JP3880372B2 - Burner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is used in various industrial fields such as a burner provided for heating a reforming section for generating a hydrogen-containing gas supplied to a fuel cell by reforming raw fuel gas. The present invention relates to a premixed burner that is combusted by secondary combustion air (an example of combustion oxygen-containing gas).
[0002]
[Prior art]
  This type of conventional burner injects combustion air or fuel gas from a central injection hole, and injects fuel gas or combustion air as a swirling flow from surrounding injection holes, so that both are premixed and burned. It was something like that.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, when the conventional technology is used, the mixing of the combustion air and the fuel gas can be slightly improved by ejecting the combustion air or the fuel gas as a swirling flow as compared with the case where the swirling flow is not used. However, since combustion air and fuel gas are essentially in contact, it is difficult to obtain high mixing properties, and there is room for improvement in terms of combustion, such as unburned components remaining in the exhaust gas. It was. Further, when the combustion space is flat, it is difficult to make the combustion air or the fuel gas into a swirl flow.
[0004]
  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a burner excellent in combustibility.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Configuration 1]
  As described in claim 1, the burner according to the present invention includes a first nozzle pipe having a first ejection hole for ejecting fuel gas,
  A second nozzle pipe having a second ejection hole for ejecting a combustion oxygen-containing gas to the fuel gas, arranged in parallel with each other,
  Along the tube axis direction of the second nozzle tube with respect to the single first ejection holeSandwiching the position of the single first orificeAdjacent to each otherTwoIs associated with the second ejection hole,
  The gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole isIn contact with the outer diameter of the first nozzle tube, andIt is set in a direction toward the region immediately after gas ejection of the associated first ejection hole.
[0006]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this configuration, the fuel gas ejected from the single first ejection hole is arranged in parallel in a state where the position of the single first ejection hole is sandwiched in the tube axis direction of the second nozzle tube. Since the combustion air can be ejected from the two second ejection holes toward the gas ejection region where the fuel gas is ejected, the fuel gas ejected from the first ejection hole 2 The combustion air ejected from the two second ejection holes can be well mixed and combusted, and the generation of unburned components can be suppressed with a simple configuration.
  Further, in order to realize excellent combustibility, the second ejection hole of the second nozzle pipe is set in order to set the ejection direction of the combustion air by the second ejection hole to the direction toward the gas ejection region of the first ejection hole. Is set to a direction in contact with the outer diameter of the first nozzle tube arranged in parallel with the second nozzle tube, so that the combustion air ejected from the second ejection hole becomes the first nozzle tube. Along the outer diameter of the gas, it reaches a place relatively close to the first injection hole in the region immediately after the gas injection, and can reliably supply the combustion air to the fuel gas whose dispersion is well suppressed, Unburned components and the like can be further suppressed.
[0007]
  Therefore, the burner of this configuration can be made excellent in combustibility by a simple configuration such as devising the gas ejection direction of the ejection hole, and further, by being composed of a pair of tubes arranged in parallel to each other A flat combustion space can be realized.
[0008]
〔Constitution2]
  The burner according to the present invention claims2As described above, the above configuration1In addition to the configuration of the burner, in the associated first and second ejection holes,
  The gas ejection direction of the first ejection hole and the gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole are set to intersect at an acute angle.
[0009]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this configuration, the fuel gas ejection direction from the first ejection hole and the combustion air ejection direction from the second ejection hole are set to intersect at an acute angle.TheTherefore, since the direction components on the jet direction of the fuel gas and the jet direction of the combustion air are not opposite to each other and are in the same direction, the fuel gas collides against the combustion air. It is possible to suppress the combustion gas from being dispersed before combustion and generating a large amount of unburned components.
[0010]
  Further, the direction in which the combustion air is ejected by the second ejection holes is the direction toward the region immediately after the gas ejection of the first ejection holes in which the dispersion of the fuel gas is suppressed, in other words, the region immediately above the first ejection holes. Therefore, most of the fuel gas can be reliably mixed with the combustion air, and unburned components can be further suppressed.
[0011]
  Therefore, the burner of this configuration can be made excellent in combustibility by a simple configuration such as devising the gas ejection direction of the ejection hole, and further, by being composed of a pair of tubes arranged in parallel to each other A flat combustion space can be realized.
[0012]
〔Constitution3]
  The burner according to the present invention claims3As described above, the above configuration1Or2In addition to the configuration of the burner, the first nozzle tube and the second nozzle tube are composed of a tube material having the same diameter,
  The gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole is set to a direction that forms an angle of 30 ° with respect to a plane including the tube axis of the first nozzle tube and the tube axis of the second nozzle tube. And
[0013]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this configuration,When the first nozzle tube and the second nozzle tube are made of the same diameter tube material, the gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole is at an angle of 30 ° with respect to the plane. The gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole is in contact with the outer diameter of the first nozzle tube.
[0014]
〔Constitution4]
  The burner according to the present invention claims4As described above, the above configuration1From3In addition to the configuration of any of the burners, the gas ejection direction of the first ejection hole is an angle of 90 ° with respect to a plane including the tube axis of the first nozzle tube and the tube axis of the second nozzle tube It is set to the direction which makes | forms.
[0015]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this configuration, in order to achieve excellent combustibility, the direction of fuel gas ejection from the first ejection hole is set to a direction away from the second ejection hole for ejecting combustion air for the fuel gas. Moreover, the gas ejection direction of the first ejection holes can be set to a direction that forms an angle of 90 ° C. with respect to the plane, and excellent combustibility can be realized with a simple configuration.
[0016]
〔Constitution5]
  The burner according to the present invention claims5As described in 1.4In addition to any one of the burner configurations described above, the fuel gas is a hydrogen-containing gas.
[0017]
〔Constitution6]
  The burner according to the present invention claims6As described above, the above configuration5In addition to the configuration of the burner, provided for heating the reforming processing unit for generating a hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the fuel cell by reforming the raw fuel gas,
  The hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the fuel cell is configured to be supplied to the first nozzle tube.
[0018]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this configuration, the fuel gas ejected from the first ejection holes can be premixed with the combustion air ejected from the other second ejection holes and burned well, so that the fuel gas is combusted. Even when the hydrogen-containing gas contains hydrogen at a high speed, the occurrence of flashback can be prevented. The burner that can burn the hydrogen-containing gas with good combustibility in this way can burn the hydrogen-containing gas as the exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell in a good and safe manner. It can be effectively used for heating the reforming treatment unit for supplying the hydrogen-containing gas to the gas.
[0019]
〔Constitution7]
  The burner according to the present invention claims7As described in 1.6In addition to the configuration of any one of the above, the second nozzle pipe is configured to be able to freely supply a mixed gas containing a second fuel gas having a combustion speed lower than that of the fuel gas and oxygen as the oxygen-containing gas. It is characterized by.
[0020]
[Function and effect]
  According to the burner of this structure, since the mixed gas of the combustion air and the second fuel gas can be supplied as the combustion air supplied to the first nozzle pipe, the hydrogen-containing gas burned by the premixed type In addition to the fuel gas such as the second gas, the second fuel gas such as hydrocarbon having a combustion speed smaller than that of the fuel gas can be burned by the original mixing method.
  In particular, when a burner of this configuration is provided for heating the reforming section that supplies a hydrogen-containing gas to the fuel cell, the amount of the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the fuel cell is reduced during start-up operation or other times However, in such a case, hydrocarbons or the like as raw fuel supplied to the reforming unit can be burned by the burner as the second fuel, and the temperature of the reforming unit can be maintained at a predetermined temperature. .
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a burner according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
  In the following embodiments, the burner 4b according to the present invention will be described in detail later, but the exhaust fuel gas (an example of a hydrogen-containing gas) discharged from the fuel cell G passes through the exhaust fuel gas passage 24. It is supplied to burn the exhaust fuel gas to heat the reforming processing unit 3, and the reforming processing unit 3 generates a hydrogen-containing gas that generates a hydrogen-rich fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell G. The device P is provided.
[0022]
  The hydrogen-containing gas generator P is provided with a reformer A, and the reformer A includes a reformer R that reforms raw fuel and a steam generator S that generates steam for reforming. The hydrogen-containing gas generation device P is configured to perform a modification process for reducing the carbon monoxide gas contained in the reformed gas that has been reformed in the reforming unit R in addition to the reformer A. The unit 5 and the selective oxidation processing unit 6 are configured to generate a hydrogen-rich fuel gas having a low carbon monoxide gas concentration (for example, 10 ppm or less).
[0023]
  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen-containing gas generation device P includes a desulfurization processing unit 1, a steam generation unit S, a reforming unit R, a shift processing unit 5, and a selective oxidation processing unit 6.
  The desulfurization processing unit 1 is configured to desulfurize a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas such as natural gas, the steam generation unit S is configured to generate steam for reforming processing, and the shift processing unit 5 includes: The carbon monoxide gas in the reformed gas discharged from the reforming section R, which will be described later, is converted to carbon dioxide gas using steam, and the selective oxidation processing section 6 is discharged from the shift processing section 5. The carbon monoxide gas remaining in the modified treatment gas is selectively oxidized.
[0024]
  Further, the reforming unit R uses the combustion heat of the exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell G to convert the raw fuel gas desulfurized by the desulfurization processing unit 1 into hydrogen gas using the steam generated by the steam generating unit S. The carbon monoxide gas is reformed.
  Further, the reforming section R is filled with the reforming catalyst so as to be freely ventilated and allows the reformed gas (mixed gas of desulfurized raw fuel gas and water vapor) to flow to reform the raw fuel gas. The reforming processing unit 3 and the combustion unit 4 that heats the reforming processing unit 3 by combusting the exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell G are provided.
[0025]
  The steam generation unit S includes a steam generation heating flow-through unit 11 for passing the combustion gas discharged from the combustion unit 4 of the reforming unit R, and heating of the supplied raw water by the steam generation heating flow-through unit 11. And an evaporation processing unit 2 for evaporation.
[0026]
  The combustion unit 4 is disposed on the lower side in the flame formation direction of the flammable combustion unit 4F with respect to the flammable combustion unit 4F and the flammable combustion unit 4F that combusts the exhaust fuel gas in a state of forming a flame. The catalyst combustion unit 4C is configured to combust the exhaust fuel gas that has not been burned in the flammable combustion unit 4F using the combustion catalyst 4c.
[0027]
  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the combustion section 4 has a deep dish-shaped container forming member 41 having three deep groove portions 41 a and two bottom portions 41 b and 41 c formed between the deep groove portions 41 a. In the twin-chamber equipped container Bd constituting the reforming section R erected so that the bottom 41c is positioned on the lower side, formed by a dish-shaped container forming member 41 having a two-stage bottom 41b and 41c and a partition member 43 It is configured as a flat chamber.
[0028]
  A flat chamber having a large depth on the lower side formed by the right dish-shaped container forming member 41 having the two-stage bottom portions 41b and 41c and the partition member 43 is defined as a combustion chamber 4r, and at the lower end of the combustion chamber 4r. The flame burner 4F is configured by the elongate burner 4b arranged along the lower edge so that the combustion gas is jetted into the combustion chamber 4r so as to cover the entire width thereof. A combustion catalyst 4c is arranged in a portion where the depth above the combustion chamber 4r is narrow, and a catalyst combustion unit 4C is configured.
  4i in the figure is an igniter for igniting the burner 4b.
[0029]
  That is, in the combustion chamber 4r, the area of each of the pair of wall portions facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the flame formation direction (that is, the combustion gas flow direction) of the flammable combustion portion 4F is wide, and the pair of walls It is formed in a flat shape with a narrow interval between the parts. The flat combustion chamber 4r is arranged vertically, and a flammable combustion section 4F is arranged below the combustion chamber 4r so that the flame formation direction is upward, and further the combustion In the chamber 4r, a catalytic combustion portion 4C is disposed above the flammable combustion portion 4F, that is, at a position on the lower side of the flame formation direction with respect to the flammable combustion portion 4F.
  The combustion catalyst 4c is made of platinum, palladium or the like.
[0030]
  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the burner 4b is configured by arranging two nozzle tubes N1 and N2 side by side in a state of being close to each other in the horizontal direction. The gas ejection directions D1, D2 and the respective arrangement states are characteristic.
[0031]
  Exhaust fuel gas is supplied to one first nozzle pipe N1 through an exhaust fuel gas path 24, and combustion air is supplied to the other second nozzle pipe N through a combustion air path 29. The The burner 4b is configured in a premixed manner in which the exhaust fuel gas ejected from the plurality of first ejection holes a1 is mixed with the combustion air ejected from the plurality of second ejection holes a2 and burned. A flame is formed in the flame burning part 4F.
[0032]
  In the burner 4b, combustion air is discharged from two second ejection holes a2 arranged in parallel along the tube axis direction of the second nozzle pipe N2 with respect to the exhaust fuel gas ejected from the single first ejection hole a1. The first ejection holes a1 and the second ejection holes a2 are associated with each other at a ratio of 1: 2 so as to be ejected.
  That is, the position of the first ejection hole a1 exists between the positions of two adjacent second ejection holes a2 along the tube axis direction.
  The exhaust fuel gas ejected from the first ejection hole a1 is well mixed with the combustion air ejected from the two second ejection holes a2 over a wide range along the tube axis direction and burns. It will be.
[0033]
  Further, in the burner 4b, the gas ejection directions D1, D2 from the ejection holes a1, a2 of the nozzle tubes N1, N2 are set so as to intersect each other at an acute angle.
  Specifically, the gas ejection direction D2 of the second ejection hole a2 is set in a direction toward the gas ejection area (that is, the area where the exhaust fuel gas is ejected) of the associated first ejection hole a1, Mixing of exhaust fuel gas and combustion oxygen-containing gas is promoted.
[0034]
  Further, the gas ejection direction D1 of the first ejection hole a1 is set in a direction away from the second ejection hole a2, specifically, the tube axis of the first nozzle tube N1 and the tube axis of the second nozzle tube N2. Is set in a direction that forms an angle θ1 of 90 ° with respect to a plane including the so-called horizontal plane.
  By setting the gas ejection direction D1 of the first ejection hole a1 in this way, the ejected exhaust fuel gas and the combustion air collide without facing each other, so the exhaust fuel gas is dispersed without burning. It is possible to suppress the generation of unburned components.
[0035]
  Further, the gas ejection direction D2 of the second ejection hole a2 is set in a direction toward the region immediately after the gas ejection of the first ejection hole a1 (that is, directly above the first ejection hole a1), specifically, the first nozzle The direction is in contact with the outer diameter of the tube N1, and is set in a direction that forms an angle θ2 of 30 ° with respect to the horizontal plane.
  By setting the gas ejection direction D2 of the second ejection hole a2 in this way, the combustion air ejected from the second ejection hole a2 is ejected from the first ejection hole a1 in which the dispersion of the exhaust fuel gas is suppressed. Immediately after that, it is supplied to the region, so that much of the exhaust fuel gas can be mixed with the combustion air, and unburned components can be further suppressed.
[0036]
  Further, since a side wall portion of a heat insulating material 19 to be described later of the combustion chamber 4r is formed in a shape having three deep groove portions 41a and two bottom portions 41b and 41c formed therebetween, particularly the gas in the first ejection hole. Due to the corner portions of the deep groove portion 41a and the bottom portion 41c existing in the vicinity of the ejection direction D1, turbulent flow is generated in the combustion gas flow from the flammable combustion portion 4F, and combustion of unburned components can be promoted.
[0037]
  In particular, it was confirmed by experiments that the burner 4b configured as in the present embodiment suppresses the concentration of carbon monoxide produced in the exhaust gas to 50 ppm or less.
[0038]
  Although detailed description is omitted, the fuel cell G is a solid polymer type having a polymer membrane as an electrolyte, and reacts with hydrogen in the fuel gas supplied from the hydrogen-containing gas generation device P through the fuel gas passage 23. Power is generated by an electrochemical reaction with oxygen in the reaction air supplied from the blower 14 through the reaction air passage 32.
[0039]
  Further, the hydrogen-containing gas generator P is passed through a high-temperature reforming process gas discharged from the reforming process unit 3 to keep the reforming process unit 3 warm, A heat exchanger Ep for the gas to be reformed that heats the gas to be reformed supplied to the reforming processing unit 3 by the reforming processing gas, and a raw fuel gas that is supplied to the desulfurization processing unit 1 by the high-temperature reforming processing gas A raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea that heats the gas, a metamorphic portion cooling flow passage 8 that allows a cooling fluid to flow in order to cool the metamorphic treatment portion 5, and, similarly, to cool the metamorphic treatment portion 6. A shift section cooling flow section 9 through which a cooling fluid flows, and a cooling fan 10 that cools the shift processing section 5 and the selective oxidation processing section 6 are provided.
  In addition, a raw material water preheating heat exchanger 17 is provided that preheats the raw water by heat exchange between the shift gas discharged from the shift processing unit 5 and the raw water supplied to the steam generation unit S.
[0040]
  The to-be-reformed gas heat exchanger Ep includes an upstream side reforming process gas flow part 12 for allowing the reforming process gas discharged from the heat retaining flow part 7 to flow, and a target to be supplied to the reforming process part 3. The reformed gas flow section 13 for allowing the reformed gas to flow is provided so as to be able to exchange heat, and the raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea is discharged from the upstream reforming process gas flow section 12. A downstream reforming process gas flow section 15 through which the reforming process gas flows and a raw fuel gas flow section 16 through which the raw fuel gas supplied to the desulfurization processing section 1 flow are provided so as to be able to exchange heat. It is.
[0041]
  As shown in FIG. 2, in the hydrogen-containing gas generation device P, a plurality of rectangular plate-like flat containers B are provided side by side in the thickness direction of the plate-like shape. A flow passage portion, a combustion portion 4 and the like are configured.
[0042]
  A part of the plurality of containers B is composed of a single-chamber container Bm formed so as to have one chamber, and the rest is a twin-chamber container Bd formed so as to have two compartments. It is composed of.
[0043]
  As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the twin-chamber container Bd is basically welded at its periphery with a flat partition member 43 positioned between a pair of dish-shaped container forming members 41. Connected, two flat chambers are defined.
[0044]
  The reforming unit R is configured using one twin-chamber equipped container Bd, and the steam generation unit S is also configured using one twin-chamber equipped container Bd.
[0045]
  Among the twin chamber equipped containers Bd, the twin chamber equipped containers Bd constituting the reforming section R are, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, flat-bottomed dish-shaped container forming members 41 having a flat bottom, Two chambers are partitioned and formed by welding and connecting the periphery with a flat plate-shaped partition member 43 positioned between the two-stage dish-shaped container forming member 41 that is deep on one side. .
[0046]
  In addition, among the double chamber-equipped containers Bd, the double chamber-equipped container Bd constituting the water vapor generating unit S has a flat-bottomed dish-shaped container forming member 41 and an inward portion of the bottom as shown in FIG. Between the convex dish-shaped container forming member 41, the peripheral part is welded and connected in a state where the flat partition member 43 is positioned, so that two chambers are defined.
[0047]
  Among the twin chamber equipped containers Bd, those other than those constituting the reforming section R and the steam generating section S are formed between the pair of flat bottom dish-shaped container forming members 41 as shown in FIG. In the state where the partition member 43 is positioned, the peripheral portion is welded to form two flat chambers.
[0048]
  As shown in FIG. 6, the single-chamber container Bm is formed by partitioning a flat chamber by connecting the dish-shaped container forming member 41 and the flat container forming member 42 at the periphery.
[0049]
  A connection nozzle 44 for fluid supply or fluid discharge is attached to each single-chamber container Bm or each double-chamber container Bd in a state of communicating with the internal chamber as necessary.
  Although not shown, the interior of the container B is configured to be a meandering flow path as necessary, and the fluid flow path is lengthened.
[0050]
  A flat chamber constituting the reforming processing unit 3 is filled with a large number of ceramic porous granular materials holding a reforming catalyst such as ruthenium, nickel, platinum, etc. in a state of allowing ventilation.
[0051]
  As shown in FIG. 2, the evaporation chamber 2 is provided with a double-chamber container Bd that constitutes the water vapor generation unit S, and is formed by a convex dish-shaped container forming member 41 and a flat partition member 4. The steam generating heating flow-through portion 11 includes a flat chamber formed by a flat-bottomed dish-shaped container forming member 41 and a partition member 43. The two chambers are filled with a heat transfer promoting material made of stainless wool or the like in a breathable state.
[0052]
  As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, eight twin-chamber equipped containers Bd and one single-chamber equipped container Bm are located at the third single-chamber equipped container Bm from the left end in a side view. In such a state, they are provided side by side in the thickness direction in the lateral direction, and are compact.
  In order to clarify the distinction between the eight double-chamber containers Bd, for convenience, the reference numerals 1, 2, 3,... Attached.
[0053]
  The steam generating section S is configured by the leftmost twin chamber equipped container Bd1, and the reforming section R is configured by the second twin chamber equipped container Bd2 from the left.
  A heat retaining flow-through portion 7 is configured using the single chamber container Bm.
[0054]
  The upstream side reforming gas flow passage 12 is configured using the left side chamber of the third double chamber container Bd3 from the left, and the part including the right side chamber is used for reforming. A quality gas flow part 13 is configured. Both chambers are filled with a heat transfer promoting material made of stainless wool or the like so as to allow ventilation.
[0055]
  The desulfurization processing unit 1 is configured by using the left side chamber of the fourth double chamber container Bd4 from the left, and the raw fuel gas flow unit 16 is provided by using the right side chamber. It is configured. The left chamber constituting the desulfurization processing unit 1 is filled with a large number of ceramic porous granular materials holding a desulfurization catalyst in a gas-permeable manner.
[0056]
  The downstream side reforming gas flow section 15 is configured by using the left side chamber of the fifth twin chamber container Bd5 from the left, and the transformation process is performed by using the right side chamber. Part 5 is configured.
  The shift processing section 5 is configured by using the left side chamber of the sixth double-chamber container Bd6 from the left, and the shift section cooling flow section 8 is provided by using the right chamber. Is configured.
  The transformation processing unit 5 is configured by using the seventh double-chamber container Bd7 from the left. Each chamber constituting the shift treatment section is filled with a large number of ceramic porous granular materials holding a catalyst for shift reaction of iron oxide or zinc-zinc in an air-permeable state.
[0057]
  The portion provided with the left chamber of the eighth (right end) double chamber container Bd8 from the left is used to form the metamorphic portion cooling flow passage 9, and selective oxidation is performed using the portion provided with the right chamber. A processing unit 6 is configured. The chamber constituting the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is filled with a large number of porous ceramic particles holding a catalyst for selective oxidation of ruthenium so as to allow ventilation.
[0058]
  When arranging a plurality of containers B including eight twin-chamber equipped containers Bd and one single-chamber equipped container Bm, those that need to be heat-transferred are in close contact with each other and the amount of heat transfer is adjusted. These are arranged in a state in which a heat transfer material 19 for adjusting the amount of heat transfer is interposed between those that need to be.
  That is, the heat insulating material 19 is arranged between the leftmost double chamber-equipped container Bd1 constituting the water vapor generating part S and the second double chamber-equipped container Bd2 constituting the reforming part R from the left. The second twin-chamber container Bd2 and the single-chamber container Bm are closely arranged, and a heat insulating material 19 is disposed between the single-chamber container Bm and the third twin-chamber container Bd3 from the left, A heat insulating material 19 is disposed between the third double chamber-equipped container Bd3 from the left and the fourth double chamber-equipped container Bd4 from the left, and the fourth to eighth (right end) from the left. The twin-chamber equipped containers Bd4 to Bd8 are closely arranged with each other.
[0059]
  That is, in the state where a plurality of containers B are arranged side by side, the twin-chamber equipped container Bd2 that constitutes the reforming part R that is required to maintain the highest temperature is disposed at a substantially intermediate part in the juxtaposition direction, and the reforming part R The single-chamber equipped container Bm and the heat insulating material 19 constituting the heat-retaining flow passage 7 are arranged on one side of the twin-chamber equipped container Bd2 that constitutes the same. On both sides of the juxtaposed direction, containers B constituting each processing unit and the like are arranged so that the processing temperature becomes generally lower, and selective oxidation that requires cooling at the end of the juxtaposed direction is arranged. By arranging the twin-chamber equipped container Bd8 constituting the processing unit 6, the hydrogen-containing gas generation device P is configured to be compact and can suppress heat dissipation loss as much as possible. It is configured to be controllable to temperature.
[0060]
  The reforming apparatus A including the reforming unit R and the steam generation unit S will be described. On the one side of the flat-shaped combustion unit 4 of the reforming unit R, the flat reforming processing unit 3 is provided. The plate-shaped partition member 43 functioning as a heat transfer wall is closely arranged side by side in the thickness direction in the lateral direction, and on the other side of the combustion unit 4, a flat-shaped water vapor generating unit S is interposed via a heat insulating material 19. Are arranged side by side in the thickness direction in the lateral direction. Therefore, the reformer A is configured in a compact manner.
  In addition, by arranging and configuring in this way, a flat partition member 43 that suppresses heat radiation from the combustion unit 4 and causes the flat combustion unit 4 and the reforming processing unit 3 to function as heat transfer walls, respectively. The heat transfer area is widened by arranging closely in the thickness direction, and the heating efficiency is effectively improved by the heat radiation suppression from the combustion part 4 and the synergistic effect of heating in the wide heat transfer area. Has been.
[0061]
  Further, the heat transfer area is obtained by closely arranging the flat steam-generating heating flow-through portion 11 and the evaporation processing chamber 2 in the thickness direction via a flat partition member 43 that functions as a heat transfer wall. The heating efficiency is effectively improved.
[0062]
  In the reforming processing unit 3, when the natural gas mainly composed of methane gas is the raw fuel gas, the reforming reaction of methane gas and water vapor is performed by the following reaction formula under heating of about 700 to 750 ° C., for example. Then, the reforming process is performed to a gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas.
[0063]
[Chemical 1]
  CH_Four+ H₂O → CO + 3H₂
[0064]
  In the shift treatment unit 5, the carbon monoxide gas and water vapor in the reforming process gas undergo a shift reaction according to the following reaction formula at a reaction temperature of, for example, about 200 ° C., and the carbon monoxide gas is carbon dioxide. It is transformed into gas.
[0065]
[Chemical formula 2]
  CO + H₂O → CO₂+ H₂
[0066]
  In the selective oxidation treatment unit 6, the carbon monoxide gas remaining in the shift treatment gas is selectively oxidized at a reaction temperature of about 100 ° C. by the catalytic action of ruthenium.
[0067]
  1 and 2, the raw fuel gas supply path 21 is connected to the raw fuel gas flow passage 16 of the raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea as indicated by the white line arrows, and the raw fuel gas flow The flow part 16, the desulfurization process part 1, the to-be-reformed gas flow part 13 of the to-be-reformed gas heat exchanger Ep, the reforming process part 3, the heat-retaining flow part 7, and the to-be-reformed gas heat exchanger Ep. Gas treatment paths flowing in the order of the upstream reforming process gas flow part 12, the downstream reforming process gas flow part 15 of the raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea, each of the shift treatment parts 5, and the selective oxidation treatment part 6. They are connected by a gas processing channel 22 so as to form.
  A raw water preheating heat exchanger that preheats raw water flowing through the raw water supply passage 25 with the conversion gas in the gas processing flow path 22 that connects the last-stage shift treatment section 5 and the selective oxidation treatment section 6. 17 and a drain trap 34 for removing condensed water from the shift gas is provided at a location downstream of the raw water preheat heat exchanger 17 to exchange heat between the shift gas and the raw water. Thus, the raw water is preheated and the shift gas is cooled.
[0068]
  Since the temperature of the shift gas discharged from the shift treatment unit 5 is about 200 ° C., and the reaction temperature in the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is about 100 ° C., in the heat exchanger 17 for raw water preheating, the shift is performed. The processing gas is cooled to a temperature close to the reaction temperature in the selective oxidation processing unit 6, and the amount of heat recovered by the cooling is used for preheating the raw material water.
[0069]
  Then, the raw fuel gas supplied from the raw fuel gas supply path 21 is desulfurized in the desulfurization processing unit 1, and the desulfurized raw fuel gas is mixed with water vapor from a water vapor path 26 described later, so that the reforming processing unit 3. The reforming treatment gas is sequentially supplied to the four-stage shift treatment section 5, the carbon monoxide gas is transformed into carbon dioxide gas, and the shift treatment gas is selectively oxidized. 6 to selectively oxidize carbon monoxide gas.
[0070]
  The selective oxidation treatment gas discharged from the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is supplied as fuel gas to the fuel cell G through the fuel gas passage 23, and the exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell G is modified through the exhaust fuel gas passage 24. It is supplied to one first nozzle pipe N1 of the quality burner 4b.
  Note that the temperature of the selective oxidation treatment gas discharged from the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is about 110 ° C., and the operating temperature of the polymer fuel cell G is about 80 ° C. A fuel gas cooling heat exchanger 33 for cooling the selective oxidation treatment gas discharged from the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 to near the operating temperature of the fuel cell G is provided.
[0071]
  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a raw water supply path 25 for supplying raw water for steam generation is connected to the evaporation processing chamber 2 of the steam generation section S and generated in the evaporation processing chamber 2 as indicated by solid arrows. The steam passage 26 for delivering the steam is connected to a gas processing flow path 22 that connects the desulfurization processing section 1 and the reformed gas flow section 13 and desulfurization flows through the gas processing flow path 22. The reforming steam is mixed with the raw fuel gas.
[0072]
  A raw material water preheating heat exchanger 17 is provided in the middle of the raw material water supply path 25, and further, raw water is supplied to a downstream side of the raw material water preheating heat exchanger 17 in the raw material water supply path 25. A meandering flow portion 18 that flows in a meandering manner is provided. The meandering flow portion 18 is provided so as to be capable of conducting heat to a portion of the outer wall portion of the steam generating device P that covers the combustion portion 4 of the reforming portion R, and the outer wall of the hydrogen-containing gas generating device P. The raw material water flowing through the meandering flow passage 18 is preheated by conduction heat and radiation heat from the portion.
  And the raw material water supplied to the water vapor | steam production | generation part S is preheated by the heat exchanger 17 for raw material water preheating, and the meandering flow part 18. FIG.
[0073]
  1 and 2, the combustion gas exhausted from the combustion section 4 of the reforming section R is converted into the steam generation heating flow section 11 and the shift section cooling flow section 8 in this order, as indicated by broken line arrows. The combustion section 4, the steam generation heating flow section 11, and the metamorphic section cooling flow section 8 are connected by a combustion gas passage 27 so as to flow. In the steam generation heating flow-through portion 11, the evaporation processing chamber 2 is heated by the combustion gas, and in the shift-flow cooling flow-through portion 8, a shift treatment in which a shift reaction that is an exothermic reaction is performed by the combustion gas. The part 5 is configured to be cooled.
  The temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the steam generating heating flow passage 11 is about 120 ° C., and the combustion gas flows through the shift cooling portion 8 and cools the shift treatment portion 5. Since the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the metamorphic section cooling flow section 8 has risen to about 150 ° C., an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger (not shown) is provided to recover the exhaust heat from the combustion gas. , Produce steam and warm water.
[0074]
  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, as indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow, the air from the combustion blower 28 is used as the combustion air, and the reforming section R is reformed after flowing through the metamorphic section cooling flow section 9. The combustion blower 28 and the metamorphic portion cooling flow passage 9 are connected by a combustion air passage 29 so as to be supplied to the second nozzle pipe N2 of the quality burner 4b. Further, a combustion air bypass passage 30 is connected to the combustion air passage 29 so that the combustion air is diverted through the metamorphic portion cooling passage 9 to oxidize the air from the combustion blower 28. An oxidation air supply path 31 connected to the combustion blower 28 is connected to the selective oxidation treatment section 6 as air, and a gas treatment flow path connecting the last-stage shift treatment section 5 and the selective oxidation treatment section 6. 22 is connected.
[0075]
  A state in which combustion air is supplied to the second nozzle pipe N2 of the reforming burner 4b through the shift section cooling flow section 9 and the bypass section cooling flow section 9 is bypassed. On-off valves 35 and 36 are provided in order to switch to a state of supplying through the combustion air bypass passage 30. Normally, the on-off valves 35 and 36 are switched so that combustion air flows through the combustion air bypass passage 30. However, when the cooling capacity of the shift treatment unit 5 is insufficient, for example, in summer When the air temperature is high, the on-off valves 35 and 36 are in a state in which the combustion air flows through the metamorphic portion cooling flow passage 9.UAnd the metamorphic treatment unit 5 is cooled by the combustion air.
[0076]
  Next, the control configuration of the hydrogen-containing gas generator P will be described.
  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw fuel gas supply path 21 is provided with a raw fuel supply amount adjustment valve 37 for adjusting the raw fuel gas supply amount, and the reforming unit R has a reforming unit 3 for reforming. A temperature sensor 38 for detecting the processing temperature is provided, and a control unit 39 for controlling the operations of the raw fuel supply amount adjustment valve 37, the reaction blower 14, the combustion blower 28, and the igniter 4i is provided.
[0077]
  Hereinafter, the control operation of the control unit 39 will be described.
  When there is an operation start command from the operation unit (not shown), the control unit 39 operates the combustion blower 28 to supply the combustion air to the second nozzle pipe N2 and the starting gas fuel supply path 50. To 13A or the like is supplied to the second nozzle tube N2 of the burner 4b in the combustion section 4 and the mixed gas is ejected from the second ejection hole a2 of the second nozzle tube N2. . Then, the igniter 4i is operated, the burner 4b is ignited, and the air-fuel mixture ejected from the second ejection hole a2 is subjected to the original mixed combustion, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 is preset to a predetermined temperature at which the reforming process can be performed. When the temperature reaches or exceeds the target temperature, the raw fuel supply amount adjustment valve 37 is opened to start the reforming process of the raw fuel gas in the reforming processing unit 3, and the reaction blower 14 is operated to operate the fuel cell. G power generation starts.
[0078]
  When exhaust fuel gas is discharged from the fuel cell G and the raw fuel gas can be reformed by the combustion heat of the exhaust fuel gas, the startup gas fuel supply from the startup gas fuel supply path 50 is performed. Is stopped, the entire amount of the exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell G is received in the first nozzle tube N of the burner 4b and burned in the combustion section 4, and the raw heat is generated in the reforming processing section 3 by the combustion heat. The gas is reformed.
[0079]
  Then, based on the detected value of the current measuring device 40 that detects the output current from the fuel cell G as the electric load for the fuel cell G, the amount of raw fuel gas supplied to the reforming processing unit 3 is the electric load of the fuel cell G. The raw fuel supply amount adjustment valve 37 is controlled so as to be an amount corresponding to the fuel cell G, and the reaction blower 14 is set so that the reaction air supply amount to the fuel cell G becomes an amount corresponding to the electric load of the fuel cell G. The combustion blower 28 is controlled so that the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 38 becomes the target temperature, and the amount of combustion air supplied to the second nozzle pipe N2 of the burner 4b, that is, the combustion section 4 is controlled. Adjust.
  That is, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 becomes higher than the target temperature, the combustion air supply amount is increased and adjusted so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 becomes the target temperature. When the temperature becomes lower than the target temperature, the combustion air supply amount is decreased and adjusted so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 becomes the target temperature.
[0080]
  Since the combustion unit 4 includes the flame combustion unit 4F and the catalyst combustion unit 4C as described above, the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 38 is higher than the target temperature because the reduction rate of the electric load is large. And the increase rate of the combustion air supply amount is increased, and the increase in the combustion air supply amount is adjusted to be excessive with respect to the exhaust fuel gas reception amount. Even if the fire extinguishes and misfires, the exhaust fuel gas is combusted by the combustion catalyst 4c that is heated in a reactable state, so that stable combustion of the received exhaust fuel gas can be continued.
  Thereafter, as the reforming process temperature decreases due to the increase adjustment of the combustion air supply amount, and the combustion air supply amount is adjusted to decrease, the combustion heat generated by the exhaust fuel gas burns in the catalyst combustion unit 4C. Then, the flammable combustion part 4F is ignited, and the exhaust fuel gas is combusted again in the flammable combustion part 4F.
[0081]
  Further, since the increase rate of the electric load is large, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 is lower than the target temperature, the decrease rate of the combustion air supply amount is increased, and the decrease amount of the combustion air supply amount is increased. As a result, even if the flammable combustion section 4F undergoes incomplete combustion, the unburned portion of the exhaust fuel gas is combusted by the combustion catalyst 4c that is heated in a reactable state. Can be stably burned.
  Thereafter, as the reforming temperature rises due to the decrease adjustment of the combustion air supply amount and the combustion air supply amount is increased and adjusted, the flammable combustion section 4F returns to the complete combustion state.
  However, even if the supply amount of combustion air is decreased and adjusted so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 38 becomes the target temperature, the amount of combustion air necessary for burning the entire amount of the received exhaust fuel gas will be lower. For example, the adjustment range of the combustion air supply amount is set in advance according to the electric load or the like.
[0082]
  [Another embodiment]
  In the above embodiment, the burner 4b of the reformer A is shown as the burner. However, as the burner, fuel gas other than the exhaust fuel gas is supplied to the first nozzle pipe N1, and the second nozzle pipe N is used for combustion. Even if it was designed to supply airgood.
[0083]
  In the above embodiment, the burner including two nozzle tubes N1 and N2 is shown, but a burner including three or more nozzle tubes may be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a hydrogen-containing gas generation apparatus provided with a reformer for a fuel cell according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of a hydrogen-containing gas generation device equipped with a fuel cell reformer according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the reforming section.
[Fig. 4] A longitudinal front view of the combustion section of the reforming section
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a twin-chamber container that constitutes a hydrogen-containing gas generator
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a single-chamber container that constitutes the hydrogen-containing gas generator.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the burner.
Fig. 8 Cross section of burner
[Explanation of symbols]
  N1 first nozzle tube
  N2 second nozzle tube
  a1 First ejection hole
  a2 Second ejection hole
  G Fuel cell
  3 Modification processing section
  4b burner

Claims (7)

A first nozzle pipe having a first ejection hole for ejecting fuel gas;
A second nozzle pipe having a second ejection hole for ejecting the combustion-containing oxygen-containing gas to the fuel gas;
The two second ejection holes arranged in parallel with the position of the single first ejection hole along the tube axis direction of the second nozzle pipe are associated with the single first ejection hole. And
A burner in which a gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole is set in a direction in contact with an outer diameter of the first nozzle tube and toward a region immediately after the gas ejection of the associated first ejection hole. In the associated first ejection hole and second ejection hole,
The burner according to claim 1, wherein the gas ejection direction of the first ejection hole and the gas ejection direction of the second ejection hole are set so as to intersect at an acute angle. The first nozzle tube and the second nozzle tube are made of a tube material having the same diameter,
Gas injection direction of the second ejection hole, claim are set in a direction at an angle of 30 ° to the plane 1 including the tube axis of the second nozzle tube and the tube axis of the first nozzle tube Or the burner of 2 . Gas injection direction of the first ejection hole, claim are set in a direction forming an angle of 90 ° to the plane 1 including the tube axis of the second nozzle tube and the tube axis of the first nozzle tube 4. The burner according to any one of items 1 to 3 . The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the fuel gas is a hydrogen-containing gas. Provided for heating of the reforming unit for generating hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the fuel cell by reforming of the raw fuel gas,
The burner according to claim 5 , wherein the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the fuel cell is supplied to the first nozzle pipe. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a mixed gas containing a second fuel gas having a combustion speed lower than that of the fuel gas and oxygen is supplied to the second nozzle pipe as the oxygen-containing gas. Burner according to item.

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