JP3867271B2 - Flame retardants and pulp fiber products - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a flame retarding technique for paper such as wrapping paper and wallpaper, and pulp fiber products such as cardboard and pulp fiber board.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Aluminum hydroxide is widely used as a flame retardant for pulp fiber products.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Aluminum hydroxide is a water-insoluble solid powder, and when it is mixed in a large amount with pulp, the physical strength of the pulp fiber product is lowered. Therefore, the present inventor diligently researched a flame retardant for pulp fiber products, and obtained knowledge that ammonium sulfate is extremely inexpensive and extremely effective for flame retardant of pulp fiber products. However, the quality of the pulp fiber product flame-retarded with ammonium sulfate changes with time, and the color change deteriorates. To examine this point, ammonium sulfate, which is used for fertilizer and causes acidification of soil, undergoes hydrolysis due to atmospheric moisture, and the resulting sulfuric acid component acidifies pulp fibers. It was thought that the discoloration deteriorated and the ammonium component generated at the same time was vaporized and diffused into the atmosphere, and the flame retardancy of the pulp fiber was lowered.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the present invention suppresses hydrolysis due to moisture in the atmosphere of ammonium sulfate used for flame retardancy of pulp fiber products, prevents discoloration and deterioration of pulp fiber products without impairing the flame retardant function, The objective is to economically obtain quality flame-retardant pulp fiber products.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The flame retardant according to the present invention is obtained by mixing any one or more of triethanolamine, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide with ammonium sulfate. Features.
[0006]
The second feature of the flame retardant according to the present invention is that any one or more of triethanolamine, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide is added to 100 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate. And 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight.
[0007]
The pulp fiber product according to the present invention is composed mainly of cellulosic pulp, and contains at least one of triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide. A first feature is that a flame retardant mixed with ammonium sulfate is added.
[0008]
The second feature of the pulp fiber product according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the pulp fiber product is composed of waste paper pulp as a main material.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, “cellulosic pulp” is obtained by beating vegetation such as kenaf and conifers that are distinguished from synthetic resin pulp made of thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyolefin fibers, polyester fibers, and acrylic fibers. This refers to pulp made from plant fibers and cellulosic fibers such as rayon starting from those plant fibers. In addition to fresh pulp that beats plants, newspapers, magazines, paper, shoji paper, wallpaper Also included are wrapping paper, tissue paper, wet tissue, cardboard, paper milk cartons, paper cement bags, gypsum board surface protection paper, waste paper pulp beaten with fibrous boards and the like. Accordingly, in the “pulp fiber product” in the present invention, in addition to papermaking paper, shoji paper, wallpaper, gypsum board surface protection paper, etc. that require flame retardancy, a surface plate or molding metal like a fiber board is used. Also included are fiber molded articles that are pressure molded between molds.
[0010]
Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide are used as the alkali metal hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and cerium hydroxide are used as the alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
[0011]
Ammonium sulfate, triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide are each prepared as an aqueous solution and used by kneading with cellulosic pulp (hereinafter simply referred to as pulp). . Ammonium sulfate is a main component of a flame retardant for pulp fiber products, and is preferably used by mixing 5 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of pulp. Triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxides, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides are used as decomposition inhibitors to suppress hydrolysis of ammonium sulfate by atmospheric moisture or as acidification inhibitors for pulp fiber products. They are used by mixing 10 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate. Any one of triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide may be used as a hydrolysis inhibitor or acidification inhibitor, and any two or more of them may be used. It is not always necessary to use together. The most suitable hydrolysis inhibitor or acidification inhibitor is triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide is particularly recommended.
[0012]
The reason why triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide contribute to the prevention of discoloration of pulp fiber products is not necessarily clear, but these are directly or It seems that the compound with ammonium sulfate functions like a PH buffer, suppresses hydrolysis of ammonium sulfate due to moisture in the atmosphere, and suppresses acidification of the pulp fiber product. However, the flame retardant for pulp fiber products based on ammonium sulfate itself, or the pulp fiber product itself made flame retardant by itself, is triethanolamine itself, alkali metal hydroxide itself, or Further, it does not include the alkaline earth metal hydroxide itself, but includes a product of triethanolamine, an alkali metal hydroxide, or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide and ammonium sulfate. May be. The reason why triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide act on pulp fiber products to prevent discoloration. This is because it is not always clear.
[0013]
However, when applying ammonium sulfate with triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, or alkaline earth metal hydroxide added to a pulp fiber product as a flame retardant, it is not necessary to add them. A flameproof effect equivalent to that obtained when ammonium sulfate is applied as a flame retardant is obtained, and the amount of addition to 100 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate is 1 part by weight or less without causing discoloration deterioration of the pulp fiber product. The fact is that good results can be obtained. Therefore, in other words, the feature of the present invention is that a flame retardant that mixes any one or more of triethanolamine, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide with ammonium sulfate. It can also be said that there is a manufacturing method and a manufacturing method of a pulp fiber product in which a flame retardant obtained by the manufacturing method is mixed with pulp. Therefore, triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxides, or alkaline earth metal hydroxides produce any compound with ammonium sulfate, or they react with the pulp to produce any compound. It does not affect the characteristics of the present invention.
[0014]
Pulp includes natural rubber, synthetic rubber, acrylic resin, isocyanate resin, phenol resin binder, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, calcium carbonate filler, polypropylene fiber and other synthetic fibers, rock wool, glass fiber, etc. A reinforcing material is appropriately mixed. In various experiments, pulp fiber products using isocyanate resins as binders are superior in flame resistance compared to pulp fiber products using other rubbers and resins as binders. It is recommended to use an isocyanate resin as the binder.
[0015]
Pulp fiber products can be made in multiple layers, such as two-layer or three-layer pulp, and the composition of each layer, especially the amount of ammonium sulfate, can be changed for each layer. It can also be finished by applying appropriate surface makeup. Moreover, in the pulp fiber product to be pressure-molded, the surface of the surface plate or mold to be pressure-molded can be covered with a decorative material, and a pipe can be deposited on the decorative material to be pressure-molded.
[0016]
For pulp, particularly when the surface of the pulp fiber product is coated with a cosmetic material, in addition to ammonium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide and ammonium phosphate can be used depending on the type of binder and the type of cosmetic material to be blended in the pulp. In addition, other flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfamate, guanidine sulfamate, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, borax and the like can be supplemented.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, ammonium sulfate is added to ammonium sulfate used as a flame retardant for pulp fiber products by adding a small amount of either triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, or alkaline earth metal hydroxide. The flame retardant pulp fiber product with no change in color can be economically obtained.
[0018]
[Example 1]
Combining 25.3 parts by weight of a flame retardant consisting of 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.3 parts by weight of triethanolamine with 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper A binder resin was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fibrous board.
[0019]
[Example 2]
Combining 25.1 parts by weight of a flame retardant consisting of 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 0.1 part by weight of sodium hydroxide with respect to 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper. A binder resin was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fibrous board.
[0020]
[Example 3]
Combining 25.2 parts by weight of a flame retardant consisting of 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 0.2 parts by weight of calcium hydroxide, 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper A binder resin was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fibrous board.
[0021]
[Example 4]
A flame retardant 25.4 comprising 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 0.2 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide with respect to 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper. Weight parts were blended, an isocyanate-based binder resin was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fibrous board.
[0022]
[Comparative Example 1]
2100 parts by weight of a flame retardant consisting of 15 parts by weight of water and 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate is added to 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper, and an isocyanate binder resin is added and kneaded. A fibrous board was prepared by depositing on a surface plate and heating and pressing at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa.
[0023]
[Comparative Example 2]
An isocyanate binder resin containing 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fiber crushed and defibrated with 25.3 parts by weight of a flame retardant comprising 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.3 parts by weight of borax. Was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fiber board.
[0024]
[Comparative Example 3]
Combining 25.3 parts by weight of a flame retardant consisting of 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.3 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of waste paper pulp fibers crushed and defibrated from newspaper. A binder resin was added and kneaded, deposited on a surface plate, and heated and pressed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes at a pressing pressure of 2 MPa to prepare a fibrous board.
[0025]
[Comparison test]
While measuring the degree of the daily discoloration of the fiber boards obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 according to JIS-L-0804 (gray scale for discoloration), the obtained fiber The change in PH of the board over time, and the change in PH of the flame retardant aqueous solution used in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were examined. Triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, and alkali As a result, it was obtained that the earth metal hydroxide effectively contributed to the prevention of discoloration of the pulp fiber product containing ammonium sulfate as a flame retardant. The change with time of PH of the fiber board was measured by putting PH test paper into a 2 cc water reservoir dripped with a dropper on a horizontally supported fiber board, and measuring the color change of the PH test paper after drying the water reservoir. The change of PH of the flame retardant aqueous solution with time was measured by putting a PH test paper in the flame retardant aqueous solution and changing the color of the wet PH test paper.
The test results are as shown in [Table 1] below.
[0026]
[Table 1]

Claims (4)

The beating cellulosic pulp, triethanolamine, hydroxides of alkali metals, and, a flame retardant obtained by mixing either over 1 or more kinds in sulfate ammonium in the hydroxide of an alkaline earth metal A flame-retardant pulp fiber product that is formulated and kneaded by adding an isocyanate binder resin . The beating cellulosic pulp, triethanolamine, hydroxides of alkali metals, and, with respect to 100 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate on any one or more kinds among the hydroxides of alkaline earth metals 0. A flame retardant pulp fiber product comprising a flame retardant mixed by 5 to 5.0 parts by weight, kneaded with an isocyanate binder resin . The beaten used paper pulp, triethanolamine, hydroxides of alkali metals, and, a flame retardant obtained by mixing either over 1 or more kinds in sulfate ammonium in the alkaline earth metal-loaded A flame-retardant pulp fiber product obtained by adding an isocyanate-based binder resin and kneading . The beaten used paper pulp, triethanolamine, hydroxides of alkali metals, and, with respect to 100 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate on any one or more kinds among the hydroxides of alkaline earth metals 0.5 A flame-retardant pulp fiber product obtained by blending a flame retardant mixed with ˜5.0 parts by weight, kneading with an isocyanate binder resin .