JP3850106B2 - Magnetic recording medium - Google Patents
Magnetic recording medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3850106B2 JP3850106B2 JP17715097A JP17715097A JP3850106B2 JP 3850106 B2 JP3850106 B2 JP 3850106B2 JP 17715097 A JP17715097 A JP 17715097A JP 17715097 A JP17715097 A JP 17715097A JP 3850106 B2 JP3850106 B2 JP 3850106B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- layer
- resin
- recording medium
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 146
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C1 MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ALHNLFMSAXZKRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-dicarbohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)NN)C=C1 ALHNLFMSAXZKRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 103
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 41
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 26
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 7
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910017061 Fe Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JZQOJFLIJNRDHK-CMDGGOBGSA-N alpha-irone Chemical compound CC1CC=C(C)C(\C=C\C(C)=O)C1(C)C JZQOJFLIJNRDHK-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GLYJVQDYLFAUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC GLYJVQDYLFAUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMXKVMNBHPAILY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC MMXKVMNBHPAILY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMKRHZKQPFCLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl myristate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC MMKRHZKQPFCLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MVLVMROFTAUDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC MVLVMROFTAUDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQILCOQZDHPEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC OQILCOQZDHPEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002335 surface treatment layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzotriazine Chemical compound N1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC(N=C=O)=C1 VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLHUPYSUKYAIBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-acetylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)N1CCCC1=O YLHUPYSUKYAIBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJNBCVWWPLRZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one;oxolane Chemical compound C1CCOC1.CN1CCCC1=O HJNBCVWWPLRZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBSSROHORQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C SRBSSROHORQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOUICXNAWQPGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorooxirane Chemical compound FC1(F)OC1(F)F LOUICXNAWQPGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YENVMPPRTXICRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,6-dicarboxyphenyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O YENVMPPRTXICRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDBYAPSWOPDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dichloro(fluoro)methyl]sulfanylisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)F)C(=O)C2=C1 NCDBYAPSWOPDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHUXFMNHQIITCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC NHUXFMNHQIITCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFAAOBGYWOUHLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SFAAOBGYWOUHLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPJWPPVYCOPDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC OPJWPPVYCOPDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRXOKLJPWSYWIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC GRXOKLJPWSYWIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SERNYHVIRCXKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylpentyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCC SERNYHVIRCXKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QALSEIBHJDDTQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C(N)=O QALSEIBHJDDTQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWHLJVMSZRKEAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dicarboxyphenyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2C(=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O GWHLJVMSZRKEAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQOEAOLRIMQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC(C)C WDQOEAOLRIMQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCC(O)CC1 MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGYAMNNIKRWVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(furan-2-yl)hexa-3,5-dien-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CO1 SGYAMNNIKRWVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDKYEUQMPZIGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC NDKYEUQMPZIGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001747 Cellulose diacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020630 Co Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000557626 Corvus corax Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002440 Co–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcaprolactam Chemical compound CN1CCCCCC1=O ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003267 Ni-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003262 Ni‐Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018605 Ni—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJNTZVRUYMHBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC DJNTZVRUYMHBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZQBWGFCGIRLBB-NJYHNNHUSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2s,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-octadecanoyloxyethyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PZQBWGFCGIRLBB-NJYHNNHUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNXZADVBNGOJOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sb+]=O.[Sn+2]=O.[O-2].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [Sb+]=O.[Sn+2]=O.[O-2].[Ti+4] RNXZADVBNGOJOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007754 air knife coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940053195 antiepileptics hydantoin derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008107 benzenesulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylbenzene;isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUFPJJNWMYZRQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylsulfanylmethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSCC1=CC=CC=C1 LUFPJJNWMYZRQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bpda Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRXAQKMPZKGHIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-one butyl octadecanoate Chemical compound C(C)C(=O)C.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)OCCCC VRXAQKMPZKGHIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHAZIUXMHRHVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC DHAZIUXMHRHVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SVOAENZIOKPANY-CVBJKYQLSA-L copper;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O SVOAENZIOKPANY-CVBJKYQLSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CBJHPWGNQLOEPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C.CC(=O)OC=C CBJHPWGNQLOEPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010944 ethyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067592 ethyl palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) nitrate Chemical compound [Gd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001469 hydantoins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001337 iron nitride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940037626 isobutyl stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTLRFBZGTLCJNC-KVVVOXFISA-N mercury;phenyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Hg].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XTLRFBZGTLCJNC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPXCDEMFNPKOEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-methylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1 CPXCDEMFNPKOEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003087 methylethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Nd](Cl)Cl ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PSXNDMJWRZYVTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid butyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PSXNDMJWRZYVTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBZAGOMQOSEWBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC BBZAGOMQOSEWBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWPNJOHZHSJFIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC QWPNJOHZHSJFIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleic acid oleyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N oleyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- WMHSAFDEIXKKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony;oxotin Chemical compound [Sn]=O.[Sb]=O WMHSAFDEIXKKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOQRZWSWPNIGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCC MOQRZWSWPNIGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003008 phosphonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pr](Cl)Cl LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellityc acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylanilide Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000975 salicylanilide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHXBZLPMVFUQBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K samarium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sm](Cl)Cl BHXBZLPMVFUQBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamide Chemical compound NS(N)(=O)=O NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVEZZJVBDQCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfenic acid Chemical compound SO RVEZZJVBDQCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVEIFJBUBJUUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(C(=O)OC)=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1C(=O)OC QVEIFJBUBJUUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REDSKZBUUUQMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC REDSKZBUUUQMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical class [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
強磁性粉末と結合剤とを分散させてなる磁性層を非磁性支持体上に設けた磁気記録媒体において、とくに優れた電磁変換特性と耐久性をもつ磁気記録媒体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
磁気記録媒体は、録音用テープ、ビデオテープあるいはフロッピーディスクなどとして広く用いられている。磁気記録媒体は、強磁性粉末が結合剤中に分散された磁性層を非磁性支持体上に積層している。
磁気記録媒体は、電磁変換特性、走行耐久性および走行性能などの諸特性が優れていることが必要とされる。すなわち、音楽録音再生用のオーディオテープにおいては、より高度の原音再生能力が要求されている。また、ビデオテープについては、原画再生能力が優れているなど電磁変換特性が優れていることが要求されており、コンピュータの記録用の媒体においては、信頼性が高い高密度記録特性が求められている。
このような優れた電磁変換特性を有すると同時に、磁気記録媒体は良好な走行耐久性を持つことが要求されている。そして、良好な走行耐久性を得るために、一般には研磨剤および潤滑剤が磁性層中に添加されている。
【0003】
磁気記録媒体の使用機器において媒体と磁気ヘッドが摺動接触するために、磁気記録媒体の結合剤中の低分子成分が磁性層表面付近に浮上して磁気ヘッドに付着する磁気ヘッド汚れが生じるという問題があった。
磁気ヘッド汚れは電磁変換特性の劣化の原因となっている。とくに、高密度記録用の機器では、磁気ヘッド回転数が上昇しており、家庭用のデジタルビデオテープレコーダにあっても、磁気ヘッドの回転数が9600回転/分と、アナログビデオテープレコーダの民生用の1800回転/分、業務用の5000回転/分に比べて格段に高速回転数であり、磁気記録媒体と磁気ヘッドとの摺動する速度が大きくなり、また磁気ヘッドも薄膜ヘッド等のように小型のものが用いられており、磁気記録媒体から生じる成分による磁気ヘッド汚れの改善が求められている。また、フロッピーディスクに代えて用いられる高密度記録用の磁気記録媒体にあっても、同様に強度が大きく信頼性の高い磁気記録媒体が要求されている。
【0004】
高密度記録を達成するためには記録信号の短波長化や記録軌跡の狭トラック化が必要とされ、このために強磁性粉体の微粒子化、高充填化、磁気記録媒体表面の超平滑化などと同時に記録媒体への書き込み時間や読み出し時間の短縮化が必要でシリンダー回転数や磁気テープの搬送速度の高速化が行われている。さらに、体積密度向上のために磁気記録媒体を薄膜化することが要求されている。
【0005】
非磁性支持体としては、従来ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレン−2,6−ナフタレート(PEN)等が使用されてきたが、記録媒体の薄膜化とともに5400〜9000rpm程度の高速で回転する小径ヘッドに磁気テープとヘッドの相対速度で20m/秒以上の高速で安定して走行せしめることが非常に困難となり、Rf出力の低下および出力変動が大きくなる傾向が見られる。これらRf出力の低下および出力変動はシリンダーヘッドのヘッドチップ取り付け窓部への記録媒体の引き込まれる現象等が生じて記録媒体とヘッドの間で接触が不均一になり隙間が生じること等によるものであり、記録・再生の際に損失が生じ出力低下、出力変動の原因となっている。
【0006】
そのため、強度が大きくヤング率も大きな合成樹脂であるポリアミド樹脂を磁気記録媒体の支持体としてを使用して磁気記録媒体を作製することが提案されている。
【0007】
例えば、特公昭57−42890号公報には、ポリアミド支持体上に磁気記録層を形成する際に、ポリアミド支持体上に下塗剤として無定形線状飽和ポリエステルを塗布して支持体と磁性層との間の接着強度を高めることが記載されており、また、特公昭57−42891号公報には、同様にポリウレタンエラストマーを塗布することが記載されているが、これらの下塗り剤によっては充分な密着力が得られないものであった。
【0008】
また、特公昭60−38767号公報には、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂からなる支持体の下塗剤としてアルコール可溶ポリアミド樹脂を用いることが、また特開平7−29148号公報には、ポリアミド支持体上に下塗剤としてポリアミドを使用することが記載されているが、磁性層の密着力は十分ではなく、また磁気記録媒体の表面性も充分なものではなかった。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、非磁性支持体上に強磁性微粉末と結合剤とを分散させてなる磁性層を設けるか、または非磁性粉体と結合剤とを分散させてなる非磁性塗布層を非磁性支持体上にさらに磁性層を設けた磁気記録媒体に関するものであって、記録再生装置でのヘッドとの接触を改良し、出力変動が少なく高出力を保ち、かつ平滑でドロップアウトの少ない磁気記録媒体を提供するものであり、磁性層と非磁性支持体との密着性が高く、走行耐久性に優れた芳香族ポリアミド支持体を使用した場合にも記録再生装置のヘッドとの接触が良好で、体積記録密度の高い記録媒体を提供するものであり、さらに下塗り層の平滑性が高く、ひいては磁性層の平滑性、電磁変換特性に優れた磁気記録媒体を提供することを課題とするものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、非磁性支持体上に強磁性粉体を結合剤中に分散させた磁性層を設けた磁気記録媒体において、前記非磁性支持体は芳香族ポリアミド樹脂からなり、かつ前記非磁性支持体と前記磁性層との間に、ポリアミドイミド樹脂からなる下塗り層を形成したものである磁気記録媒体である。
また、前記下塗り層と前記磁性層との間に非磁性である下層を設けた前記の磁気記録媒体である。
芳香族ポリアミド樹脂がテレフタルヒドラジド、パラベンズアミド、パラフェニレンテレフタルアミドの化学結合の1種または2種以上を構成単位とする芳香族ポリアミド樹脂である前記の磁気記録媒体である。
また、下塗り層は厚みが0.03〜1.0μmである前記の磁気記録媒体である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、磁気記録媒体とヘッドとの接触不良によって生じる記録再生出力の変動等のいわゆるヘッド当たりを解決するものである。ヘッド当たりには、記録媒体の幅方向のスティフネスが縦方向以上に寄与することが知られている。スティフネスMはM=Ebd3/12 (Eはヤング率、bは磁気テープの幅、dは磁気テープの厚み)で表わされ、幅方向のスティフネスを高めるためには磁気記録媒体の厚みが一定の場合、ベースの幅方向のヤング率を延伸倍率の上昇などにより高めることが有効であるが、薄膜化がさらに進んだ場合は延伸倍率の上昇のみでは最適領域に記録媒体のスティフネスを維持することはできなくなってきている。
【0012】
そのため芳香族ポリアミド樹脂すなわちアラミドが提案されているが、これら芳香族ポリアミド支持体を使用して磁気記録媒体を作製したところ非磁性支持体と磁性層または非磁性塗布層との密着性が充分でなく、走行途中で磁性層がヘッド・走行系との摺動でエッジ部等から剥離、脱落しドロップアウト・走行系の汚れの原因となることが生じた。
【0013】
非磁性支持体と、磁性層または非磁性下層との間に無定形線状飽和ポリエステル樹脂単独または無定形線状飽和ポリエステル樹脂と塩化ビニリデンアクリロニトリル共重合体ポリウレタンエラストマー、アルコール可溶性ポリアミド樹脂等の下塗り層を設けることが提案されているが、これらの技術をもってしてもテープの薄膜化あるいは、密着力の低下に伴う磁性層、下層の剥離・脱落に伴うドロップアウト・走行系の汚れを防止することはできなかった。
【0014】
本発明者らは、上記問題点を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、非磁性支持体上に強磁性粉末、結合剤を含む磁性層を、該磁気記録媒体の非磁性支持体と磁性層との間にポリアミドイミド樹脂からなる下塗り層を形成することによって磁気記録媒体によって達成されることを見いだしたものである。
【0015】
また、本発明において、磁性層と非磁性支持体の間に形成する非磁性である下層を設ける場合には、非磁性である下層は磁性を有さない物質のみで形成され層のみではなく、微量の強磁性粉末、あるいは磁性強度の小さな磁性体粉末を含有し、最大磁束密度(Bm)が500ガウス以下、または抗磁力(Hc)が300Oe以下のような上層に形成する磁性層への磁気記録に影響を与えることがない程度の弱い磁性を有し、実質的に非磁性層として作用を果たす下層も含む。
【0016】
本発明に用いることができるポリアミドイミド樹脂は、日刊工業「ポリアミド樹脂ハンドブック」等に記載されているように、末端にアミノ基を有する低分子量のポリアミドと酸無水物の反応による方法、末端にアミノ基を有する低分子量のポリアミド酸と二塩基性クロリドとの反応による方法;トリメリット酸誘導体とジアミンと反応による方法等によって得られる。
【0017】
これらの、酸無水物、ピロメリット酸−1,4−ジメチルエステル、ピロメリット酸テトラメチルエステル、ピロメリット酸エチルエステル、2,3,6,7−ナフタリンテトラカルボン酸ジ無水物、3,3’,4,4’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸ジ無水物、1,2,5,6−ナフタリンテトラカルボン酸ジ無水物、2,2’,3,3’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸ジ無水物、2,2’,6,6’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸ジ無水物等か;ジアミン類の前記の芳香族ジアミンが使用される。
ポリアミド酸の合成溶媒としては、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルメトキシアセトアミド、N−メチルカプロラクタム、ジメチルスルホン、テトラメチレンスルホン、N−アセチル−2−ピロリドン等が使用される。
【0018】
また、非磁性支持体上へのポリイミドアミドの下塗り層の塗布には、ポリイミドアミドが溶解する溶媒を用いて行うことができる。具体的には、γ−ブチロラクトン/シクロヘキサノン=1/1混合溶剤、テトラヒドロフラン/シクロヘキサノン=1/1混合溶剤、エタノール/トルエン=1/1混合溶剤、ジオキサン/シクロペンタノン=1/1混合溶剤、テトラヒドロフラン、N−メチルピロリドンを挙げることができる。塗布液の濃度は、0.05〜100重量%、好ましくは0.1〜30重量%、さらに好ましくは、0.5〜10重量%である。また、塗布は磁性塗料の塗布と同様の方法によって行うことができる。
【0019】
また、本発明の下塗り層としての好ましい厚みは、乾燥後の厚みが0.03〜1.0μm、さらに好ましくは0.05〜0.8μmである。0.03μmより薄いと密着力が確保できず、塗布層の脱落が生じ、ドロップアウトの増加の原因となる。1.0μmより厚いと密着力は確保できるものの磁気記録媒体全体の厚みが厚くなり薄層化の場合に不利となる。
【0020】
本発明に使用する非磁性支持体は、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂であって、テレフタルヒドラジド、パラベンズアミド、パラフェニレンテレフタルアミドの化学結合の1種または2種以上を主たる構成単位とするポリアミド樹脂である。パラフェニレンテレフタルアミドは分子の剛性が高く、また分子の規則性、対称性が高いため、得られる支持体のヤング率が高くなる。
【0021】
芳香族ポリアミド樹脂の分子量は10000〜100000である。好ましくは30000〜50000である。分子量が10000以下ではヤング率が低く、100000以上では成形加工性が悪くなるので好ましくない。
【0022】
これら芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を溶融成型あるいは溶液成型して得られる支持体の厚さは2〜80μmであり、特に好ましくは3〜10μmである。得られた支持体の最大表面粗さは(Rmax)の値(JIS B0601(1976)、ASA B46−1(1962))で0.1μm以下であることが、得られた磁気記録媒体のノイズが小さくなるので好ましい。
また、本発明の磁気記録媒体における芳香族ポリアミドからなる非磁性支持体の好ましい厚みは、3〜80μmである。
【0023】
下塗り層を形成した芳香族ポリアミド樹脂製支持体上には、磁性塗料を塗布するが、磁性層を多層で形成したり、磁性層、非磁性である下層の多層を形成する場合には、同時多層塗布、逐次多層塗布等を行ってもよい。
【0024】
本発明で使用する強磁性粉末は、特に鉄、コバルトあるいはニッケルを含む強磁性金属粉末を用いるとその効果が顕著であって、α−Fe、Co、Ni、Fe−Co合金、Fe−Co−Ni合金、Fe−Co−Ni−P合金、Fe−Co−Ni−B合金、Fe−Ni−Zn合金、Ni−Co合金、Co−Ni−Fe合金などの強磁性金属粉末が好ましい。
【0025】
これらの強磁性金属粉末の形状は特に制限はなく、通常は、針状、粒状、サイコロ状、米粒状および板状のものなどが使用される。粒子サイズは、針状の場合は、0.05〜0.5μm、好ましくは0.05〜0.3μm、特に好ましくは0.10〜0.25μmの長軸長で、長軸長/短軸長は2/1〜25/1、好ましくは3/1〜15/1、特に好ましくは4/1〜12/1であり、板状の場合は、板径は、0.02〜0.20μm、好ましくは0.03〜0.10μm、特に好ましくは0.04〜0.07μmで、板径/板厚は、1/1〜30/1、好ましくは2/1〜10/1、特に好ましくは2.5〜7/1である。
【0026】
また、これらの強磁性金属粉末の比表面積(比表面積SBET)は、47〜80m2/g、より好ましくは53〜70m2/g、抗磁力(Hc)は、1250〜2500Oe、飽和磁化(σS)は、100〜180emu/g、好ましくは110〜150emu/gである。含水率は、0.1〜2.0重量%、pHは3〜11(5g強磁性粉末/100g水)が好ましい。これらの強磁性金属粉末の表面に、後で述べる防錆剤、表面処理剤、分散剤、潤滑剤、帯電防止剤等を分散に先立って溶剤中で含浸させて吸着させてもよい。
【0027】
また、強磁性金属粉末は、金属分として60重量%以上であり、そして金属分の70重量%以上が少なくとも1種類の強磁性金属粉末あるいは合金、例えば、Fe、Fe−Co、Fe−Co−Ni、Co、Ni、Fe−Ni、Co−Ni、Co−Ni−Feであり、該金属分の40重量%以下、より好ましくは20重量%以下の範囲で他の成分、例えば、Al、Si、S、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Cu、Zn、Y、Mo、Rh、Pd、Ag、Sn、Sb、Te、Ba、Ta、W、Re、Au、Pb、Bi、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、B、Pを含むことのある合金や、窒化鉄や炭化鉄等を挙げることができる。
【0028】
とくに、イットリウムを含むFe、Fe−Co、Fe−Ni、Co−Ni−Feが挙げられ、強磁性粉末中のイットリウム含有量は、Y/Feは0.5原子%〜20原子%が好ましく、更に好ましくは、5〜10原子%である。0.5原子%よりも少ないと強磁性粉末の高σS化できないために磁気特性が低下し、電磁変換特性が低下する。20原子%よりも大きいと鉄の含有量が少なくなるので磁気特性が低下し、電磁変換特性が低下する。さらに、鉄100原子%に対して20原子%以下の範囲内で、アルミニウム、ケイ素、硫黄、スカンジウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、銅、亜鉛、モリブデン、ロジウム、パラジウム、金、錫、アンチモン、ホウ素、バリウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、金、鉛、リン、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、テルル、ビスマス等を含むことができる。また、強磁性金属粉末が少量の水、水酸化物または酸化物を含むものなどであってもよい。
【0029】
本発明の強磁性粉末には、イットリウム以外にもネオジム、サマリウム、プラセオジム、ランタン等を導入することができる。これらは、塩化イットリウム、塩化ネオジム、塩化サマリウム、塩化プラセオジム、塩化ランタン等の塩化物、硝酸ネオジム、硝酸ガドリニウム等の硝酸塩などを用いて導入することができ、これらは、二種以上を併用しても良い。
上記の樹脂成分、硬化剤および強磁性粉末を、通常磁性塗料の調製の際に使用されているメチルエチルケトン、ジオキサン、シクロヘキサノン、酢酸エチル等の溶剤と共に混練分散して磁性塗料とする。混練分散は通常の方法に従って行うことができる。
なお、磁性塗料中には、上記成分以外に、α−Al2O3、Cr2O3等の研磨剤、カーボンブラック等の帯電防止剤、脂肪酸、脂肪酸エステル、シリコーンオイル等の潤滑剤、分散剤など通常使用されている添加剤あるいは充填剤を含むものであってもよい。
特にこの中で金属鉄の強度を補うためにAl、Si、Crを単独ないし混合して表層に設けることが望ましい。また、上記強磁性金属粉末が少量の水酸化物または酸化物、NaまたはK等のアルカリ金属元素、Mg、Ca、Sr等のアルカリ土類金属元素を含むものなどであってもよい。
【0030】
特に、本発明において、強磁性粉末として用いられる強磁性合金粉末の製造方法の例としては、下記の方法を挙げることができる。
(a)複合有機酸塩(主としてシュウ酸塩)を水素などの還元性気体で還元する方法:(b)酸化鉄を水素などの還元性気体で還元してFeあるいはFe−Co粒子などを得る方法:(c)金属カルボニル化合物を熱分解する方法:(d)強磁性金属の水溶液に水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、次亜リン酸塩あるいはヒドラジンなどの還元剤を添加して還元する方法:(e)水銀陰極を用い強磁性金属粉末を電解析出させたのち水銀と分離する方法:(f)金属を低圧の不活性気体中で蒸発させて微粉末を得る方法:また本発明に使用する強磁性粉末としては、板状六方晶のバリウムフェライトも使用できる。バリウムフェライトの粒子サイズは約0.001〜1ミクロンの直径で厚みが直径の1/2〜1/20である。バリウムフェライトの比重は4〜6g/ccで、比表面積は1m2/g〜70m2/gである。
また、FeOX (X=1.33〜1.50)、Co含有FeOX 等を使用することもできる。
【0031】
本発明の、磁性層と下塗り層を形成した非磁性支持体の間に非磁性の下層を形成する場合には、下層に用いられる無機粉末は、強磁性粉末、非磁性粉末を問わない。例えば非磁性粉末の場合、金属酸化物、金属炭酸塩、金属硫酸塩、金属窒化物、金属炭化物、金属硫化物、等の無機質化合物から選択することができる。無機化合物としては例えばα化率90〜100%のα−アルミナ、β−アルミナ、γ−アルミナ、炭化ケイ素、酸化クロム、酸化セリウム、α−酸化鉄、コランダム、窒化珪素、チタンカ−バイト、酸化チタン、二酸化珪素、酸化すず、酸化マグネシウム、酸化タングステン、酸化ジルコニウム、窒化ホウ素、酸化亜鉛、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、二硫化モリブデンなどが単独または組合せで使用される。特に好ましいのは二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、硫酸バリウムであり、更に好ましいのは二酸化チタンである。これら非磁性粉末の平均粒径は0.005〜2μmが好ましいが、必要に応じて平均粒径の異なる非磁性粉末を組み合わせたり、単独の非磁性粉末でも粒径分布を広くして同様の効果をもたせることもできる。とりわけ好ましいのは非磁性粉末の平均粒径は0.01μm〜0.2μmである。非磁性粉末のpHは6〜9の間が特に好ましい。非磁性粉末の比表面積は1〜100m2/g、好ましくは5〜50m2/g、更に好ましくは7〜40m2/gである。非磁性粉末の結晶子サイズは0.01μm〜2μmが好ましい。DBPを用いた吸油量は5〜100ml/100g、好ましくは10〜80ml/100g、更に好ましくは20〜60ml/100gである。比重は1〜12、好ましくは3〜6である。形状は針状、球状、多面体状、板状のいずれでも良い。 これらの非磁性粉末の表面にはAl2O3、SiO2、TiO2、ZrO2、 SnO2、Sb2O3 、ZnOなどが存在することが好ましい。特に分散性に好ましいのはAl2O3、SiO2、TiO2、ZrO2であるが、更に好ましいのはAl2O3、SiO2、ZrO2 である。これらは組み合わせて使用しても良いし、単独で用いることもできる。また、目的に応じて共沈させた表面処理層を用いても良いし、先ずアルミナで処理した後にその表層をシリカで処理する方法、またはその逆の方法を採ることもできる。また、表面処理層は目的に応じて多孔質層にしても構わないが、均質で密である方が一般には好ましい。
【0032】
下層にカ−ボンブラックを混合させて公知の効果であるRsを下げることができるとともに、所望のマイクロビッカース硬度を得る事ができる。このためにはゴム用ファ−ネスブラック、ゴム用サ−マルブラック、カラ−用カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック等を用いることができる。
カ−ボンブラックの比表面積は100〜500m2/g、好ましくは150〜400m2/g、DBP吸油量は20〜400ml/100g、好ましくは30〜200ml/100gである。カ−ボンブラックの平均粒径は5mμ〜80mμ、好ましく10〜50mμ、さらに好ましくは10〜40mμである。カ−ボンブラックのpHは2〜10、含水率は0.1〜10%、タップ密度は0.1〜1g/ml、が好ましい。本発明に用いられるカ−ボンブラックの具体的な例としてはキャボット社製、BLACKPEARLS 2000、1300、1000、900、800,880,700、VULCAN XC−72、三菱化成工業社製、#3050B,3150B,3250B、#3750B、#3950B、#950、#650B,#970B、#850B、MA−600、コロンビアカ−ボン社製、CONDUCTEX SC、RAVEN 8800,8000,7000,5750,5250,3500,2100,2000,1800,1500,1255,1250、アクゾー社製ケッチェンブラックECなどが挙げられる。
【0033】
本発明の下層にはまた、磁性層の磁気記録に影響を与えない程度の量あるいは磁性強度の強磁性粉末を用いることもできる。強磁性粉末としては、γ−Fe2O3、Co変性γ−Fe2O3、α−Feを主成分とする合金、CrO2等が用いられる。特に、Co変性γ−Fe2O3が好ましい。
【0034】
また、本発明の磁性層、下層、バックコート層に使用される結合剤の樹脂成分としては、従来公知の熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂、反応型樹脂、電子線硬化型樹脂、紫外線硬化型樹脂、可視光線硬化型樹脂やこれらの混合物が使用される。
【0035】
熱可塑性樹脂としては軟化温度が150℃以下、数平均分子量が10000〜300000、重合度が約50〜2000程度のもので、より好ましくは200〜600程度であり、例えば塩化ビニル酢酸ビニル共重合体、塩化ビニル重合体、塩化ビニル酢酸ビニルビニルアルコール共重合体、塩化ビニル塩化ビニリデン共重合体、塩化ビニルアクリロニトリル共重合体、アクリル酸エステルアクリロニトリル共重合体、アクリル酸エステル塩化ビニリデン共重合体、アクリル酸エステルスチレン共重合体、メタクリル酸エステルアクリロニトリル共重合体、メタクリル酸エステル塩化ビニリデン共重合体、メタクリル酸エステルスチレン共重合体、ウレタンエラストマー、ナイロン−シリコン系樹脂、ニトロセルロース−ポリアミド樹脂、ポリフッ素化ビニル、塩化ビニリデンアクリロニトリル共重合体、ブタジエンアクリロニトリル共重合体、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリビニルブチラール、セルロース誘導体(セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースダイアセテート、セルローストリアセテート、セルロースプロピオネート、ニトロセルロース、エチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、プロピルセルロース、メチルエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アセチルセルロース等)、スチレンブタジエン共重合体、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、クロロビニルエーテルアクリル酸エステル共重合体、アミノ樹脂、各種の合成ゴム系の熱可塑性樹脂及びこれらの混合物等が使用される。
【0036】
熱硬化性樹脂又は反応型樹脂としては塗布液の状態では200000以下の分子量であり、塗布、乾燥後に加熱加湿することにより、縮合、付加等の反応により分子量は無限大のものとなる。また、これらの樹脂のなかで、樹脂が熱分解するまでの間に軟化又は溶融しないものが好ましい。具体的には例えばフェノール樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタンポリカーボネート樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、シリコン樹脂、アクリル系反応樹脂(電子線硬化樹脂)、エポキシ−ポリアミド樹脂、ニトロセルロースメラミン樹脂、高分子量ポリエステル樹脂とイソシアネートプレポリマーの混合物、メタクリル酸塩共重合体とジイソシアネートプレポリマーの混合物、ポリエステルポリオールとポリイソシアネートとの混合物、尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、低分子量グリコール/高分子量ジオール/トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネートの混合物、ポリアミン樹脂、ポリイミン樹脂及びこれらの混合物等である。
【0037】
これらの熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂、反応型樹脂は、主たる官能基以外に官能基としてカルボン酸、スルフィン酸、スルフェン酸、スルホン酸、リン酸、ホスホン酸、硫酸およびこれらのエステル基等の酸性基あるいは水素をアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、炭化水素基で置換したものであっても良い。アミノ酸類、アミノスルホン酸類、アミノアルコールの硫酸またはリン酸エステル類、アルキルベタイン型等の両性類基、アミノ基、イミノ基、イミド基、アミド基等また、水酸基、アルコキシル基、チオール基、アルキルチオ基、ハロゲン基、シリル基、シロキサン基、エポキシ基、イソシアナト基、シアノ基、ニトリル基、オキソ基、アクリル基、ホスフィン基を通常1種以上6種以内含み、各々の官能基は樹脂1gあたり1×10-6当量〜1×10-2当量含むことが好ましい。
【0038】
硬化剤としては、通常はポリイソシアネート化合物が使用される。本発明の磁性層、バックコート層に用いるポリイソシアネート化合物としては、2,4−トリレンジイソシアネート、2,6−トリレンジイソシアネート、キシレン−1,4−ジイソシアネート、キシレン−1,3−ジイソシアネート、4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、4,4−ジフェニルエーテルジイソシアネート、2−ニトロジフェニル−4.4’−ジイソシアネート、2,2’−ジフェニルプロパン−4,4’−ジイソシアネート、4,4’−ジフェニルプロパンジイソシアネート、m−フェニレンジイソシアネート、p−フェニレンジイソシアネート、ナフチレン−1,4−ジイソシアネート、ナフチレン−1,5−ジイソシアネート、3,3’−ジメトキシジフェニル−4,4’−ジイソシアネート等の芳香族ジイソシアネート、テトラメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート等の脂肪族ジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート、水添化トリレンジイソシアネート、水添化ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート等の脂環族ジイソシアネート等を挙げることができる。
【0039】
イソシアネート類とポリアルコールとの生成物、イソシアネート類の縮合に依って生成した2〜10量体のポリイソシアネート、またはトリイソシアネートとポリウレタンとの生成物で末端官能基がイソシアネートであるもの等を使用することができる。これらポリイソシアネート類の平均分子量は、100〜20000のものが好適である。これらポリイソシアネート化合物の市販されている商品名としては、コロネートL、コロネートHL、コロネート2030、コロネート2031、ミリオネートMR、ミリオネートMTL(日本ポリウレタン、タケネートD−102、タケネートD−110N、タケネートD−200、タケネートD−202、タケネート300S、タケネート500(武田薬品)、スミジュールT−80、スミジュール44S、スミジュールPF、スミジュールL、スミジュールN、デスモジュールL、デスモジュールIL、デスモジュールN、デスモジュールHL、デスモジュールT65、デスモジュール15、デスモジュールR、デスモジュールRF、デスモジュールSL、デスモジュールZ4273(住友バイエル製)等があり、これらを単独若しくは硬化反応性の差を利用して二つもしくはそれ以上の組み合わせによって使用することができる。又、硬化反応を促進する目的で、水酸基(ブタンジオール、ヘキサンジオール、分子量が1000〜10000のポリウレタン、水等)、アミノ基(モノメチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン等)を有する化合物や金属酸化物の触媒を併用する事も出来る。これらの水酸基やアミノ基を有する化合物は多官能である事が望ましい。これらのポリイソシアネートは磁性層、バックコート層ともに結合剤樹脂とポリイソシアネートの総量100重量部あたり2〜70重量部で使用することが好ましく、より好ましくは5〜50重量部である。これらの例示は、特開昭60−131622号公報、特開昭61−74138号公報等において示されている。
【0040】
これらの結合剤の単独又は組合わされたものが使われ、ほかに添加剤が加えられる。磁性層の強磁性粉末と結合剤との混合割合は重量比で強磁性粉末100重量部に対して結合剤5〜300重量部の範囲で使用される。バックコート層の粉末と結合剤の混合割合は重量比で粉末100重量部に対して結合剤8〜400重量部の範囲で使用される。添加剤としては、カーボンブラック、研磨剤、潤滑剤、分散剤・分散助剤、防黴剤、帯電防止剤、酸化防止剤、溶剤等が加えられる。
【0041】
本発明の磁性層とバックコート層に使用されるカーボンブラックとしてはゴム用ファーネス、ゴム用サーマル、カラー用ブラック、アセチレンブラック等を用いることができる。これらカーボンブラックはテープの帯電防止、遮光、摩擦係数調節、耐久性向上等を目的として使用される。本発明に使用されるこれらカーボンブラックの平均粒子サイズは5 〜1000nm(電子顕微鏡法)、窒素吸着法比表面積は1〜800m2/g、pHは4〜11(JIS規格K−6221−1982)、ジブチルフタレート(DBP)吸油量は10〜800ml/100g(JIS 規格K−6221−1982)である。本発明に使用されるカーボンブラックのサイズは、塗布膜の表面電気抵抗を下げる目的で5〜100nmのカーボンブラックを、また塗布膜の強度を制御するときに50〜1000nmのカーボンブラックを使用することができる。また塗布膜の表面粗さを制御する目的でスペーシングロス減少のための平滑化のためにより微粒子のカーボンブラック(100nm未満)を、粗面化して摩擦係数を下げる目的で粗粒子のカーボンブラック(100nm以上)を用いる。このようにカーボンブラックの種類と添加量は磁気記録媒体に要求される目的に応じて使い分けられる。
【0042】
また、これらのカーボンブラックを、後述の分散剤などで表面処理したり、樹脂でグラフト化して使用してもよい。また、カーボンブラックを製造するときの炉の温度を2000℃以上で処理して表面の一部をグラファイト化したものも使用できる。また、特殊なカーボンブラックとして中空カーボンブラックを使用することもできる。
これらのカーボンブラックは磁性層の場合、強磁性粉末100重量部に対して0.1〜30重量部で用いることが望ましく、また、バックコート層の場合は、樹脂100重量部に対し20〜400重量部で用いることが望ましい。
【0043】
本発明の磁性層およびバックコート層に使用される研磨剤は磁気記録媒体の耐久性やビデオテープレコーダのヘッドクリーニング効果を向上させるために用いられ、一般的に研磨作用もしくは琢磨作用をもつ材料で、α−アルミナ、γ−アルミナ、α,γ−アルミナ、熔融アルミナ、炭化ケイ素、酸化クロム、酸化セリウム、コランダム、人造ダイヤモンド、α−酸化鉄、ザクロ石、エメリー、ガーネット、ケイ石、窒化ケイ素、窒化ホウ素、炭化モリブデン、炭化ホウ素、炭化タングステン、チタンカーバイド、クオーツ、トリポリ、ケイ藻土、ドロマイト等で、主としてモース硬度6以上、より好ましくはモース硬度8以上の材料が1種ないし4種までの組合わせで使用される。これらの研磨剤は平均粒子サイズが0.005〜5μmの大きさのものが使用され、特に好ましくは0.01〜2μmである。これらの研磨剤は磁性層の場合、強磁性粉末100重量部に対して0.01〜20重量部の範囲で添加される。また、バックコート層の場合、後述する樹脂100重量部に対して0.01〜5重量部で用いることが望ましい。これらの具体例としては、住友化学製のAKP1、AKP15、AKP20、AKP30、AKP50、AKP80、Hit50、Hit100等が挙げられる。これらについては特公昭52−28642号公報等に記載されている。
【0044】
本発明の磁性層とバックコート層に使用される粉末状潤滑剤としては、グラファイト、二硫化モリブデン、窒化ホウ素、フッ化黒鉛、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、酸化珪素、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化錫、二硫化タングステン等の無機微粉末、アクリルスチレン系樹脂微粉末、ベンゾグアナミン系樹脂微粉末、メラミン系樹脂微粉末、ポリオレフィン系樹脂微粉末、ポリエステル系樹脂微粉末、ポリアミド系樹脂微粉末、ポリイミド系樹脂微粉末、フッ素樹脂微粉末等の樹脂微粉末等がある。
【0045】
また有機化合物系潤滑剤としては、シリコンオイル(ジアルキルポリシロキサン、ジアルコキシポリシロキサン、フェニルポリシロキサン、フルオロアルキルポリシロキサン(信越化学製KF96、KF69等)、脂肪酸変性シリコンオイル、フッ素アルコール、ポリオレフィン(ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレン等)、ポリグリコール(エチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキシドワックス等)、テトラフルオロエチレンオキシドワックス、ポリテトラフルオログリコール、パーフルオロアルキルエーテル、パーフルオロ脂肪酸、パーフルオロ脂肪酸エステル、パーフルオロアルキル硫酸エステル、パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸エステル、パーフルオロアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸エステル、パーフルオロアルキル燐酸エステル等のフッ素や珪素を導入した化合物、アルキル硫酸エステル、アルキルスルホン酸エステル、アルキルホスホン酸トリエステル、アルキルホスホン酸モノエステル、アルキルホスホン酸ジエステル、アルキル燐酸エステル、琥珀酸エステル等の有機酸および有機酸エステル化合物、トリアザインドリジン、テトラアザインデン、ベンゾトリアゾール、ベンゾジアゾール、EDTA等の窒素、硫黄を含む複素(ヘテロ)環化合物、炭素数10〜40の一塩基性脂肪酸と炭素数2〜40個の一価のアルコールもしくは二価のアルコール、三価のアルコール、四価のアルコール、六価のアルコールのいずれか1つもしくは2つ以上とから成る脂肪酸エステル類、炭素数10個以上の一塩基性脂肪酸と該脂肪酸の炭素数と合計して炭素数が11〜70個と成る一価〜六価のアルコールから成る脂肪酸エステル類、炭素数8〜40の脂肪酸或いは脂肪酸アミド類、脂肪酸アルキルアミド類、脂肪族アルコール類も使用できる。
【0046】
これら化合物の具体的な例としては、カプリル酸ブチル、カプリル酸オクチル、ラウリン酸エチル、ラウリン酸ブチル、ラウリン酸オクチル、ミリスチン酸エチル、ミリスチン酸ブチル、ミリスチン酸オクチル、ミリスチン酸2エチルヘキシル、パルミチン酸エチル、パルミチン酸ブチル、パルミチン酸オクチル、パルミチン酸2エチルヘキシル、ステアリン酸エチル、ステアリン酸ブチル、ステアリン酸イソブチル、ステアリン酸オクチル、ステアリン酸2エチルヘキシル、ステアリン酸アミル、ステアリン酸イソアミル、ステアリン酸2エチルペンチル、ステアリン酸2ヘキシルデシル、ステアリン酸イソトリデシル、ステアリン酸アミド、ステアリン酸アルキルアミド、ステアリン酸ブトキシエチル、アンヒドロソルビタンモノステアレート、アンヒドロソルビタンジステアレート、アンヒドロソルビタントリステアレート、アンヒドロソルビタンテトラステアレート、オレイルオレート、オレイルアルコール、ラウリルアルコール、モンタンワックス、カルナバワックス等が有り単独若しくは組合わせ使用出来る。
【0047】
また本発明に使用される潤滑剤としては潤滑油添加剤も単独若しくは組合わせで使用することができ、防錆剤として知られている酸化防止剤(アルキルフェノール、ベンゾトリアジン、テトラアザインデン、スルファミド、グアニジン、核酸、ピリジン、アミン、ヒドロキノン、EDTA等の金属キレート剤)、錆どめ剤(ナフテン酸、アルケニルコハク酸、リン酸、ジラウリルホスフェート等)、油性剤(ナタネ油、ラウリルアルコール等)、極圧剤(ジベンジルスルフィド、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリブチルホスファイト等)、清浄分散剤、粘度指数向上剤、流動点降下剤、泡どめ剤等がある。これらの潤滑剤は結合剤100重量部に対して0.01〜30重量部の範囲で添加される。
【0048】
本発明に使用する分散剤、分散助剤としては、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、ステアロール酸、ベヘン酸、マレイン酸、フタル酸等の炭素数2〜40個の脂肪酸(R1COOH、R1は炭素数1〜39個のアルキル基、フェニル基、アラルキル基)、前記の脂肪酸のアルカリ金属(Li、Na、K等)またはアルカリ土類金属(Mg、Ca、Ba等)、NH4+ 、Cu、Pb等から成る金属石鹸(オレイン酸銅)、脂肪酸アミド;レシチン(大豆油レシチン)等が使用される。この他に炭素数4〜40の高級アルコール(ブタノール、オクチルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール)及びこれらの硫酸エステル、スルホン酸、フェニルスルホン酸、アルキルスルホン酸、スルホン酸エステル、リン酸モノエステル、リン酸ジエステル、リン酸トリエステル、アルキルホスホン酸、フェニルホスホン酸、アミン化合物等も使用可能である。また、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキサイド、スルホコハク酸、スルホコハク酸金属塩、スルホコハク酸エステル等も使用可能である。これらの分散剤は通常一種類以上で用いられ、一種類の分散剤は結合剤100重量部に対して0.005〜20重量部の範囲で添加される。これら分散剤の使用方法は、強磁性粉末や非磁性粉末の表面に予め被着させても良く、また分散途中で添加してもよい。
【0049】
本発明に用いる防黴剤としては、2−(4−チアゾリル)−ベンズイミダゾール、N−(フルオロジクロロメチルチオ)−フタルイミド、10,10′−オキシビスフェノキシサルシン、2,4,5,6−テトラクロロイソフタロニトリル、P−トリルジョードメチルスルホン、トリヨードアリルアルコール、ジヒドロアセト酸、フェニルオレイン酸水銀、酸化ビス(トリブチル錫)、サリチルアニライド等がある。
【0050】
このようなものは、例えば「微生物災害と防止技術」1972年工学図書、「化学と工業」32,904(1979)等に於いて示されている。本発明に用いるカーボンブラック以外の帯電防止剤としてはグラファイト、変性グラファイト、カーボンブラックグラフトポリマー、酸化錫−酸化アンチモン、酸化錫、酸化チタン−酸化錫−酸化アンチモン、等の導電性粉末;サポニン等の天然界面活性剤;アルキレンオキサイド系、グリセリン系、グリシドール系、多価アルコール、多価アルコールエステル、アルキルフェノールEO付加体等のノニオン界面活性剤;高級アルキルアミン類、環状アミン、ヒダントイン誘導体、アミドアミン、エステルアミド、第四級アンモニウム塩類、ピリジンそのほかの複素環類、ホスホニウムまたはスルホニウム類、等のカチオン界面活性剤;カルボン酸、スルホン酸、ホスホン酸、リン酸、硫酸エステル基、ホスホン酸エステル、リン酸エステル基などの酸性基を含むアニオン界面活性剤;アミノ酸類;アミノスルホン酸類、アミノアルコールの硫酸またはリン酸エステル類、アルキルベタイン型等の両性界面活性剤等が使用される。これらの界面活性剤は単独または混合して添加しても良い。また、磁気記録媒体におけるこれらの界面活性剤の使用量は、強磁性粉末100重量部当たり0.01〜10重量部である。また、バックコート層での使用量は結合剤100重量部当たり0.01〜30重量部である。これらは帯電防止剤として用いられるものであるが、時としてそのほかの目的、例えば分散、磁気特性の改良、潤滑性の改良、塗布助剤、湿潤剤、硬化促進剤、分散促進剤として適用される場合もある。
【0051】
磁性層の形成は、通常の方法に従って行うことができる。例えば、上記強磁性粉末および樹脂成分ならびに必要に応じて配合される研磨剤および硬化剤などの磁性層形成成分を溶剤とともに混練分散して磁性塗料を調製し、この磁性塗料を非磁性支持体上に塗布する方法を利用できる。本発明の分散、混練、塗布の際に使用する有機溶媒としては、任意の比率でアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、イソホロン、テトラヒドロフラン等のケトン系;メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、イソブチルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、メチルシクロヘキサノールなどのアルコール系;酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸イソプロピル、乳酸エチル、酢酸グリコールモノエチルエーテル等のエステル系;ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、グリコールジメチルエーテル、グリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジオキサンなどのエーテル系;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、クレゾール、クロルベンゼン、スチレンなどのタール系(芳香族炭化水素);メチレンクロライド、エチレンクロライド、四塩化炭素、クロロホルム、エチレンクロルヒドリン、ジクロルベンゼン等の塩素化炭化水素、N,N−ジメチルホルムアルデヒド、ヘキサン等のものが使用できる。これらの溶媒は通常任意の比率で2種以上で用いる。また1重量%以下の量で微量の不純物(その溶媒自身の重合物、水分、原料成分等)を含んでもよい。これらの溶剤は磁性層形成塗料もしくはバック層形成塗料、下塗液の合計固形分100重量部に対して100〜20000重量部で用いられる。好ましい磁性層形成塗料の固形分率は10〜40重量%である。また、バック層形成塗料の好ましい固形分率は5〜20重量%である。有機溶媒の代わりに水系溶媒(水、アルコール、アセトン等)を使用することもできる。
【0052】
分散、混練の方法には特に制限はなく、また各成分の添加順序(樹脂、粉体、潤滑剤、溶媒等)、分散・混練中の添加位置、分散温度(0〜80℃)などは適宜設定することができる。磁性層形成塗料およびバック層形成塗料の調製には、通常の混練機、例えば、二本ロールミル、三本ロールミル、ボールミル、ペブルミル、トロンミル、サンドグラインダー、ゼグバリ(Szegvari)、アトライター、高速インペラー、分散機、高速ストーンミル、高速度衝撃ミル、ディスパー、ニーダー、高速ミキサー、リボンブレンダー、コニーダー、インテンシブミキサー、タンブラー、ブレンダー、ディスパーザー、ホモジナイザー、単軸スクリュー押し出し機、二軸スクリュー押し出し機、及び超音波分散機などを用いることができる。通常分散・混練にはこれらの分散・混練機を複数備え、連続的に処理を行う。これら分散、混練の補助材料として分散・混練を効率よく進めるため、球相当径で直径10cm〜0.05mmの径のスチールボール、スチールビーズ、セラミックビーズ、ガラスビーズ、有機ポリマービーズを用いることができる。またこれら材料は球形に限らない。
【0053】
支持体上へ前記の磁性塗料ならびにバック層塗料を塗布する方法としては、塗布液の粘度を1〜20000センチストークス(25℃)に調製し、エアードクターコート、ブレードコート、エアナイフコート、スクイズコート、含浸コート、リバースロールコート、トランスファーロールコート、グラビアコート、キスコート、キャストコート、スプレイコート、ロッドコート、正回転ロールコート、カーテンコート、バーコート、押出しコート、スピンコート等が利用でき、その他の方法も可能であり、これらの具体的説明は浅倉書店発行の「コーテイング工業」253頁〜277頁(昭和46.3.20)に詳細に記載されている。
【0054】
磁性層は、乾燥後の厚さが0.05〜5μmであり、好ましくは0.07〜4μmであることが好ましく、磁性層が未乾燥の状態で、垂直、長手、幅、ランダム、斜め等へ磁場配向処理を施した後乾燥する。
【0055】
また、このようにして乾燥された後、塗布層に必要によりカレンダー処理を行う。カレンダー処理には、例えばスーパーカレンダーロールなどが利用される。カレンダー処理を行うことにより、乾燥時の溶剤の除去によって生じた空孔が減少し磁性層中の強磁性粉末の充填率が向上するので、電磁変換特性の高い磁気記録媒体を得ることができる。
【0056】
本発明においては、このように作製した磁気記録媒体を裁断機等を使用して通常の条件で所望の形状に裁断した後、プラスチックや金属のリールに巻き取る。本発明においては、こうして作製した磁性層の表面、または磁性層の表面およびバックコート層の表面を、巻き取る直前ないしそれ以前の工程において磁気記録媒体(磁性層、バック層、エッジ端面、ベース面)を研磨テープによりバーニッシュ処理を行ってもよい。
【0057】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を実施例により更に具体的に説明する。なお、実施例及び比較例中の部は重量部を示す。
実施例1
(磁性塗料液の調製)
強磁性合金粉末 100部
組成:Fe/Zn/Ni=92/4/4,Hc:2000Oe,
結晶子サイズ:15nm,BET比表面積:59m2/g,
長軸径:0.12μm,針状比:7,σs:140emu/g
ポリウレタン樹脂 10部
(東洋紡績製:UR8200 極性基含有ポリウレタン樹脂)
塩化ビニル系樹脂 8部
(日本ゼオン製:MR110極性基含有塩化ビニル系樹脂)
α−Al2O3(粒子サイズ0.3μm) 2部
カーボンブラック(粒子サイズ 40nm) 2部
シクロヘキサノン 110部
メチルエチルケトン 100部
トルエン 100部
ブチルステアレート 2部
ステアリン酸 1部
上記磁性塗料組成物について、各成分をオープンニーダーで60分間混練した後、サンドミルで120分間分散した。得られた分散液に3官能性低分子量ポリイソシアネート化合物(日本ポリウレタン製コロネート3041)を6部加え、さらに20分間攪拌混合したあと、1μmの平均孔径を有するフィルターを用いて濾過し、磁性塗料液を調製した。
【0058】
厚さ4.5μmの芳香族ポリアミド支持体上に下塗り層としてポリアミドイミド樹脂(東洋紡製バイロマックスMT5050)を固形分2%になるようにエタノール/トルエン=1/1の混合溶剤で希釈して、乾燥厚みで0.1μmになるように塗布乾燥した。
さらに、上記磁性塗料を乾燥後の厚さが2.0μmになるように塗布し、磁性層が未乾燥の状態で3000ガウスの磁石で磁場配向を行ない、さらに乾燥後、金属ロールのみから構成される7段のカレンダーで速度100m/分、線圧300kg/cm、温度90℃で表面平滑化処理を行なった後、70℃で24時間加熱硬化処理を行い、3.8mm幅に裁断し磁気テープを作製した。
【0059】
実施例2
下塗り層で使用する樹脂を表1に示す様に変更して、実施例1と同様の方法で実施例2の磁気テープを作製した。
【0060】
実施例3
(上層磁性塗料液の調整)
強磁性合金粉末 100部
組成:Fe/Zn/Ni=92/4/4,Hc:2000Oe,
結晶子サイズ:15nm,BET比表面積:59m2/g,
長軸径:0.12μm,針状比:7,σs:140emu/g
ポリウレタン樹脂 10部
(東洋紡績製、UR8200:極性基含有ポリウレタン樹脂)
塩化ビニル系樹脂 8部
(日本ゼオン製 MR110、極性基含有塩化ビニル系樹脂)
α−Al2O3(粒子サイズ0.3μm) 2部
カーボンブラック(粒子サイズ 40nm) 2部
シクロヘキサノン 110部
メチルエチルケトン 100部
トルエン 100部
ブチルステアレート 2部
ステアリン酸 1部
(下層用非磁性塗料液の調整)
非磁性無機質粉体 85部
α−酸化鉄、長軸径:0.12μm,針状比:7、
BET表面積 55m2/g、pH6.5
ポリウレタン樹脂 10部
(UR8200:東洋紡績製、極性基含有ポリウレタン樹脂)
塩化ビニル系樹脂 8部
(MR110:日本ゼオン製、極性基含有塩化ビニル系樹脂)
シクロヘキサノン 140部
メチルエチルケトン 170部
ブチルステアレート 2部
ステアリン酸 1部
上層用磁性塗料組成物および下層用非磁性塗料組成物のそれぞれについて、各成分をオープンニーダーで60分間混練した後、サンドミルで120分間分散した。得られた分散液に3官能性低分子量ポリイソシアネート化合物(日本ポリウレタン製 コロネート3041)を6部加え、さらに20分間攪拌混合した後、1μmの平均孔径を有するフィルターを用いて濾過し、磁性塗料および非磁性塗料を調製した。
厚さ4.5μmの芳香族ポリアミド支持体上に得られた非磁性塗料を乾燥後の厚さが1.8μmになるように塗布し、さらにその直後に磁性塗料を乾燥後の厚さが0.2μmになるように同時重層塗布した。両層が未乾燥の状態で3000ガウスの磁石で磁場配向を行ない、さらに乾燥後、金属ロールのみから構成される7段のカレンダーで速度100m/分、線圧300kg/cm、温度90℃で表面平滑化処理を行なった後、70℃で24時間加熱硬化処理を行い、3.8mm幅に裁断し磁気テープを作製した。
【0061】
実施例4
下塗り層に使用する樹脂を表1に示す様に変更して、実施例3と同様の方法で実施例4を作製した。
【0062】
比較例1〜6
厚さ4.5μmの非磁性支持体の種類および下塗り層に使用する樹脂を表1に示すものに変更して、実施例1と同様の方法で比較例1〜6を作製した。
【0063】
比較例7〜13
厚さ4.5μmの非磁性支持体の種類および下塗り層に使用する樹脂を表1に示すものに変更して、実施例1と同様の方法で比較例1〜6を作製した。
【0064】
次いで、実施例および比較例の磁気テープの特性を以下の測定方法によって測定し、測定結果を表1に示す。
〔測定方法〕
(1)密着力:3.8mm幅に裁断した磁気テープの一部を両面接着テープで台紙に貼り、磁気テープの一端を他端と同方向に引っ張ったときの23℃、50%RH環境下での剥離強度を測定した。
(2)磁性層表面粗さ:デジタルオプチカルプロフィルメーター(WYKO製)を用いた光干渉法により得られた中心線平均粗さで表した。
(3)電磁変換特性
出力・出力低下:得られたテープを23℃,50%RHにおいて周波数4.7MHzの信号を記録しこれを再生する。初回再生時の出力を実施例1のテープとの相対的な出力で評価した。
さらに1000回連続繰り返し走行させ、出力を連続して再生し、各試料の1回目の出力を0dBとして出力低下を測定した。
ドロップアウト:得られたテープを23℃,50%RHにおいて周波数2.35MHzの信号を記録しこれを再生する。−16dB以上の出力低下で長さが15μs以上のもののドロップアウト数を1パス走行時を基準に100パス走行後の増加率で表した。
【0065】
【表1】
【0066】
ただし、表において、下塗り剤用樹脂は
MT5050:ポリアミドイミド(東洋紡績製:バイロマックス)
AT8020:ポリアミドイミド(東洋紡績製:バイロマックス)
RV240 :共重合ポリエステル(東洋紡績製:バイロン)
P70 :変性ポリアミド(東レ製:AQ−ナイロン)
を示す。
【0067】
【発明の効果】
非磁性支持体が芳香族ポリアミドの場合に、非磁性支持体と磁性層あるいは非磁性塗布層との間にポリアミドイミド樹脂からなる下塗り層を設けることにより非磁性支持体と磁性層あるいは非磁性塗布層との密着性が向上し塗布層の脱落が防止されドロップアウトの発生も少なく走行耐久性に優れれるとともに磁気記録媒体の表面平滑性が優れることにより高出力が得られる磁気記録媒体を提供できることから、従来方法に比較し顕著な効果が認められる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium in which a magnetic layer in which ferromagnetic powder and a binder are dispersed is provided on a nonmagnetic support, and particularly to a magnetic recording medium having excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristics and durability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Magnetic recording media are widely used as recording tapes, video tapes, floppy disks, and the like. In a magnetic recording medium, a magnetic layer in which ferromagnetic powder is dispersed in a binder is laminated on a nonmagnetic support.
A magnetic recording medium is required to have various characteristics such as electromagnetic conversion characteristics, running durability, and running performance. That is, audio tapes for recording and reproducing music are required to have a higher original sound reproduction capability. Also, video tapes are required to have excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristics such as excellent original picture reproduction capability, and computer recording media are required to have high-reliability and high-density recording characteristics. Yes.
The magnetic recording medium is required to have excellent running durability while having such excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristics. In order to obtain good running durability, an abrasive and a lubricant are generally added to the magnetic layer.
[0003]
Since the medium and the magnetic head are in sliding contact with each other in the apparatus using the magnetic recording medium, the low molecular component in the binder of the magnetic recording medium floats near the surface of the magnetic layer, and the magnetic head is contaminated. There was a problem.
Magnetic head contamination causes deterioration of electromagnetic conversion characteristics. In particular, in high-density recording equipment, the rotation speed of the magnetic head is increasing, and even in a home digital video tape recorder, the rotation speed of the magnetic head is 9600 rotations / minute. Compared with 1800 revolutions / minute for industrial use and 5000 revolutions / minute for business use, the rotational speed is significantly higher, and the sliding speed between the magnetic recording medium and the magnetic head is increased. A small-sized one is used, and there is a demand for improvement in contamination of the magnetic head due to components generated from the magnetic recording medium. Further, even in a magnetic recording medium for high-density recording that is used in place of a floppy disk, a magnetic recording medium having high strength and high reliability is also required.
[0004]
In order to achieve high-density recording, it is necessary to shorten the wavelength of the recording signal and narrow the track of the recording trajectory. For this reason, the ferromagnetic powder is made finer, more highly packed, and the surface of the magnetic recording medium is super smooth. At the same time, it is necessary to shorten the writing time and the reading time to the recording medium, and the rotation speed of the cylinder and the conveyance speed of the magnetic tape are increased. Furthermore, it is required to reduce the thickness of the magnetic recording medium in order to improve the volume density.
[0005]
Conventionally, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate (PEN), etc. have been used as the non-magnetic support. However, as the recording medium becomes thinner, the small-diameter head rotates at a high speed of about 5400-9000 rpm. It becomes very difficult to stably run at a high speed of 20 m / sec or more at the relative speed of the magnetic tape and the head, and there is a tendency that the Rf output decreases and the output fluctuation increases. These reductions in Rf output and output fluctuations are due to the phenomenon that the recording medium is drawn into the head chip mounting window of the cylinder head, etc., resulting in non-uniform contact between the recording medium and the head, resulting in a gap. There is a loss during recording / reproduction, which causes a decrease in output and fluctuation in output.
[0006]
Therefore, it has been proposed to produce a magnetic recording medium using a polyamide resin, which is a synthetic resin having a high strength and a high Young's modulus, as a support for the magnetic recording medium.
[0007]
For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-42890, when a magnetic recording layer is formed on a polyamide support, an amorphous linear saturated polyester is applied as a primer on the polyamide support, and the support and the magnetic layer are formed. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-42891, it is described that a polyurethane elastomer is applied in the same manner. However, depending on the primer, sufficient adhesion can be obtained. The power was not obtained.
[0008]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-38767 discloses that an alcohol-soluble polyamide resin is used as a primer for a support made of an aromatic polyamide resin, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-29148 discloses that a polyamide support is used on a polyamide support. Although it is described that polyamide is used as a primer, the adhesion of the magnetic layer is not sufficient, and the surface property of the magnetic recording medium is not sufficient.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, a magnetic layer formed by dispersing ferromagnetic fine powder and a binder is provided on a nonmagnetic support, or a nonmagnetic coating layer formed by dispersing nonmagnetic powder and a binder is nonmagnetic. The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium in which a magnetic layer is further provided on a support, which improves contact with a head in a recording / reproducing apparatus, maintains high output with little output fluctuation, and is smooth and has low dropout. The medium provides a medium, and the adhesion between the magnetic layer and the nonmagnetic support is high, and even when an aromatic polyamide support excellent in running durability is used, the contact with the head of the recording / reproducing apparatus is good. An object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium having a high volume recording density, and further to provide a magnetic recording medium in which the undercoat layer has a high smoothness, and thus excellent in the smoothness and electromagnetic conversion characteristics of the magnetic layer. is there.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium in which a magnetic layer in which a ferromagnetic powder is dispersed in a binder is provided on a nonmagnetic support, wherein the nonmagnetic support is made of an aromatic polyamide resin, and the nonmagnetic support is provided. A magnetic recording medium in which an undercoat layer made of a polyamideimide resin is formed between a body and the magnetic layer.
The magnetic recording medium may further include a nonmagnetic lower layer between the undercoat layer and the magnetic layer.
In the magnetic recording medium, the aromatic polyamide resin is an aromatic polyamide resin having one or more chemical bonds of terephthalhydrazide, parabenzamide, and paraphenylene terephthalamide as a structural unit.
The undercoat layer is the above-described magnetic recording medium having a thickness of 0.03 to 1.0 μm.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention solves so-called head contact such as fluctuation in recording / reproducing output caused by poor contact between a magnetic recording medium and a head. It is known that the stiffness in the width direction of the recording medium contributes more than the vertical direction per head. Stiffness M is M = Ebd Three / 12 (E is Young's modulus, b is the width of the magnetic tape, and d is the thickness of the magnetic tape), and in order to increase the stiffness in the width direction, the thickness of the magnetic recording medium is constant and the width direction of the base It is effective to increase the Young's modulus by increasing the draw ratio. However, when the film thickness is further increased, it becomes impossible to maintain the stiffness of the recording medium in the optimum region only by increasing the draw ratio.
[0012]
For this reason, aromatic polyamide resins, that is, aramids, have been proposed. When magnetic recording media are produced using these aromatic polyamide supports, the adhesion between the nonmagnetic support and the magnetic layer or the nonmagnetic coating layer is sufficient. In the middle of running, the magnetic layer was slid with the head / running system and peeled off from the edge and the like, causing dropout and running system contamination.
[0013]
Between the non-magnetic support and the magnetic layer or non-magnetic lower layer, an amorphous linear saturated polyester resin alone or an amorphous linear saturated polyester resin and vinylidene chloride acrylonitrile copolymer polyurethane elastomer, alcohol-soluble polyamide resin, etc. However, even with these technologies, it is possible to prevent the tape from being thinned, or the magnetic layer that accompanies a decrease in adhesion, the drop-out caused by peeling / dropping of the lower layer, and contamination of the running system. I couldn't.
[0014]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have determined that a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a nonmagnetic support is formed by combining the nonmagnetic support and the magnetic layer of the magnetic recording medium. It has been found that this can be achieved by a magnetic recording medium by forming an undercoat layer made of a polyamide-imide resin.
[0015]
Further, in the present invention, when a nonmagnetic lower layer formed between the magnetic layer and the nonmagnetic support is provided, the nonmagnetic lower layer is formed only of a substance having no magnetism and is not only a layer, Magnetic material to a magnetic layer formed in an upper layer containing a small amount of ferromagnetic powder or a magnetic powder having a small magnetic strength and having a maximum magnetic flux density (Bm) of 500 gauss or less or a coercive force (Hc) of 300 Oe or less. It also includes a lower layer that has a weak magnetism that does not affect recording and substantially serves as a nonmagnetic layer.
[0016]
As described in Nikkan Kogyo “Polyamide Resin Handbook” and the like, the polyamideimide resin that can be used in the present invention is a method based on a reaction between a low molecular weight polyamide having an amino group at the terminal and an acid anhydride, and an amino acid at the terminal. It is obtained by a method of reacting a low molecular weight polyamic acid having a group with a dibasic chloride; a method of reacting a trimellitic acid derivative and a diamine, or the like.
[0017]
These acid anhydrides, pyromellitic acid-1,4-dimethyl ester, pyromellitic acid tetramethyl ester, pyromellitic acid ethyl ester, 2,3,6,7-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,5,6-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2', 3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2 2,2 ', 6,6'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride or the like; the above-mentioned aromatic diamines of diamines are used.
As a synthesis solvent for polyamic acid, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylmethoxyacetamide, N-methylcaprolactam, dimethylsulfone, tetramethylenesulfone, N-acetyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like are used.
[0018]
The undercoating layer of polyimide amide on the nonmagnetic support can be applied using a solvent in which polyimide amide is dissolved. Specifically, γ-butyrolactone / cyclohexanone = 1/1 mixed solvent, tetrahydrofuran / cyclohexanone = 1/1 mixed solvent, ethanol / toluene = 1/1 mixed solvent, dioxane / cyclopentanone = 1/1 mixed solvent, tetrahydrofuran N-methylpyrrolidone can be mentioned. The concentration of the coating solution is 0.05 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. Moreover, application | coating can be performed by the method similar to application | coating of a magnetic coating material.
[0019]
The preferable thickness of the undercoat layer of the present invention is 0.03-1.0 μm, more preferably 0.05-0.8 μm after drying. If it is thinner than 0.03 μm, the adhesion cannot be secured, and the coating layer will drop off, causing an increase in dropout. If it is thicker than 1.0 μm, the adhesion can be ensured, but the entire magnetic recording medium becomes thick, which is disadvantageous in the case of thinning.
[0020]
The non-magnetic support used in the present invention is an aromatic polyamide resin, which is a polyamide resin mainly composed of one or more chemical bonds of terephthalhydrazide, parabenzamide, and paraphenylene terephthalamide. Since paraphenylene terephthalamide has high molecular rigidity and high molecular regularity and symmetry, the Young's modulus of the obtained support is high.
[0021]
The molecular weight of the aromatic polyamide resin is 10,000 to 100,000. Preferably it is 30000-50000. If the molecular weight is 10,000 or less, the Young's modulus is low, and if it is 100,000 or more, the molding processability is deteriorated.
[0022]
The thickness of the support obtained by melt molding or solution molding of these aromatic polyamide resins is 2 to 80 μm, particularly preferably 3 to 10 μm. The maximum surface roughness of the obtained support is 0.1 μm or less in terms of (Rmax) (JIS B0601 (1976), ASA B46-1 (1962)), and the noise of the obtained magnetic recording medium is Since it becomes small, it is preferable.
The preferred thickness of the nonmagnetic support made of aromatic polyamide in the magnetic recording medium of the present invention is 3 to 80 μm.
[0023]
A magnetic paint is applied on an aromatic polyamide resin support on which an undercoat layer has been formed. However, if a magnetic layer is formed in multiple layers, or a magnetic layer or a non-magnetic lower layer is formed simultaneously, Multilayer coating, sequential multilayer coating, or the like may be performed.
[0024]
The effect of the ferromagnetic powder used in the present invention is particularly remarkable when a ferromagnetic metal powder containing iron, cobalt or nickel is used. Α-Fe, Co, Ni, Fe—Co alloy, Fe—Co— Ferromagnetic metal powders such as Ni alloys, Fe-Co-Ni-P alloys, Fe-Co-Ni-B alloys, Fe-Ni-Zn alloys, Ni-Co alloys, Co-Ni-Fe alloys are preferred.
[0025]
The shape of these ferromagnetic metal powders is not particularly limited, and usually, needle-shaped, granular, dice-shaped, rice-grained and plate-shaped ones are used. When the particle size is needle-shaped, the major axis length is 0.05 to 0.5 μm, preferably 0.05 to 0.3 μm, and particularly preferably 0.10 to 0.25 μm. The length is 2/1 to 25/1, preferably 3/1 to 15/1, particularly preferably 4/1 to 12/1. In the case of a plate shape, the plate diameter is 0.02 to 0.20 μm. The plate diameter / plate thickness is 1/1 to 30/1, preferably 2/1 to 10/1, particularly preferably 0.03 to 0.10 μm, particularly preferably 0.04 to 0.07 μm. Is 2.5 to 7/1.
[0026]
Moreover, the specific surface area (specific surface area SBET) of these ferromagnetic metal powders is 47 to 80 m. 2 / G, more preferably 53 to 70 m 2 / G, the coercive force (Hc) is 1250 to 2500 Oe, and the saturation magnetization (σS) is 100 to 180 emu / g, preferably 110 to 150 emu / g. The water content is preferably 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and the pH is preferably 3 to 11 (5 g ferromagnetic powder / 100 g water). The surface of these ferromagnetic metal powders may be impregnated and adsorbed with a rust preventive agent, surface treatment agent, dispersant, lubricant, antistatic agent, etc., which will be described later, in a solvent prior to dispersion.
[0027]
The ferromagnetic metal powder has a metal content of 60% by weight or more, and 70% by weight or more of the metal content is at least one type of ferromagnetic metal powder or alloy, for example, Fe, Fe—Co, Fe—Co—. Ni, Co, Ni, Fe-Ni, Co-Ni, Co-Ni-Fe, and other components such as Al, Si within the range of 40 wt% or less, more preferably 20 wt% or less of the metal content. , S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Y, Mo, Rh, Pd, Ag, Sn, Sb, Te, Ba, Ta, W, Re, Au, Pb, Bi, La, Ce , Pr, Nd, B, and an alloy that may contain P, iron nitride, iron carbide, and the like.
[0028]
In particular, Fe, Fe—Co, Fe—Ni, and Co—Ni—Fe containing yttrium are mentioned, and the yttrium content in the ferromagnetic powder is preferably 0.5 atom% to 20 atom% for Y / Fe, More preferably, it is 5 to 10 atomic%. If it is less than 0.5 atomic%, the ferromagnetic powder cannot be increased in σS, so that the magnetic characteristics are lowered and the electromagnetic conversion characteristics are lowered. If it is larger than 20 atomic%, the iron content decreases, so that the magnetic properties are lowered and the electromagnetic conversion properties are lowered. Further, within a range of 20 atomic% or less with respect to 100 atomic% of iron, aluminum, silicon, sulfur, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, rhodium, palladium, gold, tin, antimony, Boron, barium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, gold, lead, phosphorus, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, tellurium, bismuth, and the like can be included. Further, the ferromagnetic metal powder may contain a small amount of water, hydroxide or oxide.
[0029]
In addition to yttrium, neodymium, samarium, praseodymium, lanthanum, and the like can be introduced into the ferromagnetic powder of the present invention. These can be introduced using chlorides such as yttrium chloride, neodymium chloride, samarium chloride, praseodymium chloride, lanthanum chloride, nitrates such as neodymium nitrate and gadolinium nitrate, and these are used in combination of two or more. Also good.
The above resin component, curing agent, and ferromagnetic powder are kneaded and dispersed together with a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, cyclohexanone, and ethyl acetate, which are usually used in the preparation of a magnetic coating material to obtain a magnetic coating material. The kneading and dispersing can be performed according to a usual method.
In addition to the above components, α-Al 2 O Three , Cr 2 O Three It may contain a commonly used additive or filler such as a polishing agent such as carbon black, an antistatic agent such as carbon black, a lubricant such as fatty acid, fatty acid ester and silicone oil, and a dispersant.
In particular, in order to supplement the strength of metallic iron, it is desirable that Al, Si, and Cr are provided alone or mixed in the surface layer. The ferromagnetic metal powder may contain a small amount of hydroxide or oxide, an alkali metal element such as Na or K, or an alkaline earth metal element such as Mg, Ca, or Sr.
[0030]
In particular, in the present invention, examples of the method for producing the ferromagnetic alloy powder used as the ferromagnetic powder include the following methods.
(A) A method of reducing a complex organic acid salt (mainly oxalate) with a reducing gas such as hydrogen: (b) Fe or Fe—Co particles are obtained by reducing iron oxide with a reducing gas such as hydrogen. Method: (c) Method of thermally decomposing metal carbonyl compound: (d) Method of reducing by adding a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride, hypophosphite or hydrazine to an aqueous solution of ferromagnetic metal: (e) Method of electrolytically depositing ferromagnetic metal powder using mercury cathode and separating it from mercury: (f) Method of obtaining fine powder by evaporating metal in low-pressure inert gas: Ferromagnetic used in the present invention As the powder, plate-shaped hexagonal barium ferrite can also be used. Barium ferrite has a particle size of about 0.001 to 1 micron and a thickness of 1/2 to 1/20 of the diameter. The specific gravity of barium ferrite is 4-6g / cc and the specific surface area is 1m. 2 / G-70m 2 / G.
FeO X (X = 1.33 to 1.50), Co-containing FeO X Etc. can also be used.
[0031]
In the case of forming a nonmagnetic lower layer between the magnetic layer and the nonmagnetic support of the present invention, the inorganic powder used for the lower layer may be either a ferromagnetic powder or a nonmagnetic powder. For example, in the case of non-magnetic powder, it can be selected from inorganic compounds such as metal oxide, metal carbonate, metal sulfate, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal sulfide and the like. Examples of inorganic compounds include α-alumina, β-alumina, γ-alumina, α-alumina, 90 to 100%, silicon carbide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, α-iron oxide, corundum, silicon nitride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide. , Silicon dioxide, tin oxide, magnesium oxide, tungsten oxide, zirconium oxide, boron nitride, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, molybdenum disulfide and the like are used alone or in combination. Particularly preferred are titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide and barium sulfate, and more preferred is titanium dioxide. The average particle size of these non-magnetic powders is preferably 0.005 to 2 μm, but if necessary, non-magnetic powders having different average particle sizes can be combined, or even a single non-magnetic powder can have a similar particle size distribution. Can also be given. The average particle size of the nonmagnetic powder is particularly preferably 0.01 μm to 0.2 μm. The pH of the nonmagnetic powder is particularly preferably between 6 and 9. Specific surface area of non-magnetic powder is 1-100m 2 / G, preferably 5-50m 2 / G, more preferably 7 to 40 m 2 / G. The crystallite size of the nonmagnetic powder is preferably 0.01 μm to 2 μm. The oil absorption using DBP is 5 to 100 ml / 100 g, preferably 10 to 80 ml / 100 g, more preferably 20 to 60 ml / 100 g. The specific gravity is 1 to 12, preferably 3 to 6. The shape may be any of a needle shape, a spherical shape, a polyhedron shape, and a plate shape. The surface of these nonmagnetic powders is Al. 2 O Three , SiO 2 TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , SnO 2 , Sb 2 O Three , ZnO and the like are preferably present. Particularly preferred for dispersibility is Al. 2 O Three , SiO 2 TiO 2 , ZrO 2 More preferred is Al 2 O Three , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 It is. These may be used in combination or may be used alone. Further, a surface-treated layer co-precipitated according to the purpose may be used, or a method of first treating with alumina and then treating the surface layer with silica, or vice versa. The surface treatment layer may be a porous layer depending on the purpose, but it is generally preferable that the surface treatment layer is homogeneous and dense.
[0032]
Carbon black can be mixed in the lower layer to lower Rs, which is a known effect, and a desired micro Vickers hardness can be obtained. For this purpose, furnace black for rubber, thermal black for rubber, carbon black for color, acetylene black and the like can be used.
The specific surface area of carbon black is 100-500m 2 / G, preferably 150-400m 2 / G, DBP oil absorption is 20 to 400 ml / 100 g, preferably 30 to 200 ml / 100 g. The average particle size of carbon black is 5 to 80 mμ, preferably 10 to 50 mμ, and more preferably 10 to 40 mμ. Carbon black preferably has a pH of 2 to 10, a water content of 0.1 to 10%, and a tap density of 0.1 to 1 g / ml. Specific examples of carbon black used in the present invention include Cabot Corporation, BLACKPEARLS 2000, 1300, 1000, 900, 800, 880, 700, VULCAN XC-72, Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., # 3050B, 3150B. , 3250B, # 3750B, # 3950B, # 950, # 650B, # 970B, # 850B, MA-600, manufactured by Columbia Carbon, CONDUCTEX SC, RAVEN 8800,8000,7000,5750,5250,3500,2100, Examples include 2000,1800,1500,1255,1250, and Ketchen Black EC manufactured by Akzo.
[0033]
In the lower layer of the present invention, a ferromagnetic powder having an amount or magnetic strength that does not affect the magnetic recording of the magnetic layer can also be used. As the ferromagnetic powder, γ-Fe 2 O Three Co-modified γ-Fe 2 O Three , An alloy mainly composed of α-Fe, CrO 2 Etc. are used. In particular, Co-modified γ-Fe 2 O Three Is preferred.
[0034]
The resin component of the binder used in the magnetic layer, lower layer, and back coat layer of the present invention includes conventionally known thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, reactive resins, electron beam curable resins, and ultraviolet curable types. Resins, visible light curable resins and mixtures thereof are used.
[0035]
The thermoplastic resin has a softening temperature of 150 ° C. or less, a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000 and a degree of polymerization of about 50 to 2,000, more preferably about 200 to 600, such as a vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer. , Vinyl chloride polymer, vinyl acetate vinyl acetate vinyl alcohol copolymer, vinyl chloride vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylate acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylate vinylidene chloride copolymer, acrylic acid Ester styrene copolymer, methacrylate ester acrylonitrile copolymer, methacrylate ester vinylidene chloride copolymer, methacrylate ester styrene copolymer, urethane elastomer, nylon-silicone resin, nitrocellulose-polyamide resin, polyester Fluorinated vinyl, vinylidene chloride acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer, polyamide resin, polyvinyl butyral, cellulose derivative (cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, Propyl cellulose, methyl ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose, etc.), styrene butadiene copolymer, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, chlorovinyl ether acrylate copolymer, amino resin, various synthetic rubber thermoplastic resins and these A mixture or the like is used.
[0036]
The thermosetting resin or the reactive resin has a molecular weight of 200,000 or less in the state of the coating liquid, and the molecular weight becomes infinite by reaction such as condensation and addition by heating and humidification after coating and drying. Of these resins, those that do not soften or melt until the resin is thermally decomposed are preferable. Specifically, for example, phenol resin, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, polyurethane polycarbonate resin, urea resin, melamine resin, alkyd resin, silicon resin, acrylic reaction resin (electron beam curable resin), epoxy-polyamide Resin, nitrocellulose melamine resin, mixture of high molecular weight polyester resin and isocyanate prepolymer, mixture of methacrylate copolymer and diisocyanate prepolymer, mixture of polyester polyol and polyisocyanate, urea formaldehyde resin, low molecular weight glycol / high molecular weight A mixture of diol / triphenylmethane triisocyanate, polyamine resin, polyimine resin, and a mixture thereof.
[0037]
These thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, and reactive resins include carboxylic acid, sulfinic acid, sulfenic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, sulfuric acid, and ester groups thereof as functional groups in addition to the main functional group. An acidic group or hydrogen may be substituted with an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or hydrocarbon group. Amino acids, amino sulfonic acids, sulfuric or phosphate esters of amino alcohols, amphoteric groups such as alkylbetaine type, amino groups, imino groups, imide groups, amide groups, etc., hydroxyl groups, alkoxyl groups, thiol groups, alkylthio groups A halogen group, a silyl group, a siloxane group, an epoxy group, an isocyanato group, a cyano group, a nitrile group, an oxo group, an acrylic group, and a phosphine group. 10 -6 Equivalent to 1 × 10 -2 It is preferable to include an equivalent amount.
[0038]
As the curing agent, a polyisocyanate compound is usually used. Examples of the polyisocyanate compound used in the magnetic layer and back coat layer of the present invention include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, xylene-1,4-diisocyanate, xylene-1,3-diisocyanate, 4 , 4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4-diphenyl ether diisocyanate, 2-nitrodiphenyl-4.4′-diisocyanate, 2,2′-diphenylpropane-4,4′-diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylpropane diisocyanate, Aromatic diisocyanates such as m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, naphthylene-1,4-diisocyanate, naphthylene-1,5-diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethoxydiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate And aliphatic diisocyanates such as tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and lysine diisocyanate, alicyclic diisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate and hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
[0039]
Use products of isocyanates and polyalcohols, di- to 10-mer polyisocyanates produced by condensation of isocyanates, or products of triisocyanates and polyurethanes whose terminal functional groups are isocyanates. be able to. These polyisocyanates preferably have an average molecular weight of 100 to 20000. The commercial names of these polyisocyanate compounds include Coronate L, Coronate HL, Coronate 2030, Coronate 2031, Millionate MR, Millionate MTL (Nippon Polyurethane, Takenate D-102, Takenate D-110N, Takenate D-200, Takenate D-202, Takenate 300S, Takenate 500 (Takeda Pharmaceutical), Sumidur T-80, Sumidur 44S, Sumidur PF, Sumidur L, Sumidur N, Death Module L, Death Module IL, Death Module N, Death There are module HL, death module T65, death module 15, death module R, death module RF, death module SL, death module Z4273 (manufactured by Sumitomo Bayer), etc. It can be used in combination of two or more by utilizing the difference in curing reactivity, and for the purpose of accelerating the curing reaction, a hydroxyl group (butanediol, hexanediol, polyurethane having a molecular weight of 1000 to 10,000, water) Etc.), a compound having an amino group (monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, etc.) or a metal oxide catalyst can be used in combination, and these compounds having a hydroxyl group or an amino group are desirably polyfunctional. The polyisocyanate is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the binder resin and the polyisocyanate in both the magnetic layer and the backcoat layer. In JP-A-60-131622, JP-A-61-74138, etc. It is shown.
[0040]
These binders are used alone or in combination, and other additives are added. The mixing ratio of the ferromagnetic powder and the binder in the magnetic layer is in the range of 5 to 300 parts by weight of the binder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the ferromagnetic powder. The mixing ratio of the backcoat layer powder and the binder is in the range of 8 to 400 parts by weight of the binder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the powder. As additives, carbon black, abrasives, lubricants, dispersants / dispersing aids, antifungal agents, antistatic agents, antioxidants, solvents and the like are added.
[0041]
As carbon black used for the magnetic layer and the back coat layer of the present invention, furnace for rubber, thermal for rubber, black for color, acetylene black and the like can be used. These carbon blacks are used for the purpose of preventing static charge of the tape, shielding light, adjusting the friction coefficient, and improving durability. These carbon blacks used in the present invention have an average particle size of 5 to 1000 nm (electron microscopy) and a nitrogen adsorption method specific surface area of 1 to 800 m. 2 / G, pH is 4 to 11 (JIS standard K-6221-1982), and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) oil absorption is 10 to 800 ml / 100 g (JIS standard K-6221-1982). The size of the carbon black used in the present invention is 5 to 100 nm for the purpose of reducing the surface electrical resistance of the coating film, and 50 to 1000 nm carbon black is used for controlling the strength of the coating film. Can do. Also, for the purpose of controlling the surface roughness of the coating film, finer carbon black (less than 100 nm) is used for smoothing to reduce the spacing loss, and for the purpose of roughening and reducing the friction coefficient, coarse carbon black ( 100 nm or more). As described above, the type and amount of carbon black are selectively used according to the purpose required for the magnetic recording medium.
[0042]
These carbon blacks may be used after being surface-treated with a dispersant described later or grafted with a resin. Further, a graphite whose surface is partially graphitized by treating the furnace at the time of producing carbon black at 2000 ° C. or higher can also be used. Moreover, hollow carbon black can also be used as special carbon black.
These carbon blacks are preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the ferromagnetic powder in the case of a magnetic layer, and in the case of a backcoat layer, 20 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin. It is desirable to use in parts by weight.
[0043]
The abrasive used in the magnetic layer and the backcoat layer of the present invention is used to improve the durability of the magnetic recording medium and the head cleaning effect of the video tape recorder, and is generally a material having a polishing action or a polishing action. , Α-alumina, γ-alumina, α, γ-alumina, fused alumina, silicon carbide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, corundum, artificial diamond, α-iron oxide, garnet, emery, garnet, silica, silicon nitride, Boron nitride, molybdenum carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, quartz, tripoly, diatomaceous earth, dolomite, etc., and mainly 1 to 4 materials having a Mohs hardness of 6 or more, more preferably a Mohs hardness of 8 or more. Used in combination. These abrasives have an average particle size of 0.005 to 5 [mu] m, and particularly preferably 0.01 to 2 [mu] m. In the case of a magnetic layer, these abrasives are added in the range of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the ferromagnetic powder. Moreover, in the case of a backcoat layer, it is desirable to use 0.01-5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of resin mentioned later. Specific examples thereof include AKP1, AKP15, AKP20, AKP30, AKP50, AKP80, Hit50, Hit100 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical. These are described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-28642.
[0044]
The powdery lubricant used in the magnetic layer and back coat layer of the present invention includes graphite, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, graphite fluoride, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide. , Inorganic fine powder such as tungsten disulfide, acrylic styrene resin fine powder, benzoguanamine resin fine powder, melamine resin fine powder, polyolefin resin fine powder, polyester resin fine powder, polyamide resin fine powder, polyimide resin There are fine powder, fine resin powder such as fine fluororesin powder, and the like.
[0045]
Examples of organic compound lubricants include silicon oil (dialkylpolysiloxane, dialkoxypolysiloxane, phenylpolysiloxane, fluoroalkylpolysiloxane (KF96, KF69, etc. manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical), fatty acid-modified silicone oil, fluorine alcohol, polyolefin (polyethylene). Wax, polypropylene, etc.), polyglycol (ethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide wax, etc.), tetrafluoroethylene oxide wax, polytetrafluoroglycol, perfluoroalkyl ether, perfluoro fatty acid, perfluoro fatty acid ester, perfluoroalkyl sulfate ester, perfluoro Alkyl sulfonate, perfluoroalkyl benzene sulfonate, perfluoroalkyl phosphate Organic acids and organic acid esters such as alkyl sulfates, alkylsulfonic acid esters, alkylphosphonic acid triesters, alkylphosphonic acid monoesters, alkylphosphonic acid diesters, alkylphosphoric acid esters, oxalic acid esters Compounds, triazaindolidine, tetraazaindene, benzotriazole, benzodiazole, EDTA and other nitrogen and sulfur containing heterocyclic compounds, monobasic fatty acids having 10 to 40 carbon atoms and 2 to 40 carbon atoms Fatty acid esters composed of one or more of monohydric alcohol or dihydric alcohol, trihydric alcohol, tetrahydric alcohol, hexahydric alcohol, monobasic having 10 or more carbon atoms 11 to 70 carbon atoms in total with the fatty acid and the carbon number of the fatty acid Fatty acid esters consisting of monohydric to hexahydric alcohols comprising a fatty acid or fatty acid amides 8 to 40 carbon atoms, fatty alkylamides, aliphatic alcohols may also be used.
[0046]
Specific examples of these compounds include butyl caprylate, octyl caprylate, ethyl laurate, butyl laurate, octyl laurate, ethyl myristate, butyl myristate, octyl myristate, 2-ethylhexyl myristate, ethyl palmitate , Butyl palmitate, octyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, ethyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate, octyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl stearate, amyl stearate, isoamyl stearate, 2-ethylpentyl stearate, stearin 2-hexyldecyl acid, isotridecyl stearate, stearic acid amide, stearic acid alkylamide, butoxyethyl stearate, anhydrosorbitan monostearate Over DOO, anhydrosorbitan sorbitan distearate, anhydrosorbitan tristearate, anhydrosorbitan sorbitan tetrastearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, montan wax, carnauba wax available singly or combination can be used.
[0047]
In addition, as a lubricant used in the present invention, a lubricating oil additive can be used alone or in combination, and an antioxidant (alkylphenol, benzotriazine, tetraazaindene, sulfamide, Metal chelating agents such as guanidine, nucleic acid, pyridine, amine, hydroquinone, EDTA), rusting agents (naphthenic acid, alkenyl succinic acid, phosphoric acid, dilauryl phosphate, etc.), oiliness agents (rapeseed oil, lauryl alcohol, etc.), There are extreme pressure agents (dibenzyl sulfide, tricresyl phosphate, tributyl phosphite, etc.), detergent dispersants, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, foam reducers and the like. These lubricants are added in the range of 0.01 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder.
[0048]
Dispersants and dispersion aids used in the present invention include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid , Fatty acids having 2 to 40 carbon atoms such as maleic acid and phthalic acid (R 1 COOH, R 1 Is an alkyl group having 1 to 39 carbon atoms, phenyl group, aralkyl group), alkali metal (Li, Na, K, etc.) or alkaline earth metal (Mg, Ca, Ba, etc.) of the above fatty acid, NH4 + Metal soap (copper oleate), fatty acid amide; lecithin (soybean oil lecithin), etc., made of Cu, Pb, etc. are used. In addition, higher alcohols having 4 to 40 carbon atoms (butanol, octyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol) and their sulfates, sulfonic acids, phenylsulfonic acids, alkylsulfonic acids, sulfonate esters, phosphate monoesters, phosphorus Acid diesters, phosphoric acid triesters, alkylphosphonic acids, phenylphosphonic acids, amine compounds, and the like can also be used. Polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfosuccinic acid metal salts, sulfosuccinic acid esters, and the like can also be used. These dispersants are usually used in one or more types, and one type of dispersant is added in the range of 0.005 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder. These dispersants may be used in advance on the surface of a ferromagnetic powder or nonmagnetic powder, or may be added during dispersion.
[0049]
Antifungal agents used in the present invention include 2- (4-thiazolyl) -benzimidazole, N- (fluorodichloromethylthio) -phthalimide, 10,10′-oxybisphenoxysarcin, 2,4,5,6- Examples include tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, P-tolyljodomethylsulfone, triiodoallyl alcohol, dihydroacetic acid, mercury phenyloleate, bis (tributyltin), and salicylanilide.
[0050]
This is shown, for example, in “Microbial Disaster and Prevention Technology” 1972 Engineering Book, “Chemistry and Industry” 32,904 (1979). Antistatic agents other than carbon black used in the present invention include conductive powders such as graphite, modified graphite, carbon black graft polymer, tin oxide-antimony oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide-tin oxide-antimony oxide; saponins, etc. Natural surfactants; nonionic surfactants such as alkylene oxides, glycerins, glycidols, polyhydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohol esters, alkylphenol EO adducts; higher alkylamines, cyclic amines, hydantoin derivatives, amidoamines, ester amides , Quaternary ammonium salts, pyridine and other heterocyclic rings, phosphonium or sulfonium, and other cationic surfactants; carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfate group, phosphonic acid ester, phosphoric acid ester Anionic surfactants containing an acidic group and the like; amino acids; amino sulfonic acids, sulfuric or phosphoric acid esters of amino alcohols, amphoteric surface active agents such as alkyl betaine type and the like are used. These surfactants may be added alone or in combination. The amount of these surfactants used in the magnetic recording medium is 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the ferromagnetic powder. Moreover, the usage-amount in a backcoat layer is 0.01-30 weight part per 100 weight part of binders. These are used as antistatic agents, but are sometimes applied for other purposes such as dispersion, improvement of magnetic properties, improvement of lubricity, coating aids, wetting agents, curing accelerators, and dispersion accelerators. In some cases.
[0051]
The magnetic layer can be formed according to a normal method. For example, a magnetic coating material is prepared by kneading and dispersing the ferromagnetic powder and the resin component and magnetic layer forming components such as an abrasive and a curing agent blended as necessary together with a solvent, and the magnetic coating is applied to a nonmagnetic support. The method of applying to can be used. The organic solvent used in the dispersion, kneading, and coating of the present invention includes ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, isophorone, tetrahydrofuran and the like in any ratio; methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol , Alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and methylcyclohexanol; ester systems such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, ethyl lactate, glycol acetate monoethyl ether; diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether, glycol mono Ethers such as ethyl ether and dioxane; Tars such as benzene, toluene, xylene, cresol, chlorobenzene and styrene (aromatic Hydrogen); methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ethylene chlorohydrin, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dichlorobenzene, N, N-dimethylformamide, those hexane and the like can be used. These solvents are usually used in two or more at an arbitrary ratio. A trace amount of impurities (polymer of the solvent itself, moisture, raw material components, etc.) may be contained in an amount of 1% by weight or less. These solvents are used in an amount of 100 to 20000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total solid content of the magnetic layer forming paint, the back layer forming paint and the undercoat liquid. The solid content rate of the preferred magnetic layer forming paint is 10 to 40% by weight. Moreover, the preferable solid content rate of a back layer formation coating material is 5 to 20 weight%. An aqueous solvent (water, alcohol, acetone, etc.) can be used instead of the organic solvent.
[0052]
There are no particular restrictions on the method of dispersion and kneading, and the order of addition of each component (resin, powder, lubricant, solvent, etc.), the addition position during dispersion and kneading, the dispersion temperature (0 to 80 ° C.), etc. are appropriate. Can be set. For the preparation of the magnetic layer forming coating material and the back layer forming coating material, conventional kneaders such as a two-roll mill, a three-roll mill, a ball mill, a pebble mill, a tron mill, a sand grinder, a Segvari, an attritor, a high-speed impeller, and a dispersion Machine, high speed stone mill, high speed impact mill, disper, kneader, high speed mixer, ribbon blender, kneader, intensive mixer, tumbler, blender, disperser, homogenizer, single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, and ultrasonic A disperser or the like can be used. Usually, a plurality of these dispersing / kneading machines are provided for the dispersion / kneading and the treatment is continuously performed. In order to efficiently promote dispersion and kneading as an auxiliary material for these dispersion and kneading, steel balls, steel beads, ceramic beads, glass beads, and organic polymer beads having a sphere equivalent diameter of 10 cm to 0.05 mm can be used. . These materials are not limited to spherical shapes.
[0053]
As a method of applying the magnetic coating and the back layer coating on the support, the viscosity of the coating solution is adjusted to 1 to 20000 centistokes (25 ° C.), air doctor coating, blade coating, air knife coating, squeeze coating, Impregnation coat, reverse roll coat, transfer roll coat, gravure coat, kiss coat, cast coat, spray coat, rod coat, forward rotation roll coat, curtain coat, bar coat, extrusion coat, spin coat, etc. These are explained in detail in “Coating Industry”, pages 253 to 277 (Showa 46.3.20), published by Asakura Shoten.
[0054]
The magnetic layer has a thickness after drying of 0.05 to 5 μm, preferably 0.07 to 4 μm, and the magnetic layer is undried, vertical, longitudinal, width, random, diagonal, etc. After the magnetic field orientation treatment is applied, it is dried.
[0055]
Moreover, after drying in this way, a calendar process is performed on the coating layer as necessary. For the calendar process, for example, a super calendar roll or the like is used. By performing the calendering process, voids generated by removing the solvent during drying are reduced and the filling rate of the ferromagnetic powder in the magnetic layer is improved, so that a magnetic recording medium having high electromagnetic conversion characteristics can be obtained.
[0056]
In the present invention, the magnetic recording medium thus produced is cut into a desired shape under a normal condition using a cutting machine or the like, and then wound on a plastic or metal reel. In the present invention, the magnetic recording medium (magnetic layer, back layer, edge end surface, base surface) is formed in a process immediately before or before winding the surface of the magnetic layer thus prepared, or the surface of the magnetic layer and the surface of the backcoat layer. ) May be burnished with an abrasive tape.
[0057]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, the part in an Example and a comparative example shows a weight part.
Example 1
(Preparation of magnetic coating liquid)
100 parts of ferromagnetic alloy powder
Composition: Fe / Zn / Ni = 92/4/4, Hc: 2000 Oe,
Crystallite size: 15 nm, BET specific surface area: 59 m 2 / G,
Long axis diameter: 0.12 μm, needle ratio: 7, σs: 140 emu / g
10 parts of polyurethane resin
(Toyobo: UR8200 polar group-containing polyurethane resin)
8 parts of vinyl chloride resin
(Nippon Zeon: MR110 polar group-containing vinyl chloride resin)
α-Al 2 O Three (Particle size 0.3 μm) 2 parts
Carbon black (particle size 40nm) 2 parts
110 parts of cyclohexanone
100 parts of methyl ethyl ketone
100 parts of toluene
Butyl stearate 2 parts
1 part of stearic acid
About the said magnetic coating composition, after kneading each component for 60 minutes with an open kneader, it disperse | distributed for 120 minutes with the sand mill. 6 parts of a trifunctional low molecular weight polyisocyanate compound (Coronate 3041 manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane) was added to the resulting dispersion, and the mixture was further stirred and mixed for 20 minutes, followed by filtration using a filter having an average pore size of 1 μm, and magnetic coating liquid. Was prepared.
[0058]
Dilute polyamideimide resin (Toyobo Viromax MT5050) as an undercoat layer on an aromatic polyamide support having a thickness of 4.5 μm with a mixed solvent of ethanol / toluene = 1/1 so that the solid content is 2%. The coating was dried to a dry thickness of 0.1 μm.
Furthermore, the magnetic coating is applied so that the thickness after drying becomes 2.0 μm, the magnetic layer is undried, magnetic field orientation is performed with a 3000 gauss magnet, and after drying, it is composed of only a metal roll. After surface smoothing at a speed of 100 m / min, linear pressure of 300 kg / cm, and a temperature of 90 ° C. using a seven-stage calendar, heat curing treatment is performed at 70 ° C. for 24 hours, and the tape is cut to a width of 3.8 mm. Was made.
[0059]
Example 2
The resin used in the undercoat layer was changed as shown in Table 1, and a magnetic tape of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0060]
Example 3
(Adjustment of upper layer magnetic coating liquid)
100 parts of ferromagnetic alloy powder
Composition: Fe / Zn / Ni = 92/4/4, Hc: 2000 Oe,
Crystallite size: 15 nm, BET specific surface area: 59 m 2 / G,
Long axis diameter: 0.12 μm, needle ratio: 7, σs: 140 emu / g
10 parts of polyurethane resin
(Toyobo, UR8200: Polyurethane resin containing polar groups)
8 parts of vinyl chloride resin
(MR110, Nippon Zeon, polar group-containing vinyl chloride resin)
α-Al 2 O Three (Particle size 0.3 μm) 2 parts
Carbon black (particle size 40nm) 2 parts
110 parts of cyclohexanone
100 parts of methyl ethyl ketone
100 parts of toluene
Butyl stearate 2 parts
1 part of stearic acid
(Adjustment of non-magnetic coating liquid for lower layer)
85 parts of non-magnetic inorganic powder
α-iron oxide, major axis diameter: 0.12 μm, needle ratio: 7,
BET surface area 55m 2 / G, pH 6.5
10 parts of polyurethane resin
(UR8200: Toyobo, polar group-containing polyurethane resin)
8 parts of vinyl chloride resin
(MR110: Nippon Zeon, polar group-containing vinyl chloride resin)
140 parts of cyclohexanone
170 parts of methyl ethyl ketone
Butyl stearate 2 parts
1 part of stearic acid
For each of the magnetic coating composition for the upper layer and the nonmagnetic coating composition for the lower layer, each component was kneaded for 60 minutes with an open kneader and then dispersed for 120 minutes with a sand mill. To the obtained dispersion, 6 parts of a trifunctional low molecular weight polyisocyanate compound (Coronate 3041 manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane) was added and stirred for 20 minutes, followed by filtration using a filter having an average pore size of 1 μm, A non-magnetic paint was prepared.
A nonmagnetic paint obtained on an aromatic polyamide support having a thickness of 4.5 μm was applied so that the thickness after drying was 1.8 μm, and immediately after that, the thickness after drying was 0 A simultaneous multilayer coating was applied so that the thickness was 2 μm. With both layers undried, magnetic orientation is performed with a 3000 gauss magnet, and after drying, a 7-step calendar composed of only metal rolls is used at a speed of 100 m / min, a linear pressure of 300 kg / cm, and a temperature of 90 ° C. After performing the smoothing treatment, a heat curing treatment was carried out at 70 ° C. for 24 hours, and cut into a width of 3.8 mm to produce a magnetic tape.
[0061]
Example 4
Example 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the resin used for the undercoat layer was changed as shown in Table 1.
[0062]
Comparative Examples 1-6
Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of nonmagnetic support having a thickness of 4.5 μm and the resin used for the undercoat layer were changed to those shown in Table 1.
[0063]
Comparative Examples 7-13
Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of nonmagnetic support having a thickness of 4.5 μm and the resin used for the undercoat layer were changed to those shown in Table 1.
[0064]
Next, the characteristics of the magnetic tapes of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured by the following measuring methods, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.
〔Measuring method〕
(1) Adhesion force: A part of a magnetic tape cut to a width of 3.8 mm is pasted on a mount with a double-sided adhesive tape, and one end of the magnetic tape is pulled in the same direction as the other end in a 23 ° C., 50% RH environment. The peel strength was measured.
(2) Magnetic layer surface roughness: Expressed by the centerline average roughness obtained by the optical interference method using a digital optical profilometer (manufactured by WYKO).
(3) Electromagnetic conversion characteristics
Output / output drop: A signal with a frequency of 4.7 MHz is recorded on the obtained tape at 23 ° C. and 50% RH and reproduced. The output at the first reproduction was evaluated by the output relative to the tape of Example 1.
Furthermore, it was run continuously 1000 times, the output was continuously reproduced, and the output reduction was measured by setting the first output of each sample to 0 dB.
Dropout: A signal having a frequency of 2.35 MHz is recorded on the obtained tape at 23 ° C. and 50% RH and reproduced. The number of dropouts with a decrease in output of −16 dB or more and a length of 15 μs or more was expressed as an increase rate after 100 passes with reference to the time of 1 pass.
[0065]
[Table 1]
[0066]
However, in the table, the primer resin is
MT5050: Polyamideimide (Toyobo: Viromax)
AT8020: Polyamideimide (Toyobo: Viromax)
RV240: Copolyester (Toyobo: Byron)
P70: Modified polyamide (manufactured by Toray: AQ-nylon)
Indicates.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
When the nonmagnetic support is an aromatic polyamide, a nonmagnetic support and a magnetic layer or a nonmagnetic coating are provided by providing an undercoat layer made of a polyamideimide resin between the nonmagnetic support and the magnetic layer or the nonmagnetic coating layer. It is possible to provide a magnetic recording medium capable of obtaining high output by improving the adhesion with the layer, preventing the coating layer from falling off, reducing the occurrence of dropout and excellent running durability, and excellent surface smoothness of the magnetic recording medium. Therefore, a remarkable effect is recognized as compared with the conventional method.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17715097A JP3850106B2 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1997-07-02 | Magnetic recording medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17715097A JP3850106B2 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1997-07-02 | Magnetic recording medium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1125445A JPH1125445A (en) | 1999-01-29 |
| JP3850106B2 true JP3850106B2 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=16026076
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17715097A Expired - Fee Related JP3850106B2 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1997-07-02 | Magnetic recording medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3850106B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6100361A (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-08-08 | Spalding Sports Worldwide, Inc. | Golf ball top coating containing an aromatic/aliphatic polyisocyanate copolymer |
-
1997
- 1997-07-02 JP JP17715097A patent/JP3850106B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1125445A (en) | 1999-01-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6835438B2 (en) | Magnetic recording tape | |
| JPH05234063A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| US5407725A (en) | Magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer containing two carbon blacks each within specific particle size and DBP adsorption ranges | |
| JP2835661B2 (en) | Magnetic recording medium and method of manufacturing the same | |
| US5419943A (en) | Magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer with a Tg of 80° C.° C. | |
| JP3850106B2 (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JP4335998B2 (en) | Magnetic recording medium and magnetic recording / reproducing method | |
| JP2007265547A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| US6821603B2 (en) | Magnetic recording tape | |
| JP2000090431A (en) | Magnetic tape and its production | |
| JP2805404B2 (en) | Magnetic recording disk and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JP2000268344A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JP2001006148A (en) | Magnetic recording medium and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JP2632202B2 (en) | Magnetic recording media | |
| JP3023719B2 (en) | Magnetic recording media | |
| JP2684393B2 (en) | Magnetic recording media | |
| JP2001006151A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JPH05189748A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JPH06176909A (en) | Ferromagnetic metal powder and magnetic recording medium using the same | |
| JP2001006156A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JPH05120676A (en) | Magnetic recording disk and production of the same | |
| JPH10149534A (en) | Magnetic recording medium and its production | |
| JPH1011736A (en) | Magnetic tape for recording computer data | |
| JPH11283240A (en) | Magnetic recording medium | |
| JPH10302247A (en) | Magnetic recording media |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20050909 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20050916 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20051017 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20060825 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20060829 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090908 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090908 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090908 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100908 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100908 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110908 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120908 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |