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JP3881111B2 - Method for producing high density spinel type LiMn2O4 - Google Patents
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JP3881111B2 - Method for producing high density spinel type LiMn2O4 - Google Patents

Method for producing high density spinel type LiMn2O4 Download PDF

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JP3881111B2
JP3881111B2 JP22851598A JP22851598A JP3881111B2 JP 3881111 B2 JP3881111 B2 JP 3881111B2 JP 22851598 A JP22851598 A JP 22851598A JP 22851598 A JP22851598 A JP 22851598A JP 3881111 B2 JP3881111 B2 JP 3881111B2
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powder
limn
aqueous solution
spinel
water
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JP2000044246A (en
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恒 高橋
毅 外村
裕樹 橋場
賢哉 大谷
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日本電工株式会社
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する利用分野】
本発明は、スピネル型 LiMn2O4の製造方法に関し、特に、リチウム二次電池用正極材として好適に用いられる高密度スピネル型 LiMn2O4の製造方法についての提案である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
LiMn2O4は、スピネルタイプのマンガン化合物であり、資源量が豊富で価格面からも有利なマンガン化合物を原料とするので、高電圧・高エネルギー密度型のリチウム二次電池用正極材であるLiCoO2の代替材料として、最近注目を浴びている。
【0003】
このようなスピネルタイプの LiMn2O4は、従来、リチウム塩とマンガン塩,例えば炭酸リチウムとMn2O3 や炭酸リチウムと炭酸マンガンを、1:2の原子比で乾式混合し、得られた混合粉を酸化性雰囲気中で焼成することにより合成されている。
しかし、かかる従来の LiMn2O4製造プロセスでは、乾式の混合を固体−固体間で行わせることから、原子あるいは分子レベルでのミクロ的な均一混合が不可能である。従って、結晶構造が不安定となりやすく欠陥が生じやすいという欠点があった。つまり、この技術では、充分な充放電サイクル特性を有する材料を期待することはできない。
【0004】
これに対し、出願人は先に、水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンを水に溶解することによって得られる混合水溶液中に、金属イオンを含まない非イオン水溶性高分子をカチオン担持体として添加し、その後、前記混合水溶液の水分を加熱除去することによって結晶性スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を直接的に合成する方法を提案した(特開平8−208231公報、WO96/22943 公報参照)。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
出願人が先に提案した上記合成方法によれば、高結晶質のスピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を得ることができ、これをリチウム二次電池の正極材として用いると、サイクル寿命が長く、かつ、放電容量の大きな二次電池を製造することができる。しかしながら、この合成方法によって得られた LiMn2O4は、見掛け密度が 0.1g/ccと極端に低く、合成反応後に高温(約 700〜800 ℃)で再焼成しても、見掛け密度は 0.5g/cc程度、タップ密度では 1.2g/cc程度、圧縮密度でも 2.1g/cc程度にしかならず、これを二次電池の正極として実装した場合、正極板への充填密度が小さくなるという課題が依然として残っていた。
【0006】
本発明は、上述した従来技術の課題を解決するためになされたものであり、その主たる目的は、充填性および電池特性に優れるスピネル型 LiMn2O4を提供することにある。具体的には、嵩密度を大きくして電池の正極への充填密度を向上させることにより、初期放電容量やサイクル寿命を低下させることなく、二次電池の体積容量を向上させることにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者らは、上掲の目的の実現に向け鋭意研究を行った。その結果、水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンとの混合水溶液に、カチオン担持体を添加して加熱して得られる高結晶質のスピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を圧密,塊成化する際に、B2O3を微量添加し、その後、粉砕,焼成すれば、スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末の充填性を改善できることを見出し、本発明に想到したのである。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンとの混合水溶液中に、金属イオンを含まない非水溶性高分子をカチオン担持体として添加し、前記混合水溶液の水分を加熱除去することによって結晶質スピネル型LiMn2O4粉末を合成し、次いで、該結晶質スピネル型LiMn2O4粉末に濃度が 10wt %以下の H 3 BO 3 水溶液を外枠量で 3 10wt %添加した後、又は添加しつつ、該粉末に応力を付与して圧縮、塊成化し、得られた圧縮、塊成化物を粉砕・顆粒化させ、該顆粒化した粉体を焼成することを特徴とするスピネル型LiMn2O4 粉体の製造方法である。
【0009】
なお、圧密, 塊成化する方法は、ローラコンパクタのような圧縮応力を与えて圧密化する方法、または前記粉末に必要により水分を供給しながら強制撹拌して塊状もしくは粒状化して密度向上する方法、またはこれらの組み合わせにより達成することが好ましい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明方法の基本は、水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンの混合水溶液中に、金属イオンを含まない非イオン水溶性高分子をカチオン担持体として添加し、加熱脱水して結晶質スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を合成し、これを圧密, 塊成化するとともに、B2O3を微量添加した状態で焼成するところにある。
【0011】
これにより、B2O3を添加することで、焼結が促進されて結晶性が向上し、かつ一次粒子どうしが強固に焼結して二次粒子の緻密化が進む。その結果、焼成時間を大幅に短縮でき、充填性および電池特性に優れた結晶質スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を提供することができる。
【0012】
本発明において、圧密, 塊成化の処理方法としては、
▲1▼ 二次元、三次元の圧力を加えて圧縮高密度化する方法、例えば、LiMn2O4 粉末をローラーまたは密閉容器内で加圧する方法、
▲2▼ 振動によって高密度化する方法、例えば、該LiMn2O4 粉末に超音波振動等を付加する方法、
▲3▼ 該LiMn2O4 粉末を、高速回転する撹拌器のような装置にて高速撹拌しながら応力を与えて塊成化もしくは粒状化する方法、
▲4▼ 該LiMn2O4 粉末に、メカニカルアロイングによる粉体剪断応力以上のパワーを与えて高密度・塊成化する方法、
▲5▼ 上記▲1▼〜▲4▼の方法の組み合わせにかかる方法、
などが採用される。
なお、本発明の圧密・塊成化処理方法としては、スプレードライヤーのように、粉体に対して何ら応力をかけないで密度を向上させる、いわゆる造粒のみでの高密度化方法などは含まない。ただし、その造粒と上記方法の組み合わせは何等妨げられるものではない。
【0013】
ここで、B2O3を選択した理由は、B2O3は低融点(450℃)であり、LiMn2O4 と反応しにくく、焼結助剤として好適であると考えたからである。
また、B2O3を添加する手段として、本発明では、濃度が10wt%以下の H3BO3水溶液を合成粉に対して外枠量で3〜15wt%添加する方法が採用される。この理由は、 H3BO3水溶液の濃度が10wt%超では、溶液粘度が高く、粉体に均一に混ぜることが困難であり、一方、 H3BO3水溶液の添加量が3wt%未満では粉体全体に行き渡らず、15wt%を超えると乾燥時に H3BO3の偏析が生じるためである。
【0014】
次に、本発明方法について各工程別に詳細を説明する。
本発明の方法は、まず、水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンの混合水溶液中に、金属イオンを含まない非イオン水溶性高分子をカチオン担持体として添加して加熱する。
ここで、金属イオンを含まない非イオン水溶性高分子を、カチオン担持体として用いる理由は、高分子に存在する金属イオンが LiMn2O4の構造中に入り結晶構造欠陥を形成する、あるいは不純物として残留し、電池特性を損なうおそれがあるからである。
【0015】
まず、このような処理を行うことにより、混合水溶液中のリチウムイオンとマンガンイオンはともに、水分の蒸発に伴い、カチオン担持体に固定されて反応しやすい均一な状態となる一方で、硝酸イオンはカチオン担持体と加熱反応してニトロ化合物を生成する。その結果、上記加熱を続けると、上記ニトロ化合物が分解燃焼し、その熱エネルギーによってLiイオンとMnイオンが反応して容易に LiMn2O4を合成することが可能になる。
従って、このような方法によれば、LiMn2O4 の合成が従来よりも低温度で可能となり、ひいては、比表面積の大きな結晶質スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を、欠陥を生じることなく安定して製造することができる。
【0016】
次に、このようにして得られたLiMn2O4 粉末は、見掛け嵩密度が 0.1g/cc以下である。つまり、このようなLiMn2O4 粉末を高温で焼成したとしても、見掛け嵩密度はせいぜい 0.5g/cc程度にしかならない。そこで、本発明では、このような合成方法によって得られた LiMn2O4粉末にB2O3を微量添加して圧密, 塊成化処理を施こしたのち、粉砕(顆粒化処理)し、その後、焼成することにした。
【0017】
その圧密, 塊成化の方法は、上述したとおりであるが、特に、ローラコンパクタのように圧縮して圧密化するタイプの装置、または攪拌器により強制撹拌して前記粉末に応力を与えることにより、塊成化による高密度化方法が好ましい。
なお、上記圧密, 塊成化処理は、HIPのような容器中で加熱しながら加圧する方法によっても行うことができる。
【0018】
その粉砕(顆粒化処理)の方法は、ペレタイザ、スプレードライヤのような一般的な造粒装置を用いずに、ディスクミルまたは解砕機のような装置を用いて上記圧密, 塊成化物を微粒子状に磨耗・顆粒化させることが好ましい。
【0019】
また、結晶質スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を圧密, 塊成化した後、顆粒化する前に、前記圧密, 塊成化物を特定粒径以下, 即ち60mesh(250 μm) 以下の粉末を分級して除去し、サイズ(粒径)の大きくなったもののみを顆粒化工程に移行し、サイズの小さいものは再び圧密, 塊成化処理工程にまわすことができる。ただし、この方法に限られることはない。
【0020】
なお、圧密, 塊成化に先立ち、前処理としての解砕処理および/または水分の添加は必要に応じて行うものとし、さらに圧密, 塊成化処理に際しては、バインダーを添加してもよい。
【0021】
上記方法にて顆粒化処理した粉末は、その後、 700〜800 ℃の温度にて焼成され、結晶欠陥のない高結晶質で高密度のスピネル型LiMn2O4 粉末となる。従来の方法では、 750℃×5時間程度の焼成が必要であったが、本発明では、B2O3を微量添加した状態で焼成するので、 750℃×1時間程度で焼結が終了し、焼成時間を大幅に短縮することができる。
【0022】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
まず、LiNO3 1mol とMn(NO3)2・6H2O 0.2molを純水200 mlに溶かし、混合水溶液とした。この混合水溶液を加熱し、カチオン担持体としてPVAを8g添加した。その後、加熱を継続し、ある程度の水分を蒸発させた後、150 ℃の乾燥器に移し、24時間加熱乾燥した。その結果、黒色粉末が得られ、X線回折による同定を行ったところ、LiMn2O4 スピネル単一相であることが確認できた。
次に、得られたスピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末に、 0.1〜1.0 wt%の範囲で濃度を変えた H3BO3水溶液を外枠で10wt%添加した後、ローラコンパクタで複数回の圧密, 塊成化処理を行い、その後、ディスクミルでミクロンオーダの球状 (丸みをおびた) 微粒子とし、750 ℃で1時間の焼成を行って本発明品を得た。
【0023】
(比較例1)
比較材として、 H3BO3水溶液を添加せずに、水のみを外枠で10wt%添加し、上述の塊成化処理,粉砕を行い、750 ℃×5時間で焼成し、従来品を得た。
【0024】
このようにして得られた本発明品と従来品の特性を表1に示す。
表1に示すように、本発明方法に従って処理したものは、タップ密度と圧縮密度が共に向上しているのがわかる。その結果、体積容量が330mAh/cm3 程度にまで向上しており、二次電池の正極材として充分な性能をもっていることが確認された。
なお、本発明品は、従来品と比較して、初期放電容量の低下は認められなかった。しかし、濃度が 0.5%超ではサイクル寿命が低下しており、これは一次粒子が異常成長したためと考えられる。これについては、焼成条件を最適化することでサイクル寿命の劣化を抑えることができる。
【0025】
【表1】

Figure 0003881111
【0026】
また、本発明品と従来品のX線回析を行った結果を図1および図2に示す。図1および図2に示すX線回析チャートから明らかなように、B2O3の添加により、ピークがシャープになって高角側でKα1 とKα2 によるスプリット(割れ)が出現し、スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末の結晶性が向上していることが確認できた。
【0027】
さらに、本発明品と従来品の二次粒子表面を電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した結果を、図3および図4の写真に示す。図3および図4に示す写真から明らかなように、B2O3の添加により、一次粒子径が大きくなって角張っていることから、結晶が成長していることがわかった。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、B2O3を添加することで、焼結が促進されて結晶性が向上し、かつ一次粒子どうしが強固に焼結して二次粒子の緻密化が進む結果、焼成時間を大幅に短縮でき、充填性および電池特性に優れた結晶質スピネル型 LiMn2O4粉末を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1で得られたスピネル型 LiMn2O4のX線回折チャート図である。
【図2】比較例1で得られたスピネル型 LiMn2O4のX線回折チャート図である。
【図3】実施例1で得られたスピネル型 LiMn2O4の写真である。
【図4】比較例1で得られたスピネル型 LiMn2O4の写真である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 , and in particular, is a proposal for a method for producing high-density spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 that is suitably used as a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
LiMn 2 O 4 is a spinel-type manganese compound, and it is a high-voltage, high-energy-density positive electrode material for lithium secondary batteries because it uses an abundant amount of resources and is advantageous in terms of price. as an alternative material of LiCoO 2, it has attracted attention recently.
[0003]
Such spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 has been conventionally obtained by dry-mixing lithium salt and manganese salt, for example, lithium carbonate and Mn 2 O 3 or lithium carbonate and manganese carbonate at an atomic ratio of 1: 2. It is synthesized by firing the mixed powder in an oxidizing atmosphere.
However, in such a conventional LiMn 2 O 4 production process, since dry mixing is performed between solid and solid, microscopic uniform mixing at the atomic or molecular level is impossible. Therefore, there is a drawback that the crystal structure is likely to be unstable and defects are likely to occur. That is, with this technique, a material having sufficient charge / discharge cycle characteristics cannot be expected.
[0004]
On the other hand, the applicant first added a nonionic water-soluble polymer containing no metal ions as a cation support in a mixed aqueous solution obtained by dissolving a water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate in water, Thereafter, a method of directly synthesizing crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder by heating and removing water from the mixed aqueous solution was proposed (see JP-A-8-208231 and WO96 / 22943).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the above-mentioned synthesis method previously proposed by the applicant, a highly crystalline spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 powder can be obtained, and when this is used as a positive electrode material of a lithium secondary battery, the cycle life is long, and A secondary battery having a large discharge capacity can be manufactured. However, LiMn 2 O 4 obtained by this synthesis method has an extremely low apparent density of 0.1 g / cc, and even if it is refired at a high temperature (about 700 to 800 ° C.) after the synthesis reaction, the apparent density is 0.5 g. / Cc, tap density is about 1.2g / cc, compression density is only about 2.1g / cc, and when this is mounted as the positive electrode of a secondary battery, the problem that the packing density of the positive electrode plate becomes small remains. It was.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and a main object thereof is to provide a spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 having excellent filling properties and battery characteristics. Specifically, the volume capacity of the secondary battery is improved without increasing the initial discharge capacity and cycle life by increasing the bulk density and improving the packing density of the battery in the positive electrode.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors have intensively studied to realize the above-mentioned purpose. As a result, when compacting and agglomerating the highly crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder obtained by adding a cation carrier to a mixed aqueous solution of water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate and heating it, The inventors have found that the filling properties of spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 powder can be improved by adding a small amount of 2 O 3 followed by pulverization and firing, and have arrived at the present invention.
[0008]
That is, the present invention adds a water-insoluble polymer not containing metal ions as a cation support to a mixed aqueous solution of a water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate, and heats and removes water from the mixed aqueous solution. synthesizing the quality spinel LiMn 2 O 4 powder, then, after the concentration in the crystalline spinel LiMn 2 O 4 powder was added 3 ~ 10 wt% of to 10wt% of H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution outside frame amount, or Applying stress to the powder while adding, compressing and agglomerating, pulverizing and granulating the resulting compression, agglomerated product, and firing the granulated powder This is a method for producing 2 O 4 powder .
[0009]
The method of compaction and agglomeration is a method of compacting by applying compressive stress like a roller compactor, or a method of increasing the density by forcibly stirring and agglomerating or granulating the powder while supplying moisture as necessary. Or a combination thereof.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The basis of the method of the present invention is that a nonionic water-soluble polymer that does not contain metal ions is added as a cation carrier in a mixed aqueous solution of a water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate, heated and dehydrated, and crystalline spinel type LiMn 2 O Four powders are synthesized, consolidated and agglomerated, and fired with a small amount of B 2 O 3 added.
[0011]
Thereby, by adding B 2 O 3 , the sintering is promoted to improve the crystallinity, and the primary particles are strongly sintered and the secondary particles are densified. As a result, it is possible to provide a crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder that can greatly shorten the firing time and is excellent in filling properties and battery characteristics.
[0012]
In the present invention, the processing method for consolidation and agglomeration is as follows:
(1) A method of compressing and densifying by applying a two-dimensional or three-dimensional pressure, for example, a method of pressurizing LiMn 2 O 4 powder in a roller or a closed container,
(2) A method of increasing the density by vibration, for example, a method of adding ultrasonic vibration to the LiMn 2 O 4 powder,
(3) A method of agglomerating or granulating the LiMn 2 O 4 powder by applying stress while stirring at high speed with an apparatus such as a stirrer that rotates at high speed,
(4) High density and agglomeration by applying power above the powder shear stress by mechanical alloying to the LiMn 2 O 4 powder,
(5) A method according to a combination of the above methods (1) to (4),
Etc. are adopted.
In addition, the consolidation / agglomeration method of the present invention includes a so-called densification method using only granulation that improves the density without applying any stress to the powder, such as a spray dryer. Absent. However, the combination of the granulation and the above method is not impeded at all.
[0013]
Here, the reason for selecting B 2 O 3 is that B 2 O 3 has a low melting point (450 ° C.), hardly reacts with LiMn 2 O 4, and is considered suitable as a sintering aid.
As a means for adding B 2 O 3 , the present invention employs a method of adding 3 to 15 wt% of an H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution having a concentration of 10 wt% or less to the synthetic powder in an outer frame amount. The reason for this is that when the concentration of the H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution exceeds 10 wt%, the solution viscosity is high and it is difficult to mix uniformly with the powder, whereas when the amount of the H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution added is less than 3 wt%, the powder This is because when it exceeds 15 wt% without spreading throughout the body, segregation of H 3 BO 3 occurs during drying.
[0014]
Next, details of the method of the present invention will be described for each step.
In the method of the present invention, first, a nonionic water-soluble polymer containing no metal ions is added as a cation carrier to a mixed aqueous solution of a water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate and heated.
Here, the reason for using a nonionic water-soluble polymer that does not contain metal ions as a cation carrier is that metal ions present in the polymer enter the structure of LiMn 2 O 4 to form crystal structure defects, or impurities As a result, the battery characteristics may be impaired.
[0015]
First, by performing such a treatment, both lithium ions and manganese ions in the mixed aqueous solution are fixed to the cation carrier and easily react with evaporation of moisture, while nitrate ions are A nitro compound is produced by heating reaction with a cation support. As a result, when the heating is continued, the nitro compound decomposes and burns, and Li ions and Mn ions react with the heat energy, and LiMn 2 O 4 can be easily synthesized.
Therefore, according to such a method, synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 can be performed at a lower temperature than before, and as a result, crystalline spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 powder having a large specific surface area can be stabilized without causing defects. Can be manufactured.
[0016]
Next, the LiMn 2 O 4 powder thus obtained has an apparent bulk density of 0.1 g / cc or less. That is, even if such LiMn 2 O 4 powder is fired at a high temperature, the apparent bulk density is at most about 0.5 g / cc. Therefore, in the present invention, a small amount of B 2 O 3 is added to the LiMn 2 O 4 powder obtained by such a synthesis method, subjected to compaction and agglomeration treatment, and then pulverized (granulated). Then, it decided to bake.
[0017]
The method of compaction and agglomeration is as described above. In particular, by compressing and compacting, such as a roller compactor, or by forcibly stirring with a stirrer, stress is applied to the powder. A densification method by agglomeration is preferable.
The consolidation and agglomeration treatment can also be performed by a method of applying pressure while heating in a container such as HIP.
[0018]
The pulverization (granulation process) is performed by using a device such as a disk mill or a pulverizer without using a general granulator such as a pelletizer or spray dryer. It is preferable to wear and granulate.
[0019]
In addition, after compacting and agglomerating the crystalline spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 powder and before granulating, the compacted and agglomerated product is classified into a powder having a particle size of less than a specific particle size, that is, 60 mesh (250 μm) or less. Only those having a larger size (particle size) are transferred to the granulation process, and those having a smaller size can be sent to the consolidation and agglomeration process again. However, it is not limited to this method.
[0020]
Prior to compaction and agglomeration, the crushing treatment as a pretreatment and / or the addition of moisture are performed as necessary, and a binder may be added during the consolidation and agglomeration treatment.
[0021]
The powder granulated by the above method is then fired at a temperature of 700 to 800 ° C. to become a highly crystalline, high-density spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder having no crystal defects. In the conventional method, firing at about 750 ° C. for about 5 hours is required. However, in the present invention, since baking is performed with a small amount of B 2 O 3 added, sintering is completed at about 750 ° C. for about 1 hour. The firing time can be greatly shortened.
[0022]
【Example】
Example 1
First, 1 mol of LiNO 3 and 0.2 mol of Mn (NO 3 ) 2 · 6H 2 O were dissolved in 200 ml of pure water to obtain a mixed aqueous solution. This mixed aqueous solution was heated, and 8 g of PVA was added as a cation support. Thereafter, heating was continued to evaporate a certain amount of water, and then the mixture was transferred to a dryer at 150 ° C. and dried by heating for 24 hours. As a result, a black powder was obtained, and identification by X-ray diffraction confirmed that it was a LiMn 2 O 4 spinel single phase.
Next, to the obtained spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder, 10 wt% of an H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution having a concentration changed in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 wt% was added in the outer frame, and then compacted several times with a roller compactor. The agglomeration treatment was carried out, and then the particles were made into micron-order spherical (rounded) fine particles with a disk mill and baked at 750 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain the product of the present invention.
[0023]
(Comparative Example 1)
As a comparative material, without adding the H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution, add only 10 wt% of water in the outer frame, perform the above-mentioned agglomeration treatment and pulverization, and calcinate at 750 ° C x 5 hours to obtain a conventional product It was.
[0024]
Table 1 shows the characteristics of the product of the present invention and the conventional product thus obtained.
As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that those treated according to the method of the present invention have both improved tap density and compression density. As a result, the volume capacity was improved to about 330 mAh / cm 3 , and it was confirmed that it had sufficient performance as a positive electrode material for secondary batteries.
The product of the present invention did not show a decrease in initial discharge capacity compared to the conventional product. However, when the concentration exceeds 0.5%, the cycle life decreases, which is considered to be due to abnormal growth of primary particles. About this, deterioration of cycle life can be suppressed by optimizing the firing conditions.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003881111
[0026]
The results of X-ray diffraction of the product of the present invention and the conventional product are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. As is apparent from the X-ray diffraction charts shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the addition of B 2 O 3 sharpens the peak and causes splitting (cracking) due to Kα 1 and Kα 2 on the high angle side, resulting in spinel. It was confirmed that the crystallinity of the type LiMn 2 O 4 powder was improved.
[0027]
Furthermore, the result of having observed the secondary particle surface of this invention product and the conventional product with the electron microscope (SEM) is shown to the photograph of FIG. 3 and FIG. As is apparent from the photographs shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the addition of B 2 O 3 increased the primary particle diameter and became angular, indicating that crystals were growing.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by adding B 2 O 3 , the sintering is promoted to improve the crystallinity, and the primary particles are strongly sintered and the secondary particles are densified. As a result, it is possible to provide a crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder that can significantly reduce the firing time and is excellent in filling properties and battery characteristics.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is an X-ray diffraction chart of spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 obtained in Example 1. FIG.
2 is an X-ray diffraction chart of spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 obtained in Comparative Example 1. FIG.
3 is a photograph of spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 obtained in Example 1. FIG.
4 is a photograph of spinel type LiMn 2 O 4 obtained in Comparative Example 1. FIG.

Claims (1)

水溶性リチウム塩と硝酸マンガンとの混合水溶液中に、金属イオンを含まない非水溶性高分子をカチオン担持体として添加し、前記混合水溶液の水分を加熱除去することによって結晶質スピネル型LiMn2O4粉末を合成し、次いで、該結晶質スピネル型LiMn2O4粉末に濃度が 10wt %以下の H 3 BO 3 水溶液を外枠量で 3 10wt %添加した後、又は添加しつつ、該粉末に応力を付与して圧縮、塊成化し、得られた圧縮、塊成化物を粉砕・顆粒化させ、該顆粒化した粉体を焼成することを特徴とするスピネル型LiMn2O4 粉体の製造方法。In a mixed aqueous solution of water-soluble lithium salt and manganese nitrate, a water-insoluble polymer containing no metal ions is added as a cation carrier, and the water in the mixed aqueous solution is removed by heating to remove crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O. 4 powder was synthesized, and then the powder was added or added to the crystalline spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder after adding or adding 3 to 10 wt % of an H 3 BO 3 aqueous solution having a concentration of 10 wt % or less. The spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 powder is characterized in that it is compressed and agglomerated by applying stress to the obtained compression, agglomerated product is pulverized and granulated, and the granulated powder is fired. Production method.
JP22851598A 1998-07-30 1998-07-30 Method for producing high density spinel type LiMn2O4 Expired - Fee Related JP3881111B2 (en)

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