JP3894052B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine, and more particularly to a rotating electrical machine having a cooling function.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional rotating electric machine, there is a technique described in JP-A-11-318055.
[0003]
This prior art is a technique of detecting the oil level of the oil as refrigerant accumulated in the rotating electrical machine and controlling the amount of accumulated oil.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional technique has a problem that when the rotor is rotating, the oil level of the oil accumulated in the rotating electrical machine varies greatly and it is difficult to accurately detect the oil amount.
[0005]
In view of such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that detects oil stored in the rotating electrical machine regardless of the operating state of the rotating electrical machine.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a rotor rotatably supported by a rotor, a stator disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor, a slot of a stator core that constitutes the stator, and an opening portion of the slot that opens to the inner peripheral surface of the stator. The rotating electrical machine including a closing member that forms a refrigerant passage therein includes a determination unit that determines whether the refrigerant leaks into the inner peripheral portion of the stator or the gap between the inner peripheral portion of the closing member and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor.
[0007]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, refrigerant leakage can be determined regardless of the operating state of the rotating electrical machine. Therefore, there is no thermal effect caused by oil leakage on the components of the rotating electrical machine.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
1 and 2 show the entire configuration of a rotating electrical machine (motor, generator, or motor / generator).
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows a BB cross section of FIG. 2. In FIG. 1, a rotating electrical machine case 1 includes a cylindrical plate 1A and side plates 1B and 1C that close openings at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical plate 1A.
[0011]
A cylindrical rotor 2 is accommodated in the case 1. The rotor 2 has both ends of a rotating shaft 2A supported by side plates 1B and 1C via bearings 3, respectively, and is rotatable about the rotating shaft 2A.
[0012]
A cylindrical stator 5 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical plate 1 </ b> A so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotor 2. A predetermined gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the stator 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 2.
[0013]
Cooling jackets 10 and 11 made of an annular space are formed between the axial ends of the stator 5 and the inside of the case 1. Cooling oil is supplied to the cooling jacket 10 through an oil supply port 16 penetrating the cylindrical plate 1A. This cooling oil flows through the refrigerant passage 29 (see FIG. 2) formed in the stator 5 and is guided to the cooling jacket 11 on the opposite side. This cooling oil is discharged to the outside from an oil discharge port 17 formed in the cooling jacket 11 and penetrating the cylindrical plate 1A.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the stator 5 includes a stator core 20 and a coil 30 wound around the stator core 20.
[0015]
The starter core 20 is configured by connecting a predetermined number (12 in this embodiment) of split cores 21 in an annular shape (split core structure). Each divided core 21 is formed by laminating a predetermined number of substantially T-shaped electromagnetic steel plates in the direction of the rotation axis 2A of the rotor 2 (perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2).
[0016]
The stator core 20 (divided core 21) includes a ring-shaped back core portion 22 along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical plate 1A of the case 1, and a teeth portion 23 protruding from the back core portion 22 in the radially inner radial direction of the stator core 20. (However, see FIG. 3).
[0017]
A recess (groove) between adjacent tooth portions 23 becomes a slot 25. The coil 30 is housed in the slot 25 by being concentratedly wound around each tooth portion 23.
[0018]
In order to make this slot 25 a refrigerant passage 29 through which the cooling oil from the cooling jacket 10 passes, a plate 40 is attached to the opening 27 facing the outer periphery of the rotor 2 of the slot 25 as shown in FIG. Is done. The plate 40 is inserted and held between the axially extending protrusions 28A and 28B provided on both side surfaces near the tip of the tooth portion 23, and the outer surface thereof is flush with the stator inner peripheral surface. Is filled with a resin material, a resin layer 50 is formed, and the refrigerant passage 29 is sealed. The plate 40 and the resin layer 50 are the closing members in this embodiment.
[0019]
Next, in order to form the cooling jackets 10 and 11, a cylindrical portion 14 is provided on the extension of the inner peripheral surface from both ends of the stator 5, and this cylindrical portion 14 reaches the side plates 1B and 1C of the case 1, An annular space is defined between the inner periphery of the cylindrical plate 1 </ b> A of the case 1 and both ends of the stator 5.
[0020]
The cylindrical portion 14 is formed integrally with the resin layer 50 when the resin layer is formed by filling with a resin material.
[0021]
Furthermore, a temperature sensor 19 is installed in a gap (hereinafter referred to as an air gap portion) 18 between the inner peripheral portion of the resin layer 50 (or the tooth portion 23) and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2. The temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature of refrigerant oil leaked from the refrigerant passage 29 to the air gap portion 18. Usually, the refrigerant passage 29 and the cooling jackets 10 and 11 and the rotor 2 are blocked by the plate 40, the resin layer 50, and the cylindrical portion 14, and the refrigerant does not leak into the installation space of the rotor 2. It has become. However, it is conceivable that a gap is formed between the resin layer 50 and the stator core 20, and oil leaks into the air gap portion 18 from the gap. The amount of the leaked oil may be a very small amount as long as it is discharged from the air gap portion 18 by the centrifugal pressure due to the rotation of the rotor 2 (the state of FIG. 4), but the air gap portion 18 as shown in FIG. In such a state, not only does the rotation resistance of the rotor 2 increase and the output of the motor decreases, but the temperature of the oil in the air gap portion 18 increases and the performance of the permanent magnet used in the motor deteriorates.
[0022]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a temperature sensor 19 for detecting the temperature in the air gap portion 18 and accurately determines the leakage of oil into the air gap portion 18 based on the oil temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19. is there.
[0023]
FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the oil leakage determination device of the present invention. The determination device includes a determination circuit 32 and a motor control controller 33.
[0024]
The determination circuit 32 includes a normal temperature calculation unit 32A, an abnormality determination unit 32, and an output unit B32C.
[0025]
The normal temperature calculation unit 32A receives the current value of the motor control current (for example, three-phase AC current) and the motor rotation speed, and the normal temperature of the air gap 18 based on these input values. (Temperature when not satisfied) Mt is calculated.
[0026]
In general, as the current value increases, the copper loss of the stator coil 30 increases and heat is generated, and the temperature of the air gap portion 18 increases. Further, as the rotational speed increases, the iron loss of the stator coil 30 and the rotor core increases and heat is generated, and the temperature of the air gap portion 18 increases. Therefore, the relationship between the current value and the temperature of the air gap portion 18 or the relationship between the rotational speed and the temperature of the air gap portion 18 is stored in advance as a map, and the normal temperature of the air gap portion 18 is stored using this map. Mt is calculated.
[0027]
The measured temperature At of the air gap 18 detected by the temperature sensor 19 is input to the abnormality determination unit 32B, and a temperature difference ΔH from the normal temperature Mt is calculated. Next, the temperature difference ΔH is compared with a predetermined difference H that is a criterion for abnormality determination, and if it is equal to or larger than the predetermined difference H, it is determined as abnormal, and if it is smaller than the predetermined difference H, it is determined as normal.
[0028]
FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the amount of oil leaked into the air gap 19 and the temperature. When the amount of oil exceeds a certain amount, the temperature of the air gap portion 18 rapidly increases and rises from 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. Therefore, by setting the predetermined temperature difference H to about 20 ° C., it is possible to quickly make an abnormality determination, and avoid a misdiagnosis that determines an abnormality in the normal state due to a disturbance factor.
[0029]
Since the oil temperature rise shown in FIG. 7 varies depending on the rotational speed of the rotor at that time, if the predetermined temperature difference H is set according to the rotational speed of the rotor, the abnormality determination can be performed more accurately. Can do.
[0030]
The output unit 32C receives the abnormality determination result of the abnormality determination unit 32B and notifies the motor driver or the like of the abnormality using means such as an LED. The determination result is also output to the controller 33, and the controller 33 controls the motor so as to prohibit or stop the high-speed operation of the motor when the abnormality determination is received.
[0031]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor 19 is installed in the air gap 18 between the rotor 2 and the resin layer 50 (or the tooth portion 23), and the oil leaked into the air gap 18 based on the detected temperature. By determining the presence / absence, oil leakage determination can be performed accurately without being affected by the operating state of the rotating electrical machine, and the thermal effect on the components of the rotating electrical machine caused by the oil in the air gap 18 is prevented. In addition, the service life of the rotating electrical machine can be extended.
[0032]
FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the temperature of the tooth portion 23 is detected by the temperature sensor 19. This is because the heat generated by leakage of oil to the air gap portion 18 has a thermal effect on the components constituting the rotating electrical machine, and directly based on the measured temperature Tt of the component (in this embodiment, the tooth portion 23 as an example) Abnormality judgment is performed. That is, a predetermined temperature difference H is added to the temperature Mt of the tooth portion 23 set using a map from an alternating current value or the like (temperature Bt), and an abnormality is determined by comparing the temperature Bt with the detected temperature Tt. . When the temperature Bt is equal to or lower than the temperature Tt, it is determined that the oil leakage is abnormal. The predetermined temperature difference H serving as a reference for determination at this time is determined based on the movable temperature of the component for detecting the temperature. A map used for determination is also set in advance from the normal temperature of the tooth portion 23.
[0033]
By configuring the oil leakage determination based on the temperature of the tooth portion 23 as described above, the abnormality determination accuracy can be improved regardless of the operating state of the rotating electrical machine, and the thermal effect on the components constituting the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. Can be prevented. In addition, since the air gap portion 18 is narrow, installing the temperature sensor 19 in the air gap portion 18 may cause the temperature sensor 19 to interfere with the rotating rotor 2 due to vibration or impact. Then there is no such danger.
[0034]
FIG. 9 shows a configuration of the third embodiment, and this embodiment is characterized in that the temperature sensor is installed in the case 1 instead of the tooth portion 23. The case 1 also rises in temperature due to heat generation due to oil leakage to the air gap portion 18, and an abnormality is determined based on this temperature characteristic. The abnormality determination method is the same as in the second embodiment.
[0035]
By installing the temperature sensor 19 in the case 1 and performing oil leakage determination based on the case temperature, there is an effect that the temperature sensor 19 can be easily installed in the rotating electrical machine body. Moreover, it is not necessary to take measures against oil leakage when the temperature sensor is attached.
[0036]
In this embodiment, since the detection value of the temperature sensor 19 is easily affected by the environmental temperature of the rotating electrical machine body, the ambient temperature in the vicinity of the rotating electrical machine is detected, and the detected temperature change in the environment is factored into the calculation of abnormality determination. By correcting, the accuracy of abnormality determination due to environmental conditions is prevented from being reduced. An example of the correction will be described. First, when detecting the temperature data Kt of case 1 for creating a map, the ambient atmosphere temperature Ft is simultaneously detected. At this time, the ambient temperature is detected in accordance with the measurement conditions of the temperature data. The detected case temperature is corrected as data at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C. using the following formula, and assigned to the map.
[0037]
[Expression 1]
Here, Mth is a correction temperature (° C.) at 25 ° C.
[0038]
Next, an abnormality determination is performed by comparing the actually measured case 1 temperature Kt during operation with the temperature Kth obtained by the equation (2) and the temperature Bt obtained by adding the predetermined temperature H.
[0039]
[Expression 2]
Here, Kth is a correction temperature (° C.) of the temperature of case 1.
[0040]
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of the fourth embodiment. This is a configuration in which oil leaked to the air gap portion 18 is discharged to the outside when an abnormality determination is made based on temperature data detected by the temperature sensor.
[0041]
When an abnormality is determined from the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19 installed in the air gap portion 18, an oil discharge port provided at the lower end of the rotating electrical machine is provided, and a pump 34 is communicated with the discharge port. In this configuration, the oil in the air gap portion 18 is discharged to the oil reservoir. The pump 34 starts operation in response to the abnormality determination and continues to operate until the rotating electrical machine stops. Further, when the abnormality determination is not canceled by the operation of the pump 34, the abnormality is notified to the driver or the like, and the operation of the rotating electrical machine is restricted or stopped.
[0042]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, even if oil leaks into the air gap portion 18, this oil is forcibly discharged by the action of the pump 34, eliminating the influence of heat on the rotating electrical machine, and enabling continuous operation. it can.
[0043]
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment. In this embodiment, an insulating oil feed pump 35 installed in a rotating electrical machine is used in place of the pump 34 of the fourth embodiment. With this configuration, it is not necessary to newly add a configuration for removing oil leaked into the air gap portion 18, and oil can be discharged at a lower cost.
[0044]
In the configuration of the present embodiment, a discharge port 37 is provided at the lower end of the case 1, and the discharge port is connected to the suction side of the oil feed pump 35. An electromagnetic valve 36 is installed in the middle of the path, and the electromagnetic valve 36 is opened when an abnormality is determined. Oil is sucked into the pump and discharged from the air gap portion 18. The electromagnetic valve 36 is opened until the rotating electrical machine stops. In addition, when the abnormality determination is not canceled by the operation of the electromagnetic valve 36, the abnormality is notified to the driver or the like, and the operation of the rotating electrical machine is restricted or stopped.
[0045]
As described above, in the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine in which the refrigerant passage is formed in the slot, the temperature of the gap between the inner peripheral portion of the stator or the inner peripheral portion of the plate and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor is detected and detected. Since the leakage of the refrigerant into the gap is determined based on the temperature, the refrigerant (oil) leakage determination can be performed accurately without being influenced by the operating state of the rotating electrical machine, and the gap (air gap 18) It is possible to prevent the influence of heat on the components of the rotating electrical machine caused by the oil and extend the service life of the rotating electrical machine.
[0046]
Since it constitutes a part of the stator core and determines the leakage of the refrigerant into the gap based on the temperature of the tooth portion around which the coil is wound, it improves the accuracy of abnormality determination regardless of the operating state of the rotating electrical machine, It is possible to prevent the thermal influence on the parts constituting the rotating electrical machine. Further, since the air gap portion 18 is narrow, by installing a temperature detection means (temperature sensor 19) in the air gap portion 18, there is no possibility that the temperature sensor 19 interferes with the rotating rotor 2 due to vibration or impact. .
[0047]
Since the leakage of the refrigerant into the gap is determined based on the temperature of the case housing the rotor and the stator, there is an effect that the temperature sensor 19 can be easily installed in the rotating electrical machine main body. Moreover, it is not necessary to take measures against oil leakage when the temperature sensor is attached.
[0048]
Since the pump for discharging the refrigerant in the gap to the outside at the time of the refrigerant leakage determination to the gap is provided, even if oil leaks into the air gap portion 18, the oil is forcibly discharged by the action of the pump 34. It is possible to eliminate the influence of heat on the continuous operation.
[0049]
Since the pump is also used as a pump for supplying the refrigerant to the refrigerant passage, it is not necessary to add a new configuration for removing the oil leaked to the air gap portion 18, and the oil can be discharged at a lower cost. be able to.
[0050]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the same.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the periphery of a stator 2;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of leaking oil (when small amount).
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of leaking oil (when it is in a large amount).
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of leakage oil determination.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the oil temperature, the shaft torque of the rotating electrical machine, and the amount of leaked oil.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 2 Rotor 3 Bearing 5 Stator 10 Cooling jacket 11 Cooling jacket 14 Cylindrical part 18 Air gap 19 Temperature sensor 20 Stator core 23 Teeth part 25 Slot 29 Refrigerant passage 32 Determination circuit 33 Controller 40 Plate 50 Resin layer

Claims (7)

A rotor pivotally supported, and
A stator disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor;
A stator core slot constituting the stator;
In a rotating electrical machine including a closing member that closes an opening of a slot that opens to an inner peripheral surface of a stator to form a refrigerant passage inside the slot,
A rotating electric machine comprising: a determination unit that determines leakage of refrigerant into a gap between an inner periphery of the stator or an inner periphery of a closing member and the rotor outer periphery. A gap temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the gap;
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines whether the refrigerant leaks into the gap based on the temperature detected by the gap temperature detection unit. A portion of the stator core, a tooth portion around which a coil is wound,
A tooth portion temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the tooth portion;
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines whether the refrigerant leaks into the gap based on the temperature detected by the teeth portion temperature detection unit. A case for accommodating the rotor and the stator;
A case temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the case;
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines whether the refrigerant leaks into the gap based on the temperature detected by the case temperature detection unit. A gap temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the gap;
2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines leakage of the refrigerant into the gap based on a temperature detected by the gap temperature detection unit and a normal temperature. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a pump that discharges the refrigerant in the gap to the outside when determining whether the refrigerant leaks into the gap. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 6, wherein the pump is also used as a pump for supplying a refrigerant to the refrigerant passage.

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