JP3858481B2 - Catalytic combustor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a catalytic combustor used in a device that heats a gas as a fuel by catalytic combustion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a catalytic combustor of a heating device applying catalytic combustion has a gas cylinder 123 attached to a fuel portion at the bottom of a case 121 as shown in FIG. 11, and the gas cylinder 123 is connected to a gas ejection nozzle 124 through a valve. a gas ejection nozzle 124 is connected to mixing tube 125 external air is introduced, guide the upper end of the mixing tube 125 to the burner section provided above the fuel portion, as to surround the ejection portion of the mixing tube 125 the upper end the oxidation catalyst 126 having air permeability is disposed, the ejection path of the mixed gas including the spark heater 127, the outer periphery of the oxidation catalyst 126 with allowed to install a heat exchange plate 128, the heat exchanger plates 128 and oxide The upper surface of the catalyst 126 is formed as a heating unit that contacts the bottom of the container 122 , and a catalytic combustor in which a space between the combustion unit and the fuel unit is divided by a reflector 129 . Next, the operation will be described. The fuel gas is jetted and supplied to the oxidation catalyst 126 through the gas jet nozzle 124 and the mixing pipe 125 , and catalytic combustion is started by the action of the oxidation catalyst 126 based on the initial ignition, and the oxidation catalyst 126 and heat exchange are caused by the combustion heat. Efficient heat exchange is performed with the water in the container 122 through the plate 128 to heat or keep warm.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the oxidation heating reaction using the combustion catalyst, the catalyst is activated at a certain temperature or higher, and the oxidation heating reaction occurs. At the temperature or lower, the oxidation heating reaction does not occur. A certain combustion catalyst needs to keep burning a certain amount of fuel or more in order to maintain an oxidation heating reaction. Therefore, the combustion amount is limited to a certain range. For this reason, it is difficult to produce an output with a large difference.
[0004]
The present invention is a combustor equipped with two combustion catalysts having a larger width for varying the combustion amount, making the combustion amount more variable and further re-igniting the second combustion catalyst. The purpose of this is to perform smoothly .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the catalytic combustor of the present invention, a second combustion catalyst is disposed around the first combustion catalyst, an intermediate chamber that is adjacent to the both combustion catalysts and connects a flow path is disposed, and the intermediate chamber An auxiliary combustion catalyst using a good heat conductor as a carrier is provided, and the first combustion catalyst and the second combustion catalyst are connected by the auxiliary combustion catalyst. With local combustion, heat can be transferred from the upstream first combustion catalyst to the second combustion catalyst, making it possible to change the amount of combustion more smoothly and to recycle the second combustion catalyst. Ignition etc. can be performed smoothly.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention described in claim 1 includes an operation section and a combustion chamber, the operation section includes an on-off valve, a fuel tank, and an ignition device, and the combustion chamber includes a gas ejection nozzle facing the air suction ejector, It has a spark plug, an exhaust port, a first combustion catalyst, and a second combustion catalyst, and a second combustion catalyst is disposed around the first combustion catalyst and is adjacent to the both combustion catalysts. An intermediate chamber connecting the flow paths is provided, and an auxiliary combustion catalyst using a good heat conductor as a carrier is provided in the intermediate chamber. The auxiliary combustion catalyst and the second combustion catalyst are connected to the second combustion catalyst. Combustion catalyst is connected, and local combustion at the auxiliary combustion catalyst can cause heat transfer from the upstream first combustion catalyst to the second combustion catalyst, and the amount of combustion can be increased. Smoothly changing the second combustion catalyst and re-igniting the second combustion catalyst, etc. It can be carried out in.
[0007]
【Example】
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The catalytic combustor body 1 includes a combustion chamber 2 that burns gas by a catalytic oxidation reaction, and a fuel tank 3 that stores fuel gas such as butane, and includes an operation unit 4 that operates to stop gas inflow and to ignite. . The operation unit 4 includes a fuel tank 3 for storing fuel gas such as butane, and is connected to a fuel valve 6 that can be opened and closed from the outside via a joint 5 formed at one end of the fuel tank 3. Has been. Reference numeral 7 designates a gas ejection nozzle connected to the other end of the fuel valve 6 to eject the fuel gas toward the air suction ejector 8 formed at the tip.
[0008]
Reference numeral 9 denotes a primary chamber connected downstream of the air suction ejector 8, and a first combustion catalyst 10 is disposed on one surface thereof. Reference numeral 11 denotes a second combustion catalyst located downstream thereof, and an intermediate chamber 12 is interposed between the first combustion catalyst 10 and the second combustion catalyst. An exhaust chamber 13 is positioned further downstream of the second combustion catalyst 11, and an exhaust port 14 for leading the exhaust gas after combustion to the outside air is formed in a part of its constituent wall. An ignition plug 15 is provided in the exhaust chamber 13 and is ignited by operating the ignition device 16 provided in the operation unit 4 to cause a spark in the exhaust chamber 13.
[0009]
The operation of the above configuration will be described. When the fuel valve 6 connected to the fuel tank 3 filled with the fuel gas in the operation unit 4 is operated and opened , the fuel gas is directed from the gas ejection nozzle 7 to the air suction ejector 8. The air is entrained and flows into the primary chamber 9 as a mixed gas, and sequentially flows into the first combustion catalyst 10, the intermediate chamber 12, the second combustion catalyst 11, and the exhaust chamber 13. At this time, the ignition plug 15 is ignited by operation of the ignition device 16 to hold the flame on the downstream surface 11 a of the second combustion catalyst 11. Thereafter, the temperature of the second combustion catalyst 11 rises and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. Thereafter, the first combustion catalyst 10 is also sequentially heated by this heat, and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. In this way, heat is generated and an object to be heated such as a pan provided outside is heated. Thereafter, when the fuel valve 6 is operated and the fuel gas is sufficiently flowed , first , the first combustion catalyst 10 undergoes the oxidation heating reaction, and then the unburned gas component that has flowed in beyond the capacity continues. To the combustion catalyst 11.
[0010]
As described in the problem, the oxidation heating reaction using the combustion catalyst is activated when the catalyst is activated at a certain temperature or higher, and the oxidation heating reaction does not occur below the certain temperature. Therefore, it is necessary for a combustion catalyst having a certain capacity to continue to burn a certain amount of fuel or more in order to maintain the oxidation heating reaction. Therefore, the combustion amount is limited to a certain range. For this reason, it is difficult to produce an output with a large difference.
[0011]
However, in the present invention, by providing a plurality of combustion catalysts continuously across the intermediate chamber, it is possible to cope with the amount of combustion gas. Also in the present embodiment, after ignition, if the amount of combustion gas is large, the first combustion catalyst 10 and the second combustion catalyst 11 and if the amount of combustion gas is small, the first combustion catalyst 10 It is possible to perform combustion only with this. Thus, it can cope with a plurality of combustion amounts.
[0012]
According to this embodiment as described above, in which the catalytic combustor to increase the width of varying the combustion amount can be realized.
[0013]
Further, the ignition plug 15 can be ignited in the upstream direction by being arranged in the exhaust chamber 13, and in the case of the present embodiment in which a plurality of combustion catalysts are arranged in series, smooth. Ignition is possible.
[0014]
Further, the ignition plug 15 of the present embodiment enables smooth ignition when a plurality of combustion catalysts are mounted, and a more convenient catalyst combustor can be realized.
[0015]
In the present embodiment, the example in which the first and second combustion catalysts are used as shown in FIG. 1 has been described, but the number of the catalysts is determined by the use of the catalyst combustor. Is .
[0016]
(Example 2)
FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the catalytic combustor in the second embodiment of the present invention. The catalytic combustor main body 21 includes a combustion chamber 22 and an operation unit 24 as in the first embodiment. The configuration of the operation unit 24 is the same as that of the operation unit 4 of the first embodiment.
[0017]
The combustion chamber 22 is connected to the primary chamber 29 , the first combustion catalyst 30 , the intermediate chamber 32 , the second combustion catalyst 31 , and the exhaust chamber 33, and an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 33. 34 to communicate sequentially. 35 and the ignition plug, provided in the exhaust chamber 33, skipping the sparks in the exhaust chamber 33, performs the ignition operation.
[0018]
Here, the first combustion catalyst 30 and the second combustion catalyst 31 are communicated as a flow path through an intermediate chamber 32 , but are disposed so as to face each other or be close to each other. .
[0019]
In the above configuration, the operation will be described. As in the first embodiment, the mixed gas containing air flows into the primary chamber 29 by the operation of the operation unit 24 , and sequentially the first combustion catalyst 30 and the intermediate chamber 32. The second combustion catalyst 31 flows into the exhaust chamber 33 . At this time, it ignited by the ignition plug 35 and flame holding in the downstream face 31a of the second combustion catalyst 31. Thereafter, the temperature of the second combustion catalyst 31 rises and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. Thereafter, the first combustion catalyst 30 is also sequentially heated by this heat, and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. In this way, heat is generated and an object to be heated such as a pan provided outside is heated. At that time, the first combustion catalyst 30 and the second combustion catalyst 31 are arranged so as to face each other or close to each other, and heat transfer due to the respective heat radiation is likely to occur more smoothly. The ignition transition between the combustion catalysts can be achieved, and an earlier stable combustion state can be realized.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the example in which the first and second combustion catalysts are used as shown in FIG. 3 has been described, but the number of the catalysts is determined by the use of the catalyst combustor. Even in an example in which a plurality of catalysts are connected by an intermediate chamber as shown in FIG. 2, the same effect is obtained.
[0021]
Example 3
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the catalytic combustor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The catalyst combustor main body 41 includes a combustion chamber 42 and an operation unit 43 as in the first embodiment. The configuration of the operation unit 43 is the same as that of the operation unit 4 of the first embodiment.
[0022]
The combustion chamber 42 is connected to the primary chamber 44, the first combustion catalyst 45, the intermediate chamber 46, the second combustion catalyst 47, and the exhaust chamber 48, and an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 48. 49 to communicate sequentially. An ignition plug 50 is provided in the exhaust chamber 48, and sparks are blown into the exhaust chamber 48 to perform an ignition operation.
[0023]
Here, the first combustion catalyst 45 and the second combustion catalyst 47 communicate with each other as a flow path through the intermediate chamber 46. 46 a is a heat conductor such as a metal provided by connecting the first combustion catalyst 45 and the second combustion catalyst 47 in the intermediate chamber 46.
[0024]
To explain the operation in the above arrangement, by operating the same way operating portion 43 as in Example 1, a mixed gas involving air flows into the primary chamber 44, sequentially, a first combustion catalyst 45, the intermediate chamber 46 , Flows into the second combustion catalyst 47 and the exhaust chamber 48. At this time, the ignition plug 50 is ignited to hold the flame on the downstream surface 47 a of the second combustion catalyst 47. Thereafter, the temperature of the second combustion catalyst 47 rises and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. Thereafter, the first combustion catalyst 45 is also sequentially heated by this heat, and an oxidation heating reaction occurs. In this way, heat is generated and an object to be heated such as a pan provided outside is heated.
[0025]
At that time, each of the first combustion catalyst 45 and the second combustion catalyst 47 is brought into contact or substantially integrally connected by a heat conductor 46a such as metal, so that the movement of each heat is generated by heat conduction. Thus, the ignition transition between the combustion catalysts can be performed more smoothly, and an earlier stable combustion state can be realized.
[0026]
In the present embodiment, the example in which the first and second combustion catalysts are used as shown in FIG. 4 has been described. However, the number of the catalysts is determined by the use of the catalyst combustor. Even in an example in which a plurality of catalysts are connected by an intermediate chamber as shown in FIG. 2, the same effect is obtained.
[0027]
Example 4
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the combustion chamber in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The combustion chamber 51 is connected to the primary chamber 52, the first combustion catalyst 53, the intermediate chamber 54, the second combustion catalyst 55, and the exhaust chamber 56, and an exhaust port 57 provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 56. It is configured to communicate sequentially. The first combustion catalyst 53 and the second combustion catalyst 55 to be mounted have a ventilation cross-sectional area that gradually increases from upstream to downstream.
[0028]
Here, the operation will be described. When the second combustion catalyst 55 burns in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the first combustion catalyst 53 also starts to burn sequentially. Here, since the flow passage cross-sectional area is sequentially increased from the first combustion catalyst 53 to the second combustion catalyst 55, the downstream second combustion catalyst 55 is also large in size. In addition, it has a higher combustion capacity, and in addition, the passage speed in the combustion catalyst is reduced, and more complete combustion can be achieved.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, the example in which the first and second combustion catalysts are used as shown in FIG. 5 has been described. However, the number of the catalysts is determined by the use of the catalyst combustor. Even in an example in which a large number of catalysts are connected by an intermediate chamber, the same effect is obtained.
[0030]
(Example 5)
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the combustion chamber in the fifth embodiment of the present invention . The combustion chamber 61 is connected to the primary chamber 62, the first combustion catalyst 63, the intermediate chamber 64, the second combustion catalyst 65, and the exhaust chamber 66, and an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 66. 67 to communicate sequentially. The first combustion catalyst 63 and the second combustion catalyst 64 to be mounted have a finer catalyst cross section in order from the upstream to the downstream.
[0031]
Here, the operation will be described. When the second combustion catalyst 65 is combusted in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the first combustion catalyst 63 sequentially starts combustion thereafter. Here, as compared with the first combustion catalyst 63, the second combustion catalyst 65 has a finer opening of metal or the like, so that the ventilation combustor as a whole combustor is ensured and a larger combustion variable range. Can be secured. In the present embodiment, the example in which the first and second combustion catalysts are used as shown in FIG. 6 has been described. However, the number of the catalysts is determined by the use of the catalyst combustor. Even in an example in which a large number of catalysts are connected by an intermediate chamber, the same effect is obtained.
[0032]
(Example 6)
FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the combustion chamber in the sixth embodiment of the present invention . The combustion chamber 71 is connected to the primary chamber 72, the first combustion catalyst 73, the intermediate chamber 74, the second combustion catalyst 75, and the exhaust chamber 76, and is an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 76. The first combustion catalyst is formed so as to surround the first combustion catalyst 73 with an intermediate wall 78 provided around the first combustion catalyst 73 and surrounding the second combustion catalyst 75. An intermediate chamber 74 adjacent to one of the ventilation end surfaces of the catalyst 73 and the second combustion catalyst 75 is provided. A heat transfer surface 79 is formed on the back surface of the upper wall surface of the intermediate chamber 74 to come into contact with the object to be heated.
[0033]
Here, the operation will be described. As in the previous embodiment, after ignition and flame holding in the exhaust chamber 74 , the second combustion catalyst 75 shifts to catalytic combustion, and heat is generated. The catalyst 73 is also heated, and similarly to the second combustion catalyst 75, the first combustion catalyst 73 shifts to catalytic combustion and generates heat.
[0034]
During the operation, the first combustion catalyst 73 and the second combustion catalyst 75 can take out the heat from both in the same manner, and a more efficient catalytic combustor can be obtained. It can be done.
[0035]
Further, the second combustion catalyst 75 covers the outer peripheral portion of the first combustion catalyst 73, so that the heat conduction area is also increased, and the heat from the second combustion catalyst 75 to the first combustion catalyst 73 is increased. The transition will be smoother.
[0036]
(Example 7)
FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of the combustion chamber in the seventh embodiment of the present invention . The combustion chamber 81 is connected to the primary chamber 82, the first combustion catalyst 83, the intermediate chamber 84, the second combustion catalyst 85, and the exhaust chamber 86, and is an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 86. 87 is formed in such a manner that the intermediate wall 88 provided around the first combustion catalyst 83 is sandwiched by the second combustion catalyst 85 so as to surround the first combustion catalyst 83. An intermediate chamber 84 adjacent to one ventilation end face of the catalyst 83 and the second combustion catalyst 85 is formed. On the back surface of the upper wall surface of the intermediate chamber 84, a heat radiating plate 89 is formed in contact with the object to be heated. Reference numeral 90 denotes a heat conductor made of a metal or the like that connects the first combustion catalyst 83 and the second combustion catalyst 85 to thermally connect the first combustion catalyst 83 and the second combustion catalyst 85. ing.
[0037]
Here, the operation will be described. As in the previous embodiment, after ignition and flame holding in the exhaust chamber 86, the second combustion catalyst 85 shifts to catalytic combustion, which generates heat and generates heat for the first combustion. The catalyst 83 is also heated, and similarly to the second combustion catalyst 85, the first combustion catalyst 83 shifts to catalytic combustion and generates heat.
[0038]
At this time, the second combustion catalyst 85 covers the outer peripheral portion of the first combustion catalyst 83, so that the heat conduction area is also increased, and the second combustion catalyst 85 is transferred to the first combustion catalyst 83. The heat transfer is smoother. In addition, the first combustion catalyst 83 and the second combustion catalyst 85 are thermally connected by the heat conductor 90 made of metal or the like, so that the second combustion catalyst 83 is more upstream than the second combustion catalyst 83. Heat can be transferred to the combustion catalyst 85, and the amount of combustion can be changed more smoothly.
[0039]
(Example 8)
FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of the combustion chamber in the eighth embodiment of the present invention . The combustion chamber 91 is connected to the primary chamber 92, the first combustion catalyst 93, the intermediate chamber 94, the second combustion catalyst 95, and the exhaust chamber 96, and an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 96. The first combustion catalyst is formed so as to surround the intermediate wall 98 provided around the first combustion catalyst 93 with the second combustion catalyst 95 surrounding it. An intermediate chamber 94 adjacent to one ventilation end face of the catalyst 93 and the second combustion catalyst 95 is formed. On the back surface of the upper wall surface of the intermediate chamber 94, a heat radiating plate 99 is formed in contact with the object to be heated.
[0040]
Here, the second combustion catalyst 95 is composed of a catalyst supporting a noble metal using a relatively good heat conductor such as metal as a carrier. Here, the operation will be described. As in the previous embodiment, after ignition and flame holding in the exhaust chamber 96, the second combustion catalyst 95 shifts to catalytic combustion, which generates heat and generates heat for the first combustion. The catalyst 93 is also heated, and similarly to the second combustion catalyst 95, the first combustion catalyst 93 shifts to catalytic combustion and generates heat.
[0041]
During the operation, the first combustion catalyst 93 is a combustion catalyst constituted by using a relatively good heat conductor such as metal as a carrier. The target has a uniform temperature. As a result, the temperature on the downstream side of the first combustion catalyst 93 is also relatively high, and the heat transfer from the first combustion catalyst 93 to the second combustion catalyst 95 is performed smoothly. Thus, the re-ignition of the combustion catalyst 95 is smoothly performed.
[0042]
Example 9
FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of the combustion chamber in the ninth embodiment of the present invention . The combustion chamber 101 is connected to the primary chamber 102, the first combustion catalyst 103, the intermediate chamber 104, the second combustion catalyst 105, and the exhaust chamber 106, and an exhaust port provided in a part of the constituent wall of the exhaust chamber 106. The first combustion catalyst is formed so as to be surrounded by the second combustion catalyst 105 with the intermediate wall 108 provided around the first combustion catalyst 103 interposed therebetween. An intermediate chamber 104 adjacent to one of the ventilation end surfaces of the catalyst 103 and the second combustion catalyst 105 is provided. A heat radiating plate 110 that contacts an object to be heated is formed on the back surface of the upper wall surface of the intermediate chamber 104. Reference numeral 111 denotes an auxiliary combustion catalyst that connects the first combustion catalyst 103 and the second combustion catalyst 105 provided in the intermediate chamber 104.
[0043]
Here, the operation will be described. As in the previous embodiment, after ignition and flame holding in the exhaust chamber 106, the second combustion catalyst 105 shifts to catalytic combustion, and heat is generated. The catalyst 103 is also heated, and similarly to the second combustion catalyst 105, the first combustion catalyst 103 shifts to catalytic combustion and generates heat.
[0044]
During the operation, since the first combustion catalyst 103 and the second combustion catalyst 105 are connected by the auxiliary combustion catalyst 111 , the amount of combustion is reduced, and the first combustion catalyst is mainly used. In the case where the combustion amount is increased from the state where the combustion is performed by the catalyst for combustion 103 and the catalytic combustion is also caused by the second combustion catalyst 105, the auxiliary combustion catalyst 111 can sequentially proceed to generate heat. The second combustion catalyst 105 can be smoothly re-ignited and the like, and more free combustion amount control is realized.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention as described above, a combustion chamber and the operating unit, the operating unit includes an ignition device and the on-off valve and the fuel tank, said combustion chamber, opposite gas injection nozzles in the air suction ejector And a spark plug , an exhaust port , a first combustion catalyst, and a second combustion catalyst, a second combustion catalyst is disposed around the first combustion catalyst, An intermediate chamber connecting adjacent flow paths is disposed, and an auxiliary combustion catalyst using a good heat conductor as a carrier is provided in the intermediate chamber. The auxiliary combustion catalyst and the second combustion catalyst are connected to the second combustion catalyst. Because the combustion catalyst is connected, it is possible to cause heat transfer from the upstream first combustion catalyst to the second combustion catalyst by local combustion with the auxiliary combustion catalyst, and the amount of combustion can be changed. And re-ignition of the second combustion catalyst can be performed smoothly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber of the catalytic combustor . FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustor in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 4 is a sectional view of a catalytic combustor in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a combustion chamber in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of combustion chamber in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Cross section of combustion chamber in Embodiment 6 of the present invention FIG. 8 Cross section of combustion chamber in Embodiment 7 of the present invention FIG. 9 Cross section of combustion chamber in Embodiment 8 of the present invention FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a combustion chamber according to a ninth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a conventional catalytic combustor.
1 catalytic combustor body
2, 101 Combustion chamber 3 Fuel tank
4 Operation part 7 Gas ejection nozzle 8 Air suction ejector
9, 102 Primary chamber
10, 103 First combustion catalyst
11, 105 Second combustion catalyst
12, 104 intermediate chamber
13, 106 exhaust chamber
14, 107 exhaust port
15 spark plug 16 ignition device
111 Auxiliary combustion catalyst

Claims (1)

An operation section and the combustion chamber, wherein the operating unit includes an ignition device and the on-off valve and the fuel tank, said combustion chamber, that faces the gas ejection nozzle and the spark plug on the air suction ejector outlet and the first a combustion catalyst and a second combustion catalyst, the second combustion catalyst is disposed around the first combustion catalyst, an intermediate chamber connecting the adjacent flow channel in the both combustion catalyst disposed, the intermediate a good thermal conductor in the chamber an auxiliary combustion catalyst with a carrier, the auxiliary by combustion catalyst wherein the first combustion catalyst and a catalyst combustor connected to a second combustion catalyst .

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