JP3875355B2

JP3875355B2 - Water stop material and its water stop structure

Info

Publication number: JP3875355B2
Application number: JP16333297A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 豊栗生; 丈裕宇井; 学松永; 克彦橘
Original assignee: Nitto Denko Corp
Current assignee: Nitto Denko Corp
Priority date: 1997-06-04
Filing date: 1997-06-04
Publication date: 2007-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2017-06-04
Also published as: JPH10331276A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の技術分野】
本発明は、部材間への装着性やシール性能に優れて建築物の水シールなどに好適な止水材及びその止水構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、発泡体に粘着層を付設してなる止水材が知られていた。これは、建築物用等の部材間に装着して水シールするようにしたものであり、一方の部材に粘着層を介して接着し、他方の部材で発泡体を圧縮して水シールを達成する。しかしながら、粘着層側は粘着層を介して良密着するものの、他方側は発泡体の圧縮反発力を介した接触であるため水シールが不充分な問題点があった。部材が粗面体からなる場合、特に漏水が著しい。
【０００３】
前記に鑑みて、発泡体の両面に粘着層を付設した止水材とする試みもあるが、一方の部材に対して他方の部材を位置合せする際に、作業が完了する前に粘着層が他方の部材と接着し、それを剥がす際に止水材が一方の部材より剥がれて位置狂いしたり、粘着層が接着したままの位置合せで止水材が捩じれたりして作業ミスが多発しやすく、水シールの信頼性にも劣る難点があった。
【０００４】
粘着層にセパレータを仮着した状態で他方の部材を位置合せすることも考えられるが、その場合には、部材を設定した後に粘着層よりセパレータを剥離除去する必要が生じ、その除去の際に止水材の捩じれや、下地材との剥がれによる位置狂いなどが多発して、水シールの信頼性がより低下する。
【０００５】
【発明の技術的課題】
本発明は、捩じれや位置狂い等の配置ミスを生じることなく部材間に容易に装着できて施工性に優れ、水シール処理の信頼性に優れる止水材及び止水構造の開発を課題とする。
【０００６】
【課題の解決手段】
本発明は、少なくとも発泡体層と易水溶層を有してなり、その易水溶層が水溶性ポリマーにそれの１００重量部あたり１０〜９５重量部の可塑化剤を配合したものよりなると共に、厚さ３０μm、３０mm角の寸法片として１５℃、１００ｇの水上に配置した場合に１０秒以内に溶解消失し、かつ引張り破断強度が２５〜６５kgf／cm^２のものからなり、前記の可塑化剤が平均分子量１５０〜４０００で水溶性のオリゴマーよりなることを特徴とする止水材、及びそれを部材間に配置して水シール処理してなることを特徴とする止水構造を提供するものである。
【０００７】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、易水溶層を介して部材間への装着時における部材との接着や大きな摩擦力の発生を防止でき、止水材の捩じれや位置狂い等の配置ミスなく部材を容易に位置合せできて施工性に優れており、発泡体層が折り曲げ等の外力で大きく変形した際にもその変形に易水溶層が密着追随し、折り曲げシワ等の発生を防止できる。一方、水の浸入があると易水溶層がその水を吸収して速やかに増粘状態となり、相手側部材の平滑や粗面の表面状態を問わずに良密着して止水効果を発現する。
【０００８】
また易水溶層は、水を吸収しても部材間より流出しにくく、部材間に位置して乾湿を繰返し止水効果を長期に持続する。前記の結果、既成の部材間に詰め込み式で圧入する方式にても信頼性に優れる水シールを達成でき、種々の部材間が高い信頼性で水シールされた止水構造を容易に形成することができる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明の止水材は、少なくとも発泡体層と易水溶層を有してなり、その易水溶層が水溶性ポリマーにそれの１００重量部あたり１０〜９５重量部の可塑化剤を配合したものよりなると共に、厚さ３０μm、３０mm角の寸法片として１５℃、１００ｇの水上に配置した場合に１０秒以内に溶解消失し、かつ引張り破断強度が２５〜６５kgf／cm^２のものからなり、前記の可塑化剤が平均分子量１５０〜４０００で水溶性のオリゴマーよりなって、必要に応じて表面部や中間部に粘着層を有するものである。その例を図１、図２、図３に示した。１が易水溶層、２が発泡体層であり、３，４は粘着層、５は滑膜コートである。
【００１０】
図１では発泡体層２に易水溶層１を直接有するタイプを例示し、図２では発泡体層２の片面のみに粘着層３を有し、易水溶層１の上に滑膜コート５を有するタイプを例示した。また図３では、発泡体層２の両面に粘着層３，４と易水溶層１と滑膜コート５を有するタイプを例示した。本発明において易水溶層や粘着層や滑膜コートは、発泡体層の片面又は両面に有してよく、その形態は止水材の適用場所や部材の表面状態などに応じて適宜に決定される。
【００１１】
従って図３の如く、発泡体層の両面に粘着層を有するものの場合に易水溶層で被覆された粘着層は、片側のみであってもよいし、両側の粘着層が易水溶層で被覆されていてもよい。これらは例えば粗表面からなる部材同士間の水シールやゴムシート等の中間部材を併用する場合などに好ましく用いられる。
【００１２】
前記の場合、前者では易水溶層を有しない粘着層を介し一方の部材に接着して止水材を位置決め固定した後、他方の部材を配置する施工方式などが好ましく適用でき、後者では既成の部材間に詰め込み式で圧入する施工方式などが好ましく適用することができる。もちろんこれらの施工方式に限定するものでない。
【００１３】
本発明の止水材は、発泡体層の止水目的箇所等に所定の易水溶層を配置する点を除いて従来に準じたものとすることができる。従ってその発泡体層は、単層体や異種発泡体の重畳体、あるいはゴムシート等の芯材の両面に発泡体層をラミネートしたものなどとして形成されていてよい。
【００１４】
ちなみに発泡体層を、硬い発泡体の片面又は両面に柔らかい発泡体を設けた重畳体などとして形成することにより、その柔らかい発泡体を介して部材に対する良変形密着性を確保しつつ、硬い発泡体を介して折れ曲がり難くすることができ、止水材における折り曲げシワの発生の防止等に有効である。
【００１５】
前記において折り曲げシワの発生防止性等の点より好ましい発泡体層は、常温における５０％圧縮荷重が１．０kgf／cm²以上の硬い発泡体と、当該圧縮荷重が０．５kgf／cm²以下の柔らかい発泡体との組合せで重畳したものである。発泡体の重畳体は、例えば接着剤又は両面粘着テープ等による接着方式や加熱融着方式などの適宜な方式で一体化されていればよい。
【００１６】
発泡体を形成する材料については特に限定はなく、適宜な材料で形成されていてよい。ちなみにその材料としては、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体やエチレン・プロピレン・ジエン共重合体（ＥＰＤＭ）等のポリオレフィン、ポリウレタンやシリコーン系ポリマー、アクリル系ポリマーやブチルゴム系ポリマー、ＳＢＲ系ポリマーやＮＲ系ポリマー、ＮＢＲ系ポリマーやそれらのブレンドポリマーなどがあげられる。就中、耐水性や軽量性などの点よりＥＰＤＭ系フォームが好ましく用いうる。
【００１７】
発泡体層の厚さは、止水材の適用箇所や圧縮性などに応じて適宜に決定しうる。一般には、１００mm以下、就中０．１〜５０mm、特に１〜３０mmの厚さとされる。また発泡体層の圧縮強さは、単層体か重畳体であるか等による形態や、止水材の適用箇所やその箇所に求められる圧縮性などに応じて適宜に決定しうる。一般には、常温での５０％圧縮荷重に基づいて０．０１〜５kgf／cm²、就中０．０５〜４kgf／cm²、特に０．１〜３kgf／cm²とされる。
【００１８】
なお発泡体の圧縮強さは、その形成素材や配合組成や発泡倍率などにより調節することができ、一般には２〜１００倍、就中３〜５０倍、特に５〜３０倍の発泡倍率とされる。発泡体層は、独立気泡構造又は連続気泡構造のいずれであってもよいが、水シール性の点よりは独立気泡構造が好ましい。なお連続気泡構造の場合には、遮水状態に圧縮配置する必要がある。
【００１９】
易水溶層は、水の侵入があったとき、就中、最初の浸水があったときに速やかに吸水増粘して止水効果を発揮するその応答速度性や、発泡体層の緩やかな圧縮率、就中７５％以下、特に６５％以下の圧縮率での止水効果の発現性などの点より、水溶性ポリマー１００重量部に可塑化剤を１０〜９５重量部配合したものよりなり、厚さ３０μm、３０mm角の寸法片として１５℃、１００ｇの水上に配置した場合に１０秒以内に溶解消失し、かつ引張り破断強度が２５〜６５kgf／cm^２のものにて形成される。
【００２０】
前記の応答速度が１０秒を超えると止水効果の発現が遅れ、浸水が易水溶層を透過するおそれがあり、止水効果の信頼性に乏しくなる。止水効果の信頼性などの点より好ましい易水溶層は、前記の溶解消失が９秒以内のもの、就中１〜８秒、特に２〜７秒のものである。また引張り破断強度が前記範囲を満足しない場合、発泡体層の圧縮率を７５％以下とした装着条件での止水効果の発現性に乏しくなる。その止水効果の発現性等の点より易水溶層の好ましい引張り破断強度は、２８〜６３kgf／cm²、就中３０〜６０kgf／cm²である。
【００２１】
従って易水溶層の形成は、前記の溶解消失特性を示す適宜な水溶性ポリマーにて行うことができる。就中、耐久性などの点より、例えばポリビニルアルコールやカルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリエチレングリコールやポリプロピレングリコールなどが好ましく用いられ、特に主鎖に化学的に安定なエーテル結合を有する変性ポリエチレングリコールなどが好ましく用いうる。なおポリビニルアルコールの場合、高ケン化度である必要はなく、５０〜７０％程度の低ケン化度のものも用いうる。
【００２２】
易水溶層の止水箇所での居止まり性、すなわち易水溶層が吸水により易流動化して止水箇所より早期に流出することを防止する点より好ましい水溶性ポリマーの平均分子量は、６万以上、就中７万〜１９万、特に８万〜１８万である。なお水溶性ポリマーの平均分子量が５万未満では、前記の居止まり性に乏しく、２０万を超えると止水効果の発現速度に乏しくなる。
【００２３】
上記した如く、止水材を折り曲げシワ等があるまま部材間に装着するとその箇所が漏水原因となりやすく、易水溶層にシワがあるとそれによる浸水吸収に遅延がなくても、シワによる隙間部における止水効果の発現、特に最初の浸水の際の止水効果発現に遅れて、その隙間より浸水するおそれがあるためその回避策が望まれる。
【００２４】
本発明においては、易水溶層と発泡体層の弾性の相違等に基づいて折り曲げ等により止水材に復元不能なシワが発生するおそれがあり、その防止を目的に水溶性ポリマーからなる易水溶層に可塑化剤を配合する。可塑化剤の配合による易水溶層の軟質化ないし柔軟化により、発泡体層が折り曲げ等の外力で大きく変形した際にもその変形に密着追随し、折り曲げシワ等の発生を防止することができる。
【００２５】
前記の可塑化剤としては、水溶性ポリマーからなる易水溶皮膜を柔軟化しうる親水性や親油性等のものが用いられ、水溶性ポリマーとの相溶性や吸水作用の阻害防止性などの点より本発明においては、例えば前記水溶性ポリマーで例示したものやヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ポリアクリル酸ソーダの如き水溶性のものなどからなる平均分子量が１５０〜４０００で水溶性のオリゴマーが用いられる。
【００２６】
水溶性ポリマーからなる皮膜の柔軟化効果や皮膜中よりの流出防止性などの点より特に好ましく用いうるオリゴマーの平均分子量は、２００〜３５００である。なおオリゴマーの平均分子量が１５０未満では、水溶性ポリマーからなる皮膜が吸水した際に皮膜中より流出しやすくなり、４０００を超えると水溶性ポリマーからなる皮膜の柔軟化効果に乏しくなる。
【００２７】
前記においてオリゴマーの使用割合は、易水溶皮膜の柔軟化の程度や、その易水溶皮膜中よりオリゴマーが流出した後における止水効果の長期持続性などの点より、水溶性ポリマー１００重量部あたり１０〜９５重量部、就中１５〜９０重量部、特に２０〜８０重量部とされる。
【００２８】
易水溶層の厚さは、水への溶解速度などに応じて適宜に決定しうるが、一般には５００μm以下、就中５〜２００μm、特に１０〜１００μmとされる。発泡体層や粘着層の上への易水溶層の付設は、例えばフィルムのラミネート方式、発泡体層等の上への溶融押出し方式や溶液の塗布方式などの適宜な方式で行うことができる。発泡体層等の上に付設した易水溶層に対しては、必要に応じ水等の溶剤や加熱溶融等により液状化して下層との密着処理を図ることもできる。かかる処理は、シワの発生防止の点よりも有効である。
【００２９】
易水溶層は、耐久性、止水効果の発現性や持続性などの点より、破断伸び率が１５０〜５００％であることが好ましく、４０重量％水溶液とした場合にその粘度が４０〜４００ポイズであるものが好ましい。なお粘度は、ＢＨ型粘度計、ローターＮｏ．４、回転数２０rpm、３０℃による測定条件に基づく。
【００３０】
易水溶層の外表面に対しては必要に応じて、図２や図３に例示の如く滑膜コート５を設けることもできる。滑膜コートは、易水溶層と部材との接触抵抗を低くして滑りやすくし、施工性の向上を図ることを目的とする。従って既成の部材間に詰め込み式で圧入施工する方式の止水材の場合には、図３に例示の如く発泡体層２の両面に、必要に応じ粘着層３，４を介して、易水溶層１と滑膜コート５を付設したものが好ましい。
【００３１】
滑膜コートの形成には、例えば長鎖アルキル系やシリコーン系やフッ素系等の適宜な剥離剤などが用いられる。剥離剤からなる滑膜コートの場合には、発泡体層の反対側に粘着面が露出するときに、その滑膜コートの離型性を利用してロール状に巻回したり、重ね置きすることができ、巻戻しなどを容易とするために露出粘着面をセパレータで仮着被覆する必要を回避することができる。
【００３２】
滑膜コートの形成は、易水溶層上に形成材を塗布する方式などの適宜な方式で行うことができ、滑膜コートを付与した易水溶フィルムとして粘着層上にラミネートする方式などににても止水材を形成することができる。滑膜コートの厚さは、１００μm以下、就中１〜５０μmが一般的であるが、易水溶層の水溶性を阻害しない範囲で適宜に決定してよい。
【００３３】
止水材の外表面や、発泡体層と易水溶層の間などに必要に応じて配置される粘着層は、適宜な耐水性の粘着性物質で形成することができる。発泡体層と易水溶層の間への粘着層の配置は、易水溶層が仮に溶解除去されてもその粘着層が露出して部材と接着し止水効果を発現して、より高信頼性の水シールが達成される。また粘着層は、適度なクッション性を付与して施工性の向上に有効である。
【００３４】
粘着層の形成には前記の如く、ゴム系やアクリル系、シリコーン系などの公知の耐水性粘着剤のいずれも用いうるが、水シール性などの点よりはブチルゴム系粘着剤が特に好ましく用いうる。粘着層の厚さは、部材の表面粗さ等の止水材の適用個所などに応じて適宜に決定でき、一般には５mm以下、就中０．１〜３mm、特に０．２〜２mmとされる。発泡体層の両面に粘着層を設ける場合、表裏で粘着層の種類が異なっていてもよい。
【００３５】
粘着層は、塗布方式や押出成形方式、カレンダー成形方式などの適宜な方式で形成することができる。また発泡体層上への直接成形方式や、シート状粘着層の接着方式などの適宜な方式で発泡体層上にラミネートすることができる。その場合、両面粘着シートを用いて粘着層を形成してもよい。発泡体層の粘着層との接着面にはコロナ放電処理や火炎暴露などの適宜な接着力向上処理を施すことができる。なお発泡体層や易水溶層や粘着層等には必要に応じて老化防止剤や充填剤などの適宜な添加剤を配合することができる。
【００３６】
本発明の止水材は、適用個所の全面に接着することを目的としたシートや、適用個所に部分的に接着することを目的とした所定幅のテープなどの適宜な形態で使用することができる。
【００３７】
また止水材は、それを適宜な部材間に配置して水シールの信頼性に優れる止水構造を容易に形成することができる。その適用対象の部材間については特に限定はなく、例えば建築物などの水シールを要する適宜な部材間からなる箇所に適用することができる。
【００３８】
ちなみに図４〜図６に、本発明の止水材を配置してなる止水構造を例示した。図４に例示の止水構造は、外壁材８の目地部８１における下地材７と外壁材８からなる部材間に止水材６を配置したものである。これは、当該目地８１にガスケット１０を装着して主シール処理を行うと共に、水シールの信頼性を高めるために当該止水材６を用いて下地材７と外壁材８の間を２次シールしたものである。
【００３９】
なお図４における符号の９は、下地材７と外壁材８を固定するためのビスであり、止水材６は、その粘着層４を介し下地材７に接着して、易水溶層１が外壁材８の側となるように取付けられている。
【００４０】
また図５に例示の止水構造は、止水材６を基礎１１と土台１２からなる部材間に配置したものであり、止水材６は、その粘着層４を介して基礎１１と接着し、易水溶層１が土台１２と圧接するように取付けられている。一方、図６に例示の止水構造は、外壁材８に形成した換気口８２に対してフード１３を図外のビスを介して取付ける際に、そのフード１３の周縁部１４に止水材６を粘着層４を介し接着して壁材８との間に介在させたものである。
【００４１】
上記のように、本発明の止水材は、前記した建築部材間や換気口等の開口部における開口形成材とそれへの取付け部材間、あるいは屋根板と屋根瓦等の間（屋根下地材）、サッシやドアとその枠等の間、室内におけるシンク等の台所用品や洗面化粧台、浴槽等の衛生用品とその支持部材の間などの水シール処理を要する適宜な箇所に好ましく用いることができ、適用箇所に応じた適宜な止水構造を施工性よく容易に形成することができる。
【００４２】
【実施例】
実施例１
２０℃における５０％圧縮荷重が１．０kgf／cm²のＥＰＤＭ系フォームシートからなる厚さが１０mmの発泡体層の両面に、セパレータでカバーした厚さ０．３mmのアクリル系粘着層を設け、その一方のセパレータを剥がして露出したアクリル系粘着層の上に、平均分子量８万の変性ポリエチレングリコール（三洋化成社製、メルポールＦ２２０）１０重量部と平均分子量２００のポリプロピレングリコール（三洋化成社製、ＰＰ２００）２重量部を水２０重量部に混合した水溶液（２００ポイズ、測定条件：ＢＨ型粘度計、ローターＮｏ．７、回転数２０rpm、３０℃、以下同じ）を塗布し厚さ３０μmの易水溶層を形成して、シート状の止水材を得た。
【００４３】
実施例２
ポリプロピレングリコールの使用量を４重量部としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は１７０ポイズであった。
【００４４】
実施例３
ポリプロピレングリコールの使用量を６重量部としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は１６０ポイズであった。
【００４５】
実施例４
ポリプロピレングリコールの使用量を８重量部としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は１４０ポイズであった。
【００４６】
比較例１
ポリプロピレングリコールが無配合の易水溶層としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は２２０ポイズであった。
【００４７】
比較例２
ポリプロピレングリコールの使用量を１０重量部としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は１３０ポイズであった。
【００４８】
比較例３
ポリプロピレングリコールの使用量を１２重量部としたほかは実施例１に準じて止水材を得た。なお水溶液の粘度は１１０ポイズであった。
【００４９】
評価試験
溶解消失性
実施例、比較例に準じた易水溶層形成用の水溶液をセパレータ上に塗工し、１３０℃で５分間乾燥処理して厚さ３０μmの易水溶層を形成し、その３０mm角片を１５℃、１００ｇの水上に浮かべた場合に完全に溶解して易水溶層片が消失するまでの時間を調べた。
【００５０】
破断強度と破断伸び率
実施例、比較例１，２に準じた易水溶層形成用の水溶液を用いて前記の溶解消失性試験に準じ厚さ５０μmの易水溶層を形成し、それよりダンベル１号片を打ち抜いて引張り破断強度（引張り速度３００mm／分）と破断伸び（伸び／初期長さ）を調べた。なお比較例３で得た易水溶層には、タック（べたつき）感があって作業性に劣り、この特性をもって実用に適さないものであったため試験体より省いた。
【００５１】
４０％粘度
実施例、比較例に準じその水分量を制御して易水溶層形成用の４０重量％水溶液を調製し、その粘度を調べた（ロータＮｏ．４、２０ｒｐｍ、３０℃）。
【００５２】
水シール性
実施例、比較例１，２で得た止水材シートより、図７、図８の如く幅１０mmのＵ字体６を打ち抜き、それをアクリル樹脂板２０の間に配置してボルト・ナット２１を介し四角を締め付けてＵ字体が６０％、７０％、８０％又は９０％の圧縮率となる状態としたのち、図８の如くそのＵ字体６に水頭高さが５０mmとなるように注水３０して性能試験体を形成し、２４時間放置後の漏水状態を調べた。なお図中、符号の２２はスペーサである。
【００５３】
前記の結果を次表に示した。

【００５４】
表より、比較例１の易水溶層は、高強度で剛直であることがわかり、これは柔軟性不足で発生したシワ部より漏水した。また比較例２の易水溶層は、低強度で４０重量％粘度が最低値のものからなることがわかり、これは増粘効果に乏しくて漏水した。
【００５５】
なお実施例の止水材シートをベニヤ板の全面に接着した後、その上に外壁パネルを仮置きして位置修正を行う作業において、良好な接着作業性を示すと共に、外壁パネルの位置修正時の再分離性、その際の滑り性、位置修正の容易さのいずれにも良好な作業性を示し、止水効果を低下させる異常変形を生じなかった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】止水材例の断面図
【図２】他の止水材例の断面図
【図３】さらに他の止水材例の断面図
【図４】止水構造例の断面図
【図５】他の止水構造例の断面図
【図６】さらに他の止水構造例の断面図
【図７】水シール性能試験体の側面説明図
【図８】水シール性能試験の正面説明図
【符号の説明】
６：止水材
１：易水溶層２：発泡体層３、４：粘着層５：滑膜コート
７：下地材８：外壁材１０：ガスケット１１：基礎１２：土台
１３：フード[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water-stopping material that is excellent in mountability between members and sealing performance and is suitable for a water seal of a building and the like and a water-stopping structure thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there has been known a waterstop material obtained by attaching an adhesive layer to a foam. This is designed to be water-sealed by installing it between members for buildings, etc., and bonded to one member via an adhesive layer and compressing the foam with the other member to achieve water sealing. To do. However, although the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer side is in good contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the other side is in contact with the foam through the compression repulsion force, so that there is a problem that the water seal is insufficient. When the member is made of a rough surface, water leakage is particularly significant.
[0003]
In view of the above, there is also an attempt to make a waterstop material with adhesive layers on both sides of the foam, but when aligning the other member with respect to one member, the adhesive layer is When it is bonded to the other member and peeled off, the water-stopping material is peeled off from the other member, resulting in misalignment, or the water-stopping material is twisted in the alignment with the adhesive layer adhered, causing frequent work mistakes. It was easy and the water seal was inferior in reliability.
[0004]
It may be possible to align the other member with the separator temporarily attached to the adhesive layer, but in that case, it is necessary to remove the separator from the adhesive layer after setting the member. The water seal reliability is further lowered due to frequent twisting of the water-stopping material and misalignment due to peeling from the base material.
[0005]
[Technical Problem of the Invention]
It is an object of the present invention to develop a water-stop material and a water-stop structure that can be easily mounted between members without causing any misplacement such as twisting or misalignment, is excellent in workability, and has excellent reliability in water seal processing. .
[0006]
[Means for solving problems]
The present invention comprises at least a foam layer and an easily water-soluble layer, and the easily water-soluble layer comprises 10 to 95 parts by weight of a plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer, thickness 30 [mu] m, 15 ° C. as the dimension piece 30mm square, dissolved disappeared within 10 seconds when placed in water of 100 g, and the tensile strength at break Ri Do from those 25~65kgf / cm ^2, the plasticization of providing a water stopping structure characterized agent water stopping material which is characterized by Rukoto such than water soluble oligomer with an average molecular weight 150-4000, and that formed by the water-sealed disposed between it member Is.
[0007]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent adhesion with a member and generation of a large frictional force during mounting between members through an easily water-soluble layer, and the member can be easily arranged without misplacement such as twisting or misalignment of the water-stopping material. has excellent workability made aligned, readily water layer is adhered follow in its deformed when the foam layer is greatly deformed by external force such as bending, Ru can be prevented occurrence of bending wrinkles. On the other hand, if water enters, the easily water-soluble layer absorbs the water and quickly becomes thickened, and exhibits a water-stopping effect with good contact regardless of the smoothness or rough surface of the mating member. .
[0008]
In addition, the easily water-soluble layer is less likely to flow out between the members even if it absorbs water, and is positioned between the members to repeatedly dry and wet and maintain the water-stopping effect for a long time. As a result, it is possible to achieve a highly reliable water seal even with a method of press-fitting between existing members, and to easily form a water-sealing structure in which various members are water-sealed with high reliability. Can do.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The waterstop material of the present invention has at least a foam layer and an easily water-soluble layer, and the easily water-soluble layer is a water-soluble polymer blended with 10 to 95 parts by weight of a plasticizer per 100 parts by weight thereof. more with made, thickness of 30 [mu] m, 15 ° C. as the dimension piece 30mm square, dissolved disappeared within 10 seconds when placed in water of 100 g, and the tensile breaking strength is from those 25~65kgf / cm ^2, wherein The plasticizer comprises a water-soluble oligomer having an average molecular weight of 150 to 4000, and has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the surface portion or intermediate portion as necessary. Examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. 1 is an easily water-soluble layer, 2 is a foam layer, 3 and 4 are adhesive layers, and 5 is a synovial coat.
[0010]
In FIG. 1, the type having the easily water-soluble layer 1 directly on the foam layer 2 is illustrated, and in FIG. 2, the adhesive layer 3 is provided only on one side of the foam layer 2, and the synovial coat 5 is provided on the easily water-soluble layer 1. The type of having was illustrated. In FIG. 3, the type having the adhesive layers 3, 4, the easily water-soluble layer 1, and the synovial coat 5 on both surfaces of the foam layer 2 is illustrated. In the present invention, the easily water-soluble layer, the adhesive layer, and the synovial membrane coat may be provided on one or both sides of the foam layer, and the form thereof is appropriately determined according to the application place of the water-stopping material, the surface state of the member, and the like. The
[0011]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, in the case where the foam layer has adhesive layers on both sides, the adhesive layer covered with the easily water-soluble layer may be only on one side, or the adhesive layers on both sides may be covered with the easily water-soluble layer. It may be. These are preferably used when, for example, a water seal between members having a rough surface or an intermediate member such as a rubber sheet is used in combination.
[0012]
In the above case, in the former, a construction method or the like in which the other member is disposed after the water-stopping material is positioned and fixed by adhering to one member via an adhesive layer that does not have an easily water-soluble layer can be preferably applied. A construction method or the like that is press-fitted in a packed manner between members can be preferably applied. Of course, it is not limited to these construction methods.
[0013]
The water-stopping material of the present invention can be the same as the conventional one except that a predetermined easily water-soluble layer is disposed at a water-stop target location of the foam layer. Therefore, the foam layer may be formed as a single layer body, a superposed body of different foams, or a laminate of the foam layer on both surfaces of a core material such as a rubber sheet.
[0014]
By the way, by forming the foam layer as a superposed body with a soft foam provided on one or both sides of a hard foam, a hard foam while ensuring good deformation adhesion to the member via the soft foam It is possible to make it difficult to bend through the water and is effective in preventing the occurrence of bending wrinkles in the waterstop material.
[0015]
In the above, the foam layer preferable from the viewpoint of prevention of the occurrence of bending wrinkles, etc. includes a hard foam having a 50% compression load at room temperature of 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more, and a compression load of 0.5 kgf / cm ² or less. Superposed in combination with a soft foam. The superposed body of the foam may be integrated by an appropriate method such as an adhesive method using an adhesive or a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or a heat fusion method.
[0016]
There is no limitation in particular about the material which forms a foam, You may form with an appropriate material. By the way, as the material, polyolefin such as ethylene / propylene copolymer and ethylene / propylene / diene copolymer (EPDM), polyurethane and silicone polymer, acrylic polymer and butyl rubber polymer, SBR polymer and NR polymer, Examples thereof include NBR polymers and blended polymers thereof. In particular, EPDM foam can be preferably used from the viewpoint of water resistance and light weight.
[0017]
The thickness of the foam layer can be appropriately determined according to the application location of the water-stopping material, compressibility, and the like. In general, the thickness is 100 mm or less, especially 0.1 to 50 mm, especially 1 to 30 mm. The compressive strength of the foam layer can be appropriately determined according to the form depending on whether it is a single layer or a superposed body, the location where the waterstop material is applied, the compressibility required for the location, and the like. In general, it is 0.01 to 5 kgf / cm ² based on 50% compressive load at normal temperature, especially 0.05 to 4 kgf / cm ² , especially 0.1 to 3 kgf / cm ² .
[0018]
The compressive strength of the foam can be adjusted by its forming material, blending composition, foaming ratio, etc., and is generally 2-100 times, especially 3-50 times, especially 5-30 times. The The foam layer may have either a closed cell structure or an open cell structure, but a closed cell structure is preferred from the viewpoint of water sealing. In the case of an open-cell structure, it is necessary to compress and arrange in a water-blocking state.
[0019]
The easily water-soluble layer has a response speed that will quickly absorb and thicken the water when a water intrusion occurs, especially when there is the first water immersion, and a gentle compression of the foam layer. From the point of expression of the water-stopping effect at a compression rate of 75% or less, especially 65% or less, and the like, and comprising 10 to 95 parts by weight of a plasticizer in 100 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer, When it is placed as a 30 μm-thick 30 mm square piece on water at 15 ° C. and 100 g, it dissolves and disappears within 10 seconds and has a tensile breaking strength of 25 to 65 kgf / cm ² .
[0020]
When the response speed exceeds 10 seconds, the onset of the water-stopping effect is delayed, and there is a possibility that the water will penetrate the easily water-soluble layer, resulting in poor reliability of the water-stopping effect. The preferable water-soluble layer is preferable in terms of the reliability of the water-stopping effect and the like, and the dissolution disappearance is within 9 seconds, particularly 1 to 8 seconds, particularly 2 to 7 seconds. Further, when the tensile strength at break does not satisfy the above range, the water-stopping effect is poor in the mounting condition in which the compression rate of the foam layer is 75% or less. The preferred tensile strength at break of the easily water-soluble layer is 28 to 63 kgf / cm ² , especially 30 to 60 kgf / cm ^{2 from the} standpoint of its water-stopping effect.
[0021]
Therefore, the easily water-soluble layer can be formed with an appropriate water-soluble polymer exhibiting the above-mentioned dissolution / disappearance characteristics. In particular, from the viewpoint of durability, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and the like are preferably used, and particularly modified polyethylene glycol having a chemically stable ether bond in the main chain can be preferably used. In the case of polyvinyl alcohol, it is not necessary to have a high saponification degree, and those having a low saponification degree of about 50 to 70% can be used.
[0022]
The average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 60,000 or more from the standpoint of retaining the water-soluble layer at the water-stopped portion, that is, preventing the water-soluble layer from being fluidized by water absorption and flowing out of the water-stopped portion at an early stage. Among them, it is 70,000 to 190,000, especially 80,000 to 180,000. In addition, when the average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is less than 50,000, the above-mentioned retaining property is poor, and when it exceeds 200,000, the speed of the water-stopping effect is poor.
[0023]
As mentioned above, if the water-stopping material is folded between wrinkles, it is easy to cause water leakage between the parts. Since there is a possibility that the water will be submerged through the gap behind the development of the water-stopping effect, particularly the water-stopping effect at the time of the first submersion, a workaround is desired.
[0024]
In the present invention, there is a risk that wrinkles that cannot be restored due to bending or the like based on a difference in elasticity between the water-soluble layer and the foam layer may occur. A plasticizer is added to the layer. Softening or softening of the easily water-soluble layer by blending with a plasticizer enables the foam layer to closely adhere to the deformation even when it is greatly deformed by an external force such as bending, thereby preventing the occurrence of bending wrinkles. .
[0025]
The plasticizer mentioned above, even the is used for such a hydrophilic or lipophilic capable of softening the readily water film comprising a water-soluble polymer, the viewpoint of inhibitory anti-compatible and water absorption effect of the water-soluble polymer in a more present invention, for example the water-soluble polymer in those exemplified and hydroxyethyl cellulose, the average molecular weight ing from such as such as water-soluble sodium polyacrylate is water-soluble oligomer in 1 5 0 to 4000 is used The
[0026]
The average molecular weight of the oligomer that can be particularly preferably used is 200 to 3500 in view of the softening effect of the film made of a water-soluble polymer and the prevention of outflow from the film. In still less than 1 5 0 average molecular weight of the oligomer, likely to flow out from in the film when the film comprising a water-soluble polymer is water becomes poor softening performance of the coating consisting of more than 4000 when a water-soluble polymer.
[0027]
In the above, the use ratio of the oligomer is 10 per 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer in view of the degree of softening of the water-soluble film and the long-term durability of the water-stopping effect after the oligomer flows out of the water-soluble film. 95 parts by weight, especially 15 to 90 parts by weight, particularly 20 to 80 parts by weight.
[0028]
The thickness of the easily water-soluble layer can be appropriately determined according to the dissolution rate in water and the like, but is generally 500 μm or less, especially 5 to 200 μm, particularly 10 to 100 μm. The easy water-soluble layer can be attached on the foam layer or the adhesive layer by an appropriate method such as a film laminating method, a melt extrusion method on the foam layer, or a solution coating method. The easily water-soluble layer provided on the foam layer or the like can be liquefied by a solvent such as water, heat-melting, or the like, if necessary, so as to be in close contact with the lower layer. Such treatment is more effective than prevention of wrinkles.
[0029]
The easy water-soluble layer preferably has an elongation at break of 150 to 500% from the viewpoint of durability, water-stopping effect and sustainability, and its viscosity is 40 to 400 when a 40% by weight aqueous solution is used. What is a poise is preferable. The viscosity was measured using a BH viscometer, rotor No. 4. Based on measurement conditions at a rotation speed of 20 rpm and 30 ° C.
[0030]
If necessary, a synovial membrane coat 5 can be provided on the outer surface of the easily water-soluble layer as illustrated in FIGS. The purpose of the synovial membrane coating is to reduce the contact resistance between the easily water-soluble layer and the member to make it slippery and to improve workability. Therefore, in the case of a water-stopping material of a type in which a press-fitting construction is performed between existing members, as shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. What attached the layer 1 and the synovial membrane coat 5 is preferable.
[0031]
For the formation of the synovial membrane coat, for example, an appropriate release agent such as a long-chain alkyl group, a silicone group, or a fluorine group is used. In the case of a synovial film consisting of a release agent, when the adhesive surface is exposed on the opposite side of the foam layer, the film should be wound into a roll using the releasability of the synovial film or stacked. In order to facilitate rewinding and the like, it is possible to avoid the need to temporarily coat the exposed adhesive surface with a separator.
[0032]
The formation of the synovial film can be performed by an appropriate method such as a method of applying a forming material on the easily water-soluble layer, and the method of laminating on the adhesive layer as an easily water-soluble film provided with a synovial film coat. Can also form a water stop material. The thickness of the synovial membrane coat is generally 100 μm or less, and in particular, 1 to 50 μm, but may be appropriately determined within a range that does not inhibit the water solubility of the easily water-soluble layer.
[0033]
The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer disposed as necessary on the outer surface of the water-stopping material or between the foam layer and the easily water-soluble layer can be formed of an appropriate water-resistant adhesive material. Arrangement of the adhesive layer between the foam layer and the easily water-soluble layer is more reliable, even if the easily water-soluble layer is dissolved and removed, the adhesive layer is exposed and adheres to the member to exhibit a water stop effect. Water seal is achieved. The adhesive layer is effective for improving workability by imparting appropriate cushioning properties.
[0034]
For the formation of the adhesive layer, as described above, any of known water-resistant adhesives such as rubber, acrylic and silicone can be used, but butyl rubber adhesive can be used particularly preferably from the viewpoint of water-sealing properties. . The thickness of the adhesive layer can be appropriately determined according to the application location of the water-stopping material such as the surface roughness of the member, and is generally 5 mm or less, especially 0.1 to 3 mm, especially 0.2 to 2 mm. The When providing an adhesive layer on both surfaces of a foam layer, the kind of adhesive layer may differ in the front and back.
[0035]
The adhesive layer can be formed by an appropriate method such as a coating method, an extrusion method, or a calendar method. Further, it can be laminated on the foam layer by an appropriate method such as a direct molding method on the foam layer or an adhesive method of the sheet-like adhesive layer. In that case, you may form an adhesion layer using a double-sided adhesive sheet. The adhesive surface of the foam layer with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be subjected to appropriate adhesive strength improving treatment such as corona discharge treatment or flame exposure. In addition, appropriate additives, such as an anti-aging agent and a filler, can be blended in the foam layer, the easily water-soluble layer, the adhesive layer, and the like, if necessary.
[0036]
The waterstop material of the present invention can be used in an appropriate form such as a sheet intended to adhere to the entire surface of the application site, or a tape having a predetermined width intended to partially adhere to the application site. it can.
[0037]
In addition, the water-stopping material can be easily disposed between appropriate members to easily form a water-stopping structure with excellent water seal reliability. There is no limitation in particular about the member of the application object, For example, it can apply to the location which consists of appropriate members which require water seals, such as a building.
[0038]
Incidentally, the water stop structure formed by arranging the water stop material of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. In the water stop structure illustrated in FIG. 4, the water stop material 6 is arranged between the base material 7 and the outer wall material 8 in the joint portion 81 of the outer wall material 8. This is because the gasket 10 is attached to the joint 81 to perform the main sealing process, and in order to improve the reliability of the water seal, the water sealing material 6 is used to secondary seal between the base material 7 and the outer wall material 8. It is what.
[0039]
4 is a screw for fixing the base material 7 and the outer wall material 8, and the water-stopping material 6 is bonded to the base material 7 through the adhesive layer 4 so that the easily water-soluble layer 1 is attached. It is attached so as to be on the outer wall material 8 side.
[0040]
In the water stop structure illustrated in FIG. 5, the water stop material 6 is disposed between the base 11 and the base 12, and the water stop material 6 is bonded to the base 11 through the adhesive layer 4. The easily water-soluble layer 1 is attached so as to be in pressure contact with the base 12. On the other hand, in the water stop structure illustrated in FIG. 6, when the hood 13 is attached to the ventilation port 82 formed in the outer wall member 8 via a screw outside the figure, the water stop member 6 is attached to the peripheral portion 14 of the hood 13. Is bonded via the adhesive layer 4 and interposed between the wall material 8.
[0041]
As described above, the waterproofing material of the present invention is between the above-described building members or between the opening forming material at the opening such as a ventilation opening and the attachment member to the same, or between the roof plate and the roof tile (roof base material). ), Between sashes and doors and their frames, etc., and preferably used in appropriate places requiring water-sealing treatment such as kitchen utensils such as sinks in the room, bathroom vanities, and sanitary items such as bathtubs and their supporting members. It is possible to easily form an appropriate water stop structure according to the application location with good workability.
[0042]
【Example】
Example 1
An acrylic adhesive layer having a thickness of 0.3 mm covered with a separator is provided on both surfaces of a foam layer having a thickness of 10 mm made of an EPDM foam sheet having a 50% compression load at 20 ° C. of 1.0 kgf / cm ² . On the acrylic adhesive layer exposed by peeling off one of the separators, 10 parts by weight of modified polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 80,000 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., Melpol F220) and polypropylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 200 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., PP200) 2 parts by weight of water mixed with 20 parts by weight of water (200 poise, measurement conditions: BH type viscometer, rotor No. 7, rotation speed 20 rpm, 30 ° C., the same applies below) and 30 μm thick easily water-soluble A layer was formed to obtain a sheet-like waterstop material.
[0043]
Example 2
A waterstop material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of polypropylene glycol used was 4 parts by weight. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 170 poise.
[0044]
Example 3
A waterstop material was obtained according to Example 1 except that the amount of polypropylene glycol used was 6 parts by weight. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 160 poise.
[0045]
Example 4
A waterstop material was obtained according to Example 1 except that the amount of polypropylene glycol used was 8 parts by weight. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 140 poise.
[0046]
Comparative Example 1
A water-stop material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an easy water-soluble layer containing no polypropylene glycol was used. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 220 poise.
[0047]
Comparative Example 2
A waterstop material was obtained according to Example 1 except that the amount of polypropylene glycol used was 10 parts by weight. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 130 poise.
[0048]
Comparative Example 3
A waterstop material was obtained according to Example 1 except that the amount of polypropylene glycol used was 12 parts by weight. The viscosity of the aqueous solution was 110 poise.
[0049]
Evaluation test Dissolution-disappearance Examples and comparative examples were coated on a separator with an aqueous solution for forming a water-soluble layer and dried at 130 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a water-soluble layer having a thickness of 30 μm. When the square piece was floated on 100 g of water at 15 ° C., the time until it completely dissolved and the easily water-soluble layer piece disappeared was examined.
[0050]
Breaking strength and elongation at break Using an aqueous solution for forming an easily water-soluble layer according to Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, an easily water-soluble layer having a thickness of 50 μm was formed according to the dissolution dissolution test described above. The piece was punched out and examined for tensile strength at break (tensile speed 300 mm / min) and elongation at break (elongation / initial length). The easily water-soluble layer obtained in Comparative Example 3 had a tackiness (stickiness) and was inferior in workability, and was not suitable for practical use with this characteristic, so it was omitted from the specimen.
[0051]
40% Viscosity According to Examples and Comparative Examples, the amount of water was controlled to prepare a 40% by weight aqueous solution for forming an easily water-soluble layer, and the viscosity was examined (rotor No. 4, 20 rpm, 30 ° C.).
[0052]
From the water-stopping material sheets obtained in the water-sealable examples and comparative examples 1 and 2, a U-shaped body 6 having a width of 10 mm is punched out as shown in FIGS. After the square is tightened through the nut 21 to obtain a compression rate of 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%, the U-shaped body 6 has a head height of 50 mm as shown in FIG. Water injection 30 was performed to form a performance test body, and the water leakage state after being left for 24 hours was examined. In the figure, reference numeral 22 denotes a spacer.
[0053]
The results are shown in the following table.

[0054]
From the table, it was found that the easily water-soluble layer of Comparative Example 1 was high-strength and rigid, and this leaked from the wrinkle portion generated due to insufficient flexibility. Moreover, it turned out that the easily water-soluble layer of the comparative example 2 consists of a thing with the low intensity | strength and the 40 weight% viscosity of the minimum value, and this was lacking in the thickening effect and leaked water.
[0055]
In addition, after adhering the water-stopping material sheet of the example to the entire surface of the plywood plate, in the operation of temporarily placing the outer wall panel on it and correcting the position, it shows good adhesion workability and at the time of correcting the position of the outer wall panel The re-separation property, the slipping property at that time, and the ease of position correction showed good workability, and no abnormal deformation was caused to reduce the water stop effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Cross-sectional view of a water-stopping material example [Fig. 2] Cross-sectional view of another water-stopping material example [Fig. 3] Cross-sectional view of another water-stopping material example [Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another water-stopping structure example. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of still another water-stopping structure example. FIG. 7 is a side view of a water seal performance test body. Figure [Explanation of symbols]
6: Water-stopping material 1: Easily water-soluble layer 2: Foam layer 3, 4: Adhesive layer 5: Synovial film coating 7: Base material 8: Outer wall material 10: Gasket 11: Foundation 12: Base 13: Hood

Claims

It has at least a foam layer and an easily water-soluble layer, and the easily water-soluble layer is composed of a water-soluble polymer blended with 10 to 95 parts by weight of a plasticizer per 100 parts by weight, and has a thickness of 30 μm, 15 ℃ as the dimension piece 30mm square, dissolved disappeared within 10 seconds when placed in water of 100 g, and the tensile strength at break Ri Do from those 25~65kgf / cm ^2, wherein the plasticizing agent is average molecular weight water stopping material, wherein Rukoto such than water soluble oligomers 150-4000.

The waterstop material according to claim 1, wherein the easily water-soluble layer has a breaking elongation of 150 to 500%.

The water-stopping material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-soluble layer exhibits a viscosity of 40 to 400 poise when the easily water-soluble layer is a 40 wt% aqueous solution.

The water-stopping material according to claim 1, which has one or both of an adhesive layer and a synovial coat in addition to the foam layer and the easily water-soluble layer.

A water stop structure, wherein the water stop material according to claim 1 is disposed between members and subjected to a water seal process.

6. The waterstop structure according to claim 5, wherein the members are between the base material and the outer wall material in the joint portion of the outer wall material, between the foundation and the foundation, or between other building members.

The water stop structure according to claim 5, wherein a member is between a wall material and a hood at a ventilation port, or between an opening forming member at another opening and an attachment member to the opening member.

The water stop structure in which a water stop material is disposed between a base material and an outer wall member in a joint portion of the outer wall member according to claim 6, wherein a gasket is attached to the joint of the outer wall member. Construction.