JP3878620B2 - Box door mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a door opening / closing mechanism such as a mailbox for opening and closing a box opening with a door, and more particularly to a mechanism for opening and closing an opening by continuously rotating and revolving the door.

A box that opens and closes an opening by rotating a door attached with a hinge is applied to various fields because of its simple structure and easy operation, and is widely used in general household mailboxes.

This type of box requires a space when the door is opened and closed, because the entire door rotates to the front of the opening with a hinge on the edge as a fulcrum. In large apartments such as apartments, mail boxes are often placed facing each other in a predetermined space near the entrance, and it is often inconvenient to pick up mail.
In addition, the hinge door swings while it is open, which is obstructive, and in the case of the upper hinge, there is an inconvenience that it must be supported by hand.

In addition, since the mailbox is made of a metal plate such as stainless steel, the hinged door generates an opening / closing collision sound, and there is a noise problem where many mailboxes open and close continuously.

  Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide a door opening / closing mechanism in which the front space when opening and closing the door is reduced and the door is retracted and stored near the wall inside the box when opening, and no noise is generated when opening and closing. There is.

  A second object of the present invention is to provide the door opening / closing mechanism in which the door is automatically urged to the open position or the closed position.

In order to achieve the first object, the door opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is disposed at the opening / closing port of the box, and forms a rotation fulcrum at the longitudinal intermediate portion of the edge bracket and is separated from the rotation fulcrum. An opening / closing door having a second pivotal support formed at a longitudinal position, and a locking recess at the end of the arc cam surface, and the arc cam surface and the locking recess facing the opening / closing door on the side plate of the box A fixed cam plate, a pivot plate pivotally concentrically pivoted on the cam plate, a pivot plate pivotally attached to a pivot fulcrum of the opening / closing door, and a locking portion of the cam plate at the rear It has a locking part that engages with the concave part and a sliding surface that slides on the cam surface, and the front part is pivotally fitted to the second pivotal part of the door, and can slide in the longitudinal direction of the rotating plate. And a sliding member engaged with the cam plate. The door at a position engaged with the concave portion is engaged in the closed position of the closure, the cam surface of the cam plate rear sliding surface of the sliding member an upper end side of the door by a predetermined angle rotates the box inside After being moved to the position, the opening / closing door is rotated along with the rotation of the rotation plate so as to be drawn inside the box.

In order to achieve the second object, in the opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention, a spring for biasing the rotating plate in the opening direction or the closing direction of the door is further interposed in the rotating base of the rotating plate. Features.

  When the sliding piece is engaged with the locking recess of the cam plate, the door pivotally supported by the rotating plate closes the box opening and is held unopenable.

  When the door lock is unlocked and one end (lower side) is pulled forward, the door rotates around a rotation fulcrum by a predetermined angle, and the other end of the door rotates inward without being interfered by the wall of the box. Then tilt. Along with this, the sliding piece is pulled from the locking recess and can slide on the cam surface. When the door is further rotated together with the rotating plate in this inclined posture, the door revolves around the pivotal support portion of the rotating plate and is retracted along the inner wall of the box, and the box opening is fully opened. It becomes. If the door is revolved and rotated in the reverse operation, it returns to the closed position on the same track. Therefore, no front space is taken when the door is opened and closed, and no noise is generated because the door does not collide when the door is opened and closed.

  By urging the rotation plate in a desired rotation direction, the opening / closing operation of the door is facilitated and the usability is improved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a mailbox using the door opening / closing mechanism of the present invention. The mailbox 1 of this embodiment is provided with a mail input port 2 on one side of a square box and the other side. The mail box of the type which provided the opening-and-closing door 4 in the taking-out opening-and-closing port 3 is illustrated.

The box door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention includes an opening / closing door 4 for opening / closing the opening / closing port 3 of the box 1, a cam plate 6 fixed to the side plate 5 a and / or 5 b of the box, and a rotating base portion as a center plane of the cam plate 6. And a sliding plate 8 which is slidably engaged in the longitudinal direction of the rotating plate 7 and detachably engages with the cam plate 6.

  The open / close door 4 has a pin hole serving as a pivot fulcrum 9 in the longitudinal direction middle part of the side bracket, preferably the center, and a second pivot part at a position separated downward from the pivot fulcrum 9 in the longitudinal direction. A pivot 10 is projected.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cam plate 6 has a configuration in which a locking recess 12 is continuously provided at the end of the arc cam surface 11, and the connecting boundary between the arc cam surface 11 and the locking recess 12 is defined on the opening / closing door 4. It is fixed to the side plates 5a and 5b of the box 1 toward the intermediate portion. Reference numeral 29 denotes a fixed portion of the cam plate 6. FIG. 1 shows a case where the bottom surface of the cam plate 6 is fixed to the side plate 5b on the near side as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the cam plate 6 is integrally formed on the upper surface thereof with a circular arc ridge 15 that rotatably fits a circular edge 14 of a rotation base opening 13 of the rotation plate 7 to be described later. In addition, an engaging portion 17 such as a screw hole for integrally fixing a presser plate 16 to be described later is provided on the circular arc ridge 15.
Further, a circular arc groove 18 is formed inside the circular arc protrusion 15 of the cam plate 6.

The rotation plate 7 is pivotally supported by the cam plate 6 so as to be concentric with the cam surface 11 of the cam plate 6, and the pin 19 at the tip becomes the rotation fulcrum 9 of the opening / closing door 4. It is pivotally attached to the pin.
In the illustrated embodiment, the circular edge 14 of the base rotation opening 13 of the rotating plate 7 is fitted to the arc projection 15 of the cam plate 6 from the outside, and is pivotally supported with respect to the cam plate 6. .
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the rotation center position P of the rotation plate 7 is such that the distance from the center position P to the outer wall of the door 4 is the distance from the rotation fulcrum 9 of the door 4 to the upper end of the door 4. It is set at almost the same position.

  The rotating plate 7 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 has a predetermined width on the tip side as shown in FIG. 3, and a convex guide that slidably engages a sliding piece 8 'described later at a position off the axis. 20 is projected in parallel with the axis.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sliding member 8 of FIG. 1 embodiment has a pin hole 21 that engages with the pin 10 of the door 4 in a loose-fitting manner at the tip, and the rotating plate in the rear axial direction thereof. 7, a long hole 22 that engages and slides on the convex guide 20 is formed. The tip pin hole 21 is loosely fitted to the pin 10 of the door 4 as shown in FIG. The sliding piece 8 'is disposed so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the surface of the rotating plate 7 by engaging with the convex guide 20 of the rotating plate 7.
In the embodiment shown in the figure, the convex guide 20 is formed on the rotating plate 7 and the long hole 22 is formed on the sliding piece 8 ', but this may be reversed.

The size of the sliding piece 8 ′ and the positional relationship between the elongated hole 22 and the convex guide 20 are such that when the door 4 is in the closed position, the lower part of the sliding piece 8 ′ is engaged in the engaging recess 12 of the cam plate 6. When the sliding piece 8 ′ is pulled forward and the door 4 is rotated (rotated) by a predetermined angle with the rotation fulcrum 9 as a fulcrum, the rear end of the sliding piece 8 ′ is disengaged from the engaging recess 12 of the cam plate 6. The cam surface 11 and the slidable position are incorporated. For this reason, the end of the cam surface 11 is preferably rounded.
The rotation angle of the door 4 is desirably regulated by the sliding stroke of the sliding piece 8 ', and is set to a 30 ° angle in the figure. In addition, the contact surface of the sliding piece 8 ′ that comes into sliding contact with the cam surface 11 is formed as a concave curved surface having substantially the same curvature as that of the cam surface 11 so that it can slide smoothly.

The presser plate 16 is integrally fixed to the circular arc protrusion 15 of the cam plate 6 via the engaging portion 23.

  Engagement in which the rotation angle is regulated (60 ° in the embodiment shown in the figure) by being locked to both ends 24a and 24b of the circular arc protrusion 15 of the cam plate 6 at the inner central portion of the circular edge 14 of the rotation plate 7. A plate 25 is integrally formed, and a spring locking piece 26 is integrally formed at the tip of the engagement plate 25 so as to project into the arc groove 18 of the cam plate.

  On the other hand, a spring locking piece 27 to be inserted into the circular arc groove 18 of the cam plate protrudes from the back surface of the presser plate 16 at a position facing the spring locking piece 26 of the rotating plate 7. By inserting and engaging springs (not shown) between the spring locking pieces 26 and 27 in the circular arc groove 18, the rotating plate 7 can be urged in a desired rotating direction.

  The cam surface 11 and the locking recess 12 of the cam plate 6, the convex guide 20 of the rotating plate 7, and the rear end surface of the sliding piece 8 'are preferably formed symmetrically so that they can be used in common for the box side surfaces 5a and 5b. To.

Next, the operation of the door opening / closing mechanism shown in FIG. 1 embodiment will be described.
In the closed state of FIG. 1, when the end portion is pulled forward by the number operation of the lock 28 of the door 4, the door 4 rotates around the pivot fulcrum 9 and is pulled forward. Since the sliding piece 8 ′ pivotally supported by the two pivotal portions 10 is pulled forward along the convex guide 20, the upper end of the door 4 interferes with the box about the pivot fulcrum 9 and the second pivotal portion 10. In this case, the inner side of the sliding piece 8 'is disengaged from the engagement with the engaging recess 12 of the cam plate 6 and slid on the cam surface 11. It becomes possible to move.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, one end (upper end in the figure) of the door 4 is inclined inward of the box 1, so that when the door 4 is further turned inward, a concave curved surface at the rear end of the sliding piece 8 ′. Slides along the cam surface 11 of the cam plate 6. Thus, the door 4 and while rotating the plate 7 and the sliding piece 8 cooperative revolves rotated in the box 1, engagement plate 25 is a cam plate rotating plate 7 was 90 ° rotated from the door closing position 6 The movement is stopped by contacting the end 24a of the arc projection 15 and the door 4 stops at the storage position along the inner wall of the box 1 and is fully opened.
Further, the door 4 returns to the closed position shown in FIG.

The embodiment of FIG. 1 is a mail in the form of so-called front-in / out-out, in which a mail input port 2 is provided at one end (front side) of the box, and a door 4 is provided at the other end (rear) take-off opening / closing port 3. Although the case where the door opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is applied to the box is shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a front-in / out mail box with the rear side closed.

The embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9 shows an example, and in this embodiment, the upper portion of the door 4 is formed short so that a gap of the insertion port 2 is formed between the door 4 and the top plate 30. The other opening / closing mechanism of the door 4 is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG.

In the case of a first-in / out mailbox as shown in FIG. 8, a protective plate 31 is preferably fixed or detachably attached to the upper edge of the door 4 so as not to hurt fingers when a mail is inserted. It is.
In addition, an opening / closing plate 32 is provided in the upper gap serving as the mail input slot 2. When the door 4 is in the closed position, the opening / closing plate 32 is biased to a position for closing the insertion port 2 by a spring 33, and when the opening / closing door 4 is opened, the opening / closing door is moved in accordance with the displacement of the opening / closing door 4. 4 is opened to the open position at the upper end (protection plate 31).

Note that the first-in / out mailbox using the door opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is not limited to the above-described structure example, but the opening / closing door itself may be provided with a slot, although not shown.

FIG. 10 shows a modified example of the cam plate 6 and the sliding member 8. The cam plate 6 of this embodiment has an arcuate surface 34 centered on the rotation fulcrum 9 in the locking recess 12.
On the other hand, the sliding member 8 is provided with an arcuate locking piece 35 slidably engaged with the arcuate surface 34 of the engaging recess 12 of the cam plate b and a curved surface 36 engaged with the arcuate cam surface 11 at the rear. The front portion is composed of a pivot bracket 9 of the door 4 and a sliding bracket 8 ″ pivotally attached to the second pivot portion 10.

Thus, when the open / close door 4 is rotated (rotated) by a predetermined angle about the rotation fulcrum 9 as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the arc-shaped locking piece 35 of the sliding bracket 8 ″ becomes the arc surface of the cam plate 6. The open / close door 4 can be revolved and rotated by sliding the surface 34 to disengage from the locking recess 12 and the curved surface 36 of the sliding bracket 8 ″ engaging the cam surface 11 of the cam plate 6.
Note that reference numeral 37 in FIG. 10 is a fixed portion of the cam plate 6.

The present invention is completely different from the conventional hinge mechanism, requires less space when opening and closing the door, and improves noise when opening and closing, and is particularly suitable for a mail box of an apartment house such as an apartment.

Schematic vertical view of a mailbox to which a door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention is applied Top view of cam plate Top view of rotating plate Top view of sliding piece Top view of presser foot Action explanatory diagram of the door opening and closing mechanism according to the present invention Action explanatory diagram of the door opening and closing mechanism according to the present invention Operational explanatory diagram of a door opening and closing mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention. Operational explanatory diagram of a door opening and closing mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention. Schematic cross section of a mailbox according to yet another embodiment of the invention Figure 1 Member assembly diagram

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mail box 2 ... Mail entry port 3 ... Extraction opening / closing port 4 ... Opening / closing door 5a, 5b ... Side plate 6 ... Cam plate 7 ... Rotating plate 8 ... Sliding member 8 '... Sliding piece 8 "... Sliding Bracket 9 ... Rotating fulcrum 10 ... Axis 11 ... Arc cam surface 12 ... Locking recess 13 ... Rotating base opening 14 ... Circular edge 15 ... Arc ridge 16 ... Presser plate 17 ... Engaging portion 18 ... Arc groove 19 ... Pin 20 ... Convex guide 21 ... Tip pin hole 22 ... Long hole 23 ... Engagement part 24a, 24b ... Both ends 25 ... Engagement plate 26, 27 ... Spring locking piece 28 ... Lock 29 ... Fixing part 30 ... Top plate 31 ... Protection plate 32 ... Opening / closing plate 33 ... Spring 34 ... Arc surface 35 ... Arc-shaped locking piece 36 ... Curved surface 37 ... Fixed portion

Claims (4)

An opening / closing door which is disposed at the opening / closing opening of the box and forms a pivotal fulcrum in the longitudinal intermediate portion of the edge bracket, and which forms a second pivotal portion at a longitudinal position spaced from the pivotal fulcrum;
A cam plate in which a locking recess is continuously provided at an end of the arc cam surface, and the arc cam surface and the locking recess are fixed to a side plate of the box facing the opening / closing door;
A pivot plate pivotally concentrically pivoted on the cam plate and having a distal end side fulcrum pivotally attached to the pivot fulcrum of the door;
The rear portion has a locking portion that engages with the locking recess of the cam plate and a sliding surface that slides on the cam surface, and the front portion is pivotally fitted to the second pivot portion of the door and pivoted. A sliding member that is slidably engaged in the longitudinal direction of the plate;
The opening / closing door is locked at the closed position of the opening / closing port at a position where the sliding member is engaged with the locking recess of the cam plate, and the upper end side of the opening / closing door is rotated by a predetermined angle inside the box. The box opening / closing door characterized in that the rear sliding surface of the sliding member is moved to the cam surface position of the cam plate, and then the opening / closing door is rotated with the rotation of the rotating plate to be drawn inside the box. mechanism A sliding member is slidably disposed in the axial direction of the rotating plate via a concave / convex engaging guide, and a rear end thereof extends from the locking concave portion of the cam plate to the cam surface through the engagement with the guide. The box opening / closing door mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing door mechanism is a sliding piece that reciprocates to a position and has a distal end side fulcrum pivotally attached to the second pivoting portion of the opening / closing door. The sliding member has a locking piece that engages with the engaging recess of the cam plate and a curved surface that engages with the cam surface at the rear part, and the front part pivots on the pivot point and the second pivot part of the opening / closing door. The box opening / closing door mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing door mechanism is a worn bracket.   4. A box opening / closing door mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a spring for biasing the rotation plate in an opening direction or a closing direction of the door at a rotation base portion of the rotation plate.

Images