JP3860786B2 - Coating method - Google Patents
Coating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3860786B2 JP3860786B2 JP2002262159A JP2002262159A JP3860786B2 JP 3860786 B2 JP3860786 B2 JP 3860786B2 JP 2002262159 A JP2002262159 A JP 2002262159A JP 2002262159 A JP2002262159 A JP 2002262159A JP 3860786 B2 JP3860786 B2 JP 3860786B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- group
- meth
- acrylate
- epoxy group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 72
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 45
- -1 2-ethylhexyl Chemical group 0.000 description 27
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 14
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N (z)-1-[(z)-octadec-9-enoxy]octadec-9-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)CF MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWTGRKUQJXIWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(O)C(O)CO JWTGRKUQJXIWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHAPGMVKBLELOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylpropoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)COCCO HHAPGMVKBLELOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEGZUQBZHACZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(methylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CNCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DEGZUQBZHACZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLJFKNONPLNAPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Vinyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Chemical compound C1C(C=C)CCC2OC21 SLJFKNONPLNAPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBSXSAXOLABXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Vinylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 LBSXSAXOLABXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQWAOUOHRMHSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 GQWAOUOHRMHSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N DEAEMA Natural products CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005370 alkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QHOTVLWYQNKORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound NCOC(=O)C=C QHOTVLWYQNKORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium peroxydisulfate Substances [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)OOS([O-])=O VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MLVSWIXRZNPEKF-OWOJBTEDSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C1OC1COC(=O)/C=C/C(=O)OCC1CO1 MLVSWIXRZNPEKF-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012674 dispersion polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HTJDHJZVNUTSCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium chlorite Chemical compound [O-][Cl]=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C HTJDHJZVNUTSCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N isocrotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C/C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl-benzene Natural products CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N maleamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTAVXHISZKKNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzylhex-1-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC=CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 HTAVXHISZKKNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PZUGJLOCXUNFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylaniline Chemical compound C=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 PZUGJLOCXUNFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Vinylanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C=C SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006174 synthetic rubber latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHAORIBPNRRDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium chlorite Chemical compound Cl(=O)[O-].C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(C)C NHAORIBPNRRDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KGVWWFCEYXERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC=C KGVWWFCEYXERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、密着性に優れた塗膜形成方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来技術】
建築物や土木構造物において、表面の美装と保護の目的で、各種の上塗材を塗装する方法が行われている。これら塗装仕上げにおいて、上塗材塗装の前に、下地表面の均質化、アルカリ成分等のシール、基材への水分や炭酸ガス等の浸入防止(中性化防止)、さらに、基材や既存塗膜と上塗材との密着性の向上、等々の目的で、一般に、シーラー、プライマー、サーフェーサーなどと呼ばれている下塗材が塗装されている。この下塗材としては、溶剤形・水性の各種下塗材が提供されており、下地と上塗材両面への適用性を判断し、多数ある下塗材の中から、最適なものが適宜選択され使用されている。
【0003】
一方、近年、施工される下地として使用される基材や既存塗膜の種類や、また上塗材の種類が多岐にわたり、また、表面状態も多様化してきている。これに伴い、下塗材の選定が煩雑化しており、不適切な下塗材の使用によって塗膜欠陥が生ずるおそれも高まっている。従って、下塗材の性能として、新築時、改修・改装時いずれにおいても、基材や既存塗膜の種類、上塗材の種類、表面状態によらず、幅広い適用性を有するものが求められている。
【0004】
この様な各種問題点を解決できる下塗材としては、塩化ビニル樹脂系、塩素化ポリオレフィン系等の塩素系の下塗材が挙げられる。このような塩素系下塗材は、幅広い基材、既存塗膜に対し優れた密着性を有することから広く用いられている。
【0005】
しかしながら、近年、環境保護等を背景に、塩素系の下塗材の使用は制限されつつあり、さらに、環境衛生性や作業安全性の問題により、溶剤系から水性系への転換がすすんでいる。したがって、最近では、優れた密着性を有する非塩素系の水性下塗材が切望されている。
【0006】
非塩素系の水性下塗材としては、例えば、エポキシ系の水性下塗材が挙げられる。エポキシ系の水性下塗材としては、例えば、
エポキシ基含有重合性単量体とカルボキシル基含有重合性単量体を含む水性樹脂が提案されている(特許文献1参照。)。
また、グリシジル基含有単量体を含むエマルションとアミノ基含有単量体を含むエマルションを組み合わせたプライマー組成物が提案されている(特許文献2参照。)。
特許文献1、2では、エポキシ基と、カルボキシル基またはアミノ基との架橋反応を利用することによって性能向上を狙っている。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開昭62−260870号公報(特許請求の範囲)
【特許文献2】
特開平6−73334号公報(特許請求の範囲)
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記文献の下塗材のように、エポキシ基と、カルボキシル基またはアミノ基等のエポキシ基と反応可能な官能基が共存する場合には、貯蔵中において、反応が進行し粘度が上昇してしまい、さらに、密着性も低下するという問題があった。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
これらの課題を解決するため、本発明者は鋭意検討を行い、その結果、
下地に対し、エポキシ基含有単量体を含有する特定の重合体を含有する合成樹脂エマルションを主成分とする水性下塗材を塗付し、次いで、上塗材を塗付することによって、あらゆる基材、既存塗膜等の下地に対する密着性に優れ、さらに下塗材と上塗材との密着性にも優れた塗膜が形成できることを見出し、本発明の完成に至った。
【0010】
即ち、本発明は、
1.下地に対し、疎水性単量体70〜95重量%、エポキシ基含有単量体、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体及びその他の単量体から構成される親水性単量体5〜30重量%、かつ、親水性単量体において、モル比率でエポキシ基含有単量体/全親水性単量体が0.5以上、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体/全親水性単量体が0.05以下である単量体混合物を重合して得られる、ガラス転移温度が−10〜40℃の合成樹脂エマルションを主成分とする水性下塗材を塗付し、次いで、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を有する合成樹脂を主成分とする上塗材を塗付することを特徴とする塗膜形成方法
2.エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体が、カルボキシル基含有単量体、1級アミノ基含有単量体、2級アミノ基含有単量体、1級水酸基含有単量体から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上であり、その他の単量体が、アミド基含有単量体、3級アミノ基含有単量体、2級水酸基含有単量体から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上であることを特徴とする1.に記載の塗膜形成方法
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明をその実施の形態とともに詳細に説明する。
【0012】
本発明の塗膜形成方法は、下地に対し、疎水性単量体70〜95重量%、エポキシ基含有単量体、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体及びその他の単量体から構成される親水性単量体5〜30重量%、かつ、親水性単量体において、モル比率でエポキシ基含有単量体/全親水性単量体が0.5以上、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体/全親水性単量体が0.05以下である単量体混合物を重合して得られる、ガラス転移温度が−10〜40℃の合成樹脂エマルションを主成分とする水性下塗材を塗付し、次いで、特定の上塗材を塗付するものである。
【0013】
本発明の水性下塗材は、下地に対して浸透しやすく優れた密着性を示す。また、上塗材に存在するエポキシ基と反応可能な官能基と水性下塗材に存在するエポキシ基との相互作用により、上塗材が溶剤系・水性系また弾性・硬質のあらゆる条件においても、密着性に優れるため耐久性にも優れた塗膜を形成することができる。
【0014】
(下地)
本発明の下地としては、例えば、モルタル、コンクリート、サイディングボード、押出成形板、スレート板、ケイ酸カルシウム板、ALC板、金属、木材、ガラス、陶磁器、合成樹脂等の基材、あるいはこのような基材上に形成された多種多様な既存塗膜が挙げられる。また、シーリング目地部を含む下地に対して、適用することもできる。
【0015】
既存塗膜としては、一般的に建築物の塗装に使用されるものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、JIS K 5654「アクリル樹脂エナメル」、JIS K 5656「建築用ポリウレタン樹脂塗料」、JIS K 5658「建築用ふっ素樹脂塗料」、JIS K 5660「つや有り合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K 5663「合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K 5667「多彩模様塗料」、JIS K 5668「合成樹脂エマルション模様塗料」、JIS A 6909「建築用仕上塗材」、JIS A 6021「建築用塗膜防水材」等に規定される材料によって形成されたものが好適に使用できる。
【0016】
(水性下塗材)
本発明の塗膜形成方法は、まず下地の上に、水性下塗材を塗付する。本発明の水性下塗材の主成分である合成樹脂エマルションは、疎水性単量体70〜95重量%(好ましくは75〜90重量%)、エポキシ基含有単量体、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体及びその他の単量体から構成される親水性単量体5〜30重量%(好ましくは10〜25重量%)、かつ、親水性単量体において、モル比率でエポキシ基含有単量体/全親水性単量体が0.5以上、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体/全親水性単量体が0.05以下である単量体混合物を重合して得られ、ガラス転移温度が−10〜40℃となるものである。このような構成とすることにより、初期密着性はもちろん、貯蔵後の密着性にも優れた下塗材を得ることができる。親水性単量体の比率が、上記範囲外である場合は、初期密着性や貯蔵後の密着性が劣る傾向となる。30重量%より多い場合は、耐水性も低下する傾向となる。
【0017】
疎水性単量体としては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、イソプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、sec−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、n一アミル(メタ)アクリレート、イソアミル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、オキチル(メタ)アクリレート、デシル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデセニル(メタ)アクリレート、オタタデシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、4−tert−ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、フェニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、2−フェニルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、4−メトキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体;スチレン、2−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、t−ブチルスチレン、ビニルアニソール、ビニルナフタレン、ジビニルベンゼン等の芳香族ビニル系単量体;フッ化ビニリデン等のハロゲン化ビニリデン系単量体;アクリロニトリル、メタアクリロニトリル等のニトリル基含有単量体;エチレン、プロピレン、イソプレン、ブタジエン、ビニルエーテル、ビニルケトン、シリコーンマクロマー等が挙げられ、これらのうち、1種または2種以上を複合して用いてもよい。
【0018】
親水性単量体は、エポキシ基含有単量体、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体、その他の単量体から構成されるものである。
【0019】
エポキシ基含有単量体としては、例えば、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、ジグリシジルフマレート、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4−エポキシビニルシクロヘキサン、アリルグリシジルエーテル、ε−カプロラクトン変性グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、β−メチルグリシジル(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられ、これらのうち、1種または2種以上を複合して用いてもよい。
【0020】
エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、フマル酸、イソクロトン酸、サリチル酸等のカルボキシル基含有単量体;アミノメチルアクリレート、アミノエチルアクリレート、アミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、アミノ−n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチルビニルベンジルアミン、ビニルフェニルアミン、p−アミノスチレン等の1級アミノ基含有単量体;N−メチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N−t−ブチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の2級アミノ基含有単量体;ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロールモノ(メタ)アクリレート等の1級水酸基含有単量体等が挙げられ、これらのうち、1種または2種以上を複合して用いてもよい。
【0021】
その他の単量体としては、例えば、マレイン酸アミド、(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−モノアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−メチロールアクリルアミド、N−メチロールメタクリルアミド、ジアセトンアクリルアミド、N、N−ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル(メタクリレート)、N−[3−(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル](メタ)アクリルアミド、ビニルアミド等のアミド基含有単量体;N,N−ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジエチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、N−〔2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル〕ピペリジン、N−〔2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル〕ピロリジン、N−〔2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル〕モルホリン、4−〔N,N−ジメチルアミノ〕スチレン、4−〔N,N−ジエチルアミノ〕スチレン、2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジン等の3級アミノ基含有単量体;2−ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート等の2級水酸基含有単量体、トリメトキシシリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、トリエトキシシリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルコキシシリル基含有単量体等が挙げられ、これらのうち、1種または2種以上を複合して用いてもよい。
【0022】
このような親水性単量体においては、モル比率でエポキシ基含有単量体/全親水性単量体が0.5以上(好ましくは0.6以上、さらに好ましくは0.7以上)であることを必須とする。エポキシ基含有単量体がこのような範囲内であることにより、あらゆる基材、既存塗膜等の下地に対する密着性に優れ、後述する上塗材との密着性にも優れた塗膜を形成することができる。
【0023】
また、親水性単量体においては、モル比率でエポキシ基と反応可能な単量体/全親水性単量体が0.05以下(好ましくは0.01以下、さらに好ましくは0.005以下、より好ましくは0)であることを必須とする。0.05以下とすることにより、貯蔵中にエポキシ基の反応を抑えることができ貯蔵安定性に優れた下塗材を得ることができるとともに、エポキシ基の失活を抑制し、貯蔵後の密着性にも優れた下塗材を得ることができる。
【0024】
本発明の水性下塗材では、単量体成分として、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体を含有しないか、含有しても極めて少ないため、比較的多くのエポキシ基含有単量体を含有しても、貯蔵安定性を確保することができる。
【0025】
合成樹脂エマルションの製造方法は、特に限定されず公知の方法で製造できる。例えば、水性媒体、親水性媒体中での乳化重合、懸濁重合、分散重合、溶液重合、酸化還元重合等で製造することができ、必要に応じ、多段階重合で製造することもできる。また重合後、水性媒体、親水性媒体に分散させることによって製造することもできる。この際に、必要に応じ、適宜、開始剤、乳化剤、分散剤、連鎖移動剤、緩衝剤等またはその他の添加剤等を加えることができる。
【0026】
開始剤としては、特に限定されず、公知のものを使用することができ、例えば、過酸化水素、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸カリウム等の過硫酸塩;アゾビスイソブチロニトリルおよびその塩酸塩;クメンハイドロパーオキサイド、t−ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物:これらの過硫酸塩または過酸化物と鉄イオン等の金属イオンおよびナトリウムスルボキシレート、ホルムアルデヒド、ピロ亜硫酸ソーダ、L−アスコルビン酸等の還元剤との組合せによるレドックス開始剤などがあげられる。これらの使用量は、特に限定されないが、単量体混合物100重量部に対して、0.1〜5重量部程度とすればよい。
【0027】
乳化剤としては、特に限定されず、公知のものを使用することができ、例えば、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、アルキルジフェニルエーテルジスルホン酸ナトリウム、アルキルナフタレンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ナトリウムジオクチルスルホサクシネート、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム等のアニオン性乳化剤:ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、オキシエチレン・オキシプロピレンブロックコポリマー等のノニオン性乳化剤;ラウリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライト、ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライト、トリメチルオクタデシルアンモニウムクロライト等のカチオン性乳化剤等があげられる。また、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を有する反応性乳化剤を使用すると、皮膜の耐水性等を向上させることができ、好ましい。使用される乳化剤の量は、特に限定されないが、単量体混合物100重量部に対して、0.01〜20重量部程度とすればよい。
【0028】
合成樹脂エマルションの平均粒子径は、30〜300nm、好ましくは50〜200nm程度あればよいが、特に限定されるものではない。
【0029】
合成樹脂エマルションのガラス転移温度は、−10〜40℃、好ましくは0〜35℃、さらに好ましくは5〜30℃である。ガラス転移温度が−10℃より小さいと、密着性に劣り、硬質の上塗が追従しなくなる傾向がなる。40℃より大きいと、密着性に劣り、弾性の下地に対し追従しなくなる傾向がある。
【0030】
なおガラス転移温度は、フォックス(FOX)の式より計算される値である。例えば、モノマー(1)及びモノマー(2)からなる2成分系において、それぞれのホモポリマーのガラス転移点Tg(1)およびTg(2)が分かっている場合には、該モノマー(1)及び(2)の2成分からなる共重合体のガラス転移点Tgは、次式に示すフォックス(FOX)の式(2成分)により計算値として求めることができる。
1/Tg=W(1)/Tg(1)+W(2)/Tg(2)(但し、W(1)+W(2)=1)
W(1):モノマー(1)の重量分率、W(2):モノマー(2)の重量分率、Tg(1):モノマー(1)のホモポリマーのTg値(単位:K)、Tg(2):モノマー(2)のホモポリマーのTg値(単位:K)
本発明におけるポリマーのTg値は上記の式を多成分系に一般化した式により計算したものである。
【0031】
本発明の水性下塗材は、バインダーとしては、上記の合成樹脂エマルションを必須成分とするものであり、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、その他の水溶性樹脂、水分散性樹脂等を混合することもできる。水溶性樹脂、水分散性樹脂としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、シリコン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、アクリル・酢酸ビニル樹脂、アクリル・ウレタン樹脂、アクリル・シリコン樹脂、シリコン変性アクリル樹脂、エチレン・酢酸ビニル・ベオバ樹脂、エチレン・酢酸ビニル樹脂等の樹脂溶液またはエマルション、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、アクリルニトリル−ブタジエンゴム、メタクリル酸メチル−ブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンゴム等の合成ゴムラテックス等を挙げることができる。
【0032】
また、水性下塗材はバインダー以外の成分として、発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、必要に応じ通常用いられる公知の顔料、可塑剤、造膜助剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、消泡剤、粘性調整剤、沈降防止剤、たれ防止剤等を、単独あるいは併用して配合することができる。さらに、適宜水や溶剤を加えて粘度等を調整することもできる。
【0033】
顔料としては、酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、酸化鉄、アゾ系化合物、フタロシアニン系化合物等の着色顔料、炭酸カルシウム、クレー、カオリン、タルク、沈降性硫酸バリウム、炭酸バリウム等の体質顔料を使用することができる。
【0034】
溶剤としては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール等のアルコール類、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリメチロールエタン、グリセリン等の多価アルコール類、セロソルブ、ブチルセロソルブ、イソブチルセロソルブ、カルビトール、メチルカルビトール、ブチルカルビトール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル等のエ一テル類、2,2,4−トリメチル−1,3−ペンタンジオールモノイソブチレート等のエステル類等が使用可能である。このような溶剤のうち、水に対する溶解度が20重量%以上の親水性溶剤を用いると、基材や既存塗膜への浸透性を高めることができ好ましい。
【0035】
水性下塗材の塗装方法としては、特に限定されず公知の方法で塗装することができるが、例えば、刷毛塗り、スプレー塗装、ローラー塗装、ロールコーター、フローコーター等種々の方法により塗装することができる。また、水性下塗材を塗装し乾燥してから上塗材を塗装することもできるし、水性下塗材を塗装し未乾燥のまま上塗材を塗装し同時に乾燥することもできる。乾燥は、通常常温で行えばよいが、必要に応じ高温で行うこともできる。常温乾燥の場合、上塗材との塗装間隔時間は、標準状態(度23℃、相対湿度50%雰囲気下)で、通常0.5〜5時間程度であるが、これ以上となってもよい。
【0036】
水性下塗材の塗付量としては、特に限定されないが、通常、塗付量50〜500g/m2程度、合成樹脂エマルションの固形分として5〜200g/m2程度である。また、塗装回数は、通常1回であるが、必要に応じ、工程内間隔を0.5〜3時間程度とし、複数回塗付してもよい。
【0037】
(上塗材)
本発明の塗膜形成方法では、水性下塗材を塗付した後、上塗材を塗付する。本発明の上塗材は、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を有する合成樹脂を主成分とするものであれば、特に限定されない。合成樹脂としては、溶剤型、弱溶剤型、水可溶型、水分散型のいずれの樹脂であってもよい。エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有することにより、水性下塗材に存在するエポキシ基と相互作用を起こし、上塗材が溶剤系または水性系のあらゆる形態においても、また上塗材の形成塗膜が弾性または硬質のあらゆる条件においても、密着性に優れ、耐久性の高い塗膜を形成することができる。
【0038】
エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、1級水酸基等が挙げられ、合成樹脂中に、このような少なくともエポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有する単量体から構成される重合体を含むことが好ましい。
【0039】
エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有する単量体としては、例えば、上述したようなカルボキシル基含有単量体、1級アミノ基含有単量体、2級アミノ基含有単量体、1級水酸基含有単量体等が挙げられる。
上塗材に使用する合成樹脂は、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有する単量体の他に、例えば、上述した親水性単量体、疎水性単量体等を使用することができる。
【0040】
合成樹脂における、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有する単量体は、全単量体のうち0.1〜30重量%含まれることが好ましい。
【0041】
この他に、上述した開始剤、乳化剤、分散剤、連鎖移動剤、緩衝剤等を用いて、公知の方法で、合成樹脂を作製することができる。
【0042】
このような、合成樹脂のガラス転移温度は、−40〜60℃、さらには−30〜50℃であることが好ましい。
【0043】
本発明の上塗材は、バインダーとして、上記の合成樹脂を必須成分とするものであるが、必要に応じ、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を含有しないその他の溶剤型樹脂、水可溶型樹脂、水分散型樹脂等を混合することができる。
【0044】
また、上塗材はバインダー以外の成分として、発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、必要に応じ通常用いられる公知の顔料、可塑剤、造膜助剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、消泡剤、粘性調整剤、沈降防止剤、たれ防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤等を、単独あるいは併用して配合することができる。さらに、適宜水や溶剤を加えて粘度等を調整することもできる。
【0045】
このような上塗材の形態は、一般的に建築物の塗装に使用可能なものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、JIS K 5654「アクリル樹脂エナメル」、JIS K 5656「建築用ポリウレタン樹脂塗料」、JIS K 5658「建築用ふっ素樹脂塗料」、JIS K 5660「つや有り合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K 5663「合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K 5667「多彩模様塗料」、JIS K 5668「合成樹脂エマルション模様塗料」、JIS A 6909「建築用仕上塗材」、JIS A 6021「建築用塗膜防水材」等に規定されるものが好適に使用できる。
【0046】
上塗材の塗装方法としては、特に限定されず公知の方法で塗装することができるが、例えば、刷毛塗り、スプレー塗装、ローラー塗装、ロールコーター、フローコーター等種々の方法により塗装することができる。即ち、それぞれの上塗材に最適な塗装仕様で、通常の工程に基づいて、各上塗材を塗装すればよい。
【0047】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を示し、本発明の特徴を明確にする。
【0048】
【表1】
【0049】
【表2】
【0050】
【表3】
【0051】
【表4】
【0052】
(実験例1)
表1の合成例1に示す原料比率にて製造した合成樹脂エマルション(固形分、40重量%)40重量部、添加剤(造膜助剤、消泡剤、粘性調整剤)5重量部、水55重量部を混合し、下塗材を製造した。製造した下塗材を用いて、各種試験を行った。
【0053】
1.下塗材の貯蔵安定性試験
作製した下塗材を、容量300mlのカップに250ml入れ、50℃の恒温槽で14日間貯蔵後、粘度変化を確認した。評価は以下の通りである。結果は表3に示す。下塗材が本発明の規定範囲内であるため、貯蔵安定性に優れていた。
◎:10%未満
○:粘度変化10%以上〜30%未満
△:粘度変化30%以上〜50%未満
×:粘度変化50%以上
【0054】
2.下地との密着性試験
下記に示す下地1〜4の上に、作製した直後の下塗材、50℃の恒温槽で14日間貯蔵後の下塗材をそれぞれ、塗付量150g/m2で刷毛塗りし、温度23℃、相対湿度50%雰囲気下(以下、標準状態という)で24時間乾燥養生した後、上塗材(モノマー組成:メチルメタクリレート、スチレン、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドの合成樹脂エマルション(カルボキシル基含有単量体:2重量%、固形分:50%、Tg:20℃)を主成分とするつや有り合成樹脂エマルションペイント)を塗付量300g/m2で吹付けし、標準状態で7日間乾燥養生させ、試験体を得た。作製した試験体をJIS K 5600−7−4に準じ、23±2℃の水中に18時間浸した後、直ちに−20±2℃に保った恒温槽に3時間冷却し、次に50±2℃に保った別の恒温槽で3時間加温した。この操作を10回繰り返した後、標準状態にて約24時間置いた試験体をJIS K 5600−5−6に準じ、碁盤目テープ法にて密着性を評価した。評価は以下の通りである。結果は表3に示す。下塗材が本発明の規定範囲内であるため、下地1〜4のいずれの下地に対しても優れた密着性を示した。
◎:剥れた欠損部の面積が5%未満
○:剥れた欠損部の面積が5%以上15%未満
△:剥れた欠損部の面積が15%以上35%未満
×:剥れた欠損部の面積が35%以上
【0055】
なお下地としては、以下のものを使用した。
下地1:300×150×6mmのスレート板
下地2:300×150×6mmのケイ酸カルシウム板
下地3:300×150×6mmのスレート板の表面に、ミラクシーラーES(エスケー化研株式会社製)を塗付量150g/m2で吹付け、2時間乾燥させた後、SKアクリルカラー(エスケー化研株式会社製、アクリル樹脂エナメル)を塗付量300g/m2で吹付け、その後、1年間屋外暴露したもの
下地4:300×150×6mmのスレート板の表面に、EXシーラー(エスケー化研株式会社製)を塗付量150g/m2で吹付け、2時間乾燥させた後、ニュートップレスクリーン(エスケー化研株式会社製、水性単層弾性塗材)を塗付量1800g/m2でローラーで塗付し、その後、1年間屋外暴露したもの
【0056】
3.上塗材との密着性試験
300×150×6mmのスレート板の上に、作製した直後の下塗材、50℃の恒温槽で14日間貯蔵後の下塗材をそれぞれ、塗付量150g/m2で刷毛塗りし、標準状態で、24時間乾燥させた後、その上に上塗材1〜4を塗付量300g/m2で吹付けし、7日間乾燥させ、試験体を得た。作製した試験体をJIS K 5600−7−4に準じ、23±2℃の水中に18時間浸した後、直ちに−20±2℃に保った恒温槽に3時間冷却し、次に50±2℃に保った別の恒温槽で3時間加温した。この操作を10回繰り返した後、標準状態にて約24時間置いた試験体をJIS K 5600−5−6に準じ、碁盤目テープ法にて密着性を評価した。評価は以下の通りである。結果は表3に示す。下塗材及び上塗材が本発明の規定範囲内であるため、上塗材1〜3のいずれの上塗材に対しても優れた密着性を示した。上塗材4はエポキシ基と反応可能な官能基が存在しないため、密着性に劣る結果となった。
◎:剥れた欠損部の面積が5%未満
○:剥れた欠損部の面積が5%以上15%未満
△:剥れた欠損部の面積が15%以上35%未満
×:剥れた欠損部の面積が35%以上
【0057】
なお上塗材としては、以下のものを使用した。
上塗材1:合成樹脂エマルション(モノマー組成:メチルメタクリレート、スチレン、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート、メタクリル酸、アクリルアミド、カルボキシル基含有単量体:3重量%、固形分:50%、Tg:0℃)を主成分とするつや有り合成樹脂エマルションペイント
上塗材2:合成樹脂エマルション(モノマー組成:メチルメタクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレート、メチルトリエトキシシラン、メタクリル酸、カルボキシル基含有単量体:4重量%、固形分:50%、Tg:30℃)を主成分とする合成樹脂エマルションペイント
上塗材3:合成樹脂(モノマー組成:メチルメタクリレート、スチレン、n−ブチルアクリレート、N−メチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、2級アミノ基含有単量体:2重量%、固形分:50%、Tg:0℃)を主成分とするアクリル樹脂エナメル
上塗材4:合成樹脂エマルション(モノマー組成:メチルメタクリレート、スチレン、n−ブチルアクリレート、アクリルアミド、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基なし、固形分:50%、Tg:0℃)を主成分とする合成樹脂エマルションペイント
【0058】
(実験例2〜8)
表1の原料配合以外は、実験例1と同様の方法で、下塗材を作製した。作製した下塗材を用いて、各種試験を行った。結果は表3に示す。下塗材が本発明に規定範囲内であるため、貯蔵安定性に優れていた。また、下地1〜4及び上塗材1〜3との密着性にも優れていた。上塗材4はエポキシ基と反応可能な官能基が存在しないため、密着性に劣る結果となった。
【0059】
(実験例9〜15)
表2の原料配合以外は、実験例1と同様の方法で、下塗材を作製した。作製した下塗材を用いて、各種試験を行った。結果は表4に示す。下塗材が本発明に規定範囲外であるため、貯蔵安定性、下地1〜4及び上塗材1〜4との密着性に一部劣る結果がみられた。
【0060】
【発明の効果】
本発明の塗膜形成方法は、あらゆる基材、既存塗膜に対する初期密着性、貯蔵後の密着性に優れており、さらに下塗材と上塗材との密着性にも優れ、耐久性の高い塗膜が得られた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for forming a coating film having excellent adhesion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In buildings and civil engineering structures, various coating methods are applied for the purpose of aesthetics and protection of the surface. In these coating finishes, before coating the top coat, homogenization of the base surface, sealing of alkali components, etc., prevention of infiltration of moisture and carbon dioxide into the base material (preventing neutralization), and further, the base material and existing coating For the purpose of improving the adhesion between the film and the overcoat material, a primer material generally called a sealer, primer, surfacer or the like is applied. As this primer, various solvent-based and water-based primer materials are provided. Applicability to both the base and the top coating material is judged, and the most appropriate primer material is appropriately selected and used. ing.
[0003]
On the other hand, in recent years, there are a wide variety of types of base materials and existing coating films used as the foundation to be constructed, and types of top coating materials, and the surface state has also diversified. As a result, the selection of primer materials has become complicated, and the risk of coating film defects occurring due to inappropriate use of primer materials has increased. Therefore, the performance of the primer is required to have a wide range of applicability regardless of the type of base material, existing coating film, type of topcoat material, and surface condition, both at the time of new construction and renovation / renovation. .
[0004]
Examples of the primer that can solve such various problems include chlorine-based primer such as vinyl chloride resin and chlorinated polyolefin. Such a chlorine-based primer is widely used because it has excellent adhesion to a wide range of substrates and existing coatings.
[0005]
However, in recent years, the use of chlorine-based primer materials is being restricted against the background of environmental protection and the like, and the shift from a solvent system to an aqueous system has been promoted due to problems of environmental hygiene and work safety. Therefore, recently, a non-chlorine-based aqueous primer having excellent adhesion has been eagerly desired.
[0006]
Examples of the non-chlorine-based water-based undercoat material include epoxy-based water-based undercoat materials. As an epoxy-based aqueous primer, for example,
An aqueous resin containing an epoxy group-containing polymerizable monomer and a carboxyl group-containing polymerizable monomer has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
Moreover, the primer composition which combined the emulsion containing a glycidyl group containing monomer and the emulsion containing an amino group containing monomer is proposed (refer patent document 2).
In Patent Documents 1 and 2, performance improvement is aimed at by utilizing a cross-linking reaction between an epoxy group and a carboxyl group or an amino group.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-62-260870 (Claims)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-73334 (Claims)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when an epoxy group and a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group such as a carboxyl group or an amino group coexist as in the primer of the above document, the reaction proceeds and the viscosity increases during storage. In addition, there is a problem that the adhesion is also lowered.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve these problems, the present inventor has intensively studied, and as a result,
Any base material can be applied to the base by applying an aqueous undercoat mainly composed of a synthetic resin emulsion containing a specific polymer containing an epoxy group-containing monomer, and then applying an overcoat. The present inventors have found that it is possible to form a coating film that is excellent in adhesion to an underlayer such as an existing coating film and that is excellent in adhesion between an undercoat material and a top coating material, and has completed the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the present invention
1. Hydrophobic monomer 70 to 95% by weight, hydrophilic monomer 5 to 30% composed of epoxy group-containing monomer, monomer capable of reacting with epoxy group and other monomer %, And the hydrophilic monomer has a molar ratio of epoxy group-containing monomer / total hydrophilic monomer of 0.5 or more, monomer capable of reacting with epoxy group / total hydrophilic monomer Aqueous primer that consists of a synthetic resin emulsion with a glass transition temperature of -10 to 40 ° C., obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture of 0.05 or less, can be applied and then reacted with epoxy groups. Coating method comprising applying a top coating material mainly composed of a synthetic resin having various functional groups
2. The monomer capable of reacting with the epoxy group is at least one selected from a carboxyl group-containing monomer, a primary amino group-containing monomer, a secondary amino group-containing monomer, and a primary hydroxyl group-containing monomer. The other monomer is at least one selected from an amide group-containing monomer, a tertiary amino group-containing monomer, and a secondary hydroxyl group-containing monomer. Coating film forming method according to
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail together with embodiments thereof.
[0012]
The coating film forming method of the present invention is composed of a hydrophobic monomer of 70 to 95% by weight, an epoxy group-containing monomer, a monomer capable of reacting with an epoxy group, and other monomers with respect to the base. 5 to 30% by weight of the hydrophilic monomer, and in the hydrophilic monomer, the epoxy group-containing monomer / total hydrophilic monomer is 0.5 or more in a molar ratio, and a single amount capable of reacting with the epoxy group Applying an aqueous base material composed mainly of a synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition temperature of −10 to 40 ° C. obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture having a body / total hydrophilic monomer of 0.05 or less Then, a specific top coat material is applied.
[0013]
The aqueous undercoat material of the present invention easily penetrates into the base and exhibits excellent adhesion. In addition, the adhesion between the functional group capable of reacting with the epoxy group present in the topcoat and the epoxy group present in the aqueous basecoat allows adhesion of the topcoat in any solvent-based, water-based, or elastic / hard conditions. Therefore, a coating film having excellent durability can be formed.
[0014]
(Base)
Examples of the base of the present invention include base materials such as mortar, concrete, siding board, extruded board, slate board, calcium silicate board, ALC board, metal, wood, glass, ceramics, and synthetic resin, or such A wide variety of existing coating films formed on a substrate can be mentioned. Further, the present invention can be applied to a base including a sealing joint.
[0015]
The existing coating film is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for building coating. For example, JIS K 5654 “acrylic resin enamel”, JIS K 5656 “polyurethane resin coating for building” ”, JIS K 5658“ Fluorine resin paint for construction ”, JIS K 5660“ Synthetic resin emulsion paint with gloss ”, JIS K 5663“ Synthetic resin emulsion paint ”, JIS K 5667“ Various pattern paint ”, JIS K 5668“ Synthetic resin ” Those formed of materials specified in “emulsion pattern paint”, JIS A 6909 “finishing coating material for building”, JIS A 6021 “waterproofing material for architectural coating”, and the like can be suitably used.
[0016]
(Water-based primer)
In the method for forming a coating film of the present invention, first, an aqueous primer is applied on a base. The synthetic resin emulsion which is the main component of the aqueous primer of the present invention comprises a hydrophobic monomer of 70 to 95% by weight (preferably 75 to 90% by weight), an epoxy group-containing monomer, and a single monomer capable of reacting with an epoxy group. 5-30 wt% (preferably 10-25 wt%) of a hydrophilic monomer composed of a monomer and other monomers, and an epoxy group-containing monomer in a molar ratio in the hydrophilic monomer Obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture having a total hydrophilic monomer of 0.5 or more and a monomer capable of reacting with an epoxy group, or a total hydrophilic monomer of 0.05 or less, and having a glass transition temperature Is -10 to 40 ° C. By setting it as such a structure, the primer which was excellent also in the adhesiveness after storage as well as initial adhesiveness can be obtained. When the ratio of the hydrophilic monomer is outside the above range, the initial adhesion and the adhesion after storage tend to be inferior. When it is more than 30% by weight, the water resistance tends to decrease.
[0017]
Examples of the hydrophobic monomer include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, and t-butyl (meth). Acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, sec-butyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, trifluoroethyl (meth) acrylate, n-amyl (meth) acrylate, isoamyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, dodecenyl (meth) acrylate, otatadecyl (meth) Acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, 2-phenylethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (Meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate monomer such as 4-methoxybutyl (meth) acrylate; styrene, 2-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, t-butylstyrene, vinylanisole, vinylnaphthalene, divinylbenzene, etc. Aromatic vinyl monomers; vinylidene halide monomers such as vinylidene fluoride; nitrile group-containing monomers such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; ethylene, propylene, isoprene, butadiene, vinyl Ethers, vinyl ketones, silicone macromers, and the like, among these, may be used in combination one or two or more.
[0018]
The hydrophilic monomer is composed of an epoxy group-containing monomer, a monomer that can react with the epoxy group, and other monomers.
[0019]
Examples of the epoxy group-containing monomer include glycidyl (meth) acrylate, diglycidyl fumarate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 3,4-epoxyvinylcyclohexane, allyl glycidyl ether, and ε-caprolactone-modified glycidyl. (Meth) acrylate, β-methylglycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the like may be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.
[0020]
Examples of monomers capable of reacting with epoxy groups include, for example, (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, isocrotonic acid, salicylic acid and other carboxyl group-containing monomers; aminomethyl acrylate, amino Primary amino group-containing monomers such as ethyl acrylate, aminopropyl (meth) acrylate, amino-n-butyl (meth) acrylate, butylvinylbenzylamine, vinylphenylamine, p-aminostyrene; N-methylaminoethyl ( Secondary amino group-containing monomers such as meth) acrylate and Nt-butylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate; 1 such as hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate and glycerol mono (meth) acrylate Secondary hydroxyl group-containing monomers Of these, it may be used in combination one or two or more.
[0021]
Examples of other monomers include maleic acid amide, (meth) acrylamide, N-monoalkyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, N, N-dialkyl (meta ) Amide group-containing monomers such as acrylamide, 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl (methacrylate), N- [3- (dimethylamino) propyl] (meth) acrylamide, vinylamide; N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) Acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, N- [2- (meth) a Liloyloxyethyl] piperidine, N- [2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl] pyrrolidine, N- [2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl] morpholine, 4- [N, N-dimethylamino] styrene, 4- [ N, N-diethylamino] tertiary amino group-containing monomers such as styrene, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; secondary hydroxyl group-containing monomers such as 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, trimethoxysilylpropyl Examples include alkoxysilyl group-containing monomers such as (meth) acrylate and triethoxysilylpropyl (meth) acrylate, and one or more of these may be used in combination.
[0022]
In such a hydrophilic monomer, the epoxy group-containing monomer / total hydrophilic monomer is 0.5 or more (preferably 0.6 or more, more preferably 0.7 or more) in molar ratio. It is essential. When the epoxy group-containing monomer is within such a range, it forms a coating film that is excellent in adhesion to the base of all base materials, existing coating films, etc., and also excellent in adhesion to the coating material described later. be able to.
[0023]
In the hydrophilic monomer, the monomer / total hydrophilic monomer capable of reacting with the epoxy group in a molar ratio is 0.05 or less (preferably 0.01 or less, more preferably 0.005 or less, More preferably, it must be 0). By making it 0.05 or less, it is possible to suppress the reaction of the epoxy group during storage and obtain an undercoat material excellent in storage stability, suppress the deactivation of the epoxy group, and adherence after storage In addition, an excellent primer can be obtained.
[0024]
In the water-based undercoat material of the present invention, the monomer component does not contain a monomer capable of reacting with an epoxy group or contains a very small amount of an epoxy group-containing monomer. In addition, storage stability can be ensured.
[0025]
The manufacturing method of a synthetic resin emulsion is not specifically limited, It can manufacture by a well-known method. For example, it can be produced by emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, dispersion polymerization, solution polymerization, oxidation-reduction polymerization or the like in an aqueous medium or a hydrophilic medium, and can also be produced by multistage polymerization as necessary. Moreover, it can also manufacture by disperse | distributing to an aqueous medium and a hydrophilic medium after superposition | polymerization. At this time, an initiator, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a chain transfer agent, a buffering agent, and other additives or the like can be appropriately added as necessary.
[0026]
The initiator is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used. Examples thereof include persulfates such as hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; azobisisobutyronitrile and its hydrochloride; cumene Organic peroxides such as hydroperoxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide: These persulfates or peroxides and metal ions such as iron ions, sodium sulfoxylate, formaldehyde, pyropyrosulfite, L-ascorbic acid And redox initiators in combination with a reducing agent such as Although these usage-amounts are not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to be about 0.1-5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of monomer mixtures.
[0027]
The emulsifier is not particularly limited and known ones can be used, such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium alkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, poly Anionic emulsifiers such as sodium oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate: polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, oxyethylene Nonionic emulsifiers such as oxypropylene block copolymers; lauryltrimethylammonium chlorite, Allyl trimethyl ammonium chlorite, cationic emulsifiers such as trimethyl octadecyl ammonium chlorite and the like. In addition, the use of a reactive emulsifier having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferable because the water resistance of the film can be improved. The amount of the emulsifier used is not particularly limited, but may be about 0.01 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
[0028]
The average particle size of the synthetic resin emulsion may be about 30 to 300 nm, preferably about 50 to 200 nm, but is not particularly limited.
[0029]
The glass transition temperature of the synthetic resin emulsion is −10 to 40 ° C., preferably 0 to 35 ° C., more preferably 5 to 30 ° C. When the glass transition temperature is lower than −10 ° C., the adhesiveness is inferior, and the hard top coat tends not to follow. When it is higher than 40 ° C., the adhesion tends to be inferior and the elastic base tends not to be followed.
[0030]
The glass transition temperature is a value calculated from the Fox (FOX) equation. For example, in a two-component system composed of monomer (1) and monomer (2), when the glass transition points Tg (1) and Tg (2) of the respective homopolymers are known, the monomers (1) and ( The glass transition point Tg of the two-component copolymer 2) can be obtained as a calculated value from the Fox (FOX) formula (two components) shown in the following formula.
1 / Tg = W (1) / Tg (1) + W (2) / Tg (2) (W (1) + W (2) = 1)
W (1): weight fraction of monomer (1), W (2): weight fraction of monomer (2), Tg (1): Tg value of homopolymer of monomer (1) (unit: K), Tg (2): Tg value (unit: K) of homopolymer of monomer (2)
The Tg value of the polymer in the present invention is calculated by a generalized formula of the above formula to a multicomponent system.
[0031]
The water-based undercoat material of the present invention contains the above synthetic resin emulsion as an essential component as a binder, and other water-soluble resins, water-dispersible resins, and the like are mixed unless the effects of the present invention are impaired. You can also. Examples of water-soluble resins and water-dispersible resins include acrylic resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, vinyl acetate resins, silicone resins, fluororesins, acrylic / vinyl acetate resins, acrylic / urethane resins, acrylic / silicon resins, and silicon-modified resins. Resin solutions or emulsions such as acrylic resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate / veova resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate resin, synthetic rubber latex such as styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, methyl methacrylate-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, etc. Can be mentioned.
[0032]
In addition, the aqueous undercoat is a component other than the binder, and is a known pigment, plasticizer, film-forming aid, antiseptic, antifungal agent, antifoaming agent, which is usually used as necessary, as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired. Viscosity modifiers, anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, and the like can be blended alone or in combination. Furthermore, viscosity etc. can also be adjusted by adding water and a solvent suitably.
[0033]
As the pigment, it is possible to use coloring pigments such as titanium oxide, carbon black, iron oxide, azo compounds, and phthalocyanine compounds, and extender pigments such as calcium carbonate, clay, kaolin, talc, precipitated barium sulfate, and barium carbonate. it can.
[0034]
Solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol, polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylol ethane, and glycerin, cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and isobutyl cellosolve. , Ethers such as carbitol, methyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and esters such as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate can be used. is there. Of these solvents, it is preferable to use a hydrophilic solvent having a solubility in water of 20% by weight or more because it can improve the permeability to the base material and the existing coating film.
[0035]
The coating method of the aqueous primer is not particularly limited and can be applied by a known method. For example, it can be applied by various methods such as brush coating, spray coating, roller coating, roll coater, and flow coater. . The topcoat material can be applied after the aqueous basecoat material is applied and dried, or the aqueous basecoat material can be applied and the topcoat material can be applied undried and simultaneously dried. The drying may be usually performed at room temperature, but can be performed at a high temperature as necessary. In the case of drying at room temperature, the coating interval time with the top coating material is normally about 0.5 to 5 hours in a standard state (degree 23 ° C., relative humidity 50% atmosphere), but may be longer than this.
[0036]
The coating amount of the aqueous primer is not particularly limited, but is usually 50 to 500 g / m. 2 About 5 to 200 g / m as the solid content of the synthetic resin emulsion 2 Degree. In addition, the number of times of coating is usually one time, but if necessary, the in-process interval may be set to about 0.5 to 3 hours and may be applied a plurality of times.
[0037]
(Coating material)
In the coating film forming method of the present invention, after applying the aqueous undercoat material, the overcoat material is applied. The topcoat material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is mainly composed of a synthetic resin having a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group. The synthetic resin may be any resin of solvent type, weak solvent type, water-soluble type, and water dispersion type. By containing a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group, it interacts with an epoxy group present in an aqueous primer, and the coating film of the topcoat is formed in any form of a solvent-based or water-based coating material. A coating film having excellent adhesion and high durability can be formed under all conditions of elasticity or hardness.
[0038]
Examples of the functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group include a carboxyl group, a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, and a primary hydroxyl group. In the synthetic resin, such a functional group capable of reacting with at least an epoxy group. It is preferable to include a polymer composed of a monomer containing a group.
[0039]
Examples of the monomer containing a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group include a carboxyl group-containing monomer, a primary amino group-containing monomer, a secondary amino group-containing monomer, and a primary as described above. Examples thereof include a hydroxyl group-containing monomer.
As the synthetic resin used for the top coating material, for example, the above-described hydrophilic monomer, hydrophobic monomer and the like can be used in addition to the monomer containing a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group.
[0040]
The monomer containing a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group in the synthetic resin is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight among all monomers.
[0041]
In addition to this, a synthetic resin can be produced by a known method using the initiator, the emulsifier, the dispersant, the chain transfer agent, the buffer, and the like.
[0042]
The glass transition temperature of such a synthetic resin is preferably −40 to 60 ° C., more preferably −30 to 50 ° C.
[0043]
The topcoat material of the present invention contains the above-mentioned synthetic resin as an essential component as a binder, but if necessary, other solvent-type resins and water-soluble resins that do not contain a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group A water-dispersed resin or the like can be mixed.
[0044]
In addition, as a component other than the binder, the top coating material is a known pigment, plasticizer, film-forming aid, preservative, antifungal agent, antifoaming agent, viscosity, which is usually used as necessary, as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired. An adjusting agent, an anti-settling agent, an anti-sagging agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and the like can be blended alone or in combination. Furthermore, viscosity etc. can also be adjusted by adding water and a solvent suitably.
[0045]
The form of such a top coating material is not particularly limited as long as it is generally usable for painting of buildings. For example, JIS K 5654 “acrylic resin enamel”, JIS K 5656 “architectural use” Polyurethane resin paint ”, JIS K 5658“ Fluorine resin paint for building ”, JIS K 5660“ Synthetic resin emulsion paint with gloss ”, JIS K 5663“ Synthetic resin emulsion paint ”, JIS K 5667“ Multi-color paint ”, JIS K 5668 Those specified in “synthetic resin emulsion pattern paint”, JIS A 6909 “finishing coating material for building”, JIS A 6021 “waterproofing material for architectural coating” and the like can be suitably used.
[0046]
The method for coating the top coat material is not particularly limited and can be applied by a known method. For example, it can be applied by various methods such as brush coating, spray coating, roller coating, roll coater, and flow coater. That is, each top coating material may be applied based on a normal process with the optimum coating specifications for each top coating material.
[0047]
【Example】
Examples are given below to clarify the features of the present invention.
[0048]
[Table 1]
[0049]
[Table 2]
[0050]
[Table 3]
[0051]
[Table 4]
[0052]
(Experimental example 1)
40 parts by weight of a synthetic resin emulsion (solid content, 40% by weight) manufactured at the raw material ratio shown in Synthesis Example 1 in Table 1, 5 parts by weight of additives (film-forming aid, antifoaming agent, viscosity modifier), water 55 parts by weight were mixed to produce a primer. Various tests were performed using the prepared primer.
[0053]
1. Storage stability test of primer
250 ml of the prepared undercoat material was put into a 300 ml capacity cup and stored for 14 days in a thermostatic bath at 50 ° C., and then the viscosity change was confirmed. The evaluation is as follows. The results are shown in Table 3. Since the undercoating material was within the specified range of the present invention, the storage stability was excellent.
A: Less than 10%
○: Viscosity change from 10% to less than 30%
Δ: Viscosity change 30% to less than 50%
X: Viscosity change 50% or more
[0054]
2. Adhesion test with substrate
On the undercoats 1 to 4 shown below, the undercoat material immediately after preparation and the undercoat material after storage for 14 days in a thermostatic bath at 50 ° C. are each applied in an amount of 150 g / m. 2 After applying with a brush, drying and curing for 24 hours under an atmosphere of 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity (hereinafter referred to as standard state), a top coating material (monomer composition: methyl methacrylate, styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide) A coating amount of 300 g / m of a synthetic resin emulsion (a glossy synthetic resin emulsion paint whose main component is a carboxyl group-containing monomer: 2% by weight, solid content: 50%, Tg: 20 ° C.) 2 And dried for 7 days under standard conditions to obtain a test specimen. The prepared specimen was immersed in 23 ± 2 ° C. water for 18 hours in accordance with JIS K 5600-7-4, then immediately cooled in a thermostatic bath maintained at −20 ± 2 ° C. for 3 hours, and then 50 ± 2 The mixture was heated for 3 hours in a separate thermostat kept at ° C. After repeating this operation 10 times, a test specimen placed in a standard state for about 24 hours was evaluated for adhesion by a cross-cut tape method according to JIS K 5600-5-6. The evaluation is as follows. The results are shown in Table 3. Since the undercoat material was within the specified range of the present invention, excellent adhesion was exhibited with respect to any of the bases 1 to 4.
A: The area of the peeled defect is less than 5%
○: The area of the peeled defect portion is 5% or more and less than 15%.
Δ: The area of the peeled defect portion is 15% or more and less than 35%.
X: The area of the removed defect part is 35% or more.
[0055]
In addition, the following was used as the groundwork.
Base 1: 300 x 150 x 6mm slate plate
Base 2: 300 x 150 x 6 mm calcium silicate plate
Base 3: Miraxealer ES (manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd.) is applied to the surface of a 300 × 150 × 6 mm slate plate in an amount of 150 g / m 2 After spraying for 2 hours and drying, SK acrylic color (manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd., acrylic resin enamel) is applied at 300 g / m. 2 And then exposed outdoors for 1 year
Base 4: EX sealer (manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd.) is applied to the surface of a 300 × 150 × 6 mm slate plate in an amount of 150 g / m 2 After spraying for 2 hours and drying, New Topless Screen (manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd., aqueous single-layer elastic coating material) is applied in an amount of 1800 g / m. 2 With a roller and then exposed outdoors for 1 year
[0056]
3. Adhesion test with top coating material
On the 300 × 150 × 6 mm slate plate, the primer immediately after production and the primer after storage for 14 days in a thermostatic bath at 50 ° C. are each applied in an amount of 150 g / m. 2 After coating with a brush and drying in a standard state for 24 hours, the top coating materials 1 to 4 are applied on the top coating material of 300 g / m. 2 And dried for 7 days to obtain a test specimen. The prepared specimen was immersed in 23 ± 2 ° C. water for 18 hours in accordance with JIS K 5600-7-4, then immediately cooled in a thermostatic bath maintained at −20 ± 2 ° C. for 3 hours, and then 50 ± 2 The mixture was heated for 3 hours in a separate thermostat kept at ° C. After repeating this operation 10 times, a test specimen placed in a standard state for about 24 hours was evaluated for adhesion by a cross-cut tape method according to JIS K 5600-5-6. The evaluation is as follows. The results are shown in Table 3. Since the undercoating material and the overcoating material were within the specified range of the present invention, excellent adhesion was exhibited with respect to any of the overcoating materials 1 to 3. Since the top coating material 4 did not have a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group, the adhesion was inferior.
A: The area of the peeled defect is less than 5%
○: The area of the peeled defect portion is 5% or more and less than 15%.
Δ: The area of the peeled defect portion is 15% or more and less than 35%.
X: The area of the removed defect part is 35% or more.
[0057]
The following materials were used as the top coating material.
Top coating material 1: Synthetic resin emulsion (monomer composition: methyl methacrylate, styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, carboxyl group-containing monomer: 3% by weight, solid content: 50%, Tg: 0 ° C.) Shiny synthetic resin emulsion paint as an ingredient
Top coat material 2: Synthetic resin emulsion (monomer composition: methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyltriethoxysilane, methacrylic acid, carboxyl group-containing monomer: 4% by weight, solid content: 50%, Tg: 30 ° C.) Synthetic resin emulsion paint as main component
Top coating material 3: synthetic resin (monomer composition: methyl methacrylate, styrene, n-butyl acrylate, N-methylaminoethyl methacrylate, secondary amino group-containing monomer: 2% by weight, solid content: 50%, Tg: 0 ° C. ) Acrylic resin enamel
Top coating material 4: Synthetic resin emulsion (monomer composition: methyl methacrylate, styrene, n-butyl acrylate, acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, no functional group capable of reacting with epoxy group, solid content: 50%, Tg: 0 ° C.) Synthetic resin emulsion paint based on
[0058]
(Experimental Examples 2-8)
Undercoat materials were prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except for the raw material blends shown in Table 1. Various tests were performed using the prepared primer. The results are shown in Table 3. Since the primer was within the range specified in the present invention, it was excellent in storage stability. Moreover, it was excellent also in adhesiveness with the foundation | substrates 1-4 and topcoat materials 1-3. Since the top coating material 4 did not have a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group, the adhesion was inferior.
[0059]
(Experimental Examples 9 to 15)
An undercoat material was produced in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except for the raw material composition shown in Table 2. Various tests were performed using the prepared primer. The results are shown in Table 4. Since the undercoating material was outside the specified range in the present invention, the storage stability and the results of partial inferior adhesion to the bases 1 to 4 and the top coating materials 1 to 4 were observed.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
The coating film forming method of the present invention is excellent in initial adhesion to all base materials and existing coating films and adhesion after storage, and also excellent in adhesion between the undercoat material and the top coating material and highly durable. A membrane was obtained.
Claims (2)
疎水性単量体70〜95重量%、エポキシ基含有単量体、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体及びその他の単量体から構成される親水性単量体5〜30重量%、かつ、親水性単量体において、モル比率でエポキシ基含有単量体/全親水性単量体が0.5以上、エポキシ基と反応可能な単量体/全親水性単量体が0.05以下である単量体混合物を重合して得られる、ガラス転移温度が−10〜40℃の合成樹脂エマルションを主成分とする水性下塗材を塗付し、次いで、
エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を有する合成樹脂を主成分とする上塗材を塗付することを特徴とする塗膜形成方法For the groundwork
Hydrophobic monomer 70 to 95% by weight, epoxy group-containing monomer, 5% to 30% by weight of a hydrophilic monomer composed of a monomer capable of reacting with an epoxy group and other monomers, and In the hydrophilic monomer, the molar ratio of epoxy group-containing monomer / total hydrophilic monomer is 0.5 or more, and the monomer capable of reacting with epoxy group / total hydrophilic monomer is 0.05 or less. An aqueous base material mainly composed of a synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition temperature of −10 to 40 ° C. obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture is applied,
A method for forming a coating film, comprising applying a top coating material mainly composed of a synthetic resin having a functional group capable of reacting with an epoxy group
その他の単量体が、アミド基含有単量体、3級アミノ基含有単量体、2級水酸基含有単量体から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の塗膜形成方法The monomer capable of reacting with the epoxy group is at least one selected from a carboxyl group-containing monomer, a primary amino group-containing monomer, a secondary amino group-containing monomer, and a primary hydroxyl group-containing monomer. And
The other monomer is at least one selected from an amide group-containing monomer, a tertiary amino group-containing monomer, and a secondary hydroxyl group-containing monomer. Coating method
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