JP3845773B2 - Waste rubber carbonization method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for carbonizing scrap rubber and an apparatus therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a factory that manufactures rubber products, a large amount of waste rubber is generated. Since the waste rubber is difficult to reuse as it is, it is usually incinerated in an incinerator. However, when scrap rubber is incinerated, there is a problem that black smoke, harmful components and malodorous components are released and the surrounding environment is polluted. Moreover, incineration ash generated by incineration is difficult to reuse, and there is no effective means other than burying in the ground, and the burden is not small.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved is that the conventional method of incineration of scrap rubber emits black smoke, harmful components and malodorous components, pollutes the surrounding environment, and incineration ash generated by incineration is difficult to reuse. Therefore, there is no effective means other than embedding in the ground, and the present invention provides a method and apparatus for carbonizing scrap rubber that solves the above-mentioned problems.
[0004]
[Means for solving problems]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the carbonization method for waste rubber according to the first aspect of the invention comprises dry distillation of waste rubber D by indirect heating to obtain carbide C and dry distillation gas G1, dry distillation gas G1 of dry distillation step 1 A first combustion step 2 for burning at least a part of the gas to generate heat necessary for the dry distillation step 1, and a second combustion for burning unburned components, harmful components and malodorous components in the exhaust gas G2 of the first combustion step 2. The process comprises a combustion process 3 and a steam generation process 4 that generates steam S using the heat held by the exhaust gas G3 of the second combustion process 3. As shown in FIGS. In the first combustion step 2 of the invention , steam ST is added in the process of burning at least a part of the dry distillation gas G1 of the dry distillation step 1, and a water gas reaction is caused between the dry distillation gas G1. Is.
[0005]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the scrap rubber carbonization apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention dry-distills the scrap rubber D by indirect heating while the scrap rubber D is supplied from one end of the rotating cylinder 21 and discharged from the other end. A carbonization furnace 20 configured to obtain the carbide C and the carbonization gas G1 and to transmit heat generated by burning at least a part of the carbonization gas G1 to the scrap rubber D through the wall surface of the rotating cylinder 21; A waste heat recovery boiler that generates steam S using the combustion furnace 30 that burns unburned components, harmful components, and malodorous components of the exhaust gas G2 of the carbonization furnace 20 and the exhaust gas G3 of the combustion furnace 30 As shown in FIG. 3, the dry distillation furnace 20 of the second invention rotates to roll the scrap rubber D and has a plurality of gas discharge holes H for discharging the generated dry distillation gas G1. A rotating cylinder 21; A dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 surrounding the rotary cylinder 21, and heat generated by burning at least part of the dry distillation gas G 1 introduced from the rotary cylinder 21 through the gas discharge hole H. In the carbonizing apparatus configured to transmit to the scrap rubber D through the wall surface of the gas, the carbonizing apparatus is a water gas between the dry distillation gas G1 in the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 of the first invention as shown in FIG. A steam nozzle SN that blows steam ST into the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 is provided so as to cause a reaction .
[0009]
According to the 1st or 2nd invention, the carbide | carbonized_material C which can be effectively utilized for a heat insulating material etc. from the waste rubber D is obtained. The carbide C fixes a significant proportion of sulfur and chlorine and almost all carbon black and ash, and burns and removes black smoke, harmful components, and offensive odor components from the exhaust gas G3. This problem is solved at once. Furthermore, most of the heat source of the dry distillation of the waste rubber D is supplied by the combustion heat of the dry distillation gas G1 generated during the dry distillation, and water vapor that can be used as various heat sources or power sources of the factory is obtained. Effectively used as a heat source.
[0010]
In addition to the above Symbol operational effects, since the carbonization gas G1 generated during dry distillation of waste rubber D is directly combusted without going through the process purification of what such, its heat is utilized to dry distillation of waste rubber D, due to processing purification The heat loss is reduced and the device is greatly simplified.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the 1st combustion process 2 or the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25, since water gas reaction arises between dry distillation gas G1, generation | occurrence | production of black smoke is suppressed and the unburned in the 2nd combustion process 3 or the combustion furnace 30 Equipment and operating conditions for the combustion of components, harmful components, and malodorous components are remarkably eased.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. In the dry distillation step 1, the waste rubber D is indirectly heated by the combustion heat of at least a part of the auxiliary fuel F1 and the dry distillation gas G1, as will be described later. And carbonized to obtain carbide C. In dry distillation, a considerable proportion of ash, sulfur, and chlorine is not accompanied by the dry distillation gas G1, and is fixed to the carbide C.
[0013]
In the first combustion process 2, as described above, at least a part of the dry distillation gas G1 derived from the dry distillation process 1 and the auxiliary fuel F1 are combusted. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, in the process in which at least a part of the dry distillation gas G1 in the dry distillation process 1 is combusted, the steam ST is added so that a water gas reaction occurs with the dry distillation gas G1. As described later, this is extremely preferable.
[0014]
In the second combustion process 3, the remainder of the dry distillation gas G 1 that is introduced without being used in the dry distillation process 2 and unburned components, harmful components, and malodorous components in the exhaust gas G 2 of the first combustion process 2 are combusted. In the steam generation step 4, the heat held by the high-temperature exhaust gas G3 in the second combustion step 3 is recovered, and steam S that can be used as various heat sources or power sources in the factory is generated. In addition, 5 is a dust collection process which collects and removes the dust contained in the waste gas G4 of the water vapor generation process 4.
[0015]
The apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 5. A dry distillation furnace 20 having a rotating cylinder 21 for carbonizing scrap rubber D by indirect heating to obtain carbide C, and an unburned exhaust gas G <b> 2 from the dry distillation furnace 20. The steam S is generated using the combustion furnace 30 that burns the remaining part of the dry distillation gas G1 not directly used in the dry distillation furnace 20 and the exhaust gas G3 of the combustion furnace 30 by using the minute, harmful component, malodorous component, and the remainder of the dry distillation gas G1. In addition to the waste heat recovery boiler 40 that generates slag, the crusher 10 that crushes the waste rubber D to 20 mm or less, the rotary cooler 50 that indirectly cools the carbide C discharged from the dry distillation furnace 20, and the iron content in the carbide C The magnetic separator 60 is removed.
[0016]
Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 and FIG.5, the carbonization furnace 20 rolls the waste rubber D supplied from one end, and puts the waste rubber D into the inlet / outlet of the rotary circle 21 discharged from the other end. A supply chamber 22 to be supplied and a discharge chamber 23 for discharging the carbide C and the dry distillation gas G1 are provided. Further, the rotating cylinder 21 is surrounded by a dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25, and a large number of gas discharge holes H communicating with the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 are formed in the side surface.
[0017]
Although not shown in the drawing, the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 is provided with a port for introducing air necessary for combustion. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the steam nozzle SN into which the steam ST is blown into the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 is provided so as to cause a water gas reaction with the dry distillation gas G1, as described later. This is preferable.
[0018]
Further, in order to prevent the solid content of the rotating cylinder 21 from falling into the combustion chamber 25 from the gas discharge hole H, a straight cylinder is projected from the gas discharge hole H into the rotating cylinder 21 in the figure. It is not limited to this as long as it is configured so that the dry distillation gas G1 can pass therethrough and the solid content does not fall into the combustion chamber 25, such as a cylindrical shape bent in a letter shape.
[0019]
Moreover, the pressure in the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 is kept slightly lower than the pressure in the rotary cylinder 21 so that at least a part of the dry distillation gas G1 generated in the rotary cylinder 21 can flow out. At least a part of the fuel F1 and the dry distillation gas G1 is combusted, and the combustion heat is transmitted to the scrap rubber D through the wall surface of the rotating cylinder 21. In addition, 70 is a dust collector such as a bag filter that collects and removes dust contained in the exhaust gas G4 of the waste heat recovery boiler 40, and 80 is a chimney that releases the exhaust gas G4 into the atmosphere.
[0020]
EXAMPLE An example in which scrap rubber mainly composed of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), oil, and carbon black is carbonized will be described below.
[0021]
Industrial analysis results of waste rubber
%
Volatile content 59.3
Total sulfur 1.17
Chlorine content 0.05
Ash content 9.93
Carbon black 34.3
Total calorific value 8,680Kcal / kg
[0022]
The scrap rubber D crushed and carried by the crusher 10 to 20 mm or less is sent to one end of the rotating cylinder 21 of the dry distillation furnace 20. In the combustion chamber 25 surrounding the side surface of the rotating cylinder 21, at least a part of the auxiliary fuel F1 and the dry distillation gas G1 is burned as will be described later. By the combustion heat, the scrap rubber D that rolls in the rotating cylinder 21 is indirectly heated, dry-distilled, and becomes carbide C, which is discharged from the other end.
[0023]
The industrial analysis results of carbide C are as follows.
%
Yield 45
Fixed carbon 67.34
Volatile content 10.66
Ash 22.0
P 0.005
S 1.89
C1 0.21
[0024]
The pressure in the rotary cylinder 21 is pierced on the side surface so that the combustion gas G2 in the combustion chamber 25 does not enter the rotary cylinder 21 from the plurality of gas discharge holes H, and at least a part of the dry distillation gas G1 is in the combustion chamber 25. The pressure is controlled to be slightly higher than the pressure in the combustion chamber 25 so as to be combustible. When scrap rubber D is subjected to low temperature dry distillation at, for example, 600 to 700 ° C., the necessary heat amount is less than the combustion heat of the total amount of dry distillation gas G1, so that dry distillation gas G1 is combusted according to the following three methods.
[0025]
One of them is that a part of the dry distillation gas G1 is led to the combustion chamber 25 and burns, but the rest is directly led to the combustion furnace 30 and used as fuel for generating steam, which will be described later. This is a preferable method because the thermal efficiency is high when there is no risk of trouble of flue blockage due to the accompanying tar. In this case, when steam ST is further blown into the combustion chamber 25, a water gas reaction occurs with the dry distillation gas G <b> 1, so that the generation of black smoke is suppressed and the downstream second combustion step 3 or the combustion furnace 30 Equipment and operating conditions for burning unburned components, harmful components, and offensive odor components are significantly reduced.
[0026]
The second method is employed when there is a possibility of occurrence of tar trouble, and the entire amount of dry distillation gas G1 is introduced into the combustion chamber 25 and burned. At that time, a large excess of air is supplied so that the temperature of the combustion gas does not become excessively high. Accordingly, the combustion gas containing a large amount of heat is sent to the combustion furnace 30 although the level is low because it contains a large excess of air. In general, the auxiliary fuel F1 is used only for starting or for preventing misfire.
[0026]
Third, steam ST is blown from the steam nozzle SN into the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25 so that the entire amount of the dry distillation gas G1 is introduced into the combustion chamber 25 and a water gas reaction occurs with the dry distillation gas G1. It is. Thereby, since the generation of black smoke is suppressed, the apparatus and operating conditions for burning unburned components, harmful components, and malodorous components in the second combustion step 3 or the combustion furnace 30 are remarkably eased.
[0027]
When a part of the dry distillation gas G1 is introduced into the combustion chamber 25, the remaining dry distillation gas G1 and the auxiliary fuel F2 directly introduced from the dry distillation furnace 20 are combusted in the combustion furnace 30, and the dry heat of the dry distillation gas G1 is obtained by the combustion heat. The exhaust gas G2 is heated and maintained at a high temperature, and all unburned components, harmful components, malodorous components, etc. contained in the exhaust gas G2 are combusted and rendered harmless and non-brominated.
[0028]
When the total amount of the dry distillation gas G1 is led to the combustion chamber 25, in the combustion furnace 30, as described above, the unburned fuel and the auxiliary fuel F2 contained in the exhaust gas G2 of the combustion chamber 25 are combusted, and by the combustion heat, The exhaust gas G2 in the combustion chamber 25 is heated and maintained at a high temperature, and all unburned components, harmful components, malodorous components, etc. are burned and rendered harmless and non-brominated.
[0029]
In the waste heat recovery boiler 40, the exhaust gas G3 of the combustion furnace 30 is guided, and the steam S used in the factory is recovered by the heat held therein. In addition, the exhaust gas G4 of the waste heat recovery boiler 40 is discharged from the chimney 80 into the atmosphere after dust contained in the exhaust gas G4 is collected and removed by the dust collector 70.
[0030]
As the waste rubber D is dry-distilled as described above, first, the carbide C that can be effectively used for the heat insulating material and the like is obtained. Furthermore, as described above, a considerable proportion of sulfur and chlorine and almost all carbon black and ash are fixed to the carbide, and black smoke, harmful components and malodorous components are burned and removed from the exhaust gas. The problem of contamination is solved all at once. In addition, most of the heat source for the carbonization of the scrap rubber D is supplied by the combustion heat of the dry distillation gas G1 generated during the carbonization, and the steam rubber that can be used as various heat sources or power sources in the factory is obtained. Is effectively used as a heat source.
[0031]
In addition, the dry distillation gas G1 generated during the dry distillation of the waste rubber D is burned as it is without undergoing any treatment purification, and the heat is used for the dry distillation of the waste rubber D, so that heat loss associated with the treatment purification is reduced. At the same time, the device is significantly simplified.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exists the following effect. That is, according to the first and second inventions, (a) the carbide C that can be effectively used for the heat insulating material, the refractory material and the like from the scrap rubber D is obtained.
(B) The carbon C fixes a considerable proportion of sulfur and chlorine in the scrap rubber D and almost all of the carbon black and ash, and burns and removes black smoke, harmful components and malodorous components from the exhaust gas. Therefore, the problem of environmental pollution due to ash and exhaust gas is solved at once.
(C) Accordingly, the amount of ash deposited on the heat transfer surface of the waste heat recovery boiler 40 is reduced, high heat transfer is maintained for a long period of time, and black smoke, harmful components and malodorous components contained in the exhaust gas G3 are removed. Corrosion of the downstream apparatus due to hydrochloric acid or the like generated from chloride such as alkali in the low temperature range is prevented.
[0032]
(D) Most of the heat source of dry distillation of the waste rubber D is supplied by the combustion heat of the dry distillation gas G1 generated during the dry distillation, and steam that can be used as various heat sources or power sources of the factory is obtained. D is effectively used as a heat source.
(E) Further, according to the third invention, in addition to the above-described effects, the dry distillation gas G1 generated during the dry distillation of the waste rubber D is burned as it is without undergoing any treatment purification, and the heat thereof is the dry distillation of the waste rubber D. Therefore, the heat loss accompanying the process purification is reduced and the apparatus is remarkably simplified.
(F) Moreover, according to the fourth or fifth invention, in addition to the above effects, the generation of black smoke is suppressed in the first combustion step 2 or the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 25, and the second combustion step 3 or the combustion furnace. The apparatus and operating conditions for burning unburned components, harmful components, and malodorous components at 30 are remarkably eased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a device configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a carbonization furnace.
FIG. 4 is a process configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another dry distillation furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization process 2 1st combustion process 3 2nd combustion process 4 Water vapor generation process 5 Dust collection process 10 Crusher 20 Dry distillation furnace 21 Rotating cylinder 22 Supply chamber 23 Discharge chamber 25 Dry distillation gas combustion chamber 30 Combustion furnace 40 Waste heat recovery boiler 50 Rotary cooler 60 Magnetic separator 70 Dust collector 80 Chimney C Carbide D Waste rubber F1 Auxiliary fuel F2 Auxiliary fuel G1 Dry distillation gas G2 Exhaust gas G3 Exhaust gas G4 Exhaust gas H Gas exhaust hole S Steam SN Steam nozzle ST Steam

Claims (2)

The waste rubber (D) is carbonized by indirect heating to obtain a carbide (C) and a carbonized gas (G1), the carbonization process (1), combusting at least a part of the carbonization gas (G1) of the carbonization process (1), A first combustion step (2) for generating heat necessary for the carbonization step (1), and a second combustion for burning unburned components, harmful components and malodorous components in the exhaust gas (G2) of the first combustion step (2). It is composed of a steam generation step (4) that generates steam (S) using the heat held in the exhaust gas (G3) of the step (3) and the second combustion step (3), and the first combustion In the step (2), steam (ST) is added in the process of burning at least a part of the dry distillation gas (G1) in the dry distillation step (1) to cause a water gas reaction with the dry distillation gas (G1). A method for carbonizing waste rubber, characterized in that: While the waste rubber (D) is supplied from one end of the rotating cylinder (21) and discharged from the other end, the waste rubber (D) is dry-distilled by indirect heating to obtain carbide (C) and dry-distilled gas (G1). A dry distillation furnace (20) configured to transmit heat generated by burning at least a part of the dry distillation gas (G1) to the scrap rubber (D) through the wall surface of the rotating cylinder (21), and the dry distillation furnace (20) Combustion furnace (30) for burning unburned components, harmful components, and offensive odor components of exhaust gas (G2) of (20), and using heat stored in the exhaust gas (G3) of the combustion furnace (30), steam ( A waste heat recovery boiler (40) that generates S), and the carbonization furnace (20) rotates to roll the scrap rubber (D) and discharges the generated carbonization gas (G1). Rotating cylinder (21) with a gas exhaust hole (H) A dry distillation gas combustion chamber (25) surrounding the rotary cylinder (21), and burning the dry distillation gas (G1) introduced from the rotary cylinder (21) through the gas discharge hole (H). In the carbonization apparatus configured to transmit the generated heat to the scrap rubber (D) through the wall surface of the rotating cylinder (21), water gas is provided between the dry distillation gas combustion chamber (25) and the dry distillation gas (G1). A scrap rubber carbonization device provided with a steam nozzle (SN) for blowing steam (ST) into a dry distillation gas combustion chamber (25) so as to cause a reaction .

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