JP3833343B2 - block - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a block that can be used on a river bank, river bed, or coast.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there are the following blocks for the purpose of revetment as blocks provided in rivers and the like. (1) A block mat is disposed on a fiber sheet, and culture soil, seeds, etc. are introduced into the cavity of the block mat (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-203116). (2) A large number of holes are drilled in the front plate of the slope protection block and a mesh net is buried, and the back plate is closed with vegetation soil filled (see JP-A-7-54363) ).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the block {circle around (1)}, it is necessary to cover the entire slope of the river bank with a fiber sheet, and the construction work becomes large. Moreover, the plant itself to be vegetated is only positioned on the block by being rooted on the slope. For this reason, there is a risk of flowing down when the water volume increases.
[0004]
In addition, the slope protection block (2) can only be laid on a river bank with a single shape, and is not suitable for laying on a river bed or coast, and is not versatile.
[0005]
Furthermore, none of the above-mentioned blocks can be said to have fully considered the habitat environment such as river fish.
[0006]
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the block aiming at the environmental protection of a river or a shore.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the block comprises a pedestal portion that can be disposed on each wall of a riverbank, a river bed, or a coast, and a water flow restriction portion provided on the pedestal portion, It is composed of a standing wall that extends in a substantially right angle direction from the pedestal portion and can form a stagnation on the downstream side, and a roof portion that is provided in a substantially streamline shape at the tip of the standing wall.
[0014]
With this configuration, the standing wall blocks the running water, and is partitioned by the roof, so that a space where fish and the like can easily inhabit can be formed on the downstream side. Moreover, since a roof part is a streamline type, it is hard to receive the resistance from flowing water, and it is hard to generate | occur | produce a noise.
[0015]
It is preferable that the standing wall is formed with a through-hole that allows movement of fish and the like, particularly when the fish and the like can move smoothly when laid on the river bed.
[0016]
It is preferable to form a vegetation hole in which the plant is disposed in the roof portion.
[0020]
In addition, the shape which opens in a concave shape toward the downstream may be sufficient as the said flowing water control part.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022]
First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a block 1 according to a first embodiment. The block 1 includes a block body 2 and a lid 3. The block main body 2 has a substantially elliptical cross section and has a flat surface 2a that comes into contact with a river bed, a wall of a dike, or the like, and is made of, for example, concrete or a synthetic resin material. When formed of concrete, reinforcing bars may be built in consideration of strength. Further, the block body 2 has a through hole 4 that opens at both ends (if it is not long, only one end), a plurality of communication holes 5 that connect the through hole 4 and the outside, and a flat surface 2a. And a positioning hole 2b formed in the hole. Each communication hole 5 is fitted with a crack prevention ring 6. For the crack prevention ring 6, for example, a synthetic resin material such as polycarbonate, a metal material excellent in rust prevention such as stainless steel, or the like can be used. The communication holes 5 have a number and an inner diameter that are sufficient for the buds and roots of the plants to extend with the crack prevention ring 6 fitted, and that the plants do not flow out due to an increase in the flow rate. I just need it.
[0023]
The lid 3 closes the through holes 4 formed in the block body 2 from both sides. Thereby, the hollow part 7 is formed in the block 1.
[0024]
The block 1 is not limited to the shape described above, and may be a rectangular parallelepiped or a sphere having a rectangular cross section, and laying conditions such as a landscape of a river or a flowing water state (whether the flow is steep or a surrounding landscape) It can be changed freely according to the difference.
[0025]
The block 1 having the above-described configuration may include plant fibers (cultivated soil or the like) such as palm fibers in a state where one opening 4a of the block body 2 is closed by the lid 3. ) And is accommodated from the other opening (not shown), and the opening is closed by the lid 3 to complete the process easily. When accommodating culture soil etc., you may comprise so that it may be wrapped with a nonwoven fabric, a mesh line, etc. so that it may not be poured out from the hollow part 7. FIG. Moreover, it may replace with the said vegetable fiber and you may comprise with sponge, cloth, cotton, etc.
[0026]
Then, when laying on the riverbank, riverbed, or coast, the block 1 is fixed to a portion constituting the riverbank, riverbed, or coast so that the block 1 is not washed away. Specifically, the riverbank and the like are formed of concrete, and a plurality of protrusions 8 are erected therefrom, and the protrusions 8 are detachably laid by engaging with the positioning holes 2b of the respective blocks 1. In this case, it is preferable to lay so that the communication hole 5 is not located in the portion where the water flow directly acts. Note that the block 1 may be laid after germinating the seeds accommodated and growing it to some extent before laying.
[0027]
In the block 1 laid in this way, the plant is held in the hollow portion 7 and part of the plant extends from the plurality of communication holes 5, so that it is not washed away by running water or waves.
[0028]
Further, the hollow portion 7 of the block 1 and the outside communicate with each other only through the communication hole 5, and the roots of the plant are located there, so that other plant seeds do not enter inside. . For this reason, it becomes possible to vegetate only a desired plant, suppressing the influence of naturalized plants and the like.
[0029]
Further, if the block 1 is damaged or deteriorates with time, only the block 1 can be replaced, and can be easily repaired with little effort.
[0030]
In particular, when the block 1 is laid in a river, it is possible to form a stagnation on the downstream side of the block 1, thereby providing an environment in which fish can easily live. In this case, if a concave portion is formed in the downstream river bed of the block 1, it becomes an environment in which fish can more easily inhabit. Moreover, even if the water level becomes low, the block 1 disturbs the flow to be in a turbulent state, so that oxygen in the air can be easily taken into the flowing water, and deterioration of the environment is prevented. Furthermore, if the blocks 1 are laid in a staggered arrangement as shown in FIG. 3A, the fish can easily go upstream due to the stagnation of the downstream side formed for each block 1. In this case, each block 1 may be laid so as to be inclined in any direction with respect to the flow-down direction. In addition, when the river meanders as shown in FIG. 3B, a large number of blocks 1 may be provided on the riverbank side where the river bed bulges. As a result, the water flow rate to the river bank on the bulging side can be suppressed, and erosion can be prevented.
[0031]
Moreover, when laying the block 1 on the coast, as shown in FIG. 4, it is arranged so as to be inclined downward from the quay, and plants such as seaweed can be vegetated for each block 1. . As a result, even if a wave collides with the quay, it can be mitigated and prevented from launching on land, and when the ship is laid down, the plant acts as a cushion and prevents damage to the hull. it can.
[0032]
Further, when the block 1 is laid on a shallow coast, as shown in FIG. 5, the coast is formed of concrete, and the block 1 may be fixed on the upper surface of the block 1 so as to be inclined toward the land side. If sand or the like is accumulated on the concrete, the block 1 can prevent the sand from moving to the sea side at the time of tide, etc., and maintains a state close to nature even though it is an artificial coast. It is possible.
[0033]
In the above-described embodiment, each block 1 is laid by engaging the projection 8 provided on the river bed formed of concrete in the positioning hole 2b. It doesn't matter. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a rectangular plate-like pedestal portion 9 is integrated with the lower surface of the block 1, and this pedestal portion 9 is spread on a river bed or the like. In this case, it is preferable that the adjacent pedestal portions 9 are pressed against the adjacent blocks 1 sequentially from one side to the other side by laying them so that the side edges overlap each other like a roof tile. . Thereby, the revetment work can be completed simultaneously with the laying work of the block 1. Moreover, all blocks can be fixed only by fixing some blocks 1 to a river bed or the like. In particular, if the engaging portion and the engaging receiving portion are respectively formed in the overlapping portion of each block 1, it is preferable that the displacement is less likely to occur. In addition, each block 1 is fixed by the positioning hole 2b and the projection 8 or the pedestal portion 9, but each block 1 is connected by a wire or the like, and its end portion is fixed on land such as a river bank. Is also possible.
[0034]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which arrange | positions a plant in the hollow part 7 of the block 1, as shown in FIG. 7, it accommodates so that a plant or its seed can be taken out with an insulator fiber as a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape. It is good also as composition to do. In this case, the upper opening portion constitutes the communication portion according to the present invention. This block 1 can be mainly used by being provided on the riverbank, and even if the plant has withered, only the plant can be easily exchanged from above.
[0035]
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the block 1 was provided in the river bed, the riverbank, or the shore, you may make it provide in the weir formed in the river. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the structure of the weir is rotatable about the support shaft 12 at the other edge of the upstream weir plate 11 provided to be able to fall around the support shaft 10 at one edge. It is necessary to form the structure in which the downstream dam plate 13 is provided, and to form the block 1 on the upper surface of the downstream dam plate 13.
[0036]
Second Embodiment FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a block 21 according to a second embodiment. The block 21 includes a pedestal portion 22 and a flowing water restricting portion 23 protruding from the center of the pedestal portion 22.
[0037]
The pedestal 22 is plate-shaped and can be spread on the riverbank, riverbed, or coast. Each pedestal portion 22 is formed with a stepped portion 24 so that the adjacent pedestal portions 22 are pressed against each other.
[0038]
The flowing water restricting portion 23 includes a standing wall 25 protruding from the center of the pedestal portion 22 and a substantially streamlined roof portion 26 provided at an upper end portion of the standing wall 25. The standing wall 25 is disposed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the flowing water direction. A plurality of through holes 27 are formed in the standing wall 25. Each through-hole 27 enables movement of fish or the like to the upstream side. However, the through hole 27 has an inner diameter, a drilling location, a number, and the like so that a stagnation can be formed on the downstream side of the standing wall 25. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a tapered insertion hole 28 is formed in the roof portion 26 from the upper surface. A vegetation bush 29 is detachably attached to each insertion hole 28.
[0039]
The bush 29 can be made of a metal having excellent corrosion resistance, a non-ferrous metal, or a synthetic resin material. A flange 29 a is formed at the upper end of the bush 29. The flange 29a is not necessarily required, but assists when the bush 29 is removed from the insertion hole 28. In addition, a tapered or stepped vegetation hole 29 b is formed in the center of the bush 29. A plant is arranged in each vegetation hole 29b. The number of vegetation holes 29b is not limited. When a plurality of vegetation holes 29b are drilled, different plants may be disposed. When plant seeds are arranged in the vegetation hole 29b, it is only necessary to wrap the plant seeds with plant fibers, sponges, cloths, cotton, etc. as in the first embodiment, and it is preferable to accommodate the culture soil and the like together.
[0040]
Thus, according to the said bush 29, a specific plant can be vegetated for every vegetation hole 29b. In addition, the bush 29 can limit the growth of the plant and maintain a desired landscape.
[0041]
The block 21 having the above-described configuration may be laid on a river bed or the like, but as shown in FIG. 11, it may be laid only by pressing the pedestal portion 22 with a chestnut or the like. According to this, laying work can be simplified. Of course, the pedestal portion 22 may constitute a riverbank or a coastal wall.
[0042]
Moreover, in the state laid on the river bed, it is possible to form a stagnation that is liable to inhabit aquatic animals such as fish on the downstream side by the standing wall 25 blocking the flowing water. Moreover, since the standing wall 25 has a plurality of through holes 27, the aquatic animal can also move upstream. Excessive flowing water flows down along the upper surface of the smooth substantially streamlined roof portion 26. For this reason, it is difficult to generate noise as in the case of simply providing a weir. Therefore, it is suitable for waterways in residential areas.
[0043]
(3rd Embodiment) FIG. 12: shows sectional drawing of the block 31 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The block 31 includes a pedestal portion 32 and a running water restricting portion 33 as in the second embodiment. The base part 32 is arrange | positioned so that the bank may be comprised. The flowing water restricting portion 33 protrudes from the pedestal portion 32 in the horizontal direction, and its tip is bent downward. Since the space surrounded by the pedestal 32 and the flowing water restricting portion 33 has a large contact area with flowing water, the flow velocity is suppressed and an environment in which aquatic animals such as fish are liable to live.
[0044]
Since the block 31 having the above-described configuration can be provided in a staircase pattern on the riverbank, when the water level is lowered, the flowing water regulating portion 33 is sequentially positioned above the water surface and can be used as a road or the like.
[0045]
In addition, you may make it the shape of the said flowing water control part 33 as follows.
[0046]
In the block 41 shown in FIG. 13, the water flow restriction part 42 is mainly laid on the river bed, and is laid so as to bend from the pedestal part 43 in the direction of water flow. An auxiliary plate 41a can be attached to the block 41 in accordance with the arrangement location. As the mounting structure of the auxiliary plate 41a, various methods such as one having an engagement protrusion on one side and an engagement hole on the other side, a through hole formed on both sides, and fixing with bolts and nuts can be adopted. . Moreover, when arrange | positioning on a river bank, especially when arrange | positioning on the river bank of the swollen side of a meandering river, as shown in FIG.14 (b), the flowing water control part 42 should just be bent toward a downstream side. . Also in this case, the auxiliary plate 41a can be provided as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 14A, a box-shaped vegetation box 42 a having an upper opening can be attached to the flowing water regulating unit 42. In this case, the vegetation box 42a is preferably provided on the inner side where direct running water does not act.
[0047]
Further, in the block 44 shown in FIG. 15, the flowing water restricting portion 45 has a concave portion 46 opened to the downstream side.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the block according to the present invention, even if the flow rate is increased by water increase, the plant is held in the hollow part or the bush, so that it is washed away. Absent. Therefore, a desired plant can be reliably vegetated at a specific place. Moreover, since it will be in a state close | similar to nature on the external appearance with the grown plant, a landscape will not be spoiled. And since it can form in a desired shape, it is also possible to change into the appropriate thing according to the laying place. Furthermore, when it is provided in a river, the flow of water is relaxed and a stagnation is formed on the downstream side thereof, so that it is possible to provide an environment in which fish can easily live.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a block according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the block of FIG.
3 is a plan view showing a state in which the block of FIG. 1 is laid. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the block of FIG. 1 is laid on the quay of the coast.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the block of FIG. 1 is laid on a shallow coast.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the block according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of the block according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the block according to the first embodiment is provided in the weir.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a block according to a second embodiment.
10 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG. 9. FIG.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing another laying method of the block of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a laying state of blocks according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a block according to another embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an arrangement state of blocks in FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a block according to another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Block 2 Block body 3 Lid 5 Communication hole 7 Hollow part

Claims (3)

  A pedestal that can be placed on the riverbank, riverbed or coastal wall;
  It consists of a running water regulating part provided in the pedestal part,
  The flowing water restricting part extends in a substantially right angle direction from the pedestal part, and a standing wall capable of forming a stagnation on the downstream side,
  A block comprising a roof portion provided in a substantially streamline shape at a tip of the upright wall. The block according to claim 1 , wherein the standing wall has a through-hole that allows movement of fish or the like.   The block according to claim 1, wherein the roof portion has a vegetation hole in which plants are arranged.

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