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JP3887537B2 - Acoustoelectric converter - Google Patents
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JP3887537B2 - Acoustoelectric converter - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3887537B2
JP3887537B2 JP2000387888A JP2000387888A JP3887537B2 JP 3887537 B2 JP3887537 B2 JP 3887537B2 JP 2000387888 A JP2000387888 A JP 2000387888A JP 2000387888 A JP2000387888 A JP 2000387888A JP 3887537 B2 JP3887537 B2 JP 3887537B2
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Prior art keywords
light
diaphragm
emitting element
receiving element
acoustoelectric
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000387888A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002191096A (en
Inventor
興弘 小林
良雄 坂本
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Kenwood KK
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Kenwood KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はマイクロホン装置などの音響電気変換装置に係り、特に音響による振動板の振動変位を光の受光量の変化に対応する電気信号に変換して検出する音響電気変換装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来技術におけるマイクロホン音声変換方式はコンデンサー及びダイナミック方式が中心として実用されている。
コンデンサー方式は静電容量の変化を電気信号に変換して音声として取り出している。音波の強弱により振動板(高分子フィルム)は垂直方向に振動し電極間の静電容量は振動板が振動する事により静電容量が変化しその変化量に応じて電気信号が出力される。
ダイナミック方式は振動板に垂直にコイルが設けられており更にその一方にはこのコイルに対応した磁気回路上に誘導コイルが設けられ音波により垂直振動された振動板コイルは誘導コイルとの間に起電力を生じさせ音声信号として出力される。
上記2タイプの電気変換方式が従来技術として現在もマイクロホンの分野では中心的な役割を果しているほか、光を使った電気変換方式も提案され実用化研究が行われている。光を使った電気変換方式は振動板に光を当てその振動板の反射光を受光素子で受光し電気変換して出力するものである。
【0003】
図2は光を使った電気変換方式の従来技術を説明する図面である。同図において、振動板203と対比して発光素子201及び受光素子202をそれぞれ一対ずつ設け、中央に光を遮蔽するための遮光板204を設ける。発光素子201から発せられた光は振動板203に照射される。そして、振動板203の垂直振動変化量に応じた反射光量が受光素子202に入力されて電気信号として変換され、増幅器205を通って出力(電気出力207)される。発光素子201への電力は電源部206により供給される。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図2に示したとおり、従来技術における振動板203の形状は平面であった。また、振動板203は円形で構成されているため、その振動分布は中心部が最大の振れを示し外側に向うほど振動幅が少なかった。よって、振動板203とこれと対向して設けられている遮光板204との間に形成され、光を透過させる光透過スリット208を通る光は、振動板203の中心部と外側とでは光が均一に分布せず、光漏れの原因となっていた。そして、この光漏れが原因となって、振動板203が完全に閉じた状態におけるS/N(Signal to Noise Ratio)比が悪化し、音声の劣化が起こるという問題があった。
本発明は上述した従来の音響電気変換装置に用いられる振動板の問題点を解決するためになされたもので、高性能かつ量産性に適した振動板、遮光ハウジング構造を備えた音響電気変換装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、支持部材に張設された薄膜状の振動板に対向して発光素子と受光素子とを配置し、発光素子から振動板に放射された光の反射光を受光素子で受光して電気信号として取出すことにより振動板の音響による振動変位を検出する音響電気変換装置において、発光素子と受光素子とを底面に内設した遮光ハウジングの上面と振動板の中心部とをドーム状に成型し、振動板と遮光ハウジングとの間のクリアランスを平行に保つことを特徴とする。
前記音響電気変換装置において、遮光ハウジングを発光素子側の発光キャビティと受光素子側の受光キャビティとに分割する遮光板を設置し、発光キャビティ上部には発光窓を設け、受光キャビティ上部には受光窓を設けることが出来る。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
図1には本発明に係る音響電気変換装置に用いられる振動板の形状および構造が断面図で示されている。図1に示す音響電気変換装置は、アルミ箔等の薄い薄膜状の振動板103を中央に開口部のある円形リング状の支持部材に張設し、この振動板103に対向した位置に発光素子104と受光素子105とを配置し、発光素子104から振動板103に光を放射し、この光の反射光を受光素子105で受光して電気信号として取出すことにより振動板103の音響による振動変位を検出するように構成されている。
【0007】
図1における実施の形態では発光素子104と受光素子105とは遮光ハウジング106の底面に配置され、発光素子104からの光、受光素子105への光がそれぞれ外部に漏れないように遮光ハウジング106の内壁で包囲されている。
また、遮光ハウジング106は遮光板112によって、発光素子104のある発光キャビティ107と受光素子105のある受光キャビティ116とに分割されている。この遮光板112は両キャビティを遮断して、発光キャビティ107、受光キャビティ116の互いの光漏れを阻止する役割を果たしている。さらに、振動板103の限定された部分に対して光を照射するため、発光キャビティ107上部には発光窓115が設けられている。
【0008】
電源部108からの供給電力によって発光素子104から放射された光は、発光キャビティ107上部に設けられている発光窓115のスリットを通り、振動板103に照射される。
振動板103と遮光ハウジング106との間には僅かな隙間、すわなち、クリアランス110が設けられており、発光素子104から発光窓115を通って振動板103に照射された光はこのクリアランス110に反射して照射される。
振動板103に反射した反射光111は受光キャビティ116上部に設けられた受光窓114のスリットを通り、受光素子105に照射される。受光素子105は照射されたこの光を電気信号に変換し、増幅器109により信号増幅して音声信号として出力する。
本発明の特徴の1つとして振動板103の中心部分はドーム状に成型されている。そして、ドーム状に成型された振動板103の中心部分と対向する位置にある遮光ハウジング106の上面もドーム状に成型されている。
【0009】
図1に示すように、振動板103と遮光ハウジング106の上面とをドーム状に成型することにより、振動板103の振動に対応して振動板103と遮光ハウジング106との間にある隙間、すなわちクリアランス110を平行に保つことが可能となる。クリアランス110が平行状態を維持しているとき、振動板103の振動幅に応じてクリアランス110が変化する。そしてこれにより、均一な光を受光素子105に伝えることができる。
【0010】
このように本発明によれば、発光素子からの光漏れ、受光素子への光漏れを回避することが可能になる。
さらに、本発明によれば光を均一に伝搬することが可能となるため、S/N比が向上し、良好な音声信号を出力させることが可能になる。
さらに、本発明による音響電気変換装置は、その構造が簡素であるため生産性に優れているという利点を有する。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明によると、高性能かつ量産性に適した振動板、遮光ハウジング構造を備えた音響電気変換装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態を示す断面図及び局部拡大図。
【図2】従来の音響電気変換装置に用いられる構造を示す断面図及び斜視図。
【符号の説明】
103 振動板
104 発光素子
105 受光素子
106 遮光ハウジング
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an acoustoelectric conversion device such as a microphone device, and more particularly to an acoustoelectric conversion device that detects vibration displacement of a vibration plate by converting it into an electric signal corresponding to a change in the amount of received light.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The microphone sound conversion system in the prior art is put into practical use mainly with a condenser and a dynamic system.
In the capacitor method, a change in capacitance is converted into an electric signal and extracted as sound. The vibration plate (polymer film) vibrates in the vertical direction due to the strength of sound waves, and the capacitance between the electrodes changes as the vibration plate vibrates, and an electric signal is output according to the amount of change.
In the dynamic method, a coil is provided perpendicularly to the diaphragm, and on one of them, an induction coil is provided on a magnetic circuit corresponding to this coil, and the diaphragm coil vertically vibrated by sound waves is generated between the induction coil and the diaphragm. Electric power is generated and output as an audio signal.
The above two types of electrical conversion systems are still playing a central role in the field of microphones as conventional technologies, and electrical conversion systems using light have also been proposed and studied for practical use. In the electric conversion method using light, light is applied to a diaphragm, and the reflected light of the diaphragm is received by a light receiving element to be electrically converted and output.
[0003]
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the prior art of an electrical conversion method using light. In the figure, a pair of a light emitting element 201 and a light receiving element 202 are provided in comparison with the diaphragm 203, respectively, and a light shielding plate 204 for shielding light is provided at the center. The light emitted from the light emitting element 201 is applied to the diaphragm 203. Then, a reflected light amount corresponding to the vertical vibration change amount of the diaphragm 203 is input to the light receiving element 202 and converted as an electric signal, and is output through the amplifier 205 (electrical output 207). Power to the light emitting element 201 is supplied from the power supply unit 206.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the diaphragm 203 in the prior art was a plane. Further, since the diaphragm 203 is formed in a circular shape, the vibration distribution has a maximum vibration at the center, and the vibration width is smaller toward the outside. Therefore, light passing through the light transmission slit 208 formed between the diaphragm 203 and the light shielding plate 204 provided opposite to the diaphragm 203 is transmitted between the central portion and the outside of the diaphragm 203. It was not uniformly distributed, causing light leakage. Due to this light leakage, the S / N (Signal to Noise Ratio) ratio in a state where the diaphragm 203 is completely closed is deteriorated, and there is a problem that sound is deteriorated.
The present invention was made to solve the problems of the diaphragm used in the conventional acoustoelectric converter described above, and is an acoustoelectric converter equipped with a diaphragm and a light-shielding housing structure suitable for high performance and mass productivity. The purpose is to provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a light emitting element and a light receiving element are arranged opposite to a thin-film diaphragm stretched on a support member, and reflected light of light emitted from the light emitting element to the diaphragm is received by the light receiving element. In an acoustoelectric transducer that detects vibration displacement due to the sound of the diaphragm by taking it out as an electrical signal, the upper surface of the light-shielding housing with the light emitting element and the light receiving element provided in the bottom and the center of the diaphragm are molded into a dome shape The clearance between the diaphragm and the light shielding housing is kept parallel .
In the acoustoelectric conversion device, a light shielding plate for dividing the light shielding housing into a light emitting cavity on the light emitting element side and a light receiving cavity on the light receiving element side is provided, a light emitting window is provided above the light emitting cavity, and a light receiving window is provided above the light receiving cavity. Can be provided.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the shape and structure of a diaphragm used in an acoustoelectric conversion device according to the present invention. The acoustoelectric conversion device shown in FIG. 1 has a thin thin film diaphragm 103 such as an aluminum foil stretched on a circular ring-shaped support member having an opening in the center, and a light emitting element at a position facing the diaphragm 103. 104 and the light receiving element 105 are arranged, light is emitted from the light emitting element 104 to the diaphragm 103, and the reflected light of the light is received by the light receiving element 105 and taken out as an electric signal. Is configured to detect.
[0007]
In the embodiment in FIG. 1, the light emitting element 104 and the light receiving element 105 are arranged on the bottom surface of the light shielding housing 106, and the light from the light emitting element 104 and the light to the light receiving element 105 do not leak to the outside. Surrounded by an inner wall.
The light shielding housing 106 is divided by a light shielding plate 112 into a light emitting cavity 107 having the light emitting element 104 and a light receiving cavity 116 having the light receiving element 105. The light shielding plate 112 serves to block both cavities and prevent light leakage from the light emitting cavity 107 and the light receiving cavity 116. Further, a light emission window 115 is provided above the light emission cavity 107 to irradiate light to a limited portion of the diaphragm 103.
[0008]
The light emitted from the light emitting element 104 by the power supplied from the power supply unit 108 passes through the slit of the light emitting window 115 provided on the light emitting cavity 107 and is applied to the diaphragm 103.
A slight gap, that is, a clearance 110 is provided between the diaphragm 103 and the light shielding housing 106, and the light irradiated on the diaphragm 103 from the light emitting element 104 through the light emitting window 115 is this clearance 110. It is reflected and irradiated.
The reflected light 111 reflected by the diaphragm 103 passes through the slit of the light receiving window 114 provided on the light receiving cavity 116 and is irradiated to the light receiving element 105. The light receiving element 105 converts the irradiated light into an electric signal, and the signal is amplified by the amplifier 109 and output as an audio signal.
As one of the features of the present invention, the central portion of the diaphragm 103 is formed in a dome shape. The upper surface of the light shielding housing 106 at a position facing the central portion of the diaphragm 103 molded in a dome shape is also molded in a dome shape.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 1, by forming the diaphragm 103 and the upper surface of the light shielding housing 106 into a dome shape, a gap between the diaphragm 103 and the light shielding housing 106 corresponding to the vibration of the diaphragm 103, that is, It becomes possible to keep the clearance 110 parallel. When the clearance 110 is maintained in a parallel state, the clearance 110 changes according to the vibration width of the diaphragm 103. Thus, uniform light can be transmitted to the light receiving element 105.
[0010]
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid light leakage from the light emitting element and light leakage to the light receiving element.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, light can be propagated uniformly, so that the S / N ratio is improved and a good audio signal can be output.
Furthermore, the acoustoelectric conversion device according to the present invention has an advantage of excellent productivity because of its simple structure.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an acoustoelectric conversion device including a diaphragm and a light-shielding housing structure suitable for high performance and mass productivity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view and a local enlarged view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view and a perspective view showing a structure used in a conventional acoustoelectric transducer.
[Explanation of symbols]
103 Diaphragm 104 Light-emitting element 105 Light-receiving element 106 Light-shielding housing

Claims (2)

支持部材に張設された薄膜状の振動板に対向して発光素子と受光素子とを配置し、前記発光素子から前記振動板に放射された光の反射光を前記受光素子で受光して電気信号として取出すことにより前記振動板の音響による振動変位を検出する音響電気変換装置において、
前記発光素子と前記受光素子とを底面に内設した遮光ハウジングの上面と、前記振動板の中心部とをドーム状に成型し、前記振動板と前記遮光ハウジングとの間のクリアランスを平行に保つことを特徴とする音響電気変換装置。
A light emitting element and a light receiving element are arranged opposite to the thin film-like diaphragm stretched on the support member, and the reflected light of the light emitted from the light emitting element to the diaphragm is received by the light receiving element. In an acoustoelectric transducer that detects vibration displacement due to sound of the diaphragm by taking out as a signal,
The upper surface of the light shielding housing in which the light emitting element and the light receiving element are provided on the bottom surface and the center portion of the diaphragm are molded into a dome shape, and the clearance between the diaphragm and the light shielding housing is kept parallel. An acoustoelectric conversion device.
請求項1に記載の音響電気変換装置において、
前記遮光ハウジングを発光素子側の発光キャビティと受光素子側の受光キャビティとに分割する遮光板を設置し、前記発光キャビティ上部には発光窓を設け、前記受光キャビティ上部には受光窓を設けたことを特徴とする音響電気変換装置。
The acoustoelectric conversion device according to claim 1,
A light-shielding plate that divides the light-shielding housing into a light-emitting cavity on the light-emitting element side and a light-receiving cavity on the light-receiving element side is installed, a light-emitting window is provided above the light-emitting cavity, and a light-receiving window is provided above the light-receiving cavity. An acoustoelectric converter characterized by the above.
JP2000387888A 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Acoustoelectric converter Expired - Fee Related JP3887537B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000387888A JP3887537B2 (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Acoustoelectric converter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000387888A JP3887537B2 (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Acoustoelectric converter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002191096A JP2002191096A (en) 2002-07-05
JP3887537B2 true JP3887537B2 (en) 2007-02-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2000387888A Expired - Fee Related JP3887537B2 (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Acoustoelectric converter

Country Status (1)

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