JP3872867B2 - Shielding machine earth removal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shield excavator for a shield machine using a so-called double screw conveyor, and more particularly, to a shield excavator for a shield machine with improved water stoppage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 10, the shield machine 1 excavates a natural ground by a cutter 3 provided at the front part of a cylindrical shield frame 2, and is shown in the shield frame 2 on the inner surface of the digging hole. The segment 4 is assembled by a non-elector to construct a tunnel. The excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter 3 is once taken into the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 partitioned by the partition wall 5 and conveyed to the underground 8 by the earth removing device 7.
[0003]
As the earth removal device 7, a so-called double screw conveyor as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is known. The double screw conveyor includes a rotating shaft 11 having a spiral screw blade 10 rotating in the right direction and a spiral shape rotating counterclockwise in a cylindrical casing 9 communicating with the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 and the pit 8 behind it. The rotary shaft 13 having the screw blades 12 is arranged in parallel so that both screw blades 10 and 12 wrap, and the rotary shafts 11 and 13 are rotated in the opposite direction to each other, thereby allowing the inlet of the casing 9 to enter. The earth and sand taken in from 14 is conveyed to the outlet 15.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in such a double screw conveyor, as shown in FIG. 11, the screw blades 10 of one rotating shaft 11 are arranged so as to be positioned at approximately the center of one pitch of the screw blades 12 of the other rotating shaft 13. In the wrap portion between the screw blades 10 and 12, a passage of water or earth and sand from the inlet 14 to the outlet 15 is formed so as to meander the gap between the screw blades 10 and 12. Therefore, when the earth pressure water pressure of the face increases, the earth and sand and groundwater in the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 may erupt from the outlet 15 through the passage. Such eruption is likely to occur when constructing a deep tunnel or a submarine tunnel where the pressure of the face increases.
[0005]
An object of the present invention, which was created in view of the above circumstances, is to provide a soil removal device for a shield machine capable of increasing the water-stopping property of the lap portion between both screw blades.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotating shaft having a spiral screw blade rotating in the right direction and a left-handed rotation in a cylindrical casing that communicates the earth and sand intake chamber of the shield machine and the mine behind it. Rotating shaft having spiral screw blades and wrapping both screw blades in parallel, moving the rotating shaft having one screw blade in the axial direction relative to the rotating shaft having the other screw blade An actuator is provided which is freely movable and moves the rotation shaft having the one screw blade in the axial direction to narrow the gap between the one screw blade and the other screw blade .
[0014]
According to the present invention, the rotational axis having one screw blade is moved in the axial direction with respect to the rotational shaft having the other screw blade, and the clearance between the two screw blades is narrowed, so that Rise. Therefore, the eruption phenomenon accompanying the high pressure of the face can be prevented beforehand.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first reference embodiment that is not an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0016]
The earth discharging apparatus shown in FIG. 1 conveys the earth and sand in the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 of the shield machine 1 shown in FIG. 10 to the inside of the mine 8 behind the partition wall 5. It has a cylindrical casing 20 that communicates. The casing 20 includes a cylindrical front casing 20a having an inlet (not shown) in the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6, and a rear casing 20b (see FIG. 3) having a vertical cross-sectional cylindrical shape having an outlet 21 in the pit 8. Are detachably connected with a bolt or the like (not shown).
[0017]
In the rear casing 20b, as shown in FIG. 1, a rotating shaft 23 having a right-handed spiral screw blade 22 and a rotating shaft 25 having a left-handed spiral screw blade 24 are both provided. The screw blades 22 and 24 are accommodated in parallel so as to wrap. The dimensions in the radial direction of both screw blades 22 and 24 are the dimensions up to just before coming into contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the counterpart rotating shafts 23 and 25, respectively.
[0018]
One end of the rotary shaft 23 is pivotally supported on the rear casing 20b by bearings 26 and 26, and the other end of the rotary shaft 25 is pivotally supported on the rear casing 20b by a bearing 27. Timing gears 28 and 28 having the same number of teeth are attached to the ends of the rotary shafts 23 and 25, respectively, and a drive motor 29 is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 25. According to this configuration, both the rotary shafts 23 and 25 rotate at the same speed in the opposite directions by the drive of the drive motor 29.
[0019]
It is a feature of this preferred embodiment is that the thickened to fit one pitch clearance T of one of the other screw blade 24 the thickness t of the screw blade 22. As a result, the cross section of one screw blade 22 is substantially square. In this reference embodiment, although both of the screw blade 22, 24 are meshed by three pitches, this is for the sake of completeness in water cut, it may be one pitch if ensured even water cut, may be any number pitch .
[0020]
The rear casing 20b axially rearward of the screw blades 22 and 24 is formed with an outlet 21 that is open to the pit 8. Screw blades 22 and 24 are not provided on the rotary shafts 23 and 25 facing the outlet 21. This is in order to improve soil removal properties. The rotary shafts 23 and 25 on the rear side in the axial direction of the outlet 21 are provided with screw blades 22 and 24 and screw blades 30 and 31 in the reverse turning direction, respectively. This is because the earth and sand are efficiently sent out from the outlet 21.
[0021]
On the other hand, a rotary shaft 33 having a spiral screw blade 32 in the same direction as the thin screw blade 24 in the rear casing 20b is disposed in the front casing 20a via the rotary shaft 25 and the detachable member 100 in the rear casing 20b. Connected and housed. The detachable member 100 includes a concave portion 101 formed on the rotary shaft 33, a convex portion 102 formed on the rotary shaft 25, and a pin 103 passing through the convex portion 102 and the concave portion 101.
[0022]
The concave portion 101 and the convex portion 103 preferably have a polygonal cross section in order to transmit a rotational force. According to this configuration, the rotation shaft 33 and the rotation shaft 25 can be freely separated and joined by inserting and removing the pin 103. In addition, the arrangement | positioning of the recessed part 101 and the convex part 102 may be reversed, and you may connect the rotating shaft 33 and the rotating shaft 25 integrally without the attachment / detachment member 100 being interposed.
[0023]
An entrance (not shown) opened in the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 of the shield machine 1 shown in FIG. 10 is formed at the front end portion in the axial direction of the front casing 20a. The diameter of the thin screw blade 24 in the rear casing 20b is larger than the diameter of the screw blade 32 in the front casing 20a. This is to match the sediment transport amount in the front casing 20a with the sediment transport amount in the rear casing 20b.
[0024]
That is, in the rear casing 20b, since the earth and sand conveyance space is crushed by the lap portion of the thin screw blade 24 and the thick screw blade 22 and the amount of earth and sand conveyance is reduced, it is equivalent to the screw blade 32 in the front casing 20a. This is because the diameter of the screw blades 24 in the rear casing 20b needs to be larger than the diameter of the screw blades 32 in the front casing 20a in order to ensure the amount of earth and sand transported.
[0025]
Describe the effect of this preferred embodiment having the above configuration.
[0026]
In FIG. 1, when the drive motor 29 is driven, the two rotary shafts 23 and 25 in the rear casing 20b rotate in the reverse direction and the rotary shaft 33 in the front casing 20a rotates. Thus, the earth and sand in the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 shown in FIG. 10 is taken in from the inlet at the front end of the front casing 20a and conveyed by the screw blade 32 therein, and then the screw blade in the subsequent rear casing 20b. 22 and 24, and discharged from the exit 21 into the mine 8.
[0027]
Here, since the wall thickness t of one screw blade 22 in the rear casing 20b is increased so as to fit into the gap T corresponding to one pitch of the other screw blade 24, the wrap between both screw blades 22 and 24 is obtained. The gap between the portions is filled, and the water stoppage of the lap portion is increased. Therefore, the eruption phenomenon from the exit 21 due to the high pressure of the face is prevented in advance, and the earth removal device is suitable for use in construction of a deep tunnel or a submarine tunnel where the pressure of the face is increased. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the constriction of the lap | wrap part of both screw blade | wings 22 and 24 is sealed by the mountain-shaped member 20c provided in the rear casing 20b.
[0028]
Moreover, the earth and sand in the front casing 20a is divided by the thickness ratio of the screw blades 22 and 24 at the connection portion 34 with the front casing 20a, and is divided by the screw blade 22 and the inner surface of the rear casing 20b. It is conveyed in the space 35 and in the space 36 defined by the screw blade 24 and the inner surface of the rear casing 20b. Therefore, the diversion of earth and sand can be controlled by changing the thickness ratio of both screw blades 22 and 24.
[0029]
Further, since the screw blades 22 and 24 are filled with the screw blades 22 and 24 and the earth and sand do not flow, the flow of the soil is not greatly disturbed. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, when the earth and sand flows through the wrap portion of the screw blades 10 and 12, the flow of the soil is greatly disturbed by the screw blades 10 and 12 that rotate in the opposite directions at the wrap portion. However, in this reference embodiment, the soil is smoothly discharged because it flows through the spaces 35 and 36 without flowing through the lap portion.
[0030]
In addition, the cylindrical front casing 20a has a smaller volume than the rear casing 20b having a bowl-shaped cross-section, and thus prevents the eruption phenomenon associated with the high pressure of the face while saving space in a narrow tunnel. it can. Specifically, near the partition wall 5 shown in FIG. 10 to the front casing 20a is arranged is little left space for the drive motor and the drive gears of the cutter 3 is disposed, prior to this preferred embodiment If it is a part casing 20a (cylindrical shape), it can be installed without any problem because an installation space equivalent to a normal single screw is sufficient.
[0031]
If there is sufficient space in the vicinity of the partition wall 5, the rear casing 20 b (cross-sectional cylindrical shape) and the internal rotary shafts 23 and 25 are extended as they are to the earth taking-in chamber 6, and the front casing 20 a is It may be omitted. The front casing 20a and the rear casing 20b are detachably connected, and the rotary shaft 33 in the front casing 20a and the rotary shaft 25 in the rear casing 20b connected thereto are connected to the detachable member 100. Therefore, the normal single-screw conveyor on the front casing 20a side and the double-screw conveyor on the rear casing 20b side can be separated from each other and used independently.
[0032]
A second embodiment that is not an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS .
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 4, the earth removing device has a casing 40 having a vertical cross-sectional cylindrical shape that communicates the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 of the shield machine 1 and the pit 8 behind it. Unlike the previous reference embodiment, the casing 40 is entirely saddle-shaped in cross section along the axial direction. In the casing 40, a rotating shaft 42 having a spiral screw blade 41 turning right and a rotating shaft 44 having a spiral screw blade 43 turning left mesh with each other. (Wrapped) in parallel.
[0034]
The feature of this reference embodiment is that the thicknesses x and x of both screw blades 41 and 43 are equally thickened so as to fit into the gaps x and x for one pitch of the screw blades 41 and 43. It is in. According to this structure, the clearance gap of the lap | wrap part of both screw blade | wings 41 and 43 is filled, and the water stop of a lap | wrap part increases. Therefore, the eruption phenomenon accompanying the high pressure of the face can be prevented in advance as in the previous reference embodiment.
[0035]
Further, the earth and sand transported in the casing 40 is transported in the spaces 45 and 46 defined by the screw blades 41 and 43 and the inner surface of the casing 40, not in the lap portion of the screw blades 41 and 43. Therefore, the outlet 47 of the casing 40 is formed at both ends in the minor axis direction of the casing 40 as shown in FIG. 6 with an area that extends over the soil removal spaces 45 and 46 of both screws. A discharge pipe 49 is connected to the outlet 47. On the other hand, the inlet 50 of the casing 40 is opened to the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 shown in FIG.
[0036]
Note that the cross-sectional shapes of both screw blades 41 and 43 may be triangular, square or square edges cut as shown in FIGS. 5 (a), (b) and (c), for example. In any case, it is sufficient that the gap between the lap portions of both screw blades 41 and 43 is filled.
[0037]
One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 7, this earth removal device has a casing 60 having a vertical cross-sectional cylindrical shape that communicates the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 of the shield machine 1 and the pit 8 behind it. In the casing 60, a rotating shaft 62 having a spiral screw blade 61 turning right and a rotating shaft 64 having a spiral screw blade 63 turning left wrap both screw blades 61, 63. They are arranged in parallel.
[0039]
The feature of this embodiment is that the rotary shaft 62 having one screw blade 61 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotary shaft 64 having the other screw blade 63. Specifically, one rotary shaft 62 is axially supported by the casing 60 via a bearing 65 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the other rotary shaft 64 slides axially by the casing 60 via a bearing 66. It is supported without any problems.
[0040]
The other rotating shaft 64 is provided with a wide gear 69 that meshes with the pinion 68 of the drive motor 67, and the one rotating shaft 62 has the same number of narrow gears 70 that mesh with the gear 69. Is provided. The width y of the wide gear 69 is set such that the narrow gear 70 does not fall off even if one of the rotating shafts 62 is moved in the axial direction and one screw blade 61 is brought into contact with the other screw blade 63. Yes.
[0041]
In addition, a rod portion 72 of a cylinder 71 as an actuator for moving the rotary shaft 62 in the axial direction is connected to an end portion of one rotary shaft 62. The actuator is not limited to the cylinder 71 and may be a screw feed mechanism that can be finely adjusted.
[0042]
According to this configuration, the rotary shaft 62 having one screw blade 61 is moved in the axial direction by the cylinder 71 with respect to the rotary shaft 64 having the other screw blade 63, and the clearance between the screw blades 61, 63 is determined. By narrowing, the water stoppage of the lap portion, which has been a problem in the past, is increased. Therefore, the eruption phenomenon accompanying the high pressure of the face can be prevented in advance as in the previous reference embodiment.
[0043]
In addition, although all the above earth removal apparatuses have been described with respect to an example applied to a shield excavator of a normal sideways excavation, the earth excavation apparatus 7 of the vertical shield excavator 1 that excavates vertically as shown in FIG. Of course, it may be applied. In this case, the earth and sand is forced upward against gravity by the approximate positive displacement pump action of a double screw.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the earthing device of the shield machine according to the present invention, the water stoppage of the lap portion between both screw blades can be increased, so that even if the pressure of the face increases, the eruption phenomenon is caused in advance. Can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an essential part of a soil removal device for a shield machine according to a first reference embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
4 is a main part side sectional view of the earth removing device of the shield machine according to a second reference embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a side view of an essential part showing a modification of the cross-sectional shape of a screw blade according to a second reference embodiment .
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part of a soil removal device for a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical shield machine.
FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of a normal shield machine.
FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a soil excavator (double screw conveyor) of a shield machine showing a conventional example.
12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 6 Sediment taking-in room 8 Underground 20 Casing 20a Front casing 20b Rear casing 21 Outlet 22 One screw blade 23 One rotating shaft 24 The other screw blade 25 The other rotating shaft t Thickness T Clearance

Claims (1)

Rotation with a rotating shaft with spiral screw blades turning right and a spiral screw blade turning left in a cylindrical casing that communicates the earth and sand intake chamber of the shield machine and the mine behind it The shaft is arranged in parallel by wrapping both screw blades, and the rotation shaft having one screw blade is movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotation shaft having the other screw blade, and has the one screw blade. An earthing device for a shield machine, comprising an actuator for moving a rotating shaft in an axial direction to narrow a gap between the one screw blade and the other screw blade .

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