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JP3842861B2 - Method for electrolytic removal of hexavalent selenium - Google Patents
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JP3842861B2 - Method for electrolytic removal of hexavalent selenium - Google Patents

Method for electrolytic removal of hexavalent selenium Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3842861B2
JP3842861B2 JP04290997A JP4290997A JP3842861B2 JP 3842861 B2 JP3842861 B2 JP 3842861B2 JP 04290997 A JP04290997 A JP 04290997A JP 4290997 A JP4290997 A JP 4290997A JP 3842861 B2 JP3842861 B2 JP 3842861B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
selenium
electrolysis
hexavalent
hexavalent selenium
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP04290997A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10219491A (en
Inventor
宏則 立岩
浩之 永本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsui Kinzoku Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP04290997A priority Critical patent/JP3842861B2/en
Publication of JPH10219491A publication Critical patent/JPH10219491A/en
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  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はセレン、特に6価セレンを溶存含有するセレン含有排液中から電解法によりセレンをメタルとして除去する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、銅精錬等の電解沈殿物の処理工程等から排出される排液中にはセレンが含有される場合があり、セレンは有害であり環境汚染を生じるため、工場排出水中の許容限度は0.1ppmであり、排液発生源でこれら有害なセレンを極力除去する処理が必要となる。
【0003】
従来、前記排液中のセレンを除去する方法として、例えば特公昭48−30558号公報、特開平5−78105号および特開平6−79286号公報等に示されるように、鉄塩等の沈殿剤を添加し、溶液のpHを調整して排液中に溶存しているセレンを水酸化鉄等の沈殿物と共沈させる方法、あるいはUSP596117に示されるように排液中に亜鉛粉を添加しセレンを亜鉛により還元しセレンをメタルとして除去する方法、鉄イオンを添加しセレンを亜鉛により還元しセレンをメタルとして除去する方法が開示されている。しかしながら、上記従来方法のうち、セレンを水酸化鉄等の沈殿物と共沈させる方法では、6価のセレンイオンに対してはほとんど除去効果がないという問題点を有し、また亜鉛粉等の還元剤の添加により6価のセレンイオンをメタルに還元して除去する方法では大過剰の亜鉛粉等の還元剤を必要とし、コスト的に問題を有するものであった。
【0004】
一方、前記のような沈殿剤あるいは還元剤等の添加に代えて、排液を電解に供することにより排液中に溶存しているセレンをメタルとして除去する電解法が考えられる。通常、鉛、ステンレス等をカソードとした従来の電解法では−2価および4価のセレンイオンは0.1ppm以下まで容易に除去できるとしても、6価のセレンイオンについてはpH値が高くなるほどセレンの除去効率は低下し、pH2.5以上では殆ど除去されないため、より低pHに調整する必要があり、電解後の中和処理を含めて、多量の酸、アルカリを消費するという、経済的な問題点を有するものであった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はセレン、特に6価セレンを溶存含有するセレン含有排液中から電解法により高pHでセレンを電解除去することで、中和処理を含めて処理工程に要する酸、アルカリの消費量を少なくすることができる経済的に有利な電解除去方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明方法は、6価セレン含有排液中から溶存セレンを電解除去する方法であって、電解の電極材としてチタンからなるカソードを使用して電解することにより、6価セレンをメタルとして除去することを特徴とし、これにより前記課題を解決したものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
鉛、ステンレス等を電解のカソードとする従来の電解法では、−2価、4価のセレンイオンは0.1ppm以下まで容易に除去できるが、6価のセレンイオンは−2価および4価のセレンイオンと比べてpHが高くなるほどセレンの除去効率が低下し、pH2.5以上では殆ど除去されない。しかるに、電解のカソードとしてチタン材料からなる電極を使用して電解することにより、電解効率が著しく向上し、pH2.5以上でも6価セレンがメタルとして除去されるようになり、比較的高pHでも6価セレンの電解除去が可能となる。
【0008】
本発明において、カソードとしてチタン材料を使用することにより電解効率が向上することの作用は、カソードのチタン材料表面がセレンの電解還元反応の触媒として働くためと思われる。
【0009】
【実施例1】
6価のセレンイオンを10ppm含有する液1リットルに硫酸を添加してpHを1〜3、温度60℃に調整し、アノードとして25cm2のチタン白金板を、カソードとして25cm2のチタン板を使用し、0.5Aの定電流電解を行った。電解前、電解1時間後、3時間後、6時間後および12時間後の液中のセレン濃度を分析したところ、表1に示す結果が得られた。比較のため、アノードは前述と同一であるが、カソードとしてSUS304板、鉛板およびカーボン板をそれぞれ使用し、pH3、温度60℃で同様に電解に供した比較例1〜3を実施し、その結果をも表1に示す。
【0010】
【表1】

Figure 0003842861
【0011】
表1より、実施例4に示すように処理液のpHが1では6時間後にはセレン濃度が略完全に除去され、pHが2および2.5とした実施例2および3では12時間後にはセレン濃度が略完全に除去され、pHが3.0とした実施例1でもセレンが12時間後には0.1ppmまで除去され比較的高いpHでもセレン除去が十分に行われたことが分かる。一方、電解のカソードとしてスレンレス板、鉛板およびカーボン板を用いた比較例1〜3では電解12時間後にも液中にかなりの量のセレンが残存しており、セレン除去が不完全であることが分かる。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、従来除去が困難とされていた6価のセレンイオンを含有する排液でも比較的高いpHでセレンが短時間に効率良くに除去され、電解後の中和処理を含めて処理に要する酸、アルカリの消費量が抑えられ、経済的なセレンの除去方法が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for removing selenium as a metal by electrolysis from selenium-containing effluent containing dissolved selenium, particularly hexavalent selenium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, selenium is sometimes contained in the effluent discharged from the electrolytic precipitation treatment process such as copper refining, and since selenium is harmful and causes environmental pollution, the allowable limit in factory effluent is 0. .1 ppm, and it is necessary to remove the harmful selenium as much as possible at the drainage generation source.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a method for removing selenium in the effluent, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-30558, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-78105 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-79286, etc. And adjusting the pH of the solution to co-precipitate selenium dissolved in the drainage with a precipitate such as iron hydroxide, or adding zinc powder to the drainage as shown in USP596117 A method of reducing selenium with zinc and removing selenium as metal, and a method of adding iron ions and reducing selenium with zinc to remove selenium as metal are disclosed. However, among the above conventional methods, the method in which selenium is co-precipitated with a precipitate such as iron hydroxide has a problem that there is almost no removal effect on hexavalent selenium ions, The method of reducing hexavalent selenium ions to metal by addition of a reducing agent requires a large excess of reducing agent such as zinc powder, and has a problem in cost.
[0004]
On the other hand, instead of adding a precipitating agent or a reducing agent as described above, an electrolytic method is conceivable in which selenium dissolved in the effluent is removed as a metal by subjecting the effluent to electrolysis. In general, in the conventional electrolysis method using lead, stainless steel or the like as a cathode, -2 and tetravalent selenium ions can be easily removed to 0.1 ppm or less, but the hexavalent selenium ion has a higher pH value. Since the removal efficiency is reduced and it is hardly removed at pH 2.5 or higher, it is necessary to adjust to a lower pH, and a large amount of acid and alkali are consumed, including neutralization after electrolysis. It had a problem.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, selenium, particularly selenium-containing selenium containing dissolved selenium, is electrolyzed and removed from the selenium at high pH by electrolysis, thereby reducing acid and alkali consumption required for the treatment process including neutralization treatment. An object of the present invention is to provide an economically advantageous electrolytic removal method that can be reduced.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method of the present invention is a method of electrolytically removing dissolved selenium from a hexavalent selenium-containing effluent, and removing hexavalent selenium as a metal by electrolysis using a cathode made of titanium as an electrode material for electrolysis. This solves the above-mentioned problems.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the conventional electrolysis method using lead, stainless steel or the like as an electrolysis cathode, -2 valent and tetravalent selenium ions can be easily removed to 0.1 ppm or less, but 6 valent selenium ions are -2 and 4 valent. As the pH is higher than that of selenium ions, the selenium removal efficiency decreases, and is hardly removed at pH 2.5 or higher. However, by using an electrode made of a titanium material as an electrolysis cathode, electrolysis efficiency is remarkably improved, and hexavalent selenium is removed as a metal even at a pH of 2.5 or higher, even at a relatively high pH. Electrolytic removal of hexavalent selenium becomes possible.
[0008]
In the present invention, the effect of improving electrolytic efficiency by using a titanium material as the cathode is considered to be because the surface of the cathode titanium material acts as a catalyst for the electroreduction reaction of selenium.
[0009]
[Example 1]
1-3 the pH by adding sulfuric acid hexavalent selenium ions in L of liquid containing 10 ppm, was adjusted to a temperature 60 ° C., a titanium platinum plate of 25 cm 2 as the anode, using titanium plate 25 cm 2 as the cathode Then, constant current electrolysis at 0.5 A was performed. The results shown in Table 1 were obtained when the selenium concentration in the liquid was analyzed before electrolysis, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours after electrolysis. For comparison, the anode is the same as described above, but SUS304 plate, lead plate and carbon plate were used as cathodes, respectively, and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were similarly subjected to electrolysis at pH 3 and a temperature of 60 ° C. The results are also shown in Table 1.
[0010]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003842861
[0011]
From Table 1, as shown in Example 4, when the pH of the treatment solution was 1, the selenium concentration was almost completely removed after 6 hours, and in Examples 2 and 3 where the pH was 2 and 2.5, after 12 hours, It can be seen that even in Example 1 in which the selenium concentration was almost completely removed and the pH was 3.0, selenium was removed to 0.1 ppm after 12 hours and selenium was sufficiently removed even at a relatively high pH. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 using a selenium-less plate, a lead plate, and a carbon plate as an electrolysis cathode, a considerable amount of selenium remains in the solution even after 12 hours of electrolysis, and selenium removal is incomplete. I understand.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even effluent containing hexavalent selenium ions, which has conventionally been difficult to remove, selenium is efficiently removed in a short time at a relatively high pH. The consumption of acid and alkali required for the treatment including the sum treatment is suppressed, and an economical selenium removal method is obtained.

Claims (1)

6価セレン含有排液中から溶存セレンを電解除去する方法であって、電解のカソードとしてチタンを材料とする電極を使用して電解することにより、6価セレンをメタルとして除去することを特徴とする6価セレンの電解除去方法。A method of electrolytically removing dissolved selenium from a hexavalent selenium-containing effluent, characterized by removing hexavalent selenium as a metal by electrolysis using an electrode made of titanium as a cathode for electrolysis. A method for electrolytically removing hexavalent selenium.
JP04290997A 1997-02-12 1997-02-12 Method for electrolytic removal of hexavalent selenium Expired - Fee Related JP3842861B2 (en)

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JP3842861B2 true JP3842861B2 (en) 2006-11-08

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5792927B2 (en) * 2008-12-10 2015-10-14 Dowaホールディングス株式会社 Method for synthesizing titanium oxide electrode
CN108147375B (en) * 2017-12-27 2020-12-25 清远先导材料有限公司 Method for recovering selenium-germanium-sulfur glass
CN119736639A (en) * 2024-12-24 2025-04-01 昆明理工大学 A method for efficiently recovering elemental selenium from selenium-containing wastewater

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