JP3877800B2 - Propagation method of aseptic sweet potato seedlings - Google Patents
Propagation method of aseptic sweet potato seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- JP3877800B2 JP3877800B2 JP10975996A JP10975996A JP3877800B2 JP 3877800 B2 JP3877800 B2 JP 3877800B2 JP 10975996 A JP10975996 A JP 10975996A JP 10975996 A JP10975996 A JP 10975996A JP 3877800 B2 JP3877800 B2 JP 3877800B2
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Landscapes
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、無菌サツマイモ苗の増殖方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、組織培養法によって実質的に無菌的にサツマイモの小植物体を培養して増殖する方法に関する。この方法によって得られた無菌サツマイモ苗は、培養苗として利用することができる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
サツマイモは、食糧(カロリー源)、食料(野菜)、加工原料(デンプン、糖、アルコール飲料など)、アルコール燃料用原料などとして利用される多用途植物である。しかも、寒冷地から熱帯地までの地域的な制約がなく、傾斜地、砂地、イネの栽培に適さない土壌での栽培が可能で、古来より飢餓作物、救荒作物と呼ばれているように、干害、高温、強風(台風)などの気象災害、および酸性土壌耐性が比較的高いという特色をもつ。このため、将来生起すると予想される食糧、エネルギー・資源および環境の三大問題を同時並行的に解決するのに重要な役割を演じる植物であると評価されている。
【0003】
このように、将来重要な役割を演じると目されるサツマイモを増産するには、現在のところ、さし穂苗、組織培養(マイクロプロパゲーション)による苗(以下、培養苗ともいう)、タネイモからの萌芽苗などによる方法が実用化されている。しかし、将来は栽培土壌の整備、栽培規模の拡大、自動移植機による苗の移植などの栽培技術の進歩により、苗の需要が大幅に拡大することが予想される。大幅に拡大した苗の需要に応えるには、従来のさし穂苗、タネイモからの萌芽苗によっては対応しきれない。そこで、培養苗が注目されることになる。
【0004】
組織培養による苗(培養苗)は、組織培養器内で植物細胞、組織ないし小植物体を培養して得た苗であり、遺伝的により優れた品質の植物苗を提供できるので、世界的に普及しつつある。しかし、培養苗は従来の実生苗、さし穂苗、タネイモからの萌芽苗に比較して、コストが高いという欠点があり、現在までのところ、その普及は、主に、ラン、イチゴ、カーネーション、観葉植物など、一部の高級施設園芸植物に限られている。
【0005】
培養苗のコストが高くなる第一の理由は、その生産方法が多分に手工業的であり、生産コストの65〜70%を人件費が占めることによる。その第二の理由は、組織培養期間中における植物細胞、組織ないし小植物体の成長が遅いことにあり、第三の理由は、それによって得られる培養苗のうち、実際に商品価値がありその後の馴化過程において、良好に活着ないし生育するものの歩留りが低いことにある。
【0006】
一方、従来、組織培養中の小植物体は光合成能力をかなり失い、組織培養中の小植物体を一貫して独立栄養生長させ、それによって培養苗を生産するようなことは実用的に不可能と考えられていた。このような固定観念が定着した原因は、植物の組織培養の技術が、本質的に従属栄養生長である微生物や動物の細胞ないし組織の培養技術に準拠して発達したものであることを挙げることができる。
【0007】
従来、植物の組織培養技術においては、小植物体を生長させるには培地中に糖(ショ糖、グルコース、フラクトースなど)を炭素源として加え、従属栄養的生長の側面の強い混合栄養生長させるのが一般的な常識となっていた。このような従来技術において、その生産性を高め、生産コストを低減するための研究の方向は、いずれも従属栄養的な生長・増殖を極限まで効率化し、かつ、省力化する方向において推進されてきた。
【0008】
例えば、糖を含む液体培地中に小植物体を浸漬して、さらにその培養器内に酸素を供給し、培養器を震とうまたは回転させるなどして、糖および酸素などの小植物体への吸収を高める方法などは、上記のような方向の研究開発の典型的な手法として挙げることができる。
【0009】
そして、上記のような従来法においては、その培地中に多量の糖類を添加するため、培地は培養期間中に外部からの雑菌による汚染を受け易く、このため培養期間中に外部からの雑菌汚染により、培養中の小植物体が腐死するというトラブルが発生するので、これを防止するために培養器や、多数の培養器を収納する培養室などの培養環境を、実質的に無菌状態に維持するよう厳重な取扱を必要としていた。
【0010】
しかも、このような培養器で、従属栄養的な生長・増殖を主体として生産された培養苗を、試験管、フラスコまたはビーカに移植し、独立栄養生長条件での馴化過程に移行させるには、培養苗に環境の激変を与えることになり、馴化過程における活着率の低下や、生育の遅れの一因になるものと考えられる。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者はかかる状況にあり、上記のような固定観念にとらわれることなく、サツマイモの培養苗を能率的に提供すべく鋭意検討した結果、本発明を完成するに至った。本発明は、次の諸課題を解決することを目的とする。
1.遺伝的に優れた品質の無菌サツマイモ苗を能率的に提供すること。
2.培養期間中に雑菌による汚染の少ない無菌サツマイモ苗の増殖方法を提供すること。
3.環境の激変を与えることなく馴化過程に移行でき、馴化過程における活着率が良好で、その後の生育も良好な無菌サツマイモ苗を提供すること。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解消するために、本発明では、組織培養法によってサツマイモの小植物体を培養して無菌サツマイモ苗を増殖する方法において、無菌化したロックウールまたはバーミキュライトを支持体とし、この支持体に液体成分を支持させた無糖培地を使用し、無菌状態で増殖することを特徴とする無菌サツマイモ苗の増殖方法を提供する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
従来の培養苗の増殖方法においては、前記した通り、培地内に多量の糖を添加しているために、雑菌による汚染が生起し易く、これを防止するために培養器の栓の部分を半密閉状態にするのが通常である。そして、このような半密閉状態にすることによって、当然のことながら、外部から炭酸ガスを含有した空気の供給が抑制されることを意味し、培養器内の光合成が不可能な状態が一層強化される。その結果、従来の培養苗の増殖方法においては、実質的に独立栄養生長による培養は不可能である。
【0014】
これに対して、本発明方法では、組織培養法によってサツマイモの小植物体を培養して無菌サツマイモ苗を増殖する方法において、液体成分を支持させた無糖培地を使用し、無菌状態で培養することを必須とし、一貫して完全な独立栄養生長条件下で組織培養を行うものである。
なお、本発明においてサツマイモの小植物体とは、サツマイモの細胞組織を培養して得られた、葉を有する節(node)、および、この植物体の茎部について、複数の節を節単位で切断し、液体成分を支持させた無糖培地を使用して、これに節挿し増殖培養させることにより、茎部が伸び、発根し、複数の節および葉が生じたものを言う。
【0015】
液体成分を支持させる培地としては、無菌状態としたロックウールまたはバーミキュライトが好ましい。これら培地を無菌状態にするには、培地として使用するロックウールまたはバーミキュライトを加圧滅菌する。これらの無菌状態の培地を使用することにより、成長速度を従来の寒天を培地として使用した光混合栄養培養の場合に比較し、1.5〜2倍程度に向上させることができる。
【0016】
上記培地に含ませる液体成分は、糖分を含まないもの(無糖)であることを必須とする。無糖培地を使用することにより、小植物体は、従属栄養的生長ではなく、一貫して完全な独立栄養生長条件下で組織培養を行うことができる。液体成分は無糖であれば特に制限がなく、従来から知られている基本培地、例えばホーグランド・アノン、ムラシゲ・スグーク、ホワイト、リンスマイヤー・スグーク、ニッチ・ニッチなどが挙げられる。
【0017】
培養器は、従来の従属栄養的生長の生長・増殖に使用されていた試験管、三角フラスコなどに代えて、滅菌されたセル成形苗箱を使用するのが好適である。培養する際の環境は、セル成形苗箱を個別に調節してもよいが、多数のセル成形苗箱を大型の培養室に収容して一挙に調節するのが能率的で好ましい。
【0018】
本発明方法では、サツマイモの小植物体を培養して増殖する期間中、培養器および/または培養室には炭酸ガスを施用するものとし、炭酸ガス濃度を400〜3000μmol/molに保持するのが好ましい。培養器および/または培養室内の炭酸ガス濃度が400μmol/mol未満では、小植物体の光合成が必ずしも十分ではなく、3000μmol/mol以上では小植物体に障害が生ずることがあり、いずれも好ましくない。このように培養器および/または培養室内に炭酸ガスを施用することにより、独立栄養生長を促進することができ、培養苗を培養器外に移植したり実栽培土壌に移植して、独立栄養生長条件にさらしても、環境の激変がないので、馴化過程における活着率が良好で、その後の生育も良好な培養苗を得ることができる。
【0019】
本発明方法でサツマイモの小植物体を増殖培養する際には、セル成形苗箱を増殖培養室に多数配置し、例えば温度、光の種類、光の強度、光照射方向、明期・暗期の周期、相対湿度などの増殖培養環境を同一条件として、培養する。増殖培養に適する最適条件は、適宜、実験によって確認することにより選ぶことができる。
【0020】
本発明方法では、サツマイモの小植物体をセル成形苗箱(トレイ)を使用し、当初から一貫して独立栄養生長させるので、培地の調製が容易で、増殖培養工程の省力化が達成される。また、増殖培養して得た小植物体は、実栽培土壌に移植する際に環境の激変を与えないで馴化過程に移行でき、馴化過程における活着率が向上し、その後の生育も良好となる。このように、本発明方法は多量の無菌サツマイモ苗を得るのに極めて好適である。
【0021】
本発明方法では、サツマイモの小植物体をセル成形苗箱を使用して同一条件下で増殖培養させることができるので、各セル成形苗箱で生育させた無菌サツマイモ苗は、茎部の径・長さ、発根状態、葉数をほぼ均一とすることができる。従って、本発明方法で得られた無菌サツマイモ苗は、実栽培土壌に移植する際に自動移植機による移植が容易になり、大規模栽培にサツマイモを収穫する目的の苗として利用され、実栽培土壌に移植・育成される。
【0022】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基いて詳細に説明するが、本発明はその趣旨を超えない限り、以下に記載の例に限定されるものではない。
【0023】
[実施例1]
口径16mm、深さ25mmのセルに、無菌化したロックウールを詰めたポリカーボネート製のセル成形苗箱(トレイ)(みのる産業社製)35個を、縦190mm、横145mm、高さ81mmの透明なポリスチレン製の培養器(Baumgartner Papiers SA社製)内に設置した。各々のセルトレイに、糖類を含まないホーグランド・アノンの液体培地を、培養器当たり180ミリリットル宛支持させて培地とした。
【0024】
従来法にしたがって、光混合栄養培養したサツマイモ(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.品種:ベニアズマ)を、葉1枚を含む単節に切り分け、各セルトレイの上記培地上にその単節を置床し、上記培養器に通気性フィルタを設け、培養試験開始から7日目までは通気性フィルタを透明フィルムで覆い、8日目以降は透明フィルムを取り培養器内を気体が通るようにして、合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。増殖培養させる際の環境条件は、明期の温度を24〜28±1℃、暗期の温度を20±1℃、明期の相対湿度を60〜80%、暗期の相対湿度を80〜90%、白色蛍光ランプの照射強度を100μmol/m2/sec、照射時間を16時間/日、炭酸ガス濃度を1000〜1100μmol/mol(以下、「高濃度」と言う)とした。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度(以下、「クロロフィル濃度」と言う)を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0025】
[実施例2]
実施例1に記載の例において、無菌化したロックウールに代えて無菌化したバーミキュライトを使用した他は、同例におけると同様の手順で合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度などを、常法に従って測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0026】
[比較例1]
実施例1に記載の例において、無菌化したロックウールに代えて糖類を含まない寒天を使用した他は、同例におけると同様の手順で合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0027】
[実施例3]
実施例1に記載の例において、白色蛍光ランプの照射強度を170μmol/m2/secと変更した他は、同例におけると同様の手順で合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0028】
[実施例4]
実施例2に記載の例において、白色蛍光ランプの照射強度を170μmol/m2/secと変更した他は、同例におけると同様の手順で合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0029】
[比較例2]
実施例3に記載の例において、無菌化したロックウールに代えて糖類を含まない寒天を使用した他は、同例におけると同様の手順で合計28日間光独立栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。
培養28日後に、小植物体の生体重、乾物重、乾物率、葉数および葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0030】
[比較例3]
比較例1に記載の例において、通気性フィルタのない培養器を用い、液体成分としてショ糖を20g/l含有するムラシゲ・スグークを使用し、白色蛍光ランプの照射強度を50μmol/m2/secとし、培養試験開始から合計28日間光混合栄養培養で、増殖培養させた。培養器の炭酸ガス濃度は、350〜500μmol/mol(以下、「低濃度」と言う)とした。
培養28日後に、小植物体の乾物重、生体重、乾物率、葉面積および葉部乾物重当たりのクロロフィル濃度を測定した。その結果を表−1に示す。
【0031】
【表1】
【0032】
表−1より、次のことが明らかである。
(1) 全乾物重について見ると、光独立栄養培養区(実施例1〜実施例4)の値が光混合栄養培養区(比較例3)の値の1.4(実施例1)〜2.1倍(実施例3)である。
(2) 全生体重について見ると、光独立栄養培養区(実施例1〜実施例4)の値が光混合栄養培養区(比較例3)の値の1.3(実施例1)〜1.9倍(実施例3)である。
(3) 乾物率について見ると、光独立栄養培養区(実施例1〜実施例4)と光混合栄養培養区(比較例3)とでは有意差がある。
【0033】
(4) 葉面積について見ると、光独立栄養培養区(実施例1〜実施例4)の値が光混合栄養培養区(比較例3)の値の1.6(実施例1)〜2.4倍(実施例3)である。培地として寒天を用いた区(比較例1と比較例2)では、他の試験区に比べて葉色が薄く、葉部に養分欠乏と思われる症状が認められた。
(5) 液体成分を支持する媒体として、ロックウールまたはバーミキュライトを使用した試験区は、乾物重、生体重、乾物率および葉面積は、寒天を支持体として使用した試験区のものと同等であることから、ロックウールまたはバーミキュライトを支持体として使用することができる。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、次のような特別に有利な効果を奏し、その産業上の利用価値は極めて大である。
1.本発明方法では、無菌状態の培地を使用することにより、遺伝的に優れた品質の無菌サツマイモ苗を、従来の培養法に比し1.5〜2倍程度の成長速度で、能率的に得ることができる。
2.本発明方法では、支持体に液体成分を支持させた無糖培地を使用するので、培養期間中に雑菌による汚染の極めて少ない無菌サツマイモ苗を得ることができる。
3.本発明方法では、当初から一貫して独立栄養生長させるので、培地の調製が容易で、増殖培養工程の省力化が可能である。また、増殖培養して得た無菌サツマイモ苗は、実栽培土壌に移植する際に環境の激変を与えないで馴化過程に移行でき、馴化過程における活着率が向上し、その後の生育も良好となる。
4.本発明方法で得られた無菌サツマイモ苗は、実栽培土壌に移植する際に自動移植機による移植が容易になり、大規模栽培にサツマイモを収穫する目的の苗として好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for growing sterile sweet potato seedlings. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating and growing sweet potato plantlets in a substantially aseptic manner by a tissue culture method. Sterile sweet potato seedlings obtained by this method can be used as cultured seedlings.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Sweet potatoes are versatile plants that are used as food (calorie source), food (vegetables), processed raw materials (starch, sugar, alcoholic beverages, etc.), and alcohol fuel materials. Moreover, there are no regional restrictions from cold regions to tropical regions, and it is possible to grow on sloped land, sandy land, and soil that is not suitable for rice cultivation, and since ancient times it has been called hungry crops and rescue crops, drought damage It has features such as weather disasters such as high temperature, strong wind (typhoon), and relatively high resistance to acidic soil. For this reason, it is evaluated as a plant that plays an important role in simultaneously solving the three major problems of food, energy / resources and environment that are expected to occur in the future.
[0003]
Thus, in order to increase the production of sweet potatoes, which are expected to play an important role in the future, at present, from seedlings of seedlings, tissue culture (micropropagation) seedlings (hereinafter referred to as cultured seedlings), and tanimo A method using budding seedlings has been put into practical use. However, the demand for seedlings is expected to increase significantly in the future due to the development of cultivation soil, the expansion of cultivation scale, and the advancement of cultivation techniques such as transplanting seedlings using an automatic transplanter. To meet the greatly expanded demand for seedlings, conventional seedling seedlings and sprout seedlings from Taneimo cannot be met. Therefore, cultured seedlings will attract attention.
[0004]
Seedlings (cultured seedlings) by tissue culture are seedlings obtained by culturing plant cells, tissues or plantlets in a tissue culture vessel, and can provide genetically superior plant seedlings worldwide. It is becoming popular. However, cultured seedlings have the disadvantage of higher costs compared to conventional seedlings, seedlings, and seedlings from Taneimo. So far, their spread has mainly been orchids, strawberries, and carnations. Limited to some upscale horticultural plants, such as foliage plants.
[0005]
The first reason that the cost of cultured seedlings is high is that the production method is probably hand-crafted, and the labor cost accounts for 65 to 70% of the production cost. The second reason is that the growth of plant cells, tissues or plantlets during the tissue culture period is slow, and the third reason is that among the cultured seedlings obtained thereby, there is actually commercial value and then In the acclimatization process, the yield of those that are well established or grown is low.
[0006]
On the other hand, it has been practically impossible for plantlets in tissue culture to lose their photosynthetic ability considerably and to continuously produce autotrophic growth of plantlets in tissue culture, thereby producing cultured seedlings. It was thought. The reason why such stereotypes have become established is that plant tissue culture technology has been developed in accordance with the culture technology of microorganisms and animal cells or tissues that are essentially heterotrophic growth. Can do.
[0007]
Conventionally, in plant tissue culture technology, to grow small plants, sugar (sucrose, glucose, fructose, etc.) is added to the medium as a carbon source to grow mixed nutrients with a strong aspect of heterotrophic growth. Became common sense. In these conventional technologies, the research direction for improving the productivity and reducing the production cost has been promoted in the direction of making the heterotrophic growth and multiplication as efficient as possible and saving labor. It was.
[0008]
For example, by immersing a plantlet in a liquid medium containing sugar, supplying oxygen into the incubator, shaking or rotating the incubator, etc., to the plantlet such as sugar and oxygen A method of increasing absorption can be cited as a typical method of research and development in the above-mentioned direction.
[0009]
In the conventional method as described above, since a large amount of saccharide is added to the medium, the medium is easily contaminated by external germs during the culture period. As a result, there is a problem that the plantlets in culture are rotted. To prevent this, the culture environment such as the incubator and the culture room containing a large number of incubators should be made substantially sterile. Strict handling was required to maintain.
[0010]
Moreover, in order to transfer the cultured seedlings produced mainly with heterotrophic growth / proliferation in such incubators to test tubes, flasks or beakers and shift to the habituation process under autotrophic growth conditions, It is thought that it causes drastic changes in the environment of the cultured seedlings, which contributes to a decrease in the survival rate during the acclimatization process and a delay in growth.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventor is in such a situation, and as a result of earnestly examining to efficiently provide sweet potato culture seedlings without being bound by the fixed idea as described above, the present invention has been completed. An object of the present invention is to solve the following problems.
1. To efficiently provide genetically superior quality sterile sweet potato seedlings.
2. To provide a method for growing sterile sweet potato seedlings that are less contaminated by various bacteria during the culture period.
3. To provide a sterile sweet potato seedling that can be transferred to the acclimatization process without causing drastic changes in the environment, has a good survival rate in the acclimatization process, and has good growth thereafter.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, in a method for growing a sweet potato seedling by culturing a sweet potato plantlet by a tissue culture method, sterilized rock wool or vermiculite is used as a support, and There is provided a method for growing a sterile sweet potato seedling characterized by using a sugar-free medium supported by a liquid component and growing in a sterile state.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the conventional method for growing seedlings of culture, as described above, since a large amount of sugar is added to the medium, contamination by various bacteria is likely to occur, and in order to prevent this, the stopper part of the incubator is half-cut. Usually it is sealed. And by making such a semi-sealed state, naturally, it means that the supply of air containing carbon dioxide gas from the outside is suppressed, and the state where photosynthesis in the incubator is impossible is further strengthened. Is done. As a result, in the conventional method for growing cultured seedlings, culture by autotrophic growth is substantially impossible.
[0014]
On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, in a method of growing a sweet potato seedling by culturing a sweet potato plantlet by a tissue culture method, a sugar-free medium supporting a liquid component is used and cultured in a sterile state. It is essential that tissue culture be performed under consistently complete autotrophic growth conditions.
In the present invention, the sweet potato plantlet refers to a node having a leaf obtained by culturing a sweet potato cell tissue, and a plurality of nodes in the unit of a stem of the plant body. A sugar-free medium that has been cut and supported by a liquid component is used, and the stem portion is expanded and rooted by cultivating and growing into this, and a plurality of nodes and leaves are produced.
[0015]
The medium for supporting the liquid component is preferably aseptic rock wool or vermiculite. In order to sterilize these culture media, rock wool or vermiculite used as the culture media is autoclaved. By using these sterilized media, the growth rate can be improved by about 1.5 to 2 times as compared with the case of the photo-mixed nutrient culture using conventional agar as a culture medium.
[0016]
It is essential that the liquid component contained in the culture medium does not contain sugar (sugar-free). By using a sugar-free medium, plantlets can undergo tissue culture under consistently autotrophic growth conditions rather than heterotrophic growth. The liquid component is not particularly limited as long as it is sugar-free, and examples thereof include conventionally known basic media such as Hoglund Anon, Murashige Suguk, White, Rinsmeier Suguk, and Niche Niche.
[0017]
As the incubator, it is preferable to use a sterilized cell-shaped seedling box in place of a test tube, an Erlenmeyer flask, or the like that has been used for the growth and growth of conventional heterotrophic growth. Although the cell molding seedling box may be individually adjusted for the culture environment, it is efficient and preferable to adjust a large number of cell molding seedling boxes in a large culture chamber at once.
[0018]
In the method of the present invention, carbon dioxide gas is applied to the incubator and / or the culture chamber during the period of growing and growing the sweet potato plantlets, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400 to 3000 μmol / mol. preferable. If the carbon dioxide concentration in the incubator and / or the culture chamber is less than 400 μmol / mol, the photosynthesis of the plantlet is not always sufficient, and if it is 3000 μmol / mol or more, the plantlet may be damaged, both of which are not preferred. Thus, by applying carbon dioxide to the incubator and / or the culture chamber, autotrophic growth can be promoted, and the cultured seedlings can be transplanted outside the incubator or transplanted to the actual cultivation soil, and the autotrophic growth can be achieved. Even if exposed to the conditions, there is no drastic change in the environment, so that it is possible to obtain a cultured seedling having a good survival rate in the acclimatization process and good growth thereafter.
[0019]
When sweet potato plantlets are grown and cultured by the method of the present invention, a large number of cell-molded seedling boxes are placed in the growth culture chamber. For example, temperature, type of light, light intensity, light irradiation direction, light period / dark period The culture is carried out under the same conditions of the growth and culture environment such as the cycle and relative humidity. Optimum conditions suitable for growth culture can be selected by checking through experiments as appropriate.
[0020]
In the method of the present invention, since the plantlets of sweet potatoes are cell-planted seedling boxes (tray) and autotrophic growth is consistently performed from the beginning, the preparation of the medium is easy and labor saving in the growth culture process is achieved. . In addition, plantlets obtained by propagation culture can be transferred to the acclimatization process without causing a drastic change in the environment when transplanted to the actual cultivated soil, the survival rate in the acclimatization process is improved, and the subsequent growth is also good . Thus, the method of the present invention is extremely suitable for obtaining a large amount of sterile sweet potato seedlings.
[0021]
In the method of the present invention, since the sweet potato plantlets can be grown and cultured under the same conditions using a cell-shaped seedling box, the sterile sweet potato seedlings grown in each cell-shaped seedling box are The length, rooting state, and number of leaves can be made substantially uniform. Therefore, aseptic sweet potato seedlings obtained by the method of the present invention can be easily transplanted by an automatic transplanter when transplanted to actual cultivation soil, and are used as seedlings for the purpose of harvesting sweet potato for large-scale cultivation. Transplanted and nurtured.
[0022]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to the example as described below, unless the meaning is exceeded.
[0023]
[Example 1]
Thirty-five polycarbonate cell-molded seedling boxes (tray) (manufactured by Minoru Sangyo) filled with sterilized rock wool in a cell with a diameter of 16 mm and a depth of 25 mm are transparent, 190 mm long, 145 mm wide, 81 mm high It installed in the incubator made from polystyrene (made by Baumartner Papiers SA). In each cell tray, a liquid medium of Hoglund Anon containing no saccharide was supported to 180 ml per incubator to prepare a medium.
[0024]
According to the conventional method, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Varieties: venezuma) that has been photomixed and nutrient-cultured is cut into single nodes containing one leaf, and the single nodes are placed on the above medium in each cell tray. The incubator is provided with a breathable filter, and the breathable filter is covered with a transparent film from the start of the culture test to the seventh day, and after the eighth day, the transparent film is taken so that gas passes through the incubator for a total of 28. The cells were grown and cultured in a photoautotrophic culture for 1 day. The environmental conditions for the growth culture are as follows: the light period temperature is 24 to 28 ± 1 ° C., the dark period temperature is 20 ± 1 ° C., the light period relative humidity is 60 to 80%, and the dark period relative humidity is 80 to 80%. 90%, the irradiation intensity of the white fluorescent lamp was 100 μmol / m 2 / sec, the irradiation time was 16 hours / day, and the carbon dioxide concentration was 1000 to 1100 μmol / mol (hereinafter referred to as “high concentration”).
After 28 days of culture, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight (hereinafter referred to as “chlorophyll concentration”) were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0025]
[Example 2]
In the example described in Example 1, except that sterilized vermiculite was used in place of sterilized rock wool, the cells were grown and cultured in a photoautotrophic culture for a total of 28 days in the same procedure as in the same example.
After 28 days of culturing, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight, and the like were measured according to conventional methods. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0026]
[Comparative Example 1]
In the example described in Example 1, except that agar containing no saccharide was used instead of sterilized rock wool, the cells were grown and cultured in a photoautotrophic culture for a total of 28 days in the same procedure as in the same example.
After 28 days of culture, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0027]
[Example 3]
In the example described in Example 1, except that the irradiation intensity of the white fluorescent lamp was changed to 170 μmol / m 2 / sec, the cells were proliferated and cultured in a photoautotrophic culture for a total of 28 days in the same procedure as in the same example.
After 28 days of culture, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0028]
[Example 4]
In the example described in Example 2, except that the irradiation intensity of the white fluorescent lamp was changed to 170 μmol / m 2 / sec, the cells were proliferated and cultured in the photoautotrophic culture for a total of 28 days in the same procedure as in the same example.
After 28 days of culture, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0029]
[Comparative Example 2]
In the example described in Example 3, except that agar without sugar was used instead of sterilized rock wool, the cells were grown and cultured in a photoautotrophic culture for a total of 28 days in the same procedure as in the same example.
After 28 days of culture, the plant weight, dry weight, dry matter rate, leaf number and leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0030]
[Comparative Example 3]
In the example described in Comparative Example 1, an incubator without an air-permeable filter is used, Murashige suguk containing 20 g / l of sucrose is used as a liquid component, and the irradiation intensity of a white fluorescent lamp is 50 μmol / m 2 / sec. Then, the cells were grown and cultured in the light mixed nutrient culture for a total of 28 days from the start of the culture test. The carbon dioxide gas concentration of the incubator was 350 to 500 μmol / mol (hereinafter referred to as “low concentration”).
After 28 days of culture, the dry weight, live weight, dry matter rate, leaf area, and chlorophyll concentration per leaf dry weight of the plantlets were measured. The results are shown in Table-1.
[0031]
[Table 1]
[0032]
From Table 1, the following is clear.
(1) Looking at the total dry matter weight, the value of the photoautotrophic culture group (Examples 1 to 4) is 1.4 (Example 1) to 2 of the value of the photomixed nutrient culture group (Comparative Example 3). .Times.1 (Example 3).
(2) Looking at the total body weight, the value of the photoautotrophic culture group (Examples 1 to 4) is 1.3 (Example 1) to 1 of the value of the photomixed nutrient culture group (Comparative Example 3). 9 times (Example 3).
(3) Looking at the dry matter rate, there is a significant difference between the photoautotrophic culture group (Examples 1 to 4) and the photomixed nutrient culture group (Comparative Example 3).
[0033]
(4) Looking at the leaf area, the value of the photoautotrophic culture group (Examples 1 to 4) is 1.6 (Example 1) to 2. of the value of the photomixed nutrient culture group (Comparative Example 3). 4 times (Example 3). In the group using the agar as the culture medium (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2), the leaf color was lighter than in the other test groups, and symptoms that seemed to be nutrient deficient were observed in the leaves.
(5) In the test plot using rock wool or vermiculite as the medium to support the liquid component, the dry weight, living weight, dry matter rate and leaf area are the same as those in the test plot using agar as the support. Therefore, rock wool or vermiculite can be used as the support.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following particularly advantageous effects, and its industrial utility value is extremely great.
1. In the method of the present invention, a sterile sweet potato seedling of genetically superior quality can be efficiently obtained at a growth rate of about 1.5 to 2 times that of the conventional culture method by using a sterile medium. be able to.
2. In the method of the present invention, since a sugar-free medium in which a liquid component is supported on a support is used, a sterile sweet potato seedling with extremely little contamination by various bacteria can be obtained during the culture period.
3. In the method of the present invention, since autotrophic growth is consistently performed from the beginning, the preparation of the medium is easy, and labor saving of the growth culture process is possible. In addition, aseptic sweet potato seedlings obtained by propagation culture can be transferred to the acclimatization process without causing drastic changes in the environment when transplanted to the actual cultivation soil, the survival rate in the acclimatization process is improved, and the subsequent growth is also good .
4). Sterile sweet potato seedlings obtained by the method of the present invention can be easily transplanted by an automatic transplanter when transplanted to actual cultivation soil, and are suitable as seedlings for the purpose of harvesting sweet potatoes for large-scale cultivation.
Claims (3)
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP10975996A JP3877800B2 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | Propagation method of aseptic sweet potato seedlings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP10975996A JP3877800B2 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | Propagation method of aseptic sweet potato seedlings |
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| JPH09294495A JPH09294495A (en) | 1997-11-18 |
| JP3877800B2 true JP3877800B2 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257959A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-30 | 北方民族大学 | Culture medium for late maturing potato detoxified basic seedling and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257958A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-30 | 北方民族大学 | Medium maturity virus-free potato basic seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102972355A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-20 | 华南农业大学 | Method for breeding, culturing and storing plant nematodes by using sweet potato calluses |
| CN103548684A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 定西市凯凯生态园植物快繁有限公司 | Inoculation method of tissue culture seedlings of potatoes |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000308427A (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2000-11-07 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Method for producing sweet potato plantlets |
| JP6241916B2 (en) * | 2013-08-18 | 2017-12-06 | 国立大学法人島根大学 | Sweet potato cultivation method |
| CN111528098A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-14 | 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所(甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所) | A kind of angelica tissue culture seedling rooting culture method |
-
1996
- 1996-04-30 JP JP10975996A patent/JP3877800B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257959A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-30 | 北方民族大学 | Culture medium for late maturing potato detoxified basic seedling and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257958A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-30 | 北方民族大学 | Medium maturity virus-free potato basic seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257958B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-06-05 | 北方民族大学 | Medium maturity virus-free potato basic seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257959B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-06-05 | 北方民族大学 | Culture medium for late maturing potato detoxified basic seedling and preparation method thereof |
| CN102972355A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-20 | 华南农业大学 | Method for breeding, culturing and storing plant nematodes by using sweet potato calluses |
| CN103548684A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 定西市凯凯生态园植物快繁有限公司 | Inoculation method of tissue culture seedlings of potatoes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09294495A (en) | 1997-11-18 |
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