. In addition, the present inventors have found that an external preparation for skin that is stable and has no safety problems such as skin irritation and skin sensitization can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0007]
Cordyceps used in the present invention is a child formed on the surface of the body of an insect or its larva as a host in the summer by forming a mycorrhizal body in the body by infesting the butterfly Lepidoptera and Coleoptera or its larvae. It is an entity. About 400 species of Cordyceps are known around the world and have not been toxic to the human body for a long time and are orally administered as traditional Chinese medicines to show various effects. It is listed in certain “Nakaso Sogaku” and “Nakajo Daijiten”, etc., and in Japan, it is also described in “Shinsho Wakuyaku” and many other Kampo books.
[0008]
Cordyceps, which is an extraction raw material that can be used in the present invention, is not particularly limited, and forms a mycelium in the body by infesting commonly known butterfly lepidoptera and Coleoptera insects or their larvae in the summer. Any fruit body formed on the body surface of the host insect or its larva may be used. Examples of cordyceps that can be particularly preferably used in the present invention include larvae of the bat moth family (Hepialus armoricanus Ober.) Cordycepsinensis (forms mycorrhiza in the body, and forms a root-like fruit body from the head in summer)Cordyceps sinensis). In addition, Cordyceps sinensis other than Cordyceps sinensis has a medicinal effect as a herbal medicine.Cordycepssobolifera B.) and Sanagitake (Cordyceps militaris Link), Mimi Kakitake (Cordyceps nutans Pat.) And the like are known, and these can also be preferably used in the present invention. According to the method of the present invention, these cordyceps can be extracted in any case as long as they produce active ingredients. Moreover, by using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to extract without distinguishing fruit bodies or angioplasts, but in order to obtain a particularly high yield, extraction from the fruit bodies of Cordycepsinensis is preferable.
[0009]
[Supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid extract]
Next, the extraction method using a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid will be described. A supercritical (or subcritical) fluid extraction device in which one or more parts of Cordyceps sinensis or fruit body or angiosperm are left raw or dried, or water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, isobutanol , Monohydric alcohols such as n-hexanol, methyl amyl alcohol, 2-ethyl butanol, n-octyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, tri Polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, hexylene glycol or derivatives thereof, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, ethyl acetate Esters such as isopropyl acetate, ethers such as ethyl ether, isopropyl ether and n-butyl ether, hydrocarbons such as squalane, petrolatum, paraffin wax, paraffin oil, olive oil, wheat germ oil, rice oil, sesame oil, macadamian Use vegetable oils such as nut oil, almond oil, coconut oil, animal fats such as beef tallow, pork fat, whale oil, polar solvents added with inorganic salts such as phosphate buffered saline, solvents added with surfactants, etc. Then, after concentrating the extract extracted in advance, the components dried under reduced pressure are added and extracted with a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid.
[0010]
There is no particular limitation on the extraction agent used in the supercritical fluid extraction method or the subcritical fluid extraction method, for example, water, carbon dioxide, ethylene, propylene, ethane, propane, dinitrogen monoxide, chlorodifluoromethane, chlorotrifluoromethane, Xenon, ammonia, methanol, ethanol, etc. can be used, but when the final product is food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, or quasi-drugs, handling or safety, toxicity problems due to contamination in the product, etc. In view of the above, it is preferable to use carbon dioxide. The extraction pressure can be appropriately selected according to the critical pressure of the extractant to be used, but is usually preferably 3 to 70 MPa, particularly 4 to 60 MPa, preferably 5 to 40 MPa when carbon dioxide is used. Most preferably, it is 6-20 MPa. Although extraction temperature can be suitably selected according to the critical temperature of the extractant to be used, it is usually preferably 10 to 700 ° C., particularly 15 to 200 ° C. when carbon dioxide is used as the extractant. Preferably it is 20-150 degreeC, Most preferably, it is 25-100 degreeC.
[0011]
The ratio of Cordyceps sinensis and the extractant during extraction is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 1,000 times by weight of solvent with respect to Cordyceps sinensis 1, particularly 0.5 to 100 times by weight in terms of extraction operation and efficiency. Moreover, although extraction time changes with extraction conditions etc., it is preferable to set it as the range of 2 hours-2 weeks.
[0012]
An entrainer can also be used to improve the solubility of the extractant. Examples of the entrainer include water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, acetone, hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, and the like, but are not particularly limited.
[0013]
One or more of these extractants are used in combination as an entrainer. In particular, when water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol or the like is used as the entrainer, the entrainer concentration is preferably 0.000001 to 30.0%, more preferably 0.00001 to 10.0%, most preferably 0.0001 to 1.0%. By using these entrainers, the effect of improving the solubility of the active ingredient in carbon dioxide gas is high, and the extraction rate is also high.
[0014]
As for the extract of Cordyceps sinensis obtained in this way, the extract can be used as it is, but as long as the effect is not lost, purification operations such as deodorization, decolorization, concentration etc. are added, and further column chromatography etc. May be used as a fraction. These extracts, purified products, and fractions can be dried by removing the solvent from them, and can also be used in a form solubilized in a solvent such as alcohol, or in the form of an emulsion. it can.
[0015]
The amount of extract obtained by extracting winter summer summer grass with a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid is not particularly limited, but even if it is added in a large amount, the effect is not changed. The solid content is preferably 0.0001 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.
[0016]
In the present invention, a whitening agent is used in combination with an extract obtained by extracting the above-mentioned winter summer grass with a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid. Such a whitening agent is not particularly limited as long as it can be usually used for a topical skin preparation. From the viewpoint of its effect, L-ascorbic acid and a salt or derivative thereof, lipoic acid and a derivative thereof, and a salt thereof, Resorcin and its derivatives, grabrizine, glabrene, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, glutathione, ellagic acid and its derivatives and salts thereof, hydroquinone and its derivatives, cysteine and its derivatives, glucosamine and its derivatives, azelaic acid and its derivatives, hinokitiol and its derivatives Extract Extracts of one or more plants belonging to the genus Genus, Gempiaceae, Mitsumata, Button, Licorice, Mulberry, Enju, and the genus Caenothera, Coralum, Algae, Amygusa, Hijiki It is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of extracts of one or two or more algae belonging to the genus, Sozo, Fushitsunagi, Siwahi, Darus, Honda, and Ishimozu.
[0017]
Examples of L-ascorbic acid and salts or derivatives thereof used in the present invention include monoalkyl or monoalkenyl esters of ascorbic acid such as L-ascorbic acid monostearate, L-ascorbic acid monopalmitate, and L-ascorbic acid monooleate. , L-ascorbic acid monophosphate derivatives such as L-ascorbic acid monosulfate, L-ascorbic acid-2-sulfate ester, L-ascorbic acid distearate, L-ascorbic acid dipalmitate, L-ascorbic acid dioleate, etc. Dialkyl or dialkenyl ester derivatives, L-ascorbic acid tristearate, L-ascorbic acid tripalmitate, L-ascorbic acid trioleate, etc. Luque sulfonyl ester derivatives, such as L- ascorbic acid triphosphate L- ascorbic acid triester derivatives and the like. Of these L-ascorbic acid and salts thereof or derivatives thereof, particularly preferred are L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid phosphate and salts thereof.
[0018]
Lipoic acid and its derivatives and salts thereof used in the present invention are not particularly limited. For example, lipoic acid, sodium salt of lipoic acid, potassium salt, alkyl ester, alkenyl ester, amides, and reduced dihydrolipolipid. Examples include acids and dihydrolipoamide.
[0019]
Resorcin and its derivatives used in the present invention have been conventionally recognized as antibacterial agents, and have also been confirmed to have an inhibitory effect on melanin production and an effect of improving pigmentation (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-1116, JP-A-10-194951). In the present invention, although not particularly limited, for example, resorcin glycoside is preferable.
[0020]
Grabrizine and glabrene used in the present invention are naturally a kind of licorice.Glycyrrhiza glabra Lin. (Commonly known as Russia, Afghanistan, Turkish liquorice) is contained in trace amounts. Grabludin has been confirmed to have pharmacological actions such as antibacterial action, antioxidant action, anti-cariogenic action, and anti-plasmin action, and is also known to have melanin production-inhibiting action (JP-A-1- 311011).
[0021]
Liquiritin and isoliquiritin used in the present invention are compounds contained in licorice. The raw material, licorice, is a medicinal plant of legumes, and its powder has long been used as expectorant, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic drugs. Licorice extract is also listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia as an orally administered agent for treating cough, expectorant, gastritis, gastrointestinal function, eczema and the like.
[0022]
Glutathione to be used in the present invention is used in ordinary skin external preparations, and is a cosmetic for the purpose of preventing skin blackening caused by sunburn or the like, preventing pigmentation such as spots and freckles, or treating them. Has been developed. Glutathione is present in the living body, and it is known that glutathione is blended into cosmetics or external preparations, and various blends of glutathione derivatives into cosmetics are also known (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-1505, Japanese Patent Publication). 48-29139, WO86 / 05783, Ger. Offen. 2245903).
[0023]
The ellagic acid and its derivatives used in the present invention and their salts are conventionally known to have a whitening effect, and effects at the animal and human levels have been confirmed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-52806). ).
[0024]
Although it does not specifically limit as hydroquinone and its derivative (s) used by this invention, Hydroquinone glycoside is used preferably, for example, hydroquinone- (alpha) -D-glucose, hydroquinone- (beta) -D-glucose, hydroquinone- (alpha) -L-. Hexose sugar glycosides such as glucose, hydroquinone-β-L-glucose, hydroquinone-α-D-galactose, hydroquinone-β-D-galactose, hydroquinone-α-L-galactose, hydroquinone-β-L-galactose, Hydroquinone-α-D-ribose, hydroquinone-β-D-ribose, hydroquinone-α-L-ribose, hydroquinone-β-L-ribose, hydroquinone-α-D-arabinose, hydroquinone-β-D-arabinose, hydroquinone- α-L-Arabi Pentoses, hydroquinone-β-L-arabinose, etc., hydroquinone-α-D-glucosamine, hydroquinone-β-D-glucosamine, hydroquinone-α-L-glucosamine, hydroquinone-β-L-glucosamine , Hydroquinone-α-D-galactosamine, hydroquinone-β-D-galactosamine, hydroquinone-α-L-galactosamine, hydroquinone-β-L-galactosamine and other amino sugar glycosides, hydroquinone-α-D-glucuronic acid, hydroquinone -Β-D-glucuronic acid, hydroquinone-α-L-glucuronic acid, hydroquinone-β-L-glucuronic acid, hydroquinone-α-D-galacturonic acid, hydroquinone-β-D-galacturonic acid, hydroquinone-α-L- Galacturonic acid, hydroquinone Examples thereof include uronic acid glycosides such as -β-L-galacturonic acid. Examples of the derivatives include ester bodies such as acetylated substances and ether bodies such as methylated substances. Among these derivatives, hydroquinone-β-D-glucose is most preferable from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention.
[0025]
Cysteine and derivatives thereof used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cysteine, phospholipid esters of cysteine, esters of sphingosine and derivatives thereof, glycolipid esters, sugar esters, sterol esters, and alkyl having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Or an alkenyl ester etc. are mentioned.
[0026]
The glucosamine and derivatives thereof used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include glucosamine esters such as glucosamine and acetylglucosamine, and glucosamine ethers such as glucosamine methyl ether.
[0027]
The azelaic acid and derivatives thereof used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include azelaic acid monoesters such as azelaic acid and azelaic acid monoalkyl ester, and azelaic acid diesters such as azelaic acid dialkyl ester.
[0028]
Hinokitiol and its derivatives used as a whitening agent are not particularly limited, and examples include hinokitiol, hinokitiol zinc complex, and hinokitiol glycoside.
[0029]
The placenta extract used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used for normal skin external preparations.
[0030]
As plants and algae for obtaining the extract used in the present invention, witch hazel (Hamamelis japonica Sieb. Et Zucc.), Sinamansaku (Hamamelis mollis Oliv.), Hamelis (Hamamelis virginiana L.) Witch Hazel, Hoshitsuri (Saxifraga aizoon Jacq.)Saxifraga cherlerioides D. Don var.rebunshirensis (Engl. Et Irmsch.) Hara)Saxifraga cortusaefolia Sieb. Et Zucc.), Daimonjisou (Saxifraga fortunei Hook.f.var.incisolobata (Engl. Et Irmsch.) Nakai), Haruyukinoshita (Saxifraga nipponica Makino)Saxifraga sendaica Maxim.), Yukinoshita (Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.), Fukuyukishinoshita (Saxifraga japonica Boiss.), Black spider (Saxifraga fusca Maxim.), Spider Mosa (Saxifraga merkii Fish.var.laciniata Nakai), Kumoma Yukinoshita (Saxifraga laciniata Nakai et Takeda)Saxifraga bronchialalis L.), Mukago Yukinoshita (Saxifraga cernua L.)Saxifraga sachalinensis Fr. Schm.), Etc.Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), A camellia genus plant, camellia (Camellia japonica L.) and its variants, Cha (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and its variants such as camellia plants, safflowerAesculus carnea Hayne), Chinese cypress (Aesculus chinensis Bunge), Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), Tochinoki (Aesculus turbinata Bl.), Etc.Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et Zucc.), Honeybird (Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et Zucc. Var.hachidyoense Ohwi)Polygonum sachalinense Fr. Schm.), Etc.Melissa officinalis (L.)Thymus serphyllum L. subsp.quinquecostatus (Aelak.) Kitamura), Time (Thymus vulgaris L.), etc.Artemisia absinthium L.), ginseng (Artemisia annua L.), Chinese carrot (Artemisia apiacea Hance)Artemisia capillaris Thunb.)Artemisia cina Berg.), Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.), Mugwort (Artemisia japonica Thunb.), Mibu mugwort (Artemisia maritima L.), Artemisia (Artemisia princeps Pamp.), Etc., Artemisia plants, Yarrow (Achillea alpina L.), Achillea millefolium (Achillea milleifolium L.), musk millet (Achillea moschata Jacq.) And other plants of the genus Achillea,Eupatorium japonicum Thunb.)Eupatorium lindleyanum DC.), Hydrangea (Eupatorium chinense L. var.oppositifolium (Koidz.) Murata et H. Koyama), etc.Tilia americana L.), Fuyubodaiju (Tilia cordata Mill.), Linden tree (Tilia europaea L.), linden (Tilia japonica (Miq.) Simonk.), Bodaiju (Tilia miqueliana Maxim.)Tilia platyphyllos Scop.), Etc.Hypericum ascyron L.), Hypericum (Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Giant Hypericum (Hypericum japonicum Thunb.), Hypericum perforatum (Hypericum perforatum L.) Hypericum plants such as Iwayukinoshita (Tanakaea radicans Fr. et Sav.), Satsuma Fuji,Daphne genkwa Sieb. Et Zucc.), Pepper (Daphne kiusiana Miq.)Daphne mezereum L.)Daphne odora Thunb.), Onishi Bali (Daphne opseud-mezereum A. Gray), Naniwazu (Daphne kamtchatica Maxim.var.yezoensis Ohwi), Crow Shikimi (Daphne miyabeana Genus genus plants such as Makino), Oshima Gamppi (Diplomorpha phymatoglossa (Koidz.) Nakai), Ganpi (Diplomorpha sikokiana (Fr. et Sav.) Honda), Kiganpi (Diplomorpha trichotoma (Thunb.) Nakai) and other Gamppi plants, Mitsumata (Edgeworthia chrysantha (Lindel.)Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), Dutch peonies (Paeonia officinalis L.), button (Paeonia suffruticosa Button genus plants such as Andr.Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), licorice (Glycyrrhiza kansuensis Chang et Peng), Licorice (Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.) Licorice plants, mulberry (Morus alba Mulberry plant represented by L.), Clara (Sophora flavescens Ait.), Enju (Sophora japonica L.), etc.Ceratodictyon spongiosum) Cyprus spp.Corallina sp.), coral (Corallina officinalis), Pirihiba (Corallina pilurifera) Coral spider algae, Yakuzusa (Dictyopteris latiuscula), Siwayahaz (Dictyopteris undulata), Herayahaz (Dictyopteris prolifera), Sujiyahaz (Dictyopteris plagiogramma), Himeyahaz (Dictyopteris repens), Ezoyahaz (Dictyopteris divaricata), Uraboshahaz (Dictyopteris polypodioides), Etc.Dictyota spinulosa) Algae genus algae represented byHizikia fusiformis) Genus algae, sozo sp.Laurencia sp.), Kurosozo (Laurencia intermedia), Mitsudezozo (Laurencia okamurai), Sozonohana (Laurencia grevilleana), Osozo (Laurencia glandulifera), Hanesoso (Laurencia pinnata), Kobusoso (Laurencia undulata) Sozogenus algae, Fushitsunagi (Lomentaria catenata), Kosuji Fushitsugi (Lomentaria hakodatensis), Etc.Myelophycus caespitosus)Palmaria palmata) Dalus algae represented by Honda Walla (Sargassum fulvellum), Pea (Sargassum yendoi), Mametawala (Sargassum piluriferum), Yatsuma Tamoku (Sargassum patens), Akamoku (Sargassum horneri), Sawtooth Moku (Sargassum serratifolium), Sawworm (Sargassum giganteifolium), Yoremoku (Sargassum tortile), Willow Moku (Obermoku:Sargassum ringgoldianum), Nejimok (Sargassum sagamianum), Haha Moku (Sargassum kjellmanianum), Umitorano (Sargassum thunbergii)Sargassum confusum), Isomoc (Sargassum hemiphyllum), Narasamo (Sargassum nigrifolium), Togemoku (Sargassum micracanthum), Tamanashimoku (Sargassum nipponicum), Ginseng (Sargassum vulgare), Futaemoku (Holly Moku:Sargassum duplicatum), Esononezmok (Sargassum yezoense), Etc.Sphaerotrichia divaricataAnd the like, and the like.
[0031]
Among the plants and algae mentioned above, Hamelis (Hamamelis virginiana L.), Yukinoshita (Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.), Zinkou (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Cha (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and its variants, itadori (Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et Zucc.), Melissa (Melissa officinalis L.), time (Thymus vulgaris L.), Kawara mugwort (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.), Achillea millefolium (Achillea milleifolium L.), Hypericum (Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Hypericum perforatum (Hypericum perforatum L.), peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), Button (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), Spanish daylily (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), daylily (Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.), Mulberry (Morus alba L.), Clara (Sophora flavescens Ait.), Herayahaz (Dictyopteris prolifera), Harajimi (Dictyota spinulosa), Hijiki (Hizikia fusiformis), Sozo sp.Laurencia sp.), Fushitsunagi (Lomentaria catenata), Shrimp (Myelophycus caespitosus), Dulse (Palmaria palmata), Willow Moku (Obermoku:Sargassum ringgoldianum), Esononezmok (Sargassum yezoense)Sargassum confusum), Ishimozuk (Sphaerotrichia divaricata1 type or 2 types or more of plants and algae selected from the above are preferably used.
[0032]
Extracts from these plants and algae are used raw or dried at one or more sites such as various whole plants or their leaves, bark, roots, flowers, branches and the like. The extraction solvent is not particularly limited, and monohydric alcohols such as water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, n-hexanol, methyl amyl alcohol, 2-ethyl butanol, n-octyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethylene Polyols such as glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, hexylene glycol or derivatives thereof, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ketones such as -n-propyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate and isopropyl acetate, ethers such as ethyl ether, isopropyl ether and n-butyl ether , Hydrocarbons such as squalane, petrolatum, paraffin wax, paraffin oil, olive oil, wheat germ oil, rice oil, sesame oil, macadamian nut oil, almond oil, coconut oil and other vegetable oils, beef fat, pork fat, whale oil, etc. Animal fats and oils are exemplified. Moreover, the polar solvent which added inorganic salts, such as phosphate buffered saline, and the solvent which added surfactant can also be used, It does not specifically limit.
[0033]
Furthermore, examples of the extraction method include a method of extraction by impregnation in a cooled or heated state, a method of extraction using a distillation method such as steam distillation, a pressing method of pressing a plant or algae to obtain an extract, and the like. These methods are used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0034]
The ratio of the plant or algae and the solvent during the extraction is not particularly limited, but the solvent is 0.1 to 1000 times by weight with respect to the plant or algae 1, especially 0.5 to 100 times by weight in terms of extraction operation and efficiency. Is preferred. The extraction pressure and extraction temperature are conveniently in the range of 0 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent under normal pressure, and the extraction time is preferably in the range of 2 hours to 2 weeks, although it varies depending on the extraction temperature.
[0035]
The plant or algae extract thus obtained can be used as it is. However, purification operations such as deodorization, decolorization, and concentration are added to the extent that the effects are not lost. It may be used as a fraction using a graphic or the like. These extracts, purified products, and fractions can be dried by removing the solvent from them, and can be used in a form solubilized in a solvent such as alcohol, or in the form of an emulsion. it can.
[0036]
Ingredients obtained by purification and fractionation from plant extracts include hamamelitannin, which is abundant in the leaves of Hamelis, flavonoids contained in oil-soluble extractives of licorice, especially grablizine, Hispagrabridine, and Tade genus plant extracts Examples thereof include (-)-epicatechin contained therein.
[0037]
The amount of these tyrosinase activity-inhibiting ingredients to be added to the external preparation for skin should be within a concentration range of 0.0001 to 10% by weight in view of its effect, odor and color tone when added. desirable.
[0038]
The topical skin preparation of the present invention contains oils and fats, moisturizers, powders, pigments, emulsifiers, which are usually blended in pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, skin cosmetics, hair cosmetics and cleaning agents as necessary. Solubilizers, cleaning agents, ultraviolet absorbers, thickeners, drugs, fragrances, resins, alcohols, and the like can be appropriately blended. The dosage form of the external preparation for skin of the present invention is arbitrary, and can be provided as a solubilizing system such as lotion, an emulsifying system such as cream or emulsion, or a dispersing system such as calamine lotion, or a propellant. It is also possible to take aerosol dosage forms filled together.
[0039]
【Example】
Further, the features of the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. First, preparation examples of a supercritical fluid extract of winter summer grass and a placenta extract, a plant, and an algae extract blended as a whitening agent used in the present invention are shown.
[0040]
[Supercritical fluid extract of winter grass]
CordycepsCordyceps sinensis) After extracting 50 g of the powder with 500 mL of hot water for 5 hours, the extraction residue sample is dried and ground. After adding 0.003% ethanol as an entrainer, supercritical state while adjusting the flow rate of carbon dioxide of 15 MPa at 40 ° C. under atmospheric pressure at the outlet of the separation tank to 700 liter / hour Of carbon dioxide. Then, the pressure of the extraction tank was reduced and the extract was taken out.
[0041]
[Placenta extract]
A commercially available water-soluble placenta extract (manufactured by Nichirei) was used.
[0042]
[Itadori extract]
Itadori (Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et Zucc.) 550 g of rhizome was dried, pulverized, and extracted in 1,500 ml of 50 vol% ethanol aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 5 days. Subsequently, the extract was filtered, and the filtrate was used as the itadori extract.
[0043]
[Itadori extract fraction]
Itadori (Polygonum cuspidatum 200 g of dried rhizome powder of Sieb. Et Zucc.) Was immersed in 2,000 ml of 50% by volume ethanol aqueous solution and extracted at room temperature for 7 days. Next, the extract was filtered, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, dissolved in 800 ml of 30 volume% ethanol aqueous solution, applied to a DIAION MCI Gel HP-20 column (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.), and eluted with 40 volume% ethanol aqueous solution. The fractions to be collected were collected. Subsequently, the fraction was fractionated by silica gel thin layer chromatography using a chloroform / methanol mixture (volume ratio = 5: 1) as a developing solvent. Among the obtained fractions, a fraction containing (−)-epicatechin was scraped and dissolved in 50 ml of 50% by volume ethanol to obtain an itadori extract fraction.
[0044]
[Hamamelis extract]
Hamelis (Hamamelis virginiana L.) Leaves 500 g were dried, ground, and extracted with stirring in 1,000 ml of 50% by volume ethanol aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 5 days. Subsequently, the extract was filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain a Hamelis extract.
[0045]
[Hamamelis extract fraction]
Hamelis (Hamamelis virginiana L.) A total of 500 g of leaves and bark was chopped and extracted in 1,500 ml of hot water with stirring for 5 hours. Next, the extract was filtered, and the filtrate was applied to a DIAION MCI Gel HP-20 column (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.) and eluted with an ethanol / water mixed solvent to collect a fraction having a hamelintannin content of 50% by weight or more. Was used as a Hamelis extract fraction.
[0046]
[Hypericum perforatum extract]
Hypericum perforatum (Hypericum perforatum L.) 350 g of the whole flowering plant was chopped and extracted by dipping in 1,000 ml of olive oil at 20 ° C. for 7 days. The extract was filtered and the filtrate was collected to obtain a Hypericum perforatum extract.
[0047]
[Licorice extract]
Daylily (Glycyrrhiza urarensis Fisch.) Roots and rhizomes (500 g) were dried, pulverized, and extracted with stirring in 1,000 ml of an absolute ethanol aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 24 hours. The extract is filtered to collect the filtrate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and then dried by lyophilization. The dried product was extracted by stirring in 1,000 ml of ethyl acetate at 20 ° C. for 2 days. After extraction, the extract was dried under reduced pressure to obtain a licorice extract.
[0048]
[Ginkgo extract]
Zincou (Aquillaria agallocha A total of 300 g of branches and trunks of Roxb.) Were dried, pulverized, and immersed in ethanol 1,000 at 20 ° C. for 10 days. Next, the extract was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to 1/10 volume to obtain a ginkgo extract.
[0049]
[Oolong tea extract]
Oolong Tea(Thea sinensis L. var.viridis Szkzyl.) Leaves (440 g) were dried, ground, and extracted in 1,000 ml of purified water with stirring at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. The extract was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to 1/5 volume to obtain a oolong tea extract.
[0050]
[Melissa extract]
Melissa (Melissa officinalis L.) 300 g of leaves were pulverized and extracted with stirring in 1,000 ml of 1,3-butylene glycol at 25 ° C. for 5 days. The extract was filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain a Melissa extract.
[0051]
[Time extract]
time(Thymus vulgaris 450 g of whole plant of L.) was dried, pulverized, and extracted by stirring in 1,500 ml of 50% by volume glycerin aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 5 days. The extract was filtered and the filtrate was collected to obtain a thyme extract.
[0052]
[Button extract]
button(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) Root bark (300 g) was dried, pulverized, and extracted by stirring in 1,000 ml of 95% by volume ethanol aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 5 days. The extract was filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain a button extract.
[0053]
[Mulberry extract]
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) root bark (350 g) was minced and extracted by immersion in 1,000 ml of 1,3-butylene glycol at 20 ° C. for 7 days. The extract was filtered and the filtrate was collected to obtain a mulberry extract.
[0054]
[Achillea millefolium extract]
Achillea millefolium (Achillea milleifolium L.) 320 g of flowers were homogenized in 2,000 ml of physiological saline at 10 ° C., and further extracted with stirring for 4 hours. The extract was filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain a yarrow extract.
[0055]
[Herayahaz extract], [Hariamiji extract], [Sozo sp. Extract], [Dulse extract]
Herayahaz (from the sea)Dictyopteris prolifera), Harajimi (Dictyota spinulosa), Sozo sp.Laurencia sp.), Darus (Palmaria palmata) Were washed with water, then chopped, dispersed in an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4), and then extracted by stirring with a blender mill for 3 hours. The extract was filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain the above extracts.
[0056]
[Examples and Comparative Examples] Cosmetic liquid
(1) 1,3-butylene glycol 80.0 (% by weight)
(2) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.15
(3) Purified water remaining
(4) Components and amounts shown in Tables 1 and 2
Production method: Components (1) to (4) are mixed and homogenized.
[0057]
[Table 1]
[0058]
[Table 2]
[0059]
With respect to Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention prepared by the above formulation, the effect of improving pigmentation symptoms was evaluated. The effect of improving pigmentation symptom is a group of 20 female panelists who have pigmentation symptom such as noticeable spots and buckwheat. Each example or comparative example is blinded twice a day for 1 month. In addition, the state of skin pigmentation after one month was observed and evaluated in comparison with before use. The pigmentation state was evaluated according to the criteria shown in Table 3, and the average value of 20 people was calculated and shown in Table 4.
[0060]
[Table 3]
[0061]
[Table 4]
[0062]
As is clear from Table 4, in the group using the examples according to the present invention, marked improvement in pigmentation was observed in all groups, and mild or slight pigmentation was observed after the end of the use test. Symptoms were improved to the extent that it was not too much. In particular, Example 1 in which a supercritical fluid extract of winter summer summer grass and L-ascorbyl magnesium phosphate are used together, Example 8 in which an itadori extract fraction is used in combination, and Example 9 in which a Hamamelis extract fraction is used in combination A good improvement was seen in the use group. In contrast, in Comparative Example 1 in which only the supercritical fluid extract of winter summer grass was blended, no improvement in pigmentation symptoms was observed. In addition, in Comparative Example 2 to Comparative Example 10 use group in which a substance having an inhibitory action on tyrosinase activity was added alone, although improvement of pigmentation symptoms was observed, the degree of improvement was compared with the corresponding Example use group, respectively. It was clearly small.
[0063]
In addition, in Examples 1 to 9 of the present invention, no change in the state of the preparation such as precipitation, separation, aggregation, odor change and discoloration of the components was observed during the use test period. Moreover, in each Example use group, the paneler which showed skin irritation reaction and skin sensitization reaction did not exist.
[0064]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0065]
[Example 10] Cosmetic liquid
(1) Beeswaw 6.0 (wt%)
(2) Cetanol 5.0
(3) Reduced lanolin 8.0
(4) Squalane 37.5
(5) Fatty acid glycerin 4.0
(6) Lipophilic glyceryl monostearate 2.0
(7) Polyoxyethylene (20EO) sorbitan monolaurate 2.0
(8) Supercritical fluid extract of winter summer grass 0.2
(9) Propylene glycol 5.0
(10) Mulberry extract 0.3
(11) Purified water 30.0
Production method: Oil components (1) to (8) and aqueous components (9) to (11) are mixed and homogenized, and heated to 75 ° C. The oil component is added to the aqueous component to emulsify, and the mixture is cooled with stirring.
[0066]
[Example 11] Cosmetic liquid
(1) Squalane 5.0 (% by weight)
(2) White petrolatum 2.0
(3) Beeswax 0.5
(4) Sorbitan sesquioleate 0.8
(5) Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (20EO) 1.2
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 1.5
(7) Propylene glycol 5.0
(8) Purified water 58.2
(9) Carboxyvinyl polymer (1% by weight aqueous solution) 20.0
(10) Potassium hydroxide 0.1
(11) Ethanol 5.0
(12) Fragrance 0.2
(13) Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate 0.5
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (6) are mixed and heated to 75 ° C. to dissolve and homogenize. On the other hand, the water phase components (7) to (9) are mixed and dissolved, heated to 75 ° C., the oil phase components are added and uniformly emulsified with a homomixer, and (10) is added to adjust the pH. Adjust. After cooling, add and mix (11) to (13) at 40 ° C.
[0067]
[Example 12] Lotion for skin
(1) Ethanol 10.0 (wt%)
(2) Hydroxyethyl cellulose 1.0
(3) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 1.0
(4) Glycerin 7.0
(5) Guaiazulene sodium sulfonate 0.5
(6) Button extract 0.5
(7) Purified water 80.0
Production method: (1) to (7) are mixed and made uniform.
[0068]
[Example 13] Emulsion for skin
(1) Stearic acid 0.2 (% by weight)
(2) Cetanol 1.5
(3) Vaseline 3.0
(4) Liquid paraffin 7.0
(5) Polyoxyethylene (10EO) monooleate 1.5
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 1.0
(7) Glycerin 5.0
(8) Triethanolamine 1.0
(9) Purified water 79.0
(10) Lactic acid bacteria extract 0.5
(11) Placenta extract 0.3
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (6) are mixed, heated and uniformly dissolved, and kept at 70 ° C. On the other hand, the aqueous phase components (7) to (9) are mixed and heated to be uniform, and set to 70 ° C. The oil phase component is gradually added to the aqueous phase component while stirring to emulsify and then cooled, and the components (10) and (11) are added at 40 ° C.
[0069]
[Example 14] Gel for skin
(1) Purified water 90.9 (wt%)
(2) Carboxyvinyl polymer 0.5
(3) Dipropylene glycol 8.0
(4) Potassium hydroxide 0.1
(5) Ginkgo extract 0.2
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.3
Manufacturing method: (2) is added to (1) and dissolved uniformly, then (3) is added, then (4) is added to increase the viscosity, and (5) to (6) are added and mixed uniformly. .
[0070]
[Example 15] Skin cream
(1) Beeswaw 6.0 (wt%)
(2) Cetanol 5.0
(3) Reduced lanolin 8.0
(4) Squalane 29.5
(5) Lipophilic glycerin monostearate 4.0
(6) Polyoxyethylene (20EO)
Sorbitan monolaurate 5.0
(7) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.5
(8) Propylene glycol 5.0
(9) Oolong tea extract 0.2
(10) Purified water 36.8
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (7) are mixed, dissolved, and heated to 75 ° C. On the other hand, the water phase components (8) to (10) are mixed and dissolved and heated to 75 ° C. Subsequently, after adding an oil phase component to the said water phase component and pre-emulsifying, it emulsifies uniformly with a homomixer.
[0071]
Example 16 Oil-in-water emulsion ointment
(1) White petrolatum 25.0 (wt%)
(2) Stearyl alcohol 25.0
(3) Glycerin 10.0
(4) Sodium lauryl sulfate 1.0
(5) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.5
(6) Melissa extract 0.2
(7) Purified water 38.3
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (5) are mixed, dissolved and made uniform, and heated to 75 ° C. On the other hand, (6) is dissolved in (7), heated and dissolved at 75 ° C., and the oil phase component is added thereto to emulsify.
[0072]
[Example 17] Lotion
(1) Ethanol 10.0 (wt%)
(2) 1,3-butylene glycol 10.0
(3) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.5
(4) Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate 0.5
(5) Thyme extract 0.2
(6) Fragrance 0.1
(7) Purified water 78.7
Manufacturing method: (1) to (6) are sequentially added to (7) and mixed and dissolved uniformly.
[0073]
[Example 18] Makeup base cream
(1) Stearic acid 12.0 (wt%)
(2) Cetanol 2.0
(3) Glycerin tri-2-ethylhexanoate 2.5
(4) Self-emulsifying glycerin monostearate 2.0
(5) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.5
(6) Propylene glycol 10.0
(7) Potassium hydroxide 0.3
(8) Purified water 69.0
(9) Titanium oxide 1.0
(10) Bengala 0.1
(11) Yellow iron oxide 0.4
(12) Fragrance 0.1
(13) Button extract 0.1
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (5) are mixed and heated to 75 ° C. to be uniform. On the other hand, the components (6) to (8) are mixed and heated and dissolved at 75 ° C. to make it uniform. The phase component. The oil phase component is added to the aqueous phase component, emulsified with a homomixer, cooled, and the components (12) and (13) are added and mixed at 40 ° C.
[0074]
[Example 19] Emulsion foundation
(1) Stearic acid 2.0 (wt%)
(2) Squalane 5.0
(3) Octyldodecyl myristate 5.0
(4) Cetanol 1.0
(5) Decaglycerin monoisopalmitate 9.0
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.3
(7) 1,3-butylene glycol 8.0
(8) Potassium hydroxide 0.1
(9) Purified water 51.2
(10) Titanium oxide 9.0
(11) Talc 7.4
(12) Bengala 0.5
(13) Yellow iron oxide 1.1
(14) Black iron oxide 0.1
(15) Fragrance 0.1
(16) Mulberry extract 0.2
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (6) are mixed and heated to 75 ° C. to be uniform. On the other hand, the water phase components (7) to (9) are mixed, heated and dissolved at 75 ° C. to make it uniform, and the pigments (10) to (14) are added to this and dispersed uniformly with a homomixer. Let The oil phase component is added and emulsified, then cooled, and the components (15) and (16) are added and mixed at 40 ° C.
[0075]
[Example 20] Hand cream
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (7) are mixed, dissolved, and heated to 75 ° C. On the other hand, the water phase components (8) to (11) are mixed and dissolved and heated to 75 ° C. Next, the oil phase component is added to the water phase component and pre-emulsified, and then uniformly emulsified with a homomixer.
[0076]
[Example 21] Jelly peel-off pack
(1) Polyvinyl alcohol 15.0 (% by weight)
(2) Carboxymethylcellulose 5.0
(3) 1,3-butylene glycol 3.0
(4) Ethanol 6.0
(5) Polyoxyethylene (20EO) oleyl ether 0.5
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.2
(7) Achillea millefolium extract 0.1
(8) Purified water 70.2
Production method: Add (3) to (8) and heat to 75 ° C. (1) and (2) are added and dissolved therein, and (4) to (7) are added and solubilized.
[0077]
[Example 22] Massage gel
(1) Dipropylene glycol 7.0 (% by weight)
(2) Glycerin 8.0
(3) Polyoxyethylene (15EO) oleyl ether 1.0
(4) Carboxyvinyl polymer 0.4
(5) Methylcellulose 0.2
(6) Cordyceps supercritical fluid extract 0.4
(7) Hypericum perforatum extract 0.2
(8) Potassium hydroxide 0.1
(9) Purified water 82.7
Production method: Components (1) to (8) are sequentially added, dissolved and homogenized to (9) heated to 75 ° C.
[0078]
[Example 23] Face wash
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (8) are mixed and dissolved by heating to 70 ° C. On the other hand, the water phase components (9) to (11) are mixed and dissolved by heating to 70 ° C. The oil phase component is gradually added to this water phase component and pre-emulsified, then uniformly emulsified with a homomixer and cooled, and then the component (12) is added at 40 ° C.
[0079]
When the above-mentioned Examples 10 to 23 were evaluated for the effect of improving the pigmentation symptom, all the examples showed a good effect of improving the pigmentation symptom.
[0080]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an external preparation for skin which is effective in preventing and improving pigmentation, blotches, buckwheat and the like after sunburn and has a high skin whitening effect.
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| KR101827601B1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-02-08 | (주)하이메디코스 | Cosmetic composition containing the extracts of moringa oleifera and morus having anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory |
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| JP2005194203A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-21 | Dai Ichi Seiyaku Co Ltd | Bleaching composition |
| DE102005031482A1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Skin lightening compositions with improved action |
| JP2009051768A (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Kohjin Co Ltd | Thyrosinase activity inhibitory composition |
| JP5339340B2 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社椿 | Method for producing saponin aqueous solution derived from cocoon seeds |
| CN112724155B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-05-03 | 洛阳蓝斯利科技有限公司 | Method for preparing white glabridin by subcritical technology |
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| KR101827601B1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-02-08 | (주)하이메디코스 | Cosmetic composition containing the extracts of moringa oleifera and morus having anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory |
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