JP3841577B2 - Epoxy resin composition - Google Patents
Epoxy resin composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3841577B2 JP3841577B2 JP33158498A JP33158498A JP3841577B2 JP 3841577 B2 JP3841577 B2 JP 3841577B2 JP 33158498 A JP33158498 A JP 33158498A JP 33158498 A JP33158498 A JP 33158498A JP 3841577 B2 JP3841577 B2 JP 3841577B2
- Authority
- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- resin composition
- curing accelerator
- cured product
- epoxy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- -1 benzimidazolium compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 14
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- SSUJUUNLZQVZMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,10a-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCC=CN2CCCNC21 SSUJUUNLZQVZMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910002026 crystalline silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1Br QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004844 aliphatic epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005007 epoxy-phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexabromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004843 novolac epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
- Structures Or Materials For Encapsulating Or Coating Semiconductor Devices Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、硬化性に優れ、硬化物中に塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物の発生が少ない半導体封止材用エポキシ樹脂組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
半導体素子の封止はエポキシ樹脂によるトランスファ成形が一般的であり、なかでもノボラック型エポキシ樹脂とノボラック型フェノール樹脂を使用する系が主流である。
この場合の硬化促進剤としてはトリフェニルホスフィン、2−メチルイミダゾールあるいは1,8−ジアザビシクロ〔5.4.0〕ウンデセン(DBU)が使用されることが多い。
このような半導体封止材用エポキシ樹脂組成物に対しては、生産性向上の点から成形工程の短縮化すなわち速硬化性が求められている。
また、同硬化物に対しては、絶縁性不良や回路の腐蝕の原因となる塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物が少ないことが求められている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のノボラック型エポキシ樹脂等のエポキシ樹脂、ノボラック型フェノール等のフェノール樹脂、トリフェニルホスフィン、2−メチルイミダゾールあるいはDBU等の硬化促進剤及び無機質充填剤から成るエポキシ樹脂組成物は、硬化速度が満足しうる状態にあるとは言えず、さらに硬化物中の塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物が多く、絶縁性不良によるリーク電流や回路の腐蝕による断線を生じるという欠点があった。
硬化速度の向上の点に関しては主に硬化促進剤について、またイオン性不純物低減に関してはエポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂及び硬化促進剤について検討がなされている。
【0004】
例えば、硬化促進剤としてトリアルキルホスフィンのテトラフェニルボレートを用いることにより、硬化性を向上させようとするものが特開昭62−149721号公報、また、特定の組成のエポキシ樹脂組成物を用いて、硬化物の信頼性を向上させようとするものが特開平8−245762号公報に開示されているが、必ずしも満足し得る状態に改善されたとはいえない。
本発明は、硬化性に優れ、且つ信頼性の点から有害な塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物の発生が少ない硬化物を与え得る、半導体封止材用途として有用なエポキシ樹脂組成物を提供するものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の目的を達成しようと鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の硬化促進剤を用いることによって、硬化性に優れ、且つ硬化物中に塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物の発生量が少ないエポキシ樹脂組成物が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成したものである。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、(A)エポキシ樹脂、(B)フェノール樹脂、(C)硬化促進剤として化2の一般式で示されるベンズイミダゾリウム化合物及び(D)無機質充填剤を必須成分とし、全体の樹脂組成物に対して前記(C)の硬化促進剤を0.002〜2.0重量%の割合で配合したことを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
【化2】
(式中、R1は水素原子、アルキル基、アラルキル基またはアルケニル基、R2は水素原子または低級アルキル基、nは3、4、または5、A−は一価のアニオンを表わす。)
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において使用される(A)エポキシ樹脂は、一般にエポキシ樹脂として使用されているものであれば、特に差し支えない。
エポキシ樹脂としては、例えば、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂などのグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルエステル型エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂、線状脂肪族エポキシ樹脂、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、複素環型エポキシ樹脂、ハロゲン化エポキシ樹脂等の1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂があげられ、これからなる群より選ばれる1種もしくは2種以上のものが使用される。
上記エポキシ樹脂は、塩素イオンの含有量が0.1重量%以下のものであることが好ましい。
また、エポキシ樹脂としては、グリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂を使用することが好ましく、とりわけ、エポキシ当量170〜300を有するノボラック型エポキシ樹脂を使用することによって、優れた特性を有する硬化物が得られる。
【0009】
本発明において使用される(B)フェノール樹脂は、一般にフェノール樹脂として使用されているものであればいかなるものでもよいが、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂を使用することが好ましい。
ノボラック型フェノール樹脂としては、例えば、フェノールノボラック樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂、tert―ブチルフェノールノボラック樹脂、ノニルフェノールノボラック樹脂などがあげられ、これから選ばれた1種、もしくは2種以上のものが使用される。
フェノール樹脂の配合量は,エポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基当量との関係から適宣選択することが望ましく、エポキシ基に対するフェノール性水酸基の当量比が0.5〜1.5の範囲内にあることが好ましい。当量比が0.5未満、あるいは1.5を超えると反応が充分進行せず、硬化物の特性が低下する。
【0010】
本発明において使用される(C)硬化促進剤は、前記の化2の一般式で示されるベンズイミダゾリウム化合物である。
具体的なベンズイミダゾリウムカチオンとして、例えば化3の(I)〜(XVII)の構造式で示されるものが挙げられる。
【0011】
【化3】
【0012】
一価のアニオンとしては、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、マロン酸、フマル酸、アジピン酸、安息香酸、ナフトエ酸、フタル酸、トリメリット酸等、のカルボキシレートアニオン、メタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、P−トルエンスルホン酸等のスルホン酸のスルホネートアニオン、テトラフルオロラートアニオン、テトラフェニルボラートアニオン、ヘキサフルオロりん酸アニオン等があげられる。
【0013】
本発明で使用するベンズイミダゾリウム化合物は、オルソフェニレンジアミン化合物とラクトン化合物から合成されるベンズイミダゾール化合物(西独特許公開第2733468号明細書参照)に、ハロゲン化アルキル化合物を反応させ、更にアニオン交換を行うことにより得られる。
これらのベンズイミダゾリウム化合物は単独または2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
また、本発明の実施に当たっては前記硬化促進剤と従来から知られているDBU等のアミン化合物やトリフェニルホスフィン等のリン化合物を併用しても差し支えない。
【0014】
この硬化促進剤の配合割合は、全体の樹脂組成物に対して0.002〜2.0重量%の範囲にすべきである。
硬化促進剤の配合割合が0.002重量%未満では硬化に時間がかかり過ぎて実用的でなく、また2.0重量%を超えると硬化物中に塩素イオンが多量に生成したり、硬化物の耐湿安定性が低下するなど硬化物の物性が低下する。
【0015】
本発明において使用される(D)無機質充填剤としては、例えば、石英ガラス粉末、結晶性シリカ粉末、ガラス繊維、タルク、アルミナ粉末、珪酸カルシウム粉末、炭酸カルシウム粉末、硫酸バリウム粉末、マグネシア粉末などがあげられ、これから成る群より選ばれる1種もしくは2種以上のものが使用される。
これらのうちで、石英ガラス粉末、結晶性シリカ粉末を用いることが、高純度及び低熱膨張係数を有することから好ましい。
【0016】
このような無機質充填剤の配合量は、使用するエポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂及び無機質充填剤の種類によって適宣選択する必要があるが、例えば、トランスファ成形に使用する場合には、エポキシ樹脂及びフェノール樹脂の総量に対し、重量比で1.5〜4倍程度が好ましい。
また、無機質充填剤の粒径は、適宣選択して使用すればよく、粒子の粗いものと細かいものを組み合わせて混合することにより、成形性を改善できる。
【0017】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、(A)エポキシ樹脂、(B)フェノール樹脂、(C)硬化促進剤としてのベンズイミダゾリウム化合物及び(D)無機質充填剤を必須成分とするが、必要に応じてこれらの外に少量の天然ワックス類、合成ワックス類、直鎖脂肪酸の金属塩、酸アミド類、エステル類、パラフィン類などの離型剤、塩素化パラフィン、ブロムトルエン、ヘキサブロムベンゼン、三酸化アンチモンなどの難燃剤及びシランカップリング剤などを適宣に添加したものであってもよい。
【0018】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、上記の各成分から通常の方法を用いて調製することができる。
例えば、所定の配合量の各成分をミキサー等で混合後、加熱ロール、ニーダーまたは押出機によって溶融混合し、ついで冷却固化させ適当な大きさに粉砕して成形材料を得ることができる。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例により、本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に制限されるものではない。
なお、各例中の組成割合はいずれも重量部で表したものである。
【0020】
〔実施例1〜11、比較例1〜5〕
表1に示したベンズイミダゾリウムカチオンとアニオンからなるベンズイミダゾリウム化合物を硬化促進剤とし、また比較のために表2に示した硬化促進剤を用い、表3に示した配合組成に従って、各成分を室温で混合し、さらに95〜100℃で混練冷却した後、粉砕してエポキシ樹脂組成物を調製した。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
【表2】
【0023】
【表3】
【0024】
エポキシ樹脂としてノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(エポキシ当量190)、フェノール樹脂としてノボラック型フェノール樹脂(水酸基当量117)、無機質充填剤として溶融シリカ粉末を用いた。
比較例1〜3では硬化促進剤としてトリフェニルホスフィン、DBU、2−メチルイミダゾールを使用した。
比較例4及び5では、実施例1で用いた硬化促進剤をエポキシ樹脂組成物100重量部に対し、夫々2.2重量%及び0.0016重量%配合している。
【0025】
これらのエポキシ樹脂組成物について、ゲル化時間及び硬化物中のイオン性不純物量を測定したところ、その結果は表4に示したとおりであった。なお、ゲル化時間及び硬化物中のイオン性不純物量の測定は以下の方法により行った。
(イ)ゲル化時間
実施例及び比較例のエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化性を熱板ゲル化法(150℃)により測定した。
(ロ)硬化物中のイオン性不純物量
実施例及び比較例のエポキシ樹脂組成物を、170℃で5時間加熱硬化させて成形体を得た。成形体を粉砕した後、60メッシュの篩で分級し、通過した粉末4gを蒸留水15gと共にテフロン性の高圧容器(容量25ml)に入れて加熱し(180℃で20時間)、成形体中のイオン性不純分の抽出を行った。
このようにして得られた抽出水について電気伝導度及びイオンクロマトグラフィー法で塩素イオン量を測定した。
【0026】
【表4】
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、硬化性に優れ、且つ塩素イオン等のイオン性不純物の発生が少ない硬化物を与えるので、半導体封止材用エポキシ樹脂として使用上の効果は顕著である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an epoxy resin composition for a semiconductor encapsulant that is excellent in curability and generates less ionic impurities such as chlorine ions in a cured product.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The sealing of semiconductor elements is generally performed by transfer molding using an epoxy resin, and in particular, a system using a novolac type epoxy resin and a novolac type phenol resin is the mainstream.
In this case, triphenylphosphine, 2-methylimidazole or 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecene (DBU) is often used as the curing accelerator.
For such an epoxy resin composition for a semiconductor encapsulant, shortening of the molding process, that is, quick curability is required from the viewpoint of improving productivity.
Further, the cured product is required to have a small amount of ionic impurities such as chlorine ions which cause insulation failure and circuit corrosion.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional epoxy resin such as novolac type epoxy resin, phenol resin such as novolak type phenol, epoxy resin composition comprising curing accelerator and inorganic filler such as triphenylphosphine, 2-methylimidazole or DBU has a satisfactory curing rate. In other words, the cured product has a large amount of ionic impurities such as chlorine ions, and has a drawback that leakage current due to poor insulation and disconnection due to circuit corrosion occur.
Studies have been made mainly on curing accelerators in terms of improving the curing rate, and on epoxy resins, phenolic resins and curing accelerators in terms of reducing ionic impurities.
[0004]
For example, by using tetraphenylborate of trialkylphosphine as a curing accelerator, an attempt to improve curability is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-149721, and an epoxy resin composition having a specific composition. An attempt to improve the reliability of the cured product is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-245762, but it cannot always be said that the state has been improved to a satisfactory level.
The present invention provides an epoxy resin composition useful as a semiconductor encapsulant application, which can provide a cured product having excellent curability and less generation of ionic impurities such as chlorine ions harmful from the viewpoint of reliability. It is.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have achieved excellent curability by using a specific curing accelerator, and the generation amount of ionic impurities such as chloride ions in the cured product. The present invention has been completed by finding that an epoxy resin composition with a low content can be obtained.
[0006]
That is, the epoxy resin composition of the present invention comprises (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenol resin, (C) a benzimidazolium compound represented by the general formula of Chemical Formula 2 as a curing accelerator, and (D) an inorganic filler. As an essential component, the curing accelerator (C) is blended at a ratio of 0.002 to 2.0% by weight with respect to the entire resin composition.
[0007]
[Chemical 2]
(Wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, n represents 3, 4, or 5, and A − represents a monovalent anion.)
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The (A) epoxy resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as an epoxy resin.
Examples of the epoxy resin include glycidyl ether type epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type epoxy resins, phenol novolac type epoxy resins, and cresol novolak type epoxy resins, glycidyl ester type epoxy resins, glycidyl amine type epoxy resins, and linear aliphatic epoxy resins. , Alicyclic epoxy resins, heterocyclic epoxy resins, halogenated epoxy resins and the like, and epoxy resins having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, and one or more selected from the group consisting of these Is used.
The epoxy resin preferably has a chlorine ion content of 0.1% by weight or less.
Moreover, it is preferable to use a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin as the epoxy resin, and in particular, by using a novolac type epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 170 to 300, a cured product having excellent characteristics can be obtained.
[0009]
The (B) phenol resin used in the present invention may be any as long as it is generally used as a phenol resin, but a novolac type phenol resin is preferably used.
Examples of the novolak type phenol resin include phenol novolak resin, cresol novolak resin, tert-butylphenol novolak resin, nonylphenol novolak resin, and the like, or one or more selected from these.
The blending amount of the phenol resin is preferably selected from the relationship with the epoxy group equivalent of the epoxy resin, and the equivalent ratio of the phenolic hydroxyl group to the epoxy group is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.5. . When the equivalent ratio is less than 0.5 or exceeds 1.5, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently, and the properties of the cured product are deteriorated.
[0010]
The (C) curing accelerator used in the present invention is a benzimidazolium compound represented by the general formula of Chemical Formula 2 above.
Specific benzimidazolium cations include, for example, those represented by the structural formulas (I) to (XVII) of Chemical Formula 3.
[0011]
[Chemical 3]
[0012]
Monovalent anions include formate, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, carboxylate anions, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfone, etc. Examples include acids, sulfonate anions of sulfonic acids such as P-toluenesulfonic acid, tetrafluorolate anions, tetraphenylborate anions, hexafluorophosphate anions, and the like.
[0013]
The benzimidazolium compound used in the present invention is obtained by reacting a benzimidazole compound synthesized from an orthophenylenediamine compound and a lactone compound (refer to West German Patent Publication No. 2733468) with an alkyl halide compound, and further performing anion exchange. To obtain.
These benzimidazolium compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
In carrying out the present invention, the curing accelerator may be used in combination with a conventionally known amine compound such as DBU or a phosphorus compound such as triphenylphosphine.
[0014]
The blending ratio of the curing accelerator should be in the range of 0.002 to 2.0% by weight with respect to the entire resin composition.
If the blending ratio of the curing accelerator is less than 0.002% by weight, it takes too much time for curing and is not practical. If it exceeds 2.0% by weight, a large amount of chlorine ions may be generated in the cured product, or the cured product may be cured. The physical properties of the cured product are reduced, for example, the moisture resistance stability is reduced.
[0015]
Examples of the inorganic filler (D) used in the present invention include quartz glass powder, crystalline silica powder, glass fiber, talc, alumina powder, calcium silicate powder, calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, and magnesia powder. One type or two or more types selected from the group consisting of these are used.
Among these, it is preferable to use quartz glass powder or crystalline silica powder because of its high purity and low thermal expansion coefficient.
[0016]
The blending amount of such an inorganic filler needs to be properly selected depending on the type of epoxy resin, phenol resin and inorganic filler to be used. For example, when used for transfer molding, the epoxy resin and phenol resin are used. The total amount is preferably about 1.5 to 4 times by weight.
In addition, the particle size of the inorganic filler may be appropriately selected and used, and the formability can be improved by mixing the coarse and fine particles in combination.
[0017]
The epoxy resin composition of the present invention comprises (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenol resin, (C) a benzimidazolium compound as a curing accelerator and (D) an inorganic filler as essential components. In addition to these, a small amount of natural waxes, synthetic waxes, metal salts of linear fatty acids, acid amides, esters, paraffins and other mold release agents, chlorinated paraffin, bromotoluene, hexabromobenzene, trioxide A flame retardant such as antimony and a silane coupling agent may be appropriately added.
[0018]
The epoxy resin composition of this invention can be prepared from each said component using a normal method.
For example, each component of a predetermined blending amount is mixed with a mixer or the like, then melted and mixed with a heating roll, a kneader or an extruder, then cooled and solidified, and pulverized to an appropriate size to obtain a molding material.
[0019]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited to these Examples.
In addition, all the composition ratios in each example are expressed in parts by weight.
[0020]
[Examples 1-11, Comparative Examples 1-5]
Each component according to the blending composition shown in Table 3 using the benzimidazolium compound consisting of benzimidazolium cation and anion shown in Table 1 as a curing accelerator, and using the curing accelerator shown in Table 2 for comparison. Were mixed at room temperature, further kneaded and cooled at 95 to 100 ° C., and then pulverized to prepare an epoxy resin composition.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
[Table 2]
[0023]
[Table 3]
[0024]
A novolac epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 190) was used as the epoxy resin, a novolac phenol resin (hydroxyl equivalent 117) was used as the phenol resin, and fused silica powder was used as the inorganic filler.
In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, triphenylphosphine, DBU, and 2-methylimidazole were used as curing accelerators.
In Comparative Examples 4 and 5, the curing accelerator used in Example 1 is blended in an amount of 2.2% by weight and 0.0016% by weight, respectively, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin composition.
[0025]
For these epoxy resin compositions, the gelation time and the amount of ionic impurities in the cured product were measured. The results were as shown in Table 4. The gelation time and the amount of ionic impurities in the cured product were measured by the following methods.
(I) Gelation time The curability of the epoxy resin compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured by a hot plate gelation method (150 ° C.).
(B) Amount of ionic impurities in cured product The epoxy resin compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples were heat-cured at 170 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain molded articles. After pulverizing the compact, it was classified with a 60-mesh sieve, and 4 g of the passed powder was placed in a Teflon-type high-pressure container (capacity 25 ml) together with 15 g of distilled water and heated (at 180 ° C. for 20 hours). Extraction of ionic impurities was performed.
The extracted water thus obtained was measured for electrical conductivity and chloride ion content by ion chromatography.
[0026]
[Table 4]
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
Since the epoxy resin composition of the present invention provides a cured product having excellent curability and less generation of ionic impurities such as chlorine ions, the effect in use as an epoxy resin for a semiconductor encapsulant is remarkable.
Claims (1)
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| JP33158498A JP3841577B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Epoxy resin composition |
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| JP33158498A JP3841577B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Epoxy resin composition |
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| JP3841577B2 true JP3841577B2 (en) | 2006-11-01 |
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