JP3847232B2 - Root cutting device of root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a root cutting device equipped in a root vegetable harvesting machine that harvests root vegetable crops having roots on the bottom surface of a root vegetable portion such as large persimmon, onion, lily root or carrot.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This kind of root vegetable crop vegetated on the field is pulled out from the ground by pinching its leaf stem part with a holding and conveying device consisting of a pair of left and right belts whose opposite faces rotate backward in a rear inclined plane. While the extracted root vegetable part is hung and transported upward, the root roots that are grown on the bottom surface of the root vegetable part are cut by a root cutting device consisting of two disc cutters provided in the middle of the transport. In addition, a root crop harvesting machine that cuts and harvests a leaf stem portion with a leaf stem portion cutting device is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-69833).
[0003]
In this case, if the roots are left long, the subsequent treatment becomes difficult, and the air permeability is poor and drying after harvesting is inhibited. Therefore, cutting with a short length is required (so-called zero cut). . For this reason, it is necessary to operate the cutter as close to the root vegetable portion as possible, and for this, it is necessary to strictly manage the relative height between the cutter and the root vegetable portion acting on the cutter. Therefore, while being transported by the sandwiching and transporting apparatus, the upper surface (shoulder) of the root vegetable part is pressed with a roller or the like, thereby making the height constant.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the size of the root vegetable part varies, the above-mentioned shoulder standard does not make the interval between the bottom surface of the cutter and the root vegetable part constant, making it impossible to always perform zero cutting stably. Therefore, the present applicant has proposed a bottom reference method in which the root cutting device is urged upward to be movable up and down, and the predetermined member is applied to the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion to position the cutter height. (Japanese Patent Application 2001-175326).
[0005]
The present invention is a further improvement of this and adopts a bottom reference for root cutting, but at this time, the root vegetable part is prevented from rubbing against the fixing member to prevent the root vegetable part from scratching the bottom, In addition, the cutting performance is improved by allowing the root vegetable part to be satisfactorily fed into the cutter.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Under the above-described problems, the present invention holds the leaf root part of the root vegetable crop vegetated in the field with the holding and conveying apparatus obliquely arranged at the front, lower and rear heights, and pulls out the root vegetable part. In the root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts the root growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable part leaving a predetermined cut root length by a root cutting device that is urged upward and is movable up and down in the process of rearward transportation. The cutting device is composed of two disk cutters that are placed in contact with the bottom of the root vegetable part with the cutting root length in contact and crossed and rotated horizontally on both sides of the transport path, and in front of each disk cutter. Further, the present invention provides a root cutting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine, characterized in that it is provided with a guide disk that rotates horizontally and contacts the bottom surfaces of both sides of the root of the root vegetable portion and feeds the root vegetable portion into a disc cutter.
[0007]
By the above means, that is, in front of the disc cutter, a guide disc that rotates horizontally and contacts the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion and feeds the root vegetable portion to the disc cutter is provided. By acting on the bottom surface of the root vegetable part, the root vegetable part is not slid with respect to the fixing member and is not damaged. Accordingly, there is no transfer delay due to the frictional resistance of sliding, so that the root posture is upright and the cutting performance is improved.
[0008]
In this case, a scratch-proof cover for preventing the root vegetables from being damaged is attached to the upper surfaces of the disc cutter and the guide disk according to claim 2, and these scratch-proof covers are in contact with the bottom of the root vegetables. If the cutting root length is ensured, the transfer from the induction disk of the root vegetable part to the disk cutter is ensured, and no damage occurs at the time of contact. Further, the cutting root length can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the thickness of the scratch-proof cover. Furthermore, on the outer periphery of the guide disk according to claim 3, when protrusions that enter into the rotation trajectory of the other party are formed, the roots extending between the guide disks are also fed into the disc cutter, A reliable cutting can be expected.
[0009]
Furthermore, a second nipping and conveying device is provided above the guide disk and the disc cutter according to claim 4 for transferring the leaf stem part from the nipping and conveying device and conveying it in the rear horizontal direction. If a root sandwiching and transporting device that sandwiches and transports is provided, the root crops are vertically and vertically stretched by the leaf sandwiching and transporting by the second sandwiching and transporting device and the root sandwiching and transporting by the root sandwiching and transporting device. Since it is conveyed in a state of being cut, the cutting ability of the root is improved.
[0010]
In addition, if guide rollers capable of substantially vertical rotation contacting the bottom surface of the root vegetable part to be transported are provided on both sides of the transport path in front of the guide disk according to claim 5, The height is set, and the subsequent height setting is facilitated. At this time, if a plurality of guide rollers described in claim 6 are provided with the positions being increased toward the rear, this is more surely achieved. Become. Furthermore, if the mud dropping device for dropping mud attached to the root is provided in front of the guide roller, the mud attached to the root is dropped when acting on the guide roller. Therefore, the action of the guide roller is further ensured.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a side view of a root vegetable harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention. This root vegetable harvesting machine (hereinafter referred to as a harvesting machine) has a crawler type traveling device 1 and a self-propelled vehicle body having a self-propelling function. (Airframe) 2 is configured. As described above, the root crops 3 such as large persimmons are planted on the persimmon, but this harvesting machine first pulls out the root crops 3a by sandwiching the leaf stems 3a of the root crops 3 and suspends them. While being kept in the lowered posture, while being transported rearward and upward, the root 3c and the leaf stem portion 3a growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b are cut, and the remaining root vegetable portion 3b is harvested. It is performed while traveling in the direction along the heel.
[0012]
For this purpose, the leaf stem portion 3a harvested by the leaf splitting device 5 that rotates the tine 4 backward in the rear inclined vertical plane is divided into the leaf stem portion 3a that is not harvested, and the tine rotated backward in the rear inclined plane. Only the leaf stem portion 3a to be harvested by the scraping device 7 consisting of 6 is scraped backward. The leaf stem portion 3a scraped by the scraping device 7 is composed of a pair of belts 8 that rotate backward together while sandwiching the leaf stem portion 3a by a facing surface in a rear inclined plane provided behind the stem portion 3a. The root vegetable portion 3b is pulled out from the ground by being sandwiched by the sandwiching and conveying device 9. At this time, a vibration device 11 that loosens the soil around the root vegetable portion 3b by inserting the subsoiler 10 into the soil is provided at the lower end of the starting end of the sandwiching and transporting device 9, and thus the sandwiching force of the belt 8 is reduced so much. Pulling out is possible without strengthening.
[0013]
The extracted root vegetable part 3b is conveyed together with the leaf stem part 3a rearward and upward by the sandwiching and conveying device 9, but the root vegetable crop 3 at this time is suspended almost vertically by the sandwiching and conveying device 9 It is a posture. In addition, the clamping position of the leaf stem part 3a depends on the starting end height of the clamping conveyance device 9, and this height needs to be appropriately changed. Therefore, the holding and conveying device 9 and a shoulder aligning device, a root cutting device, a leaf stem cutting device, etc., which will be described later, are configured in one rear set 12, and this rear set 12 is connected to the fulcrum shaft 13 provided in the body 2. It is adjusted by turning it up and down.
[0014]
The set height of the rear set 12, that is, the starting end height of the nipping / conveying device 9 is performed by adjusting the height of the gauge wheel 14 that is provided at the front portion of the machine body 2 and runs on the bottom of the machine. In the middle of the holding and conveying device 9, a shoulder aligning device 17 having two rollers 15 and 16 that are rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 8 is provided, and the rollers 15 and 16 of the root vegetable portion 3b being conveyed are provided. Hold the shoulder and push it down to a certain height. In this example, a front shoulder aligning device 19 having a plurality of rotatable rollers 18 is also provided in front of the shoulder aligning device 17, and the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b before reaching the shoulder aligning device 17 is provided. Hold it to make it a predetermined height. In addition, a pair of left and right guide bars 20 for guiding the leaf stem portion 3a and the root vegetable portion 3b to the rollers 18 are also provided in front of the front shoulder aligning device 19.
[0015]
Below the shoulder aligning device 17 is provided a mud dropping device 22 having a pair of left and right rotating bodies 21 that are installed substantially parallel to the belt 8 of the holding and conveying device 9 and rotate. Acts on 3b and root 3c to remove mud. Further, in this example, a forward mud dropping device 24 having a rotating body 23 rotated clockwise in FIG. 4 is also provided in front of the mud dropping device 22 and below the shoulder aligning device 17. The mud adhering to the bottom surface and the root 3c of the root vegetable portion 3b before reaching the root is removed in advance.
[0016]
In addition to this, the rear set 12 of this example includes a root cutting device 25 for cutting the root 3c, and a second sandwiching and transporting device that takes over the sandwiching and transporting of the leaf stem portion 3a from the sandwiching and transporting device 9 and guides it to the root cutting device 25. 26, a leaf stem portion cutting device 27 for cutting the leaf stem portion 3a, a leaf discharging device 28 for discharging the leaf stem portion 3a after cutting, and the like are provided. Among these, the root cutting device 25 is mainly composed of two disk cutters 29 that intersect and rotate in a substantially horizontal plane, and cuts the root 3c from which mud has been dropped by the mud dropping device 22. The present invention relates to the root cutting device 25, and details thereof will be described later.
[0017]
The second nipping and conveying device 26 is mainly composed of two belts 30 that exist in front and above the root cutting device 25 and whose opposite surfaces rotate backward in a substantially horizontal plane. Then, it is moved up and down and is guided to the disk cutter 29 of the root cutting device 25. At this time, the belt 30 of the second holding and conveying device 26 holds the leaf stem portion 3a immediately above the root vegetable portion 3b from which the root 3c is cut, and ensures this cutting.
[0018]
The leaf stem cutting device 27 is mainly composed of two cutters 31 that are located behind the root cutting device 25 and rotate in a substantially horizontal plane. The root cutting device 25 cuts the root 3c. The root stem portion 3b is cut to a predetermined length. The leaf discharging device 28 is provided above the leaf stem portion cutting device 27 and mainly includes a belt 32 whose opposite surfaces both rotate backward in a substantially horizontal plane, and sandwiches a relatively upper portion of the leaf stem portion 3a. Then, it is transferred from the leaf stem cutting device 27 to the rear thereof. In addition, the cut leaf stem part 3a is discharged to the field.
[0019]
In this way, the root vegetable crop 3 vegetated in the field is shaped so that the root 3c and the leaf stem portion 3a are each cut to a predetermined length in the process of being harvested, and the root vegetable portion 3b is the main component, and The mud adhering to the root vegetable portion 3b and the root 3c is also harvested in a state where it has been dropped. Then, the root vegetables 3b shaped as described above are dropped and accommodated in a container 33 mounted on the rear part of the machine body 2. The root vegetable part 3c harvested as described above is dried until a predetermined moisture content is obtained, and the root 3c and leaf stem part 3a are prepared and shipped again.
[0020]
By the way, if it supplements about the above-mentioned shoulder aligning device 17 and the mud dropping device 22, FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of these, FIG. 5 is a top view, FIG. 6 is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 4, in which the shoulder aligner 17 is held by mounting arms 35 and 36 that are rotatably fitted to a mounting shaft 34 that is fixed to the body 2 and extend forward and backward. It consists of two rollers 15 and 16. In this case, the rollers 15 and 16 are forcibly rotated. In this example, the rollers 15 and 16 are driven by being pressed against the lower surface of the belt 8 of the nipping / conveying device 9 on the opposite surface side. 38, the rollers 15, 16 are extended to the other side.
[0021]
According to this configuration, since the opposite surfaces of the belt 8 are both directed rearward, the opposite surfaces are directed forward, and the driving rollers 37 and 38 and the rollers 15 and 16 pressed against the lower surface are illustrated in FIG. Will rotate counterclockwise. Therefore, the lower outer peripheral surface serving as a pressing surface (action surface) for the root vegetable portion 3b functions to complement the conveyance by pushing the root vegetable portion 3b backward. The peripheral speed of the rollers 15 and 16 at this time is set to be substantially equal to the moving speed of the belt 8 of the nipping / conveying device 9, and the suspension posture is not changed even when the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b is pressed. Yes.
[0022]
The above set is provided in a pair of left and right, and the rollers 15 and 16 are symmetrically arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval with the conveyance path 39 in between. In this case, the two drive rollers 37 and 38 have different diameters at the front and rear (the rear roller 38 is larger, however, the rollers 15 and 16 are the same and are shared). The distance of the lower outer peripheral surface of the belt 16 from the belt 8 is such that the rear roller 16 is longer than the front roller 15.
[0023]
Accordingly, the leaf stem portion 3a sandwiched between the belts 8 and moved backward is first moved along with the movement of the front roller 15 against both shoulders of the root vegetable portion 3b to push it down by a predetermined amount. Next, the outer periphery of the rear roller 16 hits both shoulders of the root vegetable portion 3b, and this is further pushed down by a predetermined amount. Thus, by pushing down the root vegetable part 3b by a predetermined amount (so that this can be done for all root vegetable parts 3b of different sizes and underground depths, the clamping position by the belt 8 and the length to the root vegetable part 3b are (It is set shorter than the length), and the height is aligned. In this case, since it is pushed down twice, the amount of push-down per one time is small, the acting force is small, and the push-down is ensured. , Height alignment will be accurate.
[0024]
In order to be able to do this, the leaf stem portion 3a must slide down from the belt 8 of the sandwiching and conveying device 9, but the belt 8 is made of an elastic material and elastically sandwiches the leaf stem portion 3a with an appropriate sandwiching force. Enable this sliding down. Furthermore, since each roller 15 and 16 also removes the mud attached to the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3b when performing the above-described action, it also serves as mud dropping. In particular, since the root vegetable part 3b such as Otsuchi is completely buried in the ground, if this is forcibly pulled out, a large amount of mud adheres to the shoulder. Therefore, it is very important to remove this mud in order to cut the root 3c and the leaf stem portion 3a thereafter. And the rollers 15 and 16 at this time are comprised with the soft member of rubber | gum or resin so that the outer periphery may contact both shoulders of the root vegetable part 3b, and this may not be damaged.
[0025]
As described above, the root vegetable portion 3b coming out from the rear roller 16 is in a state in which the suspended length from the belt 8 is constant, that is, the height is aligned, and is sent to the subsequent root cutting device 25 and the like. The set height is set by the diameters of the rollers 15 and 16 and their mounting positions, but the size and the like of the root vegetable portion 3b differ depending on the product type, time, region, etc. This is dealt with by adjusting the mounting position of the 34 itself relative to the airframe 2 vertically and horizontally.
[0026]
Further, supplementing the mud dropping device 22, the mud dropping device 22 has a pair of left and right first rotating shafts 40 disposed in parallel with the belt 8 across the conveyance path 39 at a position below the belt 8 of the nipping and conveying device 9. The first rotating body 21 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 40. The first rotating body 21 of this example is based on a brush in which nylon bristles or the like are implanted on the outer periphery of the drum. However, as long as the first rotating body 21 has a cylindrical shape that can be elastically deformed, for example, a star wheel or a polygonal roller is used. It may be like. In this case, the first rotating shaft 40 is connected to the front and rear two by the intermediate shaft 41 (this is received by the bearing 42 and fixed to the machine body 2 as a holding mechanism of the first rotating shaft 40). In the following, a rotating brush 21 is provided in a considerably long range to sufficiently remove mud.
[0027]
In addition, a front first rotating shaft 43 is connected in front of the first rotating shaft 40, and a front first rotating body 44 is attached to the front first rotating shaft 43. The front first rotating body 44 in this example shows a configuration in which a plurality of star-foiled star wheels (three in this example) are mounted on the protrusion 44a and the recessed portion 44b. The first rotating shaft 43 and the first rotating shaft 40 are connected by a universal joint 45 so that the angle of the first rotating shaft 40 can be changed with respect to the front first rotating shaft 43.
[0028]
Both the first front rotating body (hereinafter referred to as the first star wheel) 44 and the rotating brush 21 rotate vertically within the transport surface and act on the root 3c of the root vegetable portion 3b. In this case, the first star wheel No. 44 is set so that the outer periphery of the root vegetable portion 3b is slightly affected by the outer periphery, and the rotary brush 21 is expanded so that the range of taking in the root vegetable portion 3b is expanded toward the rear by the universal joint 45 (rear side). Set up). That is, the overlapping range of the rotating brush 21 is increased toward the rear with respect to the movement locus 46 of the root vegetable part 3b in a side view. This is for gradually removing mud in a wide range, and this overlapping range can be adjusted by changing the angle of the first rotating shaft 40.
[0029]
Further, the first star wheel 44 is arranged with a diameter, a distance between cores, and a phase in which one protrusion 44a passes through the conveyance path 39 and enters the other recess 44b. The whole root 3c is hit. Further, the rotary brush 21 is set to have a diameter and a center-to-core distance that enter each other within the rotation radius of the other party, and the root 3c is sandwiched and crushed by both of them. In addition, the rotation direction of both is set so that the root 3c is greatly lowered from the top, and in particular, the root 3c crushed by the rotating brush 21 is narrowed down, and the subsequent cutting is performed. The shape is arranged so that it is convenient. From these things, the 1st star foil 44 and the rotating brush 21 are comprised with the material which does not damage the root vegetables part 3b, such as soft resin and rubber | gum.
[0030]
In order to make the first star wheel 44 and the rotating brush 21 act as described above, both of them need to be forcibly rotated. However, the drive configuration in this example is not changed even if the height of the rear set 12 is changed. The power of the fulcrum shaft 13 which is invariable is guided to an intermediate drive shaft 48 provided at a right angle to the airframe 2 in front of the front first rotating shaft 43 by a pulley / belt mechanism 47. The power transmitted to the intermediate drive shaft 48 is transmitted to the front first rotary shaft 43 by a bevel gear mechanism 49 provided between the intermediate drive shaft 48 and the front first rotary shaft 43.
[0031]
Further, a second rotary shaft 50 is provided on the front extension of the front first rotary shaft 43, and the power of the intermediate drive shaft 48 is applied to the second rotary shaft 50 by another bell gear mechanism 51 provided opposite to the bevel gear mechanism 49 described above. I tell you. Then, the second rotating body 52 is installed on the second rotating shaft 50, and the second rotating body 52 acts on the root 3 c before acting on the first star wheel 44. In this case, the second rotating body 52 is rotated in the reverse direction to the first star wheel 44 by the bevel gear mechanism 49, and acts on the root 3c from the bottom to the top. When the second rotating body 52 is installed, the above-described forward mud dropping device 24 may get in the way, but in such a case, remove it, change the mounting position, or have a size that does not get in the way. Do it.
[0032]
The second rotating body 52 is also set so that its outer periphery acts on the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b, and hits the root 3c. In this example, the second rotating body 52 is composed of a plurality of (three in this example) star wheels having the same shape as the first star wheel 44 described above. This is because the root 3c can be hit with certainty. At this time, the phase of each star wheel can be changed, and this causes the root 3c to move differently, further promoting mud dropping (also in the case of the first star wheel 44 described above). the same). In addition, the second rotating body 52 may be a brush or roller that can be elastically deformed.
[0033]
Moreover, it is suitable that the position where the second rotating body 52 is attached is set below the shoulder aligning device 17 described above. If it carries out like this, since the effect | action of the shoulder alignment apparatus 17 and the effect | action of the 2nd rotary body 52 will be received simultaneously, when the root vegetable part 3b is controlled from escaping upwards by the shoulder alignment apparatus 17, a 2nd rotary body. 52 hits the root 3c, and prevents the root vegetable part 3b from lifting up and not fully hitting the root 3c. In particular, since the second rotating body 52 strikes the root 3c from the bottom to the top, this effect is important.
[0034]
As described above, the root 3c of the root vegetable part 3b to be conveyed is first hit from the bottom to the top by the second rotating body 52, but at the same time, it is diffused and loosened depending on the rotation direction, and adheres to the root 3c. Not only the mud that is being stored, but also the mud that is held between the roots 3c will be dropped. At this time, the protrusion 52a of the second rotating body 52 is set to have a diameter, a distance between the cores, and a phase so as to enter the mating recess 52b, so that the root 3c is completely transverse each time the protrusion 52a hits. Shake or divide the inside and the mud drop is complete. Next, it is the same as described above that the mud is dropped by the action of the first star wheel 44 and the rotating brush 21. However, since the mud is carried out in two steps and three steps, the effect is high. .
[0035]
Next, the root cutting device 25 according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of the root cutting device 25, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along CC in FIG. The device 25 is provided behind the mud dropping device 22, and is mainly composed of two disk cutters 29 which are provided on the left and right objects with the conveyance path 46 interposed therebetween and are rotated to cross each other in a horizontal plane. However, in the present invention, two guide discs 55 that are also rotated in a horizontal plane are provided in front of each disc cutter 29, and the disc cutter 29 and the guide disc 55 are connected to the main body (transmission box). ) 56. At this time, the disc cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 are arranged so as to be partially overlapped (the guide disk 55 is made higher to avoid interference), and the root vegetables 3b to be described later are surely transferred. Make things. In addition, on the outer periphery of the guide disk 55 of the present example, a protrusion 55a is formed which enters into the rotation locus of the other party.
[0036]
In addition, flaw-proof covers 57 and 58 made of resin or rubber that do not damage the root vegetable portion 3b even when hitting the root vegetable portion 3b are attached to the upper surfaces of the disk cutter 29 and the guide disk 55 in this example. In this case, the scratch-proof cover 57 of the disk cutter 29 is set to a size such that the opposing surface is slightly separated, and the scratch-proof cover 58 of the guide disk 55 is set to a size such that the opposing surface is substantially in contact. Has been. Furthermore, both the covers 57 and 58 are formed in a trapezoidal shape in a side view gradually increasing toward the center, and the tops thereof are set to substantially the same height. This is to prevent the height of the root vegetable portion 3b from changing before and after the transfer.
[0037]
An input pulley (sprocket) 59 is attached to the main body 56, and power is transmitted to the input pulley 59 from a PTO shaft 60 provided in the machine body 2 by a chain / sprocket mechanism 61. . The motive power transmitted to the input pulley 60 is transmitted to the cutter shaft 53, whose rotational direction is changed by the spur gear mechanism 62 and whose direction is changed by the bevel gear mechanism 63. The disc cutter 29 and the scratch-proof cover 57 are overlapped and fitted to the cutter shaft 53, and are fastened and fixed by a nut 53a. The nut 53a is embedded in the scratch-proof cover 57 as much as possible using a cap nut. This is because even if the root vegetable portion 3b hits, it will not be damaged.
[0038]
Below the disc cutter 29 and the guide disk 55, a belt belt mechanism 64 is provided, and the power transmitted to the cutter shaft 53 is also transmitted to the guide disk 55 by the pulley / belt mechanism 64. The disc cutter 29 and the guide disc 55 at this time are rotated in a direction in which the root vegetables 3b are pushed backward. A scratch-proof cover 58 is attached to the upper surface of the guide disk 55. Although this attachment is performed with a screw 55b, even if the screw 55b is embedded in the soft cover 58 and hits the root vegetable portion 3b, the scratch-proof cover 58 is attached. I try not to stick it. The opposed surfaces of the belt 64a constituting the belt-belt mechanism 64 are brought close to each other until they come into contact with each other, and the root 3c is sandwiched and transported between them. Thus, the root sandwiching and transporting device 65 is configured.
[0039]
By the way, the main body 56 is attached to the tip of an arm 67 that can be turned up and down around a fulcrum 66 provided near the rear of the PTO shaft 60. The main body 56 is attached by a spring 68. Always biased upward. Furthermore, a guide roller 69 that is rotatable in an inclined surface having a front-view C shape on both sides of the conveyance path 46 is attached to the front end side of the main body 56 and in front of the guide disk 55. The guide roller 69 of this example is attached in two stages in the up and down direction, and is set so that the rear one is higher rear than the front one. These guide rollers 69 are attached to a mounting plate 70 extending forward from the main body 56 so that the position thereof can be adjusted. Incidentally, the rotating brush 21 of the mud dropping device 22 is packed at the rear portion so as not to interfere with the guide roller 69.
[0040]
Above the root cutting device 25, a second nipping and conveying device 26 is provided. The second holding and conveying device 26 includes a driving pulley 72 fixed to a transmission cylinder 71 suspended from the machine body 2 and a driven pulley 74 suspended by a stay 73 extending forward from the transmission cylinder 71, the opposing surfaces of which are both in a horizontal plane. In this case, the belt 30 is stretched so as to be rotated backward, but the belt 30 at this time is stretched horizontally, and the opposed surfaces are provided very close to each other. As a result, the oblique upper conveyance of the leaf stem portion 3a by the nipping and conveying apparatus 9 is taken over by the second nipping and conveying apparatus 26 and conveyed horizontally.
[0041]
Thus, while the root vegetable crop 3 is conveyed rearward and upward by the sandwiching and conveying device 9, the shoulder height of the root vegetable portion 3b is adjusted by the shoulder aligning device 17, and the root vegetable portion 3b and the root 3c are adjusted by the mud dropping device 22. Mud is removed and conveyed, but when approaching the root cutting device 25, first, the nipping and conveying of the leaf stem portion 3a is taken over by the second nipping and conveying device 26 in the horizontal direction. In this case, the holding force of the belt 8 of the holding and conveying device 9 is set slightly stronger than the holding force of the belt 30 of the second holding and conveying device 26, and when both are held together, the leaf stem portion 3a is The height of the second sandwiching and conveying device 26 is made constant by being pulled out from the belt 30 until the shoulder of the root vegetable portion 3 b hits the lower end of the belt 30.
[0042]
In this state, nipping by the nipping / conveying device 9 is released, and thereafter, only the second nipping / conveying device 26 is horizontally conveyed rearward. When the root vegetable part 3b comes above the guide roller 69, the guide roller 69 hits the bottom surface of the root vegetable part 3b because the guide roller 69 is attached to the main body part 56 provided so as to be vertically movable while being biased upward. The guide roller 69 rotates to ensure the feeding, but at the same time, the upward movement of the main body portion 56, that is, the root cutting device 25 is restricted and its height is determined. Thereafter, the root cutting device 25 changes at a height at which the guide disk 55 and the disk cutter 29 follow the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b.
[0043]
Next, since the root vegetable part 3b is applied to the guide disk 55, the scratch-proof cover 58 hits the bottom surface of the root vegetable part 3b, and the root vegetable part 3b is sent in the direction of the disk cutter 29 by the rotation. At the same time, the root 3c is clamped by the belt 64 of the root clamping conveyance device 65 and sent to the disk cutter 29 side. At the same time, the projection 55a of the guide disk 55 is also sent to the disk cutter 29 side. When the root vegetable portion 3b passes the guide disk 55, it is transferred onto the disc cutter 29 and cut. At the time of cutting, the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion 3b is slightly lifted by the scratch-proof cover 57, and can be cut with a desired cutting root length including zero cut. The length of the cut root length can be adjusted by changing the height (shape) of the scratch-proof cover 5.
[0044]
In the cutting of the roots 3c described above, the roots 3c are sandwiched and transported by the root sandwiching and transporting device 65, so that they are tensioned with the scratch-proof cover 57 and are surely cut by the disk cutter 29. Incidentally, at this time, if the transport speed of the root clamping transport device 65 is slightly (5 to 20%) faster than the transport speed of the second sandwich transport device 26, the transport of the root 3c is slightly ahead. Therefore, the biting of the disk cutter 29 is improved, the cutting performance is improved, and the cut surface is nearly flat and beautiful.
[0045]
The root vegetable crop 3 having the root 3c cut as described above is also cut into the leaf stem portion 3a by the leaf stem portion cutting device 27. At this time, the cutting length of the leaf stem portion 3a is the subsequent drying treatment or the like. Is set to a suitable length. After cutting, the leaf stem portion 3a and the root vegetable portion 3b are guided and accommodated in the container 33 by a chute 75 provided behind the root cutting device 25, and the leaf stem portion 3a at the tip side is removed from the leaf discharging device 28. Discharged outside.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As mentioned above, since the present invention is as described above, that is, in the front of the disc cutter, a guide disk that rotates horizontally and acts on the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion and feeds the root vegetable portion into the disc cutter is provided. Therefore, the root vegetable part is not slid with respect to the fixing member and is not damaged. Accordingly, there is no transfer delay due to the frictional resistance of sliding, so that the root posture is upright and the cutting performance is improved. Furthermore, when the guide disk hits the bottom surface of the root vegetable part, the upward movement of the root cutting device is restricted, and a predetermined cutting root length is secured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a root cutting device showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a root cutting device showing an example of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 8 showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of a forward mud dropping device installed in a root crop harvesting machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of an essential part of a forward mud dropping device installed in a root crop harvesting machine according to the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a side view of a root vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Root crop 3a の 葉 Leaf stem 3b 〃 Root root 3c Root root 9 Clamping transport device 22 Mud dropping device 25 Root cutting device 26 Second clamping transport device 29 Disc cutter 46 Transport path 55 Guide disc 55a Protrusion 57 Scratch-proof cover 58 Scratch-proof cover 65 Root clamping conveyance device 69 Guide roller

Claims (7)

In the process of holding the leaf stem part of the root vegetable crop vegetated in the field with the holding and conveying device installed diagonally at the front and rear, and pulling out the root vegetable part and transporting it backward, it is biased upward and can move up and down In the root crop harvesting machine that cuts the root growing on the bottom of the root vegetable part leaving the predetermined cut root length by the root cutting device provided, the root cutting device is in contact with the root root part of the root vegetable part ensuring the cut root length In addition, the two disk cutters that intersect and rotate horizontally are arranged on both sides of the transport path, and in front of each disk cutter, rotate horizontally to contact the bottom surfaces of both sides of the root of the root vegetable part. A root cutting device for a root crop harvesting machine, characterized in that a guide disk for feeding the root crop portion to the disc cutter is provided. An anti-scratch cover for preventing the root vegetables from being damaged is attached to the upper surface of each of the disk cutter and the guide disk, and these anti-scratch covers are in contact with the bottom of the root vegetables to ensure the cutting root length. Root cutting device of the root crop harvesting machine. The root cutting device of the root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein protrusions that enter into the rotation trajectory of the other party are formed on the outer periphery of the guide disk. Provided above the guide disk and disc cutter is a second sandwiching and transporting device that carries the leaf stem part from the sandwiching and transporting device and transports it in the rear horizontal direction. The root cutting device of the root vegetable harvesting machine of Claim 3 which provided the apparatus. The root cutting device of the root vegetable harvesting machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein guide rollers capable of rotating substantially vertically are provided on both sides of the transport path in front of the guide disk so as to contact the bottom surface of the root vegetable portion to be transported. The root cutting device for a root crop harvesting machine according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of guide rollers are provided at a higher rearward position. 7. A root cutting device for a root crop harvesting machine according to claim 6, wherein a mud removing device for removing mud attached to the root is provided in front of the guide roller.

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