JP3869593B2

JP3869593B2 - Pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device

Info

Publication number: JP3869593B2
Application number: JP26809499A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 静夫片岡; 大祐鮎川; 隆裕吉井
Original assignee: Takuma Co Ltd
Current assignee: Takuma Co Ltd
Priority date: 1999-09-22
Filing date: 1999-09-22
Publication date: 2007-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2019-09-22
Also published as: JP2001090934A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ごみ等の廃棄物の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置に用いられるものであり、乾留熱分解ドラムで発生した熱分解ガスを溶融燃焼炉へ導く熱分解ガスダクトに設けられ、熱分解ガス中のダストやタール成分等が熱分解ガスダクト内へ付着・堆積して熱分解ガスダクトを閉塞するのを防止できるようにした熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図７は従前の廃棄物の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の一例を示すものであり、図７に於いて、２５は廃棄物ピット、２６は供給装置、２７は乾留熱分解ドラム、２８は加熱管、２９は搬出装置、３０は熱分解ガスダクト、３１は溶融燃焼炉、３２は廃熱ボイラ、３３は集塵器、３４はガス浄化装置、３５は誘引ファン、３６は煙突、３７は蒸気加熱器、３８は蒸気タービン発電装置、３９は冷却コンベヤ、４０は選別装置、４１は粉砕装置、４２は可燃性微粉貯留槽、４３は送風機、４４は熱風発生炉、４５は加熱ガス通路、４６は循環ファン、４７は熱交換器、４８はバーナ、４９は廃棄物供給用クレーンである。
【０００３】
而して、供給装置２６により乾留熱分解ドラム２７内へ供給された廃棄物Ｗは、加熱ガスＧ″により空気の遮断下で３００℃〜６００℃の温度に一定時間加熱され、熱分解ガスＧと熱分解残渣Ｄに変換された後、搬出装置２９に於いて重力により熱分解ガスＧと熱分解残渣Ｄとに分離される。
【０００４】
分離された熱分解ガスＧは、搬出装置２９から熱分解ガスダクト３０を経て溶融燃焼炉３１へ送られ、ここで高温燃焼される。又、熱分解残渣Ｄは、冷却コンベヤ３９を経て選別装置４０へ送られ、比較的粗い不燃性固形物と細かい可燃性固形物Ｄ′とに分離される。更に、分離された可燃性固形物Ｄ′は、粉砕装置４１で微粉砕された後、溶融燃焼炉３１へ供給されて前記熱分解ガスＧと共に１３００℃以上の温度下で溶融燃焼される。
【０００５】
前記乾留熱分解ドラム２７及び溶融燃焼炉３１の内部は誘引ファン３５により適宜の負圧に保持されて居り、これによって熱分解ガスＧが乾留熱分解ドラム２７から溶融燃焼炉３１へ送られると共に、溶融燃焼炉３１からの燃焼排ガスＧ′が廃熱ボイラ３２、集塵器３３、ガス浄化装置３４及び煙突３６を経て大気中へ排出されて行く。
尚、溶融燃焼炉３１内で形成された溶融スラグＦは、水砕スラグとして順次外部へ取り出されて行く。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した廃棄物の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置は、大量の都市ごみ等の廃棄物Ｗを高能率で安全に溶融処理することができ、優れた実用的効用を奏するものである。
しかし、この種の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置にも解決すべき問題が残されて居り、その中でも、乾留熱分解ドラム２７から溶融燃焼炉３１へ熱分解ガスＧを導く熱分解ガスダクト３０内に付着・堆積するダスト等の問題が、早急に解決を要する問題点となっている。
【０００７】
即ち、乾留熱分解ドラム２７の出口側に設けた搬出装置２９に於いて分離された熱分解ガスＧ内には、多量のダスト（５〜１０ｇ／Ｎｍ³）等の固形物が含まれて居り、これ等のダストが長期間に亘って熱分解ガスダクト３０内に付着・堆積することにより、熱分解ガスＧの円滑な流通が阻害されることになる。
又、熱分解ガスＧ内には、所謂タール成分が多量に含まれて居り、熱分解ガスＧの温度がタール成分の凝固温度（約４３０〜４５０℃）より低くなると、タール成分が熱分解ガスダクト３０の内壁面に凝固することになり、前記ダスト等の付着・堆積が一層促進されることになる。
【０００８】
そこで、上述の如きダスト等の付着・堆積に起因するトラブルを防止する為、図７に示すように熱分解ガスダクト３０の形状を極力水平部の少ない形状とし、熱分解ガスダクト３０内にダスト等が付着・堆積し難くする方法や、熱分解ガスダクト３０を電気ヒータ（図示省略）により常時４５０℃〜５００℃に加熱し、熱分解ガスダクト３０へのタール成分の凝固を少なくする方法等が採用されている。
【０００９】
しかし、現実の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の運転に於いては、熱分解ガスダクト３０内に於けるダスト等の付着・堆積を皆無にすることは不可能であり、熱分解ガスダクト３０の曲がり部等にダスト等が堆積することがある。この場合には、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の運転を一旦停止し、作業員がマンホール等から熱分解ガスダクト３０内に堆積したダスト等を除去するようにしている。
その結果、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の運転が中断されることになり、廃棄物処理量の低下やエネルギー消費量の増大を招くと云う難点がある。
【００１０】
本発明は、従前の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の熱分解ガスダクトに於ける上述の如き問題を解決せんとするものであり、乾留熱分解ドラムで発生した熱分解ガスを溶融燃焼炉へ導く熱分解ガスダクト内にダスト等が付着・堆積して熱分解ガスダクトを閉塞するのを防止できるようにした熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置を提供するものである。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１の発明は、廃棄物を乾留熱分解する乾留熱分解ドラムから排出された熱分解ガスを溶融燃焼炉へ導く熱分解ガスダクトに、その内壁面に付着・堆積した付着物や堆積物を熱分解ガスダクト外へ除去するダスト掻き落とし装置を設け、又、熱分解ガスダクト側若しくはダスト掻き落とし装置側の何れか一方若しくは両方に、ダクト内へ媒体を吹き込んでダスト掻き落とし装置により掻き落とした付着物や内部に堆積している堆積物を熱分解ガスダクト外へ移送する媒体吹き込み装置を設けた熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置であって、前記熱分解ガスダクトを、熱分解ドラムから排出された熱分解ガス及び熱分解残渣を熱分解ガスと熱分解残渣とに分離して排出する搬出装置に垂直姿勢で接続された煙突型の垂直ダクトと、垂直ダクトに下流側が高くなる傾斜姿勢で接続された上流側傾斜ダクトと、上流側傾斜ダクト及び溶融燃焼炉に下流側が低くなる傾斜姿勢で接続された下流側傾斜ダクトとから構成し、又、前記ダスト掻き落とし装置を、ダクト内にその内壁面に内接する状態で回転自在且つ往復動自在に配設され、前面にダクトの内壁面に付着した付着物を掻き落とす複数の爪を備えると共に掻き落とした付着物、堆積物及び熱分解ガスが通過可能な開口を備えた円板状を呈し、付着物やダクト内に堆積している堆積物をタクト外へ移送する掻き落とし体と、掻き落とし体をダクト内で回転させながらダクトの長手方向に沿って往復動させる駆動装置とから構成し、当該ダスト掻き落とし装置を熱分解ガスダクトの上流側傾斜ダクト及び下流側傾斜ダクトに夫々設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項２の発明は、廃棄物を乾留熱分解する乾留熱分解ドラムから排出された熱分解ガスを溶融燃焼炉へ導く熱分解ガスダクトに、その内壁面に付着・堆積した付着物や堆積物を熱分解ガスダクト外へ除去するダスト掻き落とし装置を設け、又、熱分解ガスダクト側若しくはダスト掻き落とし装置側の何れか一方若しくは両方に、ダクト内へ媒体を吹き込んでダスト掻き落とし装置により掻き落とした付着物や内部に堆積している堆積物を熱分解ガスダクト外へ移送する媒体吹き込み装置を設けた熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置であって、前記熱分解ガスダクトを、熱分解ドラムから排出された熱分解ガス及び熱分解残渣を熱分解ガスと熱分解残渣とに分離して排出する搬出装置に垂直姿勢で接続された煙突型の垂直ダクトと、垂直ダクト及び溶融燃焼炉に水平姿勢で接続された水平ダクトとから構成し又、前記ダスト掻き落とし装置を、ダクト内にその内壁面に内接する状態で回転自在且つ往復動自在に配設され、前面にダクトの内壁面に付着した付着物を掻き落とす複数の爪を備えると共に掻き落とした付着物、堆積物及び熱分解ガスが通過可能な開口を備えた円板状を呈し、付着物やダクト内に堆積している堆積物をタクト外へ移送する掻き落とし体と、掻き落とし体をダクト内で回転させながらダクトの長手方向に沿って往復動させる駆動装置とから構成し、当該ダスト掻き落とし装置を熱分解ガスダクトの水平ダクトに設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置１を示し、当該清掃装置１は、熱分解ドラム２の出口側に設けた搬出装置３と溶融燃焼炉４とを連通状に接続する熱分解ガスダクト５に、その内壁面に付着・堆積したダスト等の付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを熱分解ガスダクト５外へ除去するダスト掻き落とし装置６を設け、又、熱分解ガスダクト５側及びダスト掻き落とし装置６側に、熱分解ガスダクト５内の付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを熱分解ガスダクト５外へ移送する媒体吹き込み装置７を夫々設けたものであり、ダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７を作動させることによって、熱分解ガスダクト５内の付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを熱分解ガスダクト５外へ除去して熱分解ガスダクト５の閉塞を防止するようにしたものである。
【００１６】
尚、熱分解ドラム２は、都市ごみ等の廃棄物を乾留熱分解して熱分解ガスＧと熱分解残渣Ｄにするものであり、又、搬出装置３は、熱分解ドラム２から排出された熱分解ガスＧ及び熱分解残渣Ｄを重力により熱分解ガスＧと熱分解残渣Ｄとに分離して排出するものであり、更に、溶融燃焼炉４は、熱分解ガスＧや熱分解残渣Ｄから分離された可燃性固形物等を溶融燃焼するものであり、これらは図７に示す乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の乾留熱分解ドラム２７、搬出装置２９及び溶融燃焼炉３１と同様構造に構成されている。
【００１７】
前記熱分解ガスダクト５は、熱分解ドラム２から排出されて搬出装置３により分離された熱分解ガスＧを溶融燃焼炉４へ導くものであり、図１及び図２に示す如く、搬出装置３に垂直姿勢で接続され、上端が閉塞された断面形状円形の垂直ダクト５ａと、垂直ダクト５ａの上端部に下流側（図２の左側）が高くなる傾斜姿勢で接続され、下流側端が閉塞された断面形状円形の上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂと、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの下流側部分及び溶融燃焼炉４に下流側（図２の左側）が低くなる傾斜姿勢で夫々接続され、上流側端が閉塞された断面形状円形の下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃとから構成されている。
又、垂直ダクト５ａは、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃよりもかなり大径の煙突型に形成されて居り、仮え内部にダスト等が付着しても閉塞しない構造となっている。
更に、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂと下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃとは、略Ｘ状に交差する姿勢でもって接続されて居り、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの下流側端部及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの上流側端部には後述するダスト掻き落とし装置６の掻き落とし体８が収納される収納空間５ｄが夫々形成されている。
【００１８】
尚、熱分解ガスダクト５は、従来の熱分解ガスダクト５と同様に電気ヒータ（図示省略）により常時４５０℃〜５００℃に加熱されて居り、熱分解ガスダクト５内のタール成分が凝固しないように工夫されている。
【００１９】
前記ダスト掻き落とし装置６は、熱分解ガスダクト５の上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃに夫々設けられて居り、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの内壁面に付着した付着物Ａを掻き落とすと共に掻き落とした付着物Ａやダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に堆積している堆積物Ａをダクト５ｂ，５ｃ外へ移送するものである。
【００２０】
即ち、各ダスト掻き落とし装置６は、図２及び図３に示す如く、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に摺動自在且つ回転自在に配設され、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの内壁面に付着した付着物Ａを掻き落とすと共に掻き落とした付着物Ａやダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に堆積している堆積物Ａをダクト５ｂ，５ｃ外へ移送する熱分解ガスＧが通過可能な掻き落とし体８と、掻き落とし体８をダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内で回転させながらダクト５ｂ，５ｃの長手方向に沿って往復動させる駆動装置９とから夫々構成されている。
【００２１】
具体的には、掻き落とし体８は、耐熱性・耐摩耗性等に優れた金属材やセラミック材等により上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの内壁面に内接する厚肉の円板状に形成されて居り、その外周部分には図５に示すように熱分解ガスＧが通過可能な複数の扇形状の開口８ａが環状に並ぶ状態で形成されている。
又、掻き落とし体８の前面には、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの内壁面に付着しているダクト５ｂ，５ｃ等の付着物Ａを破砕して掻き落とす爪８ｂが複数個設けられている。
そして、掻き落とし体８は、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内にその内壁面に内接する状態で回転自在且つ往復動自在に配設されて居り、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の通常運転時には各ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に位置する掻き落とし体８は各ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの収納空間５ｄ内へ夫々収納された格好になっている。
【００２２】
一方、駆動装置９は、図３に示す如く、架台１０上にダクト５ｂ，５ｃの軸線に沿う姿勢で回転自在に配設されたネジ軸１１と、ネジ軸１１に回り止めされた状態で螺挿されたナット部１２ａを備え、ネジ軸１１に沿って往復動可能な走行台１２と、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの軸線位置で且つ走行台１２に回転自在に支持され、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃの側端を閉塞する蓋体５ｅに気密状で且つ摺動自在に貫通支持されていると共に、先端部が掻き落とし体８の中心部に連結固定された中空状のロッド１３と、走行台１２とロッド１３との間に介設され、ロッド１３を正逆回転させるモータ１４及びチェーン伝動機構１５と、ネジ軸１１を正逆回転させて走行台１２及びロッド１３をダクト５ｂ，５ｃの軸線に沿って往復動させる正逆式のモータ１６及びチェーン伝動機構１７とから構成されて居り、各モータ１４，１６を起動することによって、ロッド１３が回転しながらダクト５ｂ，５ｃの軸線に沿って往復動するようになっている。
従って、ロッド１３の先端に連結固定した掻き落とし体８は、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内で回転しながらダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内を往復動することになる。
又、ロッド１３とダクト５ｂ，５ｃの蓋体５ｅとの間には、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内の熱分解ガスＧがダクト５ｂ，５ｃ外へ漏洩しないようにシール機構１８が介設されている。
【００２３】
尚、掻き落とし体８のストロークは、掻き落とし体８がダクト５ｂ，５ｃの収納空間５ｄ内へ位置する収納位置（図２及び図３の実線位置）と、掻き落とし体８が掻き落とした付着物Ａやダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に堆積している堆積物Ａをダクト５ｂ，５ｃ外へ排出し得る排出位置（図２及び図３の一点鎖線位置）とを取り得るように設定されている。
又、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂのダスト掻き落とし装置６と下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃのダスト掻き落とし装置６は、互いに干渉せず、ある一定の間隔を保持しながら定期的に作動するように駆動制御されている。
【００２４】
前記媒体吹き込み装置７は、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂと下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃのダスト掻き落とし装置６とに夫々設けられて居り、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内へ媒体Ｓを吹き込んでダスト掻き落とし装置６により掻き落とした付着物Ａや内部に堆積している堆積物Ａをダクト５ｂ，５ｃの下流側へ吹き飛ばして溶融燃焼炉４側へ移送するものである。この媒体吹き込み装置７には、ダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内へ媒体Ｓとして蒸気を吹き込むスートブロワが使用されている。
【００２５】
即ち、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂに設けた媒体吹き込み装置７は、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの上流側端部の開口に配置された蒸気吹き込みノズル１９と、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９及び溶融燃焼炉４の下流側に接続した廃熱ボイラ２０内の蒸気加熱器２１に夫々接続され、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９に蒸気（媒体Ｓ）を供給する蒸気供給管２２と、蒸気供給管２２に介設され、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９への蒸気の供給量を制御する制御弁２３等から構成されて居り、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの上流側から下流側へ向って蒸気を吹き込むことによって、ダスト掻き落とし装置６により掻き落とした付着物Ａやダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に堆積している堆積物Ａを下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内や溶融燃焼炉４内へ吹き飛ばすようになっている。
【００２６】
一方、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃのダスト掻き落とし装置６に設けた媒体吹き込み装置７は、図４及び図５に示す如く、ダスト掻き落とし装置６の中空状のロッド１３の先端部周壁にロッド１３内へ連通するように設けられ、掻き落とし体８の各開口８ａに臨む複数の蒸気吹き込みノズル１９と、一端部がロッド１３内に挿入されると共に、他端部が廃熱ボイラ２０内の蒸気加熱器２１に接続され、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９に蒸気（媒体Ｓ）を供給する蒸気供給管２２と、蒸気供給管２２に介設され、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９への蒸気の供給量を制御する制御弁２３等から構成されて居り、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの上流側から下流側へ向って蒸気を吹き込むことによって、ダスト掻き落とし装置６により掻き落とした付着物Ａやダクト５ｂ，５ｃ内に堆積している堆積物Ａを溶融燃焼炉４内へ吹き飛ばすようになっている。
又、蒸気供給管２２のロッド１３内に挿入されている部分は、ロッド１３が下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内を往復動した際にロッド１３から抜けないようになって居り、ロッド１３と蒸気供給管２２との間には、ロッド１３内の蒸気がロッド１３外へ漏洩しないようにシール機構２４が介設されている。
【００２７】
次に、上述した清掃装置１を用いて熱分解ガスダクト５内に付着・堆積した付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを熱分解ガスダクト５外へ除去する場合について説明する。
【００２８】
乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の運転を継続すると、熱分解ガスダクト５を構成する上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂや下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの内壁面に熱分解ガスＧ中に含まれているダスト等が付着・堆積して付着物Ａや堆積物Ａとなる。この付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを除去する為、各傾斜ダクト５ｂ，５ｃに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６と、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂに設けた媒体吹き込み装置７と、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃのダスト掻き落とし装置６に設けた媒体吹き込み装置７とが交互に且つ定期的に作動する。
【００２９】
先ず、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７が作動する。即ち、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの内壁面にダスト等が付着・堆積すると、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの収納位置にある掻き落とし体８が駆動装置９により回転しながら排出位置まで前進する。従って、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの内壁面に付着・堆積している付着物Ａや堆積物Ａは、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内を回転・摺動しながら前進する掻き落とし体８の環状部分８ｃや爪８ｂにより掻き取られる。
又、ダスト掻き落とし装置６の作動に伴って、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの上流側端部の開口に設けた媒体吹き込み装置７の蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの上流側から下流側へ向って蒸気が吹き込まれる。これによって、掻き取られた付着物Ａや上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に堆積している堆積物Ａは、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内を下流側へ吹き飛ばされ、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内や溶融燃焼炉４内へ移送される。
尚、掻き落とし体８は、複数の開口８ａを備えている為、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に位置していても、熱分解ガスＧや蒸気により吹き飛ばされた付着物Ａや堆積物Ａの流れを止めることがない。その結果、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置を運転しながら上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に付着・堆積した付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを除去することができる。然も、掻き落とし体８は、その前面に複数の爪８ｂを備えている為、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に強固に付着している付着物Ａがあっても、これを簡単且つ容易に破砕して掻き落とすことができる。
【００３０】
そして、掻き落とし体８が排出位置まで移動したら、駆動装置９により掻き落とし体８が回転しながら排出位置から収納位置まで後退し、必要に応じて掻き落とし体８が上記動作を繰り返し行う。このとき、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内へ蒸気が吹き込まれていることは勿論である。従って、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に付着・堆積している付着物Ａや堆積物Ａは、完全に掻き落とされて上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂの下流側へ移送され、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内や溶融燃焼炉４内へ送り込まれる。
【００３１】
ダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７が一定時間作動して上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内の付着物Ａや堆積物Ａが除去されたら、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７が作動を停止し（ダスト掻き落とし装置６のみが作動を停止しても良い）、引き続き下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６と媒体吹き込み装置７とが作動する。即ち、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの収納位置にある掻き落とし体８が駆動装置９により回転しながら排出位置へ前進する。従って、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの内壁面に付着・堆積している付着物Ａや堆積物Ａは、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内を回転・摺動しながら前進する掻き落とし体８の環状部分８ｃや爪８ｂにより掻き取られつつ、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内を上流側から下流側へ移送され、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの下流側端部から溶融燃焼炉４内へ送り込まれる。このとき、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂから下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内へ送り込まれた付着物Ａや堆積物Ａも、掻き落とし体８により溶融燃焼炉４内へ送り込まれる。
又、ダスト掻き落とし装置６の作動に伴って、駆動装置９のロッド１３の先端部に設けた媒体吹き込み装置７の蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの上流側から下流側へ向って蒸気が吹き込まれる。これによって、掻き取られた付着物Ａや上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ内に堆積している堆積物Ａは、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内を下流側へ吹き飛ばされ、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの下流側端部から溶融燃焼炉４内へ送り込まれる。
尚、掻き落とし体８は、複数の開口８ａを備えている為、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内に位置していても、熱分解ガスＧや蒸気により吹き飛ばされた付着物Ａや堆積物Ａの流れを止めることがない。その結果、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置を運転しながら下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内に付着・堆積した付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを除去することができる。然も、掻き落とし体８は、その前面に複数の爪８ｂを備えている為、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内に強固に付着している付着物Ａがあっても、これを簡単且つ容易に破砕して掻き落とすことができる。又も、ロッド１３の先端部に蒸気吹き込みノズル１９を設けている為、掻き落とし体８の清掃も行われる。
【００３２】
そして、掻き落とし体８が排出位置まで移動したら、駆動装置９により掻き落とし体８が回転しながら排出位置から収納位置まで後退し、必要に応じて掻き落とし体８が上記動作を繰り返し行う。このとき、蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内へ蒸気が吹き込まれていることは勿論である。従って、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃ内に付着・堆積している付着物Ａや堆積物Ａは、完全に掻き落とされて下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃの下流側端部から溶融燃焼炉４内へ送り込まれる。
【００３３】
このように、前記清掃装置１は、熱分解ガスＧ中に含まれているダスト等が熱分解ガスダクト５内に付着・堆積しても、この付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを掻き落とし体８により除去できるようになっている為、付着物Ａや堆積物Ａによる熱分解ガスダクト５の閉塞を確実に防止することができる。然も、熱分解ガスダクト５内に蒸気吹き込みノズル１９から蒸気を吹き込んで掻き落とした付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを吹き飛ばすして下流側へ移送するようにしている為、熱分解ガスダクト５内の閉塞をより一層確実に防止することができる。
又、掻き落とし体８は、熱分解ガスＧや付着物Ａ等が通過可能な開口８ａを備えている為、熱分解ガスダクト５内に位置していても、熱分解ガスＧや付着物Ａ等の流れを止めることがない。その結果、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置４を運転しながら熱分解ガスダクト５内に付着・堆積した付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを除去することができる。
更に、熱分解ガスダクト５の垂直ダクト５ａは、上流側傾斜ダクト５ｂ及び下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃよりも可なり大径の煙突型に形成されている為、たとえ内部にダスト等が付着しても閉塞しないようになっている。然も、垂直ダクト５ａは、搬出装置３に垂直姿勢で接続されている為、ダスト等が堆積することもない。
【００３４】
図６は本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る熱分解ガスダクト５の清掃装置１を示し、当該清掃装置１は、熱分解ガスダクト５を、搬出装置３に垂直姿勢で接続された煙突型の垂直ダクト５ａと、垂直ダクト５ａ及び溶融燃焼炉４に水平姿勢で接続された水平ダクト５ｆとから構成し、水平ダクト５ｆにダスト掻き落とし装置６を設けると共に、このダスト掻き落とし装置６に媒体吹き込み装置７を設けたものである。
【００３５】
尚、ダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７は、上述した第１の実施の形態に係る清掃装置１の下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７と全く同一構造に構成されて居り、図２に示すものと同じ部材・部位には同一の参照番号を付している。
【００３６】
前記熱分解ガスダクト５は、搬出装置３に垂直姿勢で接続され、上端が閉塞された断面形状円形の垂直ダクト５ａと、垂直ダクト５ａの上端部及び溶融燃焼炉４に水平姿勢で夫々接続され、上流側端が閉塞された断面形状円形の水平ダクト５ｆとから構成されている。
又、垂直ダクト５ａは、水平ダクト５ｆよりも可なり大径の煙突型に形成されて居り、仮え内部にダスト等が付着しても閉塞しない構造となっている。
【００３７】
尚、熱分解ガスダクト５は、従来の熱分解ガスダクト５と同様に電気ヒータ（図示省略）により常時４５０℃〜５００℃に加熱されて居り、熱分解ガスダクト５内のタール成分が凝固しないように工夫されている。
【００３８】
この清掃装置１は、上記第１の実施の形態に係る清掃装置１と同様の作用効果を奏することができる。特に、この清掃装置１は、熱分解ガスダクト５を水平構造としている為、ダスト掻き落とし装置６と媒体吹き込み装置７とが一台迄で済み、構造も簡単でコストもかからず、経済的である。
【００３９】
尚、上記各実施の形態に於いては、ダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７を定期的に作動させて熱分解ガスダクト５内の付着物Ａや堆積物Ａを除去するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、熱分解ガスダクト５の上流側（例えば乾留熱分解ドラム２内）と熱分解ガスダクト５の下流側（例えば溶融燃焼炉４内）の圧力を検出し、両者の圧力検出値の差が設定値を越えた場合に、ダスト掻き落とし装置６及び媒体吹き込み装置７が夫々自動的に作動するようにしても良い。
【００４１】
上記各実施の形態に於いては、掻き落とし体８をモータ１６やネジ軸１１等から成る駆動装置９により前後進させるようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、掻き落とし体８を油圧シリンダやエアシリンダから成る駆動装置９により前後進させるようにしても良い。
【００４２】
上記各実施の形態に於いては、媒体吹き込み装置７の媒体Ｓに蒸気を使用するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、媒体吹き込み装置７の媒体Ｓに窒素ガス等の不活性ガスを使用するようにしても良い。
【００４４】
上記第１の実施の形態に於いては、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃに設けたダスト掻き落とし装置６に媒体吹き込み装置７を設けるようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、下流側傾斜ダクト５ｃに媒体吹き込み装置７を設けるようにしても良い。
【００４５】
上記第２の実施の形態に於いては、ダスト掻き落とし装置６に媒体吹き込み装置７を設けたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、熱分解ガスダクト５の水平ダクト５ｆに媒体吹き込み装置７を設け、水平ダクト５ｆの上流側端部から水平ダクト５ｆ内へ媒体Ｓを吹き込むようにしても良い。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
上述の通り、本発明の請求項１の清掃装置は、熱分解ガスダクトを垂直ダクトと上流側傾斜ダクトと下流側傾斜ダクトとから構成し、上流側傾斜ダクト及び下流側傾斜ダクトに、ダクト内の付着物や堆積物をダクト外へ移送する熱分解ガスが通過可能なダスト掻き落とし装置を夫々設ける構成としている為、熱分解ガスダクト内のダスト等の付着物や堆積物を自動的に除去することができ、付着物や堆積物による熱分解ガスダクトの閉塞を確実に防止することができる。
又、熱分解ガスタクト側若しくはダスト掻き落とし装置側の何れか一方若しくは両方に、ダクト内へ媒体を吹き込んでダスト掻き落とし装置により掻き落とした付着物や内部に堆積している堆積物を熱分解ガスダクト外へ移送する媒体吹き込み装置を設ける構成としている為、熱分解ガスダクト内の閉塞をより一層確実に防止することができる。
更に、ダスト掻き落とし装置を、ダクト内にその内壁面に内接する状態で回転自在且つ往復動自在に配設され、熱分解ガスや付着物、堆積物が通過可能な開口を備えた円板状に形成された掻き落とし体と、掻き落とし体をダクト内で回転させながらダクトの長手方向に沿って往復動させる駆動装置とから構成している為、ダクト内に付着しているダスト等の付着物を確実に掻き落とすことができると共に、掻き落とした付着物やダクト内に堆積している堆積物を確実に移送することができる。
加えて、ダスト掻き落とし装置の掻き落とし体が、その前面にダクトの内壁面に付着している付着物を破砕して掻き落とす複数の爪を備えている為、ダクト内に強固に付着している付着物であっても、これを簡単且つ容易に破砕して掻き落とすことができる。
その結果、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の連続運転が可能となり、廃棄物をより高能率で溶融処理することが可能になると共に、エネルギー消費量の大幅な削減を図ることができる。然も、ダスト掻き落とし装置が熱分解ガスの流れを止めることがない為、乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置を運転しながら熱分解ガスダクトの内壁面に付着・堆積した付着物や堆積物を除去することができる。
【００４７】
本発明の請求項２の清掃装置は、上記効果に加えて次のような効果を奏することができる。
即ち、本発明の請求項２の清掃装置は、熱分解ガスダクトを垂直ダクトと水平ダクトとから構成し、水平ダクトにダスト掻き落とし装置を設ける構成としている為、ダスト掻き落とし装置が一台で済み、構造も簡単でコストもかからず、経済的である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置を設けた廃棄物の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の一部を示す系統図である。
【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る清掃装置の概略断面図である。
【図３】清掃装置のダスト掻き落とし装置の概略図である。
【図４】ダスト掻き落とし装置の要部の拡大図である。
【図５】図４のＩ−Ｉ線断面図である。
【図６】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る熱分解ガスダクトの清掃装置の概略断面図である。
【図７】従前の廃棄物の乾留熱分解溶融燃焼装置の一例を示す全体系統図である。
【符号の説明】
１は清掃装置、２は熱分解ドラム、３は搬出装置、４は溶融燃焼炉、５は熱分解ガスダクト、５ａは垂直ダクト、５ｂは上流側傾斜ダクト、５ｃは下流側傾斜ダクト、５ｆは水平ダクト、６はダスト掻き落とし装置、７は媒体吹き込み装置、８は掻き落とし体、９は駆動装置、Ａは付着物・堆積物、Ｇは熱分解ガス、Ｄは熱分解残渣、Ｓは媒体。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is used in a pyrolysis pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus for waste such as municipal waste, and is provided in a pyrolysis gas duct for guiding pyrolysis gas generated in a pyrolysis pyrolysis drum to a melting combustion furnace, and the pyrolysis gas The present invention relates to a pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device that can prevent dust and tar components from adhering and depositing in the pyrolysis gas duct and blocking the pyrolysis gas duct.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 7 shows an example of a conventional dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus. In FIG. 7, 25 is a waste pit, 26 is a supply device, 27 is a dry distillation pyrolysis drum, and 28 is a heating tube. , 29 is a discharge device, 30 is a pyrolysis gas duct, 31 is a melting combustion furnace, 32 is a waste heat boiler, 33 is a dust collector, 34 is a gas purification device, 35 is an induction fan, 36 is a chimney, 37 is a steam heater , 38 is a steam turbine power generation device, 39 is a cooling conveyor, 40 is a sorting device, 41 is a pulverizing device, 42 is a combustible fine powder storage tank, 43 is a blower, 44 is a hot air generator, 45 is a heated gas passage, and 46 is a circulation. A fan, 47 is a heat exchanger, 48 is a burner, and 49 is a waste supply crane.
[0003]
Thus, the waste W supplied into the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27 by the supply device 26 is heated to a temperature of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. for a certain period of time by shutting off the air with the heating gas G ″. After being converted into the pyrolysis residue D, the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D are separated by gravity in the carry-out device 29.
[0004]
The separated pyrolysis gas G is sent from the carry-out device 29 through the pyrolysis gas duct 30 to the melting combustion furnace 31 where it is burned at high temperature. Further, the pyrolysis residue D is sent to the sorting device 40 through the cooling conveyor 39 and separated into a relatively coarse incombustible solid and a fine combustible solid D ′. Further, the separated combustible solid D ′ is finely pulverized by the pulverizer 41 and then supplied to the melting combustion furnace 31 to be melted and burned together with the pyrolysis gas G at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher.
[0005]
The inside of the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27 and the melting combustion furnace 31 is maintained at an appropriate negative pressure by the induction fan 35, whereby the pyrolysis gas G is sent from the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27 to the melting combustion furnace 31, The combustion exhaust gas G ′ from the melting combustion furnace 31 is discharged into the atmosphere through the waste heat boiler 32, the dust collector 33, the gas purification device 34 and the chimney 36.
The molten slag F formed in the molten combustion furnace 31 is sequentially taken out to the outside as a granulated slag.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-described waste carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus can efficiently melt a large amount of waste W such as municipal waste with high efficiency, and has excellent practical utility.
However, this type of dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus still has problems to be solved. Among them, the pyrolysis gas duct 30 that leads the pyrolysis gas G from the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27 to the melting combustion furnace 31 is attached. -Problems such as accumulated dust are problems that need immediate resolution.
[0007]
That is, a large amount of dust (5 to 10 g / Nm) is contained in the pyrolysis gas G separated in the carry-out device 29 provided on the outlet side of the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27. ^Three ) And the like, and such dust adheres and accumulates in the pyrolysis gas duct 30 over a long period of time, so that the smooth circulation of the pyrolysis gas G is hindered.
Further, the pyrolysis gas G contains a large amount of so-called tar components. When the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G becomes lower than the solidification temperature of the tar components (about 430 to 450 ° C.), the tar components are decomposed into the pyrolysis gas duct. It will solidify on the inner wall surface of 30 and adhesion / deposition of the dust etc. will be further promoted.
[0008]
Therefore, in order to prevent the trouble caused by the adhesion and accumulation of dust as described above, the shape of the pyrolysis gas duct 30 is made as small as possible in the horizontal portion as shown in FIG. A method of making adhesion and accumulation difficult, a method of constantly heating the pyrolysis gas duct 30 to 450 ° C. to 500 ° C. by an electric heater (not shown), and reducing solidification of tar components in the pyrolysis gas duct 30 are adopted. Yes.
[0009]
However, in the actual operation of the pyrolysis pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, it is impossible to eliminate the adhesion and accumulation of dust and the like in the pyrolysis gas duct 30, and the bent portion of the pyrolysis gas duct 30, etc. Dust may accumulate on the surface. In this case, the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is temporarily stopped, and an operator removes dust and the like accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 30 from a manhole or the like.
As a result, the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is interrupted, and there is a problem that the amount of waste processing is reduced and the energy consumption is increased.
[0010]
The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems in the pyrolysis gas duct of the conventional dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, and to conduct the pyrolysis that leads the pyrolysis gas generated in the dry distillation pyrolysis drum to the melting combustion furnace. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device capable of preventing dust and the like from adhering to and accumulating in the gas duct and blocking the pyrolysis gas duct.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention provides a pyrolysis gas duct for guiding pyrolysis gas discharged from a pyrolysis pyrolysis drum that pyrolyzes waste to pyrolysis pyrolysis, and an inner wall surface thereof. A dust scraping device is installed to remove deposits and deposits adhering to and depositing on the pyrolysis gas duct, and the medium is put into the duct on one or both of the pyrolysis gas duct side and dust scraping device side. A pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device provided with a medium blowing device for transferring deposits blown in and scraped off by a dust scraping device or deposits deposited inside the pyrolysis gas duct, wherein the pyrolysis gas duct is , Smoke connected in a vertical position to a discharge device that separates and discharges pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue discharged from the pyrolysis drum into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue A vertical duct of the mold, an upstream inclined duct connected to the vertical duct in an inclined posture that becomes higher on the downstream side, and a downstream inclined duct connected to the upstream inclined duct and the molten combustion furnace in an inclined posture that becomes lower on the downstream side The dust scraping device is disposed in the duct so as to be rotatable and reciprocating in a state in which the dust scraping device is inscribed in the inner wall surface thereof, and a plurality of dust scraping devices adhered to the inner wall surface of the duct are scraped off on the front surface. Scratch-off that has a claw and has a disk shape with an opening through which deposits, deposits, and pyrolysis gas can be scraped, and transfers deposits and deposits deposited in ducts to the outside of the tact. And a drive device that reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the duct while rotating the scraping body in the duct, and the dust scraping device is connected to the upstream inclined duct and the pyrolysis gas duct. It is characterized in that provided respectively on the downstream side inclined duct.
[0012]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pyrolysis gas duct that guides the pyrolysis gas discharged from a pyrolysis pyrolysis drum that pyrolyzes waste to a pyrolysis furnace, and deposits adhered and deposited on the inner wall surface thereof. A dust scraping device is installed to remove deposits from the pyrolysis gas duct, and the medium is blown into one or both of the pyrolysis gas duct side and dust scraping device side and scraped by the dust scraping device. A pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device provided with a medium blowing device for transferring dropped deposits and deposits deposited inside the pyrolysis gas duct, wherein the pyrolysis gas duct is discharged from the pyrolysis drum. A chimney-type vertical duct connected in a vertical position to a discharge device that separates and discharges pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and a vertical duct The dust scraping device is rotatably and reciprocatingly disposed in the duct in a state in which the dust scraping device is inscribed in the inner wall surface of the duct. It has a plurality of claws to scrape off deposits adhering to the inner wall surface of the duct, and presents a disk shape with openings through which scraped deposits, deposits and pyrolysis gas can pass, and inside the deposits and ducts A dust scraping device comprising: a scraping body for transferring deposits deposited on the tact to the outside of the tact; and a drive device for reciprocating along the longitudinal direction of the duct while rotating the scraping body within the duct. The pyrolysis gas duct of horizontal duct To It is characterized by providing.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The cleaning device 1 includes a carry-out device 3 and a melting combustion furnace 4 provided on the outlet side of the pyrolysis drum 2. The pyrolysis gas duct 5 connected in a continuous manner is provided with a dust scraping device 6 that removes deposits A and deposits such as dust adhering and depositing on the inner wall surface to the outside of the pyrolysis gas duct 5, and pyrolysis A medium blowing device 7 for transferring the deposit A and deposit A in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 to the outside of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is provided on the gas duct 5 side and the dust scraping device 6 side. 6 and the medium blowing device 7 are operated to remove deposits A and deposits A in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 from the pyrolysis gas duct 5 to prevent the pyrolysis gas duct 5 from being blocked. .
[0016]
The pyrolysis drum 2 is for pyrolyzing wastes such as municipal wastes into pyrolysis gas G and pyrolysis residue D, and the carry-out device 3 is discharged from the pyrolysis drum 2. The pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D are separated into the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D by gravity and discharged. Further, the melting combustion furnace 4 is separated from the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D. The separated combustible solids and the like are melted and combusted, and these are configured in the same structure as the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 27, the carry-out device 29 and the melt combustion furnace 31 of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus shown in FIG. Yes.
[0017]
The pyrolysis gas duct 5 guides the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the pyrolysis drum 2 and separated by the carry-out device 3 to the melting combustion furnace 4, and as shown in FIGS. The vertical duct 5a is connected in a vertical posture and has a circular cross section with its upper end closed, and is connected to the upper end of the vertical duct 5a in an inclined posture in which the downstream side (left side in FIG. 2) is raised, and the downstream end is closed. The upstream-side inclined duct 5b having a circular cross section, the downstream-side portion of the upstream-side inclined duct 5b, and the melting combustion furnace 4 are connected in an inclined posture in which the downstream side (left side in FIG. 2) is lowered, and the upstream end is closed. And a downstream inclined duct 5c having a circular cross section.
Further, the vertical duct 5a is formed in a chimney shape having a considerably larger diameter than the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c, and does not block even if dust or the like adheres to the inside. .
Further, the upstream side inclined duct 5b and the downstream side inclined duct 5c are connected in a posture that intersects in a substantially X shape, and the upstream side end of the upstream side inclined duct 5b and the upstream side end of the downstream side inclined duct 5c. Each part is formed with a storage space 5d in which a scraping body 8 of a dust scraping device 6 described later is stored.
[0018]
The pyrolysis gas duct 5 is always heated to 450 ° C. to 500 ° C. by an electric heater (not shown) in the same manner as the conventional pyrolysis gas duct 5 so that tar components in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 are not solidified. Has been.
[0019]
The dust scraping device 6 is provided in each of the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c of the pyrolysis gas duct 5, and scrapes and scrapes the deposit A attached to the inner wall surfaces of the ducts 5b and 5c. The deposit A and the deposit A accumulated in the ducts 5b and 5c are transferred to the outside of the ducts 5b and 5c.
[0020]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each dust scraping device 6 is slidably and rotatably disposed in the ducts 5b and 5c, and deposits A attached to the inner wall surfaces of the ducts 5b and 5c. The scraping body 8 through which the pyrolysis gas G for transferring the deposit A and the deposit A deposited in the ducts 5b and 5c to the outside of the ducts 5b and 5c can be passed, and the scraping body 8 , And a driving device 9 that reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the ducts 5b and 5c while rotating in the ducts 5b and 5c, respectively.
[0021]
Specifically, the scraping member 8 is a thick disk inscribed in the inner wall surfaces of the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c by a metal material or ceramic material having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of fan-shaped openings 8 a through which the pyrolysis gas G can pass are formed in a ring shape on the outer peripheral portion.
In addition, a plurality of claws 8b are provided on the front surface of the scraping body 8 to crush and scrape the deposit A such as the ducts 5b and 5c attached to the inner wall surfaces of the ducts 5b and 5c.
The scraper 8 is disposed in the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c so as to be rotatable and reciprocating in a state inscribed in the inner wall surface thereof. During normal operation, the scraper 8 located in each duct 5b, 5c is stored in the storage space 5d of each duct 5b, 5c.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the drive device 9 includes a screw shaft 11 that is rotatably disposed on the gantry 10 in a posture along the axis of the ducts 5 b and 5 c, and a screw that is prevented from rotating around the screw shaft 11. A traveling platform 12 having an inserted nut portion 12a and capable of reciprocating along the screw shaft 11, and an axial position of the ducts 5b and 5c and rotatably supported by the traveling platform 12, and side ends of the ducts 5b and 5c. A hollow rod 13 that is airtightly and slidably supported by a lid body 5e that closes the head, and whose tip is connected and fixed to the central portion of the scraping body 8, a carriage 12 and a rod 13 Between the motor 14 and the chain transmission mechanism 15 for rotating the rod 13 forward and backward, and the screw shaft 11 for forward and reverse rotation to reciprocate the carriage 12 and the rod 13 along the axes of the ducts 5b and 5c. Forward / reverse motor 16 to be moved, and Oli consists En transmission mechanism 17. By activating the respective motors 14, 16 so as to reciprocate along the duct 5b, 5c axis while the rod 13 is rotated.
Accordingly, the scraping member 8 connected and fixed to the tip of the rod 13 reciprocates in the ducts 5b and 5c while rotating in the ducts 5b and 5c.
A seal mechanism 18 is interposed between the rod 13 and the lid 5e of the ducts 5b and 5c so that the pyrolysis gas G in the ducts 5b and 5c does not leak out of the ducts 5b and 5c.
[0023]
The stroke of the scraping body 8 includes the storage position where the scraping body 8 is located in the storage space 5d of the ducts 5b and 5c (the solid line position in FIGS. 2 and 3), and the scraping body 8 is scraped off. It is set to be able to take a discharge position (a one-dot chain line position in FIGS. 2 and 3) where the deposit A and the deposit A accumulated in the ducts 5b and 5c can be discharged out of the ducts 5b and 5c.
Further, the dust scraping device 6 of the upstream side inclined duct 5b and the dust scraping device 6 of the downstream side inclined duct 5c do not interfere with each other, and are controlled to operate periodically while maintaining a certain distance. ing.
[0024]
The medium blowing device 7 is provided in each of the upstream inclined duct 5b and the dust scraping device 6 of the downstream inclined duct 5c. The medium blowing device 7 blows the medium S into the ducts 5b and 5c and scrapes the dust with the dust scraping device 6. The dropped deposit A and the deposit A deposited inside are blown off to the downstream side of the ducts 5b and 5c and transferred to the melting combustion furnace 4 side. The medium blowing device 7 uses a soot blower that blows steam as the medium S into the ducts 5b and 5c.
[0025]
That is, the medium blowing device 7 provided in the upstream inclined duct 5b includes a steam blowing nozzle 19 disposed at an opening at an upstream end of the upstream inclined duct 5b, and a downstream side of the steam blowing nozzle 19 and the melting combustion furnace 4. Connected to the steam heater 21 in the waste heat boiler 20 connected to the steam supply pipe 22 for supplying the steam (medium S) to the steam injection nozzle 19 and the steam supply pipe 22. The control valve 23 and the like for controlling the amount of steam to be supplied to the dust, and by blowing the steam from the steam blowing nozzle 19 from the upstream side to the downstream side of the upstream inclined duct 5b, the dust scraping device 6 The deposit A and the deposit A accumulated in the ducts 5b and 5c are blown off into the downstream inclined duct 5c and the melting combustion furnace 4.
[0026]
On the other hand, the medium blowing device 7 provided in the dust scraping device 6 of the downstream-side inclined duct 5c is formed in the rod 13 on the tip peripheral wall of the hollow rod 13 of the dust scraping device 6, as shown in FIGS. A plurality of steam blowing nozzles 19 that are provided so as to communicate with each opening 8a of the scraping body 8 and one end portion is inserted into the rod 13 and the other end portion is steam heating in the waste heat boiler 20 A steam supply pipe 22 connected to the vessel 21 for supplying steam (medium S) to the steam blowing nozzle 19, and a control valve 23 interposed in the steam supply pipe 22 for controlling the amount of steam supplied to the steam blowing nozzle 19. Etc., and was scraped off by the dust scraping device 6 by blowing steam from the steam blowing nozzle 19 from the upstream side to the downstream side of the downstream inclined duct 5c. Kimono A and duct 5b, deposits A deposited on the inside 5c adapted to blow off the molten combustion furnace 4.
Further, the portion of the steam supply pipe 22 inserted into the rod 13 is prevented from coming out of the rod 13 when the rod 13 reciprocates in the downstream inclined duct 5c. A seal mechanism 24 is interposed between the seal 22 and the steam so that the steam in the rod 13 does not leak out of the rod 13.
[0027]
Next, a case will be described in which the deposit A and the deposit A that have adhered and deposited in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 are removed out of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 using the cleaning device 1 described above.
[0028]
When the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is continued, dust and the like contained in the pyrolysis gas G adhere to and accumulate on the inner wall surfaces of the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c constituting the pyrolysis gas duct 5. Thus, the deposit A and the deposit A are formed. In order to remove this deposit A and deposit A, dust scraping device 6 provided in each of the inclined ducts 5b and 5c, medium blowing device 7 provided in the upstream inclined duct 5b, and dust in the downstream inclined duct 5c. The medium blowing device 7 provided in the scraping device 6 operates alternately and periodically.
[0029]
First, the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 provided in the upstream inclined duct 5b are operated. That is, when dust or the like adheres to and accumulates on the inner wall surface of the upstream inclined duct 5b, the scraping body 8 at the storage position of the upstream inclined duct 5b moves forward to the discharge position while being rotated by the driving device 9. Accordingly, the adhering matter A and the deposit A adhering and accumulating on the inner wall surface of the upstream side inclined duct 5b, the annular portion 8c of the scraping body 8 moving forward while rotating and sliding in the upstream side inclined duct 5b, It is scraped off by the nail 8b.
Further, in accordance with the operation of the dust scraping device 6, from the upstream side of the upstream inclined duct 5b to the downstream side from the steam blowing nozzle 19 of the medium blowing device 7 provided at the upstream end opening of the upstream inclined duct 5b. Steam is blown in the direction. As a result, the scraped deposit A and the deposit A accumulated in the upstream inclined duct 5b are blown off in the upstream inclined duct 5b to the downstream side, and the inside of the downstream inclined duct 5c and the melting combustion furnace 4 is transferred to the inside.
The scraping body 8 has a plurality of openings 8a. Therefore, even if the scraping body 8 is located in the upstream inclined duct 5b, the flow of the deposit A or the deposit A blown off by the pyrolysis gas G or steam. There is no stopping. As a result, it is possible to remove the deposit A and deposit A that have adhered and deposited in the upstream inclined duct 5b while operating the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus. However, since the scraping body 8 has a plurality of claws 8b on the front surface, even if there is an adhering substance A firmly attached in the upstream inclined duct 5b, it can be easily and easily crushed. And can be scraped off.
[0030]
Then, when the scraping body 8 moves to the discharge position, the scraping body 8 is retreated from the discharge position to the storage position while being rotated by the driving device 9, and the scraping body 8 repeats the above operation as necessary. At this time, it goes without saying that steam is blown from the steam blowing nozzle 19 into the upstream inclined duct 5b. Accordingly, the deposit A and the deposit A adhering to and accumulating in the upstream inclined duct 5b are completely scraped off and transferred to the downstream side of the upstream inclined duct 5b, and are melted in the downstream inclined duct 5c. It is fed into the combustion furnace 4.
[0031]
When the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 operate for a certain period of time to remove the deposit A and the deposit A in the upstream inclined duct 5b, the dust scraping device 6 and the medium provided in the upstream inclined duct 5b The blowing device 7 stops operating (only the dust scraping device 6 may stop operating), and the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 provided in the downstream inclined duct 5c continue to operate. That is, the scraping body 8 at the storage position of the downstream inclined duct 5c is advanced to the discharge position while being rotated by the drive device 9. Accordingly, the deposit A and the deposit A adhering to and accumulating on the inner wall surface of the downstream side inclined duct 5c, the annular portion 8c of the scraping body 8 moving forward while rotating and sliding in the downstream side inclined duct 5c, While being scraped off by the claw 8b, the inside of the downstream inclined duct 5c is transferred from the upstream side to the downstream side, and is fed into the melting combustion furnace 4 from the downstream end portion of the downstream inclined duct 5c. At this time, the deposit A and the deposit A sent from the upstream inclined duct 5 b into the downstream inclined duct 5 c are also sent into the melting combustion furnace 4 by the scraping body 8.
Further, with the operation of the dust scraping device 6, the steam from the steam blowing nozzle 19 of the medium blowing device 7 provided at the tip of the rod 13 of the driving device 9 flows from the upstream side to the downstream side of the downstream inclined duct 5 c. Is blown. As a result, the scraped deposit A and the deposit A accumulated in the upstream inclined duct 5b are blown to the downstream side in the downstream inclined duct 5c, and the downstream end of the downstream inclined duct 5c. To the melting combustion furnace 4.
The scraping body 8 has a plurality of openings 8a, so that the flow of the deposit A or the deposit A blown off by the pyrolysis gas G or steam even if it is located in the downstream inclined duct 5c. There is no stopping. As a result, it is possible to remove the deposit A and deposit A that have adhered and deposited in the downstream inclined duct 5c while operating the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus. However, since the scraping body 8 has a plurality of claws 8b on the front surface, even if there is an adhering matter A firmly attached in the downstream inclined duct 5c, it can be easily and easily crushed. And can be scraped off. Moreover, since the steam blowing nozzle 19 is provided at the tip of the rod 13, the scraping body 8 is also cleaned.
[0032]
Then, when the scraping body 8 moves to the discharge position, the scraping body 8 is retreated from the discharge position to the storage position while being rotated by the driving device 9, and the scraping body 8 repeats the above operation as necessary. At this time, it goes without saying that the steam is blown from the steam blowing nozzle 19 into the downstream inclined duct 5c. Therefore, the deposit A and the deposit A adhering and accumulating in the downstream inclined duct 5c are completely scraped off and sent into the melting combustion furnace 4 from the downstream end of the downstream inclined duct 5c.
[0033]
In this way, the cleaning device 1 uses the scraping body 8 to scrape off the deposit A and the deposit A even if dust or the like contained in the pyrolysis gas G adheres and accumulates in the pyrolysis gas duct 5. Since it can remove, obstruction | occlusion of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 by the deposit | attachment A and the deposit A can be prevented reliably. However, since the deposit A and the deposit A scraped off by blowing steam from the steam blowing nozzle 19 into the pyrolysis gas duct 5 are blown off and transferred to the downstream side, the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is blocked. Can be more reliably prevented.
Further, since the scraping body 8 has an opening 8a through which the pyrolysis gas G and the deposit A can pass, even if it is located in the pyrolysis gas duct 5, the pyrolysis gas G and the deposit A or the like. There is no stopping the flow. As a result, while the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus 4 is operated, the deposit A and deposit A adhered and deposited in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 can be removed.
Furthermore, since the vertical duct 5a of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is formed in a chimney type having a larger diameter than the upstream inclined duct 5b and the downstream inclined duct 5c, it is blocked even if dust or the like adheres to the inside. It is supposed not to. However, since the vertical duct 5a is connected to the carry-out device 3 in a vertical posture, dust or the like does not accumulate.
[0034]
FIG. 6 shows a cleaning device 1 for a pyrolysis gas duct 5 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The cleaning device 1 is a chimney type in which the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is connected to the carry-out device 3 in a vertical posture. The vertical duct 5a is composed of a vertical duct 5a and a horizontal duct 5f connected to the melting combustion furnace 4 in a horizontal posture. A dust scraping device 6 is provided in the horizontal duct 5f, and a medium is blown into the dust scraping device 6. A device 7 is provided.
[0035]
The dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 have the same structure as the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 provided in the downstream inclined duct 5c of the cleaning device 1 according to the first embodiment described above. The same members / parts as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0036]
The pyrolysis gas duct 5 is connected to the carry-out device 3 in a vertical posture, and is connected in a horizontal posture to the vertical duct 5a having a circular cross section with the upper end closed, and the upper end of the vertical duct 5a and the melting combustion furnace 4, respectively. It is comprised from the horizontal duct 5f of the cross-sectional shape circle | round | yen with which the upstream end was obstruct | occluded.
Further, the vertical duct 5a is formed in a chimney type that is much larger in diameter than the horizontal duct 5f, and has a structure that does not block even if dust or the like adheres to the inside.
[0037]
The pyrolysis gas duct 5 is always heated to 450 ° C. to 500 ° C. by an electric heater (not shown) in the same manner as the conventional pyrolysis gas duct 5 so that tar components in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 are not solidified. Has been.
[0038]
The cleaning device 1 can achieve the same effects as the cleaning device 1 according to the first embodiment. In particular, since the cleaning apparatus 1 has a horizontal structure of the pyrolysis gas duct 5, only one dust scraping device 6 and medium blowing device 7 are required, and the structure is simple, inexpensive, and economical. is there.
[0039]
In each of the above embodiments, the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 are periodically operated to remove the deposit A and the deposit A in the pyrolysis gas duct 5, In another embodiment, the pressures on the upstream side of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 (for example, in the dry distillation pyrolysis drum 2) and the downstream side of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 (for example, in the melting combustion furnace 4) are detected. When the difference between the detected pressure values exceeds the set value, the dust scraping device 6 and the medium blowing device 7 may be automatically operated.
[0041]
In each of the above embodiments, the scraping member 8 is moved forward and backward by the driving device 9 including the motor 16 and the screw shaft 11. However, in other embodiments, the scraping member 8. May be moved forward and backward by a drive device 9 comprising a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.
[0042]
In each of the above embodiments, steam is used as the medium S of the medium blowing device 7. However, in other embodiments, the medium S of the medium blowing device 7 is free of nitrogen gas or the like. An active gas may be used.
[0044]
In the first embodiment, the medium blowing device 7 is provided in the dust scraping device 6 provided in the downstream inclined duct 5c. However, in the other embodiments, the downstream gradient is provided. The medium blowing device 7 may be provided in the duct 5c.
[0045]
In the second embodiment, the medium blowing device 7 is provided in the dust scraping device 6. However, in another embodiment, the medium blowing device 7 is inserted into the horizontal duct 5 f of the pyrolysis gas duct 5. The medium S may be blown into the horizontal duct 5f from the upstream end of the horizontal duct 5f.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the cleaning device according to claim 1 of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas duct is composed of the vertical duct, the upstream inclined duct, and the downstream inclined duct, and the upstream inclined duct and the downstream inclined duct are arranged in the duct. The dust scraper that allows the pyrolysis gas to transfer the deposits and deposits to the outside of the duct is provided, so that the deposits and deposits such as dust in the pyrolysis gas duct are automatically removed. It is possible to reliably prevent clogging of the pyrolysis gas duct due to deposits and deposits.
In addition, the pyrolysis gas duct removes deposits and deposits deposited inside by blowing the medium into the duct on either or both of the pyrolysis gas tact side and the dust scraping device side. Since the medium blowing device for transferring to the outside is provided, blockage in the pyrolysis gas duct can be more reliably prevented.
Furthermore, the dust scraping device is disposed in the duct so as to be rotatable and reciprocating in a state in which the dust scraping device is inscribed in the inner wall surface thereof, and has a disk shape having an opening through which pyrolysis gas, deposits and deposits can pass. Since the scraper is formed in the duct and a drive device that reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the duct while rotating the scraper in the duct, the dust attached to the duct is attached. The kimono can be scraped off reliably, and the scraped deposits and the deposits deposited in the duct can be reliably transferred.
In addition, the scraping body of the dust scraping device is equipped with a plurality of claws on the front surface that crush and scrape off deposits adhering to the inner wall surface of the duct. Even an attached material can be easily and easily crushed and scraped off.
As a result, the carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus can be continuously operated, and waste can be melted at a higher efficiency, and the energy consumption can be greatly reduced. However, since the dust scraping device does not stop the flow of pyrolysis gas, it is necessary to remove deposits and deposits that have adhered to and deposited on the inner wall surface of the pyrolysis gas duct while operating the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion device. Can do.
[0047]
The cleaning device according to claim 2 of the present invention can provide the following effects in addition to the above effects.
That is, in the cleaning device according to claim 2 of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas duct is composed of a vertical duct and a horizontal duct, and a dust scraping device is provided on the horizontal duct, so only one dust scraping device is required. The structure is simple, inexpensive and economical.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a part of a waste dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus provided with a pyrolysis gas duct cleaning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cleaning device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dust scraping device of the cleaning device.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the dust scraping device.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram showing an example of a conventional waste carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is a cleaning device, 2 is a pyrolysis drum, 3 is an unloading device, 4 is a melting combustion furnace, 5 is a pyrolysis gas duct, 5a is a vertical duct, 5b is an upstream inclined duct, 5c is a downstream inclined duct, and 5f is horizontal A duct, 6 is a dust scraping device, 7 is a medium blowing device, 8 is a scraping body, 9 is a driving device, A is a deposit or deposit, G is a pyrolysis gas, D is a pyrolysis residue, and S is a medium.

Claims

The pyrolysis gas exhausted from the pyrolysis pyrolysis drum that pyrolyzes the waste is removed to the pyrolysis gas duct that guides the pyrolysis gas discharged to the melting combustion furnace. A dust scraping device is provided, and the medium is blown into the duct on one or both of the pyrolysis gas duct side and the dust scraping device side, and the deposits deposited inside the dust scraping device and accumulated inside. The pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device is provided with a medium blowing device for transferring the deposits to the outside of the pyrolysis gas duct. The pyrolysis gas duct is used to pyrolyze pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue discharged from the pyrolysis drum. A chimney-type vertical duct connected in a vertical position to an unloading device that separates and discharges gas and pyrolysis residue, and an inclination that increases the downstream side of the vertical duct An upstream inclined duct connected by a force, and an upstream inclined duct and a downstream inclined duct connected to the melting combustion furnace in an inclined posture in which the downstream side is lowered, and the dust scraping device is disposed inside the duct. In a state in which the inner wall of the duct is rotatable and reciprocally movable, the front surface is provided with a plurality of claws for scraping off the adhering matter adhering to the inner wall surface of the duct, and the adhering matter, deposit and heat that have been scraped off. It has a disk shape with an opening through which cracked gas can pass, and a scraping body that transports deposits and deposits accumulated in the duct to the outside of the tact, and a duct while rotating the scraping body in the duct And a drive device that reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the gas, and the dust scraping device is provided in each of the upstream inclined duct and the downstream inclined duct of the pyrolysis gas duct. Cleaning device of Sudakuto.

The pyrolysis gas exhausted from the pyrolysis pyrolysis drum that pyrolyzes the waste is removed to the pyrolysis gas duct that guides the pyrolysis gas discharged to the melting combustion furnace. A dust scraping device is installed, and the medium is blown into the duct on either or both of the pyrolysis gas duct side or the dust scraping device side, and the deposits or dust deposited by the dust scraping device are accumulated inside. The pyrolysis gas duct cleaning device is provided with a medium blowing device for transferring the deposits to the outside of the pyrolysis gas duct. The pyrolysis gas duct is used to pyrolyze pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue discharged from the pyrolysis drum. A chimney-type vertical duct connected in a vertical position to a discharge device that separates and discharges gas and pyrolysis residue, and a horizontal view of the vertical duct and melting furnace The dust scraping device is disposed in the duct so as to be rotatable and reciprocating in a state in which the dust scraping device is inscribed in the inner wall surface thereof, and attached to the inner wall surface of the duct on the front surface. It is equipped with a plurality of claws to scrape off the deposits and has a disk shape with openings through which scraped deposits, deposits and pyrolysis gas can pass, and deposits deposited in the ducts and ducts was composed of a scraping member to transfer to the tact outside, a drive device for reciprocating the scraping member along the longitudinal direction of the duct while rotating in the duct, horizontal duct of the pyrolysis gas duct of scraping the dust device An apparatus for cleaning a pyrolysis gas duct, which is provided in