JP3844044B2 - Catalyst for hydrotreating aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oil and process for producing the same - Google Patents
Catalyst for hydrotreating aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oil and process for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP3844044B2 JP3844044B2 JP2000013163A JP2000013163A JP3844044B2 JP 3844044 B2 JP3844044 B2 JP 3844044B2 JP 2000013163 A JP2000013163 A JP 2000013163A JP 2000013163 A JP2000013163 A JP 2000013163A JP 3844044 B2 JP3844044 B2 JP 3844044B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の水素化処理用触媒に関し、特に炭化水素油中に含まれている芳香族炭化水素化合物の水素化処理において、水素化分解の割合が低く、かつ硫黄化合物などの耐被毒性に優れ、水素化活性が高い水素化処理用触媒およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来ディーゼルエンジンの燃料油である軽油は、原油の常圧蒸留によって得られる特定の沸点範囲の直留軽油留分を水素化脱硫・脱窒素処理を施して得られた軽油留分からなる軽油を主とし、それに減圧蒸留によって得られる軽油留分をブレンドして調製されている。
しかしながら軽油留分は原油中に限られた量しか含まれておらず、原油が年々重質化しているため、原油中の直留軽油留分の量が少なくなる傾向にある。そこで重質油を分解あるいは水素化分解・脱硫して軽油留分に転化することも行われている。また軽油は、ディーゼルエンジンの増加に伴い軽油に対する需要が大きくなるといった要因もあり、近い将来には軽油の供給量が不足することが予想されている。
【0003】
原油から得られる直留軽油留分の不足に対処し、軽油の需要の増大に応ずる1つの方法は、直留軽油留分にブレンドするブレンド油の生産量を増やすことである。
そこで接触分解装置から得られる特定の沸点範囲の軽質分解軽油が、軽油用の新たなブレンド油の原料油として注目されてきている。しかし軽質分解軽油は多くの芳香族炭化水素成分を含有しているため、そのままの性状で直留軽油留分にブレンドすると、芳香族炭化水素化合物の含有率が増し、ブレンド軽油のセタン価が大きく低下する。またディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中のパティキュレートは芳香族炭化水素化合物の一部が不完全燃焼することによって発生する微細粒子状の大気汚染物質であって、環境保全の立場から問題となり、燃料軽油中の芳香族炭化水素化合物の含有量を現在以上に削減する法律が制定されることが予想される。
そこで軽質分解軽油をブレンド油として用いるためには、軽質分解軽油に接触水素化処理を施して、芳香族炭化水素化合物の含有量を低減することが望ましい。
【0004】
軽質分解軽油は直留軽油留分に比べて硫黄化合物の含有量は少ないものの、それらが水素化処理されて生成する硫化水素が、芳香族炭化水素化合物の水素化反応を阻害するとともに触媒上の活性点を被毒し、活性劣化を引き起こす原因となることもあり、軽質分解軽油の水素化処理触媒の条件としては、芳香族炭化水素化合物に対する高い水素化活性と耐硫黄性、さらには脱硫性能をも有することが重要である。
水素化処理用触媒の中で周期律表第VIII族貴金属をアルミナなどの担体に担持した触媒は、一般に水素化活性が高く有力な触媒ではあるが、炭化水素油中の硫黄化合物などによって被毒を受け、早期に失活してしまうという欠点がある。
この欠点を改善するために担体中にゼオライトなどを含む触媒を用いて水素化処理を施す試みが行われている。しかしながらゼオライトは水素化分解反応に対しては高活性な触媒であるが、目的とする軽質分解軽油の水素化処理において水素化分解反応が同時に起こると、軽油留分の収率が減少するためできるだけ水素化分解活性を抑制する必要がある。
【0005】
特開昭64−66292号公報には、単位格子の長さが24.20〜24.30オングストローム、シリカ/アルミナ比が少なくとも25のY型ゼオライトに周期律表第VIII族貴金属を担持した触媒を用いて水素化処理を行う方法が開示されている。しかしながらこの方法では原料油中に含まれている硫黄化合物などにより触媒が被毒され、依然として芳香族化合物の水素化活性が不十分であり、水素化分解反応が生じて生成油の収率が低下するという欠点があった。
【0006】
また特開平8−283746号公報には、ケイ素、マグネシウムを主成分とする結晶性粘土鉱物からなる担体に周期律表第VIII族金属を担持した触媒および該触媒を用いた水素化処理方法が開示されている。しかしこの方法では水素化分解を抑制し生成油の収率を高める効果は得られているが芳香族化合物の水素化活性は依然として不十分であり、低濃度の硫黄化合物などが含まれる原料油に対しての水素化活性は良好ではあるものの、高濃度の硫黄化合物などが含まれている原料油の芳香族化合物の水素化処理効果については何ら記載されていない。
【0007】
さらに特表平8−509999号公報には、1.3nmより大きい直径を有する孔を持つ結晶性非層状アルミノシリケートに周期律表第VIII族金属を担持した触媒および該触媒を用いた水素化処理方法が開示されている。しかしこの方法では硫黄化合物などが著しく低い原料油に対しては生成油の収率と芳香族化合物の水素化活性は高める効果は得られているものの、高濃度の硫黄化合物などが含まれている原料油の芳香族化合物の水素化処理効果については何ら記載されていない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、硫黄化合物などを含んだ炭化水素油、特に軽油留分を水素化処理して芳香族化合物の含有率を低減させるのに適する硫黄化合物などに対する耐性が高く、水素化活性が高く、かつ生成油の収率が高い性能を具備し、さらに触媒の製造工程を簡略化することができる炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の水素化処理用触媒およびその製造方法を提供するものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記課題を解決して前記目的を達成するため鋭意研究を重ねた結果、シリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物を主成分とする触媒を用いることにより、炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の含有率を低減させるのに適した水素化反応活性が高く、硫黄化合物などに対する耐性が高く、かつ生成油の収率が高い触媒およびその製造方法を見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0010】
すなわち本発明の第1の実施態様に係る炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の水素化処理用触媒は、マグネシアを酸化物換算で25〜50重量%含み、シリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まないシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物と、活性成分としての周期律表第 VIII 族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上とからなり、且つ水銀圧入法で測定した全細孔容積が0.1〜0.5ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、100nm以上の細孔容積が0.096〜0.25ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、2000nm以上の細孔容積が0.05〜0.2ミリリットル/gの範囲である細孔特性を有し、窒素ガス吸着BET法で250m 2 /g以上の比表面積を有する多孔質で形成されてなることを特徴とするものであり、さらにまた前記シリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物に対する周期律表第VIII族貴金属の添加量が金属元素に換算して0.1〜2重量%であることを特徴とするものである。
【0011】
また本発明の第2実施態様に係る炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の水素化処理用触媒の製造方法は、マグネシアを酸化物換算で25〜50重量%含むシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに、該ゲルを粉化させたシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加えて、捏和して成型し、乾燥した後焼成して得られるシリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まないシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物触媒担体に、活性成分として周期律表第 VIII 族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液を担持し、乾燥後焼成し、その細孔特性を、水銀圧入法で測定した全細孔容積が0.1〜0.5ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、100nm以上の細孔容積が0.096〜0.25ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、2000nm以上の細孔容積が0.05〜0.2ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、かつ窒素ガス吸着BET法で測定した比表面積が250m 2 /g以上としたシリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まない触媒を調製したことを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
さらに本発明の第3の実施態様に係る炭化水素油中の芳香族化合物の水素化処理用触媒の製造方法は、マグネシアを酸化物換算で25〜50重量%含むシリカ−マグネシア水和物のゲルに、該ゲルを粉化させたシリカ−マグネシアからなる水和物粉体と周期律表第 VIII 族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液とを加えて混練し、捏和して成型し、乾燥後焼成し、その細孔特性を、水銀圧入法で測定した全細孔容積が0.1〜0.5ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、100nm以上の細孔容積が0.096〜0.25ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、2000nm以上の細孔容積が0.05〜0.2ミリリットル/gの範囲とし、かつ窒素ガス吸着BET法で測定した比表面積が250m 2 /g以上としたシリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まない触媒を調製したことを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
そして本発明の第2および第3の実施態様において、シリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物に対して周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液を金属元素に換算して0.1〜2重量%添加し、乾燥後焼成することを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物と、活性成分としての周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上とからなり、かつ多孔質に形成されてなる水素化処理用触媒は、要約すると以下の2つの工程により製造される。
すなわち、(1)シリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物触媒担体を用いるものであって、マグネシアの含有量が酸化物換算で25〜50重量%の範囲であるシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに該ゲルを粉化させたシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加えて、捏和して成型し、乾燥した後焼成して得られたシリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まないシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物触媒担体に、活性成分として周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液を担持し、乾燥後焼成するものである。
【0015】
(2)シリカ−マグネシアからなる水和物のマグネシアの含有量が酸化物換算で25〜50重量%の範囲であるシリカ−マグネシア水和物のゲルに、該ゲルを粉化させたシリカ−マグネシアからなる水和物粉体と周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液とを加えて加熱ジャケット付きニーダーなどにより混練し、捏和して成型し、乾燥後焼成するものである。前記した2つの工程において、マグネシアの含有量が酸化物換算で25〜50重量%の範囲であるシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルおよびシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を製造する方法としては、一般的な共沈法、沈着法、ゾル−ゲル法などの方法で製造し得るもので、例えば珪酸ナトリウム水溶液と、酸化物にした時にMgOとして25〜50重量%の範囲になる量の塩化マグネシウム水溶液とを混合し、加水分解し、生成したシリカ−マグネシア水和物スラリーを濾過・洗浄し、濾過する方法によってシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルを製造することができる。また該シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに水を加えてペースト化した後、噴霧乾燥、凍結乾燥、あるいはシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルを乾燥し、粉砕することにより平均粒径が5〜20μmの範囲のシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を製造することができる。
【0016】
そしてシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルを製造する際に使用するシリカ原料としては、1号珪酸ナトリウム溶液、2号珪酸ナトリウム溶液、3号珪酸ナトリウム溶液、四塩化珪素溶液などの水可溶性塩類が挙げられ、またマグネシア原料としては、塩化マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硝酸マグネシウム、酢酸マグネシウムなどの水可溶性塩類が挙げられる。さらに前記(1)における触媒担体の調製のための乾燥温度および(2)の混練後の乾燥温度は、得られる触媒担体または触媒が均等に乾燥される限り特に問題はなく、効率性や簡便性の点から80〜120℃の範囲の温度で乾燥すればよく、また同じく焼成温度は400〜600℃の範囲とすることがよく、その理由は400℃未満では酸化物状態にならず、一方600℃を超える温度で焼成すると得られる触媒の比表面積が著しく減少してしまうからである。そして本発明においてシリカとマグネシア以外の無機酸化物成分を含まないシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物とは、シリカとマグネシア水和物を製造する際に用いる原料中に含まれている微量の無機物質以外のことを定義するものであり、マトリックスとしてアルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニア、シリカ−アルミナ、ゼオライト、粘土鉱物などの無機酸化物成分を含まないものであり、これらの無機酸化物を含むと、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低下してしまうからである。
【0017】
つぎに前記(1)と(2)の工程について詳述すると、まず前記(1)の工程により水素化処理用触媒を製造するに際しては、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに前記シリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加えて、捏和して得られた可塑化物を所望の形状に成型し、乾燥して400〜600℃で通常2時間焼成してシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物触媒担体を調製する。ここでシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルにシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加える理由は、一次粒子で網目構造に形成されているシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに、一次粒子が凝集、集合により形成される二次粒子以上のシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を添加することにより、100nm以上の細孔を有する多孔質に形成させることが可能となり、得られた触媒の後述する細孔特性の範囲を満足させることができるからである。ついで前記のように調製された触媒担体に活性成分として周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上を触媒重量当り金属元素に換算して0.1〜2重量%になるように担持し、乾燥した後焼成する。
【0018】
そして前記(1)において用いられる周期律表第VIII族貴金属の金属塩溶液としては、硝酸塩、塩化物、酢酸塩、アンミン錯体などの水可溶性のものであれば如何なる塩でもよく、また活性金属の担持方法としてはイオン交換法、含浸法、気相法などの公知の触媒調製法の中で代表的な含浸法により担持することが簡便であり、担持後は活性成分を触媒担体に固定化するために乾燥、焼成処理を施す。この際の乾燥温度は得られる触媒が均等に乾燥される限り特に問題はなく、効率性や簡便性の点から前記と同様に80〜120℃範囲の温度で乾燥すればよい。また焼成温度は担持された活性成分が凝集したり、相変化を起こしたりして、変化を生じることがあるので、通常350〜600℃、好ましくは400〜500℃の温度範囲とすることが好ましい。
【0019】
一方前記(2)の工程により水素化処理用触媒を製造するに際しては、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに、前記シリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体と、金属元素に換算して0.1〜2重量%含有するように活性成分として周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上の金属塩溶液とを加えて、捏和して得られた可塑化物を所望の形状に成型し、乾燥して400〜600℃で通常2時間焼成する。ここでシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルにシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加える理由は、前記(1)と同様に一次粒子で網目構造に形成されているシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに、一次粒子が凝集、集合により形成される二次粒子以上のシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を添加することによって、100nm以上の細孔を有する多孔質に形成させることが可能となり、得られた触媒の後述する細孔特性の範囲を満足させることができるからである。
【0020】
そして前記(2)において用いられる周期律表第VIII族貴金属の金属塩溶液としても、硝酸塩、塩化物、酢酸塩、アンミン錯体などの水可溶性のものであれば如何なる塩でもよい。なおいずれの場合においてもシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体の添加量についてはシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を製造する方法によって異なるが、例えばシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルを乾燥し、粉砕したシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を用いるのであれば酸化物換算で20〜70重量%の範囲で加えることが好ましい。また活性成分として周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれた1種または2種以上を金属元素に換算して0.1〜2重量%になるよう担持もしくは含有するように添加する理由は、活性金属の添加量が0.1重量%未満では活性金属に起因する効果を発現させるには不十分であり、一方2重量%を超えて添加してもさらなる触媒活性の向上を得ることができないからである。
【0021】
そして本発明の水素化処理触媒の形状は円筒状、三つ葉状、四葉状、球状など所望の形状を適宜選択することができる。このようにして得られた本発明に係る水素化処理用の触媒の細孔特性は、水銀圧入法で測定した全細孔容積が0.1〜0.5ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、100nm以上の細孔容積が0.096〜0.25ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、2000nm以上の細孔容積が0.05〜0.2ミリリットル/gであり、好ましくは全細孔容積が0.15〜0.3ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、100nm以上の細孔容積が0.1〜0.2ミリリットル/gの範囲であり、2000nm以上の細孔容積が0.05〜0.15ミリリットル/gであって、さらに窒素ガス吸着BET法で測定した比表面積は250m2/g以上である。
【0022】
前記触媒の細孔特性が前記範囲下限値未満のときは反応物質がシリカ−マグネシアの微細細孔まで侵入できずに、ひいては触媒の水素化活性の効果が得られず、逆に上限値を超えると触媒の機械的強度が著しく低下し工業触媒としての特性が失われるからである。なお工業触媒の機械的強度としては、触媒の大きさ、形状にもよるが、一般的には1.5mmの円筒状のもので1.0kg/mm程度以上は必要である。
また窒素ガス吸着BET法で測定した比表面積を250m2/g以上とする理由は、触媒の有効比表面積が250m2/g未満であると細孔の内表面積が減少し、ひいては後述する活性金属の分散度が低下して触媒反応が効率よく進行しなくなるからである。
【0023】
そして本発明において用いられた活性成分は周期律表第VIII族貴金属の中から選ばれるルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、プラチナであり、好ましくはパラジウム、プラチナである。これらの貴金属は単独でもよいが混合して用いてもよく、特にパラジウム、プラチナを混合して用いることが好適である。
なお本発明においてシリカ−マグネシアからなる酸化物においてマグネシアの含有量を酸化物換算で25〜50重量%の範囲とする理由は、この範囲外においてはシリカ−マグネシアの持つ固体酸量が減少および/または固体塩基量が増大することになり、本発明の目的である水素化処理用触媒として十分な機能が発現できないためではないかと推測している。
【0024】
このようにして得られた本発明に係る水素化処理用触媒は炭化水素油中に含まれている芳香族炭化水素化合物の水素化活性が高く、かつ硫黄化合物などの被毒性に優れている。かかる効果は本発明による触媒が特定の細孔構造と高い比表面積を有しているため、目的の反応が効率よく促進するためではないかと推定される。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下本発明の具体的な例を実施例および比較例とともに詳細に説明する。
但し、本発明は実施例の範囲に限定されるものでない。
[実施例1]
(触媒担体の調製)
内容積100リットルの撹拌機付きステンレス製反応槽に、水25リットルとMgOとして5.3重量%濃度の塩化マグネシウム溶液16450ミリリットルとを反応槽内に入れ、60℃まで加温して保持し、撹拌しながらSiO2として9.2重量%濃度の珪酸ナトリウム溶液17500ミリリットルを全量滴下した後、さらに20重量%濃度の水酸化ナトリウム溶液を7200ミリリットル加えて、pH10.8のシリカ−マグネシア水和物スラリーを得た。
【0026】
つぎに該スラリーを30分間熟成した後、Na2Oとして0.2重量%以下になるまで濾過・洗浄してMgOとして35.1重量%含むシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルを得た。
つぎに該シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルの一部を110℃の温度で15時間乾燥後、粉砕し平均粒径10μmのシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を得た。
そして前記シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲル1184g(SiO2−MgOとして180g)とシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体208g(SiO2−MgOとして180g)とを加熱ジャケット付きニーダー中で十分可塑化するまで混練し、ついでこの可塑化物を押出し成型機で成型し、110℃の温度で15時間乾燥後、電気炉で600℃にて2時間焼成して直径1.2mmのシリカ−マグネシア触媒担体1′を調製した。
【0027】
(触媒の調製)
Ptとして5.5重量%含むテトラアンミン硝酸白金溶液を5.51gとPdとして4.7重量%含むテトラアンミン硝酸パラジウム溶液15.04gとを十分かぎ混ぜて混合し、触媒担体の吸水量に見合う液量になるように水で液量を調節した含浸液を、100gの前記シリカ−マグネシア触媒担体1′に含浸させ、熟成後110℃の温度で15時間乾燥後、電気炉で500℃にて2時間焼成して触媒1(実施例1)を得た。
なお得られた触媒1における活性金属の担持量はPtとして0.3重量%、Pdとして0.7重量%であった。
得られた触媒1について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET法により求めた比表面積および触媒1の組成について下記する表1に示す。
【0028】
(触媒の性能評価)
また得られた実施例1の触媒1について、触媒充填量15ミリリットルの固定床流通反応装置を用い、硫黄濃度519ppm、窒素濃度:101ppm、全芳香族:30.3重量%、多環芳香族:6.1重量%の性状の直留軽油を用い、反応条件は反応圧力:5.0Mpa、水素/オイル比:600Nl/l、液空間速度(LHSV):2.0hr−1、反応温度:320℃で行い、反応開始から50時間後の処理油中の脱芳香族率、ナフサ留分量および脱硫・脱窒素反応活性を求め、その結果を下記する表2に示す。
【0029】
[実施例2、3]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに加えるシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体の添加量を酸化物換算でそれぞれ25重量%、60重量%と代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様な手順により触媒担体2′、触媒担体3′を調製した。
【0030】
(触媒の調製)
このようにして得られた触媒担体2′、3′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒2(実施例2)、触媒3(実施例3)を得た。
得られた触媒2と3について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0031】
(触媒の性能評価)
実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒2、触媒3の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0032】
[実施例4、5]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、反応槽に滴下するSiO2として9.2重量%濃度の珪酸ナトリウム溶液の滴下量をSiO2として75重量%、50重量%生成するように代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様な手順により触媒担体4′、触媒担体5′を調製した。
【0033】
(触媒の調製)
このようにして得られた触媒担体4′、5′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒4(実施例4)、触媒5(実施例5)を得た。
得られた触媒4と5について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0034】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒4、触媒5の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0035】
[実施例6]
(触媒の調製)
実施例1の触媒の調製において、触媒担体として実施例1の触媒担体1′を使用し、かつ活性成分の金属塩溶液の種類をへキサクロロ白金酸と硝酸パラジウムに代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒6(実施例6)を得た。
得られた触媒6について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0036】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒6の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0037】
[実施例7]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルの一部に水を加えスラリー化した後、噴霧乾燥して得られたシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様な手順により触媒担体7′を調製した。
【0038】
(触媒の調製)
このようにして得られた触媒担体7′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒7(実施例7)を得た。
得られた触媒7について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0039】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒7の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0040】
[実施例8、9]
(触媒の調製)
実施例1の触媒の調製において、触媒担体として実施例3の触媒担体3′を使用し、かつ活性金属の担持量がそれぞれPtとして0.15重量%およびPdとして0.35重量%、Ptとして0.6重量%およびPdとして1.40重量%となるように代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒8(実施例8)、触媒9(実施例9)を得た。
得られた触媒8および9について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0041】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒8、9の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0042】
[比較例1、2]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに加えるシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体の添加量を酸化物換算でそれぞれ10重量%、80重量%と代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様にして触媒担体10′、触媒担体11′を調製した。
【0043】
(触媒の調製)
このようにして得られた触媒担体10′、11′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒10(比較例1)、触媒11(比較例2)を得た。
得られた触媒10、11について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0044】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして触媒10、11の各評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0045】
[比較例3]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、焼成温度を750℃とした以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様の手順により触媒担体12′を調製した。
【0046】
(触媒の調製)
得られた触媒担体12′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒12(比較例3)を得た。
得られた触媒12について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0047】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0048】
[比較例4、5]
(触媒担体の調製)
実施例1の触媒担体の調製において、反応槽に滴下するSiO2として9.2重量%濃度の珪酸ナトリウム溶液の滴下量をそれぞれSiO2として85重量%、40重量%生成するように代えたこと以外は実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様な手順により触媒担体13′、触媒担体14′を調製した。
【0049】
(触媒の調製)
得られた触媒担体13′、14′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒13(比較例4)、触媒14(比較例5)を得た。
得られた触媒13、14について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0050】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0051】
[比較例6]
(触媒担体の調製)
比較例1の触媒担体の調製において、シリカ−マグネシァ水和物ゲルに、それぞれシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を酸化物換算で50重量%とコンディア社製アルミナ水和物粉体を酸化物換算で5重量%加えたこと以外は、実施例1の触媒担体の調製と同様にして触媒担体15′を調製した。
【0052】
(触媒の調製)
得られた触媒担体15′を使用したこと以外は実施例1の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒15(比較例6)を得た。
得られた触媒15について水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒の組成について下記する表1に併せて示す。
【0053】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表2に併せて示す。
【0054】
【表1】
【0055】
【表2】
上記表1および表2から分る通り、実施例1〜9の触媒1〜9は触媒のシリカ−マグネシア組成および触媒の細孔特性ならびに比表面積や活性金属担持量に関して、いずれも本発明の範囲を満足するものであり、高い脱芳香族活性と高い脱硫・脱窒素活性を示すことが認められた。
【0056】
これに対して比較例1と2の触媒10と11は触媒のシリカ−マグネシア組成および触媒の比表面積や活性金属の担持量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒の細孔特性である全細孔容積、100nm、2000nmの細孔容積が小さいかあるいは大きい触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
【0057】
つぎに比較例3の触媒12は触媒のシリカ−マグネシア組成および触媒の細孔特性や活性金属の担持量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒の比表面積が小さい触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
そしてさらに比較例4、5の触媒13、14は、触媒の細孔特性および比表面積や活性金属の担持量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒のシリカ−マグネシア組成が本発明の範囲外の触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
【0058】
またさらに比較例6の触媒15は、触媒の細孔特性および比表面積や活性金属の担持量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒中にアルミナが含まれる触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
また本発明のシリカ−マグネシア加水分解方法で製造したシリカ−マグネシアを原料として用いることで処理油中のナフサ留分量が少ないことから水素化分解を抑制していることも明らかであった。
【0059】
[実施例10]
(触媒の調製)
実施例1と同様の手順でシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルとシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体とを得た。
そして得られたシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲル1184g(SiO2−MgOとして180g)と、シリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体208g(SiO2−MgOとして180g)と、Ptとして5.5重量%含むテトラアンミン硝酸白金溶液を19.84gおよびPdとして4.7重量%含むテトラアンミン硝酸パラジウムを54.14gとを加熱ジャケット付きニーダー中で十分可塑化するまで混練し、ついでこの可塑化物を押出し成型機で成型し、110℃の温度で15時間乾燥後、電気炉で500℃にて2時間焼成して直径1.2mmのシリカ−マグネシア触媒16(実施例10)を得た。
得られた触媒16について、実施例1と同様に水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に示す。
【0060】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に示す。
【0061】
[実施例11、12]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに加えるシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体の添加量を酸化物換算でそれぞれ30重量%、60重量%と代えたこと以外は、実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒17(実施例11)、触媒18(実施例12)を調製した。
得られた触媒17、18について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0062】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0063】
[実施例13、14]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、反応槽に滴下するSiO2として9.2重量%濃度の珪酸ナトリウム溶液の滴下量をそれぞれSiO2として75重量%、50重量%生成するように代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒19(実施例13)、触媒20(実施例14)を得た。
得られた触媒19および20について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0064】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0065】
[実施例15]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルとシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を加える活性成分の金属塩溶液の種類をへキサクロロ白金酸と硝酸パラジウムに代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒21(実施例15)を調製した。
得られた触媒21について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0066】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0067】
[実施例16]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルの一部に水を加えスラリー化した後、噴霧乾燥して得られたシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体を使用したこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒22(実施例16)を調製した。
得られた触媒22について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0068】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0069】
[実施例17、18]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルとシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体に加える活性金属量をそれぞれPtとして0.15重量%およびPdとして0.35重量%、Ptとして0.6重量%およびPdとして1.40重量%と代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒23(実施例17)、触媒24(実施例18)を調製した。
得られた触媒23、24について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0070】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0071】
[比較例7、8]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、シリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルに加えるシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体の添加量を酸化物換算でそれぞれ10重量%、80重量%と代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様にして触媒25(比較例7)、触媒26(比較例8)を調製した。
得られた触媒25および26について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0072】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0073】
[比較例9]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、焼成温度を750℃に代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒27(比較例9)を調製した。
得られた触媒27について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0074】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0075】
[比較例10、11]
(触媒の調製)
実施例10の触媒の調製において、反応槽に滴下するSiO2として9.2重量%濃度の珪酸ナトリウム溶液の滴下量をそれぞれSiO2として85重量%、40重量%生成するように代えたこと以外は実施例10の触媒の調製と同様な手順により触媒28(比較例10)、触媒29(比較例11)を調製した。
得られた触媒28および29について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0076】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0077】
[比較例12]
(触媒の調製)
比較例7の触媒の調製と同様にして得たシリカ−マグネシア水和物ゲルにシリカ−マグネシア水和物粉体とコンディア社製アルミナ水和物粉体を酸化物換算でそれぞれ5重量%加えたこと以外は、実施例10の触媒の調製と同様にして触媒30(比較例12)を調製した。
得られた触媒30について、水銀圧入法により求めた細孔特性と窒素ガス吸着によるBET吸着法により求めた比表面積および触媒組成について下記する表3に併せて示す。
【0078】
(触媒の性能評価)
また実施例1の触媒の性能評価と同様にして性能評価を行い、その結果を下記する表4に併せて示す。
【0079】
【表3】
【0080】
【表4】
【0081】
上記表3および表4から分る通り、実施例10〜18の触媒16〜24はシリカ−マグネシア組成および触媒の細孔特性ならびに比表面積や活性金属の含有量に関して、いずれも本発明の範囲を満足するものであり、高い脱芳香族活性と高い脱硫・脱窒素活性を示すことが認められた。
【0082】
これに対して比較例7と8の触媒25と26はシリカ−マグネシア組成および触媒の比表面積や活性金属の含有量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒の細孔特性である全細孔容積、100nm、2000nmの細孔容積が小さいかあるいは大きい触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
つぎに比較例9の触媒27は触媒のシリカ−マグネシア組成および細孔特性や活性金属の含有量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、触媒の比表面積が小さい触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
【0083】
そしてさらに比較例10、11の触媒28、29は、触媒の細孔特性および比表面積や活性金属の担持量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、シリカ−マグネシア組成が範囲外の触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
【0084】
またさらに比較例12の触媒30は、触媒の細孔特性および比表面積や活性金属の含有量は本発明の範囲に入るものの、アルミナが含まれている触媒であり、脱芳香族活性および脱硫・脱窒素活性が低い値を示していた。
【0085】
また本発明のシリカ−マグネシア加水分解方法で製造したシリカ−マグネシアを原料として用いることで処理油中のナフサ留分量が少ないことから水素化分解を抑制していることも明らかである。
【0086】
【発明の効果】
以上述べた通り本発明による水素化処理用の触媒を用いることにより、硫黄化合物などを含んだ炭化水素油中の芳香族炭化水素化合物を水素化する脱芳香族活性が高く、水素化分解の割合が低く、また硫黄化合物・窒素化合物に対する活性に優れた炭化水素油の水素化処理を行うことができるものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a catalyst for hydrotreating aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oils, and in particular, in the hydrotreating of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds contained in hydrocarbon oils, the ratio of hydrocracking is low and sulfur The present invention relates to a hydroprocessing catalyst having excellent poisoning resistance such as a compound and having high hydrogenation activity, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Diesel oil, the fuel oil for diesel engines, is mainly diesel oil obtained by hydrodesulfurization / denitrogenation of straight-run gas oil fractions with a specific boiling range obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil. It is prepared by blending a light oil fraction obtained by distillation under reduced pressure.
However, only a limited amount of the light oil fraction is contained in the crude oil, and since the crude oil is becoming heavier year by year, the amount of the straight-run gas oil fraction in the crude oil tends to decrease. Therefore, heavy oil is also cracked or hydrocracked / desulfurized and converted to a light oil fraction. In light oil, the demand for light oil increases as diesel engines increase, and it is expected that the supply of light oil will be short in the near future.
[0003]
One way to address the shortage of straight-run gas oil fractions obtained from crude oil and to meet the growing demand for light oil is to increase the production of blended oil blended into the straight-run gas oil fraction.
Therefore, a light cracked light oil having a specific boiling range obtained from a catalytic cracking apparatus has attracted attention as a raw material for a new blended oil for light oil. However, since light cracked diesel oil contains many aromatic hydrocarbon components, blending with straight-run gas oil fractions in the same state will increase the content of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and increase the cetane number of the blended diesel oil. descend. Particulates in the exhaust gas of diesel engines are fine particulate air pollutants generated by incomplete combustion of some aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, which are problematic from the standpoint of environmental protection. It is anticipated that legislation will be enacted to reduce the content of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds beyond the present level.
Therefore, in order to use light cracked light oil as a blend oil, it is desirable to reduce the content of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by subjecting the light cracked light oil to catalytic hydrogenation.
[0004]
Light cracked diesel oil contains less sulfur compounds than straight-run diesel oil fractions, but hydrogen sulfide produced by hydrotreating them inhibits the hydrogenation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and is It may poison active sites and cause activity degradation. The conditions for hydrotreating light cracked diesel oil are high hydrogenation activity and sulfur resistance for aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and desulfurization performance. It is important to also have
Among hydrotreating catalysts, a catalyst in which a Group VIII noble metal on the periodic table is supported on a carrier such as alumina is generally a powerful catalyst with high hydrogenation activity, but it is poisoned by sulfur compounds in hydrocarbon oil. And has the disadvantage of being deactivated early.
In order to remedy this drawback, attempts have been made to perform a hydrotreatment using a catalyst containing zeolite or the like in the support. However, zeolite is a highly active catalyst for hydrocracking reactions, but if hydrocracking reactions occur simultaneously in the hydrotreating process of the intended light cracked diesel oil, the yield of the diesel fuel fraction will decrease, so that it can be as much as possible. It is necessary to suppress hydrocracking activity.
[0005]
JP-A-64-66292 discloses a catalyst in which a group VIII noble metal is supported on a Y-type zeolite having a unit cell length of 24.20 to 24.30 Å and a silica / alumina ratio of at least 25. A method of performing hydrotreatment using the same is disclosed. However, in this method, the catalyst is poisoned by sulfur compounds contained in the feedstock oil, the hydrogenation activity of the aromatic compound is still insufficient, and the hydrocracking reaction occurs and the yield of the produced oil is reduced. There was a drawback of doing.
[0006]
JP-A-8-283746 discloses a catalyst in which a group VIII metal of the periodic table is supported on a support made of a crystalline clay mineral mainly composed of silicon and magnesium, and a hydrotreating method using the catalyst. Has been. However, this method has the effect of suppressing hydrocracking and increasing the yield of the product oil, but the hydrogenation activity of aromatic compounds is still insufficient, and it is not suitable for feedstocks containing low concentrations of sulfur compounds. Although the hydrogenation activity is good, there is no description about the hydrotreating effect of the aromatic compound of the feedstock oil containing a high concentration of sulfur compounds.
[0007]
Further, JP-A-8-509999 discloses a catalyst in which a group VIII metal of the periodic table is supported on a crystalline non-layered aluminosilicate having pores having a diameter larger than 1.3 nm, and hydrotreating using the catalyst. A method is disclosed. However, this method has an effect of increasing the yield of the product oil and the hydrogenation activity of the aromatic compound for the feedstock oil with extremely low sulfur compounds, but it contains a high concentration of sulfur compounds. There is no description about the effect of hydrotreating the aromatic compound of the feedstock.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to reduce the content of aromatic compounds by hydrotreating hydrocarbon oils containing sulfur compounds and the like, particularly gas oil fractions. Aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oils that have a high resistance to sulfur compounds suitable for use, a high hydrogenation activity, a high yield of product oil, and a simplified catalyst production process The present invention provides a hydrotreating catalyst and a method for producing the same.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems and to achieve the above object, the present invention contains aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oil by using a catalyst mainly composed of an oxide composed of silica-magnesia. The present inventors have found a catalyst having a high hydrogenation reaction activity suitable for reducing the rate, a high resistance to sulfur compounds and the like, and a high yield of the product oil, and a method for producing the same, and has completed the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the catalyst for hydrotreating an aromatic compound in the hydrocarbon oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises:An oxide composed of silica-magnesia containing 25 to 50% by weight of magnesia in terms of oxide and containing no inorganic oxide components other than silica and magnesia, and a periodic table as an active ingredient VIII 1 or 2 or more types selected from group noble metals, and the total pore volume measured by mercury porosimetry is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ml / g, and pores of 100 nm or more Nitrogen gas adsorption BET method having a pore characteristic in which the volume is in the range of 0.096 to 0.25 ml / g and the pore volume of 2000 nm or more is in the range of 0.05 to 0.2 ml / g At 250m 2 Is formed of a porous material having a specific surface area of not less than / g,Furthermore, the addition amount of the Group VIII noble metal in the periodic table to the oxide of silica-magnesia is 0.1 to 2% by weight in terms of metal element.
[0011]
A method for producing a catalyst for hydrotreating an aromatic compound in a hydrocarbon oil according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes:After adding silica-magnesia hydrate powder obtained by pulverizing the gel to silica-magnesia hydrate gel containing 25 to 50% by weight of magnesia in terms of oxide, kneading and molding, and drying An oxide catalyst carrier made of silica-magnesia containing no inorganic oxide components other than silica and magnesia obtained by firing is added to the periodic table as an active component. VIII One or two or more metal salt solutions selected from group noble metals are supported, dried and fired, and the pore characteristics of the total pore volume measured by mercury porosimetry is 0.1 to 0. The pore volume of 100 nm or more is in the range of 0.096 to 0.25 ml / g, the pore volume of 2000 nm or more is in the range of 0.05 to 0.2 ml / g, And the specific surface area measured by nitrogen gas adsorption BET method is 250m 2 A catalyst containing no inorganic oxide component other than silica and magnesia having a concentration of at least / g was prepared.
[0012]
Furthermore, the method for producing a catalyst for hydrotreating an aromatic compound in a hydrocarbon oil according to a third embodiment of the present invention comprises:A silica-magnesia hydrate gel containing 25 to 50% by weight of magnesia in terms of oxide, a hydrate powder composed of silica-magnesia obtained by pulverizing the gel, and a periodic table. VIII One or two or more metal salt solutions selected from group noble metals were added, kneaded, kneaded, molded, dried and fired, and the pore characteristics were all measured by mercury porosimetry. The pore volume is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ml / g, the pore volume of 100 nm or more is in the range of 0.096 to 0.25 ml / g, and the pore volume of 2000 nm or more is 0.05 to The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen gas adsorption BET method is 250 m in the range of 0.2 ml / g. 2 A catalyst containing no inorganic oxide component other than silica and magnesia having a concentration of at least / g was prepared.
[0013]
In the second and third embodiments of the present invention, one or two or more metal salt solutions selected from Group VIII noble metals of the periodic table are used as the metal element for the oxide of silica-magnesia. It is characterized in that it is added in an amount of 0.1 to 2% by weight, and is fired after drying.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The hydrogenation which consists of the oxide which consists of silica-magnesia which concerns on this invention, and 1 type, or 2 or more types chosen from the periodic table group VIII noble metal as an active ingredient, and is formed porous In summary, the treatment catalyst is produced by the following two steps.
That is,(1)Silica using an oxide catalyst carrier made of silica-magnesia, in which the gel is pulverized into a silica-magnesia hydrate gel having a magnesia content in the range of 25 to 50% by weight in terms of oxide -Addition of magnesia hydrate powder, knead, mold, dry and then calcined, the oxide catalyst carrier made of silica-magnesia containing no inorganic oxide components other than silica and magnesia, One or two or more metal salt solutions selected from Group VIII noble metals of the periodic table are supported as active ingredients, and are fired after drying.
[0015]
(2)Water composed of silica-magnesia obtained by pulverizing the gel into silica-magnesia hydrate gel in which the content of magnesia in the hydrate composed of silica-magnesia is in the range of 25 to 50% by weight in terms of oxide. After adding Japanese powder and one or more metal salt solutions selected from Group VIII noble metals in the periodic table, kneading with a kneader with a heating jacket, etc., kneading, molding, and drying It is what is fired. In the above-mentioned two steps, as a method for producing a silica-magnesia hydrate gel and silica-magnesia hydrate powder in which the content of magnesia is in the range of 25 to 50% by weight in terms of oxide, Such as a sodium silicate aqueous solution and a magnesium chloride aqueous solution in an amount ranging from 25 to 50% by weight as MgO when formed into an oxide, and a co-precipitation method, a deposition method, and a sol-gel method. The silica-magnesia hydrate gel can be produced by a method of mixing, hydrolyzing, filtering and washing the produced silica-magnesia hydrate slurry, and filtering. Further, after adding water to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel to form a paste, spray drying, freeze drying, or drying and pulverizing the silica-magnesia hydrate gel results in an average particle size in the range of 5 to 20 μm. Silica-magnesia hydrate powder can be produced.
[0016]
The silica raw material used for producing the silica-magnesia hydrate gel includes water-soluble salts such as No. 1 sodium silicate solution, No. 2 sodium silicate solution, No. 3 sodium silicate solution, and silicon tetrachloride solution. The magnesia raw material includes water-soluble salts such as magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, and magnesium acetate. Furthermore,(1)Drying temperature for the preparation of catalyst supports in(2)The drying temperature after kneading is not particularly problematic as long as the obtained catalyst carrier or catalyst is uniformly dried, and may be dried at a temperature in the range of 80 to 120 ° C. from the viewpoint of efficiency and simplicity. The calcination temperature is preferably in the range of 400 to 600 ° C. The reason is that if it is less than 400 ° C., it does not become an oxide state, whereas if it is calcined at a temperature exceeding 600 ° C., the specific surface area of the resulting catalyst is significantly reduced. Because. And in this invention, the oxide which consists of silica-magnesia which does not contain inorganic oxide components other than a silica and a magnesia is a trace amount inorganic substance contained in the raw material used when manufacturing a silica and a magnesia hydrate. It does not contain inorganic oxide components such as alumina, titania, zirconia, silica-alumina, zeolite, clay mineral as a matrix, and if these inorganic oxides are included, dearomatized This is because the activity and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity are reduced.
[0017]
Next(1)When(2)The process in detail will be described first.(1)When the hydrotreating catalyst is produced by the above step, the silica-magnesia hydrate powder is added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel, and the resulting plasticized product is molded into a desired shape. Then, it is dried and calcined usually at 400 to 600 ° C. for 2 hours to prepare an oxide catalyst support composed of silica-magnesia. Here, the reason why silica-magnesia hydrate powder is added to silica-magnesia hydrate gel is that primary particles are formed by aggregation and aggregation on silica-magnesia hydrate gel formed in a network structure with primary particles. By adding silica-magnesia hydrate powder of secondary particles or more, it becomes possible to form a porous material having pores of 100 nm or more, and the range of pore characteristics described later of the obtained catalyst It is because it can be satisfied. Then, one or more selected from the group VIII noble metals of the periodic table as an active ingredient in the catalyst carrier prepared as described above is 0.1 to 2% by weight in terms of metal element per catalyst weight. After being dried, it is fired.
[0018]
And said(1)The metal salt solution of the Group VIII noble metal used in the present invention may be any water-soluble salt such as nitrate, chloride, acetate, ammine complex, etc. It is easy to support by a typical impregnation method among known catalyst preparation methods such as an exchange method, an impregnation method, a gas phase method, and after the support, drying and calcination to immobilize the active component on the catalyst carrier Apply processing. The drying temperature at this time is not particularly limited as long as the obtained catalyst is uniformly dried, and may be dried at a temperature in the range of 80 to 120 ° C. in the same manner as described above from the viewpoint of efficiency and simplicity. The firing temperature is usually 350 to 600 ° C., preferably 400 to 500 ° C., because the supported active ingredient may aggregate or cause a phase change. .
[0019]
On the other hand(2)When the hydrotreating catalyst is produced by this step, the silica-magnesia hydrate gel contains 0.1 to 2% by weight in terms of the silica-magnesia hydrate powder and metal elements. Add one or more metal salt solutions selected from Group VIII noble metals of the periodic table as active ingredients to form a kneaded plasticized product into a desired shape and dry And is usually fired at 400 to 600 ° C. for 2 hours. The reason why the silica-magnesia hydrate powder is added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel is that(1)The silica-magnesia hydrate gel, which is formed by agglomeration and aggregation of primary particles, is added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel that is formed in a network structure with primary particles in the same manner as above. This is because it can be formed into a porous material having pores of 100 nm or more, and the range of pore characteristics described later of the obtained catalyst can be satisfied.
[0020]
And said(2)As the metal salt solution of the Group VIII noble metal used in the above, any salt may be used as long as it is water-soluble, such as nitrate, chloride, acetate, and ammine complex. In any case, the amount of silica-magnesia hydrate powder added varies depending on the method of producing the silica-magnesia hydrate powder. For example, silica-magnesia hydrate gel is dried and crushed silica. -If magnesia hydrate powder is used, it is preferably added in the range of 20 to 70% by weight in terms of oxide. The reason why one or more selected from the Group VIII noble metals in the periodic table is added as an active ingredient so as to be supported or contained so as to be 0.1 to 2% by weight in terms of a metal element. If the addition amount of the active metal is less than 0.1% by weight, it is insufficient to exhibit the effect due to the active metal, and if the addition amount exceeds 2% by weight, further improvement in catalytic activity can be obtained. It is not possible.
[0021]
The shape of the hydrotreating catalyst of the present invention can be appropriately selected from a desired shape such as a cylindrical shape, a three-leaf shape, a four-leaf shape, and a spherical shape. The pore characteristics of the hydrotreating catalyst according to the present invention thus obtained are such that the total pore volume measured by mercury porosimetry is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ml / g and 100 nm. The above pore volume0.096-0.25ml / gThe pore volume of 2000 nm or more is 0.05 to 0.2 ml / g, preferably the total pore volume is 0.15 to 0.3 ml / g, and 100 nm or more. The pore volume is in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 ml / g, the pore volume of 2000 nm or more is 0.05 to 0.15 ml / g, and the ratio measured by the nitrogen gas adsorption BET method Surface area is 250m2/ G or more.
[0022]
When the pore characteristics of the catalyst are less than the lower limit of the range, the reactant cannot enter the fine pores of silica-magnesia, and thus the effect of the hydrogenation activity of the catalyst cannot be obtained, and conversely exceeds the upper limit. This is because the mechanical strength of the catalyst is remarkably lowered and the characteristics as an industrial catalyst are lost. The mechanical strength of the industrial catalyst depends on the size and shape of the catalyst, but is generally 1.5 mm cylindrical and needs to be about 1.0 kg / mm or more.
The specific surface area measured by nitrogen gas adsorption BET method is 250 m.2/ G or more because the effective specific surface area of the catalyst is 250 m2If it is less than / g, the inner surface area of the pores decreases, and the dispersity of the active metal described later decreases, and the catalytic reaction does not proceed efficiently.
[0023]
The active ingredient used in the present invention is ruthenium, rhodium, palladium or platinum selected from Group VIII noble metals of the periodic table, preferably palladium or platinum. These noble metals may be used alone or in combination, and it is particularly preferable to use a mixture of palladium and platinum.
In the present invention, the reason why the content of magnesia in the oxide composed of silica-magnesia is in the range of 25 to 50% by weight in terms of oxide is that the solid acid amount of silica-magnesia decreases and / or is outside this range. Alternatively, the amount of the solid base is increased, and it is assumed that sufficient functions cannot be exhibited as a hydroprocessing catalyst that is the object of the present invention.
[0024]
The hydrotreating catalyst according to the present invention thus obtained has a high hydrogenation activity for the aromatic hydrocarbon compound contained in the hydrocarbon oil, and is excellent in toxicity to sulfur compounds and the like. Such an effect is presumed to be because the target reaction is efficiently promoted because the catalyst according to the present invention has a specific pore structure and a high specific surface area.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described in detail together with examples and comparative examples.
However, the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.
[Example 1]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In a stainless steel reaction tank with a stirrer having an internal volume of 100 liters, 25 liters of water and 16450 ml of 5.3 wt% magnesium chloride solution as MgO were placed in the reaction tank, heated to 60 ° C. and held, SiO with stirring2As a whole, 17500 ml of a 9.2 wt% sodium silicate solution was added dropwise, and then 7200 ml of a 20 wt% sodium hydroxide solution was further added to obtain a silica-magnesia hydrate slurry having a pH of 10.8.
[0026]
Next, after aging the slurry for 30 minutes, Na2The silica-magnesia hydrate gel containing 35.1% by weight as MgO was obtained by filtration and washing to 0.2% by weight or less as O.
Next, a part of the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was dried at a temperature of 110 ° C. for 15 hours and then pulverized to obtain silica-magnesia hydrate powder having an average particle size of 10 μm.
And the silica-magnesia hydrate gel 1184g (SiO2-180 g as MgO) and 208 g of silica-magnesia hydrate powder (SiO2-180 g) as MgO in a kneader with a heating jacket until it is sufficiently plasticized, then this plasticized product is molded with an extrusion molding machine, dried at a temperature of 110 ° C for 15 hours, and then at 600 ° C in an electric furnace. A silica-magnesia catalyst carrier 1 'having a diameter of 1.2 mm was prepared by calcination for 2 hours.
[0027]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A mixture of 5.51 g of tetraammineplatinum nitrate solution containing 5.5% by weight of Pt and 15.04 g of tetraamminepalladium nitrate solution containing 4.7% by weight of Pd is sufficiently mixed and mixed to meet the water absorption of the catalyst carrier. 100 g of the silica-magnesia catalyst support 1 ′ was impregnated with water so that the amount of the impregnating solution was adjusted so that the solution was ripened and dried at 110 ° C. for 15 hours and then in an electric furnace at 500 ° C. for 2 hours. The catalyst 1 (Example 1) was obtained by calcination.
The amount of active metal supported in the obtained catalyst 1 was 0.3% by weight as Pt and 0.7% by weight as Pd.
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the composition of the catalyst 1 for the obtained catalyst 1.
[0028]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Moreover, about the obtained catalyst 1 of Example 1, using a fixed bed flow reactor with a catalyst filling amount of 15 ml, a sulfur concentration of 519 ppm, a nitrogen concentration: 101 ppm, a total aromatic: 30.3% by weight, a polycyclic aromatic: A straight-run gas oil of 6.1% by weight was used, and the reaction conditions were: reaction pressure: 5.0 Mpa, hydrogen / oil ratio: 600 Nl / l, liquid space velocity (LHSV): 2.0 hr-1The reaction temperature was 320 ° C., and the dearomatization rate, naphtha fraction amount and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity in the treated oil 50 hours after the start of the reaction were determined, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0029]
[Examples 2 and 3]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
The catalyst carrier of Example 1 was prepared except that the amount of silica-magnesia hydrate powder added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was changed to 25% by weight and 60% by weight in terms of oxide, respectively. A catalyst carrier 2 'and a catalyst carrier 3' were prepared by the same procedure as the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1.
[0030]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Catalyst 2 (Example 2) and Catalyst 3 (Example 3) were obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the catalyst carriers 2 'and 3' thus obtained were used. .
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the composition of the catalyst for the obtained catalysts 2 and 3.
[0031]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Each evaluation of Catalyst 2 and Catalyst 3 was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0032]
[Examples 4 and 5]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In the preparation of the catalyst support of Example 1, SiO dropped into the reaction vessel2The amount of 9.2 wt% sodium silicate solution added as SiO 22Catalyst carrier 4 'and catalyst carrier 5' were prepared by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1 except that the amount was changed to 75% and 50% by weight.
[0033]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Catalyst 4 (Example 4) and Catalyst 5 (Example 5) were obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the catalyst carriers 4 'and 5' thus obtained were used. .
The pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method for the obtained catalysts 4 and 5, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the composition of the catalyst are shown together in Table 1 below.
[0034]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Moreover, each evaluation of the catalyst 4 and the catalyst 5 was performed similarly to the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the result is combined with the following Table 2, and is shown.
[0035]
[Example 6]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1, Example 1 was used except that the catalyst support 1 'of Example 1 was used as the catalyst support and the type of the metal salt solution of the active component was changed to hexachloroplatinic acid and palladium nitrate. Catalyst 6 (Example 6) was obtained by the same procedure as that for preparing the catalyst.
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the catalyst composition.
[0036]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Each evaluation of the catalyst 6 was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0037]
[Example 7]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In the preparation of the catalyst support of Example 1, water was added to a part of the silica-magnesia hydrate gel to make a slurry, and then the silica-magnesia hydrate powder obtained by spray drying was used. A catalyst carrier 7 'was prepared by the same procedure as the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1.
[0038]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A catalyst 7 (Example 7) was obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the catalyst carrier 7 'thus obtained was used.
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the catalyst composition.
[0039]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, each evaluation of the catalyst 7 was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0040]
[Examples 8 and 9]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1, the catalyst carrier 3 'of Example 3 was used as the catalyst carrier, and the active metal loadings were 0.15% by weight as Pt, 0.35% by weight as Pd, and Pt, respectively. Catalyst 8 (Example 8) and Catalyst 9 (Example 9) were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the content was changed to 0.6% by weight and Pd to be 1.40% by weight. Obtained.
The pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method and the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the composition of the catalyst for the obtained catalysts 8 and 9 are also shown in Table 1 below.
[0041]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Each evaluation of the catalysts 8 and 9 was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0042]
[Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
The catalyst carrier of Example 1 was prepared except that the amount of silica-magnesia hydrate powder added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was changed to 10% by weight and 80% by weight in terms of oxides, respectively. In the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1, a catalyst carrier 10 ′ and a catalyst carrier 11 ′ were prepared.
[0043]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A catalyst 10 (Comparative Example 1) and a catalyst 11 (Comparative Example 2) were obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1, except that the catalyst carriers 10 'and 11' thus obtained were used. .
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the composition of the catalyst for the obtained catalysts 10 and 11.
[0044]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Each evaluation of the catalysts 10 and 11 was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0045]
[Comparative Example 3]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1, a catalyst carrier 12 'was prepared by the same procedure as the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1, except that the calcination temperature was 750 ° C.
[0046]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A catalyst 12 (Comparative Example 3) was obtained by the same procedure as the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the obtained catalyst carrier 12 'was used.
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method and the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the catalyst composition.
[0047]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0048]
[Comparative Examples 4 and 5]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In the preparation of the catalyst support of Example 1, SiO dropped into the reaction vessel2As 9.2 wt% sodium silicate solution drops respectively2Catalyst carrier 13 'and catalyst carrier 14' were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 85% by weight and 40% by weight.
[0049]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Catalyst 13 (Comparative Example 4) and Catalyst 14 (Comparative Example 5) were obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the obtained catalyst carriers 13 'and 14' were used.
The pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method and the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the composition of the catalyst for the obtained catalysts 13 and 14 are shown together in Table 1 below.
[0050]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0051]
[Comparative Example 6]
(Preparation of catalyst carrier)
In the preparation of the catalyst support of Comparative Example 1, the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was silica-magnesia hydrate powder 50% by weight in terms of oxide and the Condia alumina hydrate powder was converted to oxide. A catalyst carrier 15 ′ was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst carrier of Example 1, except that 5% by weight was added.
[0052]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A catalyst 15 (Comparative Example 6) was obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 1 except that the obtained catalyst carrier 15 'was used.
Table 1 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the catalyst composition.
[0053]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0054]
[Table 1]
[0055]
[Table 2]
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 above, the catalysts 1 to 9 of Examples 1 to 9 are all within the scope of the present invention in terms of the silica-magnesia composition of the catalyst, the pore characteristics of the catalyst, the specific surface area and the active metal loading. It was confirmed that it exhibited high dearomatic activity and high desulfurization / denitrogenation activity.
[0056]
On the other hand, the catalysts 10 and 11 of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have all the fine pore characteristics of the catalyst, although the silica-magnesia composition of the catalyst, the specific surface area of the catalyst, and the amount of active metal supported are within the scope of the present invention. It was a catalyst having a pore volume of 100 nm or 2000 nm having a small or large pore volume, and showed low values for dearomatization activity and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity.
[0057]
Next, the catalyst 12 of Comparative Example 3 is a catalyst having a small specific surface area of the catalyst, although the silica-magnesia composition of the catalyst, the pore characteristics of the catalyst, and the supported amount of the active metal are within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the desulfurization / denitrogenation activity was low.
Further, in the catalysts 13 and 14 of Comparative Examples 4 and 5, although the pore characteristics and specific surface area of the catalyst and the supported amount of the active metal are within the scope of the present invention, the silica-magnesia composition of the catalyst is outside the scope of the present invention. The catalyst had low values for dearomatization activity and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity.
[0058]
Further, the catalyst 15 of Comparative Example 6 is a catalyst in which alumina is contained in the catalyst, although the pore characteristics and specific surface area of the catalyst and the supported amount of active metal fall within the scope of the present invention.・ Denitrogenation activity was low.
It was also clear that hydrocracking was suppressed because the amount of naphtha fraction in the treated oil was small by using silica-magnesia produced by the silica-magnesia hydrolysis method of the present invention as a raw material.
[0059]
[Example 10]
(Preparation of catalyst)
A silica-magnesia hydrate gel and silica-magnesia hydrate powder were obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
The resulting silica-magnesia hydrate gel 1184 g (SiO 22-180 g as MgO) and 208 g of silica-magnesia hydrate powder (SiO2-180 g as MgO), 19.84 g of a tetraammine platinum nitrate solution containing 5.5 wt% as Pt, and 54.14 g of tetraammine palladium nitrate containing 4.7 wt% as Pd in a kneader equipped with a heating jacket. The plasticized product is then molded with an extrusion molding machine, dried at 110 ° C. for 15 hours, and then calcined at 500 ° C. for 2 hours in an electric furnace to produce a silica-magnesia catalyst 16 having a diameter of 1.2 mm ( Example 10) was obtained.
Table 3 below shows the pore characteristics obtained by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the catalyst composition of the obtained catalyst 16 as in Example 1.
[0060]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.
[0061]
[Examples 11 and 12]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Except that the amount of silica-magnesia hydrate powder added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was changed to 30% by weight and 60% by weight in terms of oxides in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, respectively. Catalyst 17 (Example 11) and Catalyst 18 (Example 12) were prepared by the same procedure as the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10.
The obtained catalysts 17 and 18 are shown together in Table 3 below with respect to the pore characteristics determined by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area determined by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the catalyst composition.
[0062]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0063]
[Examples 13 and 14]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In preparing the catalyst of Example 10, SiO dropped into the reaction vessel.2As 9.2 wt% sodium silicate solution drops respectively2The catalyst 19 (Example 13) and the catalyst 20 (Example 14) were obtained by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10 except that the amount was changed to 75% by weight and 50% by weight.
The obtained catalysts 19 and 20 are shown together in Table 3 below with respect to the pore characteristics determined by the mercury intrusion method, the specific surface area determined by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the catalyst composition.
[0064]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0065]
[Example 15]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, except that the type of the metal salt solution of the active ingredient to which the silica-magnesia hydrate gel and silica-magnesia hydrate powder were added was changed to hexachloroplatinic acid and palladium nitrate. Catalyst 21 (Example 15) was prepared by a procedure similar to the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10.
The obtained catalyst 21 is shown in Table 3 below with respect to pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, specific surface area and catalyst composition obtained by BET adsorption by nitrogen gas adsorption.
[0066]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0067]
[Example 16]
(Preparation of catalyst)
The catalyst of Example 10 was prepared except that the silica-magnesia hydrate powder obtained by spray-drying after adding water to a part of the silica-magnesia hydrate gel to form a slurry was used. Catalyst 22 (Example 16) was prepared by a procedure similar to the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10.
The obtained catalyst 22 is shown in Table 3 below with respect to pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, specific surface area obtained by BET adsorption by nitrogen gas adsorption and catalyst composition.
[0068]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0069]
[Examples 17 and 18]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, the amount of active metal added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel and silica-magnesia hydrate powder was 0.15 wt% as Pt, 0.35 wt% as Pd, and Pt, respectively. Catalyst 23 (Example 17) and Catalyst 24 (Example 18) were prepared by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, except that 0.6% by weight and Pd was changed to 1.40% by weight.
Regarding the obtained catalysts 23 and 24, the pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, the specific surface area and catalyst composition obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption are shown together in Table 3 below.
[0070]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0071]
[Comparative Examples 7 and 8]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Except that the amount of silica-magnesia hydrate powder added to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel was changed to 10% by weight and 80% by weight in terms of oxides in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, respectively. Catalyst 25 (Comparative Example 7) and Catalyst 26 (Comparative Example 8) were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of No. 10 catalyst.
Regarding the obtained catalysts 25 and 26, the pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the catalyst composition are shown together in Table 3 below.
[0072]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0073]
[Comparative Example 9]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Catalyst 27 (Comparative Example 9) was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, except that the calcination temperature was changed to 750 ° C. in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10.
Regarding the obtained catalyst 27, the pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the catalyst composition are shown together in Table 3 below.
[0074]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0075]
[Comparative Examples 10 and 11]
(Preparation of catalyst)
In preparing the catalyst of Example 10, SiO dropped into the reaction vessel.2As 9.2 wt% sodium silicate solution drops respectively2Catalyst 28 (Comparative Example 10) and Catalyst 29 (Comparative Example 11) were prepared by the same procedure as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10, except that the amount was changed to 85% by weight and 40% by weight.
Regarding the obtained catalysts 28 and 29, the pore characteristics obtained by mercury porosimetry, the specific surface area obtained by the BET adsorption method by nitrogen gas adsorption and the catalyst composition are shown together in Table 3 below.
[0076]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0077]
[Comparative Example 12]
(Preparation of catalyst)
Silica-magnesia hydrate powder and Condia alumina hydrate powder were added in an amount of 5% by weight in terms of oxides to the silica-magnesia hydrate gel obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst of Comparative Example 7. Except for this, a catalyst 30 (Comparative Example 12) was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the catalyst of Example 10.
The obtained catalyst 30 is shown in Table 3 below with respect to pore characteristics determined by mercury porosimetry, specific surface area and catalyst composition determined by BET adsorption by nitrogen gas adsorption.
[0078]
(Catalyst performance evaluation)
Further, the performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as the performance evaluation of the catalyst of Example 1, and the results are also shown in Table 4 below.
[0079]
[Table 3]
[0080]
[Table 4]
[0081]
As can be seen from Tables 3 and 4 above, the catalysts 16 to 24 of Examples 10 to 18 all fall within the scope of the present invention with respect to the silica-magnesia composition, the pore characteristics of the catalyst, the specific surface area and the active metal content. It was satisfactory and was found to exhibit high dearomatic activity and high desulfurization / denitrogenation activity.
[0082]
In contrast, the catalysts 25 and 26 of Comparative Examples 7 and 8 have a silica-magnesia composition, a specific surface area of the catalyst, and an active metal content within the scope of the present invention. The catalyst had a small or large pore volume of 100 nm and 2000 nm, and had low values for dearomatization activity and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity.
Next, the catalyst 27 of Comparative Example 9 is a catalyst having a small specific surface area of the catalyst, although the silica-magnesia composition, pore characteristics, and active metal content of the catalyst fall within the scope of the present invention.・ Denitrogenation activity was low.
[0083]
Further, the catalysts 28 and 29 of Comparative Examples 10 and 11 are catalysts whose silica-magnesia composition is out of the range, although the pore characteristics and specific surface area of the catalyst and the supported amount of the active metal are within the range of the present invention. Aromatic activity and desulfurization / denitrogenation activity were low.
[0084]
Further, the catalyst 30 of Comparative Example 12 is a catalyst containing alumina, although the pore characteristics, specific surface area, and active metal content of the catalyst fall within the scope of the present invention. The denitrification activity was low.
[0085]
It is also clear that hydrocracking is suppressed because the amount of naphtha fraction in the treated oil is small by using silica-magnesia produced by the silica-magnesia hydrolysis method of the present invention as a raw material.
[0086]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, by using the hydrotreating catalyst according to the present invention, the dearomatic activity for hydrogenating aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in hydrocarbon oil containing sulfur compounds and the like is high, and the rate of hydrocracking It is possible to perform a hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon oil that is low and has excellent activity for sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000013163A JP3844044B2 (en) | 2000-01-21 | 2000-01-21 | Catalyst for hydrotreating aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oil and process for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000013163A JP3844044B2 (en) | 2000-01-21 | 2000-01-21 | Catalyst for hydrotreating aromatic compounds in hydrocarbon oil and process for producing the same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2001205083A JP2001205083A (en) | 2001-07-31 |
| JP3844044B2 true JP3844044B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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