JP3902142B2 - Powdered powder explosive charge device and charge method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a charging device and a charging method for handling powdered explosives, and more particularly, to a charging device and a charging method for powdered explosives that are suitable for the operation of charging powdered explosives to a blast hole. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various explosives have been used for mining and civil engineering construction sites for debris crushing by blasting work. Such blasting operations include, for example, explosives that are loaded with explosives in a blasting hole (vertical hole) excavated from the surface with a drill or the like, such as an open-pit mine. In addition, loading explosives into the blast hole is called charge.
In blasting operations performed at such an open pit site, for example, powder, granule, or powder and granule, such as ammonium oil explosive (ANFO (Ammonium Fuel Oil Explosive)) Powdered explosives such as a mixture in which is mixed are generally used. In the following description, the powder, granule and mixture are collectively referred to as “powder”.
[0003]
The above-mentioned powdery explosives have been handled, for example, in units of heavy bags in which about 15 to 25 kg of explosives are put in one bag. The explosives in heavy bags are usually stored in the explosives storage under strict management.
Now, in the conventional charging operation, the heavy bags are manually loaded or partially loaded on a transporting vehicle using a transport machine such as a forklift and transported to the vicinity of the charging site. In the vicinity of the charging site, the heavy bag is manually unloaded from the transporting vehicle and the necessary amount of heavy bag is opened, and there are a plurality of charging methods shown below for the subsequent charging operation methods.
(1) The blast holes are sequentially loaded by human power. (Human power charge method)
(2) After refilling a container such as a hopper manually, explosives are pumped or conveyed by a compressor, a pump, or an auger conveying device and loaded into a blast hole. (Mechanical charge method)
Such conventional mechanical charging methods are described in, for example, the following non-patent documents.
[0004]
[Non-patent literature]
Industrial Explosives Association “New Blasting Handbook” Sankaidou Publishing Co., Ltd., May 15, 1989, pp. 83-86
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in one of the conventional charge work methods described above, one of the manual loading methods relies on human power for almost all loading work, so it is burdensome for workers to handle a large amount of 15 to 25 kg heavy objects. However, there was a problem that it took a lot of labor and time to complete the charge.
[0006]
In addition, when the conventional mechanical charging method is adopted, although there is an effect that the burden on the worker is somewhat reduced, in any case there is a drive part, so it is necessary to perform frequent maintenance, In addition, since a failure is likely to occur, there is a problem that the operation rate is generally low.
[0007]
Furthermore, when the powder and granular materials are pumped using a compressor or a pump, they are pumped together with a working fluid such as air, so that sufficient pumping capacity (flow rate) is secured to shorten the charging time. For this purpose, an increase in the size of the apparatus is inevitable, the initial investment cost of the apparatus itself increases, and securing the means for moving the apparatus between sites is also a major problem.
Furthermore, when the granular material is conveyed using a compressor, a pump, an auger conveying device, etc., the granular material passes through a rotating body such as a screw, so that irregular fine granulation of the granular material is a problem. It becomes. That is, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to manage the loading amount because the loading amount to the blasting hole may become larger than the apparent amount due to the finer granular material.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the burden on the worker in the charge operation with a simple device configuration and to reduce the work time reliably and significantly. An object is to provide a charging device and a charging method.
In particular, in the charge device and charge method that handle powdered explosives, powdered explosives must not remain in the charge device after the charge work is completed, and foreign matters may be mixed during the work. Is also strictly prohibited.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The powdered explosive charge device according to claim 1 is a powdered explosive charge device used when charging powder explosives in a blast hole,
A transport vehicle and a storage container installed in the transport vehicle;
The transport vehicle includes an elevating mechanism that elevates and lowers the traveling direction front end side of the storage container to change the installation angle of the storage container,
The storage container is opened at the lowest position on the side of the rear end portion in the traveling direction of the container, and an inlet opening portion for introducing powdered explosives having at least a part of the upper surface thereof opened into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container. An outlet for allowing powdered explosives to flow out, and an inclined surface for guiding the total amount of powdered explosives formed and stored on the rear end side in the traveling direction of the bottom surface of the container to the outlet by gravity ,
Provide a valve body capable of adjusting the opening from the fully closed position to the fully open position at the outlet ,
The inclined surface is a triangular inclined surface having sides on the side wall, the wall surface on the rear end side in the traveling direction, and the bottom surface of the container .
[0010]
In this case, it is preferable that the storage container is manufactured using a material that does not corrode (for example, stainless steel) or that the inner surface of the container is subjected to a corrosion prevention process (for example, coating).
Further, the storage container may be fixedly installed with respect to the moving means, or may be installed so as to be detachable (transferable) with respect to the moving means.
[0011]
According to such a powdered explosive charging device, it includes a transport vehicle and a storage container installed in the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle moves up and down the front end side in the traveling direction of the storage container. The storage container is provided with an elevating mechanism for changing the installation angle of the storage container, the storage container is an approximately rectangular parallelepiped container, and an inlet opening for introducing powdered explosives having at least a part of its upper surface opened; The total amount of the powder explosives that are formed at the rear end side of the container in the traveling direction at the lowest position on the rear end side in the traveling direction of the container and flow out the powdered explosives. An inclined surface that guides the outlet to the outlet by gravity, and provided with a valve body capable of adjusting the opening degree from the fully closed position to the fully opened position at the outlet , and the inclined face is provided on the side wall of the container and the rear end in the traveling direction. Triangular slope with sides on the wall and bottom side Since the, if charged particulate explosives to the storage container can be easily transported moved between blasthole. At each blasting hole, the loading speed (flow rate) is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve body, and powdery explosives in the storage container are freely dropped from the outlet to the blasting hole by gravity and loaded easily and quickly. be able to. At this time, since at least a part of the bottom surface portion is inclined so that the powdered explosives drop by gravity toward the outlet opening at the lowest position, the powdered powdered explosives are contained in the storage container. There will be no residue. Further, since the drive part is only the valve body, maintenance is easy.
In addition, by using a material that does not corrode for the storage container, or by applying a corrosion prevention treatment, it is possible to prevent the corroded pieces of the storage container from becoming a foreign substance and mixing into the granular explosives during the charge operation. .
[0012]
In this powdered explosive charging device, the transport vehicle is provided with an elevating mechanism that moves the front end of the storage container in the advancing direction to change the installation angle of the storage container. When the remaining amount of powdered explosives stored in the container has decreased, the container tilting means is activated to increase the inclination angle toward the outlet, thereby reducing the total amount of powdered explosives charged into the container. The remaining amount can be eliminated more reliably.
[0013]
The charging method for powdered explosives according to claim 2 is a method of charging powdered explosives into a blasting hole using the powdered explosive charging device according to claim 1,
Explosives storing step of charging granular explosives into the container from the inlet opening of the storage container ;
A transport movement step of transporting powdered explosives together with the storage container by the transport vehicle ;
The storage container is installed to change the installation angle so as to increase the inclination angle toward the outlet by raising the forward end of the storage container in the advancing direction by the elevating mechanism, and adjusting the opening of the valve body. A charge step for charging powder powder explosives stored in the blast hole from the outlet to the blast hole by gravity; and
It is characterized by comprising.
[0014]
According to charge such a method of particulate explosives, wherein the inlet opening of the container and explosives storage step of introducing granular explosives in the container, a particulate with said container by said transport vehicle A transfer movement step for transferring explosives, and a change in the installation angle of the storage container so as to increase the inclination angle toward the outflow port by raising the forward end side of the storage container by the elevating mechanism and the valve body A charge step of performing charge by allowing the powdered powders stored in the storage container to fall freely by gravity from the outlet to the blasting hole. If powdered explosives are thrown into the storage container in the type storage process, it can be easily transferred by the transfer vehicle in the transfer movement process, or can be easily transferred between the blast holes.
[0015]
And when charging each blast hole in the charge process, the loading speed (flow rate) is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve body, and the powdered explosives in the storage container are moved from the outlet to the blast hole by gravity. It can be dropped freely and loaded easily and quickly. At this time, an inclined surface is formed on the rear end side in the advancing direction of the bottom surface of the container so that the powdered explosives are dropped by gravity toward the outlet opening at the lowest position. There is no residual powdery powder.
[0016]
In the charging step, the installation angle of the storage container is changed and the opening degree of the valve body is adjusted so as to increase the inclination angle toward the outflow port by raising the traveling direction front end side of the storage container by the elevating mechanism. In this way, particularly when the remaining amount of the powdered explosives stored in the storage container has decreased, the lifting mechanism is operated to increase the inclination angle toward the outlet, thereby increasing the inside of the container. The total amount of the powdered explosives charged into the can be more reliably discharged and the remaining amount can be eliminated.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, one embodiment of a charging device and a charging method of granular explosives concerning the present invention is described based on a drawing.
FIGS. 1 and 2 are views showing an overall configuration of a powdered powder explosive charging device (hereinafter referred to as “charging device”), FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a charged state, and FIG. 2 is a side view. FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a charging device, 20 denotes a transport vehicle (moving transport means), and 30 denotes a storage container.
[0018]
The charge device 10 is used at a site where powdery explosives are loaded into the blast hole 1 (hereinafter referred to as “charge”) and the debris or structure is crushed by blasting work.
Specifically, it is used at mining sites such as mines and quarries, civil engineering and building construction sites, various test sites involving blasting operations, and sites that photograph and observe the state of blasting and explosions. Is possible. This charging device 10 is suitable for use in the field of charging a blast hole 1 excavated from the ground surface into the ground using a drill or the like, such as an open-pit mine or quarry. This blasting hole 1 can be applied not only to a vertical hole excavated in the vertical direction from the ground surface but also to a hole excavated obliquely from the ground surface.
[0019]
Further, for powdered explosives that can be charged with the charge device 10, that is, powder explosives including powder, granules, and a mixture, specifically, explosives mainly composed of nitrates. (ANFO and ANFO and other explosives mixed with ANFO) and the like, and in the following description, these are collectively referred to as “powder body P”.
The above-described granular material P is transported and handled as, for example, a package in a heavy bag, a plastic container, a flexible container bag, etc., and the weight per bag or pack is approximately 10 kg to 5,000 kg. Is generally.
[0020]
Now, the charging device 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which a storage container 30 is mounted on a transport vehicle 20 which is a moving transport means. In the illustrated example, a dump truck (a so-called dump truck) provided with a lifting mechanism (container tilting means) for a loading platform 21 (not shown) is employed as the transport vehicle 20. As long as the vehicle is equipped with the storage container 30 and can move from the explosive charging position to the blasting work site or move between a plurality of blasting holes, such as a railway vehicle or a railway vehicle, it is particularly limited. It is not something.
[0021]
The illustrated storage container 30 is fixedly or detachably installed on the loading platform 21 of the dump truck. The storage container 30 is a granular container that secures the maximum capacity so that the plan view substantially coincides with the loading platform shape. In the illustrated example, the storage container 30 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container, and is placed at an appropriate place such as a side surface. Is provided with a sight glass 39 so that the inside state and the remaining amount of the granular material P can be confirmed.
The storage container 30 is formed by welding plate materials to form a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and preferably uses a plate material such as stainless steel, which is a material that does not corrode. Or what welded board materials, such as a common iron plate, and performed anticorrosion processing, such as painting, for example, may be sufficient. Such anti-corrosion measures prevent the corroded portion of the plate material from peeling off and mixing into the powder P as foreign matter.
[0022]
The storage container 30 is provided with an inlet opening 31 for charging a granular material in which at least a part (that is, part or all) of the upper surface is opened. The inlet opening 31 is covered and closed with a water-resistant sheet 40 or the like after the granular material P is introduced.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface 38 of the storage container 30 is formed with an outlet opening 32 through which the lowest position is partially opened and the granular material P flows out. The outlet opening 32 is connected to a downwardly inclined outlet channel 33 projecting to the outside, and the tip of the outlet opening 33 serves as an outlet 34 through which the granular material P flows out. The outlet 34 is at a position lower than the outlet opening 32, and a valve body 35 having a function of adjusting the flow rate of the powder P is provided. Note that the outlet opening 32 needs to be opened smoothly so as not to cause a step higher than the bottom surface 38 so that the granular material P does not remain in the container.
[0023]
The valve body 35 used here is capable of adjusting the opening from the fully closed position to the fully open position. For example, a so-called choke valve is optimal, but a cut gate or a damper may be adopted. . And you may provide the elbow pipe which changes an outflow direction as needed in the downstream of the valve body 35. FIG.
In the illustrated example, the outlet 34 is provided so as to be located at the rearmost part of the transport vehicle amount 20 and in the vicinity of the end on the right side in the traveling direction.
[0024]
At least a part of the bottom surface 37 of the storage container 30 is inclined so that the entire amount of the stored granular material P is guided from the outlet opening 32 to the outlet 34 by gravity, that is, flows out by its own weight. . Further, the inside of the storage container 30 is not formed with a protrusion that prevents the smooth flow of the powder P toward the outlet opening 32, that is, the protrusion that causes the powder P to remain inside. It is necessary to give sufficient consideration to prevent the formation of
[0025]
In the illustrated example, an inclined surface 36 is formed on the side wall rear end side on the left side in the traveling direction. The inclined surface 36 is a surface formed by cutting out a substantially triangular pyramid-shaped portion 30a indicated by an imaginary line in the drawing from a corner C which is the lower left side behind the storage container 30 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. is there.
By providing the inclined surface 36, the powder P flows toward the outlet opening 32 that opens at the lowest position of the bottom surface 37, for example, when the amount of the powder P stored in the container decreases. . In particular, when the storage container 30 is tilted by the container tilting means, the granular material P that has flowed straight on the left side in the traveling direction is also guided to the inclined surface 36 and changes its direction, and flows from the outlet opening 32 to the outlet 34. It will be. In the case where the container tilting means is not provided, the outlet opening 32 may be the lowest position in the container with the bottom surface 37 as an inclined surface that is lowered toward the outlet opening 32 side.
Moreover, if the container tilting means that can change the tilt angle of the storage container 30 in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is provided, the entire amount of the powder P can be more reliably discharged from the container. it can.
[0026]
By the way, the inclined surface 36 of the storage container 30 mentioned above is made into the structure which welded or bent between board | plate materials in the junction part with the bottom face 37. FIG. In the illustrated example, a bending angle reduction member 38 is provided as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 4 in order to make this bending angle as obtuse as large as possible. This smoothes the flow of the joining portion and makes it difficult for the granular material P to remain in the container. Therefore, in place of such a bending angle reduction member 38, although the cost increases, a structure using a member in which the joint portion is formed into a smooth concave curved surface shape by a molding die or the like is most preferable.
[0027]
In addition, the shape of the storage container 30 described above effectively uses the loading platform 21 of the transport vehicle 20 so that the center of gravity becomes high and the running stability and the stability during the charge operation are not impaired, and as much powder P as possible. Can be transported. However, the storage container 30 of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, the storage container 30 has a cylindrical shape or a prismatic shape, and the bottom portion has an inverted conical shape or You may employ | adopt the structure which provided the exit opening 32 in the lowest end part as an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape.
[0028]
Hereinafter, the procedure and method of charging the blast hole 1 using the above-described charging device 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the first explosives storage step shown in FIG. 5A, the powder P is put into the storage container 30 mounted on the loading platform 21 of the transport vehicle 20. This granular material P is received in the form of a bag placed in a heavy bag, a plastic container or a flexible container bag, which is opened sequentially, and the water-resistant sheet 40 is removed, and it is inserted through the upper inlet opening 31. To do. In this case, the valve body 35 is in a fully closed state indicated by black in the drawing.
[0029]
In such a charging operation, when the storage container 30 has a relatively large capacity and the granular material P is handled in the form of packing with a large-capacity flexible container bag, the flexible container bag is attached to the inlet opening 31 using a crane vehicle or the like. The bag can be easily and efficiently charged in a short time by holding the bag suspended from the upper position of the bag and opening the lower end of the bag or its vicinity from this state.
In addition, when the capacity | capacitance of the storage container 30 is comparatively small, you may handle in the package of a heavy bag or a plastic container.
[0030]
In this way, after the necessary amount of the granular material P is put into the storage container 30, an operation of completely covering and closing the upper opening 31 with the water-resistant sheet 40 is performed. Such a covering with the water-resistant sheet 40 is such that the granular material P in the storage container 30 is scattered outside the container in the subsequent transport movement process or the charging process, or foreign substances are mixed into the granular material P from the outside. The explosives storage step is completed when this operation is completed.
[0031]
After the explosives storage process is completed, the process moves to the transport movement process shown in FIG. In this process, the transport vehicle 20 travels and transports the storage container 30 and the powder P in the container 30 to the charging site where the powder P is loaded into the blast hole 1. This process ends when the medicine arrives at the charging site, but the valve body 35 in this case is also maintained in the fully closed state indicated by black in the drawing.
[0032]
When the charging device 10 arrives at the charging site, the process proceeds to a charging step in which the blasting hole 1 is sequentially loaded with the granular material P. In this step, the stop position of the transport vehicle 20 is adjusted so that the outflow port 34 is positioned above the blast hole 1 to be charged, and the valve body 35 is opened after confirming that the outflow port 35 is in an appropriate position. . At this time, the opening degree of the valve body 35 is appropriately adjusted while observing the flow of the granular material P that freely falls by gravity from the outlet 35.
As a result, the granular material P in the storage container 30 flows from the container toward the outlet opening 32 by its own weight, and further blasts through the outlet channel 33 and the valve body 35 from the outlet 34 to the ground surface. It falls into the hole 1 and is charged. When the charging to the blasting hole 1 is completed, the valve body 35 is fully closed, but the completion of charging is confirmed by the same means and method as in the prior art.
[0033]
Thus, when the charging to the blasting hole 1 that is the first charging process is completed, the transport vehicle 20 is moved to the vicinity of the other adjacent blasting hole 1 in the same manner as the transport movement process described above. Then, the second charging step is started by the same procedure as that of the first charging step described above, and the transfer movement step and the charging step are repeated in the same manner.
By repeating such charge, the amount of the powder particles in the storage container 30 gradually decreases, but the remaining amount of the powder particles in the storage container 30 is visually observed from, for example, the sight glass 39 provided on the side of the container. Can be confirmed.
[0034]
Further, in the above-described charging process, when the charging device 10 is provided with a container tilting means such as a dump truck lifting platform raising / lowering mechanism, it is determined that the amount of powder particles flowing out from the outlet 34 has decreased, for example. In such a case, the container tilting means is actuated as necessary, such as when the remaining amount of the granular material P has decreased, and the storage container 30 can be tilted more than the repose angle of the internal granular material P. preferable. As a result, it is possible to optimize the outflow amount of the granular material P to eliminate the increase in the charging time, or to more reliably prevent the granular material P from remaining in the storage container 30.
[0035]
The above-described charging device 10 of the present invention is provided with a weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the storage container 30 in which the granular material P is stored, or the flow rate of the granular material P flowing out from the outlet 34 is measured. For example, it may be possible to more accurately grasp the amount of charge to each blast hole by providing a flow rate measuring means.
Further, in order to adjust the amount of the granular material P to be charged from the inside of the storage container 30 to the blasting hole, vibrations are made at different optimum positions for each device such as the inside of the storage container 30 or the downstream side of the outlet 34. You may install suitably feeders, such as a feeder, a belt conveyor, a chain conveyor, and an auger.
[0036]
In addition, the structure of this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the above-described charging device and charging method for powdered explosives according to the present invention, powdered explosives are charged into the storage container and then easily transported to the site by a transport vehicle , or between blast holes. Each blast hole can be easily transported and moved, and the loading speed is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve body, and the powdered explosives in the storage container can be freely dropped by gravity from the outlet to the blast hole. Since it can be loaded quickly, it has a remarkable effect of shortening the charge work time and reducing the burden on the worker.
[0038]
Also, since at least a part of the bottom surface is inclined so that the powdered explosives drop by gravity toward the outlet opening at the lowest position, the powdery granular explosives remain in the storage container. There is nothing to do. Furthermore, since the drive portion of the apparatus is only the lifting mechanism and the valve body, the apparatus is extremely high in operating efficiency with easy maintenance and few failures.
In addition, by using a material that does not corrode for the storage container, or by applying a corrosion prevention treatment, it is possible to prevent the corroded pieces of the storage container from becoming a foreign substance and mixing into the granular explosives during the charge operation. .
[0039]
Further, since equipped with a lifting mechanism for changing the installation angle of the container so as to increase the inclination angle toward the outlet, even if that has especially become less remaining amount of particulate explosives housed in the housing vessel, lifting By operating the mechanism and making the inclination angle toward the outlet larger than the repose angle, the entire amount of the powdered explosives charged into the container can be more reliably discharged and the remaining amount can be eliminated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a charged state, showing an embodiment of a powdered explosive charging device according to the present invention.
2 is a side view of the powdered explosive charging device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a storage container in the powdered explosive charging device shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are process diagrams showing a procedure and a method for performing a charge work using the powdered powder explosive charge device shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 5A is an explosives storing step, and FIG. Step (c) is a charge step.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blast hole 10 Charger apparatus 20 of powder granular explosives Transport vehicle (moving transport means)
21 Loading platform 30 Storage container 31 Inlet opening 32 Outlet opening 33 Outlet channel 34 Outlet 35 Valve body 36 Inclined surface 37 Bottom surface 38 Bending angle reducing member 39 Sight glass 40 Water-resistant sheet P Powder (powder powder)

Claims (2)

A powder explosive charge device used when charging powder explosives into a blast hole,
A transport vehicle and a storage container installed in the transport vehicle;
The transport vehicle includes an elevating mechanism that elevates and lowers the traveling direction front end side of the storage container to change the installation angle of the storage container,
The storage container is opened at the lowest position on the rear end side in the advancing direction of the container, and an inlet opening for introducing powdered explosives having at least a part of its upper surface opened into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container. An outlet for discharging powdered explosives, and an inclined surface for guiding the total amount of powdered explosives formed and stored on the rear end side in the traveling direction of the bottom surface of the container to the outlet by gravity ,
Provide a valve body whose opening can be adjusted from the fully closed position to the fully open position at the outlet ,
The charging device for powdered explosives, wherein the inclined surface is a triangular inclined surface having sides on the side wall of the container, the wall surface on the rear end side in the traveling direction, and the bottom surface . A method of charging powder explosives into a blast hole using the powder explosive charge device according to claim 1,
Explosives storing step of charging granular explosives into the container from the inlet opening of the storage container ;
A transport movement step of transporting powdered explosives together with the storage container by the transport vehicle ;
By changing the installation angle of the storage container and adjusting the opening degree of the valve body so as to increase the inclination angle toward the outlet by raising the front end side in the traveling direction of the storage container by the lifting mechanism , the storage container A charge step for charging powder powder explosives housed in the free fall by gravity from the outlet to the blast hole; and
A method for charging powdered explosives, comprising:

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