JP3869918B2 - Dome-type waste disposal site - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dome-type waste disposal site for final disposal of general waste or industrial waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional waste final disposal site, a waterproof sheet is laid on the excavated part, and when the waste reaches the planned amount when it reaches the expected amount, a roof-like waterproof sheet is put on and dust and off-flavors are exposed to the outside. Or rainwater is prevented from entering the interior. However, due to the structure of such a disposal site, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and expensive in order to completely prevent the release of dust and off-flavors to the outside or the intrusion of rainwater.
[0003]
In order to solve the above problem, the present applicants constructed a hemispherical concrete wall at a predetermined disposal site installation location, and provided a water-impervious layer at the bottom of the hemispherical space inside the hemispherical concrete. Proposed a dome-type disposal site where a waste inlet is formed at the top and side of the wall, from which waste (general garbage, incineration ash, etc.) is thrown in, a construction method and a waste management method ( (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-331544, Japanese Patent Application No. 8-331545).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned dome-type disposal site is certainly recognized as being more reliable than the conventional one in terms of cost and construction period as well as reliable management of waste. However, in a disposal site where such waste is covered with a hemispherical concrete structure, there are the following new problems in its implementation.
[0005]
That is, although the concrete structure becomes a temporary water-impervious wall, complete water impermeability is impossible, and sewage generated from internal waste may leach out through the concrete wall. For this reason, in a final disposal site where the waste is covered with a concrete structure, it is necessary to surround the structure with a vertical impermeable wall or sheet. However, the installation of such a water-impervious wall and a water-impervious sheet increases the construction cost by increasing the extra work. Also, in the unlikely event that water leaks from a concrete structure, it is difficult to identify the location of the water leak, and the countermeasures are not considered at all.
[0006]
The object of the present invention is to solve the problems in the disposal site of the concrete structure described above, and to exhibit an effective water shielding function with a relatively simple water shielding means without requiring a large water shielding work. At the same time, it is intended to provide a dome-type final disposal site that can be quickly and reliably identified even if water leaks from a concrete wall and is easy to repair and maintain.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The dome-type waste disposal site according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above object is constructed of a dome main body with a concrete wall having a hemispherical shape or a kamaboko-shaped body and convex ends at both ends. At least the lower half of the dome body is buried in the ground, and a drainage layer is placed on the outer surface of the concrete wall of the buried dome body to cover the waterproof sheet, and a drainage layer is also placed on the bottom surface of the concrete floor slab. A water shielding sheet is provided, and a water collecting pipe is connected to the drainage layer on the outer surface of the dome body.
The concrete wall of the dome body has a high strength and resists external loads, and at the same time has a water shielding function. Therefore, both the water shielding sheets with the surrounding drainage layer perform a double water shielding function. And a drainage layer guides the water leakage from a concrete wall to a lower water collection pipe | tube, preventing the leaching to external soil with a water-impervious sheet.
[0008]
Further, in the present invention, the water shielding sheet and drainage layer provided on the dome body are divided into a plurality of sections, a water collecting pipe is arranged for each section, and a leakage monitoring mechanism is connected to the water collecting pipe for each section. It is possible to detect water leakage ( claim 2 ). Since the location of water leakage can be reliably grasped for each section, it is easy to take subsequent measures.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the leachate collected by the water collection pipe following the drainage layer is sprinkled when the waste is introduced ( claim 3 ). If the leachate is circulated in this manner, a final disposal site that does not discharge sewage at all can be obtained. When the collected leachate is sprinkled, the leachate may or may not be diluted. However, when diluting, it is desirable to collect groundwater at the same time and use it to dilute the leachate.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a basic example of a waste disposal site according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the disposal site is covered with a dome body 1 formed in a hemisphere shape by a concrete wall, a concrete floor slab 2 on the bottom surface thereof, and an outer surface embedded in the ground of the hemisphere dome body 1. It is comprised from the drainage layer 3 and the water-impervious sheet 4, and the drainage layer 5 and the water-impervious sheet 6 provided in the lower part of the concrete floor slab 2. 7 is a waste inlet provided at an arbitrary location (top or other location) of the concrete wall of the dome body 1 exposed on the ground surface, 8 is a water collecting pipe connected to the drainage layer 3, and 9 is the water collecting pipe 8. A leak monitoring pipe connected to one end, the upper end of which protrudes from the ground surface. Reference numeral 11 denotes soil around the dome body 1 and reference numeral 12 denotes wastes thrown into the dome body.
[0010]
A part of the hemispherical dome body 1 is buried in the ground. (1) When a predetermined amount of waste is filled in the disposal site, it is often landfilled and used for other purposes. (2) When loading waste into the dome body from the loading port provided on the upper side, a loading truck, etc. is loaded with a reasonable inclination. The reason is that the mouth can be easily reached, and (3) the surface space can be used effectively. It should be noted that the extent to which the entire dome body is embedded may be determined in consideration of the conditions of the disposal site itself, the surrounding environment, and the like. In some cases, almost all of the dome body may be embedded.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows a partially enlarged cross section of the concrete wall of the hemispherical dome main body 1 covered with the drainage layer 3 and the water shielding sheet 4, and the concrete wall 10 is made of a PC steel wire or a reinforcing bar appropriately disposed. The drainage layer 3 is first attached to the outer surface of the three-layer structure, and a water shielding sheet 4 is laid on the outer side of the drainage layer 3. The drainage layer 3 functions to capture leachate that has leaked through the concrete wall 10 and flow it downward, and is formed of a porous material such as a nonwoven fabric or a water-permeable mat. On the other hand, the impervious sheet 4 is for preventing leachate from the drainage layer 3 from leaking to the external soil side, or leachate from the external ground surface from leaching into the dome body, for example, synthetic rubber, It is formed from a sheet of synthetic resin or the like.
[0012]
Although the drainage layer 5 and the water shielding sheet 6 are shown as the water shielding means provided on the bottom surface of the concrete floor slab 2 on the bottom surface, the drainage layer 5 is made of sand or the like. It is formed from a sheet of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin or the like as in the case of the main body side.
[0013]
Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the drainage layer 3 and the water shielding sheet 4 on the dome main body side are equally divided into, for example, four sections, and the water collecting pipe 8 and the water leakage are arranged in the drainage layer for each section. A monitoring pipe 9 is connected. In this way, a plurality of water-impervious sections (the number of sections is appropriately determined according to the size of the dome) can quickly identify the section when water leakage occurs, and facilitate subsequent repair and maintenance. . FIG.1 (c) shows the cross section of the boundary location of this division, one water-impervious sheet 4a enters the boundary part between the drainage layers 3a and 3b, the front-end | tip adheres to the concrete wall 10, and the other The tip of the water shielding sheet 4b is bonded to one of the water shielding sheets 4a, but other known divided partition means may be used as a matter of course.
[0014]
Next, an example of the construction method of the waste disposal site according to the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), after excavating the excavation range (broken line portion) on the ground surface that is the planned disposal site construction site and leveling the ground, A drainage layer 5 such as sand is laid, and an annular floor slab concrete 2 is placed. Next, a hemispherical concrete wall is constructed on the floor slab concrete 2 to form the dome body 1, and a drainage layer is formed on a part of the outer surface of the dome body 1 (the portion embedded in the ground when backfilling). 3 and the water-impervious sheet 4 are divided and laid for each section. A water collecting pipe 8 is attached from the partitioned drainage layer, and a monitoring pipe 9 is connected thereto, and then the excavated portion is backfilled to bury the lower portion of the dome body 1 to complete the structure.
[0015]
When forming the dome body 1 having the above-described concrete structure, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 8-331544 and 8-331545, the concrete slab at the bottom is firstly formed. A film body is disposed in an airtight manner, and air is injected into the film body to expand it into a hemisphere, and a PC steel wire or a reinforcing bar network is disposed on the outer surface of the film body, which is maintained at a high pressure, and then concrete. By spraying (repeat this work multiple times), build a hemispherical strong concrete structure, and after the concrete hardens, return the inside to atmospheric pressure and remove the film body to build the dome body It is preferable to adopt the method. According to this construction method, it is possible to construct a dome having a diameter of about 60 m, and there is an advantage that the construction period can be greatly shortened and the cost can be reduced.
[0016]
In the example shown in the figure, water leakage from the drainage layer is detected from the water collection pipe through the water leakage monitoring pipe, but without leakage detection mechanism, including leakage from the drainage layer and groundwater. It is also possible to collect in one water collecting pit and dilute it so that it can be sprinkled with waste in the disposal site. Of course, water may be sprayed without dilution.
[0017]
Next, FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show that the dome body is not a semispherical shape, but a racetrack shape when viewed in plan, and the intermediate body portion is a semi-cylindrical shape (a semicircular cross section). This is an example in which both ends of the part are convex curved surfaces (in the figure, a quarter of a sphere). The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts, and a description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 3, the drainage layer 3 and the water shielding sheet 4 are divided into six sections as a whole, and a water collection pipe 8 and a leakage monitoring pipe 9 are connected to the drainage layer for each section. Whether the shape of the dome body is the shape shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 may be determined in consideration of the surrounding environment such as topography, the size of the dome, and the type of waste.
[0018]
In addition, the example of FIG. 4 shows a case where a dome is constructed on the ground surface, rather than a type where the ground surface is excavated to some extent as in the disposal site of FIG. A dome body 1A having a barrel-shaped body and convex curved surfaces (may be hemispherical) at both ends is constructed on the ground surface, and a water-impervious sheet, a drainage layer, and floor slab concrete are disposed at the bottom of the dome as in FIG. At the same time, an embankment portion 17 is formed for a truck or the like to reach the insertion port. In the dome main body portion covered with the embankment portion 17, as in FIG. 1, a water shielding sheet is covered with a drainage layer on the concrete wall, and facilities necessary for appropriate leachate treatment are provided. The Note that the embankment portion 17 needs to be embanked at a slope that allows a truck or the like to travel without difficulty, and may be formed by spirally winding around the dome body due to topographical restrictions. Also in this case, similarly to the above, the embankment is provided with water shielding means and leachate treatment means.
[0019]
【Example】
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the dome type disposal site according to the present invention is applied to an actual management type waste final disposal site. In FIG. 5, the incineration residue (and crushed incombustible material) is the landfill waste object, and the landfill area is about 1000 m ² . Rainwater is in principle completely closed, so there is no inflow. Groundwater is collected by a groundwater collection and drainage facility installed at the bottom of the water shielding means and discharged directly downstream. Other implementation conditions are as follows.
[0020]
・ Dome-type disposal site (hemispherical)
Dome radius R: 17.5m, Dome upper part exposed part H: 5m, Dome lower part D: 4.5m, Concrete wall thickness: 200mm
・ Water shielding means (dome side)
Drainage layer: Non-woven fabric, thickness 5mm
Water shielding sheet: Polyethylene sheet thickness 1.5mm
(Bottom side)
Drainage layer: sand, thickness 300-500mm
Water shielding sheet: Polyethylene sheet thickness 1.5mm
The leachate treatment means The water collecting pipe 13 is connected to the dome side drainage layer and the bottom side drainage layer, and the pipe is connected to the water collecting pit 14. A ground water collecting pipe 15 is also connected to the water collecting pit 14. The leachate collected in the water collecting pit is diluted by about 1/10000, and is sprayed from the vicinity of the waste inlet to the upper part of the inlet chute 16 installed inside the dome.
[0021]
The construction period of the disposal site in FIG. 5 is about ½ of the construction period of the normal sheet type disposal site, and it has been confirmed that the cost can be reduced by about 20 to 30%.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
The dome-type waste disposal site according to the present invention described above is superior in comparison with the conventional disposal site that covers the roof-like sheet and the dome-type disposal site where the surroundings are impermeable. Also, there is little risk of contaminating the soil around the dome. In addition, the contaminated water leached through the dome concrete wall can be reliably captured by the drainage layer provided on the outer surface, and if the drainage layer and the water shielding sheet are divided into multiple sections, the location of the leak can be reliably and quickly It can be detected and it is easy to take effective countermeasures thereafter.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic form of a waste disposal site according to the present invention, where (a) is a sectional view of the whole, (b) is a plan view of a dome portion, and (c) is divided into a plurality of sections. It is sectional drawing of the boundary part of the division which a drainage layer and a water shielding sheet adjoin.
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a concrete wall, a drainage layer, and a water shielding sheet of a dome body in the disposal site shown in FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show another embodiment of the waste disposal site according to the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a sectional view of the whole and FIG. 3B is a plan view of a dome portion.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing another construction example different from the disposal site in FIGS. 1 and 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an overall explanatory diagram when the disposal site of the present invention is applied to a management-type waste final disposal site.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Dome body 2 Concrete slab 3 Drainage layer (dome side) 4 Water shielding sheet (dome side)
5 Drainage layer (bottom side) 6 Water shielding sheet (bottom side)
7 Waste input port 8, 13, 15 Water collecting pipe 9 Pipe for water leakage monitoring 10 Concrete wall 11 Soil 12 Waste 14 Water collecting pit 16 Input chute 17 Embankment layer

Claims (3)

Construct a dome body with a concrete wall with a hemispherical shape or a semi-cylindrical body and convex curved ends at both ends, and bury at least the lower half of the dome body in the ground, and drain the concrete wall outside the buried dome body A water shielding sheet is covered with a layer , and a water shielding sheet is provided on the bottom surface of the concrete floor slab with a drainage layer interposed therebetween, and a water collecting pipe is connected to the drainage layer on the outer surface of the dome body. Dome-type waste disposal site. Dividing the water shielding sheet and drainage layer provided in the dome body into a plurality of sections, arranging a water collecting pipe for each section, and connecting a water leakage monitoring mechanism to the water collecting pipe to detect water leakage for each section. The dome-shaped waste disposal site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dome-shaped waste disposal site according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leachate collected by the water collecting pipe is sprinkled when the waste is introduced.

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