JP3848486B2 - Iron nitride magnetic powder material for magnetic recording medium, method for producing the same, and magnetic recording medium - Google Patents
Iron nitride magnetic powder material for magnetic recording medium, method for producing the same, and magnetic recording medium Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、カセットテープ、ビデオテープなどのメタルテープ用などに好適な磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄(Fe−N)系磁性粉末材料及びその製造方法、並びにその磁性粉末を用いた磁気記録媒体に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
磁気記録媒体の要求特性に、<1>高出力が得られること<2>高記録密度が得られることが挙げられる。そのためには、(a)飽和磁束密度(BS)或いは飽和磁化(σS)が大きいこと(b)角型比(Br/BS)が大きいこと(Br:残留磁束密度)(c)真の保磁力(iHc)が磁気ヘッドの許す限り大きいことなどが具備すべき条件とされている。
【0003】
このような要求品質に対して各種材料の磁気記録媒体が既に提案されているが、例えば磁気記録方式が面内記録方式のもので塗布型の磁性材料の場合、γ−Fe2O3の飽和磁束密度(BS)=1600〜2300G、真の保磁力iHc=300〜370(Oe)程度であり、Feメタル(Fe基金属)の場合、BS=2300〜3500(G)、iHc=1100〜1500(Oe)程度の値となっている(金属学会セミナー「磁性材料入門−基礎から先端材料まで」P75〜、1989年)。
【0004】
そのような技術的背景の中で、Feメタル(Fe基金属)系磁性粉末のような鉄系金属磁性粉末は、塗布型の磁気記録媒体の材料としてカセットテープやビデオテープなどのメタルテープに用いられている。その磁性粉末の形状は、一般に針状もしくは紡錘状をしており、これは形状磁気異方性を利用して磁気記録媒体の要求特性の1つである真の保磁力(iHc)を増大させようとするものである。
【0005】
この真の保磁力を増加させるためにコバルト、アルミ、希土類元素、ボロン等を添加する報告例もあり、これは磁性粉末の製造工程において水素還元処理を行った場合の粉末同士の焼結を抑制する効果や、これらの元素を含有することで、結晶磁気異方性の増大を目的としたものである。そしてこれらの従来技術による鉄系金属磁性粉の磁気特性としては、飽和磁化σS=120〜170(emu/g)、真の保磁力(iHc)=1000〜2400(Oe)程度の値が得られている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、さらに磁気記録媒体の高出力化を達成するためには、使用する金属粉末の真の保磁力(iHc)及び飽和磁化(σS)がさらに高いことが必要であり、特に磁気記録媒体の記録密度を上げるためには、真の保磁力が高いことが必要である。これに対して従来のものは、上述したように金属粉末の形状磁気異方性に依存するものであるから、真の保磁力の値は、粒子の大きさや形状などに関係する。そのために従来技術の金属磁性粉では、形状(例えば、針状の磁性粉の軸比が大きくできないなど)による制限から、真の保磁力の増加が困難である。また、従来の磁気記録用のメタル鉄粉は、微粒子化するにつれて真の保磁力が低下し、特に長径0.1μm以下では、真の保磁力が2000(Oe)を越えるものは得られていない。
【0007】
そのため、メタル鉄粉の高保磁力化には、結晶磁気異方性の増加のために、コバルトや希土類元素等を添加することが必要である。例えば特開平9−55306号公報や特開平10−83906号公報では高保磁力化のために、20〜40mass%のコバルトと約10mass%の希土類元素等を添加している。しかし、これらの添加元素は高価であるために材料のコスト高を招くという問題もある。
【0008】
本発明の解決しようとする課題は、磁気特性が形状磁気異方性に依らず結晶磁気異方性に依存するものであって、飽和磁化と真の保磁力がさらに高い磁気記録媒体用の窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料を提供すること、そしてこれを低コストで製造することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この課題を解決するために本発明に係る磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料は、Fe16N2相を主相とし、比表面積が10m2/g以上であって、かつ、その磁気特性が形状磁気異方性に依らず結晶磁気異方性に依存することを要旨とするものである。Fe16N2相を主相とする磁性粉末はもともと大きな飽和磁化(σS)の値を持つ物質として期待されていたが、この磁性粉末の比表面積を制御することにより更に真の保磁力(iHc)の高い磁性材料を得るものである。比表面積が10m2/g以上とすることにより真の保磁力の値として更に十分に高い値が得られるものである。
【0010】
ここで、上記磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料は、粉末粒径0.5μm以下、又は、比表面積30m2/g以上の酸化鉄粉末を還元処理して金属鉄粉末を生成し、得られた金属鉄粉末を窒化処理して得られうるものであると良い。
【0011】
この際、還元処理時の還元処理温度は300〜500℃の範囲内にあると良く、また、窒化処理時の窒化処理温度は100〜250℃の範囲内にあると良い。
【0012】
本発明に係る磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料の製造方法は、粉末粒径0.5μm以下の(又は比表面積30m2/g以上の)酸化鉄粉末を還元処理して金属鉄粉末を生成し、得られた金属鉄粉末を窒化処理して、Fe16N2相を主相とし、かつ、その磁気特性が形状磁気異方性に依らず結晶磁気異方性に依存する磁性粉末材料を生成することを要旨とするものである。
【0013】
本発明の出発原料である酸化鉄粉末には、一部に酸化鉄を含んだ金属鉄粉末も含まれているが、本発明が特に粉末材料の形状磁気異方性を利用したものではないので、球状や立方体形状などの不定形のものを用いることができる。
【0014】
還元処理工程は、一般に用いられている水素(H2)還元に依るのが望ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。この処理工程により酸化鉄粉末は金属鉄粉末に還元される。この際、還元処理時の還元処理温度は300〜500℃の範囲内にあると良い。
【0015】
一方、窒化処理工程としては、イオン注入法などもあるが、アンモニアガス気流中またはアンモニアガスを含んだ混合ガス気流中で金属鉄粉末の窒化処理を行うと良い。この際、窒化処理時の窒化処理温度は100〜250℃の範囲内にあると良い。また、上記アンモニアガスまたはアンモニアガスを含んだ混合ガスの純度は、5N以上であることが望ましく、上記アンモニアガス気流中またはアンモニアガスを含んだ混合ガス気流中における酸素濃度は、数ppm以下であることが望ましい。
【0016】
本発明に係る磁気記録媒体は、上記磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料の塗布層を基材上に有することを要旨とするものである。この磁気記録媒体によれば、飽和磁束密度BS=4000(G)、真の保磁力iHc=1200〜2200(Oe)程度の優れた磁化特性が得られ、磁気記録特性としての高出力化、高記録密度化が達成されることになる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の好適な実施の形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
初めに図1は、本発明に係る磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄(Fe−N)系磁性粉末材料の製造工程を示したものである。この図1の製造工程図に示されるように、例えば、γ−Fe2O3のような酸化鉄粉末、或いはこのような酸化鉄粉末を一部に含む金属鉄粉末であって粉末粒径が0.5μm以下のものを用い、これを水素(H2)雰囲気中で還元処理をし、次いでアンモニア(NH3)雰囲気中あるいはアンモニアガスを含んだ混合ガス気流中で窒化処理を行うものである。
【0018】
H2雰囲気中での還元条件は、水素(H2)気流中で行うのが良く、300〜500℃の温度域で行うのが望ましい。300℃未満である場合には、還元反応が不十分であり、窒化処理後に大きな飽和磁化を有する磁性粉末を得ることができない。また、500℃を超える場合には、粒子及び粒子相互間で焼結が起こり、窒化処理後に大きな保磁力を有する磁性粉末を得ることができない。また、NH3雰囲気中での窒化処理は、アンモニア(NH3)気流中あるいはアンモニアガスを含んだ混合ガス気流中(例えばアルゴン、水素、窒素のいずれか一つ以上のガスを含んだ、アンモニアガスとの混合ガス)で行うのが良く、しかも100〜250℃の比較的低温度域で行うのが望ましい。窒化処理温度が高くなると、Fe16N2相が得られ難くなる。また逆に低過ぎるとFe16N2相生成の進行が遅くなる傾向にある。尚、これらのガスは高純度(5N以上)もしくは酸素量が数ppm以下であることが望ましい。
【0019】
次に各種の実験を行ったのでその結果について説明する。
(実施例1)
γ−Fe2O3の不定形超微粉末(シーアイ化成製、比表面積:55m2/g)約2gをアルミナボートに乗せ、水素気流中300℃で8時間の還元処理を行った。還元処理後、α−Feが生成され、その比表面積はBET法による測定で30m2/gであった。還元した鉄粉をアンモニアガス100cc/min、アルゴンガス50cc/minの混合ガス流中で、130℃×24時間窒化処理を行い、炉冷後に試料を取り出して振動試料型磁力計(VSM)による磁気測定を行った。得られた粉末の磁気特性は、飽和磁化σS=190(emu/g)、真の保磁力iHc=2250(Oe)で、比表面積は、同じくBET法による測定で22m2/gであった。なお、同一条件で還元処理のみを行い、炉冷後に得られた試料粉末の磁気特性は、飽和磁化σS=190(emu/g)、真の保磁力iHc=950(Oe)であった。このように、上述した窒化処理によって生成したFe16N2相を主相とする粉末の磁気特性は、還元処理のみ行ったα−Fe粉末と比較して、比表面積が低下しているにもかかわらず、真の保磁力が2倍以上となっている。これは、Fe16N2相の結晶磁気異方性がα−Feより大きいことを示しており、本発明において、結晶磁気異方性に依存した真の保磁力の高い磁性粉末材料を提供できる根拠となっている。
【0020】
(実施例2〜5)
供試材料は、実施例1の場合と同様に、γ−Fe2O3の不定形超微粉末(シーアイ化成製、比表面積55m2/g)を用い、水素気流中での還元処理温度を300〜500℃の範囲で変化させたことと、還元処理時間を6〜10hで変化させたが、他の条件は同一である。この実施例2〜5では、還元処理条件を変えることにより、α−Fe微粉末の比表面積を変えるもので、還元処理により生成されたα−Fe微粉末の比表面積は、BET法による測定で17〜30m2/gであり、還元温度が高くなるほど、比表面積の値が小さくなる傾向にあった。
【0021】
そして還元した鉄粉の窒化処理は実施例1の場合と同一の条件で行い、その窒化処理により得られた窒化鉄粉末の比表面積は、10〜20m2/gであった。またその磁気測定を行った結果、得られた粉末の磁気特性は飽和磁化σS=200(emu/g)、真の保磁力(iHc)=1200〜2000(Oe)であった。
【0022】
(比較例)
γ−Fe2O3の不定形超微粉末(シーアイ化成製、比表面積:55m2/g)約2gをアルミナボートに乗せ、水素気流中600℃で8時間の還元処理を行った後、この還元より得られた鉄粉を実施例1〜5の場合と全く同一の条件、すなわち、アンモニアガス100cc/min、アルゴンガス50cc/minの混合ガス流中で130℃×24時間窒化処理を行ったものである。BET法により測定したところ、550(Oe)程度と低い値であった。
【0023】
図2は上述した各実施例(実施例1〜5)及び比較例について、得られたFe16N2相を主相とする窒化鉄微粉末の比表面積(m2/g)と真の保磁力(iHc)との関係をグラフに示したものである。また表1にはその裏付けデータを示している。この図2に示されるように、比表面積(m2/g)と保磁力(iHc)とは直線的に変化する関係にあって、窒化鉄微粉末の比表面積が増加するにつれて保磁力の値も比例して増加していく傾向にある。そして比表面積が10m2/gを越える当たりで保磁力が要求値である1000(Oe)をクリアし、比表面積が10m2/g以下では十分な保磁力が得られない結果となっている。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
尚、このFe16N2相の微粉末の合成については、金丸らによる報告が既にあり、「アンモニアプラズマ窒化及びアンモニア気流中加熱で窒化した窒化鉄FeXN(x>4)の構造と磁性」(1998年2月、第36回セラミックス基礎科学討論会資料 P60)、及び「α”−Fe16N2の合成と磁性」(第81回粉体粉末冶金協会春期大会講演概要集(1998)P220)に記載されている。
【0026】
この報告によれば、α”−Fe16N2の単一相の合成によって、巨大磁化物質が期待されるとするものである。ただその磁気特性として、σSやiHcの値が明示されていないので、本発明品との性能比較のため実際に実験を行った。
【0027】
次の表2は、本発明品(前述の実施例1〜5)と、金丸らによるα”−Fe16N2相との比較データを示したものである。Fe16N2相の試作は、針状のγ−Fe2O3粉末(高純度化学製、比表面積:約20m2/g)を用い、これを水素気流中500℃で8時間の還元処理を行い、次いで窒化処理を110℃の低温度で10日間行った。その結果、還元処理した段階でのα−Fe微粉末の比表面積は約8m2/g、窒化処理後には約6m2/gであり、その時の磁化特性は飽和磁化σS=170(emu/g)、真の保磁力iHc=500(Oe)程度であった。
【0028】
【表2】
【0029】
そしてこの表2からわかるように、金丸らの方法では真の保磁力(iHc)の値が十分に得られておらず、磁気記録用の磁性粉としての要求特性である真の保磁力(iHc)の値が1000(Oe)以上をクリアするためには磁性粉末の条件(粒径や比表面積)を限定した製造条件とすることが必要である。そして本発明では、金丸らの方法と同じくFe16N2相を主相とするものではあるが、それが形状磁気異方性に依らず、結晶磁気異方性に着目し、その磁性粉末の比表面積を大きくすることとの相乗的効果として、飽和磁化(σS)のみならず、真の保磁力(iHc)の値も高い磁性粉末材料を得ることができたものである。
【0030】
次の図3はこれまで公開特許公報で報告された鉄系金属磁性粉末の印加磁場10kOeにおける磁化の値(σ)と真の保磁力(iHc)との関係を本発明に係わる上記実施例1〜5の磁性材料の発現データと比較して示したものである。この図3からもわかるように、本発明品によれば、印加磁場10kOeにおける磁化σ=170〜190(emu/g)程度の高い値を維持しつつ、真の保磁力iHc=1000〜2300(Oe)においても従来品に比べて遜色のない値が得られている。
【0031】
図4は、本発明の磁性粉末材料を用いた磁気記録媒体の断面構造を概略的に示している。この磁気記録媒体10はメタルテープを想定したもので、ポリエステルフィルムからなる基材12の表面に、上述のFe16N2相を主相とする磁性粉、補強用非磁性粉(α−Al2O3等)、バインダ(熱可塑性のビニル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂など)を適当な溶剤に混ぜたものを塗布し、磁性粉末塗布層14を形成したものである。
【0032】
Fe16N2相の磁性粉の分散は均一にし、塗膜表面も十分に滑らかにすることが望ましい。また磁性粉の充填密度も高くするのが雑音低減等の面から良いとされている。
【0033】
本発明は上記した実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の改変が可能である。例えば上記実施例では、出発原料としてγ−Fe2O3の不定形微粉末を用いたが、α−Fe2O3、FeO、Fe3O4などを出発原料としても良い。又、直接金属鉄微粉末(比表面積10m2/g以上)を用いて還元処理工程を省くことによっても同一組成の磁性粉末を得ることは可能である。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明の磁性粉末材料によれば、Fe16N2相を主相とするものであって、その比表面積を10m2/g以上とすることにより高い飽和磁化と真の保磁力の値が得られるものであり、このFe16N2相では結晶磁気異方性により高保磁力が発現すると考えられるため、粉末形状に制限はなく、針状などの形状磁気異方性を有する磁性粉の作製を行う必要がない。また、従来のようにコバルト等の高価な添加元素を加えなくとも高保磁力であるため、製造コストの低コスト化が期待できる。したがって従来技術では限界のあった記録媒体用磁性粉末材料としての磁気特性が向上するため、さらに高出力、高記録密度などの特性に優れた磁気記録媒体を安価に市場に提供できるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本実施例に係る窒化鉄系(Fe16N2相)磁性粉末材料の製造工程を示した図である。
【図2】 本実施例に係る磁性粉末材料の比表面積(m2/g)と真の保磁力(iHc)との関係を示した図である。
【図3】 公開特許公報で報告された鉄系金属磁性粉末の印加磁場10kOeにおける磁化の値(σ)と真の保磁力(iHc)との関係と、実施例に係る磁性材料のそれとの比較を示した図である。
【図4】 本発明の磁性粉末材料が適用される磁気記録媒体の断面概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
10 磁気記録媒体
12 基材
14 磁性粉末塗布層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an iron nitride (Fe—N) based magnetic powder material for magnetic recording media suitable for metal tapes such as cassette tapes and video tapes, a manufacturing method thereof, and a magnetic recording medium using the magnetic powder. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The required characteristics of magnetic recording media include <1> high output and <2> high recording density. To that end, (a) the saturation magnetic flux density (B S ) or saturation magnetization (σ S ) is large (b) the squareness ratio (B r / B S ) is large (B r : residual magnetic flux density) (c ) The real coercive force (iHc) must be as large as the magnetic head permits, and so on.
[0003]
Magnetic recording media of various materials have already been proposed for such required quality. For example, when the magnetic recording method is an in-plane recording method and is a coating type magnetic material, the saturation of γ-Fe 2 O 3 Magnetic flux density (B S ) = 1600-2300G, true coercive force iHc = 300-370 (Oe), and in the case of Fe metal (Fe base metal), B S = 2300-3500 (G), iHc = 1100 It is a value of about ˜1500 (Oe) (Metal Society Seminar “Introduction to Magnetic Materials-From Basics to Advanced Materials” P75-, 1989).
[0004]
In such a technical background, iron-based metal magnetic powders such as Fe metal (Fe-based metal) -based magnetic powders are used for metal tapes such as cassette tapes and video tapes as materials for coating-type magnetic recording media. It has been. The shape of the magnetic powder is generally needle-shaped or spindle-shaped, and this increases the true coercive force (iHc), which is one of the required characteristics of the magnetic recording medium, utilizing the shape magnetic anisotropy. It is about to try.
[0005]
There are also reports of adding cobalt, aluminum, rare earth elements, boron, etc. to increase this true coercive force, which suppresses sintering between powders when hydrogen reduction treatment is performed in the magnetic powder manufacturing process. The purpose of this is to increase the magnetocrystalline anisotropy by containing these elements and these elements. As magnetic properties of the iron-based metal magnetic powders according to these conventional techniques, values of saturation magnetization σ S = 120 to 170 (emu / g) and true coercive force (iHc) = 1000 to 2400 (Oe) are obtained. It has been.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to achieve higher output of the magnetic recording medium, it is necessary that the true coercive force (iHc) and saturation magnetization (σ S ) of the metal powder to be used be higher. In order to increase the recording density, it is necessary that the true coercive force is high. On the other hand, since the conventional one depends on the shape magnetic anisotropy of the metal powder as described above, the value of the true coercive force is related to the size and shape of the particles. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the true coercive force in the conventional metal magnetic powder due to limitations due to the shape (for example, the axial ratio of the needle-like magnetic powder cannot be increased). In addition, the conventional metal iron powder for magnetic recording has a true coercive force that decreases as the particle size is reduced, and in particular, when the major axis is 0.1 μm or less, no real iron coercive force exceeds 2000 (Oe). .
[0007]
Therefore, in order to increase the coercive force of the metal iron powder, it is necessary to add cobalt, a rare earth element, etc. in order to increase the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-55306 and 10-83906, 20 to 40 mass% cobalt and about 10 mass% rare earth elements are added to increase the coercive force. However, since these additive elements are expensive, there is a problem that the cost of the material is increased.
[0008]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the magnetic properties depend not only on the shape magnetic anisotropy but on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and the saturation magnetization and the true coercive force are higher for nitriding for magnetic recording media. It is to provide an iron-based magnetic powder material and to manufacture it at a low cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The magnetic recording medium for iron nitride-based magnetic powder material according to the present invention in order to solve this problem, the Fe 16 N 2 phase as the main phase, I der specific surface area of 10
[0010]
Here, the iron nitride magnetic powder material for magnetic recording media is obtained by reducing iron oxide powder having a powder particle size of 0.5 μm or less or a specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more to produce metallic iron powder. It may be obtained by nitriding the obtained metallic iron powder.
[0011]
At this time, the reduction treatment temperature during the reduction treatment is preferably in the range of 300 to 500 ° C., and the nitridation treatment temperature during the nitriding treatment is preferably in the range of 100 to 250 ° C.
[0012]
The method for producing an iron nitride magnetic powder material for magnetic recording media according to the present invention comprises reducing iron oxide powder having a powder particle size of 0.5 μm or less (or having a specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more) to reduce the metal iron powder. Magnetic powder obtained by nitriding the obtained iron metal powder and having the Fe 16 N 2 phase as the main phase and whose magnetic properties depend on the crystalline magnetic anisotropy regardless of the shape magnetic anisotropy The gist is to produce the material.
[0013]
The iron oxide powder that is the starting material of the present invention includes metal iron powder partially containing iron oxide, but the present invention does not particularly utilize the shape magnetic anisotropy of the powder material. An indefinite shape such as a spherical shape or a cubic shape can be used.
[0014]
Although it is desirable that the reduction treatment step is based on a commonly used reduction of hydrogen (H 2 ), it is not limited to this. This treatment step reduces the iron oxide powder to metallic iron powder. At this time, the reduction treatment temperature during the reduction treatment is preferably in the range of 300 to 500 ° C.
[0015]
On the other hand, as the nitriding treatment step, there is an ion implantation method or the like, but nitriding treatment of metallic iron powder may be performed in an ammonia gas stream or a mixed gas stream containing ammonia gas. At this time, the nitriding temperature during nitriding is preferably in the range of 100 to 250 ° C. The purity of the ammonia gas or the mixed gas containing ammonia gas is preferably 5N or more, and the oxygen concentration in the ammonia gas stream or the mixed gas stream containing ammonia gas is several ppm or less. It is desirable.
[0016]
The gist of the magnetic recording medium according to the present invention is to have a coating layer of the iron nitride magnetic powder material for magnetic recording medium on a substrate. According to this magnetic recording medium, excellent magnetization characteristics such as a saturation magnetic flux density B S = 4000 (G) and a true coercive force iHc = 1200 to 2200 (Oe) can be obtained, and high output as magnetic recording characteristics can be obtained. High recording density is achieved.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
First, FIG. 1 shows a manufacturing process of an iron nitride (Fe—N) -based magnetic powder material for a magnetic recording medium according to the present invention. As shown in the manufacturing process diagram of FIG. 1, for example, an iron oxide powder such as γ-Fe 2 O 3 or a metal iron powder partially containing such an iron oxide powder and having a powder particle size of A material having a thickness of 0.5 μm or less is used, subjected to reduction treatment in a hydrogen (H 2 ) atmosphere, and then subjected to nitriding treatment in an ammonia (NH 3 ) atmosphere or a mixed gas stream containing ammonia gas. .
[0018]
The reducing conditions in the H 2 atmosphere are preferably performed in a hydrogen (H 2 ) stream, and are preferably performed in a temperature range of 300 to 500 ° C. When the temperature is less than 300 ° C., the reduction reaction is insufficient, and a magnetic powder having a large saturation magnetization cannot be obtained after nitriding. When the temperature exceeds 500 ° C., sintering occurs between the particles and the particles, and a magnetic powder having a large coercive force cannot be obtained after nitriding. Further, the nitriding treatment in the NH 3 atmosphere is performed in an ammonia (NH 3 ) stream or a mixed gas stream containing ammonia gas (for example, ammonia gas containing one or more of argon, hydrogen, and nitrogen). And preferably in a relatively low temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C. When the nitriding temperature is increased, it becomes difficult to obtain an Fe 16 N 2 phase. On the other hand, if it is too low, the progress of Fe 16 N 2 phase generation tends to be slow. These gases are preferably of high purity (5N or more) or oxygen content of several ppm or less.
[0019]
Next, various experiments were conducted, and the results will be described.
Example 1
About 2 g of amorphous ultrafine powder of γ-Fe 2 O 3 (manufactured by Cai Kasei Co., Ltd., specific surface area: 55 m 2 / g) was placed on an alumina boat and subjected to reduction treatment at 300 ° C. for 8 hours in a hydrogen stream. After the reduction treatment, α-Fe was produced, and the specific surface area was 30 m 2 / g as measured by the BET method. The reduced iron powder is nitrided in a mixed gas flow of
[0020]
(Examples 2 to 5)
As in the case of Example 1, the test material was an amorphous ultrafine powder of γ-Fe 2 O 3 (manufactured by C-I Kasei Co., Ltd., specific surface area 55 m 2 / g), and the reduction treatment temperature in a hydrogen stream was set. Although it was changed in the range of 300 to 500 ° C. and the reduction treatment time was changed in 6 to 10 h, other conditions were the same. In Examples 2 to 5, the specific surface area of the α-Fe fine powder was changed by changing the reduction treatment conditions. The specific surface area of the α-Fe fine powder produced by the reduction treatment was measured by the BET method. It was 17-30 m < 2 > / g, and there existed a tendency for the value of a specific surface area to become small, so that reduction temperature became high.
[0021]
And the nitriding process of the reduced iron powder was performed on the same conditions as the case of Example 1, and the specific surface area of the iron nitride powder obtained by the nitriding process was 10-20 m < 2 > / g. As a result of the magnetic measurement, the magnetic properties of the obtained powder were saturation magnetization σ S = 200 (emu / g) and true coercive force (iHc) = 1200 to 2000 (Oe).
[0022]
(Comparative example)
About 2 g of amorphous ultrafine powder of γ-Fe 2 O 3 (manufactured by C-I Kasei Co., Ltd., specific surface area: 55 m 2 / g) was placed on an alumina boat and subjected to reduction treatment at 600 ° C. for 8 hours in a hydrogen stream. The iron powder obtained from the reduction was subjected to nitriding treatment at 130 ° C. for 24 hours under the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 5, that is, in a mixed gas flow of
[0023]
FIG. 2 shows the specific surface area (m 2 / g) and true retention of the obtained iron nitride fine powder containing the Fe 16 N 2 phase as the main phase for each of the above-described Examples (Examples 1 to 5) and Comparative Examples. The relationship with magnetic force (iHc) is shown in the graph. Table 1 shows the supporting data. As shown in FIG. 2, the specific surface area (m 2 / g) and the coercive force (iHc) have a linearly changing relationship, and the value of the coercive force increases as the specific surface area of the iron nitride fine powder increases. Tend to increase in proportion. When the specific surface area exceeds 10 m 2 / g, the required coercive force of 1000 (Oe) is cleared, and when the specific surface area is 10 m 2 / g or less, sufficient coercive force cannot be obtained.
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
The synthesis of this fine powder of Fe 16 N 2 phase has already been reported by Kanemaru et al., “Structure and magnetic properties of iron nitride Fe X N (x> 4) nitrided by ammonia plasma nitriding and heating in an ammonia stream. "February 1998, 36th Ceramics Science Discussion Material P60" and "Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of α" -Fe 16 N 2 "(Abstracts of the 81st Annual Meeting of the Powder and Powder Metallurgy Society (1998) P220).
[0026]
According to this report, a giant magnetized material is expected by the synthesis of a single phase of α ″ -Fe 16 N 2. However, the values of σ S and iHc are clearly shown as the magnetic properties. Therefore, an experiment was actually conducted for performance comparison with the product of the present invention.
[0027]
The following Table 2, the product of the present invention (Example 1-5 above), the prototype of .Fe 16 N 2 phase shows the comparison data with by Kanamaru et α "-Fe 16 N 2 phase is , Needle-like γ-Fe 2 O 3 powder (manufactured by High Purity Chemical, specific surface area: about 20 m 2 / g) was subjected to reduction treatment at 500 ° C. for 8 hours in a hydrogen stream, and then nitridation treatment was performed at 110 As a result, the α-Fe fine powder had a specific surface area of about 8 m 2 / g after the reduction treatment and about 6 m 2 / g after the nitriding treatment, and the magnetization characteristics at that time were as follows. The saturation magnetization σ S = 170 (emu / g) and the true coercive force iHc = 500 (Oe).
[0028]
[Table 2]
[0029]
As can be seen from Table 2, the value of the true coercive force (iHc) is not sufficiently obtained by the method of Kanemaru et al., And the true coercive force (iHc) which is a required characteristic as a magnetic powder for magnetic recording. In order to clear a value of 1000) (Oe) or more, it is necessary to make the production conditions that limit the conditions (particle diameter and specific surface area) of the magnetic powder. In the present invention, the Fe 16 N 2 phase is the main phase, as in the method of Kanemaru et al., But it does not depend on the shape magnetic anisotropy, but focuses on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. As a synergistic effect with increasing the specific surface area, a magnetic powder material having not only a saturation magnetization (σ S ) but also a high value of true coercive force (iHc) could be obtained.
[0030]
Next, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the magnetization value (σ) and the true coercive force (iHc) in the applied
[0031]
FIG. 4 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of a magnetic recording medium using the magnetic powder material of the present invention. This
[0032]
It is desirable that the magnetic powder of the Fe 16 N 2 phase be uniformly dispersed and that the coating film surface be sufficiently smooth. In addition, it is considered good to increase the packing density of magnetic powder from the viewpoint of noise reduction and the like.
[0033]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, γ-Fe 2 O 3 amorphous fine powder was used as the starting material, but α-Fe 2 O 3 , FeO, Fe 3 O 4, etc. may be used as the starting material. Also, it is possible to obtain a magnetic powder having the same composition by directly using fine metallic iron powder (specific surface area of 10 m 2 / g or more) and omitting the reduction treatment step.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the magnetic powder material of the present invention, the Fe 16 N 2 phase is the main phase, and a high saturation magnetization and a true coercive force value can be obtained by setting the specific surface area to 10 m 2 / g or more. In this Fe 16 N 2 phase, it is considered that high coercive force is expressed by crystal magnetic anisotropy. Therefore, there is no limitation on the shape of the powder, and the production of magnetic powder having a shape magnetic anisotropy such as a needle shape There is no need to do it. Further, since the coercive force is high without adding an expensive additive element such as cobalt as in the prior art, a reduction in manufacturing cost can be expected. Accordingly, the magnetic characteristics as a magnetic powder material for recording media, which has been limited in the prior art, are improved, and a magnetic recording medium excellent in characteristics such as high output and high recording density can be provided to the market at a low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a manufacturing process of an iron nitride (Fe 16 N 2 phase) magnetic powder material according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the specific surface area (m 2 / g) and the true coercive force (iHc) of the magnetic powder material according to the present example.
FIG. 3 is a comparison between the relationship between the magnetization value (σ) and the true coercive force (iHc) of an iron-based metal magnetic powder in an applied magnetic field of 10 kOe reported in the published patent gazette and that of a magnetic material according to an example. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a magnetic recording medium to which the magnetic powder material of the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
10
Claims (14)
Fe16N2相を主相とし、かつ、その磁気特性が形状磁気異方性に依らず結晶磁気異方性に依存する磁性粉末材料を生成することを特徴とする磁気記録媒体用窒化鉄系磁性粉末材料の製造方法。The iron oxide powder having a powder particle size of 0.5 μm or less or a specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more is reduced to produce metallic iron powder, and the obtained metallic iron powder is nitrided ,
An iron nitride for a magnetic recording medium , characterized by producing a magnetic powder material having a Fe 16 N 2 phase as a main phase and whose magnetic properties depend on crystalline magnetic anisotropy without depending on shape magnetic anisotropy Of manufacturing magnetic magnetic powder material.
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