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JP3899447B2 - Reinforcement method - Google Patents
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JP3899447B2 - Reinforcement method - Google Patents

Reinforcement method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3899447B2
JP3899447B2 JP22688798A JP22688798A JP3899447B2 JP 3899447 B2 JP3899447 B2 JP 3899447B2 JP 22688798 A JP22688798 A JP 22688798A JP 22688798 A JP22688798 A JP 22688798A JP 3899447 B2 JP3899447 B2 JP 3899447B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lead frame
resin
sheet
unidirectional
unidirectional sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP22688798A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000054644A (en
Inventor
治 田中
史夫 山本
正幸 清水
隆雄 太田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shinto Paint Co Ltd
Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shinto Paint Co Ltd
Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は補強工法に関し、詳しくは、既存のコンクリート柱などに補強繊維を巻き付け、樹脂を塗布し、樹脂を短時間に硬化させて、工期の短縮を図る耐震補強工法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、炭素繊維やアラミド繊維を用いる耐震補強工法は、それら繊維の一方向性シートを作製し、既存の補強を要するコンクリート柱などの構造物に巻き付け、常温硬化の熱硬化性樹脂を塗布含浸させ、常温で放置硬化させる方法がとられている。従来の工法は、熱硬化性樹脂として、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂等が使用できるものの、常温硬化の点で、事実上エポキシ樹脂に限定され、硬化までの日数は、外気温によって3日から1週間ほど要し、工期が長いという欠点がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
したがって、本発明の目的は、アラミド繊維を用いた一方向性シートを構造物に貼付して、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸硬化させる補強工法において、熱硬化性樹脂を短時間で硬化させ、上記従来の施工性を改良し工期の短縮を図る構造物の補強工法を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる実情において、本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、アラミド繊維を用いた一方向性シートを構造物に取付けた後、該シートに熱硬化性樹脂を塗布含浸させ、次いで、一方向性シートを重ねて貼付する際、前記一方向性シート間に導電性リードフレームを挟み、これに通電して、該通電による発熱で熱硬化性樹脂を短時間で硬化させれば、工期の短縮が図れることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、既存構造物の外表面にアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを貼付した後、該一方向性シートに熱硬化性樹脂を塗布して含浸硬化させる補強工法において、前記一方向性シートを重ねて貼付する際、該一方向性シート間に導電性のリードフレームを挟み込み、前記リードフレームに電流を流して、発熱させ、樹脂を硬化させて構造物を補強する補強工法を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、アラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートとは、少なくとも経糸にアラミド繊維を用いた織布を言う。その外観の概略は、図1に示すように、経糸1にアラミド繊維を用いた一方向性織布シート10であって、経糸1は左右方向に通されて形成される。図1において、隙間は経糸の単位幅当たりの打ち込み本数によって変わる。また、緯糸2は、経糸1を編み込みながら上下方向に通され、横に互いに粗く形成される有機繊維の連続糸である。経糸に用いられるアラミド繊維は強度を持たせるために使用される。
【0007】
アラミド繊維としては、特に制限されないが、引張強度15g/d以上、ヤング率500g/d以上(dはデニールを意味する。)のアラミド繊維が好ましい。また、アラミド繊維の撚り回数はできるだけ少ないのが好ましく、その撚り回数は5〜50回/mである。撚り回数が大きくなると、シートのヤング率が低下し、耐震補強の目的であるせん断補強や曲げ補強効果が小さくなって、好ましくない。一方向性シートの目付は、緯糸の重量を除いて、通常200〜1000g/m2 である。経糸の単位巾あたりの打ち込み本数は、用いるアラミド繊維の太さと前記一方向性シートの目付から容易に決定される。
【0008】
緯糸に使用される有機繊維としては、特に制限されないが、通常のナイロン、ポリエステル、綿、アラミド繊維が使用できる。
【0009】
本発明におけるリードフレームの材質は、良導体の金属で、発熱量の大きいものが好ましく、例えば、ニッケルクロム合金、鉄クロム合金が挙げられる。また、その形状としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、前記合金の薄板を図2に示すような形状に打ち抜いたものが使用される。図2(a)は図3の巻きコイル(模式図)のA−B間を拡大した平面図であり、図2(b)は図2(a)の右側面図である。図2において、リードフレーム3の厚みtは0.05mmから0.50mmの範囲が好ましい。その厚みが厚いと、柔軟性がなくなりコンクリート柱などに巻き付けにくくなる。リードフレームの横巾cはアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートの巾と等しいか、あるいはその巾より1cm程短くすることが好ましい。リードフレームの線巾aは1〜5mmである。また、打ち抜き巾bは3〜8mmである。打ち抜き巾bが狭すぎると、このリードフレームの上下に位置するアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートの接着を阻害する恐れがある。なぜなら、この隙間の熱硬化性樹脂が上下のアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを接着させるからである。また、打ち抜き巾bが広すぎると、樹脂を硬化させるために通電したとき、樹脂を均一に加熱できない恐れがある。丸穴4は、かかる形状のリードフレーム10を作製する際、例えば、ニッケルクロム合金や鉄クロム合金の薄い板を送りだすために利用される穴である。リードフレーム10の両端部5、5は、図では省略する電極端子に接続され、通電するようになっている。
【0010】
本発明の補強工法の手順について、具体的に説明する。先ず、アラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを既存構造物の表面と密着保持させるために、例えば、コンクリート表面等にプライマーを塗布する。次に、定長に切断したアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを巻き付けた後、エポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂を当該シートに塗布含浸させる。その後、導電性リードフレームをその上に巻き付けて、さらにエポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂を塗布する。次に、この上から定長に切断した別の当該一方向性シートを巻き付け、同様の操作を2、3回繰り返す。熱硬化性樹脂が塗布された補強用シートに対し、それぞれの導電性リードフレームの両端部に電極端子を接続し電流を流し、発熱させて、樹脂を硬化させる。更に、必要に応じて、構造物のせん断補強及び曲げ補強効果をより向上させるために、硬化したシートの上にプライマーを塗布し、前記の同様の操作を繰り返して、アラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートの必要枚数を巻き付ける。
【0011】
構造物としては、特に制限されず、橋梁、タンク及び鉄塔などの土木構造物;道路構造物;河川、港湾又は海洋構造物;建築構造物などの強度が要求される部位であり、特に、大地震対策などで補強が要求される既存のコンクリート柱などが好適である。
【0012】
前記一方向性シートに塗布される熱硬化性樹脂には、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂及びポリイミド樹脂等があるが、強度、取り扱いの容易さ、コストなどから、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂が好ましい。本発明において、補強用シートに塗布させる樹脂量は、補強用シートに対して80〜150%、好ましくは100〜140%である。塗布量が少ないと加熱時に繊維内に樹脂が十分に浸透せず、充分な補強効果を得ることができず、多すぎると使用する樹脂量が不必要に増加して不経済である。
【0013】
通電による加熱保持温度、硬化時間は、使用する熱硬化性樹脂の種類や、硬化開始温度等によって異なり、使用時の条件により適宜決定される。
【0014】
【実施例】
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、これは単に例示であって、本発明を制限するものではない。
実施例1
経糸にアラミド繊維「トワロンHM」(アクゾノーベル社製)の3000デニールの繊維を用い、緯糸に500デニールのポリエステル繊維を使用し、シート巾50cmで目付量415g/m2 の一方向性シートの織布を作製した。また、巾(c)49cm、厚み(t)0.1mmのニッケルクロム合金の板から、打ち抜きで図2に示す導電性リードフレームを作製した(この時、a=3mm、b=5mm)。はじめに、既存の構造物であるコンクリート表面にエポキシ樹脂系のプライマーを塗布し、次に、定長に切断したアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを一層巻き付けた。次いで、常温硬化性のエポキシ樹脂をその上から塗布後、上記導電性リードフレームを巻き付けた。その上に、さらに当該エポキシ樹脂を塗布した。次いで、別の定長に切断したアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを巻き付け、さらに当該エポキシ樹脂を塗布した。リードフレームの両端に電流を流し、発熱させ、80℃、3時間保持して樹脂を硬化させた。樹脂硬化後の当該耐震補強シートの引張強度(一方向性シート一層)は61トン重/m、弾性率は10.7トン重/mm2 であった。
【0015】
実施例2
鉄クロム合金の板から作製したリードフレームを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして行った。樹脂硬化後の当該耐震補強シートの引張強度は61トン重/m、弾性率は10.7トン重/mm2 であった。
【0016】
比較例1
経糸にアラミド繊維「トワロンHM」(アクゾノーベル社製)の3000デニールの繊維を用い、緯糸に500デニールのポリエステル繊維を使用し、シート巾50cmで目付量415g/m2 の一方向性シートの織布を作製した。当該一方向性シートをコンクリート柱の表面と密着保持させるために、コンクリート表面にエポキシ樹脂系のプライマーを塗布し、次に、定長に切断した当該一方向性シートを一層巻き付け、常温硬化性のエポキシ樹脂をその上から塗布した。さらに、別の定長に切断した当該一方向性シートを巻き付け、常温硬化性のエポキシ樹脂をその上から塗布した後、放置した。完全硬化まで約4日間要した。樹脂硬化後の当該耐震補強シートの引張強度(一方向性シート一層)は60トン重/m、弾性率は10.5トン重/mm2 であった。
【0017】
実施例及び比較例から明らかなように、実施例1及び実施例2は、従来例の炭素繊維やアラミド繊維及び熱硬化性樹脂を用いた常温硬化による耐震補強工法に比較して、硬化までの時間が大幅に短縮できた。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明の補強工法では、通電による発熱で熱硬化性樹脂を短時間で硬化できて、施工に要する工期を短縮することができる。また、引張強度、弾性率等の物性において、従来工法のものと同等である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明で用いる一方向性シートの概略図である。
【図2】(a)は本発明で用いる導電性リードフレームの平面図であり、(b)が(a)の右側面図である。
【図3】本発明で用いる導電性リードフレームの巻きコイルの正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 経糸(アラミド繊維)
2 緯糸
3 導電性リードフレーム
3a 巻きコイルより解かれた導電性リードフレーム
4 丸穴
5 電極端子接続部
10 一方向性シート
31 巻きコイル
a リードフレームの線巾
b リードフレームの打ち抜き巾
c リードフレームの横巾
t リードフレームの厚み
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reinforcing method, and more particularly to an earthquake-resistant reinforcing method for shortening a construction period by winding reinforcing fibers around an existing concrete column, applying a resin, and curing the resin in a short time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the seismic reinforcement method using carbon fiber or aramid fiber is to produce a unidirectional sheet of these fibers, wrap it around a structure such as a concrete pillar that requires reinforcement, and apply and impregnate a thermosetting resin that cures at room temperature. The method of leaving and curing at room temperature is used. Although conventional methods can use epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenol resins, etc. as thermosetting resins, they are practically limited to epoxy resins in terms of room temperature curing, and the number of days until curing is Depending on the outside temperature, it takes 3 days to 1 week, and the construction period is long.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a conventional method of affixing a unidirectional sheet using an aramid fiber to a structure and impregnating and curing the thermosetting resin, and curing the thermosetting resin in a short time. It is to provide a method for reinforcing a structure that improves the workability of the structure and shortens the work period.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In such a situation, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, after attaching a unidirectional sheet using aramid fibers to a structure, the sheet was coated and impregnated with a thermosetting resin, and then unidirectional. When the sheets are stacked and pasted, a conductive lead frame is sandwiched between the unidirectional sheets, the current is passed through, and the thermosetting resin is cured in a short time by the heat generated by the current flow. As a result, the present invention was completed.
[0005]
That is, the present invention relates to the reinforcing method in which the unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers is pasted on the outer surface of an existing structure, and then the thermosetting resin is applied to the unidirectional sheet and impregnated and cured. Provides a reinforcement method to reinforce a structure by sandwiching a conductive lead frame between the unidirectional sheets and applying a current to the lead frame to generate heat and cure the resin when the conductive sheet is laminated and pasted To do.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers refers to a woven fabric using aramid fibers for at least warps. The outline of the appearance is a unidirectional woven fabric sheet 10 using an aramid fiber for the warp 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and the warp 1 is formed by passing it in the left-right direction. In FIG. 1, the gap varies depending on the number of driven yarns per unit width of the warp. Further, the weft 2 is a continuous yarn of organic fibers that is passed in the vertical direction while weaving the warp 1 and is coarsely formed laterally. Aramid fibers used for warp are used to give strength.
[0007]
The aramid fiber is not particularly limited, but an aramid fiber having a tensile strength of 15 g / d or more and a Young's modulus of 500 g / d or more (d means denier) is preferable. The number of twists of the aramid fiber is preferably as small as possible, and the number of twists is 5 to 50 times / m. When the number of twists is increased, the Young's modulus of the sheet is lowered, and the effects of shear reinforcement and bending reinforcement, which are the purpose of seismic reinforcement, are reduced. The basis weight of the unidirectional sheet is usually 200 to 1000 g / m 2 excluding the weight of the weft. The number of warps per unit width is easily determined from the thickness of the aramid fiber used and the basis weight of the unidirectional sheet.
[0008]
Although it does not restrict | limit especially as an organic fiber used for a weft, A normal nylon, polyester, cotton, and an aramid fiber can be used.
[0009]
The material of the lead frame in the present invention is preferably a good conductor metal and has a large calorific value, and examples thereof include a nickel chromium alloy and an iron chromium alloy. The shape of the alloy is not particularly limited, and for example, a thin plate of the alloy punched into a shape as shown in FIG. 2 is used. FIG. 2A is an enlarged plan view taken along AB of the wound coil (schematic diagram) in FIG. 3, and FIG. 2B is a right side view of FIG. In FIG. 2, the thickness t of the lead frame 3 is preferably in the range of 0.05 mm to 0.50 mm. If the thickness is thick, the flexibility is lost and it is difficult to wrap around a concrete pillar or the like. The width c of the lead frame is preferably equal to the width of the unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers, or shorter by about 1 cm than the width. The line width a of the lead frame is 1 to 5 mm. The punching width b is 3 to 8 mm. If the punching width b is too narrow, there is a risk of hindering the adhesion of the unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers located above and below the lead frame. This is because the thermosetting resin in the gap adheres the unidirectional sheet made of upper and lower aramid fibers. If the punching width b is too wide, the resin may not be heated uniformly when energized to cure the resin. The round hole 4 is a hole used for feeding out a thin plate of, for example, a nickel chromium alloy or an iron chromium alloy when the lead frame 10 having such a shape is manufactured. Both end portions 5 and 5 of the lead frame 10 are connected to electrode terminals not shown in the figure, and are energized.
[0010]
The procedure of the reinforcing method of the present invention will be specifically described. First, a primer is applied to a concrete surface or the like, for example, in order to keep the unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers in close contact with the surface of the existing structure. Next, after winding the unidirectional sheet | seat which consists of aramid fiber cut | disconnected by fixed length, the thermosetting resin, such as an epoxy resin, is apply | coated and impregnated to the said sheet | seat. Thereafter, a conductive lead frame is wound thereon, and a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin is further applied. Next, another unidirectional sheet cut to a fixed length from above is wound, and the same operation is repeated a few times. With respect to the reinforcing sheet to which the thermosetting resin is applied, electrode terminals are connected to both ends of each conductive lead frame, an electric current is applied to generate heat, and the resin is cured. Furthermore, if necessary, in order to further improve the shear reinforcement and bending reinforcement effects of the structure, a primer is applied on the cured sheet, and the same operation as described above is repeated, so that the unidirectionality composed of aramid fibers is obtained. Wrap the required number of sheets.
[0011]
The structure is not particularly limited, and is a site where strength is required, such as civil engineering structures such as bridges, tanks and steel towers; road structures; rivers, harbors or marine structures; An existing concrete column that requires reinforcement for earthquake countermeasures is suitable.
[0012]
The thermosetting resin applied to the unidirectional sheet includes phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin and polyimide resin, but strength, ease of handling, cost, etc. Therefore, an epoxy resin and a phenol resin are preferable. In the present invention, the amount of resin applied to the reinforcing sheet is 80 to 150%, preferably 100 to 140% with respect to the reinforcing sheet. If the coating amount is small, the resin does not sufficiently penetrate into the fiber during heating and a sufficient reinforcing effect cannot be obtained. If the coating amount is too large, the amount of resin used is unnecessarily increased, which is uneconomical.
[0013]
The heating and holding temperature and the curing time by energization vary depending on the type of the thermosetting resin to be used, the curing start temperature, and the like, and are appropriately determined depending on the conditions at the time of use.
[0014]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated more concretely, this is only an illustration and does not restrict | limit this invention.
Example 1
Weaving 3,000-denier fiber of aramid fiber "Twaron HM" (manufactured by Akzo Nobel) for warp, polyester fiber of 500-denier for weft, unidirectional sheet weaving with a sheet width of 50cm and a basis weight of 415g / m 2 A fabric was made. Also, a conductive lead frame shown in FIG. 2 was punched out from a nickel-chromium alloy plate having a width (c) of 49 cm and a thickness (t) of 0.1 mm (at this time, a = 3 mm, b = 5 mm). First, an epoxy resin-based primer was applied to the concrete surface, which is an existing structure, and then a unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers cut to a fixed length was further wound. Next, after applying a room temperature curable epoxy resin thereon, the conductive lead frame was wound. On top of that, the epoxy resin was further applied. Subsequently, the unidirectional sheet | seat which consists of an aramid fiber cut | disconnected to another fixed length was wound, and the said epoxy resin was apply | coated further. An electric current was applied to both ends of the lead frame to generate heat, and the resin was cured by holding at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. The seismic reinforcement sheet after the resin was cured had a tensile strength (one unidirectional sheet) of 61 tons / m 2 and an elastic modulus of 10.7 tons / mm 2 .
[0015]
Example 2
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that a lead frame made of an iron-chromium alloy plate was used. After the resin was cured, the seismic reinforcement sheet had a tensile strength of 61 tons / m 2 and an elastic modulus of 10.7 tons / mm 2 .
[0016]
Comparative Example 1
Weaving 3,000-denier fiber of aramid fiber "Twaron HM" (manufactured by Akzo Nobel) for warp, polyester fiber of 500-denier for weft, unidirectional sheet weaving with a sheet width of 50cm and a basis weight of 415g / m 2 A fabric was made. In order to hold the unidirectional sheet in close contact with the surface of the concrete pillar, an epoxy resin-based primer is applied to the concrete surface, and then the unidirectional sheet cut into a fixed length is further wound to be room temperature curable. Epoxy resin was applied from above. Furthermore, the said unidirectional sheet cut | disconnected to another fixed length was wound, and after leaving and apply | coating room temperature-curable epoxy resin from it, it was left to stand. It took about 4 days to complete curing. The seismic reinforcing sheet after curing the resin had a tensile strength (one unidirectional sheet) of 60 tons / m 2 and an elastic modulus of 10.5 tons / mm 2 .
[0017]
As is clear from Examples and Comparative Examples, Example 1 and Example 2 were compared with the conventional example of the seismic reinforcement method by room temperature curing using carbon fiber, aramid fiber and thermosetting resin. Time has been greatly reduced.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
In the reinforcing method of the present invention, the thermosetting resin can be cured in a short time by heat generated by energization, and the construction period required for construction can be shortened. Moreover, physical properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus are equivalent to those of the conventional method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a unidirectional sheet used in the present invention.
2A is a plan view of a conductive lead frame used in the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a right side view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a wound coil of a conductive lead frame used in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Warp (aramid fiber)
2 Weft 3 Conductive lead frame 3a Conductive lead frame 4 unwound from winding coil Round hole 5 Electrode terminal connection portion 10 Unidirectional sheet 31 Winding coil a Lead frame wire width b Lead frame punching width c Lead frame Width t Lead frame thickness

Claims (2)

既存構造物の外表面にアラミド繊維からなる一方向性シートを貼付した後、該一方向性シートに熱硬化性樹脂を塗布して含浸硬化させる補強工法において、前記一方向性シートを重ねて貼付する際、該一方向性シート間に導電性のリードフレームを挟み込み、前記リードフレームに電流を流して、発熱させ、樹脂を硬化させて構造物を補強する補強工法。In a reinforcement method in which a unidirectional sheet made of aramid fibers is pasted on the outer surface of an existing structure and then a thermosetting resin is applied to the unidirectional sheet and impregnated and cured, the unidirectional sheet is laminated and pasted. In this case, a reinforcing method is used in which a conductive lead frame is sandwiched between the unidirectional sheets, current is passed through the lead frame to generate heat, and the resin is cured to reinforce the structure. 前記導電性リードフレームの材質が、ニッケルクロム合金又は鉄クロム合金である請求項1記載の補強工法。The reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein a material of the conductive lead frame is a nickel chromium alloy or an iron chromium alloy.
JP22688798A 1998-08-11 1998-08-11 Reinforcement method Expired - Fee Related JP3899447B2 (en)

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JP2680707B2 (en) * 1990-01-17 1997-11-19 三菱化学株式会社 Reinforcement method for concrete structural materials
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