JP3843539B2 - Discarded formwork - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a concrete discarded frame material having good drainage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various construction methods have been proposed as a spring water treatment method for constructing a concrete wall in a basement.
[0003]
One of them is a spring water treatment method in which a spring water treatment plate having a recessed portion is disposed on the inner surface side of a precast plate to form a discarded formwork, and concrete is driven into this.
[0004]
In this spring water treatment method, the recessed portion of the spring water treatment plate serves as a drainage channel, and water that has permeated through the concrete wall is drained through the recessed portion.
[0005]
In addition, it is also known that a water permeable sheet such as an unknown cloth is disposed on the inner surface side of the precast plate instead of the spring treatment plate and the water permeable sheet itself is used as a drainage channel.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the construction method in which the spring water treatment plate is disposed on the inner surface side of the precast plate, there is a concern that the driven concrete may enter the recessed portion and reduce the function as a drainage channel.
[0007]
Further, even in the construction method in which the water permeable sheet is disposed on the inner surface side of the precast plate, the water passage gap of the water permeable sheet is compressed by the heavy pressure of the driven concrete, and there is a concern that the function as a drainage channel may be deteriorated. .
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a discarded frame material having a good drainage property for a long period of time even after a concrete is placed.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a discarded frame material according to claim 1 of the present invention is a discarded frame material made of a rectangular plastic plate in which a plurality of hollow portions in the vertical direction with at least a lower end open are formed. In addition, a small hole communicating with the hollow portion is characterized in that a large number of continuous pores formed by firing the rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate are formed.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discarded frame material according to the first aspect, wherein a fiber layer is laminated and integrated on substantially the entire rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate.
[0011]
Using the discarded mold material of claim 1, a concrete discarded mold is assembled so that its rear surface is the inner side of the mold, and when concrete is poured into this and cured, the moisture in the concrete and the concrete after curing The permeated water that has permeated flows into the hollow portion from a number of small holes on the rear surface of the discarded mold frame material, and is discharged from the open lower end of the hollow portion. In addition, since the small holes are continuous pores formed by foaming the rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate, a step of mechanically drilling a large number of small holes in the rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate is not required. For example, means such as multilayer extrusion molding When forming a square plastic plate, it is possible to easily and efficiently manufacture by extruding and foaming a plastic containing a foaming agent on the rear surface side. Moreover, such continuous pores have good water permeability and are not easily clogged with solid solid particles, so that a good drainage function can be maintained over a long period of time.
[0013]
Furthermore, when the fiber layer is laminated and integrated on the back surface as in the case of the discarded frame material of claim 2, the inter-fiber gap of the fiber layer also functions as a drainage channel, so that the drainage performance is further improved. In addition, since the fiber layer functions as a filter to prevent the solid solid particles from entering the small holes on the back surface of the rectangular plastic plate, clogging of the small holes is further reduced.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 shows a discarded mold frame material according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view of the discarded mold frame material, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of the discarded mold frame material, and (c). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the abandoned mold member.
[0016]
The discarded frame member P1 is made of a plastic plate 1 formed by vertically forming hollow portions 1c in the vertical direction with both upper and lower ends opened side by side in front and rear rows. That is, an intermediate wall 1d is provided between the front surface 1a and the rear surface 1b of the hollow plastic plate 1, and a plurality of ribs 1e for connecting the front surface 1a and the rear surface 1b are provided so as to cross the intermediate wall 1d. The hollow portion 1c in the direction is formed in a state of being arranged side by side in two rows.
[0017]
The rectangular plastic plate 1 is made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, other thermoplastic resins, FRP in which an unsaturated polyester is reinforced with fibers, or the like, and is preferably a strong plate having an overall thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. is there.
[0018]
A large number of small holes (not shown) are formed in the rear surface 1b of the rectangular plastic plate 1 so as to communicate with the hollow portion 1c on the rear surface side. As will be described later, this small hole allows permeated water or the like to flow into the hollow portion 1c on the rear surface side. Of course, a small hole mechanically perforated on the rear surface 1b may be used. However, as in this embodiment, a rectangular plastic plate is used. 1 is preferably a small continuous pore formed by foaming the rear surface 1b.
[0019]
Such continuous pores have good water permeability and are not easily clogged with solid solid particles, so that a good drainage function can be maintained over a long period of time. Is produced, there is an advantage that it can be easily and efficiently formed by foaming the back surface at the same time as extrusion, and a troublesome drilling step is not required.
[0020]
The average pore diameter of the continuous pores is desirably set to about 0.02 to 1.5 mm by adjusting the expansion ratio of the rear surface 1b of the square plastic plate 1. When the average pore diameter of the continuous pores is smaller than 0.02 mm, the water permeability is lowered, and when it is larger than 1.5 mm, the strength of the rear surface 1b of the rectangular plastic plate 1 is lowered. On the other hand, when a small hole is mechanically drilled, the diameter of the small hole is preferably about 1 to 5 mm.
[0021]
The thickness of the front surface 1a, the thickness of the rear surface 1b, the opening area and the number of the hollow portions 1c, the thickness of the intermediate wall 1d, the thickness of the rib 1e, etc. are required for the discarded mold frame material. What is necessary is just to determine suitably considering the intensity | strength and the amount of drainage.
[0022]
The discarded frame material P1 having the above-described structure is formed by integrally extruding the front, side, intermediate wall, and rib portions of the plastic plate 1 by melting and extruding the above-described thermoplastic resin from a multilayer extruder, for example, and containing a foaming agent. The thermoplastic resin is melt-extruded to integrally form the rear surface portion of the plastic plate 1, and the rear surface portion is foamed simultaneously with the extrusion to form continuous pores.
[0023]
Further, when producing a discarded frame material in which small holes are perforated on the rear surface 1b of the plastic plate 1, a rectangular plastic plate 1 is integrally formed by melting and extruding a thermoplastic resin not containing a foaming agent from an ordinary extruder. A large number of small holes may be formed in the rear surface 1b with a punching device.
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use of the above-mentioned discarded frame member P1, and illustrates the case where the outer wall of a basement made of concrete is constructed.
[0025]
That is, by using the above-described discarded mold material P1, an inner discarded mold frame for concrete placement is assembled so that the rear surface 1b is on the inner side of the mold frame, and the mold material 2 using a normal plywood is used. After assembling the outer molds and driving concrete C into these molds and curing them, the outer mold material 2 is removed, and the discarded mold P1 is fixed and integrated on the wall inner surface. Build the outer wall of. Then, the soil is backfilled outside the outer wall.
[0026]
When the concrete outer wall is constructed in this way, moisture in the concrete C and permeated water W penetrating the concrete C from the outside pass through continuous pores (small holes) on the rear surface 1b of the discarded mold P1. It flows into the hollow part 1c on the rear surface side, flows down inside the hollow part 1c, and is drained. Therefore, no spring is generated on the concrete outer wall. In this case, a trough 3 is provided at the lower end of the disposal form P1, and the water flowing down from the hollow portion 1c is collected in a water tank (not shown) through the trough 3, and this water is drained by a pump. It is desirable.
[0027]
In addition, although the upper and lower ends of the hollow portion 1c are open in the discarded frame member P1 of the above embodiment, a good drainage effect can be obtained if at least the lower end of the hollow portion 1c is open.
[0028]
3 to 7 are all cross-sectional views of the discarded frame material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0029]
That is, the discarded frame member P2 shown in FIG. 3 omits the intermediate wall and provides a large number of hollow portions 1c by providing a large number of ribs 1e connecting the front surface 1a and the rear surface 1b of the rectangular plastic plate 1 at equal intervals. It is formed in a horizontal row. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the above-described discarded frame member P1, the same reference numerals are given to the same members and the description thereof is omitted.
[0030]
4 is further provided with auxiliary ribs 10d from the intermediate wall 1d to the rear surface 1b of the discarded mold frame P1, thereby opening the rectangular plastic plate 1 on the front surface 1a side. The hollow portions 1c having a large area are formed in a horizontal row, and the hollow portions 1c having a small opening area are formed in a horizontal row on the rear surface 1b side. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the above-described discarded frame member P1, the same reference numerals are given to the same members and the description thereof is omitted.
[0031]
As described above, in the discarded frame material according to the present invention, the hollow portion 1c may be one horizontal row, two rows, or three rows or more, and the size of the opening area of the hollow portion 1c is not particularly limited. In short, it is sufficient that the hollow portion has a size capable of draining all the water flowing in from the continuous pores (small holes) on the rear surface 1b of the square plastic plate 1 downward.
[0032]
5 is provided with protrusions 1f and 1f on the front side of the one side end and the rear side of the other side end of the discard type frame member P1 to provide a stepped portion for connection. Formed. Such a discarded mold frame material P4 can be assembled by engaging the connecting stepped portions with each other so as to prevent the concrete from leaking out. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the above-described discarded frame member P1, the same reference numerals are given to the same members and the description thereof is omitted. In addition, a projecting portion may be formed in the central portion of one side end of the discard frame member P4, and a concave portion may be formed in the central portion of the other side end, and the projecting portion may be fitted and connected to the concave portion. In this way, various meshing shapes or fitting shapes can be obtained.
[0033]
Further, the discarded frame member P5 shown in FIG. 6 has a large number of vertical protruding ridges 1g for anchors, the tip of which bulges, at the same interval as the rib 1e on the rear surface 1b of the discarded frame member P1. It is a thing. In such a discarded mold frame P5, since the anchor protrusion 1g bites into the cast concrete and is firmly fixed and integrated, the peeling of the discarded mold frame P5 can be reliably prevented. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the above-described discarded frame member P1, the same reference numerals are given to the same members and the description thereof is omitted. In addition, you may change suitably the number of 1 g of protruding items, and the shape of a front-end | tip.
[0034]
Further, the discarded frame material P6 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained by laminating and integrating the fiber layer 4 on the rear surface 1b of the discarded frame material P1. As the fiber layer 4, for example, a nonwoven fabric such as a synthetic resin fiber, a natural fiber, or an inorganic fiber, a mat, or the like is preferably used. When the fiber layer 4 is laminated and integrated in this way, the inter-fiber gap of the fiber layer 4 also functions as a drainage channel, so that the drainage performance is further improved, and the fiber layer 4 functions as a filter. In order to prevent the solid particles of concrete from entering the continuous pores (small holes) on the rear surface 1b of the rectangular plastic plate 1, the clogging of the small holes is further reduced.
[0035]
FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing an example of the use of the above-described discarded frame member P4, and a case where an outer wall corner portion of a concrete basement is constructed.
[0036]
According to this, the above-mentioned discarded mold frame materials P4 and P4 are arranged at right angles through the transparent plastic joint 5, and the projecting portions 1f and 1f at the side ends of both discarded mold frame materials P4 and P4 are connected to the joint. Assemble the right-angled formwork inside for concrete placement by assembling with the stepped part of 5 and assemble the right-angled formwork on the outside with the formwork material 2 using ordinary plywood The concrete C is driven into these molds. When the concrete C is hardened, the outer formwork material 2 is removed, and a concrete outer wall corner part is constructed in which the discarded formwork P1 is fixedly integrated with the inner surface of the wall.
[0037]
When the outer wall is constructed in such a manner that the discarded form P1 is fixed and integrated on the inner surface of the wall in this way, the moisture in the concrete C and the permeated water W that permeates the concrete C from the outside are formed on the rear surface 1b of the discarded form P1. Since it flows into the hollow part 1c on the rear surface side through the continuous pores (small holes) and flows down and drains through the inside of the hollow part 1c, no spring water is generated on the outer wall. If the transparent joint 5 is used, the concrete driving state can be observed from the front through the joint 5 when the concrete is driven. Countermeasures can be taken. Note that such a transparent joint is not limited to the corner portion, and can be used for connecting a discarded frame material at a portion other than the corner portion.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the discarded frame material of the present invention can introduce water into the hollow portion through the small hole on the rear surface, and drain the water from the lower open end of the hollow portion. When the concrete structure is made into a concrete structure, it is possible to efficiently drain the moisture in the concrete and the permeated water from the outside and sufficiently prevent the spring water on the concrete surface.
[0039]
In addition, the discarded form material whose small holes are continuous pores is hard to clog the solid particles of concrete, so it can maintain a good drainage function over a long period of time and eliminates the need for a drilling process. In addition, the discarded frame material in which the fiber layer is laminated and integrated on the rear surface is further improved in drainage, and the small pores are less likely to be clogged by the filter action of the fiber layer. There is an effect that a good drainage function can be maintained for a longer period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show a discarded mold frame material according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a front view of the discarded mold frame material, FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view of the discarded mold frame material, and FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view of the discarded frame material.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the use of the discarded frame material.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a discarded frame material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a discarded frame material according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a discarded frame material according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a discarded frame material according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a discarded frame material according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of use of the discarded frame material of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 Discarding frame material 1 Square plastic plate 1a Front face 1b Rear face 1c Hollow part 4 Fiber layer C Concrete W Permeated water

Claims (2)

It is a discarded frame material consisting of a rectangular plastic plate with a plurality of hollow parts in the vertical direction at least open at the lower end, and a small hole communicating with the hollow part on the rear surface, and the rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate is fired. A discarded mold material characterized in that a large number of continuous pores are formed.   2. The discarded frame material according to claim 1, wherein a fiber layer is laminated and integrated on substantially the entire rear surface of the rectangular plastic plate.

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