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JP3904672B2 - Batch composition for production of soda lime silica-based copper red glass and method for producing the glass - Google Patents
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JP3904672B2 - Batch composition for production of soda lime silica-based copper red glass and method for producing the glass - Google Patents

Batch composition for production of soda lime silica-based copper red glass and method for producing the glass Download PDF

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JP3904672B2
JP3904672B2 JP14107497A JP14107497A JP3904672B2 JP 3904672 B2 JP3904672 B2 JP 3904672B2 JP 14107497 A JP14107497 A JP 14107497A JP 14107497 A JP14107497 A JP 14107497A JP 3904672 B2 JP3904672 B2 JP 3904672B2
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weight
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glass
silica
copper
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JPH10316450A (en
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正男 北山
元宏 平
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Nihon Yamamura Glass Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C14/00Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
    • C03C14/006Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of microcrystallites, e.g. of optically or electrically active material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • C03C3/087Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/02Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass

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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物及び該ガラスの製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、連続溶解・成形プロセスにおいても安定した赤色発色が可能なソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスを製造するためのバッチ組成物及び該ガラスの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
銅赤ガラスは昔から工芸品として生産されているが、現在において一般に用いられているガラス瓶、ガラス食器、板ガラス等の用途に対して工業的に連続生産されているソーダライムシリカ系ガラスに関する限りは、安定した銅赤ガラスの製造例は知られていない。
銅赤ガラスの発色は、金属銅コロイド又はCu2 Oコロイドの析出に基づくものであることが知られているが、商品価値の高い紫外線を全く透過させない、鮮明な赤色発色を得るにはCu2 Oコロイドを安定して析出させることが必要である。ところが、通常のソーダライムシリカ系ガラスの製造条件下では、銅はCu0 ⇔Cu+ ⇔Cu2+の平衡に基づき3種の状態で存在する可能性があり、何れか1種、特に中間の状態である一価の銅を安定的に高比率で得ることは極めて困難である。また銅が一価の状態で存在しても、熱処理条件によっては金属銅のコロイド発色が起こることもあり、常に適当な粒径のCu2 Oコロイドが安定して析出するとは限らない。
以上がソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの工業的連続生産が実現していない主な理由である。
これらの問題点を解決する方法として、特公平4−24296 号公報には、銅原料として酸化銅(CuO)、還元剤としてカーボンを使用し、さらに好ましくは着色成分助剤として酸化錫(SnO)を添加したバッチ組成物が開示されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記特公平4−24296 号公報に開示されたバッチ組成物は、赤色発色を得るために酸化・還元の度合いを示す酸化指数が−100 以下と極めて強い還元性に限定されており、ガラス製品製造工程でガラスの欠点となる泡の発生が多く、効率の良い生産を行うには未だ多くの課題が残されている。
上記理由から、ソーダライムシリカ系ガラスの生産においては、赤色ガラスを得るにはCdSe又はCdSを用いているのが現状である。
しかし、カドミウムを含有する原料は高価であるのみならず環境保全、作業環境上の理由から好ましくなく、安価の銅赤ガラスの安定した製造が強く望まれていた。
【0004】
そこで本発明は、上記従来における問題点を解消し、熱処理により常に適当な粒径のCu2 Oコロイドを安定して析出させ、鮮明で均一な赤色発色を得ることができるソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの工業的連続生産に適したバッチ組成物を提供すること、及び該ガラスの製造方法を提供することを課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、ソーダライムシリカ系ガラスの通常の基本構成原料の他に、酸化銅(CuO)、カーボン、酸化錫(SnO)及び酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の4種類の原料を適切な配合比率で添加することにより、既設の連続生産設備を用いて泡等の欠点のない鮮明で均一な赤色発色が得られることを見い出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
即ち、本発明のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物は、珪砂100 重量部に対し、ソーダ灰を26〜36重量部、石灰石を23〜33重量部、芒硝を0.8 〜1.2 重量部、酸化銅(CuO)を0.06〜0.12重量部、カーボンを0.21〜0.28重量部、酸化錫(SnO)を1.6 〜2.5 重量部、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を0.5 〜7.0 重量部の比率で各原料が含まれることを第1の特徴としている。
【0007】
また本発明のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物は、珪砂100 重量部に対し、ソーダ灰を26〜36重量部、石灰石を23〜33重量部、芒硝を0.8 〜1.2 重量部、酸化銅(CuO)を0.07〜0.10重量部、カーボンを 0.23 〜0.26重量部、酸化錫(SnO)を1.8 〜2.2 重量部、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を2.0 〜5.0 重量部の比率で各原料が含まれることを第2の特徴としている。
【0008】
また、本発明のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造方法は、珪砂100 重量部に対し、ソーダ灰を26〜36重量部、石灰石を23〜33重量部、芒硝を0.8 〜1.2 重量部、酸化銅(CuO)を0.06〜0.12重量部、カーボンを0.21〜0.28重量部、酸化錫(SnO)を1.6 〜2.5 重量部、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を0.5 〜7.0 重量部の比率で各原料が含まれるソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラス製造用バッチ組成物を1200〜1500℃で1〜24時間溶融し、成形した後、520 〜580 ℃に5 〜10分間保持することを特徴としている。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物は、通常の無色透明のガラス瓶、ガラス食器、板ガラス等の製造に用いられる基本的バッチ組成範囲(珪砂100 重量部に対し、ソーダ灰26〜36重量部、石灰石23〜33重量部等)に加えて、珪砂100 重量部に対し、酸化銅(CuO)を0.06〜0.12重量部、カーボンを0.21〜0.28重量部、酸化錫(SnO)を1.6 〜2.5 重量部、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を0.5 〜7.0 重量部の比率で各原料が含まれる。
ソーダライムシリカ系ガラスには通常1〜5重量%程度のアルミナ成分が含有されているが、珪砂中にアルミナ成分が存在しない場合には、上記の原料の他にアルミナ、水酸化アルミニウム、長石類等の原料を用いて調整すればよい。このような原料配合比率とすることにより、520 〜580 ℃で5〜10分間保持する熱処理を行うことで、4mm厚換算で主波長(λd )が約595 〜620 nm、明度(Y)が約5〜35%、刺激純度(Pe)が約40〜100 %、好ましくは約70〜100 %の色調を有する鮮明で均一な赤色発色した、泡等の欠点のないソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスを安定して連続生産することができる。
【0010】
赤色発色は、主として酸化銅(CuO)と還元剤であるカーボンの作用により起こる。
ここで、珪砂100 重量部に対する酸化銅(CuO)の重量部(以下、砂比とする)が0.06未満では、発色が不十分となるおそれがある。逆に酸化銅(CuO)の砂比が0.12を越えると、赤色が濃くなりすぎて商品価値を損なうおそれがある。
酸化銅(CuO)の砂比は、赤色発色の鮮明さを考慮すると、0.07〜0.10であることがより好ましい。
【0011】
カーボンの砂比は、0.21未満では発色が不十分となるおそれがある。逆に0.28を越えると、ガラス溶融中に泡の発生が多くなり安定した生産が困難になると共に、熱処理した際に金属銅コロイドが析出し、アンバー色の色調が現れ商品価値を損なうおそれもある。この傾向は、特に酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の配合量が少ないときに顕著である。
カーボンの砂比は、赤色発色の鮮明さ、色調及び生産性を考慮すると、0.23〜0.26であることがより好ましい。
尚、ここで示したカーボンの砂比は、カーボン純度100 %の場合の数値であり、使用するカーボンの純度が異なる場合にはそれに応じて砂比を変更する。
【0012】
酸化錫(SnO)はレドックス緩衝剤としての役割を有する。即ち、酸化錫(SnO)は溶融ガラス中ではSn2+⇔Sn4+の平衡状態で存在し、還元性不足の傾向の場合には還元剤としての作用を有し、逆に還元性過剰の傾向の場合には酸化剤としての作用を有する。
酸化錫(SnO)の砂比は、1.6 未満では発色が不十分となるおそれがある。また、2.5 を越える場合も赤色が薄くなると共に色調が変化してオレンジ色を呈し、商品価値を損なうおそれがある。
酸化錫(SnO)の配合量をこのように従来よりも多くすることによりカーボンの配合量を抑制することができ、鮮明な赤色発色した、泡等の欠点のないソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスを安定して連続生産することができる。
酸化錫(SnO)の砂比は、赤色発色の鮮明さや色調を考慮すると、1.8 〜2.2 であることがより好ましい。
【0013】
酸化亜鉛(ZnO)は融剤としての作用を有すると共に、着色剤の分散剤としての作用を有する。またアルカリ金属含有量を増やすことなく粘性を下げる効果を有するので、生産性を落とすことなく、熱処理時に安定で均一な赤色発色を呈する。
酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を添加しなくても赤色発色は得られるが、安定性に欠け、均一な赤色発色が得られない。
酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の砂比は、0.5 未満では上記の効果が得られなくなるおそれがある。7.0 を越える量としても赤色発色にそれ以上の変化はない。
酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の砂比は、赤色発色の鮮明さ及び着色の均一性を考慮すると、2.0 〜5.0 であることがより好ましい。
【0014】
上記のように、酸化銅(CuO)、カーボン、酸化錫(SnO)及び酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の4種類の原料を本発明により見い出された適切な配合比率で添加することにより、効率のよい安定生産が可能なソーダライムシリカ系ガラスの酸化指数である+5〜−85の範囲内に調整することができ、且つ鮮明で均一な赤色発色が得られる。この銅赤ガラスの場合、バッチ組成物での好ましい酸化指数は−60〜−75であり、より好ましくは−62〜−70である。
【0015】
ここで、酸化指数とは、W.H.Manring らが1958年3月に“The Glass Industry第39巻、第3号、第139 〜142 頁及び第170 頁”において発表した概念であり、ガラスの酸化性、還元性の指標となるものである。
本発明のバッチ組成物の配合原料の内、酸化性の原料は芒硝であり、還元性の原料はカーボンである。砂比1の場合のレドックスの値(係数)はそれぞれ+13.4、−320 である。酸化錫(SnO)は酸化剤としても還元剤としても働くので、中性原料として扱う。また酸化銅(CuO)も中性原料として扱う。
【0016】
本発明のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造方法において、バッチ組成物の溶融温度は1200〜1500℃、溶融温度は1〜24時間とするのが好ましい。赤色発色のための最高温度での熱処理温度はガラス転移温度より若干高い520 〜580 ℃、熱処理時間は5〜10分間とするのが好ましい。熱処理温度及び熱処理時間はこの範囲内で、組成によって最適条件を選択すればよい。熱処理温度が520 ℃よりも低いと、発色が不十分となるおそれがある。逆に、580 ℃を越えると金属銅コロイドが析出し、色調が変化し鮮明な赤色発色が得られなくなるおそれがある。
熱処理温度は、赤色発色の鮮明さ、色調、安定性及び経済性を考慮すると540 〜570 ℃であることがより好ましい。
前記熱処理時間が5分間未満の場合にも、発色が不十分となるおそれがある。10分間以上の熱処理を行っても赤色発色にそれ以上の変化はなく、経済性の観点からこれを上限としているだけであり、それ以上の時間を行っても可能である。
【0017】
ガラス瓶を製造する場合は、十分に溶融されたガラスを、フォアハースで1100〜1200℃に調整し、成型機に入れ、700 〜1000℃の間で瓶の形に成型する。成型された瓶は500 〜600 ℃の状態で歪みを取り除く為に徐冷炉に入れられ、1〜2時間で常温まで下げられ、商品となる。ガラスの赤色発色は前記徐冷が行われている間に生じる。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。が、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
また、実施例、比較例において、主波長(λd )、明度(Y)、刺激純度(Pe)は、4mm厚に鏡面研磨したサンプルを、一般的に用いられているC1E法に基づい測定した。
【0019】
実施例1
珪砂100 重量部に対し、ソーダ灰を33重量部、石灰石を26重量部、芒硝を1.0 重量部、酸化銅(CuO)を0.06重量部、カーボンを0.26重量部、酸化錫(SnO)を2.0 重量部、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を2.2 重量部の比率で各原料を秤量し、混合してバッチ組成物を調製した。このバッチ組成物を溶解能力15トン/日の連続溶解窯に導入し、ガラス溶融温度1400℃で24時間溶融後成型し、通常の徐冷窯設備を有するラインでガラス瓶の生産を行った。徐冷窯入口付近の最高の温度設定ゾーンの雰囲気温度を570 ℃とし、このゾーンを5分間で通過させて赤色発色させ、その後、同じ通過速度で徐々に冷却し徐歪を行った。
得られたガラス瓶は鮮明で均一に赤色発色しており、測定サンプルの厚み4mmで、主波長(λd )が596 nm、明度(Y)が35%、刺激純度(Pe)が42%であった。
尚、この場合のバッチ組成物の酸化指数は次のように計算される。
13.4×1.0 −320 ×0.26=−69.8
【0020】
実施例2〜15及び比較例1〜2
珪砂100 重量部に対する酸化銅(CuO)、カーボン、酸化錫(SnO)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の重量比を変更する以外は、実施例1と同様の条件でガラス瓶を生産した。実施例1と合わせ、結果を表1〜4に示す。
また、実施例3により得たガラス瓶について、厚さ4mmのときの透過率曲線を図1に示す。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003904672
【0022】
【表2】
Figure 0003904672
【0023】
【表3】
Figure 0003904672
【0024】
【表4】
Figure 0003904672
【0025】
表1〜4から明らかなように、本発明のバッチ組成物からは鮮明で均一に赤色発色したガラス瓶が得られる(符号○で示す)。一方、本発明以外のバッチ組成物からは所望の赤色ガラス瓶は得られない(符号△、×で示す)。尚、符号△は不均一な赤色発色、符号×は着色しないことを示す。
また図1から明らかなように、実施例3で示すガラス瓶は、波長600 nm付近未満におけるほとんどの波長の光を透過せず、その一方、波長600 nm付近以上の波長の光を透過しており、この瓶が鮮明な赤色を呈することが判る。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に記載のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物によれば、このバッチ組成物を用いることで、熱処理により常に適当な粒径のCu2 Oコロイドを安定して析出させることができ、鮮明で均一に赤色発色すると共に紫外線を全く透過させない、且つ泡等の欠点のないソーダライムシリカ系ガラスを、既設の連続生産設備を用いて工業的に大量生産することができる。
更に、従来のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造においては、通常のガラス製造工程でのスケジュールの徐冷以外に、より長時間の最高温度部での熱処理を必要としたが、本発明のバッチ組成物としたことにより、特殊な徐冷条件は不必要となり、生産性が著しく向上する。さらに熱処理条件を適当に変更することにより、色調を微妙に変えることができる。
また請求項2に記載のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物によれば、請求項1に記載のバッチ組成物による上記効果を一層効果的に発揮することができる。
また請求項3に記載のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造方法によれば、現に、鮮明で安定した赤色発色のソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスを、通常のガラス製造工程に特別の工程を付加することなく、製造することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例3において得たガラス瓶についての380 〜780 nmの波長域における厚さ4mmのときの透過率を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a batch composition for producing soda lime silica-based copper red glass and a method for producing the glass. More specifically, the present invention relates to a batch composition for producing a soda lime silica-based copper red glass capable of stable red color development even in a continuous melting and molding process, and a method for producing the glass.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Copper red glass has long been produced as a craft, but as far as soda-lime-silica glass is industrially continuously produced for applications such as glass bottles, glass tableware, and plate glass that are commonly used today. There are no known production examples of stable copper red glass.
It is known that the color development of copper red glass is based on the precipitation of metal copper colloid or Cu 2 O colloid. However, to obtain a clear red color that does not transmit high commercial value ultraviolet rays at all, Cu 2 It is necessary to deposit O colloid stably. However, under normal conditions for producing soda-lime-silica glass, copper may exist in three states based on the equilibrium of Cu 0 ⇔Cu + Cu 2+ , and any one, particularly intermediate It is extremely difficult to stably obtain a monovalent copper in a high ratio. Even if copper is present in a monovalent state, colloidal coloration of metallic copper may occur depending on the heat treatment conditions, and a Cu 2 O colloid having an appropriate particle size is not always stably precipitated.
The above is the main reason why industrial continuous production of soda lime silica-based copper red glass has not been realized.
As a method for solving these problems, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-24296 uses copper oxide (CuO) as a copper raw material, carbon as a reducing agent, and more preferably tin oxide (SnO) as a coloring component auxiliary. A batch composition is disclosed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the batch composition disclosed in the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-24296 is limited to an extremely strong reducibility with an oxidation index indicating a degree of oxidation / reduction of -100 or less in order to obtain a red color. In the product manufacturing process, there are many occurrences of bubbles, which are disadvantages of glass, and many problems still remain for efficient production.
For the above reasons, in the production of soda lime silica glass, CdSe or CdS is currently used to obtain red glass.
However, the raw material containing cadmium is not only expensive, but is not preferable for reasons of environmental protection and working environment, and stable production of inexpensive copper red glass has been strongly desired.
[0004]
Therefore, the present invention eliminates the above-mentioned conventional problems, and stably deposits a Cu 2 O colloid having an appropriate particle diameter by heat treatment, so that a clear and uniform red color can be obtained. It is an object to provide a batch composition suitable for industrial continuous production of glass, and to provide a method for producing the glass.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made copper oxide (CuO), carbon, tin oxide (SnO), and oxidation in addition to the usual basic constituent materials of soda lime silica glass. By adding four kinds of raw materials of zinc (ZnO) at an appropriate blending ratio, it was found that clear and uniform red color development without defects such as bubbles could be obtained using existing continuous production equipment. Based on this, the present invention has been completed.
[0006]
That is, the batch composition for production of the soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass of the present invention comprises 26 to 36 parts by weight of soda ash, 23 to 33 parts by weight of limestone, and 0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight of mirabilite with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica sand. Parts, 0.06-0.12 parts by weight of copper oxide (CuO), 0.21-0.28 parts by weight of carbon, 1.6-2.5 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO), and 0.5-7.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO) Is included in the first feature.
[0007]
The batch composition for producing soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass of the present invention comprises 26 to 36 parts by weight of soda ash, 23 to 33 parts by weight of limestone, and 0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight of mirabilite with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica sand. Each raw material in a ratio of 0.07 to 0.10 parts by weight of copper oxide (CuO), 0.23 to 0.26 parts by weight of carbon, 1.8 to 2.2 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO), and 2.0 to 5.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO) Inclusion is a second feature.
[0008]
In addition, the production method of the soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass of the present invention is based on 100 parts by weight of silica sand, 26-36 parts by weight of soda ash, 23-33 parts by weight of limestone, 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of mirabilite, oxidation Each raw material is contained in a ratio of 0.06 to 0.12 parts by weight of copper (CuO), 0.21 to 0.28 parts by weight of carbon, 1.6 to 2.5 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO), and 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO). A batch composition for producing soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass is melted at 1200-1500 ° C. for 1-24 hours, molded, and then held at 520-580 ° C. for 5-10 minutes.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The batch composition for producing soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass of the present invention has a basic batch composition range (soda ash with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica sand) used for producing ordinary colorless and transparent glass bottles, glass tableware, plate glass, etc. 26 to 36 parts by weight, limestone 23 to 33 parts by weight, etc.), and 100 parts by weight of quartz sand, 0.06 to 0.12 parts by weight of copper oxide (CuO), 0.21 to 0.28 parts by weight of carbon, and tin oxide (SnO) Each raw material is contained in a ratio of 1.6 to 2.5 parts by weight and 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO).
Soda-lime-silica glass usually contains about 1 to 5% by weight of an alumina component. When no alumina component is present in silica sand, in addition to the above raw materials, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, feldspar What is necessary is just to adjust using raw materials, such as. By adopting such a raw material blending ratio, by performing a heat treatment held at 520 to 580 ° C. for 5 to 10 minutes, the dominant wavelength (λ d ) is about 595 to 620 nm and the lightness (Y) is 4 mm in terms of thickness. A soda-lime-silica copper red glass having a clear and uniform red color, having a color tone of about 5 to 35% and stimulating purity (Pe) of about 40 to 100%, preferably about 70 to 100%, free from defects such as bubbles. Can be stably produced continuously.
[0010]
Red color development is mainly caused by the action of copper oxide (CuO) and carbon as a reducing agent.
Here, when the weight part of copper oxide (CuO) with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica sand (hereinafter referred to as the sand ratio) is less than 0.06, the coloring may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the sand ratio of copper oxide (CuO) exceeds 0.12, the red color becomes too dark and the commercial value may be impaired.
The sand ratio of copper oxide (CuO) is more preferably 0.07 to 0.10 in consideration of the vividness of red color development.
[0011]
If the carbon sand ratio is less than 0.21, the coloring may be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.28, generation of bubbles during glass melting increases and stable production becomes difficult, and metallic copper colloids precipitate when heat-treated, and amber color may appear, which may impair commercial value. . This tendency is particularly remarkable when the amount of zinc oxide (ZnO) is small.
The sand ratio of carbon is more preferably 0.23 to 0.26 in consideration of the vividness of red color development, color tone, and productivity.
The carbon sand ratio shown here is a numerical value when the carbon purity is 100%. If the carbon used has a different purity, the sand ratio is changed accordingly.
[0012]
Tin oxide (SnO) has a role as a redox buffer. That is, tin oxide (SnO) exists in a molten glass in an equilibrium state of Sn 2+ ⇔Sn 4+ , and acts as a reducing agent when there is a tendency for insufficient reducibility. In the case of a tendency, it has an effect | action as an oxidizing agent.
If the sand ratio of tin oxide (SnO) is less than 1.6, color development may be insufficient. In addition, when the value exceeds 2.5, the red color becomes lighter and the color tone changes to exhibit an orange color, which may impair the commercial value.
By increasing the amount of tin oxide (SnO) in this way, the amount of carbon can be suppressed, and a soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass that has a vivid red color and has no defects such as bubbles can be obtained. Stable and continuous production is possible.
The sand ratio of tin oxide (SnO) is more preferably 1.8 to 2.2 in consideration of the vividness and color tone of red coloring.
[0013]
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has an effect as a flux and also acts as a dispersant for the colorant. In addition, since it has the effect of decreasing the viscosity without increasing the alkali metal content, it exhibits a stable and uniform red color during heat treatment without reducing the productivity.
Even if zinc oxide (ZnO) is not added, a red color can be obtained, but it is not stable and a uniform red color cannot be obtained.
If the sand ratio of zinc oxide (ZnO) is less than 0.5, the above effects may not be obtained. Even if the amount exceeds 7.0, there is no further change in red color development.
The sand ratio of zinc oxide (ZnO) is more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 in consideration of the vividness of red coloring and the uniformity of coloring.
[0014]
As described above, by adding four kinds of raw materials of copper oxide (CuO), carbon, tin oxide (SnO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) at an appropriate blending ratio found by the present invention, efficient and stable It can be adjusted within the range of +5 to -85, which is the oxidation index of soda-lime silica glass that can be produced, and a clear and uniform red color can be obtained. In the case of this copper red glass, the preferred oxidation index in the batch composition is −60 to −75, more preferably −62 to −70.
[0015]
Here, the oxidation index is a concept that WHManring et al. Announced in March 1958 in “The Glass Industry Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 139-142 and 170”. It is an index of reducing properties.
Of the blended raw materials of the batch composition of the present invention, the oxidizing raw material is mirabilite and the reducing raw material is carbon. The redox values (coefficients) when the sand ratio is 1 are +13.4 and -320, respectively. Since tin oxide (SnO) functions as an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, it is treated as a neutral raw material. Copper oxide (CuO) is also handled as a neutral raw material.
[0016]
In the method for producing soda lime silica-based copper red glass of the present invention, the batch composition preferably has a melting temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C. and a melting temperature of 1 to 24 hours. The heat treatment temperature at the highest temperature for red color development is preferably 520 to 580 ° C. slightly higher than the glass transition temperature, and the heat treatment time is preferably 5 to 10 minutes. The heat treatment temperature and the heat treatment time are within this range, and the optimum conditions may be selected depending on the composition. If the heat treatment temperature is lower than 520 ° C., color development may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 580 ° C., metallic copper colloid is precipitated, and the color tone may change, and a vivid red color may not be obtained.
The heat treatment temperature is more preferably 540 to 570 ° C. in consideration of the vividness of red color development, color tone, stability and economy.
Even when the heat treatment time is less than 5 minutes, coloring may be insufficient. Even if heat treatment for 10 minutes or more is performed, there is no further change in red color development, and this is merely set as the upper limit from the viewpoint of economy, and it is possible to perform more time.
[0017]
When manufacturing a glass bottle, the fully melted glass is adjusted to 1100 to 1200 ° C. with a forehearth, placed in a molding machine, and molded into a bottle shape between 700 and 1000 ° C. The molded bottle is put into a slow cooling furnace to remove distortion in a state of 500 to 600 ° C., and is lowered to room temperature in 1 to 2 hours to become a commercial product. The red coloration of the glass occurs during the slow cooling.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In Examples and Comparative Examples, the dominant wavelength (λ d ), brightness (Y), and stimulus purity (Pe) were measured based on a commonly used C1E method on a sample that had been mirror-polished to a thickness of 4 mm. .
[0019]
Example 1
For 100 parts by weight of silica sand, 33 parts by weight of soda ash, 26 parts by weight of limestone, 1.0 part by weight of mirabilite, 0.06 part by weight of copper oxide (CuO), 0.26 part by weight of carbon, and 2.0 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO) Each raw material was weighed at a ratio of 2.2 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO) and mixed to prepare a batch composition. This batch composition was introduced into a continuous melting furnace having a melting capacity of 15 tons / day, melted at a glass melting temperature of 1400 ° C. for 24 hours, and then molded, and a glass bottle was produced on a line having a normal slow cooling furnace facility. The atmospheric temperature of the highest temperature setting zone near the entrance of the slow cooling furnace was set to 570 ° C., and this zone was passed for 5 minutes to develop a red color, and then gradually cooled at the same passing speed to perform slow strain.
The obtained glass bottle was clear and uniformly colored red, the measurement sample thickness was 4 mm, the dominant wavelength (λ d ) was 596 nm, the brightness (Y) was 35%, and the stimulation purity (Pe) was 42%. It was.
In this case, the oxidation index of the batch composition is calculated as follows.
13.4 × 1.0 −320 × 0.26 = −69.8
[0020]
Examples 2-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2
A glass bottle was produced under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of copper oxide (CuO), carbon, tin oxide (SnO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) to 100 parts by weight of silica sand was changed. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 4 together with Example 1.
Moreover, about the glass bottle obtained by Example 3, the transmittance | permeability curve when thickness is 4 mm is shown in FIG.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003904672
[0022]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003904672
[0023]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003904672
[0024]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003904672
[0025]
As is clear from Tables 1 to 4, a vivid and uniformly colored red glass bottle is obtained from the batch composition of the present invention (indicated by a symbol ◯). On the other hand, a desired red glass bottle cannot be obtained from batch compositions other than the present invention (indicated by symbols Δ and X). The symbol Δ indicates non-uniform red color development, and the symbol x indicates no coloring.
As is clear from FIG. 1, the glass bottle shown in Example 3 does not transmit light of most wavelengths below 600 nm, and transmits light of wavelength of 600 nm or more. It can be seen that this bottle has a clear red color.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the batch composition for producing soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass according to claim 1, by using this batch composition, Cu 2 O colloid having an appropriate particle size is always precipitated stably by heat treatment. It is possible to industrially mass-produce soda-lime-silica glass that is vivid and uniformly colored in red, transmits no ultraviolet rays, and has no defects such as bubbles, using existing continuous production equipment.
Furthermore, in the production of the conventional soda-lime-silica copper red glass, in addition to the slow cooling of the schedule in the normal glass production process, a heat treatment was required for a longer time at the highest temperature part. By using the composition, special slow cooling conditions are unnecessary and productivity is remarkably improved. Furthermore, the color tone can be changed slightly by appropriately changing the heat treatment conditions.
Moreover, according to the batch composition for manufacturing the soda-lime-silica-based copper red glass according to claim 2, the above-described effect by the batch composition according to claim 1 can be more effectively exhibited.
In addition, according to the method for producing soda lime silica copper red glass according to claim 3, a special process is added to the normal glass production process for the soda lime silica copper red glass having a clear and stable red color. Can be manufactured without.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing the transmittance of a glass bottle obtained in Example 3 when the thickness is 4 mm in a wavelength region of 380 to 780 nm.

Claims (3)

珪砂 100 重量部に対し、
ソーダ灰 26〜36 重量部、
石灰石 23〜33 重量部、
芒硝 0.8 〜1.2 重量部、
酸化銅(CuO) 0.06〜0.12 重量部、
カーボン 0.21〜0.28 重量部、
酸化錫(SnO) 1.6 〜2.5 重量部、
酸化亜鉛(ZnO) 0.5 〜7.0 重量部
の比率で各原料が含まれることを特徴とするソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物。
For 100 parts by weight of silica sand,
26-36 parts by weight of soda ash,
23-33 parts by weight of limestone,
0.8-1.2 parts by weight of salt glass,
Copper oxide (CuO) 0.06-0.12 parts by weight,
0.21 to 0.28 parts by weight of carbon,
1.6 to 2.5 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO),
A batch composition for producing soda-lime silica-based copper red glass, wherein each raw material is contained in a ratio of 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO).
珪砂 100 重量部に対し、
ソーダ灰 26〜36 重量部、
石灰石 23〜33 重量部、
芒硝 0.8 〜1.2 重量部、
酸化銅(CuO) 0.07〜0.10 重量部、
カーボン 0.23〜0.26 重量部、
酸化錫(SnO) 1.8 〜2.2 重量部、
酸化亜鉛(ZnO) 2.0 〜5.0 重量部
の比率で各原料が含まれることを特徴とするソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造用バッチ組成物。
For 100 parts by weight of silica sand,
26-36 parts by weight of soda ash,
23-33 parts by weight of limestone,
0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight of mirabilite,
Copper oxide (CuO) 0.07 to 0.10 parts by weight,
0.23-0.26 parts by weight of carbon,
Tin oxide (SnO) 1.8-2.2 parts by weight,
A batch composition for producing soda-lime silica-based copper red glass, wherein each raw material is contained in a ratio of zinc oxide (ZnO) 2.0 to 5.0 parts by weight.
珪砂 100 重量部に対し、
ソーダ灰 26〜36 重量部、
石灰石 23〜33 重量部、
芒硝 0.8 〜 1.2 重量部、
酸化銅(CuO) 0.06〜0.12 重量部、
カーボン 0.21〜0.28 重量部、
酸化錫(SnO) 1.6 〜2.5 重量部、
酸化亜鉛(ZnO) 0.5 〜7.0 重量部
の比率で各原料が含まれるソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラス製造用バッチ組成物を1200〜1500℃で1〜24時間溶融し、成形した後、520 〜580 ℃に5 〜10分間保持することを特徴とするソーダライムシリカ系銅赤ガラスの製造方法。
For 100 parts by weight of silica sand,
26-36 parts by weight of soda ash,
23-33 parts by weight of limestone,
0.8 to 1.2 parts by weight of salt glass,
Copper oxide (CuO) 0.06-0.12 parts by weight,
0.21 to 0.28 parts by weight of carbon,
1.6 to 2.5 parts by weight of tin oxide (SnO),
Zinc oxide (ZnO) 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight A batch composition for producing soda lime silica-based copper red glass containing each raw material at a ratio of 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight at 1200 to 1500 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours and molded, and then 520 to 580 A method for producing a soda-lime-silica copper red glass, characterized by holding at 5 ° C. for 5 to 10 minutes.
JP14107497A 1997-05-14 1997-05-14 Batch composition for production of soda lime silica-based copper red glass and method for producing the glass Expired - Fee Related JP3904672B2 (en)

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