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JP3906476B2 - A surface-coated cemented carbide drill in which the surface coating layer is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion - Google Patents
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JP3906476B2 - A surface-coated cemented carbide drill in which the surface coating layer is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion - Google Patents

A surface-coated cemented carbide drill in which the surface coating layer is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion Download PDF

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JP3906476B2
JP3906476B2 JP34615099A JP34615099A JP3906476B2 JP 3906476 B2 JP3906476 B2 JP 3906476B2 JP 34615099 A JP34615099 A JP 34615099A JP 34615099 A JP34615099 A JP 34615099A JP 3906476 B2 JP3906476 B2 JP 3906476B2
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cemented carbide
coating layer
carbide
drill
sputter
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JP2001162418A (en
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安彦 田代
和則 佐藤
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、表面被覆層が超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜で構成され、前記超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜は超微粒組織およびすぐれた密着性を有することから、特に穴あけ加工を高速で行った場合にも、切刃面にチッピング(微小欠け)の発生なく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を長期に亘って発揮する表面被覆超硬合金製ドリル(以下、被覆超硬ドリルと云う)に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、一般に、被覆超硬ドリルとして、例えば図1(a)に概略拡大正面図で示される通り先端面を切刃面とし、かつ4〜16mmの外径を有する溝形成部と、シャンク部とからなり、さらに前記溝形成部が図1(b)に長さ方向中央部におけるドリル中心線に対して直角な方向の断面(直角断面)図で示される構造をもち、かつ結合相形成成分としてCo:5〜16重量%を含有する炭化タングステン基超硬合金(以下、単に超硬合金と云う)の焼結体で構成されたドリル本体(以下、超硬ドリル本体と云う)の少なくとも前記先端面切刃面を含む溝形成部の表面に、Tiの炭化物(以下、TiCで示す)層、窒化物(以下、TiNで示す)層、炭窒化物(以下、TiCNで示す)層、炭酸化物(以下、TiCOで示す)層、窒酸化物(以下、TiNOで示す)層、および炭窒酸化物(以下、TiCNOで示す)層のうちの1種の単層または2種以上の複層からなるTi化合物層と、酸化アルミニウム(以下、Al23で示す)層で構成されたセラミック硬質層からなる表面被覆層を1〜10μmの平均厚さで化学蒸着および/または物理蒸着してなる被覆超硬ドリルが知られている。
また、上記の超硬ドリル本体が、原料粉末として、いずれも0.5〜6μmの範囲内の所定の平均粒径を有するWC粉末、(Ti,W)C粉末、(Ti,W)CN粉末、(Ta,Nb)C粉末、TaC粉末、NbC粉末、ZrC粉末、VC粉末、Cr32粉末、Co粉末、およびCr粉末などを用い、これら原料粉末を所定の配合組成に配合し、湿式混合し、乾燥した後、所定径を有する丸棒圧粉体にプレス成形し、この丸棒圧粉体を、10-1Torr以上の真空度の真空雰囲気中、5〜10℃/分の昇温速度で1370〜1470℃の範囲内の所定の温度に昇温し、この昇温温度に1〜2時間保持後、炉冷の条件で焼結して、結合相形成成分としてのCo含有量を焼結性および靭性(強度)付与の目的で5〜16重量%含有した超硬合金で構成された丸棒焼結体素材を形成し、この丸棒焼結体素材から図1に示される形状に研削加工することにより製造されることも知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一方、近年の穴あけ加工の省力化および省エネ化、さらに低コスト化に対する要求は強く、これに伴い、ボール盤などの高性能化と相俟って、穴あけ加工は高速化の傾向にあるが、上記の従来被覆超硬ドリルにおいては、これの表面被覆層を構成するセラミック硬質層の超硬ドリル本体表面に対する密着性が十分でなく、かつこれ自体高硬度を有するが、靭性のきわめて低いものであることから、前記セラミック硬質層にチッピング発生の原因となる剥離が発生し易い状態となり、この結果比較的短時間で使用寿命に至るのが現状である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者らは、上述のような観点から、被覆超硬ドリルにおいて、超硬ドリル本体の表面に対する密着性にすぐれ、かつ特に高速穴あけ加工でも切刃面にチッピングの発生のない靭性を有する表面被覆層を開発すべく研究を行った結果、通常のスパッタリング装置、例えば図2に概略説明図で示されるスパッタリング装置の基板に、先端面切刃面を含む溝形成部が例えば図1に示される形状に研削加工され、かつ結合相形成成分として所定量のCoを含有する超硬ドリル本体を、前記溝形成部を下側にして垂下した状態で装着し、またターゲットとして同じく所定量のCoを含有する超硬合金を用い、装置内をヒーターで300〜600℃に加熱した状態で、圧力:2〜5×10-3TorrのAr反応雰囲気中、前記基板には例えば−100V、前記ターゲットには例えば−800Vのバイアス電圧を印加して、前記基板とターゲット間にプラズマを発生させた条件でスパッタを行うと、上記超硬ドリル本体の表面に、表面被覆層として前記ターゲットを構成する超硬合金と同種の組成を有する超硬スパッタ蒸着皮膜を形成することができるようになり、この場合上記超硬ドリル本体として結合相形成成分であるCoの含有量を上記の従来超硬ドリル本体と同じく5〜16重量%とした超硬ドリル本体を用いて、十分な靭性を具備せしめ、かつ上記ターゲットの結合相形成成分であるCoの含有量を前記超硬ドリル本体に比して相対的に少ない1〜4重量%とした超硬合金を用いて、前記超硬ドリル本体に比して相対的に硬質とした超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜を表面被覆層として1〜10μmの平均厚さで形成すると、この結果の被覆超硬ドリルにおいては、
(a)表面被覆層としての上記超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜が超硬ドリル本体と同種の超硬合金からなるので、前記超硬ドリル本体表面に対する密着性が著しく高いものとなり、この結果高速穴あけ加工でも剥離の発生なく、チッピングの発生が著しく抑制されるようになること。
(b)上記超硬合スパッタ蒸着皮膜は、結合相形成成分としてのCoの含有量が1〜4重量%と上記超硬ドリル本体の5〜16重量%に比して相対的に低いので、前記超硬ドリル本体に比して硬質となることから、耐摩耗性の向上が図れること。
(c)一般に超硬合金の焼結体では、原料粉末として平均粒径で1μm以下の微細なWC粉末を用い、かつWC粒成長抑制あるいはWC粒微細化の目的でCr32粉末やCr粉末を配合しても、走査型電子顕微鏡による断面組織観察で、WC粒の平均粒径を0.5μm以下にすることはきわめて困難であるが、上記の超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜は、WC粒が、上記ターゲットを構成する超硬合金のWC粒の粒径にかかわらず、平均粒径で0.05μm以下の超微粒組織をもつようになり、これによって耐摩耗性の一段の向上がもたらされること。
以上(a)〜(c)に示される特性を具備するようになるという研究結果が得られたのである。
【0005】
この発明は、上記の研究結果に基づいてなされたものであって、
シャンク部と、先端面を切刃面とし、かつ4〜16mmの外径を有する溝形成部とからなると共に、結合相形成成分としてCo:5〜16重量%を含有する超硬ドリル本体の少なくとも前記先端面切刃面を含む溝形成部の表面に、結合相形成成分としてCo:1〜4重量%を含有する超硬合金からなり、かつ超微粒組織を有する超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜で構成された表面被覆層を1〜10μmの平均厚さで形成してなる、表面被覆層が超微粒組織およびすぐれた密着性を有する超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜で構成された被覆超硬ドリルに特徴を有するものである。
【0006】
以下に、この発明の被覆超硬ドリルにおいて、これを構成する超硬ドリル本体および超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜のCo含有量、並びに超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜の平均厚さを上記の通りに限定した理由を説明する。
(1) 超硬ドリル本体のCo含有量
その含有量が5重量%未満では、特に穴あけ加工を高速で行った場合に要求される靭性、すなわち先端面切刃面にチッピングが発生することのない十分な靭性を確保することができず、一方その含有量が16重量%を越えると、特に先端面切刃面に熱塑性変形が起り易くなり、これが偏摩耗の原因となって急速な摩耗進行をきたすようになることから、その含有量を5〜16重量%と定めた。
【0007】
(2) 超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜のCo含有量
その含有量が1重量%未満では、超硬ドリル本体表面への密着性が不充分となるばかりでなく、十分な皮膜強度が得られず、一方その含有量が4重量%を越えると、特に高速で穴あけ加工を行った場合の摩耗が急速に進行するようになることから、その含有量を1〜4重量%と定めた。
【0008】
(3) 超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜の平均厚さ
その平均厚さが1μm未満では、所望の耐摩耗性を確保することができず、一方その平均厚さが10μmを越えると、先端面切刃面にチッピングが発生し易くなることから、その平均厚さを1〜10μmと定めた。
【0009】
【発明の実施の態様】
つぎに、この発明の被覆超硬ドリルを実施例により具体的に説明する。
原料粉末として、平均粒径:5.5μmを有する中粗粒WC粉末、同0.8μmの微粒WC粉末、同1.3μmのTaC粉末、同1.2μmのNbC粉末、同1.2μmのZrC粉末、同2.3μmのCr32粉末、同1.5μmのVC粉末、同1.0μmの(Ti,W)C粉末、同1.8μmのCo粉末、および同1.2μmの炭素(C)粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末をそれぞれ表1に示される配合組成に配合し、さらにワックスを加えてアセトン中で24時間ボールミル混合し、減圧乾燥した後、いずれも1ton/cm2の圧力でプレス成形して、それぞれ直径が5mm、10mm、および20mmの丸棒圧粉体とし、この丸棒圧粉体を、0.05Torrの真空雰囲気中、7℃/分の昇温速度で1370〜1470℃の範囲内の所定の温度に昇温し、この温度に1時間保持後、炉冷の条件で焼結して、丸棒焼結体素材とし、さらにこれらの丸棒焼結体素材から研削加工にて溝形成部をそれぞれ表1に示される寸法とした超硬ドリル本体A〜Hを製造した。
【0010】
また、上記の原料粉末を用い、これら原料粉末を表2に示される配合組成に配合し、さらにワックスを加えてアセトン中で24時間ボールミル混合し、減圧乾燥した後、1ton/cm2の圧力で所定形状の各種の圧粉体にプレス成形し、これらの圧粉体を、0.05Torrの真空雰囲気中、7℃/分の昇温速度で1370〜1470℃の範囲内の所定の温度に昇温し、この温度に1時間保持後、炉冷の条件で焼結して、いずれも直径:100mm×厚さ:16mmの寸法をもった超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜形成用ターゲットa〜hをそれぞれ製造した。
【0011】
ついで、この結果得られた超硬ドリル本体A〜Hおよびターゲットa〜hを、それぞれ表3に示される組合せで、図2に示される構造のスパッタリング装置に装着し(この場合前記超硬ドリル本体は装置内の基板に垂下状態で装着される)、まず、装置内を排気して1×10−5Torrの真空に保持しながら、ヒーターで装置内を450℃に加熱した後、Arガス、(Ar+5容量%Xe)ガス、および(Ar+1容量%CH4)ガスのうちのいずれかを装置内に導入して圧力:1×10-3Torrの雰囲気とし、この状態で前記基板(超硬ドリル本体)に−1000Vのバイアス電圧を印加して、前記超硬ドリル本体の表面をボンバード洗浄し、引き続いて装置内を圧力:3×10-3TorrのAr雰囲気とすると共に、前記基板(超硬ドリル本体)には−100V、前記ターゲットには−800Vのバイアス電圧を印加して、前記ターゲットa〜hを構成する超硬合金からなる超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜を、同じく表3に示される目標厚さで前記超硬ドリル本体A〜Hの表面全体に形成することにより本発明被覆超硬ドリル1〜8をそれぞれ製造した。
【0012】
また、比較の目的で、上記の超硬ドリル本体A〜Hの表面全体に、通常の化学蒸着装置を用い、表4に示される条件(表中、l−TiCNは、例えば特開平6−8010号公報に記載される縦長成長結晶組織をもったTiCN層に相当するものであり、これ以外の条件で形成された層はいずれも粒状結晶組織をもつものである。また、α−Al23層はα型結晶構造をもつもの、κ−Al23層はκ型結晶構造をもつものを示す)にて、表5に示される組成および目標厚さのセラミック硬質層を形成することにより従来被覆超硬ドリル1〜8をそれぞれ製造した。
【0013】
なお、上記の本発明被覆超硬ドリル1〜8および従来被覆超硬ドリル1〜8を構成する超硬ドリル本体A〜H、並びに前記本発明被覆超硬ドリル1〜8の超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜のCo含有量およびWC粒の平均粒径、さらに前記超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜のC含有量をオージェ分析装置および走査型電子顕微鏡を用いての断面組織観察により測定したところ、表3に示される結果を示し、また前記本発明被覆超硬ドリル1〜8の超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜および従来被覆超硬ドリル1〜8のセラミック硬質層の厚さを測定したところ、それぞれ表3および表5に示される目標厚さと実質的に同じ平均厚さを示した。
【0014】
この結果得られた各種の被覆超硬ドリルのうち、溝形成部の外径が4mmのものについては、
被削材:JIS・S50C(硬さ:HB220)の厚さ:18mmの板材、
回転数:6000r.p.m.、
送り:0.26mm/rev.、
の条件での炭素鋼の湿式(水溶性切削油使用)高速穴あけ加工試験、また溝形成部の外径が8mmのものについては、
被削材:JIS・SUS304(硬さ:HB150)の厚さ:35mmの板材、
回転数:3300r.p.m.、
送り:0.24mm/rev.、
の条件でのステンレス鋼の湿式(水溶性切削油使用)高速穴あけ加工試験、さらに溝形成部の外径が16mmのものについては、
被削材:JIS・SKD61(硬さ:HRC40)の厚さ:50mmの板材、
回転数:2700r.p.m.、
送り:0.31mm/rev.、
の条件でのダイス鋼の湿式(水溶性切削油使用)高速穴あけ加工試験を行い、穴あけ加工数:500個毎に先端面切刃面における逃げ面摩耗幅を測定すると共に、その摩耗状況を観察した。これらの測定結果を表6、7にそれぞれ示した。
【0015】
【表1】

Figure 0003906476
【0016】
【表2】
Figure 0003906476
【0017】
【表3】
Figure 0003906476
【0018】
【表4】
Figure 0003906476
【0019】
【表5】
Figure 0003906476
【0020】
【表6】
Figure 0003906476
【0021】
【表7】
Figure 0003906476
【0022】
【発明の効果】
表3〜7に示される結果から、本発明被覆超硬ドリル1〜8は、いずれもこれを構成する超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜が超硬ドリル本体と同種の超硬合金からなるので、超硬ドリル本体表面に対する密着性にすぐれたものとなり、かつ1〜4重量%の低いCo含有量とWC粒の平均粒径が0.05μm以下の超微粒組織を有するので、相対的に高い硬さおよび強度を具備するようになることから、高速穴あけ加工にもかかわらず、先端面切刃面における前記超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜に剥離の発生がなく、これによってチッピング発生が実質的になくなり、この結果すぐれた耐摩耗性を長期に亘って発揮するようになるのに対して、従来被覆超硬ドリル1〜8においては、いずれもこれを構成するセラミック硬質層の剥離によるチッピング発生が早期に発生し、これが原因で先端面切刃面の摩耗が急速に進行するようになることが明らかである。
上述のように、この発明の被覆超硬ドリルは、これの表面被覆層を構成する超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜が超微粒組織およびすぐれた密着性を有することから、通常の条件での穴あけ加工は勿論のこと、これを高速で行った場合にもすぐれた耐摩耗性を長期に亘って発揮するようになるものであり、したがって穴あけ加工の省力化および省エネ化、さらに低コスト化に十分満足に対応することができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)は被覆超硬ドリルを例示する概略拡大正面図、(b)は溝形成部の長さ方向中央部におけるドリル中心線に対して直角な方向の断面(直角断面)図である。
【図2】スパッタリング装置を例示する概略説明図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the surface coating layer is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film, and the cemented carbide sputter-deposited film has an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion, and therefore, even when drilling is performed at a high speed. The present invention relates to a surface-coated cemented carbide drill (hereinafter referred to as a coated carbide drill) that exhibits excellent wear resistance over a long period of time without occurrence of chipping (microchips) on the cutting edge surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in general, as a coated carbide drill, for example, as shown in a schematic enlarged front view in FIG. 1A, a groove forming portion having a tip surface as a cutting edge surface and an outer diameter of 4 to 16 mm, a shank portion, Further, the groove forming portion has a structure shown in a cross-sectional view (perpendicular cross-sectional view) in a direction perpendicular to the drill center line in the central portion in the longitudinal direction in FIG. Co: at least the tip of a drill body (hereinafter referred to as a cemented carbide drill body) composed of a sintered body of a tungsten carbide base cemented carbide (hereinafter simply referred to as a cemented carbide) containing 5 to 16% by weight Ti carbide (hereinafter referred to as TiC) layer, nitride (hereinafter referred to as TiN) layer, carbonitride (hereinafter referred to as TiCN) layer, carbon dioxide on the surface of the groove forming portion including the face cutting edge surface (Hereinafter referred to as TiCO) layer, nitride oxide (hereinafter referred to as TiCO) , Shown in TiNO) layer, and oxycarbonitride (hereinafter, the Ti compound layer consisting of one single layer or a multi layer of two or more types of shows) layer TiCNO, aluminum oxide (hereinafter, Al 2 O A coated carbide drill formed by chemical vapor deposition and / or physical vapor deposition of a surface coating layer composed of a ceramic hard layer composed of layers (shown by 3 ) with an average thickness of 1 to 10 μm is known.
In addition, the above carbide drill main body is a WC powder, (Ti, W) C powder, (Ti, W) CN powder having a predetermined average particle diameter in the range of 0.5 to 6 μm as raw powder. , (Ta, Nb) C powder, TaC powder, NbC powder, ZrC powder, VC powder, Cr 3 C 2 powder, Co powder, Cr powder, etc. After mixing and drying, it is press-molded into a round bar green compact having a predetermined diameter, and this round bar green compact is raised at a rate of 5 to 10 ° C./min in a vacuum atmosphere of a vacuum degree of 10 −1 Torr or more. The temperature is increased to a predetermined temperature within the range of 1370 to 1470 ° C. at a temperature rate, held at this temperature increase for 1 to 2 hours, sintered under furnace cooling conditions, and Co content as a binder phase forming component Cemented carbide containing 5 to 16% by weight for the purpose of imparting sinterability and toughness (strength) Forming a configured rod sintered body material is also known to be produced by grinding from the round rod sintered body material into a shape shown in FIG.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, in recent years, there is a strong demand for labor saving, energy saving, and cost reduction of drilling, and along with this, along with higher performance of drilling machines, etc., drilling has a tendency to increase in speed. In the conventional coated carbide drill, the adhesion of the ceramic hard layer constituting the surface coating layer to the surface of the cemented carbide drill body is not sufficient, and itself has high hardness, but has extremely low toughness. For this reason, the ceramic hard layer is likely to be peeled off, which causes chipping. As a result, the service life is reached in a relatively short time.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, from the above viewpoints, the present inventors have excellent adhesion to the surface of the cemented carbide drill body, and toughness that does not cause chipping on the cutting edge surface even in high-speed drilling. As a result of research to develop a surface coating layer having , a groove forming portion including a cutting edge surface on the tip surface is formed on a substrate of a normal sputtering apparatus, for example, a sputtering apparatus schematically shown in FIG. A cemented carbide drill body, which is ground into the shape shown and contains a predetermined amount of Co as a binder phase forming component, is mounted in a state where the groove forming portion is suspended downward, and a predetermined amount is also used as a target. using a cemented carbide containing Co, while heating the inside of the apparatus to 300 to 600 ° C. by the heater, pressure: during 2 to 5 × 10 -3 Torr of Ar reaction atmosphere, the substrate is, for example, When a sputtering voltage is applied to the target at a bias voltage of, for example, -800 V and plasma is generated between the substrate and the target, the target is formed as a surface coating layer on the surface of the carbide drill body. It is possible to form a carbide sputter deposition film having the same type of composition as the cemented carbide alloy constituting the cemented carbide. Using a carbide drill body of 5 to 16% by weight as in the case of the hard drill body, it has sufficient toughness, and the content of Co as a binder phase forming component of the target is compared with that of the carbide drill body. The surface coating layer is made of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film that is relatively hard compared to the cemented carbide drill body, using a relatively small amount of cemented carbide of 1 to 4% by weight. By forming an average thickness of 1~10μm and, in the coating carbide drills of this result,
(A) Since the cemented carbide sputter deposition film as the surface coating layer is made of the same kind of cemented carbide as the cemented carbide drill body, the adhesion to the surface of the cemented carbide drill body is remarkably high. As a result, high-speed drilling is performed. However, the occurrence of chipping is significantly suppressed without the occurrence of peeling.
(B) Since the cemented carbide sputter deposition film has a content of Co as a binder phase forming component of 1 to 4% by weight and relatively lower than 5 to 16% by weight of the cemented carbide drill body, Since it is harder than the cemented carbide drill body, the wear resistance can be improved.
(C) In general, a cemented carbide sintered body uses a fine WC powder having an average particle diameter of 1 μm or less as a raw material powder, and Cr 3 C 2 powder or Cr for the purpose of suppressing WC grain growth or WC grain refinement Even if the powder is blended, it is extremely difficult to make the average particle size of the WC grains 0.5 μm or less by observing the cross-sectional structure with a scanning electron microscope. However, regardless of the grain size of the WC grains of the cemented carbide constituting the above target, it has an ultrafine grain structure with an average grain size of 0.05 μm or less, which leads to a further improvement in wear resistance. thing.
The research result that the characteristics shown in (a) to (c) are achieved has been obtained.
[0005]
This invention was made based on the above research results,
At least a cemented carbide drill body comprising a shank portion and a groove forming portion having a distal end surface as a cutting edge surface and an outer diameter of 4 to 16 mm, and containing Co: 5 to 16% by weight as a binder phase forming component The surface of the groove forming part including the cutting edge surface of the tip surface is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film made of a cemented carbide containing Co: 1 to 4 wt% as a binder phase forming component and having an ultrafine grain structure. The surface coating layer is formed with an average thickness of 1 to 10 μm, and the surface coating layer is characterized by a coated carbide drill composed of a cemented carbide sputter deposition film having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion. It is what you have.
[0006]
Hereinafter, in the coated carbide drill of the present invention, the Co content of the cemented carbide drill body and the cemented carbide sputter deposition coating constituting the same, and the average thickness of the cemented carbide sputter deposition coating are limited as described above. Explain why.
(1) Co content of cemented carbide drill body If the content is less than 5% by weight, the toughness required particularly when drilling is performed at high speed, that is, chipping does not occur on the end face of the cutting edge. If sufficient toughness cannot be ensured, on the other hand, if its content exceeds 16% by weight, thermoplastic tip deformation tends to occur particularly on the tip face, which causes uneven wear and causes rapid wear progress. Since it comes to come, the content was determined to be 5 to 16% by weight.
[0007]
(2) Co content of cemented carbide sputter-deposited film If the content is less than 1% by weight, not only the adhesion to the surface of the carbide drill body is insufficient, but sufficient film strength cannot be obtained, On the other hand, when the content exceeds 4% by weight, wear particularly when drilling is performed at a high speed, so that the wear proceeds rapidly. Therefore, the content is determined to be 1 to 4% by weight.
[0008]
(3) Average thickness of cemented carbide sputter-deposited film If the average thickness is less than 1 μm, the desired wear resistance cannot be ensured, while if the average thickness exceeds 10 μm, the end face cutting edge Since chipping tends to occur on the surface, the average thickness was determined to be 1 to 10 μm.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, the coated carbide drill of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
As raw material powders, medium coarse WC powder having an average particle diameter of 5.5 μm, fine WC powder of 0.8 μm, TaC powder of 1.3 μm, NbC powder of 1.2 μm, ZrC of 1.2 μm Powder, 2.3 μm Cr 3 C 2 powder, 1.5 μm VC powder, 1.0 μm (Ti, W) C powder, 1.8 μm Co powder, and 1.2 μm carbon ( C) Prepare powders, mix these raw material powders with the composition shown in Table 1, add wax, ball mill in acetone for 24 hours, dry under reduced pressure, and then pressure of 1 ton / cm 2 To form round bar green compacts having diameters of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm, respectively, and the round bar green compacts are heated at a rate of 1370 to 7 ° C./min in a 0.05 Torr vacuum atmosphere. Predetermined temperature within the range of 1470 ° C The temperature was raised to 1 hour, held at this temperature for 1 hour, sintered under furnace cooling conditions to obtain a round bar sintered body material, and groove forming portions were formed by grinding from these round bar sintered body materials. Carbide drill bodies A to H having the dimensions shown in Table 1 were manufactured.
[0010]
Further, using the above raw material powders, these raw material powders were blended in the blending composition shown in Table 2, further added with wax, ball mill mixed in acetone for 24 hours, dried under reduced pressure, and then at a pressure of 1 ton / cm 2 . Various green compacts of a predetermined shape are press-molded, and these green compacts are heated to a predetermined temperature in the range of 1370 to 1470 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 7 ° C./min in a vacuum atmosphere of 0.05 Torr. Warm, hold at this temperature for 1 hour, and then sinter under furnace cooling conditions, each of the targets a to h for forming a cemented carbide sputter deposition film having a diameter: 100 mm x thickness: 16 mm Manufactured.
[0011]
Then, the carbide drill bodies A to H and targets a to h obtained as a result are mounted on the sputtering apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. 2 in the combinations shown in Table 3 (in this case, the carbide drill body). First, the inside of the apparatus is evacuated and kept in a vacuum of 1 × 10 −5 Torr while the inside of the apparatus is heated to 450 ° C. with a heater, and then Ar gas, ( Either Ar + 5 volume% Xe) gas or (Ar + 1 volume% CH 4 ) gas is introduced into the apparatus to create an atmosphere of pressure 1 × 10 −3 Torr. In this state, the substrate (carbide drill body) ) the applied bias voltage of -1000 V, the bombarded cleaning the surface of the carbide drill body, followed by the pressure in the apparatus: with the Ar atmosphere at 3 × 10 -3 Torr, the substrate (cemented carbide A bias voltage of -100 V is applied to the main body) and a bias voltage of -800 V is applied to the target. The coated carbide drills 1 to 8 of the present invention were manufactured by forming the entire surface of the carbide drill bodies A to H in thickness.
[0012]
For comparison purposes, an ordinary chemical vapor deposition apparatus was used on the entire surface of the above carbide drill bodies A to H, and the conditions shown in Table 4 (in the table, l-TiCN is, for example, JP-A-6-8010). No. and corresponds to a TiCN layer having longitudinal growth crystal structure described in JP, other layers formed under the condition of those with both granular crystal structure. also, alpha-Al 2 O 3 layers have an α-type crystal structure and κ-Al 2 O 3 layer has a κ-type crystal structure), and a ceramic hard layer having the composition and target thickness shown in Table 5 is formed. Thus, conventionally coated carbide drills 1 to 8 were produced.
[0013]
In addition, the cemented carbide drills 1-8 of the present invention coated carbide drills 1-8 and the conventional coated carbide drills 1-8, and the cemented carbide sputter deposition of the present invention coated carbide drills 1-8. Table 3 shows the Co content of the film, the average particle diameter of the WC grains, and the C content of the cemented carbide sputter-deposited film by observation of the cross-sectional structure using an Auger analyzer and a scanning electron microscope. Further, the thickness of the cemented carbide sputter deposition film of the coated carbide drills 1 to 8 of the present invention and the thickness of the ceramic hard layer of the conventional coated carbide drills 1 to 8 were measured. The average thickness was substantially the same as the target thickness shown in FIG.
[0014]
Of the various coated carbide drills obtained as a result of this, for the outer diameter of the groove forming portion is 4 mm,
Work material: JIS S50C (hardness: HB220) thickness: 18 mm plate material,
Rotational speed: 6000 r. p. m. ,
Feed: 0.26 mm / rev. ,
For carbon steel wet (using water-soluble cutting oil) high-speed drilling test, and for the groove forming part with an outer diameter of 8 mm,
Work material: JIS / SUS304 (hardness: HB150) thickness: 35 mm plate material,
Rotational speed: 3300 r. p. m. ,
Feed: 0.24 mm / rev. ,
For stainless steel wet (using water-soluble cutting oil) high-speed drilling test, and the groove forming part with an outer diameter of 16 mm,
Work material: JIS SKD61 (hardness: HRC40) thickness: 50 mm plate material,
Rotational speed: 2700 r. p. m. ,
Feed: 0.31 mm / rev. ,
We perform high-speed drilling test of wet die steel (using water-soluble cutting oil) under the above conditions, and measure the flank wear width at the cutting edge surface for every 500 drilled holes and observe the wear status did. These measurement results are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.
[0015]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003906476
[0016]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003906476
[0017]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003906476
[0018]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003906476
[0019]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003906476
[0020]
[Table 6]
Figure 0003906476
[0021]
[Table 7]
Figure 0003906476
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
From the results shown in Tables 3-7, since the cemented carbide drills 1 to 8 of the present invention are composed of the same kind of cemented carbide as the cemented carbide drill body, the cemented carbide sputter deposition film constituting the cemented carbide drill is composed of cemented carbide Since it has excellent adhesion to the drill body surface, and has a low Co content of 1 to 4% by weight and an ultrafine structure with an average particle size of WC grains of 0.05 μm or less, relatively high hardness and Since it has strength, despite the high-speed drilling, the cemented carbide sputter deposition film on the cutting edge of the tip has no delamination, which substantially eliminates chipping. Whereas excellent wear resistance is exhibited over a long period of time, in conventional coated carbide drills 1-8, chipping occurs due to peeling of the ceramic hard layer that constitutes this Early occurs, this is clear that the wear of the distal end surface cutting surfaces because so rapidly proceeds.
As described above, in the coated carbide drill of the present invention, since the cemented carbide sputter deposition film constituting the surface coating layer has an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion, drilling under normal conditions is not possible. Of course, even if this is performed at high speed, excellent wear resistance will be exhibited over a long period of time, and therefore it is sufficiently satisfactory for labor saving and energy saving of drilling processing, and further cost reduction. It can respond.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a schematic enlarged front view illustrating a coated carbide drill, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view (perpendicular cross-section) in a direction perpendicular to the drill center line at the longitudinal center of the groove forming portion. It is.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating a sputtering apparatus.

Claims (1)

シャンク部と、先端面を切刃面とし、かつ4〜16mmの外径を有する溝形成部とからなると共に、結合相形成成分としてCo:5〜16重量%を含有する炭化タングステン基超硬合金の焼結体で構成されたドリル本体の少なくとも前記先端面切刃面を含む溝形成部の表面に、結合相形成成分としてCo:1〜4重量%を含有する炭化タングステン基超硬合金からなり、かつ超微粒組織を有する超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜で構成された表面被覆層を1〜10μmの平均厚さで形成してなる、表面被覆層が超硬合金スパッタ蒸着皮膜で構成された表面被覆超硬合金製ドリル。Tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide comprising a shank portion and a groove forming portion having a tip surface as a cutting edge surface and an outer diameter of 4 to 16 mm, and containing Co: 5 to 16% by weight as a binder phase forming component A tungsten carbide based cemented carbide containing Co: 1 to 4 wt% as a binder phase forming component on the surface of the groove forming portion including at least the tip face cutting edge surface of the drill body composed of the sintered body of And a surface coating layer comprising a cemented carbide sputter deposition film having a superfine grain structure and having an average thickness of 1 to 10 μm, the surface coating layer comprising a cemented carbide sputter deposition film Cemented carbide drill.
JP34615099A 1999-12-06 1999-12-06 A surface-coated cemented carbide drill in which the surface coating layer is composed of a cemented carbide sputter-deposited film having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent adhesion Expired - Fee Related JP3906476B2 (en)

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