JP3842897B2 - Manufacturing method of high workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property Download PDFInfo
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- JP3842897B2 JP3842897B2 JP12356198A JP12356198A JP3842897B2 JP 3842897 B2 JP3842897 B2 JP 3842897B2 JP 12356198 A JP12356198 A JP 12356198A JP 12356198 A JP12356198 A JP 12356198A JP 3842897 B2 JP3842897 B2 JP 3842897B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車用足回り部品等に使用される形状凍結性の優れた良加工性熱延高張力鋼板の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
良加工性熱延高張力鋼板は、残留オーステナイト鋼板とも言われ、フェライトとベイナイト主体の組織に残留オーステナイトが点在する組織を有する。この鋼板の特徴は、フェライト組織で良延性を確保しながら、ベイナイトで強度を持たせ、成形に伴い残留オーステナイトがマルテンサイトに変態し、くびれを生じようとする箇所を強化することにより破壊を抑制し、高延性を示すものである。この機構により従来の高張力鋼より格段に優れた加工性を示し、難加工部品への適用も進められている。
【0003】
しかしながら、この広範囲の適用には限界もある。その主要因の1つに形状凍結性の問題が挙げられる。残留オーステナイト鋼は、一般に強度−延性バランスが良く、しわ抑え力を強くすることができるので他の高張力鋼に比べ成形可能限界は比較的広いが、形状凍結性に関しては必ずしも優れているとは言えない。
【0004】
この鋼板の成分の特徴は、高張力を得るためにC,Mnを添加するが、これらの元素はオーステナイト安定元素であり、フェライトの生成を抑制するので、逆にフェライト安定元素であるSi, Al,Pなどを添加してフェライトを十分に析出させる成分系になっている(例えば,特開昭61-157625号公報)。特に、Al,Siはセメンタイトの析出を遅らせる作用があり、固溶のCをオーステナイト中に濃化させるのを助長し、残留オーステナイトを作りやすくする作用がある。
【0005】
また、製造方法の特徴は、フェライトを十分に析出させるために、Ar3変態点以上の温度で仕上圧延をした後、フェライトの析出を助長するためにフェライトが析出しやすい温度域で徐冷し、その後パーライトが析出しないように急冷してベイナイト生成温度で巻き取り、ベイナイトの進行に伴いオーステナイト中のCを濃化させ、オーステナイトを安定化させることにより室温でも安定なオーステナイトを残留させる冷却パターンを有している(例えば,特開平2−217425号公報)。このように熱間圧延自体は、Ar3変態点以上で行なわれるため板厚中心層の集合組織は変態によりランダム化が起こり、{100}/{111}の比は1前後のことが多い。即ち、今まで集合組織に注目した開発は皆無であった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、形状凍結性のすぐれた良加工性熱延高張力鋼板の製造方法を提供することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、形状凍結性と機械的性質の関係を詳細に検討し、形状凍結性は成形時の加工硬化特性に大きく影響されることを見い出した。本発明は、これらの知見に基づくものであり、その要旨とする処は、下記の通りである。
(1)重量比で、C:0.05〜0.2%、Si:0.3〜2.5%、Mn:0.5〜2.5%、P:0.15%以下、Al:0.01〜2.5%を含有し、残部鉄及び不可避的不純物からなる鋼を熱延する際に、650℃以上で仕上げると共に、Ar3変態点以下、650℃以上の温度で合計圧下率が50%以上の圧延を行ない、800℃以下、650℃以上の温度で一度巻き取り、10秒以上、10分以下の時間保持した後、巻き戻し、冷速20℃/sec以上で冷却し、再び500℃以下、300℃以上の温度で巻取ることを特徴とする形状凍結性に優れた良加工性熱延高張力鋼板の製造方法。
【0008】
(2)重量比で、Ti:0.001〜0.05%、Nb:0.001〜0.05%及びB:0.0001〜0.005%の1種又は2種以上を含有することを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の形状凍結性に優れた良加工性熱延高張力鋼板の製造方法。
(3)Ar3変態点以下、650℃以上の温度で合計圧下率が50%以上の圧延を行うに際し、潤滑を施し摩擦係数が0.2以下で圧延を行なうことを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)に記載の形状凍結性に優れた良加工性熱延高張力鋼板の製造方法。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明の鋼板の成分の限定条件について述べる。
【0010】
Cは、0.05%以上、0.2%以下に限定した。これは、Cが0.05%未満では高張力鋼板としての強度が十分でないためであり、また、0.2%超では溶接性が劣化するからである。
【0011】
Siは、0.3%以上、2.5%以下に限定した。これは、Siが0.3%未満では残留オーステナイトとフェライトが生成しにくく、また、2.5%超では加工性が劣化するからである。
【0012】
Mnは、0.5%以上、2.5%以下と限定した。これは、Mnが0.5%以上であれば強度を確保でき、また、2.5%超では加工性が劣化するためである。
Pは、Siと同様にフェライトの生成を助長するが、過度の添加は加工性を劣化するので上限を0.15%とした。
Alは、脱酸のときに必要でその時の下限が0.01%である。AlもSiと類似の効果でフェライトの生成を助長するが、過度の添加は加工性を劣化するので上限を2.5%とした。
【0013】
選択的に添加するTi, Nb,およびBは、析出強化、細粒強化、変態強化などの機構を通して組織制御により材質を改善するので適度な添加は好ましいが、過度の添加は加工性を劣化するので、それぞれ上限を0.05%、0.05%、0.005%と限定した。Ti,Nb及びBは、それぞれの効果が得られる下限として,Ti:0.001%、Nb:0.001%、B:0.0001%とした。
【0014】
次に、本発明の製造プロセス条件の限定について述べる。
熱延条件において、仕上温度の下限を650℃としたのは、これ以上低温で圧延すると引き続き行なう巻取時に再結晶が十分に起こらず加工性が劣化するためである。Ar3変態点以下、650℃以上の温度で合計圧下率を50%以上と限定したのは、この条件を満足することにより形状凍結性が顕著に向上するためであり、これは上記条件下で形状凍結性に優れた集合組織が形成されるためと推測される。
【0015】
また、Ar3変態点以下、650℃以上の温度で合計圧下率50%以上の熱延をする際に潤滑を施し、ロールと鋼板の間の摩擦係数を0.2以下にすることにより形状凍結性がさらに向上することが明らかになった。その理由は表層部の集合組織をせん断変形を小さくすることにより、中心の集合組織に近づけたので、形状凍結性に有利な集合組織が板厚全域に広がったためと推測される。
【0016】
次に、鋼板の巻取条件の限定について述べる。
本発明の大きな特徴は、巻取処理を2度するところにある。1度目の巻取では再結晶処理を積極的に行ない、また2回目の巻取は急冷した後に低温で行ないパーライト変態などによるカーバイドの析出を抑制し、ベイナイト変態の進行に伴いCをオーステナイトに濃化させ、室温でも安定なオーステナイトを残すためである。
【0017】
1回目の巻取処理を800℃以下、650℃以上の温度、10秒以上、10分以下と限定したのは、800℃超の温度ではフェライトが十分に生成しないためである。下限温度を650℃としたのは、これより低い温度になるとパーライトの生成が顕在化し、その後、2回目の巻取で低温巻取をしても残留オーステナイトが生成せず、残留オーステナイト鋼としての特性が得られないためである。1回目の巻取の保持時間を10秒以上としたのは、これより短い時間では加工されたフェライトが十分に再結晶しない可能性が高くなるためである。また、巻取の保持時間に上限を設けたのは、長い保持時間は生産性を劣化するためである。
【0018】
コイルを巻き戻し開始から2回目の巻取を行なうまでの冷速を20℃/sec以上と限定したのは、パーライトの生成を抑えて適量のベイナイト、残留オーステナイトを生成させるためである。パーライトの生成を抑制し、ベイナイト変態を促進するには2回目の巻取温度を500℃以下にする必要がある。また、残留オーステナイトを生成させるためにはマルテンサイトの生成を抑えなければならないので、2回目の巻取温度の下限を300℃にする必要がある。このような巻取条件は仕上圧延機に比較的近接したコイラーで巻き取り、それからROT(Run-out Table)へ巻戻し、再び従来のコイラーで巻き取ることで実現する。
【0019】
尚、本発明に係る高張力鋼板は、表面処理原板として使用しても、本発明の効果を得ることができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例および比較例に基づいて説明する。
【0021】
実施例および比較例には表1に示した成分組成を有する鋼を用いた。鋼種A〜C,E〜Gは、本発明鋼、D, H,Iは比較鋼である。Ar3温度は、フォーマスターで5℃/秒で冷却したときの測定結果である。熱延・巻取条件と高張力鋼板の成形性の指標となる成品板の圧延方向に切り出したJIS5号試験片の引張試験の全伸びと引張強度の積、ならびに形状凍結性の指標になる90度曲げ後の開口角を90で引いた値を、表2に示す。
【0022】
表2において、第一回目の巻取時間とは、コイルに巻き取られてから再び巻き戻されコイルから離れるまでの時間と定義する。その他の製造条件は、スラブ加熱温度が950℃から1250℃で、熱延板の板厚は1.6mmとした。摩擦係数は、先進率、圧延荷重、トルクなどのデータより圧延理論に基づいて計算によって求めた。
【0023】
【表1】
【0024】
【表2】
【0025】
本発明の範囲を満足した実験番号2、3、5、7、9、10、12、14、17、19、22、24、26の材料は、強度−延性バランスが優れているばかりでなく、スプリングバック角度も小さく形状凍結性も優れている。
一方、通常のγ域熱延で1回巻取法によって製造された実験番号1、16、18、21、23、25の材料は、同鋼種の本発明鋼に比べ、明らかにスプリングバックが大きい。
【0026】
Ar3以下、650℃以上の温度域での全圧下率が35%と低かった実験番号4の試料は、スプリングバック量が大きかった。
【0027】
第1回目の巻取温度が低かった実験番号6の試料は、パーライトが生成し、強度−延性バランスが劣化した。
【0028】
第1回目の巻取時の保持時間が短っかった実験番号8の材料は、強度−延性バランスが悪いばかりでなく、スプリングバック角度も大きかった。
【0029】
1回目の巻取からの巻き戻し開始から、2回目の巻取までの平均冷速が遅かった実験番号11の材料は、強度−延性バランスが悪かった。
【0030】
2回目の巻取温度が本発明の範囲外であった実験番号13、15の試料は、共に優れた強度−延性バランスを示さなかった。特に実験番号15の試料は、マルテンサイトが生成したため強度が高まりスプリングバック量が高くなった。
【0031】
また、成分範囲が本発明鋼の範囲を逸脱した鋼を用いた実験番号20、27、28では、優れた強度−延性バランスが得られなかった。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明方法によれば、形状凍結性に優れた加工用高張力鋼板が提供でき、寸法精度の問題で適用が難しかった部位にも高張力鋼板が使用でき、自動車の軽量化等に貢献できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet having excellent shape freezing properties and used for automobile undercarriage parts and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet is also called a retained austenite steel sheet, and has a structure in which retained austenite is scattered in a structure mainly composed of ferrite and bainite. The feature of this steel sheet is to suppress breakage by strengthening the part where the austenite is transformed into martensite and strengthens the part that is constricted by forming while strengthening the bainite while ensuring good ductility in the ferrite structure. In addition, it exhibits high ductility. This mechanism shows workability far superior to that of conventional high-strength steel, and is also being applied to difficult-to-work parts.
[0003]
However, this wide range of applications has its limitations. One of the main factors is the problem of shape freezing. Residual austenitic steel generally has a good balance between strength and ductility, and it can strengthen wrinkle suppression, so the formable limit is relatively wide compared to other high-strength steels, but it is not necessarily excellent in terms of shape freezing properties. I can not say.
[0004]
The characteristics of this steel sheet are that C and Mn are added in order to obtain high tension, but these elements are austenite stable elements and suppress the formation of ferrite. , P or the like is added to sufficiently precipitate the ferrite (for example, JP-A-61-157625). In particular, Al and Si have the effect of delaying the precipitation of cementite, helping to concentrate the solid solution C in the austenite, and making it easy to form residual austenite.
[0005]
In addition, the manufacturing method is characterized in that, in order to sufficiently precipitate ferrite, after finish rolling at a temperature equal to or higher than the Ar 3 transformation point, it is gradually cooled in a temperature range in which ferrite is likely to precipitate in order to promote ferrite precipitation. Then, it is rapidly cooled so that pearlite does not precipitate, and wound up at the bainite formation temperature, C in the austenite is concentrated as the bainite progresses, and the austenite is stabilized, thereby leaving a stable austenite even at room temperature. (For example, JP-A-2-217425). Thus, since the hot rolling itself is performed at an Ar 3 transformation point or higher, the texture of the sheet thickness center layer is randomized by transformation, and the ratio of {100} / {111} is often around 1. In other words, until now there has been no development focusing on the texture.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet having excellent shape freezing property.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has examined in detail the relationship between shape freezing properties and mechanical properties, and found that shape freezing properties are greatly influenced by work hardening characteristics during molding. The present invention is based on these findings, and the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) By weight ratio, C: 0.05-0.2%, Si: 0.3-2.5%, Mn: 0.5-2.5%, P: 0.15% or less, Al: 0.01-2.5%, the remaining iron and inevitable impurities When hot-rolling a steel made of steel, it is finished at 650 ° C or higher, and rolled at a temperature not higher than Ar 3 transformation point and not lower than 650 ° C with a total reduction of 50% or higher, and not higher than 800 ° C and not lower than 650 ° C. After winding up once, hold for 10 seconds or more and 10 minutes or less, then rewind, cool at a cooling rate of 20 ° C / sec or more, and take up again at temperatures of 500 ° C or less and 300 ° C or more A method for producing a good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing properties.
[0008]
(2) The above-mentioned, characterized by containing one or more of Ti: 0.001-0.05%, Nb: 0.001-0.05% and B: 0.0001-0.005% by weight ratio ( The manufacturing method of the good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel plate excellent in shape freezing property as described in 1).
(3) The rolling according to (1) or (3) above, wherein the rolling is performed with lubrication and a friction coefficient of 0.2 or less when rolling at a temperature of 650 ° C. or higher and a total rolling reduction of 50% or higher at a temperature of Ar 3 transformation point or lower. (2) A method for producing a good workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet having excellent shape freezing properties.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
First, the limiting conditions for the components of the steel sheet of the present invention will be described.
[0010]
C was limited to 0.05% or more and 0.2% or less. This is because if C is less than 0.05%, the strength as a high-strength steel sheet is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 0.2%, the weldability deteriorates.
[0011]
Si was limited to 0.3% or more and 2.5% or less. This is because if Si is less than 0.3%, retained austenite and ferrite are difficult to be formed, and if it exceeds 2.5%, workability deteriorates.
[0012]
Mn was limited to 0.5% or more and 2.5% or less. This is because if Mn is 0.5% or more, strength can be secured, and if it exceeds 2.5%, workability deteriorates.
P, like Si, promotes the formation of ferrite, but excessive addition degrades workability, so the upper limit was made 0.15%.
Al is necessary for deoxidation, and the lower limit is 0.01%. Al promotes the formation of ferrite by an effect similar to Si, but excessive addition deteriorates workability, so the upper limit was made 2.5%.
[0013]
Selective addition of Ti, Nb, and B improves the material by microstructure control through mechanisms such as precipitation strengthening, fine grain strengthening, transformation strengthening, etc., so moderate addition is preferable, but excessive addition deteriorates workability Therefore, the upper limits were limited to 0.05%, 0.05%, and 0.005%, respectively. Ti, Nb, and B were set as Ti: 0.001%, Nb: 0.001%, and B: 0.0001% as lower limits for obtaining the respective effects.
[0014]
Next, limitations on the manufacturing process conditions of the present invention will be described.
The reason why the lower limit of the finishing temperature is set to 650 ° C. in the hot rolling condition is that when the rolling is performed at a lower temperature than this, recrystallization does not occur sufficiently during the subsequent winding and the workability deteriorates. The reason why the total rolling reduction was limited to 50% or more at a temperature of Ar 3 transformation point or less and 650 ° C. or more is that the shape freezing property is remarkably improved by satisfying this condition. This is presumably because a texture having excellent shape freezing properties is formed.
[0015]
Also, lubrication is applied when hot rolling at a total rolling reduction of 50% or more at a temperature of 650 ° C or higher at an Ar 3 transformation temperature or lower, and the shape freezing property is reduced by making the friction coefficient between the roll and the steel sheet 0.2 or lower. It became clear that it improved further. This is presumably because the texture at the surface layer portion was made closer to the central texture by reducing the shear deformation, so that the texture advantageous to the shape freezing property spread throughout the plate thickness.
[0016]
Next, the limitation of the winding condition of the steel sheet will be described.
A major feature of the present invention is that the winding process is performed twice. In the first winding, recrystallization treatment is actively performed, and in the second winding, quenching is performed at a low temperature after quenching to suppress the precipitation of carbide due to pearlite transformation, and as the bainite transformation progresses, C is concentrated in austenite. This is to leave austenite that is stable even at room temperature.
[0017]
The reason for limiting the first winding process to temperatures of 800 ° C. or lower, 650 ° C. or higher, 10 seconds or longer, and 10 minutes or shorter is that ferrite is not sufficiently generated at temperatures higher than 800 ° C. The lower limit temperature is set to 650 ° C., and when the temperature is lower than this, the formation of pearlite becomes obvious, and then the residual austenite is not generated even when the low temperature winding is performed in the second winding. This is because characteristics cannot be obtained. The reason why the holding time of the first winding is set to 10 seconds or more is that there is a high possibility that the processed ferrite will not be sufficiently recrystallized in a shorter time. The upper limit is set for the winding holding time because the long holding time deteriorates the productivity.
[0018]
The reason why the cooling rate from the start of coil rewinding to the second winding is limited to 20 ° C./sec or more is to suppress the generation of pearlite and generate appropriate amounts of bainite and retained austenite. In order to suppress the formation of pearlite and promote the bainite transformation, the second winding temperature needs to be 500 ° C. or lower. Further, since the formation of martensite must be suppressed in order to generate retained austenite, the lower limit of the second coiling temperature needs to be 300 ° C. Such winding conditions are realized by winding with a coiler relatively close to the finishing mill, then rewinding to a ROT (Run-out Table), and then winding again with a conventional coiler.
[0019]
In addition, even if the high-tensile steel plate according to the present invention is used as a surface-treated original plate, the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples and comparative examples.
[0021]
In the examples and comparative examples, steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was used. Steel types A to C and E to G are steels of the present invention, and D, H and I are comparative steels. The Ar 3 temperature is a measurement result when cooled at 5 ° C./sec with Formaster. The product of the total elongation and tensile strength of the tensile test of JIS No. 5 test piece cut out in the rolling direction of the product sheet, which is an index of hot-rolling and winding conditions and formability of high-tensile steel sheet, and an index of shape freezing 90 Table 2 shows values obtained by subtracting the opening angle after bending by 90.
[0022]
In Table 2, the first winding time is defined as the time from when the coil is wound around the coil until it is rewound again and separated from the coil. Other manufacturing conditions were a slab heating temperature of 950 ° C. to 1250 ° C., and a hot-rolled sheet thickness of 1.6 mm. The friction coefficient was obtained by calculation based on the rolling theory from data such as the advanced rate, rolling load, and torque.
[0023]
[Table 1]
[0024]
[Table 2]
[0025]
The materials of Experiment Nos. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26 satisfying the scope of the present invention not only have an excellent strength-ductility balance, Small springback angle and excellent shape freezing.
On the other hand, the materials of Experiment Nos. 1, 16, 18, 21, 23, and 25 manufactured by ordinary winding in the γ region hot rolling have a clearly larger spring back than the steel of the present invention.
[0026]
The sample of Experiment No. 4 in which the total rolling reduction in the temperature range of Ar 3 or lower and 650 ° C. or higher was as low as 35% had a large amount of springback.
[0027]
In the sample of Experiment No. 6 in which the first winding temperature was low, pearlite was generated, and the strength-ductility balance was deteriorated.
[0028]
The material of Experiment No. 8, which had a short holding time during the first winding, not only had a poor strength-ductility balance, but also had a large springback angle.
[0029]
The material of Experiment No. 11 in which the average cooling speed from the start of rewinding from the first winding to the second winding was slow had a poor strength-ductility balance.
[0030]
The samples of Experiment Nos. 13 and 15 in which the second winding temperature was outside the range of the present invention did not show an excellent strength-ductility balance. In particular, in the sample of Experiment No. 15, since martensite was generated, the strength increased and the springback amount increased.
[0031]
Moreover, in the experiment numbers 20, 27, and 28 using the steel whose component range deviated from the range of the steel of the present invention, an excellent balance between strength and ductility was not obtained.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-strength steel sheet for processing excellent in shape freezing property, and it is possible to use a high-tensile steel sheet even in a site that is difficult to apply due to the problem of dimensional accuracy, which can contribute to weight reduction of an automobile.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12356198A JP3842897B2 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Manufacturing method of high workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12356198A JP3842897B2 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Manufacturing method of high workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11315328A JPH11315328A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
| JP3842897B2 true JP3842897B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12356198A Expired - Lifetime JP3842897B2 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Manufacturing method of high workability hot-rolled high-tensile steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3842897B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1288322A1 (en) | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-05 | Sidmar N.V. | An ultra high strength steel composition, the process of production of an ultra high strength steel product and the product obtained |
| EP1431406A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-23 | Sidmar N.V. | A steel composition for the production of cold rolled multiphase steel products |
| ES2766756T3 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2020-06-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | High strength steel sheet and high strength galvanized steel sheet with excellent shape fixing ability, and manufacturing method of the same |
-
1998
- 1998-05-06 JP JP12356198A patent/JP3842897B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11315328A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
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