JP3875962B2 - Revetment or retaining wall using artificial granular material and porous concrete block - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a revetment or retaining wall using an artificial granular material and a porous concrete block .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an artificial aggregate using construction waste is known from Patent Document 1. The conventional example shown in this patent document 1 is sludge, crushed stone powder generated when washing waste sludge that is construction waste, clay soil, mud soil such as a mixture of soil and cement or bentonite, or a mixer truck of ready-mixed concrete. Cement is mixed and granulated by mixing mud with water and water to form an artificial aggregate for construction, and this artificial aggregate is used for construction aggregate instead of natural aggregate such as sand and gravel. I am trying to use it.
[0003]
However, in the above-described conventional example, the raw materials of the artificial aggregate are all construction waste materials, and there is no fertilizer component in the manufactured artificial aggregate. Even if it can be used as an aggregate for construction, it cannot be used as a granular material for growing plants, and there is a problem that the range of use is limited.
[0004]
Further, conventionally, plants are grown by mixing fertilizer with soil, and the fertilizer mixed with soil is easily flown by rainwater or running water, and there is a problem that the effect of fertilizer cannot be exhibited over a long period of time.
[0005]
Conventionally, when a revetment or retaining wall is formed, a concrete block is laid to form the main body of the revetment or retaining wall. However, when the conventional concrete block is exposed, there is a problem that the appearance is poor. Therefore, a soil layer is formed on the upper surface of the concrete block layer, and a plant is planted in the soil layer to green the revetment and retaining wall. However, the growth of plant roots is promoted by the concrete block layer. There is a problem that growth is hindered and bad growth, especially in the case of revetment, because the root growth of plants is bad, the integration of the concrete block layer and the soil layer is weak, and the soil layer is easily washed away by running water Furthermore, there is a problem that even if fertilizer is applied to the soil layer, it is washed away by rain water or running water, and the fertilizing effect cannot be exhibited over a long period of time.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-178051 A [0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and effectively uses plants by effectively utilizing sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited at the bottom of a river or lake, coal ash generated at a power plant, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a revetment or retaining wall using an artificial granular material and a porous concrete block that can be grown.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the revetment or retaining wall using the artificial granular material and the porous concrete block according to the present invention is sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited at the bottom of a river or lake, and coal ash. Then, a coarse artificial granule 1a having a particle diameter of 10 mm or more cured with cement was used as an aggregate, and a porous concrete block 2 obtained by solidifying the aggregate, cement, and water was laid. Granules with porous concrete block layer 3, sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited on the bottom of rivers and lakes, and coal ash and artificial granules 1b with a particle size of less than 10 mm, with cement hardened The layer 4 is laminated and the voids of the porous concrete block layer 3 are filled with the artificial granular material 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm.
[0009]
By adopting such a configuration, not only can the main part of the revetment or retaining wall be formed by the porous concrete block layer 3 in which the porous concrete block 2 is laid, but also by planting plants, not only the granular material layer 4 but also the porous layer The concrete block layer 3 also has plant roots, and the granular material layer 4 and the porous concrete block layer 3 are integrated so that the granular material layer 4 does not flow due to running water. and fertilizer component contained artificial granules 1a, in 1b in the block layer 3, and minerals exudes gradually over a long period of time is supplied to the plant roots, but to improve the growth of plants in seawall or retaining wall is there.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
The sludge used in the present invention is sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited on the bottom of a river or lake, and contains a large amount of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash and organic matter. Coal ash is generated when coal is burned at a power plant or the like, and coal ash contains a large amount of inorganic minerals such as silica, alumina, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide.
[0012]
The sludge generated at these sewage treatment plants, the sludge deposited at the bottom of rivers and lakes, and the coal ash generated at power plants, etc., are usually disposed of by disposal, but the sludge and coal ash are discarded. Is one of the causes of environmental destruction, strict regulations are imposed on dumping, and the cost of disposal is high, and it is currently difficult to dispose of these sludge and coal ash. In the present invention, these sludges or sludge deposited on the bottom of rivers and lakes, and the artificial granule 1 having a novel plant-growing ability that has not been conventionally used by effectively using coal ash generated in a power plant or the like The present invention is characterized in that a revetment or a retaining wall is formed by using a porous concrete block 2 made of the artificial granular material 1 as an aggregate .
[0013]
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the artificial granular material 1 will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. In this case, the sludge generated at the sewage treatment plant or the sludge deposited on the bottom of rivers and lakes, coal ash, cement, and water are mixed and cured to form the block-like intermediate product 5, For solidification, cement alone is not enough, so as an auxiliary material, dispersing agents such as lignin sulfonate and polycarboxylate, and early strength materials such as carbon dioxide and chloride are added. When the pH of the solution is low, add sodium hydroxide, mix and knead these ingredients well, put them in a mold of any size and shape, and with a large load (for example, 50 to 500 kg / cm ² ) After pressing and compacting, curing at a temperature 10 to 20 ° C. higher than normal temperature, by removing the mold, the block-shaped intermediate product 5 is formed, and then the block-shaped intermediate product 5 is crushed and granulated. The artificial of the present invention It is to produce Jo object 1. Here, the amount of cement mixed with sludge + coal ash is 2 to 15% by weight, the dispersing agent is 0.5 to 3% by weight of the cement amount, and the early strength material is 1 to 5% by weight of the cement amount. To do.
[0014]
The artificial particulate material 1 thus obtained is sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant containing fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, organic matter, or sludge deposited on the bottom of rivers and lakes, silica, alumina, and oxidation. Since it is a granular material in which coal ash containing inorganic minerals such as iron, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and the like is integrally combined with cement as a binder, it contains a large amount of fertilizer and minerals important for plant growth. For this reason, the artificial granular material of the present invention is optimal as a culture soil for plants, and can be used as culture soil for agriculture and horticulture. Moreover, if it uses as embankments, such as a retaining wall and a revetment, it can grow a plant well on a retaining wall and a revetment. In particular, since the artificial granular material 1 of the present invention is a granular material integrally bonded with cement as a binder, the fertilizer and minerals contained in the artificial granular material 1 do not flow out at a time due to rainwater or running water, It gradually exudes over a long period of time, and therefore, fertilizer and minerals can be supplied to the plant for a long period of time, and the plant can be stably grown for a long period of time.
[0015]
Further, the artificial granules 1 produced as described above are classified by sieving, and coarse particles having a particle size of 10 mm or more are collected. The coarse artificial granules 1 having a particle size of 10 mm or more, cement, water The porous concrete block 2 may be manufactured by kneading and solidifying into a block shape. The porous concrete block 2 produced in this way is composed of coarse artificial particles 1 having a particle size of 10 mm or more, which are aggregates, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, a gap S is generated between coarse artificial granules 1 having a diameter of 10 mm or more to form a porous concrete block 2. The shape and size of the porous concrete block 2 formed in this way are not particularly limited, but as an example, it is about 20 cm in length and width and about 10 cm in height. Of course, it may be larger or smaller than this.
[0016]
The porous concrete block 2 as described above can be used as a block for constituting a main body such as a revetment and a retaining wall in the same manner as a concrete block used in ordinary civil engineering. And, a granular material in which a soil layer is laminated on a porous concrete block layer 3 formed by laying a porous concrete block 2 for constituting a main body such as a revetment or a retaining wall, or an artificial granular material 1b described later is laid. When layer 4 is laminated to grow a plant on the revetment or retaining wall, the root of the plant penetrates into the gap between the porous concrete block 2 and the gap between the porous concrete block 2 and the porous concrete block 2. The plant can be grown while gradually supplying the fertilizer and minerals contained in the coarse artificial granule 1a over a long period of time to the roots of the plants that have invaded the voids. Is. Therefore, in the conventional concrete block, it was only an obstacle for the growth of the plant, but in the porous concrete block of the present invention, the plant can be favorably grown.
[0017]
Next, an example of a revetment or retaining wall formed by laminating a porous concrete block layer 3 laid with the porous concrete block 2 of the present invention and a granular material layer 4 laid with an artificial granular material 1b is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
As described above, sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited on the bottom of a river or lake, coal ash, and cement are mixed and cured to form a block-shaped intermediate product 5, and this block-shaped intermediate product 5 Is crushed and granulated to obtain an artificial granule 1. The thus obtained artificial granule 1 is sieved and classified into coarse artificial granule 1a having a particle size of 10 mm or more and artificial granule 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm. And the porous concrete block 2 is manufactured as mentioned above using the coarse artificial granule 1a with a particle size of 10 mm or more. The porous concrete block 2 thus obtained is laid to form a porous concrete block layer 3, and the porous concrete block layer 3 has an artificial granule 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm obtained as described above. The revetment or retaining wall is formed by laminating the granular material layer 4 laying.
[0019]
Here, the granular material layer 4 may be provided above and below the porous concrete block layer 3 as an upper layer covering material and a lower layer covering material as shown in FIG. 4, or the granular material layer 4 may be provided as a porous concrete block as shown in FIG. The upper layer covering material may be provided on the layer 3, or the granular material layer 4 may be provided between the porous concrete block layers 3 as shown in FIG. In addition, when laminated as described above, the artificial granular material 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm is filled in the voids that are porous of the porous concrete block 2 or the voids between the porous concrete block 2 and the porous concrete block 2. May be.
[0020]
Furthermore, the granular material layer 4 may be formed by mixing natural soil with the artificial granular material 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm as necessary.
[0021]
By the way, when the method which obtains the artificial granule 1 by crushing and granulating the block-shaped intermediate product 5 is employed, it can be manufactured only by crushing the block-shaped intermediate product 5 as compared with the case of granulating with a granulator. Therefore, the production is easy and the production cost can be reduced. On the other hand, the particles to be pulverized are not uniform in size as those granulated by a granulator, and the particle size of the artificial granule 1 is large and small and difficult to use. There is a problem that a large amount of particles with other particle sizes remain when a particle with a particle size in a certain range is used. By forming this revetment or retaining wall as described above, the particle size is 10 mm or more. The porous concrete block 2 is manufactured from the artificial granular material 1a, and the porous concrete layer 3 is formed therefrom. Then, the granular material layer 4 is formed using the artificial granular material 1b having a particle size of less than 10 mm, thereby forming a block shape. Intermediate product 5 All artificial granules 1 of different particle size obtained by grinding in which can be effectively used.
[0022]
The revetment or retaining wall formed as described above is intended to restore the natural environment by planting and planting a plant. The plant not only roots the granular material layer 4, but the root of the plant is The porous concrete block layer 3 penetrates into the porous voids of the porous concrete block 2 itself and the voids between the porous concrete blocks 2 and stretches the roots. As a result, the granular material layer 4 and the porous concrete block layer 3 are integrated into flowing water, etc. Thus, the granular material layer 4 can be prevented from flowing. Moreover, the fertilizer content and mineral content contained in the artificial granular materials 1a and 1b in the granular material layer 4 and the porous concrete block layer 3 are gradually exuded over a long period of time and supplied to the roots of the plant. Plants can be grown stably over a long period of time.
[0023]
In the present invention, the sludge generated at the sewage treatment plant or the sludge deposited on the bottom of a river or lake, and the artificial granule 1 which is a granulated product obtained by hardening coal ash and cement, Explained in the example in which the sludge generated at the bottom of the river or lake, coal ash, and cement are mixed and hardened to form a block-like intermediate product, which is then crushed and granulated However, by mixing the sludge generated at the sewage treatment plant or the sludge deposited at the bottom of rivers and lakes with coal ash and cement into raw materials, this is granulated with a granulator. The granular material 1 may be manufactured.
[0024]
The porous concrete block 2 of the present invention may be reinforced with other materials. In this case, a large number of porous concrete blocks 2 are bonded to a synthetic fiber sheet, or the porous concrete block 2 is fitted to a lattice frame. And may be reinforced.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention , the revetment or retaining wall is a sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or a sludge deposited on the bottom of a river or a lake, coal ash, and cement, and a particle size of 10 mm or more. Porous concrete block layer laid with porous concrete blocks obtained by kneading and solidifying the aggregate, cement, and water, and sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant Or, laminating sludge accumulated on the bottom of rivers and lakes, coal ash, and a granular material layer with artificial granular material with a particle size of less than 10 mm, which is hardened by cement, and in the voids of the porous concrete block layer Since the particle size is filled with an artificial granule having a particle size of less than 10 mm, the main part of the revetment or retaining wall can be formed by the porous concrete block layer in which the porous concrete block is laid. Of course, by planting the plant, the roots of the plant are stretched not only in the granular material layer but also in the porous concrete block layer, and the granular material layer and the porous concrete block layer are integrated so that the granular material layer does not flow due to running water or the like. In addition, the fertilizer and minerals contained in the artificial granule in the granular material layer and porous concrete block layer do not flow out at a time due to rain or running water, and gradually exude over a long period of time. It can stably supply fertilizer and minerals to plants, can exert a fertilizing effect over a long period of time, improve the growth of plants on the revetment or retaining wall, and sludge generated at the sewage treatment plant or Artificial granule with large particle size, which can effectively reuse sludge deposited on the bottom of rivers and lakes and coal ash, which is beneficial in terms of resource saving and environment. Since the particle size small artificial granules available both effectively, it's also can be used without waste artificial granules.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing the production of artificial granules used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing a case where an artificial granule and porous concrete block are manufactured and a revetment or retaining wall is formed by the porous concrete block and artificial granule.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of the porous concrete block same as above.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a layer structure of the revetment or retaining wall.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the layer structure of the revetment or retaining wall.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of the layer structure of the revetment or retaining wall.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Artificial granular material 1a Artificial granular material 1b Artificial granular material 2 Porous concrete block 3 Porous concrete block layer 4 Granular material layer

Claims (1)

Sludge generated at a sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited on the bottom of a river or lake, coal ash, and coarse artificial granules with a particle size of 10 mm or more, which are hardened by cement, are aggregates, Porous concrete block layer laid with porous concrete block obtained by kneading and solidifying cement, sludge generated at sewage treatment plant or sludge deposited at the bottom of river or lake, coal ash, cement And a layer of a granular material layered with an artificial granular material having a particle size of less than 10 mm, and filling the voids of the porous concrete block layer with the artificial granular material having a particle size of less than 10 mm. Revetment or retaining wall using the characteristic artificial granule and porous concrete block.

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